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Jevtić, Radoje. „Safety in residential buildings: Evacuation from residential buildings without fire escape stairs“. Vojnotehnicki glasnik 69, Nr. 1 (2021): 148–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/vojtehg69-28170.
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Introduction/purpose: Safety in high residential buildings presents a very important and always actual task. In case of some unforeseen and dangerous occurrences, their residents must be evacuated. Fire, earthquakes, and terrorism are only some of such situations. The speed of evacuation from high residential buildings depends on many different factors. A particularly difficult and complex evacuation task concerns buildings without fire escape stairs. Methods: The modeling method was used in this paper. Based on a real object - a residential building, an appropriate simulation model was realized in appropriate simulation software. Results: The results of this paper have shown that, out of four scenarios, the fastest evacuation was for the evacuation speed of 1.75 m/s. The first two scenarios did not report any jams, unlike the third and fourth scenario; in the third scenario, the occupants' speeds were 0.75 m/s and 1.25 m/s while in the fourth scenario, the simulated occupants' speeds were from 0.75 m/s to 1.75 m/s. Conclusion:The usage of appropriate simulation software enables fast, precise, safe and cheap calculation of evacuation times and it can significantly improve evacuation procedures and evacuation strategies.
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Yu, Yifan, Zheng Chen, Jiatian Bu und Qinglai Zhang. „Do Stairs Inhibit Seniors Who Live on Upper Floors From Going Out?“ HERD: Health Environments Research & Design Journal 13, Nr. 4 (15.07.2020): 128–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1937586720936588.
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Background: Walk-up buildings are common in China today since they were almost the only type of residential buildings constructed from the 1950s to the 1990s. Objectives: This study examined how a vertical mobility obstacle, that is, mandatory stair climbing in walk-up residential buildings, may impact whether seniors go outdoors. Methods: We collected and examined 1,608 valid data records from 64 Chinese senior participants in Shanghai wearing Fitbit HR wristbands that tracked their mobility and physical activity for 31 consecutive days. Multilevel mixed-effects logistic regressions were performed on the binary leaving-home-or-not probability by the level of vertical obstacles controlled for physical–demographic factors, socioeconomic factors, outdoor activity habits, and weather. Results: Our observations revealed that each floor above ground level reduced the likelihood of outdoor trips by approximately one third per floor. After controlling for the physical, demographic, and socioeconomic factors of the participants as well as weather and holidays, we found that significantly fewer going-out incidents were also associated with more frequent outdoor activities within the community, especially in paved areas, but no associations were observed with self-reported visit frequencies to green spaces, senior centers within the community, or other places outside the community. Conclusion: This study offered the in situ observation that seniors’ probability of leaving their homes is correlated with the degree of vertical circulation as a mobility barrier (i.e., the number of stairs between their living space and access to the outdoors), which may impact policy making for regulations concerning elevators in residential codes and renovations.
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Wang, Yong, und Xiao Xi Xia. „Application of Precast Concrete Shear Wall Structure in Residential Projects“. Applied Mechanics and Materials 638-640 (September 2014): 15–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.638-640.15.
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In order to adapt to the development of housing industrialization and the construction of energy-saving emission reduction requirements, research and application of precast concrete shear wall structure is becoming the hotspot in structural engineering. The DiJie international city B Neighborhood Project No. 8 residential building the form of engineering structure for precast shear wall structure. According to the practical application of prefabricated wall panels, balcony board, air conditioning board and stairs in residential projects, Introduced the key technology of component production, installation, cast structure node connection construction process using prefabricated in shear wall structure. In order to provide the reference for precast concrete shear wall high-rise residential design in the future.
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Taylor, Jenny, Lisa Shostak, Andrew Rogers und Paul Mitchell. „Rethinking mental health provision in the secure estate for children and young people: a framework for integrated care (SECURE STAIRS)“. Safer Communities 17, Nr. 4 (08.10.2018): 193–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/sc-07-2018-0019.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to outline the challenges to achieving positive outcomes for young people within the secure estate in England, and introduces a psychologically informed framework, SECURE STAIRS (SS), aimed at improving outcomes. Design/methodology/approach The paper argues that there is a need for a fundamental shift in the way care and intervention for young people within the secure estate is delivered. It gives an overview of current challenges and needs and summarises the theoretical concepts and evidence base which can guide practice and form the foundations of the SS framework. Findings The framework recommends that intervention shift from focussing primarily on individual assessment and treatment to a greater emphasis on supporting the work of the wider system of care. Recommendations include promoting trauma-informed care, a focus on the system dynamics within institutions and how these impact on the care young people receive, and on the collaborative development with residential staff and young people of formulation-led care plans that include a focus on issues of sustainability after leaving the secure estate. Practical implications These include the establishment of discrete residential groupings with truly integrated and trauma-informed work across residential, mental health, education and criminal justice agencies. This involves addressing governance issues around shared record keeping, and challenges to sustainability and the accompanying need for local implementation plans for each establishment alongside central support at a strategic level. Originality/value This paper describes a new and innovative way of working within secure settings to ensure children and young people’s needs are better met.
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Corish, Clare A., und Laura A. Bardon. „Malnutrition in older adults: screening and determinants“. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 78, Nr. 3 (03.12.2018): 372–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0029665118002628.
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Older adults are at risk of protein-energy malnutrition (PEM). PEM detrimentally impacts on health, cognitive and physical functioning and quality of life. Given these negative health outcomes in the context of an ageing global population, the Healthy Diet for a Healthy Life Joint Programming Initiative Malnutrition in the Elderly (MaNuEL) sought to create a knowledge hub on malnutrition in older adults. This review summarises the findings related to the screening and determinants of malnutrition. Based on a scoring system that incorporated validity, parameters used and practicability, recommendations on setting-specific screening tools for use with older adults were made. These are: DETERMINE your health checklist for the community, Nutritional Form for the Elderly for rehabilitation, Short Nutritional Assessment Questionnaire-Residential Care for residential care and Malnutrition Screening Tool or Mini Nutritional Assessment-Short Form for hospitals. A meta-analysis was conducted on six longitudinal studies from MaNuEL partner countries to identify the determinants of malnutrition. Increasing age, unmarried/separated/divorced status (vs.married but not widowed), difficulties walking 100 m or climbing stairs and hospitalisation in the year prior to baseline or during follow-up predicted malnutrition. The sex-specific predictors of malnutrition were explored within The Irish Longitudinal Study of Ageing dataset. For females, cognitive impairment or receiving social support predicted malnutrition. The predictors for males were falling in the previous 2 years, hospitalisation in the past year and self-reported difficulties in climbing stairs. Incorporation of these findings into public health policy and clinical practice would support the early identification and management of malnutrition.
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Yu, Shiwang, Yong Liu, Caiyun Cui und Bo Xia. „Influence of Outdoor Living Environment on Elders’ Quality of Life in Old Residential Communities“. Sustainability 11, Nr. 23 (24.11.2019): 6638. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11236638.
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The population is getting older in Mainland China, which presents a huge challenge of how to support these increasing elders to enjoy a high quality of life (QoL). Due to the limited nursing institutions and Chinese traditional culture, aging in place is the most common choice for elders. Up to now, most elders in cities are living in old residential communities (ORCs) rather than new ones. Poor quality of outdoor living environment (OLE) in these ORCs cannot well support the daily life of the elders, especially for those with physical problems. A questionnaire study was conducted to explore the influence of OLE on the QoL of elders living in ORCs. A total of 107 questionnaires were completed by both elderly residents in ORCs (45.79% were male and 54.21% were female). The data was analyzed by a mix of reliability analysis, correlation analysis, and regression analysis. The results showed that physical health of elders was influenced by distance, safety, greenery, seat, recreational facilities; psychological health was predicted by width, height, and greenery; social relationship was affected by distance, safety, and recreational facilities. Based on the research results, recommendations were proposed to property management service providers and local governments, including providing more seats at a reasonable height, setting handrails alongside the long ramp, installing folding seats along building stairs, and so on.
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Ziedan, Hamdy A., Ibraheem M. Fayed und Alaa Eldin M. Abofard. „A Novel Design of Water-Flow Based Electrical Generator as an Energy Harvesting Device“. MATEC Web of Conferences 171 (2018): 02001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201817102001.
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This paper is aimed to investigate, experimentally, new two designs of Energy Harvesting Device: Water-Flow Based Electrical Generator (WEG). This device directly converts the motion of water inside a permanent magnet tube to electricity. Its output power is affected by several parameters such as permanent-magnet tube diameter, its length, water velocity and the concentration of minerals in the water (fresh, sewage or sea water). The relationship and dependency of these parameters are examined experimentally to obtain a set of graphs which can determine the suitability and performance of the proposed model for different applications. Advantages of these new models are clean power resource, simple and non-expensive design. The output power of these generators can power or recharge cell phones, mobile computers, radio communication equipment, stairs lighting of residential towers, commercial street signs, inside sea signs, etc.
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OGAWA, Hitoshi, Seiichi FUKAO, Shinji YAMAZAKI, Katsuhiro KOBAYASHI, Kozo KADOWAKI, Susumu MINAMI und Kenichi TAHARA. „DEVELOPMENT OF A NEW ELEVATOR ADDITION SYSTEM FOR AGED RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS-Development of the elevator tower system integrated with stairs Part 1-“. AIJ Journal of Technology and Design 13, Nr. 26 (2007): 715–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3130/aijt.13.715.
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Kurpinska, Grzyl und Kristowski. „Cost Analysis of Prefabricated Elements of the Ordinary and Lightweight Concrete Walls in Residential Construction“. Materials 12, Nr. 21 (04.11.2019): 3629. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12213629.
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Global economic growth causes an increase in natural resources exploitation, particularly in construction branch. The growing use of electricity contributes to climate change. Therefore, it is necessary to search the solutions, which will allow for reducing natural resources exploitation. One of the many opportunities to do that is the application of the recycled materials. The authors of the given article have analyzed three variants of construction solutions. One of them was the production of the walls of a building from reinforced concrete prefabricates with styrofoam insulation layer. The second variant for analysis were prefabricated walls from lightweight concrete, made of sintered clay aggregate with a foam core. The third proposed variant was a system of multi-layered walls, which was made of lightweight concrete with granulated expanded glass aggregate (GEGA). The main objective of the research was to assess the use of lightweight GEGA prefabricates, focusing on economic and technological aspects of the solution. The authors have analyzed the entire construction costs; ceilings and stairs were assumed as reinforced concrete elements. In calculations, the weight of the elements was taken into account, as well as transportation and mounting costs. On the basis of this cost analysis, it was concluded that the use of prefabricated element, made of lightweight concrete with GEGA, could be a replacement for the solutions, widely applied until these days. The analysis has also shown that the use of prefabricates with GEGA is sensible from the economic viewpoint, as it allows for saving construction time. Moreover, the solutions, proposed here, allow for saving natural resources and assuming a more environmentally friendly and caring attitude.
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Nurlaelah, Azis, U. Sudjadi, J. Hatmoko und H. A. Rusdi. „The Detailed Description of Residential Defects in Years 2010 – 2011 of Citra Garden Residence in Indonesia“. Applied Mechanics and Materials 584-586 (Juli 2014): 288–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.584-586.288.
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The detailed description of residential defects in years 2010 – 2011 of Citra Garden Residence in Indonesia was studied. Defect data were collected from interviews that have been carried out to the field supervisor and to the customer service in Citra Garden Residence. The defects observed were mainly on leakage that comes from the tile, natural stone walls, concrete roof, while the defects in addition to leakage is the wall, the painting, the floor and the ceramic wall, the plafond, the stairs, the roof, wood window & door frame, aluminum window & door frame, fence door & garage, wood stone, railing/grill, the floor and the ceramic wall spotted and sanitary. The data were processed and analyzed by using SPSS (Statistical Program for Social Science) software program to obtain statistical overview of the many types of defects for each category (minor, moderate, and serious) and the timing of the defects (Before Hand Over, During Hand-Over and After Hand-Over). The results showed that for the year 2010, the occurrence of defects in Citra Garden Residence were of moderate non-structural defects = 40.95%, of moderate structural defects = 23.334%, of minor non-structural defects = 21.904%, and of minor structural defect = 13.809%. There were neither serious structural defects nor serious non-structural defects occurred. The defects for the year 2011 were of moderate non-structural defects = 37.582%, of minor non-structural defects = 26.813%, of moderate structural defects = 21.538%, and of minor structural defects = 14.067%. Neither serious structural defects nor serious non-structural defects were found.
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Laksmitasari Rahayu, Rita, Huri Suhendri, Rimsa Rusmiland und Indah Yuliasari. „Correspondence Between Reliability of Rental Flat Building and Space Needs“. Journal of Innovation and Technology 1, Nr. 2 (30.10.2020): 18–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.31629/jit.v1i2.3168.
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Flats for rent need to be designed so that residents move comfortably and can save themselves in times of disaster. This research was conducted with the aim of knowing the spaces needed by the occupants by taking into account the reliability of the building-safety and comfort. Some aspects of building reliability are motion comfort and safety. Data was collected by an online questionnaire, which was distributed to residents using non-random sampling. The collected text data was analyzed by content analysis. From the results of the analysis revealed that residents tend to be comfortable moving in rental residential units. Residents need a secondary space that is a shelf and work space. Storage space represents the meaning of storage of small items. Work, study and storage of equipment represent the meaning of workspace needs. Residents need some secondary space in a residential unit that has aspects of motion comfort and security during disaster evacuation. Motion comfort mainly represents a little furniture, has storage space, and doesn't interfere with activities like sitting and watching television. The number of residents felt safe moving when disaster evacuation in vertical housing was almost the same as the number of residents who felt the evacuation route was not ideal. Easy access is achieved, wide circulation room, near the emergency stairs is represented by the meaning of feeling safe moving during a disaster evacuation. There is no special emergency ladder, narrow circulation space, the condition of a damaged staircase at the time of disaster evacuation is represented by meaning not ideal. This study found a significant relationship between the reasons for motion comfort and the presence of space requirements. There is no significant relationship between disaster evacuation security and secondary space requirements.
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Sharov, Alexander N., Alla V. Krivova, Svetlana S. Rodionova und Valeryi P. Zakharov. „Damage associated with the use of baby walkers“. Pediatric Traumatology, Orthopaedics and Reconstructive Surgery 6, Nr. 4 (29.12.2018): 48–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/ptors6448-58.
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This article presents an overview of 40 literary sources regarding injuries caused by baby walkers. The data from the first studies on the submitted subjects (1981) to the present were estimated for the first time in Russian scientific literature.
Significant variations in the structure and volume of injuries worldwide were shown. This may be caused by the difference in the living quarter structure, cultural features, errors in data collection, accuracy of data sources, and improvement of the devices. However, in our opinion, two factors have the greatest influence: the design and specific technical solution of such devices and the presence of stairs accessible to the child in a residential building.
In addition, the possibility of children acquiring thermal trauma in a walker was described, including the ability to reach dangerous items, such as heaters, ashtrays, electrical connections, and hot drinks, including poisons.
The danger of walkers as a factor influencing the normal formation of bipedal locomotion and motor pattern was indicated.
The authors underline the need to inform the public regarding the dangers of walkers as much as possible or to introduce a complete ban on their use, which was done in Canada in 2004 that led to a decrease in the level of child injuries.
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Suzuki, Yuta, Noriaki Maeda, Naoki Ishibashi, Hiroaki Murakami, Masanori Morikawa, Junpei Sasadai, Taizan Shirakawa und Yukio Urabe. „Functional Predictors for Home Discharge after Hip Fracture in Patients Living in Sloped Neighborhoods or Islands: An 8-Year Retrospective Cohort Study“. Geriatrics 5, Nr. 4 (15.11.2020): 93. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/geriatrics5040093.
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Functional predictors of home discharge after hip fractures have been widely reported; however, no study has considered the geographical features surrounding patients’ homes. This study aimed to identify home discharge predictors and determine the cutoff points required for home discharge of patients living in sloped neighborhoods or islands. A total of 437 postoperative hip fracture patients were included and classified into the flat, slope, and island groups according to their residential area before the fracture. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify significant home discharge predictors, and receiver-operating characteristic analysis to calculate cutoff values. In all the groups, the functional independence measure-motor score was a significant home discharge predictor, with cutoff values of 69 for the flat group and 65 points for the slope and island group. In the slope group, the 6-minute walking distance (odds ratio, 1.02; 95% confidence interval, 1.01–1.04) and revised Hasegawa dementia scale score (odds ratio, 1.06; 95% confidence interval, 1.01–1.12) were also identified as predictors, with cutoff values of 150 m and 18 points, respectively. The outcomes required for home discharge after hip fracture differ depending on the neighborhood terrain, especially for patients living in areas with many slopes and stairs.
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Joshi, Rutali, Anjali Joseph, Sahar Mihandoust, Lisa Hoskins, Susan O’Hara, Cheryl J. Dye und Kapil Chalil Madathil. „Understanding Key Home and Community Environment Challenges Encountered by Older Adults Undergoing Total Knee or Hip Arthroplasty“. Gerontologist 61, Nr. 7 (19.02.2021): 1071–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geront/gnab025.
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Abstract Background and Objectives Older adults undergoing total hip arthroplasty (THA) and total knee arthroplasty (TKA) experience significant challenges while navigating their homes after surgery and are at higher risk for falls and injuries. This study explored the specific home and community physical environment challenges faced by community-dwelling older adults while performing daily activities and actions taken to modify their homes before surgery. Research Design and Methods Using a qualitative descriptive methodology, semistructured interviews were conducted with 22 older adult–care partner dyads pre- and postsurgery to identify key built environment barriers and facilitators in addition to home modifications made pre- and postsurgery. Results Challenges anticipated by participants to perform daily activities presurgery varied from those experienced postsurgery. Lack of support along stairs or in bathrooms, flooring material, and transitions were significant concerns raised by the participants before surgery. Size and layout of home and ergonomics of resting furniture were recognized as issues postsurgery. Modifications ranged from easy fixes such as rearranging furniture, removing clutter, and installing grab bars to high-cost structural changes such as remodeling critical spaces such as bathrooms. Although participants agreed on the importance of conducting proactive home assessments and modifications before surgery, perceived costs and lack of knowledge or services limit older adults from implementing some changes. Discussion and Implications Home modifications must be considered proactively before an event such as a THA or TKA. These should be done within the context of the specific needs, abilities, financial capabilities, and social and physical home environments of the individual and the residential caregivers.
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Rossetin, Liliana Laura, Elisangela Valevein Rodrigues, Luiza Herminia Gallo, Darla Silvério Macedo, Maria Eliana Madalozzo Schieferdecker, Vitor Last Pintarelli, Estela Iraci Rabito und Anna Raquel Silveira Gomes. „Indicators of sarcopenia and their relation to intrinsic and extrinsic factors relating to falls among active elderly women“. Revista Brasileira de Geriatria e Gerontologia 19, Nr. 3 (Juni 2016): 399–414. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1809-98232016019.150028.
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Abstract Introduction: Musculoskeletal aging can impair functional performance increasing the risk of falls. Objective: To analyze the correlation between sarcopenia and the intrinsic and extrinsic factors involved in falls among community-dwelling elderly women. Method: A cross-sectional study evaluated the number of falls of 85 active community-dwelling elderly women in the previous year and then divided them into two groups: non-fallers (n=61) and fallers (n=24). The sarcopenia indicators assessed were gait speed (GS, 10m); handgrip strength (HS); calf circumference; appendicular muscle mass index (DXA). Intrinsic factors: Mental State Examination (MSE); visual acuity; depression (GDS-30); hip , knee (Lequesne) and ankle/foot (FAOS) pain/function; vestibular function (Fukuda test); functional mobility and risk of falls (TUG); power (sitting and standing five times); gait (treadmill); fear of falling (FES-I-Brazil). Extrinsic factors: risk/security features in homes. The independent t test was applied for comparisons between groups and the Pearson and Spearman tests were used for correlations (p<0.05). Results: There was a moderate correlation between HS and GS in non-fallers (r=0.47; p=0.001) and fallers (r= 0.54; p=0.03). There was a moderate negative correlation (r= -0.52; p=0.03) between FES-I-Brazil and gait cadence in fallers. There was a greater presence of stairs (p=0.001) and throw rugs (p=0.03) in the homes of fallers than non-fallers. Conclusion: The elderly women were not sarcopenic. Elderly fallers presented inferior gait cadence and a greater fear of falling. Residential risks were determining factors for falls, and were more relevant than intrinsic factors in the evaluation of falls among active community-dwelling elders.
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Faisal, Shaha. „Orientation to finance (ORTOFIN) and its relationship with residential status“. Investment Management and Financial Innovations 14, Nr. 3 (06.10.2017): 74–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/imfi.14(3).2017.07.
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The two of factors Orientation towards Finance (ORTOFIN) Scale tests the financial information and personal financial planning of the respondents. The Scale helps in identifying the personal financial management behavior of a general and non-specific nature. The present study was undertaken to test the relationship between status of residence and financial orientation using ORTOFIN Scale. Towards this the ORTOFIN scale was administered on 167 resident employed Indians and 62 expatriates working in Saudi Arabia. Since most of the expatriates work in unique situations that are often beset with risks, they have to face an uncertain future. This unique situation was hypothesized, would induce in them a different type of financial behavior, distinct from those who are settled and work in the home country. Results of the study, however, show that there is no relationship between the status of residence and financial orientation of the respondents. The results of the study are of great significance and of practical implication to those financial institutions with which expatriates are associated.
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Mckeen und Liao. „The Influence of Building Airtightness on Airflow |in Stairwells“. Buildings 9, Nr. 10 (24.09.2019): 208. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings9100208.
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Airflow into stairwells due to stack effect is a concern affecting fire safety, energy performance, and indoor air quality. Stack effect in tall buildings can create significant pressure differentials in vertical shafts when differences in outdoor and indoor temperature exist. The pressure differentials drive air through openings or gaps in walls and floors. Vertical shafts, consisting of stairs and elevators, may transport significant volumes of air. During heating season, this results in the infiltration of cold air at lower floors and the exhaust of warm air on the upper floors. Correspondingly, it results in the spread of air and potential contaminants within the building. Stack effect driven airflow will change according to size and distribution of leakage paths. The size of leakage areas can be approximated by a cross-sectional area of an orifice that would allow equivalent flow. This leakage area is dependent on construction material, workmanship, and even operation, as openings from windows and doors equate to large orifices. A building’s composition of these leakage areas can greatly impact the effective area and airflow. The effect of openings from stairwell doors can change the Neutral Pressure Plane location (NPP), altering airflow patterns within a building. This paper investigates the influence of effective area on airflow within stairwells for multi-unit residential buildings (MURB) due to stack effect. A range of parameters reflective of industry standards are evaluated using network modeling and computational fluid dynamics (CFD). Parametric analysis is used to determine the sensitivity to which they affect airflow between building and stairwells. The effect of airflow within vertical shafts has consequences on indoor air quality (IAQ) and smoke spread, energy efficiency, and thermal comfort. The benefit of reducing leakage in buildings can be understood by comparing the quantity and patterns in airflow in and out of stairwells. Improving air tightness of the building envelope or vertical shafts can have a significant impact on airflow.
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Bleiberg, Efrain. „Stages of Residential Treatment“. Residential Treatment For Children & Youth 6, Nr. 4 (Juli 1989): 7–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j007v06n04_03.
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Khamelda, Lila, Benedictus Sonny Yoedono und Anna Catharina S.P.S. „Analisis Perbandingan Karakteristik, Biaya dan Waktu Material Dinding Komposit dan Non Komposit“. Reka Buana : Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Sipil dan Teknik Kimia 3, Nr. 2 (04.10.2018): 108. http://dx.doi.org/10.33366/rekabuana.v3i2.1017.
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Perkembangan kebutuhan akan hunian telah mendorong inovasi material dinding yang bersaing dari berbagai segi. Dinding merupakan struktur rumah yang dapat bersifat struktural, non struktural atau sebagai partisi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pilihan material dinding pada rumah tipe 38 yaitu material non komposit (bata) dan komposit (beton/bata ringan (AAC), batako, M-Panel). Bata, AAC dan batako merupakan material yang telah umum digunakan, sedangkan M-Panel belum terlalu umum digunakan. M-panel merupakan material komposit yang berbentuk panel atau plat (papan tipis) yang dapat digunakan sebagai dinding, tangga, atap dan lantai. Analisa Harga Satuan Pekerjaan terhadap konstruksi dinding dalam penelitian ini menggunakan AHSP Dirjen PU 2016. Ditemukan bahwa biaya terendah untuk aplikasi material dinding diperoleh dari batu bata dan sebaliknya yang tertinggi diperoleh dari M-Panel. Juga ditemukan bahwa durasi terpendek diperoleh dari M-Panel dan durasi terpanjang diperoleh dari batako. Karakteristik material yang didapatkan dari responden tidak sepenuhnya memenuhi proposisi peneliti, diperkirakan hal tersebut disebabkan karena kurangnya pengetahuan terkait salah satu material yaitu M-Panel. ABSTRACTThe development of residential needs has encouraged the innovation of wall materials that competitive in various aspects. Walls are home structures that can be structural, non-structural or as partitions. This study aims to provide a choice of wall materials in houses type 38, which are covering non-composite (brick) and composite materials (concrete/light brick (AAC), concrete brick (batako), M-Panel). Brick, AAC and concrete brick are commonly used, while M-Panel is not too commonly used. M-panel is a composite material in the form of panels or plates (thin boards) that can be used as walls, stairs, roofs and floors. Work Unit Price Analysis of wall construction in this study uses AHSP Director General of Public Works 2016. It is found that the lowest cost for wall material application is obtained by brick and the contrary the highest is obtained by M-Panel. It is also found that the shortest duration is obtained by M-Panel and the longest is obtained by concrete brick. Material characteristics obtained from respondents did not fully fulfill the researchers' propositions, it was estimated that things were caused by a lack of knowledge regarding one of the materials, namely the M-Panel.
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Dalal, Rakesh, Kamal Bansal und Sapan Thapar. „Bridging the energy gap of India’s residential buildings by using rooftop solar PV systems for higher energy stars“. Clean Energy 5, Nr. 3 (19.07.2021): 423–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ce/zkab017.
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Abstract The residential-building sector in India consumes >25% of the total electricity and is the third-largest consumer of electricity; consumption increased by 26% between 2014 and 2017. India has introduced a star-labelling programme for residential buildings that is applicable for all single- and multiple-dwelling units in the country for residential purposes. The Energy Performance Index (EPI) of a building (annual energy consumption in kilowatt-hours per square metre of the building) is taken as an indicator for awarding the star label for residential buildings. For gauging the EPI status of existing buildings, the electricity consumption of residential buildings (in kWh/m2/year) is established through a case study of the residential society. Two years of electricity bills are collected for an Indian residential society located in Palam, Delhi, analysed and benchmarked with the Indian residential star-labelling programme. A wide EPI gap is observed for existing buildings for five-star energy labels. Based on existing electricity tariffs, the energy consumption of residential consumers and the Bureau of Energy Efficiency (BEE)’s proposed building ENERGY STAR labelling, a grid-integrated rooftop solar photovoltaic (PV) system is considered for achieving a higher star label. This research study establishes the potential of grid-connected rooftop solar PV systems for residential buildings in Indian cities through a case study of Delhi. Techno-economic analysis of a grid-integrated 3-kWp rooftop solar PV plant is analysed by using RETScreen software. The study establishes that an additional two stars can be achieved by existing buildings by using a grid-integrated rooftop solar PV plant. Payback for retrofit of a 3-kWp rooftop solar PV plant for Indian cites varies from 3 to 7 years. A case study in Delhi, India establishes the potential of grid-connected rooftop solar PV systems for residential buildings. Techno-economic analysis of grid integrated, 3 kWp rooftop solar systems estimates a payback period from 3 to 7 years.
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Sun, Yi Lin, Zhi Yi Huang und Ryuichi Kitamura. „Stability of Automobility across Lifecycle Stages over Time“. Advanced Materials Research 255-260 (Mai 2011): 3862–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.255-260.3862.
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This paper describes how automobility characteristics changed across lifecycle stages within different residential areas over time using statistical analyses. The results confirm that lifecycle is a useful classificatory variable in explaining automobility characteristics. Through analysis of four variances (including lifecycle stage, residential area, time, and age effects), the result suggests that residence area mainly determines the automobile ownership, but household members’ age is one of the main explainers for the fraction of auto trips and total auto travel time.
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TABIYAR, DR JYOTSNA, DR SWARNA RASTOGI, DR MONARK VYAS und DR M. K. LALA DR. M K LALA. „A Study of Differentials in Fertility Indicators as Per Residential Status in District Ahemadabad of Gujarat State in India“. International Journal of Scientific Research 3, Nr. 2 (01.06.2012): 64–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/22778179/feb2014/143.
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Saenko, Irina, Ekaterina Kushina und Valeria Pukhova. „Verification of the dependence of factors determining the market value of residential real estate at the stages of the life cycle“. MATEC Web of Conferences 212 (2018): 03002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201821203002.
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The paper reflects the results of the study of the dependence of factors that form the market value of residential real estate objects at the stages of life cycle on the example of the residential real estate market in the city of Krasnoyarsk. It was determined that the location and lifetime of facilities are the key factors in the formation of the market value of residential property. Based on the conducted economic and statistical analysis, it is proved that the importance of the residential object location can suppress the influence of a high degree of depreciation of the building, thereby increasing the market value of residential property in it. It is justified in the work that the value of a location, being a qualitative characteristic of residential real estate, involves the development of quantitative approaches to its measuring and valuating in order to solve theoretical and methodological problems of management and development of housing construction.
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YOSHIDA, Akira, Jun YOSHIKAWA, Noboru MURATA und Yoshiharu AMANO. „ICOPE-15-1025 Effects of a MIP start for solving weekly operational planning problem of a residential energy system“. Proceedings of the International Conference on Power Engineering (ICOPE) 2015.12 (2015): _ICOPE—15——_ICOPE—15—. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmeicope.2015.12._icope-15-_15.
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Jones, James M. „STAGES OF FAMILY INVOLVEMENT IN THE RESIDENTIAL TREATMENT OF ADOLESCENTS“. Journal of Marital and Family Therapy 11, Nr. 4 (Oktober 1985): 381–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-0606.1985.tb00031.x.
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Īle, Una. „LANDSCAPE COMPOSITION DEVELOPMENT STAGES IN MULTI-STOREY RESIDENTIAL AREAS OF THE BALTIC SEA REGION / KRAŠTOVAIZDŽIO KOMPONAVIMO ETAPAI BALTIJOS JŪROS ŠALIŲ REGIONO DAUGIABUČIŲ RAJONŲ KIEMUOSE“. Mokslas - Lietuvos ateitis 3, Nr. 3 (07.06.2011): 16–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/mla.2011.046.
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Several stages of development tendencies exist in the multi-storey residential area courtyards of the Baltic Sea region. These stages can be divided into three groups of courtyards. The first group comprises those multi-storey residential area courtyards that have not experienced any improvement and rearrangement of the spatial environment over the last 10 years. These are mostly realized in the period of the Soviet Union. The second group is characterized by the fact that courtyards in the modern multi-storey residential areas are successfully planned and correspond to inhabitants’ recreation possibilities, but are not attached to the general urban planning system. This group comprises courtyards that were built over the last five years. The third group considers those modern courtyards that correspond to functional solutions of landscape composition planning and provide a pleasant environment. Consequently, the present state of courtyards in the Baltic Sea region urban multi-storey residential areas is diverse and flexible.
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Golovina, Svetlana. „Architectural and constructive concept of the historical residential development of St. Petersburg in the XVIII-early XX centuries“. E3S Web of Conferences 164 (2020): 05006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202016405006.
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The most important stages of the formation of residential development are considered, the spatial and structural features of the construction of historical residential development of St. Petersburg in each period are identified. The organization of private plots, functional and spatial characteristics and design solutions of residential buildings are described. The typology of residential planning systems used at that time was clarified, design options and variants for using building materials in difficult geological conditions and taking into account the peculiarities of the local microclimate are shown. These characteristics are considered by the general system and are the basis for a comprehensive renovation of historical buildings in St. Petersburg.
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Wong, L. T., K. W. Mui und P. S. Hui. „Air pressure variations at drainage stacks of high‐rise residential buildings“. Facilities 26, Nr. 11/12 (22.08.2008): 463–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02632770810895723.
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Lekkos, Ilias, Irini Staggel, Konstantinos Kefalas und Paraskevi Vlachou. „Non-residential real estate and economic activity: the case of Greece“. Journal of Property Investment & Finance 32, Nr. 1 (28.01.2014): 35–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jpif-08-2013-0051.
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Purpose – The aim of the paper is to discuss developments in non-residential real estate in Greece. Design/methodology/approach – Given the lack of existing literature, the authors start by discussing at length the data sources available, and analyzing the stylized facts of non-residential real estate activity in Greece. Finally, the authors examine the degree of covariation (using the index of concordance methodology) between non-residential real estate and the business cycle. Findings – The results indicate that the structure of non-residential sector is highly fragmented into various sub-categories and at the initial stages of its developments, it was strongly affected by the preparations for the 2004 Athens Olympic Games. Finally, despite its small share of total GDP, non-residential real estate exhibits a significant degree of covariation with the business cycle. Practical implications – The extracted information may be a useful resource for those interested in the developments in non-residential real estate in Greece and the covariation of key variables with the business cycle. Originality/value – The paper constitutes a systematic research approach for the role of non-residential real estate in the Greek economic activity.
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Wang, Guo Xin, Ke Yin Xu, Ju Hui Zhang, Jian Hao Yao und Hui Fang Shen. „A Study on the Energy Consumption of Zhejiang New Rural Residential Buildings Based on LCA Theory“. Advanced Materials Research 919-921 (April 2014): 1699–702. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.919-921.1699.
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Based on Life Cycle Assessment Theory (LCA Theory), the problems of Zhejiang new rural residential buildings at different stages of life cycle were analyzed. LCCM method of engineering project were adopted to highlight the influence of economic factors on energy-saving process and analyze the energy consumption of Zhejiang new rural residential buildings,so as to put forward reasonable energy-saving measures.
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Prajapat, Milana, Bharat RajPahar und Shree Raj Shakya. „Analysis of Grid Tied Solar Rooftop System: A Case Study on Stars Homes, Sitapaila, Nepal“. Journal of Advanced College of Engineering and Management 6 (08.07.2021): 61–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jacem.v6i0.38319.
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Most of the nation demand is from the residential sector. Thus, the objective of this paper is to supply the required energy from the same demand point from the solar PV installed in the residential sector that is technically feasible for the given sector. The survey is conveyed on Star Homes(Residential Sector) situated at Sitapaila, Kathmandu. The total potential for installation of PV on useable areas of the rooftop of Stars Homes is calculated to be 253.2 kWp. For the comparative analysis in this paper, the isolated PV system is designed/ analysed using PV-SYST and the grid tied PV including/excluding battery is designed/analysed using SAM(System Advisory Model) software for one of the Type 1 home with annual demand of 2208 kWh. In grid interactive PV system with battery, the peak shaving and backup power during outage is facilitated and also the excess energy is supplied to the grid as well.Theenergy generated from the designed system for type I system with 3.9 kWp grid tied system is 6483 kWh and with 3.9 kWp grid interactive system with battery size of 5.2kWh Lithium Ion is 6454 kWh annually. Similarly, energy generated from designed system of standalone with 1.62 kWp PV and battery size26V, 322Ah system is 3066.6 kWhannually out of which 795kWh is lost annually due to full battery charged conditions. The LCOE considering 25 years life time with 7.5 % loan interest for 15 years for type I with standalone system is 21 cents/kWh, grid tied PV system is 4.94 cents/kWh and with grid tied PV battery system is 6.73 cents/kWh. The peak shaving obtained from the grid tied with battery system compared to the grid tied system is 0.8 kW. The net saving on electricity bill for grid tied system is 516$ and for grid tied system with battery is 526$ annually considering net metering.
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Wen, Ting, Yu Liu, Jin Wang, Wuxing Zheng und Teng Shao. „Correlation Between Density of Residential Areas and Solar Energy Potential in Xining City“. E3S Web of Conferences 217 (2020): 02001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202021702001.
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In urban scale, solar energy utilization potential is closely related to residential density. Taking Xining City as an example, this paper explored how density of urban residential area affects solar energy utilization potential of urban housing. By changing density related design variables , including building layout, density rate, floor-site area ratio and the number of floors, 36 general models of residential areas with low, medium and high density are Abstracted. The results show that solar energy utilization potential of buildings varies greatly with different density related design variables. Comparison of a number of different scenarios reveals how density related variables affect solar energy utilization potential, based on which suggestions for optimization of solar energy potential for urban residential areas in their initial planning and design stages are proposed.
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Lopez-Martin, Victor M., Francisco J. Azcondo und Alberto Pigazo. „Power Quality Enhancement in Residential Smart Grids Through Power Factor Correction Stages“. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics 65, Nr. 11 (November 2018): 8553–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tie.2018.2813965.
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Ko, Hsien-Tang, und Hsi-peng Lu. „Determinants of Adopting Intelligent Broadband Services in Residential Community“. International Journal of E-Adoption 4, Nr. 1 (Januar 2012): 11–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jea.2012010102.
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Through theoretical and empirical analysis, this study shows that the integration of the TAM model with media influence, government influence, perceived benefits, and personal innovativeness is applicable for explaining the adoption of intelligent broadband services in residential community. The authors also compare the difference between the determinants among three user groups according to diffusion stages in the innovation diffusion theory. Based on a survey of 1,120 participants, strong support was found for the model. Results indicate that personal innovativeness is the most important factor affecting the behavioral intention to adopt intelligent broadband services in residential community among all three groups. Results of this study provide a valuable reference for broadband service providers in residential community to approach different user groups with differentiated marketing strategies.
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Lin Lee, Chyi. „The inflation-hedging characteristics of Malaysian residential property“. International Journal of Housing Markets and Analysis 7, Nr. 1 (25.02.2014): 61–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijhma-10-2012-0053.
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Purpose – This study aims to extend the current literature by examining the inflation-hedging effectiveness of Malaysian residential property in the short run and long run. Malaysia is an emerging market and has some unique characteristics. Therefore, a dedicated study in this market is critical. Design/methodology/approach – The analysis of this study involves two stages. The first stage is to estimate the inflation-hedging ability of Malaysian residential property in the short run. The Fama and Schwert model was employed. Thereafter, the long-run inflation-hedging effectiveness was assessed by using a dynamic ordinary least squares (DOLS) model. Findings – The Fama and Schwert tests reveal that Malaysian residential property does provide some satisfactory hedge against the expected inflation component over the short run. However, variations are evident among different types of residential property. The DOLS results provide strong evidence to support that housing is an effective hedge against the expected inflation in the long run, whereas no comparable evidence is found for the unexpected inflation component. Practical implications – The findings enable more informed and practical investment decision-making regarding the role of housing in inflation risk management. Originality/value – This paper is the first study to offer empirical evidence of the inflation-hedging attributes of Malaysian residential property. Moreover, the inflation-hedging effectiveness of different types of residential property is also compared for the first time.
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Grigoreva, Larisa, und Vladimir Grigoryev. „Determination of sustainable values for the parameters of the construction of residential buildings“. E3S Web of Conferences 33 (2018): 03055. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20183303055.
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For the formation of programs for housing construction and planning of capital investments, when developing the strategic planning companies by construction companies, the norms or calculated indicators of the duration of the construction of high-rise residential buildings and multifunctional complexes are mandatory. Determination of stable values of the parameters for the high-rise construction residential buildings provides an opportunity to establish a reasonable duration of construction at the planning and design stages of residential complexes, taking into account the influence of market conditions factors. The concept of the formation of enlarged models for the high-rise construction residential buildings is based on a real mapping in time and space of the most significant redistribution with their organizational and technological interconnection - the preparatory period, the underground part, the above-ground part, external engineering networks, landscaping. The total duration of the construction of a residential building, depending on the duration of each redistribution and the degree of their overlapping, can be determined by one of the proposed four options. At the same time, a unified approach to determining the overall duration of construction on the basis of the provisions of a streamlined construction organization with the testing of results on the example of high-rise residential buildings of the typical I-155B series was developed, and the coefficients for combining the work and the main redevelopment of the building were determined.
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Kriyt, Vladimir E., Yuliya N. Sladkova und Olga V. Volchkova. „Major problems of microclimate indicator measurements indoors of residential and public buildings and ways to solve them“. Russian Journal of Occupational Health and Industrial Ecology 61, Nr. 5 (12.07.2021): 334–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.31089/1026-9428-2021-61-5-334-339.
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Human health and efficiency are largely determined by the microclimate conditions and the air quality in residential, public and industrial buildings in which people spend a significant amount of time. The existing methods of measuring microclimate indicators largely do not correspond to the changed regulatory framework, do not fully reflect all the stages of measurements, have contradictions and inaccuracies, which leads to errors in the measurement and evaluation of the results obtained. The purpose of this study was to develop guidelines for measuring microclimate indicators in residential and public buildings, leveling the existing contradictions in the current documents and meeting modern requirements. The analysis of the current methodological documents regulating the requirements for measuring microclimate indicators was carried out, the main problems encountered by specialists during measurements and evaluation of laboratory and instrumental studies of the microclimate were identified and systematized. To date, the only methodological document in the field of microclimate for residential and public buildings is GOST 30494-2011 "Residential and public buildings. Indoor microclimate parameters". This standard sets the requirements for the organization of control and allows to measure and evaluate the microclimate in almost any residential and public building. However, the standard presents requirements for measurement conditions that are practically unrealizable for many regions of Russia, unreasonably high requirements for measuring instruments (MI), which do not allow to take measurements by MI included in the State Register and having the appropriate scope of application, insufficient requirements for the criteria for the selection of premises and their preparation for an objective assessment of the microclimate parameters, inaccuracies in the presented formulas for calculating the resulting room temperature and inconsistencies in individual paragraphs of the document. There are also no requirements for processing and presenting measurement results. In this situation, the development of a methodology for measuring microclimate indicators in residential and public buildings is extremely relevant. This paper presents the main provisions of the developed draft methodology for measuring microclimate indicators in residential and public buildings at different stages of operation of research objects. The developed procedural guidelines determine the order, conditions for carrying out and minimum scope of instrumental control required for microclimate parameters in residential and public buildings that meet the requirements of sanitary legislation. In the process of procedural guidelines development inconsistencies and discrepancies of current procedural documents were considered as much as possible.
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Qu, Yanbo, Xiaozhen Dong, Lingyun Zhan, Hongyun Si, Zongli Ping und Weiya Zhu. „Scale Transition and Structure–Function Synergy Differentiation of Rural Residential Land: A Dimensionality Reduction Transmission Process from Macro to Micro Scale“. Land 10, Nr. 6 (17.06.2021): 647. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land10060647.
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In order to enhance the scientific understanding of the transition law of rural residential areas and enrich the theory and method system of land use transition research, this article takes Shandong Province as an example and constructs a comprehensive research framework of rural residential land scale, structure, and function from the perspective of the combination of the macro and micro scales based on differences between the rural residential areas in the region and the village scale forms. Using model quantitative analysis and horizontal comparative analysis methods, this paper explores the process characteristics of rural residential land use scale transition and the corresponding stage differentiation law of spatial structure and system function. Research has shown that the stage characteristics of the scale transition of rural residential land use in Shandong Province in the past 10 years are significant. The five transition stages—from the primary stage, low stage, intermediate stage, advanced stage, to the stable stage—show obvious spatial agglomeration and spatial autocorrelation, which are mainly driven by the positive and negative interactions of economic development, the policy environment, natural conditions, and population. With the gradual upgrading of the land use scale transition in rural residential areas, the spatial pattern of rural residential areas has been continuously optimized, the land use structure has tended to be balanced and complicated, and the living-production-ecological function as a whole has been strengthened. The essence of this type of differentiation is the differential performance of rural residential areas adapting their own conditions to the external environment. The transition of the rural residential area from the macro to the micro scale is also the process of realizing rural reconstruction and rural revitalization. In the future, under the framework of the “element–structure–function” system of rural residential areas, the rural transition and development should be continuously promoted through the support, organization, guidance, and promotion mechanisms of internal and external factors.
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Grimes, Seamus. „Residential Segregation in Australian Cities: A Literature Review“. International Migration Review 27, Nr. 1 (März 1993): 103–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/019791839302700105.
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In this review of literature dealing with the postwar immigrant experience in urban Australia, some of the key interpretations of residential segregation are assessed. The article focuses on studies which have examined ethnic clusters formed by southern Europeans in Sydney and Melbourne and more recently by Indochinese refugees. Much of the analysis to date has been based on measuring static residential patterns rather than social interaction, and the need to question the significance of ethnic concentrations which sometimes characterize the early stages of immigrant adaptation is suggested.
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Bucoń, Robert, und Anna Sobotka. „DECISION-MAKING MODEL FOR CHOOSING RESIDENTIAL BUILDING REPAIR VARIANTS“. Journal of Civil Engineering and Management 21, Nr. 7 (10.07.2015): 893–901. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/13923730.2014.895411.
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During the use of buildings it becomes necessary to carry out repair works including modernisation. Deciding on the choice of repair solutions is a difficult and complex task. Building administrators have to consider both, the benefits of some repair works, and limitations due to the availability of funds. Selection of a repair solution, bearing in mind the above, requires a comprehensive approach that will allow assessment of the building condition and determining the repair scope required. The research conducted by the authors was aimed at developing a decision-making model and its computer-aided implementation, taking into account a number of operating demands. The system algorithm proposed comprises five stages including: building condition assessment, building use value evaluation, repair classification, multiple variants of repair and the choice of repair solutions. The article describes individual stages of the model in detail, giving numerical application examples of the method for repair solution choice for five multi-family houses.
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KARAKOVA, T. V., und E. V. RYZhIKOVA. „HISTORICAL STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT OF INDUSTRIAL DWELLING IN RUSSIA“. Urban construction and architecture 1, Nr. 3 (15.09.2011): 92–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.17673/vestnik.2011.03.20.
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Modern building has ceased to surprise us for a long time already with beauty and originality of ideas of masters of design and architecture, constantly being improved and surpassing the most courageous expectations. But only twenty five years ago the construction of three- and five-floor houses which in the people named five-storey apartment blocks, enough the simple and simple mass constructions, served cozy houses for thousand people has been stopped. For today the compositespatial environment of residential areas is presented in the form of homogeneous space, the ordinary environment, gray weight. We analyze historical stages of development of industrial habitation in Russia.
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Guo, Ying, Steven J. Laux, Melissa Burdier, Peng Gao, Lena Q. Ma und Timothy G. Townsend. „Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in processed yard trash“. Waste Management & Research 38, Nr. 8 (28.05.2020): 825–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0734242x20925154.
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This work examines polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) concentrations in yard trash at various stages of the yard trash management cycle of collection, stockpiling, grinding and screening into mulch, and composting. Total extractable PAH concentrations were measured in yard trash at various management stages from 10 locations in Florida. The concentrations of 16 PAH compounds in processed yard trash ranged from 0.38 to 14 mg kg-1. PAH concentrations were detected in vegetative material harvested from a residential neighborhood, but were below the United States Environmental Protection Agency residential regional screening levels (RSLs). PAH concentrations near or above the RSLs were common in both unprocessed and processed yard trash collected at waste management facilities. PAH concentrations were amongst the highest in newly ground yard trash samples and were amongst the lowest in composted yard trash samples. These findings are important because land application of some waste materials, such as construction and demolition debris fines and street sweepings, are sometimes limited due to PAH. If processed yard trash, which is commonly land applied in residential settings, possesses similar PAH concentrations, evaluation of current risk assessment practices for land-applied wastes may require further examination.
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Jiang, Heng, Xiao-Hua Jin und Chunlu Liu. „The effects of the late 2000s global financial crisis on Australia’s construction demand“. Construction Economics and Building 13, Nr. 3 (18.09.2013): 65–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.5130/ajceb.v13i3.3602.
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An accurate measurement of the impacts of external shocks on construction demand will enable construction industry policymakers and developers to make allowances for future occurrences and advance the construction industry in a sustainable manner. This paper aims to measurethe dynamic effects of the late 2000s global financial crisis on the level of demand in the Australian construction industry. The vector error correction (VEC) model with intervention indicators is employed to estimate the external impact from the crisis on a macro-level construction economic indicator, namely construction demand. The methodology comprises six main stages to produce appropriate VEC models that describe the characteristics of the underlying process. Research findings suggestthat overall residential and non-residential construction demand were affected significantly by the recent crisis and seasonality. Non-residentialconstruction demand was disrupted more than residential construction demand at the crisis onset. The residential constructionindustry is more reactive and is able to recover faster following the crisis in comparison with the non-residential industry. The VEC model with intervention indicators developed in this study can be used as an experiment for an advanced econometric method. This can be used to analyse the effects of special eventsand factors not only on construction but also on other industries.
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Clancy, Anne, und Marianne Mahler. „Nursing staffs’ attentiveness to older adults falling in residential care - an interview study“. Journal of Clinical Nursing 25, Nr. 9-10 (24.03.2016): 1405–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jocn.13240.
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Smith, Brett, und Doina Olaru. „Lifecycle Stages and Residential Location Choice in the Presence of Latent Preference Heterogeneity“. Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 45, Nr. 10 (Januar 2013): 2495–514. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/a45490.
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Malavenda, Giuseppe A., Giuseppe Musolino, Corrado Rindone und Antonino Vitetta. „Residential Location, Mobility, and Travel Time: A Pilot Study in a Small-Size Italian Metropolitan Area“. Journal of Advanced Transportation 2020 (17.08.2020): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8827466.
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This research concerns the topic of Land Use and Transport Interaction (LUTI) models. In particular, the patterns between residential households’ location and mobility choices are analyzed and simulated. The attributes that influence household residential location choices belong to four categories: socioeconomic and mobility attributes of households and/or of their components; land use; real-estate market; transport system. The paper presents the results of a pilot study on households’ location and mobility patterns in the metropolitan area of Reggio Calabria (Southern Italy). The pilot study is divided into two stages. In the first stage, a survey allowed to collect information and identify existing patterns about residential and mobility choices of a sample of households. In the second stage, a residential location model is proposed and some preliminary calibrations are presented in a prototypal way. The pilot study could be extended and improved in terms of spatial extension and sample dimension in order to allow a complete specification-calibration-validation process of the model. The model development can support the land use-transport planning process in the Metropolitan City of Reggio Calabria.
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A. Mustaza, M. S., M. A. M. Ariff und Sofia Najwa Ramli. „An extensive review of energy storage system for the residential renewable energy system“. Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 18, Nr. 1 (01.04.2020): 242. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v18.i1.pp242-250.
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Energy storage system (ESS) plays a prominent role in renewable energy (RE) to overcome the intermittent of RE energy condition and improve energy utilization in the power system. However, ESS for residential applications requires specific and different configuration. Hence, this review paper aims to provide information for system builders to decide the best setup configuration of ESS for residential application. In this paper, the aim is to provide an insight into the critical elements of the energy storage technology for residential application. The update on ESS technology, battery chemistry, battery charging, and monitoring system and power inverter technology are reviewed. Then, the operation, the pro, and cons of each variant of these technologies are comprehensively studied. This paper suggested that the ESS for residential ESS requires NMC battery chemistry because it delivers an all-rounded performance as compared to other battery chemistries. The four-stages constant current (FCC) charging technique is recommended because of the fast charging capability and safer than other charging techniques reviewed. Next, the battery management system (BMS) is recommended to adapt in advance machine learning method to estimate the state of charge (SOC), state of health (SOH) and internal temperature (IT) to increase the safety and prolong the lifespan of the batteries. Finally, these recommendations and solutions aimed to improve the utilization of RE energy in power system, especially in residential ESS application and offer the best option that is available on the shelf for the residential ESS application in the future.
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Kryzhantovska, O. A., T. S. Rumilec und T. T. Morozova. „HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF THE FORMATION OF HIGH-DENSITY LOW-STOREY RESIDENTIAL BUILDING“. Regional problems of architecture and urban planning, Nr. 14 (29.12.2020): 136–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.31650/2707-403x-2020-14-136-142.
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The article discusses key issues related to the historical prerequisites for the formation of a high-density low-rise residential development. This is a complex and long process, the stages of which took place at different times and in different countries of the world. Today, such a building is very promising for modern rapidly growing cities, so it is important to track the history of its formation and the features of such planning decisions at different times. Such architecture can become a new vector in the development of modern cities, because low-rise residential buildings are much more comfortable than high-rise buildings. The article gives examples of low-rise city houses in different histories and in different countries. The aim of this work is to review the historical background of the formation of modern high-density low-rise buildings. The following historical examples of low-rise high-density buildings are considered: early single-family residential buildings of the ancient settlements of Mesopotamia and Egypt, residential buildings in Ancient Greece and Rome, blocked residential buildings for workers in the 19th century. In the UK, townhouses of the 1920s and 30s. In the USA, etc. The article shows the planning decisions and the appearance of low-rise high-density residential buildings. The main features of such houses are quarterly development, large-scale man, blocked development and the presence of a small house area.
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Otto, Justin L., Qing H. Meade, Jeffrey L. Stafford und Patricia Wahler. „Library Lights Out“. Digital Library Perspectives 32, Nr. 3 (08.08.2016): 192–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/dlp-09-2015-0018.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to describe the development and implementation of Library Lights Out, an annual collaboration between the library and Housing & Residential Life at Eastern Washington University (EWU). This creative outreach program features collaborative educational and recreational activities, is a cost-sharing partnership and serves to further the organizational goals of both the library and Housing & Residential Life. Design/methodology/approach The John F. Kennedy Library at EWU was initially approached by Housing & Residential Life with the idea for an overnight event in the library, which became Library Lights Out. Student participants in this event spend the night in the library and participate in a variety of educational, team-building and fun programs, such as a library resources scavenger hunt and “capture the flag” in the library stacks. Library Lights Out has become an annual event funded primarily by Housing & Residential Life, facilitated by the library and driven by students. Findings Library Lights Out has been a successful partnership that benefits the library, students and Housing & Residential Life. Originality/value This paper adds to the limited body of literature on academic library outreach to residence halls by highlighting three unique aspects of Library Lights Out. First, it is a cost-sharing partnership which was initiated by Housing & Residential Life and not by the library. Second, it occurs in the library and not in the residence halls, unlike most library outreach to residence halls. Finally, it is an overnight sleepover event with a combination of an educational program and recreational activities and games.
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Vasileva, Anna V. „Transformation of approaches to the composition of residential house facades in Moscow in the 1930s“. Vestnik MGSU, Nr. 11 (November 2019): 1418–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.22227/1997-0935.2019.11.1418-1427.
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Introduction. The example of not implemented projects reveals the features of the stages of the formation of the architecture of residential building facades during the 1930s. Despite the considerable attention paid by researchers to various aspects of Soviet residential housing construction, studies on the formation of the architecture of the facades of residential buildings are not presented.
Materials and methods. The study applied comparative analysis to the projects, which were not carried out but published in professional journals of the considered period.
Results. It is possible to distinguish three stages in the principles of the construction of facade compositions of the houses belonging to the considered period. In the first projects of houses for specialists published in 1932 and 1933, one can identify two main directions of solving the problems of “development of cultural heritage and advanced construction technologies”. For both directions, tiered construction of the composition was typical. The first direction was “quoting” of classical prototypes in relation to the type of apartment building. The second principle of constructing the facade composition for residential buildings was the plastic enrichment and an increase in the number of functional elements inherent in residential architecture. The distinctive feature of the projects of the mid-1930s for both directions was the creation of multitier compositions with an increase in the share of direct use of elements carrying no functional load. Late in the 1930s, houses were transformed from point-to-point construction sites into complexes or parts of mainline ensembles. Both directions gradually mixed into each other due to the replacement of plastic functional elements with decorative ones.
Conclusions. Parallelly developing, the approaches to the construction of facade compositions of Moscow residential buildings undergone many transformations during the 1930s. The transformations led from a clear separation of approaches to their almost complete mixing. Stage-by-stage transformation is stipulated by the change in the allocation of new construction sites and by principles of design and construction process organization. Nevertheless, with detailed compositional analysis, one can reveal different approaches to facade architecture formation what suggests that several creative directions are maintained, even under the condition of the directive formation of the unified creative line of Soviet architecture.