Dissertationen zum Thema „Religion et droit – France – 17e siècle“
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Haran, Alexandre Yali. „Messianisme politique et rêve impérial en France aux XVIème et XVIIème siècles“. Paris 4, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA040084.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleStudy on the survival of medieval messianic ideas in France at the beginnings of modern times. Our thesis demonstrate the degree of vitality and importance that the notions of universal monarchy, empire and crusade assumed in the 16th and 17th centuries. Three major literary corpus are analyzed: predictions and panegyrics promising universal dominion to French monarchs, juridical treaties establishing the rights of France to the imperial crown, and works demonstrating the realm's supremacy over all other kingdoms of the world. Since the 15th century till the days of Louis 14th, a tradition established on the "religion de Reims" stipulated that the most-Christian kingdom, first catholic realm in the world, was engaged in a privileged alliance with divinity, as biblical Israel. The kingdom was intended to establish its domination on the entire universe unified in the roman faith, and to last till the end of times. This image was particularly cultivated by the disciples of Guillaume Postel. We emphasize in our study the enormous debt which nascent European nationalism owed to the Jewish concept of a nation founded on ethnic ties of blood that had contracted a privileged alliance with god and was invested with a providential mission
Bouvignies, Isabelle. „Éléments pour la reconstruction de la genèse de l'État de droit constitutionnel démocratique des guerres d'Italie (1494-1559) aux guerres de religion (1559-1589) : Machiavel, Bodin et la réforme française“. Paris 4, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA040222.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMachiavelian political thought emerged on the foreground of an obliteration of the religious conception of the world, among the disorders created by the wars of Italy. In France, Bodin thought, on the contrary, as wars of religion between Catholics and Protestants were at their most, was claiming that the “royal monarchy” was the only solution to avoid religious division — his proposition of a royal State is usually considered as a prefiguration of modern State. The rule of law appears actually as a legal structure for State. In fact, the concept of absolute sovereignty is the core of Bodin’s theological and political thought. The bodinian State is not founded on constitutional and democratic premises, but on a domestication of violence. After 1572, in the kingdom of France, immediate disciples of Calvin: Bèze, Duplessis-Mornay and Hotman, reacted to the royal violence. Their convictions were also religious, but founded on another conception of the relation between politics and religion. In some way, we can say that the modern State was born from this tension between absolute sovereignty — which is a conception of law — and a new conception of religion, inclining to autonomy, through the claim for individuals to practise their religion freely, and even under a State as warrant — which is another conception of law, and of the rule of law
Roucole, Fabien. „Prélats et hommes de guerre : Dans l'espace français au XVe siècle : Culture et pratiques“. Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM3090.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn the Middle Ages, Clerics bearing arms, often bishops, regularly appear. Both priests and secular lords, these men fight for various reasons: to serve the king, for the cause of the Church, or even for their own interests. This is a study of these prelates and of the cultural, legal and social norms that condition their behaviour: noble and military culture, various services owed to the the king, limits brought by canon law. The chosen period begins with the Great Schism (1378) and ends at the dawn of the Lutherian Reform (1517). In France, this time is marked by the omnipresence of war, especially in the first half of the century; prelates often have to take part in these conflicts. On the other hand, the Hundred Years War induce the development of new military institutions, which tend to discharge bishops and abbots from the old feudal obligations. Prelates who engage in warfare are only rarely punished, even the most scandalous ones.At the councils, critics are expressed against them, but they lead to no conclusion. In fact, many reasons may justify the conduct of fighting bishops
Aubert, Charles-Edouard. „Observer la loi, obéir au roi : les fondements doctrinaux de la pacification du royaume de l’édit de Nantes à la Paix d’Alès (1598-1629)“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Strasbourg, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021STRAA021.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe study of the doctrinal foundations of pacification between the years 1598 and 1629 calls for an analysis of the discourses held on peace from the edict of Nantes to that of Nîmes. This period is particularly propitious to try to highlight the guiding ideas for building peace of religion in the kingdom of France. The edict of pacification of Nantes promulgated in 1598 by king Henri IV re-establish the principle of legal toleration. The first analysts to comment this edict belong to the ideas of “Politiques” and they strive to demonstrate that the pacification relies on the application of fundamental principles which they attempt to explain. Their mission is to rehabilitate the obedience of the king’s authority, which is the absolute condition for peace. The death of king Henri IV in 1610 turns out to challenge the theories established by the “Politiques”. Since Henri IV can no longer testify the edict of Nantes, the Calvinists as well as the Catholics hold discourses questioning the obedience of the king and do not abide by the law anymore. This discord leads to the resumption of the war of religion until 1629
Wagner, Jacques. „Lecture et société dans le journal encyclopédique de Pierre Rousseau (1756-1785)“. Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987CLF20005.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleReputed to be indifferent to the literary demands of truth, good, and the beautiful, and doomed to a short-lived existence, the periodicals of the ancien regime served as passive mediums for documentary researches or statistical inquests until the "rhetorics of reading" unveiled various forms of enunciation and active cultural functions. Influenced by such trends this study aims mainly at throwing light on the working modes of a "reading machine". As a means of diffusion the periodical was also an instrument of conscious selection of catalogued books. The statistical inventory of its "library" reveals that the universe of extracts fashioned a picture of a culture including both current and traditional ideas as if the writers sought to placate the intellectual spheres by allying the search for novelty and the assertion of established truth. This hypothesis is examined in the course of an exhaustive analysis of the religious library of the j. E. The extracts gave the readers a picture of books which evolved between 1756 and 1785 from tormented insolence to the ease of conciliation. Such distorting work is quite noticeable in the three modes of reading that I have distinghished, namely, attenuation, deviation, and censorship, all three intended to facilitate the integration of contemporary works into an enlightened culture. The work of adjustment achieved by the j. E. Writers implied a model, that of a welcoming and pacified society in which the religious question would be settled, and learnt on a juridico-political discourse tinged with "richerism", humanitarianism, and tolerance. The standard extracts stands half way between the alienated word and pure thought. As a strategic mode of writing bearing the hallmark of the ethics of the lightened "honnête homme", and troubled by the rifts affecting the French nation, the j. E. Endeavoured to tighten the social web by promoting the communication between the opposite poles of the individual and the community, those of subjectivity and the norm, those of history and memory
Béguin, Katia. „Patrons et mécènes au Grand siècle : les princes de Condé (1630-1709)“. Paris 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA010685.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleHenri II de Bourbon initiated a fundamental evolution in the position of his lineage : the former rebel of Marie de Medicis's regency period became one of Richelieu's supports. The prince modified his clientele and saw his fortune considerably increased as well of his influence on the decisions of the monarchy. His son, the grand Conde, intended to reinforce this potential during the following regency time. But he was confronted to Mazarin's rival pretensions, the cardinal being eager to establish his own authority in the realm. This opposition changed into a mere struggle which determined the prince and his relatives to rejoin the frondeurs, nevertheless former enemies of his house. In short, the condean party was an instable and incongruous medley, which was rapidly dissolved. However, after seven years spent in the spanish army, the grand Conde renewed his ties with his father's network. This continuity was based upon self-reproduction and exclusive recruitment. The clients wanted to preserve and transmit such a profitable tradition of service. The prince and his son Henri-Jules remained very powerful, thanks to this patronage, until the end of the seventeenth century. During Colbert's policy of artistic centralization the grand Conde was still a very attractive patron of the arts, being open-minded and an active support for censored authors. He also protected his clients by defending them from judiciary and fiscal implications. In the government of burgundy, he kept diverting the tax flows, which proves his untouched ability in being a smart broker of the absolute state
Ollier, Sylvie. „Régime dotal et pratiques communautaires d'après les notaires de Draguignan (1655 à 1715)“. Nice, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997NICE0041.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDaniellou, Emmanuelle. „Les Enseignantes en Bretagne aux XVIIème et XVIIIème siècles : religion, éducation et société“. Université Marc Bloch (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005STR20019.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAlthough women were rarely taught to read and write in Brittany under the Old Regime, the education of girls was not totally ignored, it was even an importat factor of the Catholic Reform. The development of monasteries in the 17th century particularly helped educational establishmets. The Ursulin nuns who settled in the province were quickly perceived as being the ideal religious teacher because of their special vocation, educating the poor in classes during the day, and even boarding young girls. In fact a large majority of religious congregations and orders usually offered free education and boarding for the very poor. During the Age of enlightenment and parallel to this strong religious model, gradually emerged a movemet of lay women teachers for the young. And also several no-cloistered congregations were started in the 18th century thus promoting education in the rural areas. Teaching under the Old Regime appeared generally like apostolic work more than just giving access to the skills of reading, writing and arithmetic. Moreover it seems that education, far from being an elitist school system, offered a wide variety of schools open to young people from every class of society. Under the Old Regime, the popular opinion about educating girls was very certainly a major obstacle in systematically reaching all the girls to give them an education and to teach them to read and write : the structures existed but the mentality kept the teachers from attaining their objectives. Actually education for girls was limited to the time allotted for religious instruction which proved much too short to acquire even a minimum of reading and writing skills
Cassan, Michel. „Le temps des guerres de religion en Limousin vers 1550 et 1630“. Paris 4, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA040036.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleFrom the middle of the XVI th century to the fall of la Rochelle, the Limousins were facing three debates, the reformation in the years 1550-1564, the politic power from 1565 to 1602, the catholic reform and counter-reform after 1590 and the return of the "ligueurs" in their town. Four events merked this period - the late protestantism's penetration by the nobility's patronage or by a seignioral contestation. In this case, the urban elites which drived the movement, were probably justified in their action by Charles IX which deprived the ecclesiastical lords of their rights; - the politic urban emancipation during and at the end of the wars of religion; - the state's growing and the administrator's affirmation becoming an greater actor in the provincial political configuration after his victorious struggle against the league; - the reform and counter-reform animated by the devouts and accompagnied by the recombining of the catholic elite and destroying the still coexixtenetween. . . . Catholics and calvinist during the first XVII th century
Mantero, Anne. „La muse théologienne : poésie et théologie en France de 1629 à 1680“. Paris 4, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA040012.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis study turns its attention to the poems of doctrinal inspiration in the field of the French religious poetry of the 17th century, raising the question of the relationship between poetry and conceptual language. Here indeed theology is understood in the narrowest sense of the scientific dogma. Close analysis of the texts demonstrates it varies between a set of truths to be taught and the learning shared by both the poet and the reader, present in the verse expressed through allusion. First, the didactic works are considered for their coherence and their limits. Next, the point is to show how doctrinal considerations have aroused poetics seeming relatively original, once the teaching objective has been set aside. The attention paid to the function reserved to doctrinal terms allows to define the otherness that relates poem and theology. The metaphors and structure - of the sentence as well as the discourse - point out how theological problematics act upon the problematics of poetry
Leclerc, Lafage Valérie. „Montpellier au temps des troubles de religion : pratiques testamentaires et confessionnalisation (1554-1622)“. Bordeaux 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004BOR30058.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn the city of Montpellier, the Bas-Languedoc capital, the Wars of Religion are all the more furious because basically the town is divided almost equitably between Catholics and Protestants, but also because it is inhabited by Christians on the fringe of established confessions. The testamentary practices, widely developed countries where statute laws are prevailing, reveal not only the attitudes towards death, and the eschatologist expectations but also the social structures of an Ancien Regime population. Through testaments, we can discern a confessionalization process, never global but which varies according to the activity field which the individuals are implicated in. In the public sphere, to be catholic or protestant becomes, in the beginning of the seventeenth century, a social mark among others. In the religious sphere, a confessionalization appears when visible piety's practices are noticed, even if this period is marked by a catholic indifference and the incapacity of some Huguenots to break with age-old acts of Catholicism. If spiritual religiosity is considered, as expressed in testamentary invocations, the confessionalization fades away on the profit of an homogeneous relation that people keep up with God. All the paradox lies in a social confessionalization that pushes men to kill each other on the name of God when, fundamentally, they have never been so close
Maillard, Ninon. „Droit, réforme et organisation nationale d'un ordre religieux en France : le cas de l'Ordre des Frères Prêcheurs, 1629 -1660“. Toulouse 1, 2005. http://publications.univ-tlse1.fr/691/.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe origins of Dominican law as it applies to members of the Order in France are manifold. Internally, the General Chapter is the preeminent legislative body. The study of contemporary norms reveals the extensive nature of this institution's normative activity. Between capitulary meetings, supreme authority rests solely with the Master General. It is however subject to enforcement limitations throughout the territory of the Kingdom. Externally, Dominican law is bound by pontifical authority and must heed royal law. In most cases, pontifical letters are incorporated into Order legislation. Also, influence of Gallicanism, judicial review from the king and “appeal as from an abuse” recourse (appel comme d'abus) are strong hallmarks of a secular influence in the application of the law. In the early 17th century, though, the King, the Pope and Order authorities share a common objective: reforming the Order. Yet, the restoration of observance is internally focused: the Order's national organization is significantly disrupted by reform requirements, even as the superior law incorporates them without problem. The emergence of reform congregations, the creation of a remodeled hierarchy, the development of conflicts rooted in nationality and the establishment of the Noviciat Général disrupt everyday life. Dominican law successfully and swiftly adapted to these realities, thus avoiding trauma and dislocation. In 1660, provinces and congregations in France had survived reform while remaining firmly integrated within the Order's universal structure
Lanfranchi, Marie-Ange. „Le contenu politique de la religion face à la société corse, au 17ème siècle“. Nice, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996NICE2036.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleWhen Genoa imposes direct rule on Corsica, she effectively affirms her sovereing authority on the island, by giving the title of kingdom, a title accorded to Corsica several centuries earlier. This authority was affirmed firstly towards corsicans but also towards others powers and notably rome, from which she was waiting for respect. With the church, for example, she could either be opposed or united, giving religion a political dimension. Genoa will not relent in asserting her authority on the islanders, in reality it was more so to assert herself in relation to other countries. Shortcomings of the traditional system obliged to use of specific measures, notably religion, brotherhoods, seminaries, and especially spiritual missions, in this post-tridentin period, supporting the genoen process : the human government through spiritual government. Again, the political dimension of religion asserts itself as a governing tool
Tucker, Marie-Claude. „Maîtres et étudiants écossais à la faculté de droit de l'université de Bourges aux XVIe et XVIIe siècles“. Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997CLF20011.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleForty-five scottish students attended the faculty of law of the university of bourges, roughly between 1538 and 1625; three scots taught law there. The parts of the thesis are as follows: 1) a definition and a summary of the research methods, 2) an attempt to answer the following questions: why did the scots choose to study law, and what was the state of law teaching in scotland at the time? 3) a presentation of the historical context: the links between scotland and france on one side, the links between scotland and berry on the other, and the stuarts who remained in aubigny, 4) the caracteristics of the university of bourges and of its faculty of law: the teaching and the evolution of the institution over the period, 5) a complete prosopographical study of the scots, their antecedents, their experiences in bourges (letters, notes, books) and their carreers after bourges; the incidences. The study makes it clear that the presence of scottish students and masters at bourges is not an original feature, but corresponds rather to a double tradtion, temporal and cultural. The historical context was not preponderant, only favourable. The sole prestige of the faculty of law accounts for the mouvement. It is significant that those who became famous people in the juridical world in scotland studied law in bourges
Restif, Bruno. „La paroisse, cadre d'application de la Réforme catholique en Haute-Bretagne (diocèses de Rennes, Dol et Saint-Malo) : histoire d'un processus de transformation religieuse et culturelle (XVIe et XVIIe siècles)“. Rennes 2, 2004. http://books.openedition.org/pur/7058.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAs a "Ground study" of the Catholic Reformation, the present work intents to illustrate the process of cultural and religious transformation within the 469 parishes and chapels belonging to the dioceses of Upper Brittany (Haute-Bretagne), i. E. Rennes, Dol and Saint-Malo, from the middle of 15th to the beginning of the 18th century. The first part covers the parishes of Haute-Bretagne during a long 16th centuy. We first will outline the way parishes are being administered, and then try to understand at what degree the Church constitutes the Parish's centre ; finally we contemplate the clerical framing, the will to undertake reforms and appearing of new problems. The second part is dedicated to the main century of Catholic Reformation, i. E. The 17th century. The implementation of this movement is based both on the episcopal impetus and the reforming within the clergy, but furthermore on the admnistration of the fabriques. The ambition of extending christianisation is characterised by the action of devout elites, the preaching of the clergy, the Missions as well as by the development of worship brotherhoods. Besides, transformations related to the Sacral space, and the worship's magnificence bear witness of the links between liturgy and the pastoral influence. The third part is about the achievements and limits of the reforming action, both as to faiths and practices. We first aim to elucidate the matter of the transformation of the practices and inner conversions, and then illustrate changes and continuities in the field of devotion. Finally, the mutation and resistance of the Ancient World testify of the strategies' reality and success, but also the resistances and remains
Laurenti, Jean-Noël. „Valeurs morales et religieuses sur la scène de l'Académie royale de musique (1669-1737) : étude du Recueil général des opéras“. Paris 4, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA040104.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleCristescu-Boangiu, Raluca. „Objets d'art et de décoration dans les intérieurs domestiques montpelliérains à l'époque des troubles religieux (1560-1685)“. Montpellier 3, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007MON30010.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe present study’s purpose is to reconstitute, on the base of archive sources, mainly on the inventories usually dressed after the death of the house’s owner, Montpellier domestic interior during the religious conflicts (and even beyond those, until 1715) in its cultural and especially in its artistic dimension. By making the list of the inventoried decoration and art objects, we tried to define the terms usually employed to designate each category of objects, its character and style. The global analysis of the interiors, initially carried out by means of statistics, was further refined with certain particular aspects of these interiors: the possession of decoration, art objects or any other kind of cultural objects (like those intended for the religious practice, books or any sort of curiosity) by the different social backgrounds and the relationship between these types of objects and the confession of their owners are some of our principal interests. In order to highlight these aspects, we also studied some particular cases by analysing certain documents which appeared as particularly significant to us. By doing this, the main question we asked concerns the character of these interiors: collections or simple sets of objects?
Li, Shenwen. „Stratégies missionnaires des jésuites français en Nouvelle-France et en Chine au XVIIe siècle“. Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape15/PQDD_0013/NQ36297.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleRegad, Caroline. „Théoriser l'Etat, mesurer l'absolu : les juristes de Louis XIII et de Richelieu“. Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AIXM1059.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMeasuring the absolute: it is through this concept that the jurists of Louis XIII and Richelieu significantly contributed to the elaboration of a State based on the rule of law. The successors of the Légistes and the Politiques defined the foundations, criteria and limits of this notion of absolute, which they now had to measure. Being at the heart of the process, sovereignty was used as a genuine weapon. Throughout the first half of the reign, sovereignty, in its defensive sense, combined both the ideas of unity and independence. However, as of 1630, sovereignty became more offensive in nature in response to political radicalisation. Internal sovereignty thus followed its course, explicitly adding the concept of indivisibility to the structuring principle of unity. External sovereignty, on the other hand, underwent major changes: self-construction could no longer rely solely on implicit differentiation with others and it now implied having claims over other States. In doing so, internal and external sovereignty merged into souveraineté-puissance more so than into souveraineté-liberté; bearing in mind that today, the former refers to internal affairs and the latter to foreign affairs. It was not until 1648 and the peace treaties of Westphalia that interstate relations manifested a desire of stability. In other words, if the State emerged against other State entities, it grew stronger alongside them, within a pacified context. The affirmation of souveraineté-puissance depended on the prior constitution of a civil trinity of sorts, made-up of the now strengthened king, sovereignty and the State
Fernandez-Lacôte, Hélène. „Les procès du cardinal de Richelieu : droit, grâce et politique sous Louis le Juste“. Paris 8, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA082597.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleRiou-Perennes, Françoise. „Marins du roi et chevaliers de Malte (1626-1715)“. Tours, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003TOUR2027.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleButeyko-Bujon, Véronika. „Violence et criminalité sur les terres ukrainiennes au XVIe siècle : étude comparative (Pologne, Pays-Bas, France)“. Paris 13, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA131046.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBaisset, Didier. „Politique et religion dans le diocèse d'Elne (1659-1715) : contribution à l'étude du processus d'assimilation de la province du Roussillon au royaume de France“. Toulouse 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997TOU10011.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn 1659, the peace treaty of the pyrenees devosts roussillon to beome part of france, but not making an much roussillon a province folly french. The transition was more or less slow according to the de dominious, alway gradual and oftea incomplete. It was not sufficient to remove the spanish domination from roussillon and its military hold : it was still necessary to organize this conquest and wia the hearte of the people, exasperated by years of war. Centuries of communal life and the identity of the language had beew wovea between roussillon and catalogne, closely knit tiea that a troety could not erase. The period following the treaty of the pyrenees lead to considerable uphevel in the province. In this troubled climate, the monarchy put into action a strategy to bring into lise the establishment on a human and cultural level. At the heart of this contriveance the diocese of Elne played xx a crucial role. This study goes contary to the dominant historiography on the subject projecting the analysis from the center towards the periphery, suggesting in general terms the process of adaption of the province, in order to appreciate what were the true political and religious stakes at the time. Moreover this consideration trys to give a dimension in comparing the local situation with other adjacent provinces of the kingdom, annexed during the 17th. Century. Certainly, it remains undeniable that the total integration of roussillon inte france truely happened only with the 3td. Republic. However, one would not dare to question the willingness of the monarchy's government under louis x1v. For this transition, and one can agree to recognize the power and efficiency of the governmental machine of the french monarch between 1659 and 1715
Maral, Alexandre. „La chapelle royale de Versailles sous Louis XIV : architecture, institutions, liturgie“. Paris 4, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA040041.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleFive chapels succeeded each other between 1661 and 1715. The chapel built in 1672, whose decoration was mainly due to Le Brun, was the most remarkable of the first three, whose existence was nevertheless very short. The chapel built in 1682, designed to be temporary, lasted in fact until 1710. Its internal decoration can be easily reconstituted. The last chapel, consecrated in 1710, was planned and built over a period of twenty years, and to the boldness of its architectural style it adds an amazing richness in its deeply symbolical iconography. The services of the chapel royal of Versailles were ensured by two groups of ecclesiastics: the king's household officers and, after the installation of the court at Versailles in 1682, the priests of the mission, also known as lazarists. Each of these institutions carried out precise functions, which have been rediscovered thanks to the sources coming from the officers of the king's household and the regulations of the chapel. It is through this latter document as well as the contemporary chronicles that the everyday life of the chapel can be reconstituted. The liturgical ceremonies, during which music was given a very important place, were numerous and varied. The fathers of the mission performed them with an immutable regularity, while the ecclesiastical officers of the king's household followed the movements of the court. Besides the ordinary masses and offices, which were identical to those performed in parish churches throughout the kingdom, some ceremonies in the presence of the king and his family took place in the chapel at Versailles. These particularly included princely baptisms and weddings, feasts of the order of the saint-esprit, bishops’ oaths and cardinals' receptions. In other respects, the almost sacerdotal function of the most Christian king was expressed by some rites which attributed an episcopal role to the king, like those of the aspersion of holy water, the kissing of the gospels and of the corporal, the incensing, the celebrant's bows. All these elements enable us to establish a coherent understanding of the king's religion in the context of the daily life of the French court at Versailles
Bundalo, Anja. „La construction et la déconstruction des modèles de l'absolutisme éclairé dans l'Europe des Lumières“. Thesis, Tours, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TOUR2019/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe French philosophers of the Age of Enlightenment, especially in the second part of the eighteenth century, endeavoured to specify the cases in which inequality and the limitations of freedom would be in accordance with natural laws in order to propose precepts for a blossoming life. By doing so, they opened the way to the formation of enlightened absolutism, a model of government that finds its legal foundations in the Natural Law Theory Developed largely part by Voltaire, who put it in the direct relation with the ideology of “classical” absolutism, the ideology of enlightened absolutism had as its principal goal the creation of a strong state. Having embraced the philosophers’ precepts, the “enlightened monarchs” or “philosopher kings” founded the evidence of such a policy on language, fashion, and especially on the confidence in a progress that France had been able to promote
Valensise, Marina. „Le Droit royal à l'époque absolutiste : la légitimation des bâtards de Louis XIV et leur habilitation à succéder à la couronne“. Paris, EHESS, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991EHES0012.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis dissertation rests on a limited case sqtudy which furnished an extraordinary means to investigate one of the mysteries of french history, that of a monarchy as incapable of saving its constitutional tradition as of creating new institutions. This inquiry is based on the records of events and the analysis of their intellectual pre,ises. It studies the legitimation of royal bastards within the framework of civil law. It reconstructs their symbolic elevation within the system of natural inequality which represents the ideological basis of old regime. It finally analyzes the first constitutional debate on the nature of french monarchy, before the revocation under the regency of the measures enacted by louis xiv. The concept of royal sovereignty is at stake in the first section: legitimating natural children is a mark of sovereignty, a bodin says, and brings out the theological origins of this concept, shaped by jurists on the model of divine omnipotence. The justification of ranks and social hierarchy refers to the theological doctrine of grace, analyzed in its political implications in the light of the debate on salvation opposing jansenists and jesuits. The trial of bastards illustrates the contraints of a new political procedure that perpetuates the logic of a power which it tries
Roger, Thomas. „La perception de l'étranger dans le droit des marchands et négociants (XVIe - XVIIIe siècles)“. Thesis, Rennes 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014REN1G044.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe perception of foreigners in the right of merchants and traders revealed the existence of a special law for these professionals. Indeed, political circumstances such as wars or economic factors have impacted the live and the work of the mercatores and negociatores. Meanwhile, from the sixteenth to the eighteenth century, the development of royal powers changed the framework and minds concerning these professionnals. These contexts have impacted both jus mercatorum, customary rules, royal ones or applicable case law. Similarly, a comparative legal analysis will be regularly conducted to shed light from the law practiced beyond the borders of the royal state. It will be seen that only circumstantial events, momentary and partial ones could lead to some acceptance. The production of legal norms encouraging French traders' installation abroad also characterizes the time between the sixteenth and the eighteenth centuries
Clarke, de Dromantin Patrick. „Droit privé et assimilation des étrangers : histoire de l'insertion d'une famille irlandaise jacobite refugiée en France de la fin du 17e siècle au début du 20e siècle (1690-1914)“. Bordeaux 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992BOR1D025.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe purpose of this study is to retrace the history of the integration over two centuries of an irish jacobite family which found refuge in france after the defeat of king james ii at the battle of the boyne in 1690. Numerous documents of civil law are examined such as marriage contracts, wills, inheritance inventories housing purchases, the incorporation of companies, employment contracts for ships crews, naturalization certificates, and legalised acknowledgements of nobility. It constitutes a contribution to our knowledge of the jacobite movement and of its influence on french society in the 18th century
Petit-Bancquart, Véronique. „Des âmes à l’épreuve : le protestantisme nobiliaire bas-normand dans la tourmente (1661-1787, généralité de Caen)“. Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCD035.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis paper relates the decline of protestantism in the nobility of Lower Normandy , confined to the generality of Caen, from the beginning of the personal reign of Louis XIV in 1661, marked by a policy aimed at Huguenot particularism, up to the the return of tolerance in 1787. It draws, for the years preceding the Revocation, the shaded portrait of a heterogeneous nobility, united nevertheless by a deep attachment to the calvinism inherited from their forebears, and by the numerous family and social ties which formed so many backbone networks in a distinctive but by no means isolated group. Attacked by the first anti-protestant measures adopted by Louis XIV, restricted in their freedom to practise their faith, prevented from fulfilling their ambitions and pursued right up to the intimate sphere of their family homes, the reformed nobility tottered but did not fall and began to show, both as individuals and as a group, a spirit of resistance, founded on their natural propensity for procedural quarrels. The Revocation, by its violence and its repressive measures directed at the nobility, resulted in the break down of protestantism in the nobility of Lower Normandy, within the very sanctuary of the family unit and harboured deep dissension among converts, fugitives, and stubborn individuals whose facial expressions were sometimes difficult to read, when they hid behind the mask of crypto-protestantism. The XVIIIth century took on twilight hues in the obscurity of the Desert which sorely afflicted the souls who hence resisted under cover. Weakened as much by the final blows delivered by the authorities as by internal factors which compromised the renewal of generations, the protestantism of the nobility belonged, more and more to a vanishing world
Aracil, Adrien. „Histoire d'une liberté dans la France moderne. Protestants, politique et monarchie (vers 1598 - vers 1629)“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022SORUL071.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis thesis questions the political history of the French Reformers at the beginning of the seventeenth century through the prism of the notion of freedom : freedom as a defense of the legal gains conferred by the Nantes edict regime, but also as a capacity for action. Far from considering the Huguenots as the passive victims of an «all Catholic France», it considers them as political actors. This capacity to act is analysed in two stages: first, we examine the characteristics underlying this freedom of action in the context of the seventeenth century, through a study of the place given to institutions, memory, union and language in Reformed practices. We then study the «implementation» of this political freedom, questioning the evolutions of the Huguenot party, from the relationship to the institutions, to the nobility, to the language strategies following the death of Henri IV. Finally, we dedicate a last part to the «killing» of this political culture: the end of the Huguenot party, widely documented, is not the result of internal dissension, but of a political will that seeks to attack this freedom
Libral, Florent. „Une forme d’écriture entre rhétorique, savoirs optique ou perspectif, et religion : la similitude visuelle (1600-1666)“. Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011TOU20118.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe “similitude visuelle” (“visual simile”) is a form of comparison – written as a parallel – important in religious prose and poetry in France between 1600 and 1666. This comparison creates a link between physical phenomenons of light and vision on one side, and a religious matter on the other side. This figure keeps improving its scientific and religious components, and at the same time follows the evolution of Science, Rhetorics and main theological currents, which means the “similitude visuelle” is open to its society. However, the “similitude visuelle” gets scarce until the 1660 decade. This work aims at understanding why a figure which is able to renew its scientific foundations has to face such a decline. In reality, the “similitude visuelle” is dying because the mere idea of a likeness between material and spiritual realities is in contradiction with the evolution of Seventeenth Century Culture. As a matter of fact, authors who use this form believe that the science of Optics can be useful to religion, whereas the two domains are getting loose; the “similitude visuelle” assumes that the world is full of signs of the divinity, whereas theology, under a strong Augustinian current, is giving up this idea. Gradually, similitude must leave its first aim, which was God’s knowledge, in order to become a tool for religious moralists, which is the first step towards the secularisation and the death of this figure
Crettaz-Nédey, Corinne. „L'économie des Pensées de Pascal : un itinéraire spirituel“. Paris 4, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA040077.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn Pascal's Pensées, the knowledge matter is the point from which the seventeenth century anthropocentric view of the world -embodied in Montaigne and Descartes- turns to a christocentric one inherited from the Pauline and the Augustinian theology. The working on the conversion of the Pascalian Apologetics is a process that [I] reveals this spiritual path that turns the homo interior of the Philosophy and Sciences into [II] this homo viator, who is finally conceived as a fallen being since the original sin, to become [III] a homo religious thought as a membrer of the Christ's Body with a metamorphosed heart. The Pascalian recusation of the Self and of the Reason is coupled with a recusation of the Philosophy in aid of the Theology that will act on restoring the Human Being to his middle position between the two infinites and on reaching God and Sense with the knowledge that the Hermeneutics of scripturary message of the Church gives
Hyun, Mi-ae. „Edition critique et commentaires de "Traité de religion contre les athées, les déistes et les nouveaux pyrrhoniens" de Michel Mauduit“. Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994CLF20065.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe object of our study is a critical edition of the traite de religion contre les athees, les deistes et les nouveaux pyrrhoniens (religious treaty against the atheists, the deists and the new pyrrhonians). This treaty, of which the author is father michel mauduit (16341709) was published in 1677, and modified and increased by the author himsel in the second edition (1698). First and foremost, what draws our attention to his treaty is its connction with the pensees of pascal, especially with the fragment "infini rien" or "wager" (laf. 418 - sel. 680). In his preface, mauduit admits explicity his debt to pascal. However, mauduit uses the argument of the wager in combination with a number of other arguments. Historical and traditional which distorts pascal's original text. Whereas pascal insits on the rational obligation to "wager" on the truth of religion. Mauduit seeks to prove that truth, and his proofs logically make the wager unnecessary. Our thesis consists in two volumes. The first comprises an analysis of the arguments of the treaty, study of contemporary critics and a compariason with the pensee of pascal. In the second volume, we reproduce the second edition of the treaty with the variants of the first edition
Amaarref, Amina. „Le visible et l'invisible dans la spiritualité de Pascal“. Paris 4, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA040211.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe theme of the visible and the invisible is beginning as a leitmotiv in the all works of Pascal so as this spiritual theme is at Augustinian’s inspiration and it found the spiritual doctrine of the great apologist: the whole creation is an image of god. Therefore, this theme is it wonderfully good orchestrated in the letter 4, to Miss Roannez, written just after the saint-Thorn's miracle. It is true, like M. Jean Mesnard propose it, in his study of the memorial, "that the eye and spirit are requested at the same time" (in Pascal, Œuvres completes p. 45). Certainly, Pascal is also a great poet for ever this work is buoyed with a wonderful lyricism mystic
Giraudier, Fanny. „Les Grands et le roi : pouvoir et contestation à la cour des premiers Bourbons (1589-1629)“. Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSE2137.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe aim of this thesis is to understand the relationships between the King and the nobles at the end of the Wars of Religion. This period is marked by a weakening of the royal authority and the division of nobility between factions with different religious faiths. In order to restore order in the kingdom, the King must rely upon nobles whose vocation is to bear arms. However, many nobles don’t recognize him like as a legitimate sovereign. Through war, negotiations and a wise policy of legitimation, Henri IV achieves his goal of rallying them behind his authority. This thesis aims to understand this reconciliation process, on what basis it is founded and how nobles contribute to redefine royal power. Even though peace has been restored since 1598 with the Peace of Vervins and the Edict of Nantes, protests of nobility are not shut and flared several times until 1629. The modalities of the revolt are at the heart of this thesis, that is, the way nobles express their discontent and justify their oppositions against the sovereign. The court provides an ideal environment for the observation of the power dynamics between the King and nobles, men and women. The choice of the period from 1589 up to 1629 allows one to follow the evolution of the relations with the monarchical authority and evaluate the weight of honor, driving force of nobility action as well as the defense of faith in the nobles’ positions. This extensive period allows to apprehend how nobility protests contribute to the building of the monarchy during a period marked by religious conflicts
Volpe, Tony. „Science et théologie dans les débats savants de la seconde moitié du XVIIe siècle : la Genèse dans les Philosophical Transactions et le Journal des Savants (1665-1710)“. Paris, EPHE, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003EPHE5017.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn the 17th century, in the « Republic of Letters », the communication was facilitated by the foundation in 1665 of both first scientific periodicals: Journal des Savants in Paris and Philosophical Transactions on London. A statistical analysis in the fields of the astronomy, mathematics and physics, from 1665 until 1710, shows that both periodicals underwent a divergent evolution. Then their comparative study, through connections between the Genesis and the science, allows to analyse the difference between the French and English erudite circles in the reception of the works and in the perception of the ideas expressed there
Misono, Keisuke. „Ecrire contre le jansénisme au XVIIe siècle : Léonard de Marandé polémiste vulgarisateur“. Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009CLF20004.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleGriffet, Anne. „Justice et pouvoir dans la tragédie classique de 1634 à 1677“. Thesis, Paris 4, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA040198.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn the 17th century, the French tragedy flourished in a particular political context opening a path for much questioning regarding the right to govern. Louis XIII's reign was followed by Anne of Austria's Regency in 1643, and Louis XIV’s construction of an absolute monarchy, accelerated by the death of Mazarin in 1661. Moreover, the young sovereign struggled with the strong hostility of the parliament and the nobles who threatened his authority. It is to be wondered then, how the French tragedy sets a complementarity between aesthetic stakes and political and legal ones, how the questions of law it raises when it considers the different legal problems, which the power can face, lead to the confrontation between characters, letting the dramatist give birth to emotions specific to the tragedy genre while giving (the reader) much to think about? Dramatic tensions can first come from conflicts between criteria justifying the prince’s empowerment - legal criteria (birth, marriage) and factual criteria (merit, popular support, ability to withdraw from authority). Then, dramatists can root the tragic crisis in the judicial exercise of the sovereign, who deliberates, judges, makes laws, rules, decides upon peace or war. Finally, the feelings of fear and mercy prescribed by Aristotle can come from the omnipresence of injustice in the upper reaches of power – a medley of public and private subjection, betrayal, and the unsuitable use of the reason of State
Rousseau, Claire. „L'Ordre des Prêcheurs au miroir de l'estampe française et flamande (1594-1720)“. Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUL096.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis thesis focuses on the representation of the members of the Dominican Order as found in seventeenth century engravings. It seeks to examine the role of the French and Flemish engravers commissioned by the Order of Preachers in order to stress its social and moral importance. The engravings are an integral part of an artistic heritage with his own language, challenging our perception of the Dominican story, and more generally of the history itself. This has enabled us to question the contribution and the capacity of images either to reflect or to distort, like a mirror, the spiritual life and the theological debates in both the Church and in society during the seventeenth century
Normand, Maxime. „Sagesse classique : Sapiential biblique et littérature morale dans la seconde moitié du dix-septième siècle en France“. Paris 4, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA040037.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn this doctoral thesis, our goal is to assess, describe and interpret the intertextuality of the Wisdom Books (Job, Proverbs, Ecclesiastes, Wisdom, Ecclesiasticus) in the major works of the four great classical moralists : Pascal, La Rochefoucauld, La Fontaine and La Bruyère. An examination of the literary and historical context reveals how biblical wisdom literature permeates the classical period. In our first part, we analyse the sapiential intertextuality by focusing on the use of commonplaces or topoi. This topical use of the Wisdom Books is particularly significant in the Fables of La Fontaine and the Caractères of La Bruyère. In our second part, we examine the philosophical and theological impact of the Wisdom Books. Ecclesiastes, in its criticism of illusions and in its "epicurean" moments, appears as a fundamental reference for the four moralists. For them, the Wisdom Books seem more particularly devoted to the expression of human misery. However, religious and inspired wisdom infuses many pages of Pascal's work. In our third part, we show that the Wisdom Books constitute a rhetorical model for the moralists, especially concerning brevity and discontinuity. This model, weakly constraining for La Rochefoucauld, stronger, but not preponderant in La Fontaine and La Bruyère, proves to be essential for Pascal, and especially the Pascal of the Pensées
Gaumy, Tiphaine. „Le chapeau à Paris. Couvre-chefs, économie et société, des guerres de Religion au Grand Siècle (1550-1660)“. Thesis, Paris, Ecole nationale des chartes, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ENCP0001/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn the first half of the early modern period, time of political and religious troubles, and of great geographical discoveries that opened new trade opportunities, we approached the subject of hat and headdresses history in their technical, commercial (in the capital, the Court, the kingdom and abroad), esthetical (evolutions of forms, embroideries, feathers, hat badges) and social ways (manners and signification of wearing them). In the peculiar Parisian context of this period, this trade, changed by the apparition of beaver and the social obligation to have everybody’s head covered, has a deep impact not only on the evolution of the Parisian hatters’ wealth but also on Parisians’ and Courtiers’ wardrobes themselves. Without headdresses preserved, details about them are scattered in documentary sources: for example, we can find them in the writings of authors and moralizing people, in engravings of French people like Abraham Bosse, in works of Flemish painters like Jan Miense Molenaer, but also in criminal archives where they can be sometimes even motives of murder! Far from just being clothing accessories, headdresses in the early modern period are essential to socialize and characterize human beings: through them, we can grasp national identity, age, wealth, profession, social status and knowledge of civility rules (especially to raisesomebody’s cap to someone, a tradition established from medieval times). Also, at that time, their importance is reconsidered because of the challenge by the Protestants about their social significance and by the discovery of new societies with other relation to clothes, which put the traditional and European approach into perspective
Dosquet, Emilie. „Le feu et l'encre : la "désolation de Palatinat" : guerre et information politique dans l'Europe de Louis XIV : Angleterre - France - Provinces-Unies - Saint-Empire“. Thesis, Paris 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA01H069.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis dissertation focuses on the “Desolation of the Palatinate”, and examines through this case study the interrelations of war and political information in Europe at the end of the 17th century. The “media tetrahedron of early modern Europe”, which was made up of the Dutch Republic, France, Britain, and the Holy Roman Empire, is the geographical frame of this research. This work demonstrates why and how some French operations with a compound strategic logic, a composite chronology and a changing geography became a distinct and meaningful historical unit. This research emphasizes the complex fabrication of this event known today as the “Desolation of the Palatinate”. It studies both the military operations and their process through the European information system. First, the analysis of the strategic and operational reality highlights a group of destructive operations, that were implemented for almost a year — between winter 1688 and autumn 1689 —, and guided by the same strategic logic of defense but with evolving principles and practices over the months. The characteristics of these operations took part in the way in which they were recounted, depicted, understood and interpreted as soon as they occurred. Within this framework of their process through the European information system, they gain a chronological, geographical and operational cohesion, of which they lack initially. Second, this work studies both the dissemination of news on the French operations and the way they were textually and visually shaped. This analysis shows how the French operations were gradually shaped in particular by the print production into a significant event
Sag, Mélanie. „Les guerres civiles dans les romans anglais et français de l'époque baroque (1580-1668) : poétique du roman, anatomie du conflit et usages de la fiction“. Paris 7, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA070032.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis work examines the use of civil wars in English and French novels between 1580 and 1668 that is to say during the Baroque period. At this time, France and England were going through a revolutionary political, religious but also social crisis. Our framework is based on genre studies, contemporary theories of fiction and historicity. We aimed at shedding a new light on novel's poetics and analysing the articulation of fact and fiction through the study of a corpus of thirty little-known novels. The comparison between the French novels and the English ones implies to identify what defines the genre of early modern novel and its boundaries for both countries, and determine the genealogy of the narrative models used by the authors. We then establish the poetics of war through the analyses of the narrative functions of war sequences, the way characters are build up and the stylistics of violence (staged or faded). Finally, we suggest an interpretation of the novels. From the remembrance of wars of religion to the record of the English Revolution, Baroque novels constitute a specific form of historical fiction, characterized by the displacement of collective stakes and the metaphorisation of the religious division to the level of the couple or the family but also the recycling of the allegorical writing style. The Baroque novel is dedicated to love as opposed to the epic genre, it offers various and complex representations of civil war, this internai conflict questioning one's identity, faith and sense of belonging, three key concepts of the early modern novel
Villard, Andrée. „Mémoires du Sieur de Pontis 1676 : édition critique et présentation“. Paris 4, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA040200.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis work is a critical edition and presentation of the memoires du sieur de pontis (memoirs of the sieur de Pontis). These first memoirs written in port-royal, were published in 1676 and then overshadowed by the memoires de monsieur de Pontis, published in 1678. In 1657-8, the writer, du Fossé, a follower of Antoine Lemaistre, encouraged the officer Pontis to relate his life in camps and at court in order to discern how god led him to port-royal. The success in 1676 indicates the qualities of this account of actions, in which the spoken word is assimilated into the written word. In 1678, the publishers corrected oversights and made many concerted changes which gave rise to a new project. The unified, sustained tone met with requirements of the classic taste. Questions arise: why publish a text in 1676, calling for such extensive work two years later? The importance port-royal attached to these atypical memoirs, to their rapid publishing and then to their perfection, invites conjecture: in these last days of peace within the church, this account of conversion may be an indirect, self-interested tribute to the "war king". It is at any rate aimed at the old nobility, the ally which honored Port-Royal and often followed its direction
Prevost, Aurelie. „L’amitié aux XVIe et XVIIe siècles en France : normes, réalités et représentations“. Thesis, Lyon 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LYO20110/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe purpose of this dissertation is to study the influences of the norm on the representations of friendship and its practice in France during the 16th and the 17th centuries. The corpus draws aside both intellectuals and women to focus on the non-enclosed people. How two individuals are able to make friends with each other in the 16th and 17th centuries within a society itself thought in terms of friendship? This dissertation divides in two volumes. The first one is devoted to the study itself. The philosophical inheritance is presented, along with considerations on bonds linking the friend, the society, the couple and the family during the Modern Times. Questions of linguistics are also raised. The evolution of a friendship between two men is followed step by step from birth to death, as if it were a genuine living organism. Gestures and tokens of friendship are the bases of friendship. The latter is always endangered by the fragile balance between the social demands and the requirements of friendship. In the second volume are presented the methodology used to gather the documentary corpus, as well as our historical sources and bibliography. Reasons why women were excluded from our research work make the core of a specific chapter
Legois, Jeanne-Marie. „De la quête de Dieu à l’ouverture d’écoles pour les enfants pauvres : Nicolas Barré (1621-1686), son œuvre spirituelle et scolaire“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 4, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA040196.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBorn in a bourgeois family, apparently preserved from the scourges which crossed his region, (wars, epidemics, famine), Nicolas Barré became an excellent student in a Jesuit school. However, he chose to enter the convent of Minims in Amiens in 1640 to continue his search for God through a life of humility, poverty, chastity, obedience and perpetual Lent in the service of the poorest, following the motto of the founder “Caritas”.But the Minims of Paris, especially those of the Place Royale where he was sent, were also brilliant intellectuals, greatly esteemed by the important people in society. Nicolas Barré worked without sparing himself until he fell ill. When he was recovered he was sent to Rouen in 1659. His desire to serve God and to reveal Him to the ordinary people he rubbed shoulders with took on an exceptional dimension. Nicolas Barré differentiated himself from his order (although he didn’t leave it) by opening schools for poor children. Encounters with influential people allowed him to give shape to his ideas which were carried out by generous young women. However, Nicolas Barré obstinately refused financial “foundations” in order to depend only on God and to give his Association complete apostolic mobility. He reveal himself to be an outstanding pedagogue and gathered young women into seminars to form them as teachers. It was only in the 19th century that, in answer to a missionary call, the “Maîtresses Charitables”, (who from the 17th century were also called “Sisters of the infant Jesus”) became a Religious Congregation
Le, Touzé Isabelle. „Suivre Dieu, servir le roi : la noblesse protestante bas-normande, de 1520 au lendemain de la Révocation de l'édit de Nantes“. Thesis, Le Mans, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LEMA3014/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe important steps of French nobility: At first, 1550: part of the French nobility chooses to Protestantism. Then, 1560 and 1598: the French Religious Civil Wars. Finally, it was the start of Absolute Monarchy. When the unity of the Faith no longer existed, the choice of the French nobility was either to be faithful to the King or to god. Therefore, there were a gap between the religious faith and the political loyalties to the King. At first, the French nobles kept trusting their King, but a certain misunderstanding started to develop and the nobles gradually chose freedom over their loyalty to the French King. England’s proximity and Elisabeth 1st’s Court help them keep their distance with the King. They could rely on too their friends and family and parents to keep their faith alive, and the Edict of Nantes re-established the French nobility’s civil and religious rights. However the persecution of the Protestant did already start. Therefore many French Protestants nobles chose exile. Otherwise they were banished by the French Kingdom. Some of them hid their real faith, refusing to have to choose between their God and their king
Catel, Thibault. „« Le sentier de l’exemple » : morale et moralisation dans la nouvelle tragique en France de 1559 à 1630“. Thesis, Paris 4, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA040195.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis thesis aims to show how exemplarity allows for a fresh analysis of the morality of tragic short stories, known as “histoires tragiques”, between the second half of the 16th century and the beginning of the 17th. The ”histoires tragiques” are neither just “histoires de loi” nor sensationalistic stories, and exemplarity helps us find a middle way between the former’s moralism and the later’s immorality. The morality of the “histoires tragiques” essentially works through examples: on this basis, we first put into perspective the crisis that exemplarity is thought to be going through during the Early modern period. We then argue that, through moral exemplarity, we can understand how the “histoires tragiques” take after the two moral “genres” of history and tragedy. Lastly, we study the limits of this exemplarity, which mainly proceeds from the seduction of bad examples and extraordinary cases that seem to be in contrast with commun moral. As the “histoires tragiques” don’t rely anymore on the repetition of similar exemples, this singularity of cases can be seen as a mean to renew exemplarity
L'hopital, Servane. „Toucher le coeur : confrontations du théâtre et des pratiques de piété en France au XVIIe siècle“. Thesis, Lyon 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LYO20121.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe confrontation between liturgy and theater is a topos of the discourses which reveal deeply-rooted issues of representation in the seventeenth century. This commonplace had been a recurrent rhetorical device in the patristic sermons, where it emphasized the differences between Christianity and paganism. It is vigorously reactivated in seventeenth-century France as the Catholic Church faces its Calvinist critics, who accuse mass of being a comedy. Profane theater becomes a regular and professional kind of entertainment in the city and at the court, thanks to the protection of the royal power. This is why it is seen by Augustinians as a recurrent “lively representation” of the values of the world, such as love and honor, which are contradictory to the celestial Christian spirit. Treatises against Comedy written by Christian zealots reveal not only a moral, but also an emotional and psychological competition between liturgical practices and theater. Both “representations” try to force the presence of the mind and to touch, or even to print, the heart. The mass is then qualified as the “lively representation” of the Passion of the Christ, during which Catholic prayers must commemorate the mystery of divine sacrifice. By considering and acting out ceremonies, by vocalizing prayers, the believer is invited to produce certain acts of the heart and to unite with Christ, applying the Christ’s sacrifice to himself. Thus, the believer can be assimilated to an existential comedian on the divine stage : he actively involves his sensibility in the imitation of the great Christian model, by entering into the spirit of the psalms. This relationship to the text as a vestige to follow, this use of the voice and the body as mediums to excite devotion, explain the condemnation of the professional comedian by the Christian zealots (dévots). Indeed, the comedian is seen as someone who excites his own passions, playing a dangerous game with his heart and reminding himself of former worldly passions which can only lessen his faith.The reestablishment of theater questions the legitimacy, the definition and the goals of this art in a Christian society. Translating mimesis by “representation” and not “imitation” brought the theater closer to the liturgy. The discourses on theater in the 1620s and 1630s show that the authors tended to see a memorial, reiterative and visual dimension in theater that was not present in Aristotle. The debates finally conclude on the definition of theater as an honest form of entertainment rather than as a living form of instruction, namely because the latter was the responsibility of predication and mass. Saint Thomas could justify theater as a way of merely releasing the mind without interesting the heart or touching the soul ; at that time, indeed, instruction meant Christian instruction. In the 1640s, to please the devout Spanish queen Anne of Austria, several playwrights did attempt to call back the theater to its former institutional position by assimilating it with religious ceremony and creating sanctified tragedies. But this attempt failed for both poetic and political reasons. The disposition of the spectators in the city was not to be instructed. The theater was finally recognized as incompatible with Christian folly and modesty, but slowly participated in the formation of a secular morality in a new civic sphere
Breton, Nicolas. „Pour Dieu, pour le roi, pour soi : les engagements politiques et religieux des Coligny-Châtillon, du millieu du XVème au millieu du XVIIème siècle“. Thesis, Le Mans, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LEMA3002.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleNowadays the notion of commitment is at the heart of the great majority of researches devoted to the construction of themodern State in France, the protestant nobility and the wars of religion. This thesis is part of this dynamic current of research in history – and more generally in the human sciences – but it is on a time spanning almost two centuries that it offers to analyse the mechanisms, forms, means and consequences of the political and religious commitments of a well-known house’s members, but paradoxically little studied, the Coligny-Châtillon. In the middle of the 15th century, Jean III de Coligny abandoned the clientele of the duke of Burgundy or the duke of Savoy and settled in his domain of Châtillon-sur-Loing to devote himself entirely to the French king’s service. Pursuing this crucial commitment, his descendants’ succeeded in getting closer to the royal power in only two generations. This privileged position was nevertheless called into question when François d’Andelot, Gaspard de Coligny and then Odet de Châtillon publicly pledged their support for the Huguenot Cause. Thus, the fast degradation of peace in the French Kingdom echoes the inexorable fall of the Châtillon brothers in the sovereigns’ favour ; which favour their descendants’ would strive to recover completely for nearly eighty years. So many commitments that propelled the Coligny from mountains of Bresse and Revermont to the King’s Council ; which gradually shifted them from the status of favourites to that of “criminels de lèse-majesté” ; and which finally led them from the gibbet of Montfaucon to the royal necropolis of Saint-Denis