Dissertationen zum Thema „Réhabilitation des friches industrielles“
Geben Sie eine Quelle nach APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard und anderen Zitierweisen an
Machen Sie sich mit Top-50 Dissertationen für die Forschung zum Thema "Réhabilitation des friches industrielles" bekannt.
Neben jedem Werk im Literaturverzeichnis ist die Option "Zur Bibliographie hinzufügen" verfügbar. Nutzen Sie sie, wird Ihre bibliographische Angabe des gewählten Werkes nach der nötigen Zitierweise (APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver usw.) automatisch gestaltet.
Sie können auch den vollen Text der wissenschaftlichen Publikation im PDF-Format herunterladen und eine Online-Annotation der Arbeit lesen, wenn die relevanten Parameter in den Metadaten verfügbar sind.
Sehen Sie die Dissertationen für verschiedene Spezialgebieten durch und erstellen Sie Ihre Bibliographie auf korrekte Weise.
Dardouri, Wadie. „Réhabilitation des friches industrielles : approche de développement durable pour les structures et infrastructures“. Lille 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006LIL10005.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIngallina, Patrizia. „Les politiques de réhabilitation et de reconquête des espaces intra-urbains : le "recupero" en Italie et la réhabilitation en France : deux conceptions diverses de la "réutilisation", les exemples de deux aires industrielles désaffectées : le "recupero" de l'aire Galileo à Florence, la réhabilitation/rénovation de l'aire Citroën à Paris“. Paris 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA010556.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMartinez, Chois Claudia. „Réhabilitation des sols pollués par les éléments traces métalliques grâce aux bactéries du sol associées à la rhizosphère de Miscanthus x giganteus“. Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LORR0323/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSoil is a nonrenewable resource to maintain because of its socio-economic and environmental importance. However, (bio)industrial activities can degrade soil and cause the appearance of persistent pollution brownfields. The ability of Miscanthus x giganteus to adapt to brownfield soils polluted with heavy metals (HM), while promoting the consolidation process of bioremediation of polluants, without causing a negative impact on the environment, is studied. Soils from Lorraine region (France), very affected by past industrial activity, are used. Considering the complexity of soil-plant-microorganisms relationships, various complementary assessment tools (i.e. in vitro,mesocosm and field) are used to determine the response of each component and their interactions, and thus deduce the sustainability of the method. The culture of M. x giganteus has great potential for rehabilitation of brownfield soils having a multimetallic pollution or mixed (+PAH) with a double benefit: phytostabilisation of HM at the root level and the production of biomass reclaimable (limited transfer of HM). The plant does not alter the characteristics of the soil involved in the mobility of HM (pH, CEC) ; but changes from those related to soil fertility, toxicity (liquid fraction) and the accumulation of HM by other organisms attest to the interaction of the plant with the elements that would make them more available. Plant's activity is causing associations with soil bacteria, for which the phylopes potentially métalloresistants (Zn, Cr) seem common in soils used
Janus, Adeline. „Intérêt d’un amendement organo-minéral pour remédier des sols de friches industrielles multicontaminés en milieu urbain“. Thesis, Lille 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LIL10175/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleNowadays, soil contamination by the organic and inorganic pollutants represent a major issue. Gentle remediation options, comprising plants and microorganisms, and linked with the use of amendments or not, are implemented to manage these soils. Among the different amendments, the biochar is presented in the literature as being able to meet these expectations. This study aims at evaluating the impacts of pyrolysis parameters on the characteristics of eight biochars derived from Miscanthus x giganteus, grown on metal contaminated soils, and selecting the one which may be the most efficient to remediate metals (Cd, Pb, Zn) and/or PAHs contaminated soils. A strong influence of pyrolysis temperature on biochar characteristics was detected. Moreover, biochars showed strong sorption capacity for the three metals and PAHs in aqueous solution, especially for those produced at 600°C. Experiments realized with an artificial soil, and an agricultural soil, both artificially contaminated, demonstrated the efficiency of some biochars to decrease the environmental availability, bioavailability and oral bioaccessibility of the metals and PAHs. Based on the results, one biochar was selected as being the most efficient to manage the contaminated soils. In view of the structural modifications of biochars in soils, these results should be validated in situ on long term basis, while ensuring the harmless effects of the studied biochar and integrating the socio-economic aspects
Angot, Céline. „Gestes accomplis et paroles ouvrières : approche anthropologique du travail au plateau des Capucins à l'arsenal de Brest : culture ouvrière et savoir-faire entre mutations et patrimonialisation“. Thesis, Brest, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013BRES0046.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe project “Espace Penfeld” follows on the global development politics of Brest urban area. Owing to the current company DCNS restructurings and privatization as well as the progressive retrocession of certain military spaces in the community from Brest, three operational sites were identified within the framework of this mission: the Capucins industrial site is one of them. The city planning of this symbolic place offers the opportunity to value the metropolitan functions of Brest around economy, culture, research and housing environment. My thesis in ethnology participates in the process analysis of the local heritage valuation of this military-industrial site, the transition from an industrial to a cultural sphere. Today, my thesis shows the building of the «Arsenal culture» onto the Capucins industrial site under its cultural, social, and technical dimensions, using key concepts of ethnology as a frame of reference the rituals and the rites of passage. The study also allowed several in-depth studies namely: - The industrial landscape of the arsenal of Brest and its mutations. - The metallurgical factory construction of the Capucins industrial site. - The evolution of the working conditions and the labor-union events. - Statistical data collection with the aim of establishing the social and geographical origins of the apprentices working in the arsenal of Brest. - The influence of the arsenal over Brest political world. From now on, this project makes possible the valuation and the preservation of a piece of memory and history of the Capucins industrial site and the arsenal of Brest
Colombini, Gabin. „Étude multi-échelle des interactions saprophages-matières organiques et de leurs implications dans le fonctionnement des humipedons de Technosols : approche fondamentale vers l’ingénierie écologique“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LORR0277.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn a context of soil degradation and erosion of biodiversity resulting from anthropogenic activities, understanding the role of edaphic fauna in the functioning of humipedons is of growing interest. The development of reclamation strategies on anthropized soils, based on the concepts of ecological engineering, could be based on the actions of transformation of organic matter carried out by saprophagous organisms. The objective of this thesis was (i) to characterize the ecological functions performed by saprophagous organisms through the production of biostructures on anthropized soils and (ii) to assess their potential for the reclamation of brownfields Technosols. To do so, an integrative approach, based on the changes of spatial scale, was carried out on an industrial brownfield of interest. First, it was demonstrated that Technosols physicochemical characteristics can represent an abiotic filter limiting the colonization of edaphic fauna, especially highlighted by the absence of anecic and endogeic earthworms in Technosols. Secondly, at the scale of the humipedon, the results showed that the dynamics of organic matter formed by vegetation also depends on the nature of the substrate used during the rehabilitation of the brownfield. Indeed, under the action of epigeic saprophagous arthropods, a series of ectorganic horizons, similar to the ones of a Moder, developed on the technogenic horizon of Technosols. The term "Techno-moder" has thus been proposed to describe this new humus form. The chemical and ultrastructural features of the Techno-moder zOH horizon, made up of biostructures produced by saprophagous, also confirmed this classification proposal. Finally, feces produced by the saprophagous isopod Porcellio scaber, studied under controlled conditions, allowed to demonstrate that their physicochemical characteristics depend on the Technosol substrate and on organic matter chemical features. In agreement with the conclusions at the humipedon scale, it seems that feces traits produced by the epigeic saprophagous arthropods are an intrinsic characteristic of the ecosystem, which results from the Technosols humipedons composition. The development of Technosols reclamation strategies using coupled inoculation of saprophagous and organic matter could thus improve Technosols humipedons physicochemical characteristics while requiring the specific interactions of organisms with the substrate to be taken into account
Mourier, Pascal. „Délocalisations industrielles compétitives“. Paris 9, 1990. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1990PA090008.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis doctoral thesis is about plant relocation. This is a thesis of industrial organization focused on plant; we will try to demonstrate that the turbulent environment nowadays causes frequent relocation of existing plants. Therefore, these firmmust learn to master and manage the plant relocation process. In a first part of the thesis, we have tried to understand the relocation phenomenon and determine how location and relocation articulate one with the other. The second part aims at analysing the plant relocation at the firm level and answer such questions as: how to work out plant relocation, which ruptures can we identify and how to manage them?
Doskočilová-Doležel, Lucie. „Politiques publiques et outils juridiques pour la reconversion des friches industrielles en France et en République tchèque : études de cas : Prague, Lyon, Issy-les-Moulineaux et Paris-rive-gauche“. Université Paris-Est Créteil Val de Marne (UPEC), 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA123020.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe thesis provides a comprehensive analysis of the policies and instruments used to redevelop the abandoned land in both countries, within their national framework. The first part focuses on the origins of the state strategies of regeneration. The integrated aproach and the linkage between remediation and urban regeneration are discussed with particular attention. The next part shows the regeneration as an element of local development policies. The third part focuses closely on legal instruments used for the urban planning and to manage the redevelopment projects. The french instruments, specially the ZAC, are studied with the aim to offer some principles that could be adopted into the Czech conditions. The case studies in the fourth part deal with the issues discussed in the previous part. Its aim is to evaluate the efficiency of studide instruments in the redevelopment process undertaken on different scales and administration levels
Gannac, Virginie. „Les friches : de la désindustrialisation à la culturalisation“. Paris 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA010702.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleVessigaud, Sandrine Schiavon Michel. „Re-mobilisation des hydrocarbures aromatiques polycycliques de terres industrielles de cokerie et mécanismes impliqués dans le "vieillissement" du fluoranthène“. S. l. : S. n, 2007. http://theses.abes.fr/2007INPL013N.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDardouri, Wadie Shahrour Isam Meilliez Francis. „Réhabilitation des friches industrielles approche de développement durable pour les structures et infrastructures /“. Villeneuve d'Ascq : Université des sciences et technologies de Lille, 2008. https://iris.univ-lille1.fr/dspace/handle/1908/1076.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleN° d'ordre (Lille 1) : 3787. Texte en anglais. Résumé en français. Titre provenant de la page de titre du document numérisé. Bibliogr. p.117-122.
Barnier, Christophe. „Disponibilité des HAP dans les sols de friches industrielles et influence des conditions rhizosphériques“. Thesis, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009INPL102N/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuellePAHs are present in many industrial wasteland soils. Their remediation using biological techniques remains limited because of their low availability. This work identifies some of the factors controlling this availability in soil and proposes management strategies able to modify it, focusing on plant assisted treatment. First, we have shown that PAHs availability can be estimated by a 30 hours extraction using a Tenax® resin. The analysis of PAHs availability for three wasteland soils showed that the size of black carbon particles, which is the main PAHs reservoir, and the aggregation intensity are the two main availability controlling factors. Laboratory experimentation also showed that this availability can be influenced by rhizosphere parameters. Acidification of a calcareous soil, in dissolving the carbonated cement, can increase PAHs availability by desaggregation. Soil alkalinisation, in decreasing sorption forces between PAHs and the solid matrix, may also increase availability. Citric acid has an effect even more pronounced than the pH alone. Its chelating properties can increase PAHs availability by 40%. Some of these laboratory results have been confirmed by in situ experiments. Indeed, a white lupine culture was able to increase anthracene dissipation for one of the tested wasteland soil over a 5 months period
Bonnard, Marc. „Relations "biodisponibilité-génotoxicité-écotoxicité" des hydrocarbures aromatiques polycycliques (HAP) dans les sols de friches industrielles“. Thesis, Metz, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010METZ007S/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe aim of this work research was to show in formerly-contaminated coking plant soils a relationship between the bioavailability of soil pollutants (PAH and/or heavy metals), their genotoxicity and their populational effects in the Eisenia fetida earthworm. This study showed that despite a similar contamination studied soils exhibited a great difference in ecotoxicity to earthworms and other terrestrial organisms (plants, springtails). Differences in ecotoxicity of soils would be attributable to bioavailability of soil pollutants which is different between soils. This study also showed that thermal desorption applied on one of the contaminated soils increased bioavailability of heavy metals. Thermal desorption would modify 1) the nature and composition of soil organic matter, 2) the speciation of heavy metals, 3) links between soil organic matter and heavy metals, rendering them more bioavailable and genotoxic to earthworms. The biological-ecotoxicological approach, which takes into consideration the bioavailability of soil pollutants, reveals to be necessary in addition of the physico-chemical approach in the evaluation of 1) risks and 2) remediation efficiency of contaminated soils. This study also showed that the measure of DNA damage in coelomocytes of earthworms is a relevant biomarker in the evaluation of genotoxicity of soil pollutants. This biomarker of genotoxicity can be used as indicator of bioavailability of soil pollutants. It revealed more sensitive than survival and as sensitive as reproduction, which are classical endpoints measured in earthworms. This biomarker of genotoxicity could be used as early indicator of physiological disturbances, even if the mechanistic link between DNA damage and effects on reproduction require further studies
Lemaire, Julien. „Traitement par oxydation chimique de sols de friches industrielles contaminés par des Hydrocarbures Aromatiques Polycycliques“. Thesis, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011INPL071N/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleContrary to general belief, soil is a threatened nonrenewable natural resource. Consequently, the restoration of brownfields contaminated with PAHs, that are toxic and persistent contaminants, is a major challenge. Usual techniques are not always appropriate, so the aim of this work is to study the relevance of in situ chemical oxidation (ISCO), usually used for groundwater treatment contaminated with less recalcitrant pollutants (CVOCs, BTEX). It is a part of OXYSOL project aiming at the conception of a global treatment pathway including in situ remediation and soil construction. This work was to study and optimize oxidation efficiency with the soil of a former coking plant. Then, objective was to highlight main limiting factors using different contrasting soils. First, experiments were run in batch systems to select both most suitable oxidants: Fenton's reagent and activated persulfate. Then oxidation was performed in flow systems from the bench to the pilot scale in order to optimize injection parameters. Results, comparable to those obtained in batch systems, showed that oxidation efficiency was strongly limited because of low PAHs availability and highlighted presence of unavailable PAHs (degradation ratio lower than 50%). The last results confirmed the relationship between pollution aging, PAHs availability and chemical oxidation performance. Moreover, they help to understand and compare the influence of different limiting factors (PAHs availability, organic carbon content, carbonate content, pH, PAHs structure and injection method) depending on the oxidant. The research underlined the need to investigate chemical oxidation performance with soil samples collected from contaminated sites and not with spiked soils
Ngo, Van Viet. „Modélisation du transport de l'eau et des polluants dans les sols contaminés des friches industrielles“. Thesis, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009INPL101N/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuellePreferential flow and nonequilibrium transport are probably the most frustrating in terms of hampering accurate predictions of contaminant transport through the vadose zone. The mathematical description of preferential flow and nonequilibrium transport needs many parameters that are not measurable. Therefore, the inverse method is a promising way to estimate model parameters. The main objectives of this work are to (i) study the water flow using the uniform flow and dual-porosity models, tracer and contaminant transport using the uniform transport model and/or physical and chemical nonequilibrium transport models, (ii) investigate parameter estimability and correlations between different parameters, and (iii) optimize the hydraulic properties and solute transport parameters. The results concerning the water flow in the bare field lysimeter show that daily data contained much more information than hourly data, daily pressure heads contained more information than daily water contents; the correlations between different parameters hamper the optimization results strongly. Basing on the tracer concentrations in the leaching solution of the lysimeter, the first-order rate water transfer coefficient was not estimable since this parameter was highly correlated with the solute transfer coefficient. PAH concentrations in the leaching solution of the contaminated soil column under saturated and nonsaturated flow conditions show that when the degree of chemical nonequilibirum transport is high, the solute leaching of the nonsaturated column contained more information than those of the saturated column. In addition, the fraction of sites with instantaneous sorption and the linear adsorption distribution coefficient always showed a very strong correlation, they were impossible to optimize simultaneously
Britto, Natalia Daniela Soares Sá. „Industrialização e desindustrialização do espaço urbano na cidade de Pelotas (RS)“. reponame:Repositório Institucional da FURG, 2011. http://repositorio.furg.br/handle/1/2427.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSubmitted by Caroline Silva (krol_bilhar@hotmail.com) on 2012-08-10T16:25:58Z No. of bitstreams: 2 dissertacao natalia daniela britto.pdf: 3321488 bytes, checksum: 13b5ea930e94326f992205428ab49aa7 (MD5) dissertacao natalia daniela britto.pdf: 3321488 bytes, checksum: 13b5ea930e94326f992205428ab49aa7 (MD5)
Approved for entry into archive by Bruna Vieira(bruninha_vieira@ibest.com.br) on 2012-08-23T20:16:27Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 dissertacao natalia daniela britto.pdf: 3321488 bytes, checksum: 13b5ea930e94326f992205428ab49aa7 (MD5) dissertacao natalia daniela britto.pdf: 3321488 bytes, checksum: 13b5ea930e94326f992205428ab49aa7 (MD5)
Made available in DSpace on 2012-08-23T20:16:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 dissertacao natalia daniela britto.pdf: 3321488 bytes, checksum: 13b5ea930e94326f992205428ab49aa7 (MD5) dissertacao natalia daniela britto.pdf: 3321488 bytes, checksum: 13b5ea930e94326f992205428ab49aa7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011
O presente trabalho de pesquisa tem como objetivo analisar o processo formação das Friches Industrielles na cidade de Pelotas, no Rio Grande do Sul, tendo como referencial a análise dos processos de industrialização e desindustrialização na cidade. Destarte, a pesquisa retoma o processo de industrialização, desde o início do século XX, acompanhando os diferentes períodos da indústria e suas resultantes espaciais, evidenciando com isso a importância desta atividade na produção do espaço urbano de Pelotas.Nesta mesma perspectiva, atenta-se para a análise dos novos conteúdos produzidos pela desindustrialização, a partir de 1980, entendendo o surgimento das Friches como expressão das alterações na economia urbana resultantes desse processo, analisadas através do estudo sobre um fragmento do espaço amplamente produzido e transformado nesse contexto: a zona portuária de Pelotas.
The present research aims to analyze the process of training Friches Industrielles in Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, taking as reference the analysis of the processes of industrialization and deindustrialization in the city. Thus, the research incorporates the process of industrialization since the early twentieth century, following the different periods of the industry and its resulting space, thereby demonstrating the importance of this activity in the production of urban space Pelotas.Nesta same perspective, attentive to for the analysis of new content produced by de-industrialization, since 1980, understanding the emergence of Friches to reflect the changes in the urban economy resulting from this process, analyzed through the study of a fragment of space widely produced and processed in this context: the waterfront Pelotas.
Roth-Sallard, Hélène. „Espaces intermédiaires en recomposition : les campagnes industrielles allemandes en région de frontières“. Lyon, Ecole normale supérieure, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006ENSF0026.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBased on the concept of intermediate space, this study analyses the transformations which shape manufacturing rural areas in the north of Bavaria and the south of Saxony, in a context of globalisation and european enlargment. Through the concept of intermediate space, the interdependances toward arrounding and encompassing spaces are stressed and a reflection on the development of dense rural areas in crisis is provided. The concept of intermediate space is relevant for analysing and understanding the multilevel contradiction between continuum and discontinuity in space and time. The first part of the study investigates the intermeditate features of the region, and shows how this region retains the breakline inherited from the Cold War and how the recent evolutions form a transition area between the dynamic South of Germany and the declining north-eastern part of the country. In the second part, the hybrid features of this rural region are explored in relationship with territorial reforms. In the last part, the concept of intemediate space is put to the test of differing evolutions of manufacturing activities since the "Wende" and the different paths of local production systems, especially of two textil districts
Emond, Catherine. „Réhabilitation de tourbières industrielles contaminées par l'eau salée : végétation de marais salés et amendements“. Thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2013/30402/30402.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleCoastal cutover bogs are prone to sea water contamination. It keeps them unvegetated because of salinity, acidity, high water table level and low nutrients availability. We want to encourage plant colonization of those bogs using salt marsh vegetation and amendments. A field experiment aimed to examine whether rock phosphate (P2O5) and dolomitic lime (CaO.MgO) improve growth of (1) Carex paleacea, (2) Spartina pectinata transplants, (3) salt marsh diaspores transfer of different maturity - July, (4) August and (5) a bare peat control. A greenhouse experiment tested the lime dose needed by C. paleacea and S. pectinata. Results showed that P improved growth of all plant treatments because of P deficiency in bogs, while C. paleacea resulted in greater vegetation cover and aerial biomass, and diaspores transfer in higher diversity. Lime failed to improve vegetation growth. Rehabilitation should be done using P, salt marsh diaspores transfer and C. paleacea transplantation.
Saint-Girons, Franck. „Marginalité et innovation culturelle dans les friches urbaines : un enjeu dans l'aménagement du territoire“. Pau, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PAUU1004.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMarginality was first tackled especially from the 1970's and was analysed by various scientific disciplines, for instance by geography and more particularly by social geography. It was often confused and used to characterise exclusion, and it also knew a shift in meaning so that it was then regarded as subjected. However, why not define marginality as a voluntary choice which will enable the individual to become an active subject who will be shaping their own life and their surroundings. Margins, from then on, come down to laboratories for innovation and creation, thus developing an ideology, standards, and distinct values. Subjects in margin indirectly contribute to the town and territory planning as well as to the local development. Thus, relying on urban wastelands invested in France by creative movements, we aim at showing the dynamics, the process and the mechanisms thanks to which a margin can become a centre of the process of territorial reconstruction and redefinition, leading to new planning approaches and new approaches of territory planning and local development
Lafeuille, Christine. „La prise en compte de la pollution des sols dans le renouvellement urbain des friches industrielles en France“. Thesis, Lille 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LIL10140.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe issue of contaminated land is becoming more significant in the urban renewal projects in France. This new concern is closely related to the increase of policies combating urban sprawl and promoting land recycling of urban wastelands including former industrial sites. The urban regeneration of polluted industrial wastelands has technical, financial, social and legal impacts, especially on the design, the implementation and the life of a project. Restrictions resulting from soil contamination concerning the actors of urban development and future users, depend on the degree of site pollution and the structuring of the project definition with the pollution management and treatment pollution choices. Actors are searching for methods and tools that could help them to take that restriction into account as much as possible, a theme they don’t really know and for which they are not trained. This practice is difficult because, if there is a national policy on contaminated sites and soils in France, it is neither ruled by legislation nor by a regulatory framework. In addition, this expertise is uncommon and still very attached to environmental management area of polluting industries. Thus, management and treatment solutions proposed to developers and builders can have a direct impact on the project, of which they can ignore the effects. Restriction uses such as for example, the ban on growing gardens, on building individual housing are sometimes necessary to protect future users from the residual contamination of the site. The objective of urban local planning policies is to integrate soil pollution in the process of design and implementation of urban renewal projects
Valeyre, Thomas. „Réaménagement des friches industrielles en milieu urbain : approche communicationnelle systémique pour une amélioration de la décision des maîtres d'ouvrage“. Thesis, Lille 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LIL10217/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBrownfields in urban areas have great potential for redevelopment of cities, but urbanization on contaminated sites complicates decision making. The decisions are based on information provided by a lot of stakeholders. A method based on the systemic of communication was chosen. A methodology based on the feedback was developed to model this system of brownfield redevelopment. A grid was built in order to analyze in each stages of redevelopment projects: the types of involved stakeholders; the types of data they collect in urban planning and environment; and problems faced by these actors. Finally, a set of rules to model the evolution of the data in the informational dimension was defined. The collection grids were applied for three fields of study. Cross-validation of the data by the method of triangulation was achieved. All types of data was used to set up the communicational system. The model was established and its structure has been analyzed. This study showed that the pattern of trade between stakeholders was simple. Then, the problems found by stakeholders were studied. Problems were highlighted mainly into two stages: the first and fifth stages corresponding respectively to the beginning of conception of projects and the beginning of preparation works. The problems encountered are mostly related to the collection of data. This lack of data generate big uncertainty that could affect the project limiting the alternative scenarios. The results of cross-validation shown that the types of stakeholders and data are valid because of their repeatability. However, weaknesses were detected at the end of the project: it was difficult to identify the data which was used. Perspectives would require to make further interviews to identify missing typologies of data at the end of project
Sbiti, Nadia. „La reconquête des espaces en déshérence : le cas de Marseille et de Barcelone“. Toulouse 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999TOU20101.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleA lot of towns – often large urban centres – start up or carry on with vas turban project in order to re-use and re-organize areas next their historical centres and that are more or less revert by escheat. Their recovery is an exceptional opportunity, for these towns but also for the numerous protagonists of economic and urban life, to enable the return of strategic and symbolical spaces into the urban fabric. That research is often based on a multidimensional study including historical evolution, the closing down industrial, urban and harbor sites: town centre rehabilitation policies, participants, procedures, funding, correspondence between the town-planning and architectural concepts and their execution. After a theoretical approach to escheating spaces, the case study deals with two towns from Southern Europe: Barcelona and Marseille, and enables an analysis of the operations of recovery so as to evaluate the consequences, both urban as well as social and economic in order to understand the mechanism
Rodrigues, Malta Rachel. „La ville et le port : le réaménagement des espaces portuaires délaissés : les cas de Gênes, Naples et Trieste“. Paris 12, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA120001.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe theme of the spatial and functional redevelopment of former docklands-along with the inactive industrial areas associated with them-and the promotion of the neighbouring districts constitute two of the principal concerns of town planning today. The city-port interface is currently the scene of gigantic,and frequently praised,redevelopment operations such as boston,toronto,london or rotterdam. First observed in north america in the 1960s,and in the northern part of western europe in the early 1980s,this 'waterfront redevelopment' phenomenon seems to have extended its influence around the world,subject to the effects of the numerous filters of an economic,cultural or political nature. Genoa,naples and trieste have only recently been affected by the waterfront redevelopment phenomenon and have focused their attention more generally on the future of the city-port relationship. The decline or transformation of the port and related port and industrial functions has substantially disrupted the economic and social structures of these three cities. They have consequently taken steps to regenerate their territory by acting on all the various elements comprising it. After a retrospective study of the city-port relationship and an examination of the different levels of impaired functioning currently observed,our aim is to analyse the redevelopment operations completed or still in the planning stage,to appraise their urbanistic and socio-economic impact and to identify the
Venditti, Danielle. „Sols industriels contaminés par les métaux : caractérisation biogéochimique, approche biomoléculaire de la diversité microbienne et faisabilité d'un traitement de dépollution“. Nancy 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998NAN10325.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLeporc, Amandine Assunta Marine. „Des friches industrielles à l’expansion des industries créatives : le rôle du patrimoine industriel dans le développement local en France et en Italie“. Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/29097.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleOrigo, Nadia. „Approche socio-spatiale de la réhabilitation des sites industriels pollués“. Thesis, Paris 4, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA040181/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe socio-space approach of the rehabilitation of the polluted industrial sites is based on two supports of analysis: environmental components and the executive framework. This study, which relates primarily to France, made it possible to emphasize the major failures of an operation of rehabilitation of site, generally reduced to two factors: costs and techniques of depollution. This approach stresses that there is a dimension of the rehabilitation of the sites, which should be considered. It is a question of considering it, since depollution until the reuse of a site. It led starting from the Total site of Vendin-le-Vieil and other sites taken in example to expose some direct orientations, which would channel the useful and durable reuse of a site from its environmental immediate and of the executive context into force. These orientations led to the development of a model diagram tested on the boubiers of flaring of l’Ile Mandji in Gabon (Central Africa). The objective in the long term is to consider the design of a Socio-space System of Management of the Sites and Sols Polluted
Gorius, Thibaut. „Le second souffle de la friche industrielle de Meisenthal : une approche ethnologique du phénomène contemporain de patrimonialisation“. Paris 8, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA084036.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis thesis deals with the current phenomenon of heritage value. Based on qualitative surveys carried out mainly among backup associations met in two former industrial production areas in Lorraine (France), one of the main purposes is to explore some characteristics of our contemporary relation to the past. The analysis focuses both on the "sensitivity to the past" observed into associations and the social, political and economic uses of the past implemented by institutional actors involved in local heritage initiatives. The heart of the work shows that, for the members of associations, heritage meets an "identity quest" in a context of intense social change. Finally, the study of heritage projects questions the concept of “heritage spreading” and the status of applied anthropology on this type of field
Lausson, Adeline. „Le Land Reclamation Art : idées artistes projets des années 1960 aux années 2000“. Paris 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA010655.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLucisine, Pierre. „Fonctionnement des sols contaminés“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LORR0195.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBrownfield soils are multi-polluted areas, which cover an increasing surface and thus present serious socio-economical challenges. A better understanding of the ecological functioning of these sites is mandatory for their restoration. In addition to the high pollution found at these sites, brownfields are characterized by a specific soil structure and occasionally also by particular nutrient contents. Despite these constraints, several brownfield are well colonized by plants, fauna and microorganisms. The capacity of these new communities to uphold main ecosystem function remains to be evaluated based on the measurement of one or several ecosystem functions. Leaf litter decomposition is critically important in driving carbon and nutrient biogeochemical cycles. This function depends on decomposition actors (fauna and microorganisms) but also on leaf litter quality. By that, leaf litter decomposition integrates effects of soil pollution on plant, animal and microorganism communities. Thus, leaf litter decomposition is a relevant indicator to evaluate pollution effects on the functioning of soil ecosystems. The main objective of this thesis was to study brownfields soil function by focusing on the impairment of soil pollution on the leaf litter decomposition. The main hypothesis was that soil pollution could negatively affect leaf litter decomposition by two different ways. (1) By direct effects, resulting from adverse effects of soil pollution on decomposition actors, and (2) by indirect effects, assuming that soil pollution will induce modifications of the plant’s physiology, resulting in changes in leaf litter quality and subsequent effects on the decomposition. Our results revealed the absence of direct negative effects for eight highly polluted sites, despite a disturbance of decomposer actors, specifically the increase in abundance of detritivores and a modified microbial colonization of the leaf litter at the polluted sites. These results are in favor of a sufficient functional redundancy of decomposer actors in the local communities, which allowed the maintenance of the decomposition process. We also showed a positive indirect effect of soil pollution on the decomposition. This effect resulted from the improvement of litter quality produced at the polluted sites. This induced, at least for some sites, an increase of the decomposition rate, possibly due to a higher activity of decomposer actors. Furthermore, we also observed pollutants accumulation in these litter, especially Cd and Zn. These pollutants could potentially impair decomposition actors. Whatever, presence of these pollutants in litter did not impair litter consumption by some detritivores. Numerous perspectives can be developed from this study. Among them it seems specifically important to evaluate: 1) which are the (physiological) mechanisms behind the increase in leaf litter quality at polluted sites? 2) How can different communities assure the same decomposition rates at polluted sites? and 3) Are there negative effects observed on the performance and physiology of detritivores when consuming leaf litter from polluted sites ?
Cozic, Bertrand. „Les relations ville-port à Rio de Janeiro : les défis de la mondialisation dans l'émergence et la construction de territoires“. La Rochelle, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LAROF024.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleFor a few decades, the port world has known some deep transformations linked to the crisis of the Fordist production model. Ports dating from industrial era have henceforth to follow technical innovations of the world trade, and to define a new development paradigm in order to make the most of the opportunities offered by globalization. The city and the port of Rio de Janeiro, who both want to enter a sustainable development process, are faced with the task of building a huge port reform, the latter made real by the vote of the law 8630 from 1993. This law, intended to the institutional reform of the Brazilian port system, paved the way for a new reflection about the waste land reconversion, these port spaces, dating from the industrial era, often became obsolete and inadapted to the technical and commercial demands for the international maritime trade. About 90% of the Rio de Janeiro port spaces have no more commercial activity, whereas the private containers and roll-on/roll-off Caju’s terminals experience a regular growth. The city has launched a huge recuperation project of these spaces and empty warehouses, on the model of a lot of projects such as Puerto Madero in Buenos Aires, Barcelona port and so many others. However, the city doesn’t seem to take in consideration the new commercial dynamics of the container and car terminals. It misses then the opportunity to create a real concerted development project, articulating on the one hand, the revival of port waste land, through the elaboration of a property and tourist development plan based on leisure, and on the other hand, a cooperation policy between the city and port activities. They could then develop services around products which pass through the port and add them value, in order to attract flows inherent to globalization
Loyaux, Lawniczak Stéphanie. „Mécanismes d'immobilisation du chrome dans les sols : diagnostic de la pollution d'une friche industrielle et réactivité des ions chromates vis-à-vis du fer divalent“. Nancy 1, 1999. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/SCD_T_1999_0260_LOYAUX_LAWNICZAK.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleValognes, Stéphane. „De l'espace usinier aux nouveaux territoires urbains : mémoires collectives, projets urbains, appropriation de l'espace“. Paris, EHESS, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002EHES0050.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleWhat are interactions between urban traces, groups and urban projects, in renewal of wastelands ? How architects and planners design the urban future ? Three examples are developed in this work : the former industrial area of Société Métallurgique de Normandie near Caen, the Nantes Island in Nantes, and the former central harbour area in Bordeaux. After the analyse of urban forms's heritage, we examine the ability of urban projects to play a role in the production of new urban morphology and new space appropriations
Tonnelat, Stéphane. „Interstices urbains Paris - New York : entre contrôles et mobilités, quatre espaces résiduels de l'aménagement“. Paris 12, 2003. https://athena.u-pec.fr/primo-explore/search?query=any,exact,990002133370204611&vid=upec.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleRanc, Bérénice. „Oxydation chimique in situ de la zone non saturée de sols contaminés par du goudron de houille : du laboratoire au terrain“. Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LORR0077/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn France, hundreds of brownfields are currently polluted with coal tar, a complex and recalcitrant mixture of organic compounds such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. When the unsaturated zone of soils is highly contaminated, it is commonly excavated and backfilled. This work deals with an alternative treatment, in situ chemical oxidation, that allows a potential reuse of soils directly on site. This technique has already provided encouraging results at the lab scale but has rarely been tested in the field. Research was made around three scales – bibliography, laboratory and pilot – in order to respond to the main problem: is there an oxidative treatment able to meet technical, economic and environmental criteria quite acceptable to be applied at brownfield level? The laboratory research phase showed that the addition of a moderate thermal support significantly increased treatment effectiveness, by i) an increase in pollutant availability by soil preheating in the case of permanganate, or ii) a thermal activation of the oxidant in the case of persulfate. At the pilot scale, a homogeneous contact between the oxidant and the pollutants was possible only by a partial flooding of the soil with the concentrated oxidizing solutions. The persulfate activation turned out to be difficult to implement because heating concentrated solutions led to a parasite decomposition of the oxidant. On the contrary, the use of concentrated solutions of permanganate led to an even higher degradation than in the laboratory, as a result of the strong exothermicity of the reaction
Hafeez, Farhan. „Characterization of microbial communities in Technosols constructed for industrial wastelands restoration“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Dijon, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012DIJOS029.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIncreasing soil degradation and its consequences on overall ecosystem services urge for restoration strategies. Construction of Technosols through assemblage of treated soil and industrial wastes is an innovative technology for the restoration of polluted land and re-use of industrial by-products. Recent studies have evidenced that Technosols could support ecosystemic services such as primary production but the knowledge about other soil functions, such as biogeochemical cycling, is limited. Due to the significant contribution of microbial communities to soil functioning, this PhD work was carried out to study the effect of the type of Technosol on microbial communities with a focus on functional guilds involved in N cycling. For this purpose, the abundance and diversity of the total bacterial community and the abundance of crenarchaeal community together with the abundance and activities of the nitrifying and denitrifying communities were investigated in two types of Technosols. Results demonstrated that diversity and composition of the bacterial community were similar to ‘natural soils’ and were not significantly different between the two Technosols with Proteobacteria being the dominant phylum (50-80%). The bacterial ammonia oxidizers were greater in number than crenarchaeal ammonia oxidizers but also correlated to the potential nitrification activity suggesting that bacteria are the dominant ammonia oxidizers in Technosols. The abundance of both the ammonia oxidizers and the denitrifiers were in the same range than that observed in other soil systems. Analyses of the vertical distribution of the activity and abundance of N-cycling communities in the Technosols showed a significant depth-effect, which was more important than the Technosol type-effect. Technosols physicochemical properties and the abundance of the bacterial ammonia oxidizers were the main drivers of the nitrification activity whereas the denitrification activity was controlled mainly by the Technosols physicochemical properties and, to a minor extent, by the abundances of the nirS denitrifiers. The estimation of the functional stability of the denitrification process against the heat-drought stresses revealed that Technosol exhibited the high resistance and resilience in comparison to the thermally treated soil. This work highlighted the potential of constructed Technosols to ensure the N cycling ecosystem services, along with a high capacity to resist and recover from environmental stresses, suggesting that construction of Technosols is a promising technology and a solution for the restoration of industrial wastelands and waste recycling
Raffin, Fabrice. „Les Ritournelles de la culture. De la critique sociale à la participation citoyenne. Entre mobilités et ancrages urbains : Une approche sociologique de trois initiatives culturelles privées en friches industrielles à Poitiers, Genève et Berlin“. Perpignan, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PERP0459.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBased on the observation of three private cultural projects installed in former derelict industrial areas, the research analyses the interaction between original cultural and artistic practices and forms, and the production of the city and its territories over a fifteen year period. The autor describes first the inception process of these artistic projects their subsequent evolution and the meaning of both individual and collective involvment and career. Then he analyses the impact of these projects on urban development and their transformation of the space and territory of the city. Particular emphasis is given to the national and international connections and networks and their influence on the artistic quality aswell as the way in which they interact with the city
Toma, Yann. „En cas d'oubli, prière d'en faire part : plasticité et mémoire collective“. Paris 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA010655.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleFagnoni, Edith. „Tourisme-loisirs et reconversion : l'exemple de la Lorraine“. Paris 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA010648.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe theme "reconversion" becomes a standing issue in the contemporary history and geography of traditional industrial ar refers to a major questioning of an economic, social, cultural and geographical system becoming obsolete. Lorraine, once regarded -with northern france- as a traditional stronghold of large industries, is one of these traditi areas severely stricken by an economic crisis promptly leading to a social crisis. The case of lorraine demonstrates how regional economy can be to a national or international crisis. This is due to the specificity of geographical, economic structures in lorraine : smaller economic areas specialised in mono industries, the overwhelming presence of large compa almost exclusively worker population. The failure of any attempt to overcome the crisis merely by converting the regiona new industrial activities has only worsened its impact and consequences. Lorraine is therefore faced to three major impe rehabilitate the industrial lands, redeploy into new activities, train its population to new qualifications. During the clear that lorraine would have to find alternatives to redeploy its traditional activities, the development of tourism a has been envisaged as a possible policy to steer away from the crisis. The present research work will investigate into t such policy to solve the problems faced by the region using two different approaches : analysing the evolution and decline of traditional industrial activities leading to the present day crisis to outline th faced by the region discussing the specific aspects of various tourism and leisure activities to identify the conditions of their implementa consequences for the regional geography. Both approaches will be implemented in four case studies in order to evaluate tourism and leisure activities as an appro to the economic and social reconversion issues in the region
Nicolas, Amélie. „Usages sociaux de la mémoire et projet d'aménagement urbain : les héritages industriels et portuaires à l'épreuve du projet de l'île de Nantes“. Nantes, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009NANT3030.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis study deals with the "Ile de Nantes" urban project, concerning a vast 350 ha area along the town centre which is meant to become a metropolitan city core and is scattered on its west part with industrial and port wastelands. The ethnographical approach and research led to the analysis of how memory is used in this ongoing regeneration process. Heritage claims put forward by association members committed to the defence of the memory of the precinct and initiated by intellectuals, historians, professionals or amateurs are opposed to a "clean sweep policy". The urban public action then turns towards a project more considering of a real heritage policy which is an important way of achieving a local consensus. However, these renewed uses of memory also take part in strategic stakes for the globalisation of Nantes considering the strong international competition between cities. The Ile de Nantes project displays its peculiarity in the way it pays attention to inherited urban forms, forms that creates the city atmosphere (conservation of cranes, halls, slabs and docks of the ship building factories for example) and marks the regenerating area. A specific memory is thus created and used in development operations, leading to a new form of narrative which is easily shared by all the actors of the urban project and can furthermore be adapted to the gentrification happening in such a regenerated area
Rodrigues, Jérémy. „Analyse de cycle de vie intégrative de filières de production de biomasse à usage industriel par la valorisation de délaissés“. Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LORR0321/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMarginal materials and lands (brownfields, byproducts, inert wastes), the management of which causes significant environmental impacts, can be valorized through soil construction in order to grow nonfood biomass (e.g. fiber, energy). This may reduce their volume and increase use of renewable resources without direct or indirect competition with food crops or biodiversity. This thesis assesses the sustainability of such supply chains with Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), considered one of the most pertinent existing methods. This thesis introduces indicators complementary to current use, in order to improve LCA’s exhaustivity and its taking into account of marginal lands’ specificities. It prioritizes impacts with respect to planetary boundaries (i.e. maximum impacts levels acceptable to avoid ecosystem disruption), average impacts in studied geographic context and added value of the supply chains. Most of these suggestions are applied to the study of a soil construction process using inert and organic wastes (LORVER). The high diversity of materials and alternative management strategies and the most certain tradeoffs and critical parameters are assessed combining uncertainty and multidimensional analysis tools. Constructed soil’s ability to stabilize carbon and pollutants is demonstrated to be its major condition for sustainability. For other impacts (ecosystem services, air quality, resources), LORVER is even less pertinent when the need for material transportation increases, and more importantly if those materials could have otherwise been used to replace commodities polluting to produce. These results highlight when LORVER can be seen as sustainable
Cenci, Jérémy. „La résilience des territoires industriels en mutation : le rôle de la valorisation du patrimoine : étude de cas du bassin transfrontalier sambrien (France – Belgique)“. Thesis, Lille 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LIL10118.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe economic crises of recent decades have resulted in the appearance across the country of numerous brownfield sites. In order to remain resilient, and with a view to urban regeneration, the country will need to make strategic decisions in terms of the preservation, conversion or destruction of industrial relicts. At the same time, the rise in population, consumption and changing lifestyles require more and more space for urban development. It now appears that priority should be given to the remediation of these disused industrial sites in order to reinvest them with new functions and architectural forms. Still, is it really necessary to destroy everything when doing so means losing so much in terms of the cultural legacy and identity represented by these brownfield sites? To find a solution to this problem, an evaluation grid to identify the disused industrial sites of high legacy value has been created using the concept of territorial resilience. To this end, we have drawn on the notions of heritage and symbolism, and the capacities for resistance and bifurcation. In order to confirm and support our research hypotheses, a number of post-industrial areas that have benefited from major redevelopments were analysed. In addition, a study site has been selected: the Val de Sambre, which has experienced both industrialisation and industrial decline. Numerous current post-industrial remains allow us to experiment with our evaluation grid and assess the disused industrial sites most suitable for redevelopment
Joly, Nicolas. „Les territoires renouvelés de l'après-charbon : loisirs et cadre de vie dans le Nord - Pas-de-Calais“. Lille 1, 2001. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/RESTREINT/Th_Num/2001/50377-2001-15-1.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleGraglia, Nadège. „Formes organisationnelles, pratiques culturelles innovantes et dynamiques communicationnelles : le cas de la Friche la Belle de Mai à Marseille“. Aix-Marseille 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008AIX10112.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSalpina, Dana. „Management of industrial brownfields in the context of the post-socialist city. The case study of Kostanay (Kazakhstan)“. Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/21097.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleRanchy, Sophie. „Le statut juridique des zones industrielles littorales et la pollution des sols : état de la réglementation et perspectives“. Phd thesis, Université du Droit et de la Santé - Lille II, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00355550.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDe, Souza e. Silva Paula Tereza. „Étude des procédés d'oxydation avancés pour le traitement de sols pollués par des Hydrocarbures Aromatiques Polycycliques“. Thesis, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007INPL014N/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleRemediation of soils contaminated by persistent organic pollutants like Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) have been widely developed after the discovery of thousands of contaminated sites all over the world. Among the organic pollutants, PAHs are considered as biorefractory compounds, relatively immobile in soils, toxic, carcinogenic and mutagenic. Several techniques have been studied to remove these pollutants from soils, as the Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOPs) that have been proposed in recent years. AOPs are considered as an attractive alternative able to clean up matrices contaminated by refractory substances. In this work, AOPs have been studied to assess their efficacy in the oxidation of PAHs contained in four soil samples from Brazil and France. These AOPs were: (i) treatment by Fenton reactant (H2O2 and Fe(II), (ii) Fenton-like reactant, i.e. Fenton reactant without Fe(II) addition, considering that naturally occurring minerals provided Fe(II), (iii) and (iv) the same treatment with UV radiation, so-called photo-Fenton and photo-Fenton like reactions, and eventually (v) potassium permanganate. In each case, the optimal conditions were determined following factorial designs. Moreover, treatment selectivity was investigated, comparing the oxidation of lower and higher molecular weight PAHs. The formation of oxidation by-procducts was also assessed. To finish, the quality of treated soils was evaluated, by measuring the physico-chemical properties and above all by germination and growth experiments with ray grass chosen as a model plant. The objective was to assess if the treatments allowed further revegetation. In all cases, good oxidation results were reached. Concerning the evaluation of soil quality, it was shown that the treatment by KMnO4, was not compatible with further revegetation. Fenton’s reactant had a good effect on soil quality for further revegetation
Remediação de solos contaminados por poluentes orgânicos persistentes tem merecido destaque devido a descoberta de milhares de áreas contaminadas em todo mundo. Dentre os poluentes orgânicos, que merecem atenção encontram-se os hidrocarbonetos políciclicos aromáticos (HPAs) pois são compostos recalcitrantes, relativamente imóvel no solo, tóxicos, carcinogênicos e mutagênicos. Várias técnicas vêm sendo estudada a fim de remover estes poluentes dos solos podendo citar atualmente os Processos Oxidativos Avançados (POAs). Os POAs trata-se de um tratamento alternativo capaz de degradar das matrizes contaminadas por substâncias refratárias. Neste trabalho, os POAs têm sido estudado para avaliar seu comportamento na oxidação dos HPAs em quatro diferentes tipos de solo, originados do Brasil e da França. Avaliou-se como esses processos se comportam em relação a uma antiga e recente contaminação, bem como avaliar a existência da seletividade em relação aos HPAs de baixo e alto peso molecular e identificar a possibilidade de formação de intermediários de oxidação. Também pretende-se analisar a qualidade do solo após o tratamento visando avaliar se este solo pode ser revegetalizado ou torna-se inerte. Os POAs que aplicados nestes solos foram: Reagente de Fenton, Reagente Fenton-like, Reagente Foto-Fenton empregando-se a radiação natural e artificial, Reagente Foto-Fenton like e Permanganato de Potássio. De uma maneira geral, resultados satisfatórios foram alcançados em todos os solos estudados para a oxidação dos HPAs pelos POAs. Em relação a avaliação da qualidade dos solos da França após aplicar os POAs , o tratamento por Permanganato de Potássio não foi compatível com o processo de revegetalização. Já o tratamento por reagente de Fenton foi compatível ao processo e ainda observou uma melhora no crescimento das plantas quando comparado ao solo contaminado
Gündogan, Göknur. „Santralistanbul : une usine en déclin, une friche culturelle en évolution : la reconversion de la friche industrielle de Silahtarağa en Santralistanbul; un espace culturel pluridisciplinaire et campus“. Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011MON30066/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSince the 1950’s, the conversion of industrial wastelands constitute an important phenomenon in Europe. Even if it is more known as a movement of urban redevelopment, it also holds a particular meaning for today’s cultural and artistic practices. These huge (vast) spaces that were abandoned by science and industries of the modern era start to become the places of alternative expressions which are convenient for exchanges between art, industry and science of contemporary times. Thus, these memorial places‐ through their particular characteristics incarnate the entity of the western contemporary societies. Starting by their facilities, the model of organization of work, and the industrial production approach that they reflect; their factories, laboratories and centers are at the crossroads of several artistic questions. The major objective of this thesis is to analyze the possibility of an interaction between art, science, and industry but also academia within the project of a particular cultural wasteland realized in Istanbul in Turkey by putting the emphasis on social –economicalechoes of such a conversion at urban level. Observing the unique example of Santralistanbul – an initiative of Bilgi University that gave life again to the ancient electricity power station of Silahtaraga‐, the point is to highlight theparticularities of the project and to focus principally on the activities concerning the domain of performing arts
Vessigaud, Sandrine. „Re-mobilisation des hydrocarbures aromatiques polycycliques de terres industrielles de cokerie et mécanismes impliqués dans le "vieillissement" du fluoranthène“. Phd thesis, Institut National Polytechnique de Lorraine - INPL, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00339421.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLévèque, Thibaut. „Biomonitoring environnemental et sanitaire des sols pollués par les éléments traces métalliques“. Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014INPT0093/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn a context where environmental health concerns are globally increasing. Improve understanding of the mechanisms and bioavailability (eco) toxicity of persistent metals pollutants is a priority, especially because of their observed omnipresence in ecosystems in relation to their compartmentation and speciation. The earthworm is used to assess soil quality; moreover this soil organism through its bioturbation activities affects biogeochemical cycles. Ecotoxicity tests under controlled circumstances on earthworms have been conducted with different soils and worms’ species. Then an impact study on earthworms’ communities was conducted on a polluted site showing a concentration gradient. The influence of earthworms’ bioturbation on phytoavailability of pollutants was studied through experiments in mesocosms and Rhizotest. Finally, in vitro measures of pollutants bioavailability were performed on polluted soils and plants in different contexts: brownfields, gardens, sports field. The objective is to study the link between bioavailability for humans, soil characteristics, context of pollution and toxicity. Two complementary approaches have been developed: scientific research related to the mechanisms and development of tools, practical procedures which could be used by managers and risk assessors. Ecotoxicity of metals and metalloid (denoted ETM) on earthworms is not simply governed by their total concentrations, but strongly depends on the physico-chemical characteristics of soils. Furthermore, analysis of earthworm communities from a contaminated site can evaluate the quality of soil since seen an impact on the abundance, diversity and rate of juvenile worms. In addition, earthworms’ bioturbation significantly increases the bioavailability of ETM for vegetable plants such as lettuce. Finally, the human bioaccessibility of ETM is governed by many factors, in particular the context of pollution. The bioaccessible fraction of ETM is directly responsible for their cytotoxicity on intestinal cells. These results were complemented by mechanistic studies (IR, EXAFS, XANES, μ-XRF)
Hanser, Ogier. „La matière organique dissoute issue de sols contaminés par des goudrons de houille : vers une meilleure compréhension de sa nature et de sa réactivité“. Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LORR0019/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleA large amount of wastelands inherited from former industrial activities contains persistent organic contamination (coal, coal tar…). While the regulation requires an evaluation of the contamination degree of these soils, it doesn’t take into account the transformation by-products such as polar compounds, poorly studied. Yet they solubilize in aqueous phase by percolation of meteoric waters through these contaminated sites. Despite the fact that literature targeting the fresh DOM is abundant, it is not directly transposable to the anthropogenic DOM coming from wastelands, which still need to be more precisely defined to improve our knowledge of this specific DOM and its evolution over time. A multi-technical approach was developed to comprehend the anthropogenic DOM coming from former coking and gas plant soils, thanks to a combination of laboratory experiments (under controlled conditions) and on field devices (lysimeters). Their study show that they contained high polycyclic aromatic compound (PAC) contents, whose proportions in polar PACs exceed the ones in soil measurements. However, these PACs only consist of a low proportion of the total DOM. Complementary experiences targeting the influence of some parameters (pH, hydrophobicity) show a major hydrophobic characteristic and suggest a strong link between the pH and the spatial DOM organization. Artificial aging experiences show an enrichment in polar compounds leading to their water mobilization