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1
ur Rehman, Anis. „Innovation and Management by Regional Rural Banks in Achieving the Dream of Financial Inclusion in India: Challenges and Prospects.“ Marketing and Management of Innovations, Nr. 1 (2020): 222–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.21272/mmi.2020.1-18.
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The Regional Rural Banks are government-owned, regionally based and rurally oriented financial institutions specialized in catering to the credit needs of the neglected and weaker sections of the society. In the recent past, RRBs have become a potent mediator for financial inclusion in rural areas. This paper summarizes the innovative methods used by the employees of these banks in deposit mobilizations, credit expansion and recovery of the loan. The primary purpose of the research is to find the problems faced by officials of these banks in marketing their services to the rural customer. The opinions of these bank officials regarding the above factors and the functioning of these banks and their impact on society have also been studied. For this purpose, a sample of 96 bank officials of Aryavart bank and Purvanchal Bank have been taken from the rural areas of Uttar Pradesh. Methodological tools of the research methods were Frequency and Chi-square test of independence which have been used to test the hypotheses developed in the study. The research empirically confirms and theoretically proves that the employees and staff of these two regional rural banks in the state are making their earnest effort to channelize the savings of rural people by mobilization of deposits by motivating them to deposit their surplus money in the regional rural banks. The bank officials are making efforts to extend credit facilities in rural areas to uplift the people economically. The bank officials are facing problems in deposit mobilization, and credit expansion in the rural areas of the state and they are managing these problems very efficiently. Some political interference was found in the functioning of these banks. In the opinion of these bank officials, the overall working of these regional rural banks is proper. The results of the research can be useful for policymakers in the government to understand the hurdles faced by regional rural banks in reaching to the poor and needy sections of the society. The insights from this paper can help the policymakers to craft innovative schemes which enable these banks to reach the most inaccessible customers in rural areas. Keywords Regional Rural Banks, deposit mobilizations, credit expansion, financial inclusion, loan recovery.
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Tigari, Harish, und M. G. Gaganadeepa. „Regional Rural Banks and Rural Development: A Case of Pragathi Krishna Gramin Bank“. Shanlax International Journal of Economics 7, Nr. 2 (15.03.2019): 68–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.34293/economics.v7i2.315.
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The rural banking is one of the important roles in rural development of our country, and the village economy is the backbone of the Indian economy. Without the development of the rural economy, the objective of economic planning cannot be achieved. Hence the Regional rural banks (RRBs) are plays a vital role in the rural development for the economy in India. The RRBs were established on October 2, 1975, with the main objective of a provisional credit to rural people who are not economically strong enough, especially the small farmers, artisans, agricultural laborers, and even small entrepreneurs. The present study is a modest attempt to rural credit structure and the role played by RRBs in the development of rural economy. The present research paper is designed in nature and makes use of secondary data. The relevant secondary data have been collected mainly through the articles, journals, books, and websites have been referred. This paper is to examine the rural credit structure in RRBs of Pragathi Krishna Gramin Bank. And this study is focused only on the specific area like loans and advances made by the RRBs for three years period of 2015-16 to the year 2017-18.
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Patnaik, B. Chandra Mohan, Ipseeta Satpathy und Avinash Supkar. „Revamping regional rural banks through Odisha Gramin Bank: a study“. International Journal of Economic Policy in Emerging Economies 7, Nr. 4 (2014): 327. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijepee.2014.066624.
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Fakhrunnas, Faaza, und Mochamad Ali Imron. „Assessing Financial Risk and Regional Macroeconomic Influence to Islamic Rural Bank Performance“. Global Review of Islamic Economics and Business 7, Nr. 1 (15.09.2019): 049. http://dx.doi.org/10.14421/grieb.2019.071-05.
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Islamic Rural Bank must deal with internal and external risks which will affect to the performance of the bank. This paper aims to assess the internal and external risks that influence to the bank performance. By adopting panel data analysis, the paper analyzes 21 biggest Islamic rural bank which as a representative of 21 provinces around Indonesia during 2013-2017 which result 420 observation period. Furthermore, Return on Asset (ROA) are utilized as dependent variable which represents Islamic rural bank’s performance. As independent variables, Non-Performing Financing (NPF) and Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) are applied as internal risk in Islamic rural bank. To analyze external risk, regional macroeconomic factors, Regional Economic Growth (REG) and Regional Inflation (RInf) are employed then Total Asset of Islamic rural bank (Size) is also used as complementary variable. Based on the analysis, this study finds that SRB has robust risk management through internal and external risk. However, REG has significant ROA that explains the performance of Islamic rural bank will depend on regional economic growth in each province.
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Jamal Wiwoho, Nugroho Saputro, Putra Pamungkas, Irwan Trinugroho, Moch. Doddy Ariefianto und Francisca Sestri Goestjahjantie. „Rural Bank and Regional Economic Development: Evidence from Indonesia“. International Journal of Business and Society 22, Nr. 2 (12.08.2021): 818–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.33736/ijbs.3761.2021.
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This paper investigates the relationship between fund reallocation on economic growth and poverty by using 1860 rural banks. Our quarterly data allow us to merge bank-level data and province level-data from 2010-2016. We find that loan-to-deposit ratio as our proxy of intermediation function could boost economic development. Our non-linear regression shows that too much finance reduces regional GDP growth but, in the long term, could help to reduce poverty. Our results provide some important policy implications that rural banks could contribute to economic development in a good way but should be highly supervised in terms of risk and competition.
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Rachmawati, Rima. „Relationship between accounting information systems implementation and corporate governance of rural banks in Indonesia“. Diponegoro International Journal of Business 2, Nr. 1 (29.06.2019): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/dijb.2.1.2019.10-17.
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The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between accounting information systems implementation and the governance of rural banks (bank perkreditan rakyat/BPR). Specifically, this study examines the effect of bookkeeping systems, financial reporting, budgeting systems, and IFRS for SMEs implementation on good corporate governance of rural banks. PLS-SEM wasemployed for data analysis to 145 rural banks registered in Regional Owned Bank Association of Central Java Indonesia. The results of data analysis found that bookkeeping systems, financial reporting and budgeting systems implemetation positively affectgood corporate governance of rural banks, while IFRS for SMEs implementation was not significantly affectgood corporate governance of rural banks.
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Prof. Nisar Ahmed Mulla, Attaullah Niazi,. „Financial Performance of Selected Regional Rural Banks in Jammu and Kashmir- An Empirical Study“. Turkish Journal of Computer and Mathematics Education (TURCOMAT) 12, Nr. 6 (05.04.2021): 2338–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/turcomat.v12i6.5282.
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Regional Rural Banks(RRBs) have been formed to serve rural areas with banking and other financial Services. These institutions were brought in the public domain through an ordinance passed by the then President of India in September 1975, with the intent of providing banking and credit facilities for the agriculture and other rural section of the society across the nation. They are key financing institutions at rural levels that provides agriculture credit in rural areas. RRBs have more access to rural areas and play a key role in strengthening the agriculture sector & rural development of India. The main objectives behind the formation of such type of vibrant institution in India was to established a link between the banks and rural households, especially in banking deprived areas. Moreover, to encourage rural savings, to generate employment opportunities, and to provide cheaper credit to the marginalised section in rural India.
Presently, the RRBs are under great pressure and going towards financial distress (As revealed from studies). In this paper, an attempt has been made to study the financial performance of Selected Regional Rural banks (RRBs) of J&K by applying “CAMEL” Model approach. The finding of the study revealed that the performance of the J&K Grameen Bank(JKGB) and Ellaquai Dehati Bank(EDB) is not up to the mark.
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Tanmay Sarker. „Performance of RRBs in pre-Merger and post-Merger period“. International Research Journal on Advanced Engineering and Management (IRJAEM) 2, Nr. 03 (16.03.2024): 281–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.47392/irjaem.2024.0042.
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Regional Rural Banks are established under the provisions of an ordinance promulgated on 26th September, 1975 and the RRB Act, 1976 with an objective to ensure sufficient institutional credit for agriculture and other rural sectors. Reforms and mergers introduced by the Government of India in consultation with Reserve Bank of India (RBI) and National Bank of Agriculture and Rural Development (NABARD) in the year 1994-95 to 2005-06. So, there is a need to study the growth and financial performance of Regional Rural banks in India in pre-Merger & post-Merger period. The study is based on secondary data collected from annual reports of NABARD and RBI. In order to provide access to low-cost banking facilities to the poor rural banking in India was started. Rural banks in those days mainly focused upon the Argo sector. RRBs in India penetrated every corner of the country and extended a helping hand in the growth process of the country. This research aim is that to analyze the financial performance of RRBs before amalgamations and after amalgamations. As spread ratio comprises of Interest income earned and interest income expensed divided by total assets. The other financial indicators such as no. of RRBs, branches, district coverage, deposits and advances have shown growth but it is not significant growth. The Internal working group of the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) suggested that merger and amalgamation of Regional Rural Banks (RRBs) may help in improving their health and viability, even as it sought to bring in new banks both public and private as sponsors of the merged RRBs.
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Jorum, Tasleema M., und Sujata S. Mali. „Performance of Regional Rural Banks after Amalgamation in India: Progress and Prospects“. Artha - Journal of Social Sciences 11, Nr. 3 (18.07.2012): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.12724/ajss.22.1.
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For the past three decades India's banking system has several outstanding achievements to its credit. The most striking is its extensive reach. It is no longer confined to only metropolitans or cosmopolitans in India. In fact, Indian banking system has reached even to the remote corners of the country. This is one of the main reasons for India's growth process. The government's regular policy for Indian banks since 1969 has paid rich dividends with the nationalization of 14 major private banks of India. Regional Rural Banks started their development process on 2 October 1975 with the formation of a single bank—Prathama Grameen Bank. The RRBs mobilize financial resources from rural/semi-urban areas and grant loans and advances mostly to small and marginal farmers, agricultural labourers and rural artisans. The area of operation of RRBs is limited to the area as notified by GoI covering one or more districts in the State. In this context, the present study is an attempt to examine the impact of amalgamation on physical performance of RRBs during post-amalgamation period.Keywords: Banking; Regional rural banks; Amalgamation; Profit and loss and economic development; NPAs and deposits.
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Widia, Syam, und Widya Prananta. „The Financial Performance Comparation of Private and Government Bank: Rural Bank Case“. Management Analysis Journal 10, Nr. 1 (22.04.2021): 77–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/maj.v10i1.46009.
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The purpose of establishing rural bank/ Bank Perkreditan Rakyat known as BPR is to improve the regional economy through credit as financial support for inclusive society. Meanwhile, the contribution of BPR/BPRS (Conventional/Sharia) owned by the Local Government to the regional economy is still small in number. It reflected in the share of productive loans/financing channeled by Local Government BPR lower than private BPR/BPRS. This study aims to Analyze Performance Difference in Private Rural Banks and Rural Banks Owned by Local Government in Central Java Province using financial performance ratios. The financial performance ratios were Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Quality of earning assets, Non-Performing Loan (NPL), Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR), and Return on Assets (ROA). The method used to analyze data is Different Tests using Independent T-test. This study used SPSS Version 23 analysis tool. The sample of this research is BPR owned by Local Government of Central Java, and Private owned BPR in Central Java Province from 2016 to 2019. Selection of sample by using purposive sampling. Based on Independent T-Test, there is a difference in the ratio of Quality of earning assets and LDR between BPR owned by Local Government and Private Rural Bank, while for the ratio of NPL, CAR, and ROA there is no difference.
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B. Y., Muhammad Firdaus, Raden Heru Kristanto und Khoirul Hikmah. „Analysis of Differences in Credit Distribution, Non-performing Loans and Profits of Rural Banks (BPR) with the Issuance of the Financial Services Authority“. Journal of Business Innovation and Research 1, Nr. 1 (19.10.2022): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.31315/jubir.v1i1.8031.
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This study aims to determine differences in credit distribution, non-performing loans, and profits at Rural Banks Owned by Regional Governments in DIY before and during the Covid-19 Pandemic after the issuance of Number 11/POJK.03/2020. This research was conducted by quantitative comparative method. The samples taken in this study are data regarding the level of lending, non-performing loans (NPL), and net income from the publication reports of Perumda BPR Bank Jogja, PT BPR Bank Sleman (Perseroda), PT BPR Bank Bantul (Perseroda), PD BPR Bank Kulon Progo Market, and PT BPR Bank Daerah Gunungkidul in 2018, 2019, 2020 and 2021. Data testing was carried out using a paired sample T/T-test using the SPSS program, with a significance value of 5%. The results of this study include differences in credit distribution at Rural Banks Owned by Regional Governments in the Special Region of Yogyakarta before and during the Covid-19 Pandemic after the issuance of Financial Services Authority Regulation (POJK) Number 11/POJK.03/2020, then there is no significant differences in non-performing loans of Regional Government-Owned Rural Banks in the Special Region of Yogyakarta before and during the Covid-19 Pandemic after the issuance of Financial Services Authority Regulation (POJK) Number 11/POJK.03/2020, as well as significant differences in bank profits Local Government-Owned People's Credit in the Special Region of Yogyakarta before and during the Covid-19 Pandemic after the issuance of Financial Services Authority Regulation (POJK) Number 11/POJK.03/2020.
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Puranjan Chakraborty und Dr. Ram Chandra Das. „Profitability of Tripura Gramin Bank and Regional Rural Bank in India: A comparison“. GIS Business 15, Nr. 1 (27.01.2020): 313–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.26643/gis.v15i1.18652.
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Tripura Gramin Bank (TGB) is the only Regional Rural Bank operating in Tripura since it’s inception in 1976. The bank was introduced for economic development of rural areas of Tripura. The prime objective of this bank was amelioration of socioeconomic condition of rural people of Tripura. The present study is an attempt to examine the status of the bank on profitability with an angle to look into financial inclusion in the state. Secondary data is used from the Annual Reports of TGB for the study period. Select parameters i.e. total income, total expenditure, non-interest income, operating expense, operating profit, net profit is used for the study. Select statistical tools i.e. CAGR, average, standard deviation, least square method; coefficient of determination is used to measure the status of profitability of TGB. The study reveals that, during the study period the profitability of TGB is improved which is the result of improvement of financial inclusion.
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Selvakumar, S., und D. Abima. „Appraisal of Financial Performance of Regional Rural Banks with Special Reference to Assam Gramin Vikash Bank, Maharashtra Gramin Vikash Bank and Karnataka Gramin Vikash Bank“. International Journal of Research in Engineering, Science and Management 3, Nr. 12 (03.01.2021): 191–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.47607/ijresm.2020.435.
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Regional Rural Banks are functioning at regional level in different States and Union Territories of India. These banks are rendering both fundamental and modern banking services. Finance is one of the most important aspects of banking business. Without proper financial planning an enterprise is unlikely to be successful in managing money. For the proper financial planning, analysis of the financial performance is required. Hence, an attempt has been made to analyse the performance of the Assam Gramin Vikash Bank, Maharashtra Gramin Bank and Karnataka Vikash Gramin Bank in terms of short term solvency, long term solvency and profitability. It is concluded that the financial performance of the Assam Gramin Vikash Bank, Maharashtra Gramin Bank and Karnataka Vikash Gramin Bank are good.
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Wijaya, Temmy. „URGENSI PEMERINTAH KABUPATEN/KOTA MENDIRIKAN BPR SYARIAH“. Profit : Jurnal Kajian Ekonomi dan Perbankan Syariah 3, Nr. 2 (31.12.2019): 80–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.33650/profit.v3i2.893.
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The purpose of this study is to analyze the urgency of the Regency / City Government in Indonesia to establish a Sharia Rural Bank in the era of regional autonomy in order to improve the standard of living of the people and increase the receipt of Regional Original Revenues (PAD). Before the birth of Sharia Rural Banks in Indonesia, the public was first familiar with the People's Credit Bank (BPR). According to Law No. 21 of 2008 stated that BPR is a conventional bank that in its activities does not provide services in payment traffic. Where conventional BPRs still apply interest systems in their operations.Sharia Rural Bank (BPRS) is a bank that conducts business activities based on Sharia principles in which its activities do not provide services in payment traffic. Law (UU) No. 21/2008 concerning Sharia Banks has specifically regulated the existence of Sharia Banks in Indonesia. The law complements and perfects Law No. 7 of 1992 concerning Banking as amended by Law No. 10 of 1998 which has not been specific so it needs to be specifically regulated in a separate Act. According to Article 18 of Law No. 21 of 2008, Sharia Banks consist of Sharia Commercial Banks and Sharia People Financing Banks.There are several objectives expected from the establishment of Sharia Rural Banks in the economy, especially in the regions (Regency / City), which are as follows:1. Improving the economic prosperity of Muslims, especially those in economically weak groups who are generally located in rural areas.2. Increase employment, especially at the sub-district level so as to reduce the flow of urbanization.3. Fostering the spirit of ukhuwah Islamiyah through economic activities in order to increase income per capita towards an adequate quality of life.4. To accelerate the rotation of economic activity, especially the real sector in the regions
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Backman, Mikaela. „Banks and new firm formation“. Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development 22, Nr. 4 (16.11.2015): 734–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jsbed-03-2013-0035.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to give a nuanced picture of how the local bank sector influences new firm formation and how this differs along the urban-rural hierarchy. Thus, the present paper increases the knowledge concerning the importance of the local bank sector in influencing new firm formation. In this respect, it also sheds light on how banks influence regional growth through their impact on start-ups. Design/methodology/approach – The empirical design is based on a cross-sectional approach from 2010, where Swedish municipalities are employed as the unit of observation. To overcome a possible endogeneity problem, an instrumental variable approach is applied. A two-stage least squares approach is employed in which instruments for the local bank sector in 2010 are utilised. Findings – The findings present positive relationships among the average size of the bank branches, independent banks per capita, bank branches per capita, bank competition, and the number of local start-ups in Sweden. Hence, access to financial funds is important for new firm formation. When the sample is divided across the urban-rural hierarchy, differences arise concerning the importance of the local bank sector. Independent banks per capita and bank branches per capita tend to have a larger impact on firm formation in rural municipalities. Originality/value – This paper is novel in its detailed approach to describing the local bank sector. This topic is important for local and national policy makers, demonstrating the importance of the local bank sector for a growing and healthy regional economy. This study is also the first study on this topic in Sweden.
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Begum, Durdana, und Badiuddin Ahmed. „Performance appraisal of regional rural banks - A study on Telangana Grameena Bank“. SAARJ Journal on Banking & Insurance Research 6, Nr. 3 (2017): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/2319-1422.2017.00009.1.
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Brahman, Beena Sagarmal. „Performance Evaluation of Bank of India and Union Bank of India with Respect to Priority Sector“. INDO-ASIAN JOURNAL OF FINANCE AND ACCOUNTING 3, Nr. 2 (2022): 161–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.47509/iajfa.2022.v03i02.08.
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It is been said that India is an agricultural country. And an Indian banking industry plays a significant role in flourishing the Indian agricultural industry. The commendable contribution of the banking sector is one of the major reasons for the upliftment of agricultural industry as a whole. As per National Statistical Office, agricultural sector contributes 20.19% to the total economy of India. Reserve Bank of India has taken an initiative specifically to foster the growth of priority sector. Establishment of Regional Rural Banks is an outcome of those reforms taken place in the banking industry. Even the major players of the Public Sector Banks are indulged vigorously to support rural India. A researcher here has put in efforts to understand and analyze the contribution and role of Bank of India and Union Bank of India in this noble initiative of Government of India. Exponential Growth rate has been considered as a tool to check the intensity of financial contribution of both banks in the upliftment of rural India.
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Sobana, Dadang Husen, Sulaeman Jajuli und Hendra Safri. „Muhammadiyah of West Java and Sharia Rural Financing Bank“. Journal of Al-Islam and Muhammadiyah Studies 1, Nr. 1 (15.06.2020): 21–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.32506/jaims.v1i1.542.
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This article reveals the urgency of Regional Director of Muhammadiyah of West Java (RDMWJ) to have Islamic Rural Financing Bank (IRFB) or Sharia Rural Financing Bank (SRFB) that in Indonesia, it is mentioned by Bank Pembiayaan Rakyat Syariah (BPRS). By using descriptive method, this article found that with the issuance of Muhammadiyah fatwa on April 3, 2010, which stated that conventional bank interest was ḥarām, it was considered important and urgent that Muhammadiyah in West Java must have RSFB (BPRS) as other Muhammadiyah Regional in Indonesia. The framework of thinking in this research begins with the presence of a financial institution in the midst of a lot of solid economic activity and business activities are a necessity. Moreover, today there are no life activities that cannot be separated from the role and function of financial institutions, the RSFB (BPRS) is one of them. By using the SWOT analysis, the research results obtained indicate that it is time for Regional Director of Muhammadiyah of West Java to establish a Sharia Rural Bank as one of the solutions to the synergy of several existing business and to show the alignments of the people who need financing.
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Ora, I. Dewa Gede Agung Dhira Natsya, und Dewa Gde Rudy. „Kedudukan Lembaga Perbankan Sebagai Pembeli Lelang Eksekusi Hak Tanggungan Atas Jaminanya“. Acta Comitas 6, Nr. 02 (29.06.2021): 310. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/ac.2021.v06.i02.p08.
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Abstract
This paper aim to develops knowledge in the field of notarial law and finds out the difference in legal standing between Rural Banks and Commercial Banks included Regional Development Banks as buyers in the auction for the executions of collateral for their collateral. Normative legal research methods is uses for this writing. The result of this study indicates that Rural Banks and Commercial Banks have different positions in the purchase of a collateral execution auction. Only Commercial Banks that stipulated in Article 12 A paragraph (1) of the Banking Act can purchase an auction for the executions of mortgage guarantees, while Rural Banks cannot become buyers in the auction for executions of collateral for their collateral.
Abstrak
Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan keilmuan dalam bidang hukum kenotariatan dan untuk mengetahui perbedaan kedudukan hukum antara Bank Perkreditan Rakyat dengan Bank Umum termasuk didalamnya Bank Pembangunan Daerah sebagai pembeli dalam lelang eksekusi hak tanggungan atas jaminannya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif. Hasil penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa Bank Perkreditan Rakyat dengan Bank Umum memiliki perbedaan kedudukan dalam pembelian lelang eksekusi hak tanggungan atas jaminannya. Bank yang dapat membeli lelang eksekusi hak tanggungan atas jaminannya hanyalah Bank Umum sebagaimana yang diatur dalam Pasal 12 A ayat (1) Undang-Undang Perbankan, sedangkan Bank Perkreditan Rakyat tidak dapat menjadi pembeli dalam lelang eksekusi hak tanggungan atas jaminannya.
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Abbas, Kalbe, Musleh-Ud Din, Ejaz Ghani und Sarfraz Khan Qureshi. „Impact of Infrastructure and Agroclimate on the Location of Rural Bank Branches in Pakistan: A Preliminary Assessment“. Pakistan Development Review 35, Nr. 4II (01.12.1996): 899–909. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v35i4iipp.899-909.
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Rural financial institutions play an important role in development and growth of the agricultural sector. In developing economies some rural areas are adequately served by financial institutions, while others have little or no access to these institutions. This uneven pattern of geographic location of rural bank branches has been attributed largely to regional differences in agroclimatic conditions and infrastructural endowments. We have estimated several alternative specifications which can be helpful in understanding the spatial distribution of commercial bank branches across the rural areas. Our results indicate that the location of rural bank branches is significantly influenced by infrastructural endowments and agroclimatic environment.
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Bapat, Dhananjay, S. Sidharthan und C. Yogalakshmi. „An analysis of financial inclusion initiatives at Odisha Gramya Bank“. Emerald Emerging Markets Case Studies 6, Nr. 3 (23.09.2016): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eemcs-09-2014-0227.
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Subject area Financial Services Marketing, Financial Inclusion, Emerging Market Studies. Study level/applicability The case is suitable for graduate management students in courses such as general management and marketing courses. It is also suitable for a specialised rural marketing course and marketing of financial services. In business schools outside India, the case can be used in a course on marketing strategies for emerging economies. The case is suitable for executive development programmes for the areas pertaining to rural banking, marketing of banking services and financial inclusion programmes. Case overview The case analyses the financial inclusion initiative by Odisha Gramya Bank, a regional rural bank set up after amalgamation of three banks in the state of Orissa, India. The topic of financial inclusion has been the attraction from bankers, policymakers and academia in light of linkage between formal financial system and inclusive growth. To harness the fortunes at the bottom of pyramid, the case looks into the development of financial inclusion, business strategies and strategies for various customer segments. Expected learning outcomes To introduce students to analyse and compare various financial inclusion options. The case is useful to comprehend the various methods of financial inclusion. To analyse the evolution of regional rural banks and Odisha Gramya Bank after its amalgamation. To appreciate the issues faced by Odisha Gramya Bank. To understand various market segment and to evaluate its potential. To suggest appropriate strategies for each market segment. To appreciate how technology can be harnessed for business correspondents. To recommend the roadmap for financial inclusion to Mr Sidharthan, Chairman, Odisha Gramya Bank. Supplementary materials Teaching notes are available for educators only. Please contact your library to gain login details or email support@emeraldinsight.com to request teaching notes. Subject code CSS 8: Marketing.
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Prananta, Widya, Yulianti Yulianti und Anita Damajanti. „ANALISIS KOMPARASI KINERJA KEUANGAN BPR MILIK SWASTA DAN BPR MILIK PEMERINTAH DAERAH DI PROVINSI JAWA TENGAH PERIODE 2014-2016“. Jurnal Akuntansi Indonesia 8, Nr. 1 (14.01.2019): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.30659/jai.8.1.57-73.
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This study aims to analyze the Differences in Performance of Private Owned Rural Banks and Local Government-Owned Rural Banks in Central Java Province by using financial performance ratios namely Non Performing Loans (NPL), Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR). ), Earning Assets Quality (KAP), Operating Income Operating Expenses (BOPO) and Return on Assets (ROA). The method used to analyze the data is the Different Test using the Independent T test. This study used the SPSS Version 19. Analysis tool.The population used in this study was BPR in Central Java. The sample of this study is the Rural Bank owned by the Central Java Regional Government and the Private Rural Banks in Central Java Province. Sample selection using purposive sampling. Based on the Independent Test of the T test, there are differences in the NPL and KAP ratios between the Regional Government-owned BPR and the Private BPR, while there are no differences in the CAR, LDR, BOPO and ROA ratios.
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Xu, Zhiwei, Xuan Liu, Renyu Li und Li Li. „The Impact of the Banking Sector and Its Heterogeneity on the Scale and Quality of China's Exports“. China: An International Journal 21, Nr. 3 (August 2023): 20–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.56159/chn.2023.a904725.
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Abstract: Using data of export transactions and the regional distribution of banking branches in China, this article examines the effect of bank development on the export scale and quality of firms. The results show that these factors are significantly enhanced by bank development. Compared to large state-owned commercial banks and rural financial institutions, the development of city commercial banks and joint-equity commercial banks has a more significant impact on improving the export scale and quality of firms. This article also examines the channels through which bank development benefits the export performance of firms. Indeed, bank development significantly increases firms' access to credit and reduces their credit costs, leading to improved export performance. These findings have important implications for financial development and export upgrading.
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Ahrendsen, Bruce L., Bruce L. Dixon und Atien Priyanti. „Growth in Agricultural Loan Market Share for Arkansas Commercial Banks“. Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics 26, Nr. 2 (Dezember 1994): 430–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1074070800026353.
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AbstractChanges in commercial bank market shares of farm debt are decomposed into portfolio decisions, loanable funds availability and loan market size for 64 counties in Arkansas from 1986 through 1990. A seemingly unrelated regression model is hypothesized to identify county characteristics that are related to changes in commercial bank market shares. Regression results indicate that county differences in economic activity, the relative risk associated with agriculture, farm structure and regional location contributed to changes in commercial bank market shares. The results imply a market niche for rural commercial banks emphasizing agricultural loans in the presence of unlimited branch banking.
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Muthu, N. „Progress of Self Help Group-Bank Linkage Programme in India“. Shanlax International Journal of Economics 9, Nr. 2 (01.03.2021): 41–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.34293/economics.v9i2.3735.
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In this paper an attempt has been made to analyse the progress of SHG-Bank linkage programme in India during the period between 2007-2008 and 2019-2020. The progress of SHG-Bank linkage programme has been analyzed in terms growth of savings of SHGs with banks and growth of bank loans disbursed to SHGs. For this purpose the data required for the study were collected from the official publication of National Bank for Agricultural and Rural Development (NABARD), different published reports, journals and existing available literature. This study employed simple statistical tools such as percentage analysis and averages to analyze the data. The result of the study shows that there is significant raise in the amount of savings of SHGs with banking sector and amount of loans disbursed to SHGs, During this study period. However the agency-wise analyses of savings of SHGs and loans disbursed to SHGs show that the Commercial banks lead in getting savings of SHGs and loans disbursed to them followed by Regional Rural Banks and Co-operative banks. Not with standing the remarkable progress, geographically there has been skewed development of SHG-Bank linkage programme in India. There is wide regional disparity in the spread of SHGs, savings of SHGs with banks and loans disbursed to SHGs under this programme. The outreach of this programme is spectacular in Southern region while North, West and Eastern regions are lagging behind. In view of the large outreach, predominant position and the possible benefits to the poor, it is very important to see the benefits of this programme to reach across all sections of the society and regions. So far the SHG movement is India is mostly South-Centric and it is yet to take off the real sense in other regions of India.
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Nufus, Nadia Hayatun, Hayatul Izmi und Ulfia Hasanah. „PENYELESAIAN KREDIT MACET SEKTOR AGRIBISNIS PADA PERUSAHAAN DAERAH BPR ROKAN HULU MENURUT UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 10 TAHUN 1998 TENTANG PERUBAHAN ATAS UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 7 TAHUN 1992 TENTANG PERBANKAN“. SEIKAT: Jurnal Ilmu Sosial, Politik dan Hukum 1, Nr. 2 (28.12.2022): 69–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.55681/seikat.v1i2.226.
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One of the financial institutions experiencing credit problems in the Pasir Pangaraian area is PD BPR Rohul. The number of customers in 2021 is 1170 customers with a loan amount of Rp. 37,091,711,617, where bad loans amounted to Rp. 2,388,181,879 of which agribusiness credit is the type of credit with the most bad loans, which is Rp. 1,600,782,615. The problems in this study are the factors that cause the occurrence of bad loans in the Agribusiness Sector at the Rokan Hulu Rural Bank Regional Company, how to resolve the Agribusiness Sector bad loans and the obstacles faced by the Rokan Hulu Rural Bank Regional Company in credit settlement. Agribusiness sector traffic jam. This research is a sociological research located at the Regional Company of BPR Rokan Hulu. The data sources used in this research are Primary Data, Secondary Data and Tertiary Data with Data Collection Techniques using Interviews and Library Studies. Based on the discussion, the authors conclude that the rights and obligations of each party based on the credit agreement include the ceiling and intended use of credit, term and schedule, interest rates, fees and administrative costs, insurance, power of attorney, guarantees, fines, interest in arrears, defaults, execution of collateral, change of domicile, notification, change, validity period, legal domicile and closing articles. Settlement of bad loans in the Agribusiness Sector at the Rokan Hulu Rural Bank Regional Company is carried out by rescheduling, reconditioning and liquidation. Obstacles faced by the Rokan Hulu People's Bank Regional Company in resolving bad loans in the Agribusiness Sector in the form of agribusiness businesses that are not managed properly, collateral sold privately, customers experience ongoing internal problems, customers are in debt, customers are difficult to communicate with, change addresses, influence PD BPR Rohul staff and customers avoid deliberations.
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Siti Zulaikha, Mauizhotul Hasanah, Faris Kurnia Hakim,. „The Effect of Islamic Rural Banks (BPRS) on Regional Economies in Java“. Jurnal Ekonomi 24, Nr. 2 (26.09.2019): 256. http://dx.doi.org/10.24912/je.v24i2.590.
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The financial sector in a region can spur the pace of economic movements, especially with the contribution of banks in the micro sector as an intermediary tool in channeling funds to productive investments that encourage the real sector, especially in the micro sector, which will produce aggregate output. The purpose of this study is to analyze the extent of the Islamic Rural Bank (BPRS), which is an Islamic microfinance institution for the economy on the island of Java. This study uses secondary data during the period from January 2016 to December 2018. This study uses the Ordinary Least Square Data Panel method. The empirical results show that part of Total Assets does not have a significant negative effect on GRDB. While the total financing and Third Party Funds (TPF) partially does not have a significant positive effect on GRDB. Also, simultaneously the overall independent variables together have a significantly positive effect on GRDB.
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Sujadi, Sujadi, Busaini Busaini, I. Dewa Gde Bisma, I. Nyoman Nugraha Ardana Putra und Nengah Sukendri. „Kemampuan Bertahan BPR Kepemilikan Pemerintah Saat Pandemi“. JURNAL SOSIAL EKONOMI DAN HUMANIORA 8, Nr. 1 (28.03.2022): 84–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.29303/jseh.v8i1.28.
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This research aims to explain the difference between a Rural Bank (BPR) company in the form of a Limited Liability Company (PT) and a Regional Business Enterprise (PD) in terms of profit and operational efficiency. Its means that research can help the government make decisions and direct policies related to changes in the form of business entities through the privatization process. The comparison between the two types of business entities included in the Comparative Research category and compared BPRs managed by the private sector (PT) with BPRs whose management to determined by the Regional Government (PD) or whose management is with local government intervention. Observations on Rural Banks in West Nusa Tenggara (NTB), which had experienced the COVID-19 pandemic since early 2020. The comparison of profit and operation by yield and efficiency in doing business. Carried Efforts to make comparisons were carried out through independent t-test analysis. This study shows that regional government-owned BPRs can better survive a pandemic to generate profits and efficiency.
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Assvani, Meena. „Growth and performance of regional rural banks-With special reference to Baroda Rajasthan Keshtriya Gramin Bank“. Asian Journal of Multidimensional Research (AJMR) 8, Nr. 3 (2019): 179. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/2278-4853.2019.00096.x.
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Ansong, David, Gina Chowa und Bernice Korkor Adjabeng. „Spatial analysis of the distribution and determinants of bank branch presence in Ghana“. International Journal of Bank Marketing 33, Nr. 3 (18.05.2015): 201–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijbm-09-2013-0103.
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Purpose – Expanding access to financial services for the 70 percent of Ghanaians who are unbanked is critical. Bank branches have been the primary channel for financial service delivery, but this may be changing because of technological innovations. Analysts believe branch-based banking still has a role in promoting financial inclusion. The purpose of this paper is to examine the pattern of bank branch presence across rural and urban Ghana; the disparities in the spatial distribution of domestic, foreign, and rural and community bank branches; and the district level characteristics associated with the pattern of spatial distribution of bank branches. Design/methodology/approach – The study uses spatial analyst tools, geographically weighted Poisson regression, and data from Ghana’s banking sector to show the inequality in availability of branch-based services and to highlight the district and regional level differences in the determinants of branch allocation. Findings – The study finds evidence of inequality in access to financial services. Physical bank branches are disproportionately more accessible in the urban south compared to the rural north. The study also finds that population size, percentage of urban residents, workforce size, and literacy level are associated with bank allocation but the results vary by district. Practical implications – Branch banking needs modernization to continue to bring financial services in closer proximity. Development of physical and electronic infrastructure could attract financial institutions to serve deprived areas with significant concentration of unbanked populations. Originality/value – Findings of the study point to the need for banks to re-envision branch banking technology to make branch banking more interactive. Banks need to find ways to fuse transferable elements of mobile phone banking into branch-based banking, not just to attract younger technology-savvy customers but also to help make operations more attractive, efficient, and cost effective.
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Ray, Poulami, und Bhagirath Das. „Evaluating the Magnitudes of Finance Availed by Farmers from Different Financial Agencies in the North-East Indian State of Tripura“. Asian Journal of Agricultural Extension, Economics & Sociology 41, Nr. 7 (15.05.2023): 81–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ajaees/2023/v41i71947.
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The current research was carried out in the West Tripura district of Tripura to examine the magnitude of agricultural financing availed by borrowers. A total of 120 farmers were chosen by implementing a multistage random sampling design to conduct a comprehensive analysis. Sector-wise advances of banks in West Tripura showed an increasing trend, and the percentage share to the agricultural sector was 34.27 %, whereas it was 65.72 % in the non-farm sector in 2020-21. The amount of loans availed by sample borrowers from Regional Rural Bank (42.88%) was the highest, followed by public sector banks (34.48%), cooperative banks (19.80%) and least from private sector banks (1.84%). Loans for both crop and allied activities were obtained by the beneficiaries from the selected bank branches of the district.
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Sharma, Ashutosh. „MARKET RESEARCH SERVICES OF BANKS AND THEIR IMPACT ON PERCEPTION OF SERVICE USERS“. INTERANTIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 08, Nr. 04 (30.04.2024): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.55041/ijsrem32656.
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Banks are still playing a very important role in our nation's economic development. They play an important role in the promotion of industry and commerce. The general aim of banks is to provide the peoples with monetary services, including business for their different plans. In India, the bank covers private banks, and the public banks, international banks, rural regional banks, and cooperative banks. They receive customer-term securities. Most banks have trained components to handle the financial requirements of short-scale industrial units in an organizational arrangement. Banking is a very complex, but exciting topic because it involves knowledge of economics, sociology, psychology, the essence of marketing, and banking concepts. It is the customer with the highest degree of influence in marketing. The motto of effectively selling bank goods is a in a technical and traditional manner to meet the needs of the customers. Bank, therefore, need to incorporate additional research and market intelligence to promote innovation to ensure the loyalty of customers and as well as to be aware of improvements market conditions (Ojha, V.K, 2004
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C, Dhanalakshmi. „A Study on Non-Performing Asset at Co-Operative Societies in India“. South Asian Research Journal of Business and Management 6, Nr. 01 (10.02.2024): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.36346/sarjbm.2024.v06i01.001.
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The performance of a country's financial system reflects in a country's growth. India is striving to be one of the developed countries. Our country is going through many changes as it strives to be at the top of the world. The financial system is the mainstay of any country in India and the banking system plays an important role in the financial system. In a country like India, where 70% of the population lives in rural areas agriculture is a main occupation, which accounts for more than 30% of GDP. Banks and cooperatives in the public and private sectors play an important role in accelerating credit services to rural areas. India has 12 public sector banks, 22 private sector banks, 42 foreign banks, 56 regional rural banks, 1485 urban cooperative banks 96000 rural cooperative banks in addition to Credit Cooperative Bank. The obstacle for cooperative societies and banking institutions is NPA non-performing assets. The focus of this paper is to study NPA in Indian cooperatives and the impact of NPA on the profitability of cooperatives, the remedies for NPA problems to improve the performance of cooperatives.
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Singh, Bhushan, und Sandeep Singh. „Financial inclusion: a tool for socio- economic development“. Journal of Management and Science 1, Nr. 3 (30.06.2015): 230–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.26524/jms.2015.19.
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Financial inclusion is one of the buzz-words in the development circles lately.It is also one of the major challenges throughout the world today and every government is taking different measures to make this dream come true. Various initiatives were taken up by Reserve Bank of India(RBI)/Government of India(GOI) like nationalization of banks, expansion of bank branch network, establishment & expansion of cooperative and Regional Rural Banks (RRBs), leadbank schemes, formation of Self Help Groups(SHGs), Micro Finance Institutions (MFIs) and Business correspondent model etc.in order to ensure financial inclusion. Besides all these initiativesas per census, 2011, out of 24.67 crore household in the country, only 14.48 crore (58.7%) households had access to organized banking services. To remove this disparity,government launched Pardhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojna(PMJDY)with the objective to ensure universal access to banking facility with at least one basic bank account for every household.Government has successfully opened more than 12.5crore bank account throughvarious banks and mobilized more than INR10,000 crore deposits up to January, 2015. In this context, this paper is an attempt to study the current trends in financial inclusion in India with special reference to PMJDY.
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Carki, Carki, Jawade Hafidz und Nanang Sri Darmadi. „The Provision of Unsecured Micro Business Loans at Bank BKC Susukan Branch Office of Cirebon Regency“. Sultan Agung Notary Law Review 4, Nr. 3 (15.08.2022): 822. http://dx.doi.org/10.30659/sanlar.4.3.822-831.
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Micro Business Credit is financing for Micro, Small, Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in the form of providing working capital supported by guarantee facilities for productive businesses. Bank BKC Susukan Branch of Cirebon Regency is a Regional Rural Bank in addition to conventional commercial banks such as BNI, BTN, Bank Mandiri, Bukopin, Mandiri Syariah Bank which is trusted by the government to distribute business loans. The phenomenon that occurs, through this Micro Business Credit, the borrower does not need to provide collateral to the bank because this credit is a loan without collateral and has been guaranteed by the government. This does not mean that if the program has been borne by the government, this program can run smoothly and in accordance with the desired expectations. Basically, this loan is one of the BANK BKC program for the Susukan Branch Office where the bank is the place for micro business credit to be distributed to the public, of course with the internal policies and requirements of the bank. Therefore, unsecured credit is facilitated by this bank because it is basically micro-enterprises that drive the economy of the area, therefore with the aim of helping the micro community, banks also benefit from good economic movements, so that bank activities in the bank's business will be good because with the existence of a given credit means that the bank earns a relatively high interest considering that the loan is given without any collateral.
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Prasetyo, P. Eko, Andryan Setyadharma und Nurjannah Rahayu Kistanti. „The Relationship Between Institutions and Business Opportunities Toward Economic Growth“. Economics Development Analysis Journal 8, Nr. 4 (05.01.2020): 281–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/edaj.v8i4.36311.
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This study aimed at explaining the relationship, and effects of human capital, entrepreneurial business opportunities, institutional economics, and regional economic growth. It was carried out to develop fundamental microeconomic model in rural development to assist human capital roles and institutions as well as entrepreneurial business for the economic growth. Further, the researchers used simultaneous system method in form of a recursive correlational path analysis model. This modeling system provides simplicity and easy understanding. The main source of the data were the empirical micro fundamental data of the business doers in rural areas measured by Gini index ratio. The findings showed that human capital and institutions were the main pillars in improving the quality of regional economic growth. Interestingly, there was a strong relationship between business opportunities and economic growth. However, the business opportunities had significantly negative effect toward the regional economic growth. These indicate the existence of a disturbance outside the model, namely the presence of bank credit which apparently made the business doers suffered losses. In this way, there is a need to examine further the reasons why the bank credits given to MSMEs negatively effect the economic growth.
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Tarannum Jahan, Arfath Jahan, L Manjula, Lubna Ruheen, Madigani Sravanthi und Madiha Fatima Maryam. „A Study on Agricultural Loans offered by NABARD to Farmers“. International Research Journal on Advanced Engineering and Management (IRJAEM) 2, Nr. 04 (08.04.2024): 860–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.47392/irjaem.2024.0115.
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This study delves into the comprehensive landscape of agricultural loans disbursed by the National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (NABARD) to farmers in India. The research scrutinizes the varied purposes for which these loans are extended, encompassing crop cultivation, animal husbandry, dairy farming, poultry, fisheries, and agro-processing. Emphasizing the different loan types – short-term, medium-term, and long-term – the investigation explores the interest rates associated with each category and evaluates the role of government subsidies in enhancing affordability. Additionally, the study investigates the credit delivery mechanism facilitated by NABARD through cooperative banks, regional rural banks, and commercial banks, ensuring an inclusive approach to reach farmers across diverse strata. The research underscores the technological impetus provided by NABARD, encouraging farmers to adopt modern agricultural practices and technologies. Special attention is given to risk mitigation measures, including crop insurance, designed to shield farmers from losses arising due to unforeseen circumstances. Keywords: NABARD, Agricultural Loans, Farmer Financing, Credit Delivery, Government Subsidies, Rural Development, Risk Mitigation, Financial Inclusion, Technological Adoption, Indian Agriculture.
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Oriya, Surabhi H., und Varsha Virani. „Emerging Trends and Opportunities in the Changing Banking Scenario: A Study of Developing Countries“. Journal of Social Commerce 3, Nr. 1 (29.04.2023): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.56209/jommerce.v3i1.62.
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A developed banking system is now very well established, including many kinds of banks, including public sector banks, foreign banks, both old and new private sector banks, regional rural banks, and cooperative banks with funding from the Reserve Bank of India. The banking sector is expanding at a rate that has never been seen before, and it is becoming more diverse than at any other time in the history of banking. In most developing nations, bank assets make up well over 80% of all financial sector assets, although these percentages are noticeably lower in established markets. More than two-thirds of his banking assets are held by the five largest (often local) banks in the majority of developing nations. The alteration in the nature of the dominant structure in the landscape is of utmost importance. Since the 1980s, banks have grown in size and the range of their operations, with some developing into very large institutions dispersed across the nation. This essay analyzes the changes and advancements in the Indian banking sector.
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Karunakaran, S., und N. Gopinathan. „Role of Digitalisation in Rural Banking Sector in Madurai, India“. Finance: Theory and Practice 27, Nr. 1 (10.03.2023): 76–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.26794/2587-5671-2023-27-1-76-90.
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The Indian banking sector has reached greater heights in recent days because of adopting and involving in the Digitalisation of banking. Though India is moving forward with digitalisation process, our nation faces several setbacks and opposition, which has to be crossed specifically in the rural banking system. The current research work has attempted to examine these challenges and setbacks which are found commonly in rural banking digitalisation. This paper aims in analysing the impacts and influences of Digitalisation in rural banks of Madurai city, Tamil Nadu. Moreover, the study is surveying multiple influencing factors like literacy rate, education qualification, income quality, gender equality and socio-economic position. Finally, some suggestions and conceptions to increase the maximum reach of knowledge and importance regarding the Digitalisation of banks in rural regions are suggested to the government and banking sectors. Regional based loan schemes and mechanisms and procedures must be encouraged by banks. Income assessment, repayable capacity in the rural areas of Madurai has to be initiated. The study focuses on research-based on quantitative tools. The Study aims in explaining the various positive outcomes of bank digitalisation via digital banking and financial inclusion here in India. The present study provides the awareness of the digital world and the advantages of adopting them in rural India for various banking services. The paper concludes that there is a need for digital establishments and digital banking in most rural areas all over India.
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Goyal, Sahil. „E-BANKING, ITS GROWTH & FUTURE IN INDIA“. INTERANTIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 08, Nr. 04 (01.05.2024): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.55041/ijsrem32541.
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Businesses make investments in e-business and the technology that supports it. Applications for e-business, like supply chain management and customer relationship management, boost innovative product and service offers, strong customer relationships, and transaction efficiency and scope economies. Companies find it challenging to turn these advantages into revenues or economic value, though. Many enterprises that have started online have failed to generate profits. According to a 2001 AMR Research Inc. survey, businesses would continue to spend more on e- business even in a recession. At best, though, these investments have yielded a mediocre return. Conventional Banking To conduct standard banking functions including cash withdrawals, fund transfers, and account inquiries, clients must physically visit the bank's branch. However, clients using e-banking can complete these transactions 24/7 from the comfort of their homes or workplaces using desktops or laptops and electronic media. We call this banking—anytime, anyplace. Consumers don't need to wait in line, deal with tellers, deal with constrained banking hours—all they need to do is visit the bank's website to examine their account details and do transactions as needed. The Banking System in India Scheduled and non-scheduled banks were distinguished under the Reserve Bank of India Act, 1934. The Second Schedule of the RBI Act, 1934 lists scheduled banks, which include state co-ops, regional rural banks, and commercial banks (both foreign and Indian). The banks not listed in this schedule are considered non-scheduled. Three types of banks comprise India's organized banking system: co-ops, regional rural banks, and commercial banks. The Reserve Bank of India, the nation's highest monetary and financial body, is in charge of managing the banking sector. Banks for commerce, which have been in place for many years encourage urban savings and make them available to trading and industrial organizations for working capital needs. Commercial banks were divided into public sector banks, sometimes known as nationalized banks, and private sector banks after 1969.
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Siemiński, Paweł, Jakub Hadyński, Jarosław Lira und Anna Rosa. „Regional Diversification of Electricity Consumption in Rural Areas of Poland“. Energies 14, Nr. 24 (17.12.2021): 8532. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14248532.
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Access to energy, including electricity, determines countries’ socio-economic development. The growing demand for electricity translates into environmental problems. Energy is therefore a crucial element of the European Union’s sustainable development strategy. This article aims to present the changes taking place in the electricity market in Poland considering the goals of the energy policy until 2040. This is the basis for the determination of the scale of processes taking place in the Polish energy sector from two perspectives, i.e., the production of electricity considering its level and energy carriers used, and the consumption of electricity in households depending on their location (rural vs. urban areas). The research was conducted at the regional level (NUTS 2 until 2017) in Poland. Secondary data from the Central Statistical Office (GUS) contained in the Local Data Bank were used, along with information from the European Commission and Eurostat websites. Results of the study made it possible to identify areas in which a greater environmental load is observed due to increasing electricity consumption. The coefficient of localization and concentration (by Florence) and the rate of change were applied. These results indicate that, in Poland, it is now the rural areas that have a greater negative environmental impact than urban areas, resulting from differences in unit energy consumption. Compared to the other provinces, rural areas of Podlaskie province had the highest rate of growth in energy consumption in the years 2004–2019, with an annual average of almost 20%.
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Nanda, Ulfanora Nanda, und Nanda Utama Utama. „Kebijakan Kredit Melalui Bank Perkreditan Rakyat Bagi UMKM Dalm Meningkatkan Pertumbuhan Ekonomi Nasional“. Jurnal Ilmu Hukum 12, Nr. 1 (03.03.2023): 101. http://dx.doi.org/10.30652/jih.v12i1.8456.
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Credit policy is a state goal to provide opportunities for the community to build businesses or businesses that have an impact on the nation's economic drive systemically. Banking financial institutions that serve credit financing products as products that are often in demand by customers in order to open a business by offering a prospectus for business activities. The existence of Rural Banks (BPR) has a significant role for local communities in the context of regional economic development. Broadly speaking, the role of BPR is not only in channeling funds to the public, but the bank and its customers work together to build a project through a financing product called profit sharing (dividend). The research method uses normative juridical (doctrinal research) with a qualitative approach, which in processing and analyzing data does not use numbers, symbols, and mathematical variables, but rather an in-depth understanding by reviewing the laws and regulations. The results of the study explain that, Developments in credit policy resulted in a change and were able to overcome the problem of instability in a country. Rural Banks have a policy of limiting credit distribution which is regulated in a regulation in order to achieve a productivity of capital to be distributed. The government through the Job Creation Law is to create an MSME ecosystem that is more integrated with investment and workers (human resources) for the sake of sustainability and the continuity of productive capital distribution. With the people's credit policy, regional creative products can be recognized and provide business opportunities for business actors in the region
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Morozkina, Alexandra. „Regional Perspective of Digitalization in BRICS“. International Organisations Research Journal 15, Nr. 4 (01.12.2020): 70–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.17323/1996-7845-2020-04-04.
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This article is aimed at evaluation of regional digital inequality in BRICS countries. Using the data for 2014-2018 on internet usage and access to fixed broadband author calculates inequality ratios, including coefficient of variation and Theil index. Also author analyzes rural/urban differences and their dynamics. On the base of this calculations author shows decrease of regional inequality in all five countries. Further analysis is devoted to national digitalization strategies, which are aimed at development of remote areas and bridging digital divide. Author shows that there are measures in each strategy aimed at bridging digital divide on all three levels (infrastructure, usage and results). In a final part of the article author suggests directions for cooperation in BRICS, including exchange of best practices in realization of national strategies, composition of best practices in integrated measures aimed at development of remote areas and joint financing using opportunities provided by the New Development Bank.
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Kozera, Agnieszka, und Joanna Stanisławska. „REGIONAL DIVERSITY OF HOUSING CONDITIONS OF THE POPULATION LIVING IN RURAL AREAS IN POLAND“. Annals of the Polish Association of Agricultural and Agribusiness Economists XXI, Nr. 4 (28.10.2019): 233–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.5483.
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The aim of the study is to assess the regional differentiation of housing conditions of the population living in rural areas and their changes in Poland between 2004 and 2016. Research was conducted on the basis of secondary data from the Central Data Bank of the CSO. Due to the complex nature of the studied phenomenon, the Ward method was used to identify typological classes of the housing condition level of the population in rural areas in a system of voivodships. A total of two typological classifications of voivodships were performed – the first in view of the level of housing conditions of the population living in rural areas in 2016, and the second in view of the level of changes in the housing conditions of the surveyed population that occurred in 2016, in relation to 2004. As a result of the research, it was found that in 2016, rural areas in the Dolnośląskie, Śląskie, Opolskie and Zachodniopomorskie voivodships were characterized by the highest level of housing conditions of the population. The lowest level of housing conditions of the population living in rural areas was observed in the Podlaskie voivodship. Dynamic, favourable changes were observed in the housing conditions of the population living in rural areas in the conditions of European integration, both in terms of accessibility and quality of housing resources. The highest increase in the percentage of dwellings equipped with central heating and network gas was observed in rural areas in the following voivodships: Dolnośląskie, Pomorskie, Wielkopolskie and Zachodniopomorskie. On the other hand, the largest increase in the percentage of dwellings equipped with a toilet and network water supply occurred in rural areas in the Lubelskie, Łódzkie, Mazowieckie, Podlaskie and Świętokrzyskie voivodships.
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Griffin, Cassandra, Ricardo Vilain, Simon King, Sandy Nixon, Alisha Gooley, Samara Bray, James Lynam, Marjorie M. Walker, Rodney J. Scott und Christine Paul. „Mind Over Matter: Confronting Challenges in Post-Mortem Brain Biobanking for Glioblastoma Multiforme“. Biomarker Insights 16 (Januar 2021): 117727192110133. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/11772719211013359.
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Over the past 10 years, there has been limited progress for the treatment of brain cancer and outcomes for patients are not much improved. For brain cancer researchers, a major obstacle to biomarker driven research is limited access to brain cancer tissue for research purposes. The Mark Hughes Foundation Brain Biobank is one of the first post-mortem adult brain banks in Australia to operate with protocols specifically developed for brain cancer. Located within the Hunter New England Local Health District and operated by Hunter Cancer Biobank, the boundaries of service provided by the Brain Bank extend well into the surrounding regional and rural areas of the Local Health District and beyond. Brain cancer biobanking is challenging. There are conflicting international guidelines for best practice and unanswered questions relating to scientific, psychosocial and operational practices. To address this challenge, a best practice model was developed, informed by a consensus of existing data but with consideration of the difficulties associated with operating in regional or resource poor settings. The regional application of this model was challenged following the presentation of a donor located in a remote area, 380km away from the biobank. This required biobank staff to overcome numerous obstacles including long distance patient transport, lack of palliative care staff, death in the home and limited rural outreach services. Through the establishment of shared goals, contingency planning and the development of an informal infrastructure, the donation was facilitated within the required timeframe. This experience demonstrates the importance of collaboration and networking to overcome resource insufficiency and geographical challenges in rural cancer research programmes.
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Warsito, Bayu Rangga, und Albertus Sentot Sudarwanto. „PENYELESAIAN KREDIT MACET DENGAN AGUNAN YANG DIAMBIL ALIH (AYDA) SEBAGAI UPAYA PERLINDUNGAN KREDITUR DI PERSEROAN DAERAH BPR BANK KLATEN“. Jurnal Hukum dan Pembangunan Ekonomi 7, Nr. 2 (16.07.2020): 187. http://dx.doi.org/10.20961/hpe.v7i2.43003.
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<p>Abstract<br />This article was aimed to find out the resolution of bad credits with Collateral procedures are taken over (AYDA) at the Regional Company BPR Bank Klaten the effort against the debtor as one lender protection efforts. This research is a study of empirical law that is descriptive to describe. Data collection techniques are conducted with interviews, observations or observations literature studies. Based on the results of the research and the discussion produced drawing a<br />conclusion. First, the settlement of bad credit at the Regional Company BPR Bank Klaten with the debtor sent by the provision of a warning letter for three times, then do the call in written and spoken, then do negosiation to turn over as collateral by AYDA perform procedure. Second, the impediments that experienced by the Regional Company BPR Bank Klaten in the face of non-perfoming loans that is a lack of idea of being careful with a field officer, the existence of<br />faith not good from a debtor, and the existence of the disasters which hit a debtor. While from the regulation those are many requirements in notarial required in AYDA, and the term of selling collateral maximum one year.</p><p>Keywords: Settlement Of Bad Credit; AYDA; The Protection Of Creditors; The Company Of The Rural Banks.</p><p>Abstrak<br />Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penyelesaian kredit macet dengan prosedur Agunan yang diambil alih (AYDA) pada Bank Perkreditan Rakyat Klaten terhadap debitur sebagai salah satu upaya perlindungan kreditur. Penelitian hukum ini merupakan penelititan hukum empiris yang bersifat deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan yaitu wawancara narasumber dan studi kepustakaan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan pembahasan, dihasilkan simpulan. Kesatu, penyelesaian kredit macet pada BPR Klaten dengan debitur dilakukan dengan pemberian Surat Peringatan hingga tiga kali, kemudian melakukan pemanggilan secara lisan dan tertulis, kemudian negosiasi untuk menyerahkan agunan dengan melaksanakan prosedur AYDA. Kedua, hambatan yang dialami oleh BPR Klaten dalam menghadapi kredit macet yaitu kurangnya ketelitian petugas lapangan, adanya itikad tidak baik dari debitur, dan adanya musibah yang menimpa debitur. Sedangkan dari regulasi, hambatan yang ada yaitu banyaknya persyaratan secara Notarial yang dibutuhkan dalam AYDA, dan jangka waktu penjualan yang terlalu cepat yaitu maksimal satu tahun.</p><p>Kata Kunci: Penyelesaian Kredit Macet; AYDA; Perlindungan Kreditur; Perseroan Daerah BPR Bank Klaten.</p>
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Rakowska, Joanna. „RURAL COMMUNES OF ŚLĄSKIE AND KUJAWSKO-POMORSKIE VOIVODSHIPS AS BENEFICIARIES OF REGIONAL OPERATIONAL PROGRAMS 2007-2013“. Annals of the Polish Association of Agricultural and Agribusiness Economists XX, Nr. 6 (10.12.2018): 218–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0012.7764.
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The aim of the paper was to identify and compare the results of EU funds absorption from regional operational programs 2007-2013 by the rural communes of Śląskie and Kujawsko-Pomorskie Voivodships. The study was based on secondary data from the Local Data Bank of the Central Statistical Office and the SIMIK database. The financial results of absorption of EU funds from ROP s by rural communes differ significantly between the discussed voivodships and within Śląskie, while they are relatively unified in Kujawsko-Pomorskie. The structure of spending the funds obtained, by the SIMIK priorities, varies in both regions, although the very high share of expenditures on regional and local roads is the common feature. Only moderate correlactions between absorption value with average annual population and average annual revenues of commune budgets in kujawsko-pomorskie were statistically significant.
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Adamowicz, Mieczysław. „European Funds for Rural Areas and Regional Convergence of Agriculture in Poland“. Economic and Regional Studies / Studia Ekonomiczne i Regionalne 12, Nr. 1 (01.03.2019): 12–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ers-2019-0002.
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SummarySubject and purpose of work: The aim of the article is to assess the phenomena of sigma convergence of labour productivity in agriculture and other sectors of rural economy in Polish regions during 2003 – 2014 in the context of the amount of European funds designated for agriculture and rural areas. European supprt was compared to the Gross Added Value of agriculture, forestry, hunting and fishery.Materials and methods: The subject literature and statistical data received from the Agricultural Modernization Agency and the Local Data Bank of the Central Statistical Office were used. The empirical data regarding the level of agriculture in regions as well as the data on the resources utilised from the European Union were examined in order to assess the correlation between them and the phenomenon of regional sigma-convergence.Results: The study confirms the sigma convergence of the Gross Value Added per units of funding obtained from the European Union Budget and different level of sigma convergence of GVA / PE in regions.Conclusions: Sigma convergence assessment of the Gross Value Added per person employed in regions shows that in the analyzed period three phases could be distinguished: convergence (2003 – 2008), divergence (2008 – 2010) and stagnation (2010 – 2014).
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Firsov, A. I., und G. A. Ermakova. „FEATURES OF DYNAMICS OF THE MAIN AGE GROUPS OF RURAL POPULATION OF THE REGION“. Scientific Review Theory and Practice 11, Nr. 7 (2021): 2022–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.35679/2226-0226-2021-11-7-2022-2038.
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Regional features of dynamics of number of country people of the Saratov region and its main age groups, efficiency of implementation of federal target programs on growth of number of youth are shown in article. Parameters of national structure of rural areas at which in the region its reliable influence on demographic indicators is noted are determined. It is revealed that the number of country people of the Saratov region from 2011 to 2019 was reduced by 10%. The working-age population was reduced by 18%, is younger than working- age – for 8%, is more senior than working-age grew by 8%. The share of working-age population in the total number of the population was reduced from 69 to 54%, is more senior than able-bodied grew from 24 to 29%. At the same time, the share of the population is younger than working-age across the Saratov region grew from 17.0% in 2011to 17.3% in 2019. Steady growth of a share of youth in structure of the population is connected with increase in birth rate as a result of implementation of federal target programs. The peak of efficiency fell on 2015–2016. Results of execution of the regional program «Sustainable Development of Rural Territories of the Saratov Region for 2014-2020» are analysed. In the Right bank the share of youth grew from 15.9% in 2011 to 16.4% in 2015–2016, but then was reduced to 15.8%. On certain Right-bank areas where Russians in structure of the population from 80 to 96%, the share of youth decreased from 23 to 35%. In the Left bank the youth share in 2015– 2016 grew from 18.2 to 19.4% and decreased to 18.9% in 2019. The reliable negative correlative dependence between the number of Russians in structure of the population and youth number is established.
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Sipahutar, Ida Rumondang, Evita Sari und Azizah Surayya Warman. „Determinants of BPR Competitiveness in New Normal Era“. International Journal of Financial Systems 1, Nr. 2 (25.04.2024): 245–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.61459/ijfs.v1i2.38.
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As the rural bank in Indonesia, Bank Perkreditan Rakyat (BPR) serves people with limited products and services and is less regulated compared to Commercial Banks. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the growth rate of BPR slowed down. We developed a hypothesis on the negative influence of financial technology (fintech) on the competitiveness and performance of BPR. Using all BPR companies and 22 Fintech Lending companies as samples to measure the HHI and Lerner Index, we found that BPR and Fintech Lending companies were competing in an unconcentrated market. Several variables could not be examined while studying the determinants of BPR’s competitiveness, including Regional GDP, BOPO, third party funds, Loan Credit, ROE, NIM, and CAR. Several determinants, such as the NPL, Fintech Lending, and COVID-19 pandemic, were found to have significant negative impacts on the BPR’s competitiveness. Interestingly, BPR’s banking digitalization, as represented by its IT capability, was found to be not significant in this study.