Dissertationen zum Thema „Reconnaissance spécifique protéine/ARN“
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Campagne, Sébastien. „Déterminants structuraux de la reconnaissance spécifique de l'ADN par le domaine THAP de hTHAP1 et implications dans la dystonie DYT6“. Toulouse 3, 2010. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/901/.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe THAP protein family is characterized by the presence of a protein motif designed the THAP domain. The THAP domain of hTHAP1 defines a new C2CH zinc coordination motif responsive of the DNA binding essential for transcription factor function of the hTHAP1 protein implicated in cell proliferation regulation. On the structural frame, the THAP domain is characterized by an atypical fold including C2CH zinc coordination and the long insertion between the two zinc ligand pairs adopt a ßaß fold. Specific DNA binding mode has been structurally characterized using Nuclear Magnetic Resonance. This domain binds to 5'-TXXGGGCA-3' consensus DNA target establishing bases specific contacts using its N-terminal loop, its ß-sheet, its loop L3 and its loop L4. Solution structure of the THAP-DNA complex explain how the THAP domain binds specifically to DNA, the first step of the transcriptional regulation mediated by hTHAP1. Recently, mutations in hTHAP1 gene have been genetically linked to the development of dystonia DYT6, a neurodegenerative disease. Some of these mutations disrupt THAP domain of hTHAP1 function highlighting that the DNA binding activity of hTHAP1 and hTHAP1 function are essential to maintain motor neuronal ways
Cattelin, Céline. „Exploration de la diversité des protéines à solénoïdes alpha, régulatrices de l'expression des gènes des organites dans les lignées eucaryotes photosynthétiques et étude de la dynamique conformationnelle des protéines à "PentatricoPeptide Repeats"“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023SORUS158.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn Archaeplastida (photosynthetic eukaryotes that acquired a chloroplast following endosymbiosis with an ancestral cyanobacterium) the chloroplast and mitochondrial genomes of green algae and land plants are regulated post-transcriptionally, mainly by alpha-solenoid proteins encoded in the nucleus. These nuclear factors are composed of degenerate repeat motifs (PPR and OPR proteins, respectively pentatricopeptide repeat and octatricopeptide repeats) that interact specifically with part of their target RNA sequence and form large families of paralogs. PPR proteins are very abundant in terrestrial plants while OPRs are abundant in green algae. These differential expansions, in parallel with the evolution of RNA metabolism in organelles, may reflect genetic adaptations that preserve phototrophy under different conditions and ecological niches. In other Archaeplastids (red algae and Glaucophytes) and in eukaryotes that originate from endosymbiosis with an ancestral microalga such as the Diatoms, the regulation of organelle genomes remains poorly explored. A first objective of my thesis was to describe the diversity and evolutionary dynamics of known or candidate alpha-solenoid proteins for the regulation of organelle genome expression in all photosynthetic eukaryotes. To identify them, I developed an approach that combines distant sequence homology detection and sequence similarity independent classification. I validated this approach by finding and completing the known OPR and PPR families in the model species Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and Arabidopsis thaliana. I showed that OPR expansions were restricted within Chlorophytes and that outside of green algae and land plants, PPR and OPR proteins were few in number, suggesting that other players in the regulation of organelle genome expression remain to be discovered. I also identified several dozen other families of organelle-addressed alpha-solenoid proteins in all the proteomes studied, some of which have as yet unknown functions and whose experimental characterisation in model organisms would be relevant. In a second step, I used molecular dynamics approaches to better understand the affinity and specificity of binding between PPRs and their target RNAs. In particular, I studied the dynamics of the repeat motifs and the geometry of the nucleotide binding sites as a function of their position in the PPR motif sequence, including the effects of the number of repeats and the presence or absence of N- and C-terminal domains, in addition to the evolution of the overall conformation of the protein. Our results suggest the role of PPR protein flexibility, both at the protein and motif level, in binding to its RNA target and its relevance to the affinity and specificity of nucleotide recognition
Paillard, Guillaume. „Comment lire la séquence de la double hélice? : le développement et l'application d'un outil pour analyser quantitativement les interactions spécifiques entre protéine et ADN“. Paris 7, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA077042.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleD'Ascenzo, Luigi. „Etude des réseaux de reconnaissance biomoléculaire à l'échelle atomique pour les systèmes ARN et ARN/protéines“. Thesis, Strasbourg, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016STRAJ108/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleTogether with hydrogen bonds, uncommon non-covalent interactions are fundamental for recognition networks in RNA and RNA-protein systems. Among them, I focused on oxygen-pi stacking. This interaction takes the form of phosphate-pi within U-turns and of ribose O4’-pi within “Z-RNA” motifs. In that respect, a novel classification of tetraloops is proposed, defining U-turns and Z-turns based on their oxygen-pi stacking properties. Further, “Z-like” motifs are found to pervade small and large RNAs, being also a recognition pattern for immunology-related proteins. To better understand biomolecular recognition networks, we reviewed the binding of metal ions and anions within RNA, finding many examples of ions misattribution in PDB structures. We propose rules to avoid attribution errors. The results of this thesis will improve our knowledge and understanding of biomolecular recognition networks, as well as assist structural determination and structural modelling techniques of RNA systems
Lebars, Isabelle. „Interactions ARN-protéines : étude de substrats de l'endoribonucléase RegB, vers la détermination de signaux de reconnaissance : étude structurale de la protéine ribosomique L20“. Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000VERSA006.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAliprandi, Pascale. „Etude fonctionnelle et structurale, par RMN, de la région C-terminale de la protéine ribosomique S1 d'Escherichia coli : caractérisation d'un mécanisme unique de reconnaissance des ARNs“. Paris 11, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA112312.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSI protein is the largest ribosomal protein of Escherichia coli. This modular protein is. Composed of six identical motifs. SI plays a key role in the translation initiation of prokaryote messengers when the Shine-Dalgamo sequence is degenerated or lacks. SI is used by several phages. This protein is able to accelerate the endoribonuclease RegB activity which function is to inactivate sorne of the phage messengers by cleaving them at the rniddle of their SD sequences. One SI region (F345) presents SI functions of translation and RegB activation, it corresponds to the same molecular mechanism but its role remains unknown. Our aim is to study, by NMR, the organisation of SI region and analyse the interactions with several RNA to suggest a molecular mechanism. 1 characterized, by NMR, interactions surfaces between domains 3, 4 and 5 in the F345 fragment, which allows us to suggest an organisation model of this region. Data found in the bibliography associated to the results of SI interaction studies with different RNA show that SI is able to bind any RNA and to induce a deformation that promotes the interaction with a third partner (Ribosome in the case of translation or RegB ribonuclease)
Bahassou, Rachida. „Criblage de nouveaux régulateurs nucléo-cytoplasmiques répondant à des stress génotoxiques et étude spécifique de la protéine Pat1“. Thesis, Montpellier 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010MON13508/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSome regulatory proteins called nucleo-cytoplasmic proteins, shuttle between the nucleus and the cytoplasm. Upon environmental stress, these proteins relocate massively to the nucleus where they activate pro-survival mechanisms. In the yeast S. pombe, 285 proteins are nucleo-cytoplasmic. An exhaustive study of some of these proteins was carried out herein. The goal was to identify the ones that are present in S. cerevisiae and vital in the DNA damage response. Among the candidate proteins, the ones i) that are the most conserved in the eukaryotic cells, ii) with unknown function or poorly characterized, and iii) whose nucleo-cytoplasmic repartition changes upon stress were selected by the use of a genetic screen monitored in S. cerevisiae. Twelve proteins were found to accumulate in the nucleus upon irradiating or heavy metal stresses. Pat1 (YCR077C) currently described as a cytosolic mRNA decay activator was chosen and a more complete investigation about its activity was undertaken. By the mean of a TAP-tag approach combined with a shotgun proteomic analysis, the Pat1 interaction network was established without any stress and after UV stress illumination. Pat1 exhibits a domain potentially involved in its relocation that is subjected to multiple phosphorylations whose state enhances after UV stress. Finally, the data about the specific partners of Pat1 identified by proteomic analysis in stress condition were confirmed by the study of Pat1 relocation in the corresponding deleted strains. Altogether, our data suggest a novel function for the Pat1 protein that needs to be further investigated
Nadiras, Cédric. „Etude des mécanismes de reconnaissance du transcrit dans la terminaison de la transcription Rho-dépendante“. Thesis, Orléans, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018ORLE2033/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleTranscripts at a free Rut (Rho-utilization) site from which Rho moves along the RNA in an ATP dependentfashion to catch up with and dissociate the transcription elongation complex. It is generally believed that the Rut sites are, respectively, rich and poor in Cytosines and Guanines as well as relatively poor in secondary structures. Studies at the genomic or transcriptomic scale have notrevealed any stronger consensus features or rules for predicting potential Rho-dependent termination sites. By combining biochemical and bioinformatics approaches, I have explored the mechanisms by which Rho recognizes transcripts to induce transcription termination. I have identified a complex set of sequence determinants which, taken together, have good predictive power and which I used to build the first computational model able to predict Rho-dependent termination at the scale of Escherichiacoli and Salmonella genomes. I have characterized in vitro some of these terminators, particularly in 5'UTRs, with the hope that they will be involved in conditional regulatory mechanisms. I have identified several candidates whose activity may be under the control of factors such as small non-coding RNAs(sRNA) or temperature. I have also developed a fluorogenic method to easily detect Rho-dependent termination in vitro and have begun to adapt the CLIP-seq approach to the study of the Rhodependent transcriptome in Salmonella. Collectively, my work offers new tools for the analysis and prediction of Rho-dependent termination, a better mapping of the sites of probable Rho action in E.coli and Salmonella, as well as several lines of investigation of the role of Rho in the conditional expression of bacterial genomes
Perard, Julien. „Etudes structurales et fonctionnelles de l'IRES du VHC en association avec le motif de reconnaissance à l'ARN de la sous-unité b du facteur eIF3“. Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00436687.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleVicens, Quentin. „Structures cristallographiques de complexes entre des fragments d'acides ribonucléiques comportant le site A ribosomique et des antibiotiques de la famille des aminoglycosides“. Phd thesis, Université Louis Pasteur - Strasbourg I, 2002. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00003572.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMontavon, Thomas. „Biogénèse des siRNAs endogènes chez Arabidopsis thaliana : étude fonctionnelle de DRB7.2, une nouvelle protéine de fixation à l'ARN double brin et développement d'outils moléculaires pour la caractérisation du mode d'action de DCL4“. Thesis, Strasbourg, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017STRAJ002/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleRNA silencing is initiated by double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) molecules that will be processed into various classes of small RNAs (sRNAs), which confer the sequence-specificity of this mechanism. In the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana, dsRNA processing is mediated by four distinct RNaseIII-like enzymes, named DCL1 to DCL4, which can be assisted by dsRNA-binding proteins (DRBs). During my PhD, I was able to characterize in details the function of a new DRB protein, DRB7.2. Our results revealed that this protein regulates the accumulation of a specific class of endogenous sRNAs, the endoIR-siRNAs, by selectively sequestering their dsRNA precursors and inhibiting their cleavage by the DCLs. In parallel, I also developed molecular tools to study the mode of action of the most versatile DCL in plants, DCL4. Detailed characterization of these tools revealed key roles of distinct structural determinants (at the protein or RNA level), implicated in the specificity and cleavage efficiency of the various dsRNA susbtrates by DCL4
Poully, Jean Christophe. „Spectroscopie IR et spectrométrie de mobilité ionique appliquées aux structures de systèmes chargés isolés d'intérêt pharmaceutique“. Phd thesis, Université Paris-Nord - Paris XIII, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00465057.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleKairouani, Alicia. „Caractérisation moléculaire et rôle développemental d’une famille de protéines à motifs AGO-hook et RRM chez Arabidopsis thaliana“. Thesis, Perpignan, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PERP0040.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleRNA silencing is a conserved molecular mechanism which plays important roles in different biological processes. It is characterized by the production of small RNAs that associate with Argonaute (AGO) proteins forming the so-called RNA-Induced Silencing Complex (RISC). The AGO partners generally harbor a motif enriched in WG/GW repeats named AGO-HOOK. Such domains are highly conserved in eukaryotes and a bioinformatic approach allowed us to identify, in the Arabidopsis genome, about 40 encoded proteins containing a potential AGO-HOOK domain. Among these candidates, a family of four proteins contains also an RNA Recognition Motif (RRM) domain. Interestingly, these proteins have been recently identified in Arabidopsis messenger RNA proteome. My thesis work consisted in studying the function of these four proteins, called RAHP for RRM and AGO-HOOK containing Proteins. We have shown that RAHP genes are expressed and that the corresponding proteins are localized in the cytoplasm and nuclei. Biochemical analysis suggests that RAHP proteins could interact with AGO1 in vivo. The identification of knock-out lines and the production of multiple mutants (double, triple and quadruple) reveal a dominant and redundant role of RAHP2 and RAHP4 proteins in vivo. The mutants present pleiotropic defects affecting root gravitropism, leaf senescence, rosette development and stem rigidity. Mutations of RAHP domains reveal the importance of RRM but not the AGO-hook domain in the developmental function of these proteins. We focused our work on the study of the pendant stem phenotype showing that it correlates with modifications of the secondary cell wall and a loss of lignin. RNA-seq analysis performed on the stem identified several genes whose expression is up-regulated in the mutants and that belong to the defense and polysaccharide catabolism gene categories. This work opens perspectives regarding the function of RAHP proteins in Arabidopsis
Thouvenot, Benoit. „Etude de la régulation de l'expression des gènes chez Escherichia coli, en lien avec le transport et le métabolisme du glucose : comprenant : - l'analyse moléculaire de la région promoteur dirigeant l'expression des gènes gapA et yeaA, - l'étude de l'effet de l'absence de protéine EIIBCGlc assurant le transport spécifique du glucose sur le transcriptome d'Escherichia coli“. Nancy 1, 2004. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/SCD_T_2004_0191_THOUVENOT.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn Escherichia coli, the glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) is a key enzyme for glucose metabolism and is encoded by the gapA gene. The transcription of this gene is initiated at 4 promoters and mainly at the gapA P1 promoter in the exponential phase of growth. We found that altought beeing a promoter of the -10 extended class, promoter P1 needs a -35 hexamer for activity. The E. Coli methionine sulfoxide reductase of the B type (MsrB) is encoded by the yeaA gene which is located upstream and in the opposite direction of gapA. We showed that elements of the gapA-yeaA inter-ORF sequence are involved in the regulation of the two genes, either activating both genes or having opposite effects on them and we obtained data in favor of a translation regulation by the small non-coding RNA RyhB of the MsrB protein expression. We developped a DNA macroarray approach to test for the effect of the inactivation of the EIIBCGlc protein on the E. Coli transcriptome. We showed that the expression of genes allowing formation of large pores in the external membrane and flagella were upregulated. We demonstrated the increased motility of the bacteria
Gereige, Dalya. „L'infection d'Arabidopsis thaliana par le virus de la mosaique du colza (ORMV) : analyse du transcriptome et étude spécifique de CIPK12 et CDC48“. Thesis, Strasbourg, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012STRAJ011.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleInfection of crop plants with compatible viruses is a major cause of losses in harvest yield. Here, we analyzedhost responses to tobamovirus infection at the level of gene regulation and expression, and at the level ofmolecular mechanisms determining the outcome of infection. ORMV-infected Arabidopsis plants were used toaddress virus-induced changes in gene expression. Consistent with the expression of a silencing suppressor bythe virus, strong changes in sRNA populations in virus-infected plants are not significantly correlated withcorresponding changes in the levels of the corresponding mRNA targets. Focusing on altered physiologicalprocesses, two genes with potential involvement in responses to virus infection were functionallycharacterized. The first gene encodes CIPK12, a (CBL)-interacting protein kinase, involved in decodingcalcium signatures. The mRNA of this gene accumulates upon ORMV infection and further observationsprovide evidence indicating that the regulation of the CIPK12 mRNA level occurs at the post-transcriptionallevel. Transient expression of CIPK12 in N. benthamiana leaves appears to inhibit the cell-to-cell spread ofORMV in this host. The second protein addressed in this work is CDC48B. CDC48B accumulates upontobamoviral infection and functions in ER-membrane maintenance. Consistent with this function it interactswith virus-accumulated MP in ER-associated inclusions to promote its extraction form the membrane and itslocalization to the cytosol. Thus, in this thesis I describe two virus-induced proteins with potential to interactwith viral MP and to influence the subcellular localization of this protein during infection
Dhondge, Hrishikesh. „Structural characterization of RNA binding to RNA recognition motif (RRM) domains using data integration, 3D modeling and molecular dynamic simulation“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023LORR0103.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis thesis was carried out in the frame of a larger European project (ITN RNAct) in which computer science and biology approaches were combined to make progress towards the synthesis of new protein domains able to bind to specific RNA sequences. The specific goal of this thesis was to design and develop computational tools to better exploit existing knowledge on RNA Recognition Motif (RRM) domains using 3D modeling of RRM-RNA complexes. RRMs account for 50% of all RNA binding proteins and are present in about 2% of the protein-coding regions of the human genome. However, due to the large diversity of RRMs, there have been very few successful examples of new RRM design so far. A central achievement of this thesis is the construction of a relational database called `InteR3M' that integrates sequence, structural and functional information about RRM domains. InteR3M database (href{https://inter3mdb.loria.fr/}{https://inter3mdb.loria.fr/}) contains 400,892 RRM domain instances (derived from UniProt entries) and 1,456 experimentally solved 3D structure (derived from PDB entries) corresponding to only 303 distinct RRM instances. In addition, InteR3M stores 459,859 atom-atom interactions between RRM and nucleic acids, retrieved from 656 3D structures in which the RRM domain is complexed with RNA or DNA. During the data collection procedure, inconsistencies were detected in the classification of several RRM instances in the popular domain databases CATH and Pfam. This led me to propose an original approach (CroMaSt) to solve this issue, based on cross-mapping of structural instances of RRMs between these two domain databases and on the structural alignment of unmapped instances with an RRM structural prototype. The CroMaSt CWL workflow is available on the European Workflow hub at href{https://workflowhub.eu/workflows/390}{https://workflowhub.eu/workflows/390}. Sequence and structural information stored in InteR3M database was then used to align RRM domains and map all RRM-RNA interactions onto this alignment to identify the different binding modes of RNA to RRM domains. This led to the development, with RNAct partners at VUB (Vrije Universiteit Brussel), of the `RRMScorer' tool. This tool contributes to decipher the RRM-RNA code by computing binding probabilities between RNA nucleotides and RRM amino acids at certain positions of the alignment. Atomic contacts between RRMs and RNA were also used to identify anchoring patterns, i.e. prototypes of 3D atomic positions (relative to the protein backbone) of a nucleotide stacked on a conserved aromatic amino acid. These anchors can be used as constraints in anchored docking protocols. The `RRM-RNA dock' docking pipeline is presented here and integrates both anchoring patterns extracted from InteR3M and binding scores from RRMScorer. Finally, molecular dynamic (MD) simulation is another computational tool tested in this thesis to contribute to the 3D modeling of RRM-RNA complexes. Promising preliminary MD protocols are described as attempts to distinguish between strongly and weakly binding RRM-RNA complexes