Zeitschriftenartikel: „Rational“

1

Cunliffe, John. „The Liberal Rationale of ‘Rational Socialism’“. Political Studies 36, Nr. 4 (Dezember 1988): 653–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9248.1988.tb00254.x.

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This article draws attention to the ideas of an unduly neglected Belgian thinker, Hippolyte Colins. From the 1830s, Colins addressed many issues in the political theory of property, especially problems of interpersonal, intergenerational and inter-societal justice. His ideas are discussed in the first section. A critical examination of his arguments about justified property regimes enables contemporary disputes (notably in the work of Nozick and Steiner) to be placed in a fresh perspective, offered in the second section. This locates the difficulty of distinguishing between liberal and socialist commitments to particular property systems.

2

Dykes, James R. „A Rational Rationale for Experimental Psychology“. Contemporary Psychology: A Journal of Reviews 34, Nr. 10 (Oktober 1989): 934. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/030669.

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3

Ghasrodashti, Elahe, Nidthida Lin, Ralf Wilden, Francesco Chirico und Dawn DeTienne. „Do Rational Entrepreneurs Exit Rationally?“ Academy of Management Proceedings 2021, Nr. 1 (August 2021): 14133. http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/ambpp.2021.14133abstract.

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4

McGregor, John C. „Breast reduction – rationed or rational?“ British Journal of Plastic Surgery 52, Nr. 6 (September 1999): 511. http://dx.doi.org/10.1054/bjps.1999.3177.

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5

Duckett, S. J. „Rational care before rationed care“. Internal Medicine Journal 32, Nr. 11 (16.10.2002): 533–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1445-5994.2002.00293.x.

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6

Brooks, P. „Rational care before rationed care“. Internal Medicine Journal 33, Nr. 4 (April 2003): 210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1445-5994.2003.00382.x.

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7

., Jyoti. „Rational Numbers“. Journal of Advances and Scholarly Researches in Allied Education 15, Nr. 5 (01.07.2018): 220–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.29070/15/57856.

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8

Tepic, Slobodan, Kent Harrington und Otto Lanz. „Biomechanical Rationale and Rational Planning for TPLO“. Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology 31, S 02 (Juli 2018): A1—A25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1668234.

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9

&NA;. „Rational use of "rationally designed drugs"“. Inpharma Weekly &NA;, Nr. 1389 (Mai 2003): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00128413-200313890-00001.

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10

CHATTERJEE, Sidharta. „Choice That’s Rational“. Journal of Research, Innovation and Technologies (JoRIT) 1, Nr. 1 (Dezember 2022): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.57017/jorit.v1.1(1).03.

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In this paper, it is about the axiomatic basis of rational choice theory - the theory that is behind making rational choice and decisions. To make rational choices, we would require thinking rationally and understanding the reason and logic behind what makes a choice rational, and how we need to choose rationally. Decisions are made under various circumstances, i.e., under risk, and often under compulsion. In social choice theory, decisions are made by different types of decision making entities, i.e., committees, groups, individuals and collective judgments by various types of organizations, etc. This paper highlights these issues and addresses the fundamental tenets of making rational choices by examining and following the previous workings of experts on this field. As such, it introduces a novel concept and the idea of Social Choice Rationality in choosing what’s rational.

11

Sinder, Rike. „Der rational turn“. Archiv fuer Rechts- und Sozialphilosophie 108, Nr. 2 (2022): 163. http://dx.doi.org/10.25162/arsp-2022-0009.

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12

Makowski, Louis. „Are `Rational Conjectures' Rational?“ Journal of Industrial Economics 36, Nr. 1 (September 1987): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2098595.

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13

Darwall, Stephen L. „Rational Agent, Rational Act“. Philosophical Topics 14, Nr. 2 (1986): 33–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/philtopics19861422.

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14

Hahn, Ulrike, Adam J. L. Harris und Mike Oaksford. „Rational argument, rational inference“. Argument & Computation 4, Nr. 1 (März 2013): 21–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19462166.2012.689327.

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15

Maurer, William. „How the Rational Basis Test Protects Policing for Profit“. University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform, Nr. 54.4 (2021): 839. http://dx.doi.org/10.36646/mjlr.54.4.rational.

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Since the police shooting of Michael Brown in 2014 and the civil unrest that followed, numerous lawsuits have challenged laws that use the government’s ability to impose fines and fees for reasons other than the protection of the public. These challenges have usually raised equal protection challenges to these laws—that is, that the laws punish the poor more harshly than others. The challenges have been unsuccessful, largely because courts examine these laws using “rational basis review,” a standard that is highly deferential to the government and one in which the courts themselves are often required to actively advocate for the government’s position. This article explains these challenges, outlines the critiques of rational basis review, and argues that courts should abandon the use of this standard in cases in which punitive sanctions fall more heavily on the poor than others.

16

ENSOLI, B. „Rational vaccine strategies against AIDS: background and rationale“. Microbes and Infection 7, Nr. 14 (November 2005): 1445–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.micinf.2005.07.024.

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17

Nielsen, Carsten Krabbe. „On rationally confident beliefs and rational overconfidence“. Mathematical Social Sciences 55, Nr. 3 (Mai 2008): 381–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mathsocsci.2007.09.008.

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18

Deveney, James K., und David R. Finston. „Fields of Ga Invariants are Ruled“. Canadian Mathematical Bulletin 37, Nr. 1 (01.03.1994): 37–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4153/cmb-1994-006-0.

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AbstractThe quotient field of the ring of invariants of a rational Ga action on Cn is shown to be ruled. As a consequence, all rational Ga actions on C4 are rationally triangulable. Moreover, if an arbitrary rational Ga action on Cn is doubled to an action of Ga × Ga on C2n, then the doubled action is rationally triangulable.

19

INASAWA, Keita, und Kenji YASUNAGA. „Rational Proofs against Rational Verifiers“. IEICE Transactions on Fundamentals of Electronics, Communications and Computer Sciences E100.A, Nr. 11 (2017): 2392–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1587/transfun.e100.a.2392.

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20

Kőhegyi, Gergely. „Rational deconstruction of rational reconstruction“. Periodica Polytechnica Social and Management Sciences 20, Nr. 1 (2012): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.3311/pp.so.2012-1.06.

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21

Slote, Michael. „Rational Dilemmas and Rational Supererogation“. Philosophical Topics 14, Nr. 2 (1986): 59–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/philtopics19861423.

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22

Blickle, Manuel, und Helene Esnault. „Rational Singularities and Rational Points“. Pure and Applied Mathematics Quarterly 4, Nr. 3 (2008): 729–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4310/pamq.2008.v4.n3.a5.

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23

Schwartz, Ryan, József Solymosi und Frank Zeeuw. „RATIONAL DISTANCES WITH RATIONAL ANGLES“. Mathematika 58, Nr. 2 (28.11.2011): 409–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1112/s0025579311001847.

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24

Caplan, Bryan. „Rational Ignorance versus Rational Irrationality“. Kyklos 54, Nr. 1 (Februar 2001): 3–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-6435.00138.

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25

Anzer, Christian. „how rational is rational choice?“ European Political Science 3, Nr. 2 (März 2004): 43–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/eps.2004.5.

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26

Coleman, Jules L. „Rational Choice and Rational Cognition“. Legal Theory 3, Nr. 2 (Juni 1997): 183–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1352325200000720.

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There is a close but largely unexplored connection between law and economics and cognitive psychology. Law and economics applies economic models, modes of analysis, and argument to legal problems. Economic theory can be applied to legal problems for predictive, explanatory, or evaluative purposes. In explaining or assessing human action, economic theory presupposes a largely unarticulated account of rational, intentional action. Philosophers typically analyze intentional action in terms of desires and beliefs. I intend to perform some action because I believe that it will (is likely to) produce an outcome that I desire. This standard “belief-desire” model of action invokes what philosophers of psychology and action theorists aptly refer to as a “folk psychology.”

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Lávička, Miroslav, und Bohumír Bastl. „Rational hypersurfaces with rational convolutions“. Computer Aided Geometric Design 24, Nr. 7 (Oktober 2007): 410–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cagd.2007.04.006.

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28

Benassy, Jean-Pascal. „Are rational expectations really rational?“ Economics Letters 39, Nr. 1 (Mai 1992): 49–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0165-1765(92)90100-d.

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29

Benassy, Jean-Pascal. „Are rational expectations really rational?“ Economics Letters 40, Nr. 1 (September 1992): 125. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0165-1765(92)90255-w.

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30

Hinchman, Edward S. „Rational requirements and ‘rational’ akrasia“. Philosophical Studies 166, Nr. 3 (20.11.2012): 529–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11098-012-9993-5.

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31

Flenner, Hubert, und Mikhail Zaidenberg. „Rational curves and rational singularities“. Mathematische Zeitschrift 244, Nr. 3 (Juli 2003): 549–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00209-003-0497-z.

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32

Trujillo, José. „Rational responses and rational conjectures“. Journal of Economic Theory 36, Nr. 2 (August 1985): 289–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-0531(85)90107-3.

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33

McAllister, Patrick H. „Rational behavior and rational expectations“. Journal of Economic Theory 52, Nr. 2 (Dezember 1990): 332–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-0531(90)90036-j.

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34

Choffrut, Christian. „Rational relations and rational series“. Theoretical Computer Science 98, Nr. 1 (Mai 1992): 5–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-3975(92)90375-p.

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35

Siscoe, Robert Weston. „Does Being Rational Require Being Ideally Rational? ‘Rational’ as a Relative and an Absolute Term“. Philosophical Topics 49, Nr. 2 (2021): 245–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/philtopics202149224.

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A number of formal epistemologists have argued that perfect rationality requires probabilistic coherence, a requirement that they often claim applies only to ideal agents. However, in “Rationality as an Absolute Concept,” Roy Sorensen contends that ‘rational’ is an absolute term. Just as Peter Unger argued that being flat requires that a surface be completely free of bumps and blemishes, Sorensen claims that being rational requires being perfectly rational. When we combine these two views, though, they lead to counterintuitive results. If being rational requires being perfectly rational, and only the probabilistically coherent are perfectly rational, then this indicts all ordinary agents as irrational. In this paper, I will attempt to resolve this conflict by arguing that Sorensen is only partly correct. One important sense of ‘rational’, the sanctioning sense of ‘rational’, is an absolute term, but another important sense of ‘rational’, the sense in which someone can have rational capacities, is not. I will, then, show that this distinction has important consequences for theorizing about ideal rationality, developing an account of the relationship between ordinary and ideal rationality. Because the sanctioning sense of ‘rational’ is absolute, it is rationally required to adopt the most rational attitude available, but which attitude is most rational can change depending on whether we are dealing with ideal agents or people more like ourselves.

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WESTPHAL, KENNETH R. „Rational Justification and Mutual Recognition in Substantive Domains“. Dialogue 53, Nr. 1 (06.12.2013): 57–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0012217313000796.

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This paper argues that individual rational judgment, of the kind required for rational justification in empirical knowledge or morals, is in fundamental part socially and historically based, although this is consistent with realism about the objects of empirical knowledge and with strict objectivity about basic moral principles. To judge fully rationally that one judges, and thus to justify one’s judgment rationally, requires recognizing one’s inherent fallibility and hence our mutual interdependence for assessing our own and each others’ judgments and their justification. This provides a pragmatic account of rational justification which dispatches the distinction between “rational” and “historical” knowledge.

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Smith, Karen E. „F-rational rings have rational singularities“. American Journal of Mathematics 119, Nr. 1 (1997): 159–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/ajm.1997.0007.

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38

Shulock, N. „Legislatures: Rational Systems or Rational Myths?“ Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory 8, Nr. 3 (01.07.1998): 299–324. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.jpart.a024386.

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39

Wang, Huaxiong. „On rational series and rational languages“. Theoretical Computer Science 205, Nr. 1-2 (September 1998): 329–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0304-3975(98)00103-0.

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40

de Sousa, Ronald. „Rational analysis: Too rational for comfort?“ Behavioral and Brain Sciences 14, Nr. 3 (September 1991): 492. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x00070874.

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41

ITZYKSON, C. „COUNTING RATIONAL CURVES ON RATIONAL SURFACES“. International Journal of Modern Physics B 08, Nr. 25n26 (November 1994): 3703–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979294001603.

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42

Georgiev, Georgi Hristov. „Rational Generalized Offsets of Rational Surfaces“. Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2012 (2012): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/618148.

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The rational surfaces and their offsets are commonly used in modeling and manufacturing. The purpose of this paper is to present relationships between rational surfaces and orientation-preserving similarities of the Euclidean 3-space. A notion of a similarity surface offset is introduced and applied to different constructions of rational generalized offsets of a rational surface. It is shown that every rational surface possesses a rational generalized offset. Rational generalized focal surfaces are also studied.

43

Knopf, Jeffrey W. „How Rational Is “The Rational Public”?“ Journal of Conflict Resolution 42, Nr. 5 (Oktober 1998): 544–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022002798042005002.

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44

Dranishnikov, A. N. „Rational homology manifolds and rational resolutions“. Topology and its Applications 94, Nr. 1-3 (Juni 1999): 75–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0166-8641(98)00026-1.

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45

Koelsch, Lori E., Ann Fuehrer und Roger M. Knudson. „Rational or Not? Subverting Understanding through the Rational/Non-rational Dichotomy“. Feminism & Psychology 18, Nr. 2 (Mai 2008): 253–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0959353507083095.

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46

Chenger, Denise, George Jergeas und Francis Hartman. „Executive-level Capital Project Decision Making: Rational or Rationale?“ International Journal of Sustainability Policy and Practice 8, Nr. 3 (2013): 65–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.18848/2325-1166/cgp/v08i03/55388.

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47

Austin, Heather, Kevin C. Smith und Wendy L. Ward. „Bariatric surgery in adolescents: What's the rationale? What's rational?“ International Review of Psychiatry 24, Nr. 3 (Juni 2012): 254–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/09540261.2012.678815.

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48

Dujella, Andrej, Matija Kazalicki und Vinko Petričević. „Rational Diophantine sextuples containing two regular quadruples and one regular quintuple“. Acta mathematica Spalatensia 1, Nr. 1 (04.01.2021): 19–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.32817/ams.1.1.2.

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A set of m distinct nonzero rationals {a1,a2,…,am} such that aiaj+1 is a perfect square for all 1 ≤ i < j ≤ m, is called a rational Diophantine m-tuple. It is proved recently that there are infinitely many rational Diophantine sextuples. In this paper, we construct infinite families of rational Diophantine sextuples with special structure, namely the sextuples containing quadruples and quintuples of certain type.

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RACHELS, STUART. „On Three Alleged Theories of Rational Behavior“. Utilitas 21, Nr. 4 (12.11.2009): 506–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0953820809990252.

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What behavior is rational? It's rational to act ethically, some think. Others endorse instrumentalism – it is rational to pursue one's goals. Still others say that acting rationally always involves promoting one's self-interest. Many philosophers have given each of these answers. But these answers don't really conflict; they aren't vying to describe some shared concept or to solve some mutually acknowledged problem. In so far as this is debated, it is a pseudo-debate. The different uses of ‘rational action’ differ merely in meaning. I shall defend the following claims: ‘rational behavior’ is used in ethical, prudential, and instrumental ways (section I); these uses of ‘rational behavior’ are distinct (section II); they do not represent competing theories of rational behavior (section III); we should stop using ‘rational behavior’ ethically and prudentially, but we may continue its instrumental use (section IV).

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Matthews, Keith R. „A rational canonical form algorithm“. Mathematica Bohemica 117, Nr. 3 (1992): 315–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.21136/mb.1992.126286.

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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema „Rational“

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