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Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Raffinement des graphes de connaissances“
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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "Raffinement des graphes de connaissances"
Otman, Gabriel. „Les bases de connaissances terminologiques : les banques de terminologie de seconde génération“. Meta 42, Nr. 2 (30.09.2002): 244–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/003772ar.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLaberge, Suzanne. „Les rapports sociaux de sexe dans le domaine du sport : perspectives féministes marquantes des trois dernières décennies“. Articles 17, Nr. 1 (28.10.2004): 9–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/009295ar.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSasseville, J. L., und G. de Marsily. „Les sciences de l'eau : présent et futur“. Revue des sciences de l'eau 11 (12.04.2005): 223–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/705340ar.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleHadef, Djohra, und Samy Slimani. „Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis. Advances and Challenges“. Batna Journal of Medical Sciences (BJMS) 7, Nr. 2 (09.11.2020): 176–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.48087/bjmsra.2020.7224.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleVanderhaegen, Frédéric. „Pédagogie active et inclusive pour l’analyse de dangers de systèmes d’aide à la conduite basée sur la recherche de dissonances“. J3eA 21 (2022): 2053. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/j3ea/20222053.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleHakamata, Ryoto, und Koji Otaki. „On study and research responsibilities: a case in Japanese upper secondary schoolSur les responsabilités d'étude et de recherche: un cas au lycée japonais“. Educação Matemática Pesquisa : Revista do Programa de Estudos Pós-Graduados em Educação Matemática 22, Nr. 4 (15.09.2020): 622–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.23925/1983-3156.2020v22i4p622-629.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBESNIER, Jean-Baptiste, Frédéric CHERQUI, Gilles CHUZEVILLE und Aurélie LAPLANCHE. „Amélioration de la connaissance patrimoniale des réseaux d’assainissement de la métropole de Lyon“. TSM 12 2023, TSM 12 2023 (20.12.2023): 169–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.36904/tsm/202312169.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleCarla Viana, Dendasck. „Raffinement, développement personnel et pratiques méditatives : aspects introductifs“. Revista Científica Multidisciplinar Núcleo do Conhecimento, 11.07.2022, 39–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.32749/nucleodoconhecimento.com.br/psychologie-fr/pratiques-meditatives.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDiop, Bara, Cheikh Talibouya Diop und Lamine Diop. „A Semantic Measure for Outlier Detection in Knowledge Graph“. Revue Africaine de la Recherche en Informatique et Mathématiques Appliquées Volume 35, Data... (11.04.2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.46298/arima.8679.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDissertationen zum Thema "Raffinement des graphes de connaissances"
Khajeh, Nassiri Armita. „Expressive Rule Discovery for Knowledge Graph Refinement“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023UPASG045.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleKnowledge graphs (KGs) are heterogeneous graph structures representing facts in a machine-readable format. They find applications in tasks such as question answering, disambiguation, and entity linking. However, KGs are inherently incomplete, and refining them is crucial to improve their effectiveness in downstream tasks. It's possible to complete the KGs by predicting missing links within a knowledge graph or integrating external sources and KGs. By extracting rules from the KG, we can leverage them to complete the graph while providing explainability. Various approaches have been proposed to mine rules efficiently. Yet, the literature lacks effective methods for effectively incorporating numerical predicates in rules. To address this gap, we propose REGNUM, which mines numerical rules with interval constraints. REGNUM builds upon the rules generated by an existing rule mining system and enriches them by incorporating numerical predicates guided by quality measures. Additionally, the interconnected nature of web data offers significant potential for completing and refining KGs, for instance, by data linking, which is the task of finding sameAs links between entities of different KGs. We introduce RE-miner, an approach that mines referring expressions (REs) for a class in a knowledge graph and uses them for data linking. REs are rules that are only applied to one entity. They support knowledge discovery and serve as an explainable way to link data. We employ pruning strategies to explore the search space efficiently, and we define characteristics to generate REs that are more relevant for data linking. Furthermore, we aim to explore the advantages and opportunities of fine-tuning language models to bridge the gap between KGs and textual data. We propose GilBERT, which leverages fine-tuning techniques on language models like BERT using a triplet loss. GilBERT demonstrates promising results for refinement tasks of relation prediction and triple classification tasks. By considering these challenges and proposing novel approaches, this thesis contributes to KG refinement, particularly emphasizing explainability and knowledge discovery. The outcomes of this research open doors to more research questions and pave the way for advancing towards more accurate and comprehensive KGs
Nedjari, Tayeb. „Réseaux de neurones artificiels et connaissances symboliques : insertion, raffinement et extraction“. Paris 13, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA132024.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleRaad, Joe. „Gestion d'identité dans des graphes de connaissances“. Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLA028/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn the absence of a central naming authority on the Web of data, it is common for different knowledge graphs to refer to the same thing by different names (IRIs). Whenever multiple names are used to denote the same thing, owl:sameAs statements are needed in order to link the data and foster reuse. Such identity statements have strict logical semantics, indicating that every property asserted to one name, will also be inferred to the other, and vice versa. While such inferences can be extremely useful in enabling and enhancing knowledge-based systems such as search engines and recommendation systems, incorrect use of identity can have wide-ranging effects in a global knowledge space like the Web of data. With several studies showing that owl:sameAs is indeed misused for different reasons, a proper approach towards the handling of identity links is required in order to make the Web of data succeed as an integrated knowledge space. This thesis investigates the identity problem at hand, and provides different, yet complementary solutions. Firstly, it presents the largest dataset of identity statements that has been gathered from the LOD Cloud to date, and a web service from which the data and its equivalence closure can be queried. Such resource has both practical impacts (it helps data users and providers to find different names for the same entity), as well as analytical value (it reveals important aspects of the connectivity of the LOD Cloud). In addition, by relying on this collection of 558 million identity statements, we show how network metrics such as the community structure of the owl:sameAs graph can be used in order to detect possibly erroneous identity assertions. For this, we assign an error degree for each owl:sameAs based on the density of the community(ies) in which they occur, and their symmetrical characteristics. One benefit of this approach is that it does not rely on any additional knowledge. Finally, as a way to limit the excessive and incorrect use of owl:sameAs, we define a new relation for asserting the identity of two ontology instances in a specific context (a sub-ontology). This identity relation is accompanied with an approach for automatically detecting these links, with the ability of using certain expert constraints for filtering irrelevant contexts. As a first experiment, the detection and exploitation of the detected contextual identity links are conducted on two knowledge graphs for life sciences, constructed in a mutual effort with domain experts from the French National Institute of Agricultural Research (INRA)
Saidouni, Djamel-Eddine. „Sémantique de maximalité : application au raffinement d'actions dans LOTOS“. Toulouse 3, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996TOU30040.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleKerdiles, Gwenael Nang. „Logiques de graphes conceptuels“. Montpellier 2, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001MON20185.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleGandon, Fabien. „Graphes RDF et leur Manipulation pour la Gestion de Connaissances“. Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00351772.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDans le deuxième chapitre, nous rappelons comment les formalismes à base de graphes peuvent être utilisés pour représenter des connaissances avec un degré variable de formalisation en fonction des besoins identifiés dans les scénarios d'application et des traitements à effectuer notamment pour la mise en place de webs sémantiques. Nous identifierons brièvement les caractéristiques de certains de ces formalismes qui sont utilisés dans nos travaux et les opportunités d'extensions qu'ils offrent. Nous synthétiserons aussi une initiative en cours pour factoriser la définition des structures mathématiques partagées par ces formalismes et réutiliser l'algorithmique des traitements communs à ces structures.
Dans le troisième chapitre nous expliquons que l'ontologie offre un support à d'autres types de raisonnement que la dérivation logique. Par exemple, la hiérarchie de notions contenue dans une ontologie peut être vue comme un espace métrique permettant de définir des distances pour comparer la proximité sémantique de deux notions. Nous avons mis en œuvre cette idée dans plusieurs scénarios comme l'allocation distribuée d'annotations, la recherche approchée ou le clustering. Nous résumons dans ce troisième chapitre diverses utilisations que nous avons faites des distances sémantiques et discutons notre position sur ce domaine. Nous donnons les scénarios d'utilisation et les distances utilisées dans un échantillon représentatif de projets que nous avons menés. Pour nous, cette première série d'expériences a permis de démontrer l'intérêt et le potentiel des distances, et aussi de souligner l'importance du travail restant à faire pour identifier et caractériser les familles de distances existantes et leur adéquation respective aux tâches pour lesquelles nos utilisateurs souhaitent être assistés.
Dans le quatrième chapitre, nous rappelons qu'un web sémantique, tel que nous en utilisons dans nos scénarios, qu'il soit public ou sur l'intranet d'une entreprise, repose généralement sur plusieurs serveurs web qui proposent chacun différentes ontologies et différentes bases d'annotations utilisant ces ontologies pour décrire des ressources. Les scénarios d'usage amènent souvent un utilisateur à formuler des requêtes dont les réponses combinent des éléments d'annotation distribués entre plusieurs de ces serveurs.
Ceci demande alors d'être capable :
(1) d'identifier les serveurs susceptibles d'avoir des éléments de réponse ;
(2) d'interroger des serveurs distants sur les éléments qu'ils connaissent sans surcharger le réseau;
(3) de décomposer la requête et router les sous-requêtes vers les serveurs idoines ;
(4) de recomposer les résultats à partir des réponses partielles.
Nous avons, avec le web sémantique, les briques de base d'une architecture distribuée. Le quatrième chapitre résume un certain nombre d'approches que nous avons proposées pour tenir compte de la distribution et gérer des ressources distribuées dans les webs sémantiques que nous concevons.
Les ontologies et les représentations de connaissances sont souvent dans le cœur technique de nos architectures, notamment lorsqu'elles utilisent des représentations formelles. Pour interagir avec le web sémantique et ses applications, le cinquième chapitre rappelle que nous avons besoin d'interfaces qui les rendent intelligibles pour les utilisateurs finaux. Dans nos systèmes d'inférences des éléments de connaissances sont manipulés et combinés, et même si les éléments de départ étaient intelligibles, l'intelligibilité des résultats, elle, n'est pas préservée par ces transformations.
Actuellement, et dans le meilleur des cas, les concepteurs d'interfaces mettent en œuvre des transformations ad hoc des structures de données internes en représentations d'interface en oubliant souvent les capacités de raisonnement que pourraient fournir ces représentations pour construire de telles interfaces. Dans le pire des cas, et encore trop souvent, les structures de représentation normalement internes sont directement mises à nu dans des widgets sans que cela soit justifié et, au lieu d'assister l'interaction, ces représentations alourdissent les interfaces.
Puisqu'elles reçoivent les contributions d'un monde ouvert, les interfaces du web sémantique devront être, au moins en partie, générées dynamiquement et rendues pour chaque structure devant rentrer en contact avec les utilisateurs. Le cinquième et dernier chapitre souligne cette opportunité croissante d'utiliser des systèmes à base d'ontologies dans l'assistance aux interactions avec nos utilisateurs.
Trouillon, Théo. „Modèles d'embeddings à valeurs complexes pour les graphes de connaissances“. Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017GREAM048/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe explosion of widely available relational datain the form of knowledge graphsenabled many applications, including automated personalagents, recommender systems and enhanced web search results.The very large size and notorious incompleteness of these data basescalls for automatic knowledge graph completion methods to make these applicationsviable. Knowledge graph completion, also known as link-prediction,deals with automatically understandingthe structure of large knowledge graphs---labeled directed graphs---topredict missing entries---labeled edges. An increasinglypopular approach consists in representing knowledge graphs as third-order tensors,and using tensor factorization methods to predict their missing entries.State-of-the-art factorization models propose different trade-offs between modelingexpressiveness, and time and space complexity. We introduce a newmodel, ComplEx---for Complex Embeddings---to reconcile both expressivenessand complexity through the use of complex-valued factorization, and exploreits link with unitary diagonalization.We corroborate our approach theoretically and show that all possibleknowledge graphs can be exactly decomposed by the proposed model.Our approach based on complex embeddings is arguably simple,as it only involves a complex-valued trilinear product,whereas other methods resort to more and more complicated compositionfunctions to increase their expressiveness. The proposed ComplEx model isscalable to large data sets as it remains linear in both space and time, whileconsistently outperforming alternative approaches on standardlink-prediction benchmarks. We also demonstrateits ability to learn useful vectorial representations for other tasks,by enhancing word embeddings that improve performanceson the natural language problem of entailment recognitionbetween pair of sentences.In the last part of this thesis, we explore factorization models abilityto learn relational patterns from observed data.By their vectorial nature, it is not only hard to interpretwhy this class of models works so well,but also to understand where they fail andhow they might be improved. We conduct an experimentalsurvey of state-of-the-art models, not towardsa purely comparative end, but as a means to get insightabout their inductive abilities.To assess the strengths and weaknesses of each model, we create simple tasksthat exhibit first, atomic properties of knowledge graph relations,and then, common inter-relational inference through synthetic genealogies.Based on these experimental results, we propose new researchdirections to improve on existing models, including ComplEx
Archer, Vincent. „Graphes linguistiques multiniveau pour l'extraction de connaissances : l'exemple des collocations“. Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble ; 1971-2015), 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009GRE10127.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn order to model at best linguistic phenomena, natural language processing systems need to have quality ressources at their disposal, yet existing ressources are most often incomplete and do not allow to treat data in an adequate manner in process like translation, analysis, etc. This thesis is about acquisition of linguistic knowledge, and more precisely about the extraction of that knowledge from corpora where it appears. We study especially the problem of the collocations, these couple of terms where one term is chosen in function of the other one to express a particular meaning (as « driving rain », where « driving » is used to express the intensification). To allow large-scale data acquisition, it is necessary to make it easy to realize in an automatic manner, and simple to configure by linguists with limited knowledge in computer programming. For that reason, we have to rely on a precise and suitable model for data and process. We describe MuLLinG, the multilevel linguistic graph we realized, where each level represents information in a different manner, and operations for the manipulation of these graphs. That model, based on a simple structure (the graph one), allows to represent, treat, and manage diverse kinds of ressources. Indeed, associated operations were written in order to be as most generic as possible, which means that they are independent of what nodes and edges represents, and of the task to realize. That enables our model, which has been implemented and used for several experiments, some concerning collocation extraction, to view a process (sometimes complex) of linguistic knowledge extraction, as a succession of small graph manipulation operations
Naudin, Antoine. „Impact des connaissances initiales sur la calculabilité distribuée“. Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AIXM0259/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn this study, we show how knowledge impacts the computability in distributed systems. First, we characterize what we need to know to elect in the unknown participant model. This model is a natural extension for the message passing model that formalises dynamicity that occurs in some networks. We give a necessary and sufficient condition on the knowledge needed to solve the following fundamental problems : map construction, leader election and k-leader election. For each of them, we provide an algorithm solving the problem using any knowledge satisfying our condition. Then, we extend the model to anonymous networks. We characterize, with the same methodology, the knowledge needed to solve an election in this model and we provide an algorithm using such a knowledge and a bound on the size of the network. In the second part, we study the impact of local knowledge on the computability of the anonymous graph exploration problem. We introduce a new model of mobile agents where an agent is endowed with binoculars, a local sensor permitting to perceive the graph induced by the vertices adjacent to its location. In this model, we characterize the graphs that can be explored by a single mobile agent without any global information and we provide an algorithm exploring all of them. Unfortunately, universal algorithm has a cost : The number of moves required by such an algorithm cannot be bounded by a computable function. Finally, we prove that large classes of graphs like chordal graphs, Johnson graphs, . . . can be explored in a linear number of moves using binoculars by providing an exploration algorithm for the family of Weetman graphs
Egyed-Zsigmond, Elöd. „Gestion des connaissances dans une base de documents multimédias“. Lyon, INSA, 2003. http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2003ISAL0055/these.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleOur research has been carried out as a part of the RNRT project RECIS in collaboration with FT R&D and the INRIA. The goal of this project is to study different techniques to enrich multimedia content access services. We created an audiovisual annotation model : E-SIA. This model represents documents fragments, annotations as well as annotation structuring elements as graph. The model enables to document and guide annotation providing in meantime a large degree of freedom to users. We have developed a client-server prototype application enabling manual and automatic video annotation as well as the navigation an search in these annotations. We have extended our annotation model in order to create an experience tracing, capitalization and reuse framework: Trèfle (Club). This model enables to trace in a contextual manner the use of a computer program following a use and an observation model in a graph. We consider that in a computer program users manipulate objects using procedures