Zeitschriftenartikel: „“pure language”“

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Zhou, Mi, und Ben Etherington. „Introduction: Pure Language, Pure Medium?“ Comparative Critical Studies 8, Nr. 1 (Februar 2011): 35–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/ccs.2011.0006.

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Park, Joseph Sung-Yul. „Language as pure potential“. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development 37, Nr. 5 (14.08.2015): 453–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01434632.2015.1071824.

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3

Nosál’, Milan, Matús Sulír und Ján Juhár. „Language composition using source code annotations“. Computer Science and Information Systems 13, Nr. 3 (2016): 707–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/csis160114024n.

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In this paper we examine source code annotations from the viewpoint of formal languages - we discuss their abstract syntax, concrete syntax, and semantics, thus showing the correspondence between annotations and formal languages. We propose to consider a set of all annotations and their parameters processed by the same reference implementation (they belong to the same domain) to be called an annotation-based language. The performed analysis also pinpoints a specificity of annotations in comparison with formal languages in general - the binding between annotations and a host language. We elaborate this idea with an analysis of annotations? potential for language composition, in particular for pure embedding. We then show how pure embedding with annotations can be used for language unification, language referencing by extension, and language extension. This work provides a basis for further research in the field of source code annotations in the context of formal languages.

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Mejame, Charley E. „Language and Pure or Rational Ontology“. Dialogue and Universalism 25, Nr. 3 (2015): 163–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/du201525376.

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5

Grainger, J., und C. Beauvillain. „Language blocking and lexical access in bilinguals“. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section A 39, Nr. 2 (Mai 1987): 295–319. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14640748708401788.

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Two experiments are described which compared the effects of mixed- and pure-language lists on lexical decision times with English-French bilinguals. Experiment 1 showed that reaction times are faster in the pure-language presentation than in the mixed-language presentation with words that are orthographically legal letter strings in the other language. The second experiment tested this pure-mixed effect more precisely by comparing different sequences of two successive items and by introducing the language-specific orthography factor. No pure-mixed effect was found for words with language-specific orthographies. The pure-mixed effect was restricted to words containing no language-specific orthographic cues and to the different language sequences, that is, on trials following a language change. These results are not compatible with a selective search process that it strategically modified by pure-language presentation. The role of language-specific orthography in bilingual word recognition is discussed with regard to recent models of word recognition.

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Lemhöfer, Kristin, und Ralph Radach. „Task Context Effects in Bilingual Nonword Processing“. Experimental Psychology 56, Nr. 1 (Januar 2009): 41–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1618-3169.56.1.41.

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To investigate the language-specific or language-integrated nature of bilingual lexical processing in different task contexts, we studied how bilinguals process nonwords that differ in their relative resemblance to the bilinguals’ two languages in different versions of the lexical decision task. Unbalanced German-English bilinguals performed a pure-German, a pure-English, and a mixed lexical decision task on the same set of nonwords that were either very English-like or very German-like. Rejection latencies for these two nonword categories were reversed in the pure-English and pure-German conditions: Nonwords that were more similar to the current target language were rejected more slowly. In the mixed task, reaction times were generally slower, and nonwords resembling the participants’ subdominant language (English) were harder to reject. The results suggest that task context substantially alters the criteria for the word/nonword decision in bilinguals.

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Nur, Tajudin. „ANALISIS KONTRASTIF DALAM STUDI BAHASA“. Arabi : Journal of Arabic Studies 1, Nr. 2 (31.12.2016): 64. http://dx.doi.org/10.24865/ajas.v1i2.11.

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Contrastive analysis is aimed to identify aspects of the differences or dissimilarities between two or more languages being contrasted. There are two kinds of approach in contrastive analysis, applied contrastive analysis and pure contrastive analysis. Both approaches contrast the first and second language, but different in the objective. Applied contrastive analysis is aimed to solve pedagogical problems, while the pure one is aimed to study language typology. Through contrastive approach there will be characteristic of every language and it is known that cultural diversity (the culture between first and second language) implicates on language forms. There are four steps to get through to contrast the components of the two languages being compared, namely (1) collecting the desired data (2) displaying a comparison in the same units of language through language transfer, (3) identifying the different elements that exist in the language, and (4) formulating the contrasts in the rule.

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HOWARTH, ELIZABETH, und JEFFREY B. PARIS. „PURE INDUCTIVE LOGIC WITH FUNCTIONS“. Journal of Symbolic Logic 84, Nr. 4 (08.04.2019): 1382–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jsl.2017.49.

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AbstractWe consider the version of Pure Inductive Logic which obtains for the language with equality and a single unary function symbol giving a complete characterization of the probability functions on this language which satisfy Constant Exchangeability.

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Lazard, Gilbert. „The case for pure linguistics“. Studies in Language 36, Nr. 2 (15.10.2012): 241–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/sl.36.2.02laz.

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The specificity of linguistic structures must be explicitly acknowledged and the investigation of such structures should not be lost in the mass of cognitive sciences. It is claimed that “pure linguistics” meets that requirement. It is founded on the Saussurean definition of a language and on its interpretation by the epistemologist Granger. He showed that language defined in this way is a concept similar to those upon which natural sciences were founded, with similar consequences. That concept entails strict limitation of the field of research, but because of this very limitation, linguistics is made more able to reach precise and secure results and thus to overcome the common shortcomings of the humanities. The legitimacy of pure linguistics does not in the least invalidate that of other language sciences and the quest for cognitive explanations. Moreover, the perspective of pure linguistics appears to be converging with a trend which has been emerging in linguistics towards more strict procedures.

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LAZARD, Gilbert. „Pour une linguistique pure“. Bulletin de la Société de Linguistique de Paris 104, Nr. 1 (31.12.2009): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.2143/bsl.104.1.2046985.

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Ferber, Ilit. „Lament and Pure Language: Scholem, Benjamin and Kant“. Jewish Studies Quarterly 21, Nr. 1 (2014): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1628/094457014x13896210430702.

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Duarte, João Ferreira. „The power of Babel: “Pure language” as intertranslation“. Perspectives 3, Nr. 2 (Januar 1995): 271–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0907676x.1995.9961267.

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Maiden, Martin. „From pure phonology to pure morphology the reshaping of the romance verb“. Recherches linguistiques de Vincennes, Nr. 38 (01.10.2009): 45–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/rlv.1765.

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Frangoudaki, Anna. „Diglossia and the present language situation in Greece: A sociological approach to the interpretation of diglossia and some hypotheses on today's linguistic reality“. Language in Society 21, Nr. 3 (September 1992): 365–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047404500015487.

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ABSTRACTIn the first part of the article, an approach to Greek diglossia is proposed, focusing on the differing social functions of the two coexisting Greek languages. The adoption of “pure” Greek in the early 19th century represented a compromise, which made possible the rejection of Ancient Greek as the official language of the new state. The language question that developed at the turn of the century represented an effort to modernize Greek culture in the context of economic and social change brought about by the rise of the bourgeoisie. Starting in the interwar period and increasingly after the civil war, “pure” Greek became associated exclusively with authoritarian politics. The language reform of 1976, which formally abolished diglossia, thus came at the end of a long process of devaluation of the official “pure” language. Yet, in recent years, a metalinguistic prophecy of language decline has received widespread acceptance. The second half of the article examines the reasons for its success and the resulting revival of the argumentation questioning Demotic Greek, and concludes that they should be attributed to a crisis of national identity. (Diglossia, language ideology, language planning, Greek)

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Percia, Violeta. „Stéphane Mallarmé: pure experience and poetry“. Anclajes 22, Nr. 2 (01.05.2018): 69–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.19137/anclajes-2018-2225.

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SABRY, AMR. „What is a purely functional language?“ Journal of Functional Programming 8, Nr. 1 (Januar 1998): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0956796897002943.

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Functional programming languages are informally classified into pure and impure languages. The precise meaning of this distinction has been a matter of controversy. We therefore investigate a formal definition of purity. We begin by showing that some proposed definitions which rely on confluence, soundness of the beta axiom, preservation of pure observational equivalences and independence of the order of evaluation, do not withstand close scrutiny. We propose instead a definition based on parameter-passing independence. Intuitively, the definition implies that functions are pure mappings from arguments to results; the operational decision of how to pass the arguments is irrelevant. In the context of Haskell, our definition is consistent with the fact that the traditional call-by-name denotational semantics coincides with the traditional call-by-need implementation. Furthermore, our definition is compatible with the stream-based, continuation-based and monad-based integration of computational effects in Haskell. Finally, we observe that call-by-name reasoning principles are unsound in compilers for monadic Haskell.

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Kitayama, Isao, Kazumasa Yamazaki, Kiyotomo Shibahara und Junichi Nomura. „Pure Word Deafness with Possible Transfer of Language Dominance“. Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences 44, Nr. 3 (September 1990): 577–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1819.1990.tb01632.x.

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Sharоpova, Rаno. „FEATURES OF FOREIGN WORDS IN THE UZBEK LANGUAGE“. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WORD ART 5, Nr. 3 (30.05.2020): 70–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.26739/2181-9297-2020-5-12.

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There is no pure language itself, that is, no language consists only of words that are specific to this language. Under the influence of various factors, words from other languages to the language are mastered. Word mastering is to pick up a word from a foreign language. Oral and written speech, however, can not be called a word that has mastered all the foreign words used in the texts. Accordingly, foreign words that are used in Uzbek speech are divided into words according to their integration into the linguistic system of the Uzbek language, their assimilation and instruction

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Dascal, Marcelo, und Taro Senderowitcz. „How pure is pure reason ? Language, Empirical Concepts, and Empirical Laws in Kant's Theory of Knowledge“. Histoire Épistémologie Langage 14, Nr. 2 (1992): 129–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/hel.1992.2358.

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Soon, Chiow Thai, und Chek Kim Loi. „THE IMPLEMENTATION OF MALAY LANGUAGE EDUCATION POLICY AND THE LINGUISTIC LANDSCAPE IN MALAYSIA“. International Journal of Humanities, Philosophy and Language 2, Nr. 8 (30.12.2019): 266–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.35631/ijhpl.280020.

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This ethnographic research uses the applied linguistic landscape of Ben-Rafael (2009) to examine the choices of language practice (Spolsky, 2009) reflected through 459 Romanised names of the company on an island in Malaysia named Labuan. One of the outcomes of this study shows Malaysians are basically bilingual and about half of the names of the company are bilingual. However, the use of Malay language in naming the companies on the island is low though the Malay language is the national language of the country and the Malaysian government has implemented the Malay language education policy since independence in 1957. There are only 13% of company names presented in pure Malay language comparing to those in pure English (45%) and in code-mixing of Malay language and English or other languages (42%). Besides a low percentage of using the Malay language in the company names, incorrect uses of the language were identified. The study suggests the Malaysian government specifically the local government considers the company name written in both Malay language and English instead of merely in the Malay language when it comes to approving the application of new company licenses.

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Touchie, John C. W. „Exit fantasyland: On the ontological status of ?pure? logic and ?pure? semantics“. International Journal for the Semiotics of Law 11, Nr. 2 (Juni 1998): 193–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01103849.

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Vandewinkel, Sigi, und Kristin Davidse. „The interlocking paths of development to emphasizer adjective pure“. Journal of Historical Pragmatics 9, Nr. 2 (23.04.2008): 255–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/jhp.9.2.05van.

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This study deals with the emphasizing use of adjective pure, as in pure heaven, pure unbridled hell, which heightens the semantic specifications of the following nominal description. On the basis of close analysis of synchronic and diachronic data, it is argued that the peculiarities of Present-day emphasizer pure are the result of two distinct but mutually reinforcing paths of development. Emphasizing pure first appeared as a subjective heightener of emotion nouns in the syntactic environment pure + noun, in which it subsequently spread to other collocational sets. The contextual emphasizing use, e.g. in pure spirit, seems to have been a facilitating factor in this process. In the pattern pure and adjective + noun, the emphasizing use cropped up only at the end of Late Modern English as the result of leftward movement and subjectification (Adamson 2000), enabled by contextual modulation of pure by the other adjective. These two paths were linked by shared collocational sets such as the emotion nouns.

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Khafidhoh, Khafidhoh. „A Child’s Language Acquisition: The Metathesis Phenomena“. Metathesis: Journal of English Language, Literature, and Teaching 3, Nr. 1 (30.04.2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.31002/metathesis.v3i1.1141.

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Metathesis is one of the unique phenomena among the children during their language acquisition phase. This research aims at investigating the metathesis phenomena happens in a child. The research method used in this research is qualitative method, especially case study. The results of this research show that the metathesis phenomena happen in that child is related to 16 phonemes. It includes pure metathesis in the same syllable phonemes, pure metathesis in the different syllables phonemes, metathesis followed by phonemes addition, metathesis followed by phonemes omission, and metathesis followed by both of them. The findings from this research will be the basis in conducting the following relevant studies.

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Roup, Christina. „Pure-Tone Audiometry and Masking“. International Journal of Audiology 50, Nr. 2 (25.01.2011): 138. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/14992027.2010.509741.

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Wengang, Yin, und Brian Butterworth. „Chinese Pure alexia“. Aphasiology 12, Nr. 1 (Januar 1998): 65–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02687039808249444.

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Karrebaek, Martha Sif, und Narges Ghandchi. „‘Pure’ Farsi and political sensitivities: Language and ideologies in Farsi complementary language classrooms in Denmark“. Journal of Sociolinguistics 19, Nr. 1 (Februar 2015): 62–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/josl.12106.

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Pagin, Peter, und Dag Westerståhl. „Pure quotation and general compositionality“. Linguistics and Philosophy 33, Nr. 5 (Oktober 2010): 381–415. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10988-011-9083-8.

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Remillard, Gilbert. „Pure perceptual-based sequence learning.“ Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 29, Nr. 4 (2003): 581–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.29.4.581.

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Golston, Chris. „Direct Optimality Theory: Representation as Pure Markedness“. Language 72, Nr. 4 (Dezember 1996): 713. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/416100.

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Woolford, Ellen. „Case locality: Pure domains and object shift“. Lingua 117, Nr. 9 (September 2007): 1591–616. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.lingua.2006.06.008.

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Osborne, Dana. „The making of “deep language” in the Philippines“. Language, Culture and Society 3, Nr. 1 (18.06.2021): 58–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/lcs.20008.osb.

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Abstract This analysis interrogates one of the most highly recognizable, but little understood metalinguistic descriptors of language in the contemporary Philippine linguistic scene: the concept of “deep language.” Here, “deep language” is explored as a complex, polysemous term generally used to describe homegrown conceptualizations of “pure” forms of Philippine-type languages and speakers. The contemporary understanding of “deep language” in the Philippines is theorized to have been informed by a complex combination of folk and academic discourses that have percolated throughout shared ideologies and conceptualizations of language since national independence at mid-20th century. The metric of “depth” in the analysis of language is shown to function centrally as a conceptual metaphor that enables everyday speakers to theorize person-types and the passage of time in a folk chronotope reckoned through the sign of language.

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Nguyen, Hue Thi. „THE ORIGINAL KHMER WORDS“. Scientific Journal of Tra Vinh University 1, Nr. 25 (19.06.2019): 40–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.35382/18594816.1.25.2017.118.

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The Khmer language vocabulary is not only inherent in the Khmer language but is also characterized by the fact that it is composed of elements from other languages and gradually becomes an indispensable part of the language system in Khmer language. If the concept of Khmer is just the word available in the Khmer language at the newly formed stage, it will be difficult to see the change and development of the Khmer itself and not reflect the true nature of the Khmer language. In terms of origin, the SanscritPali words have been high-level Khmerized, so Khmer language users do not consider them as extrinsic words but native words - pure Khmer words.

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Kushner, Eva. „English as Global Language: Problems, Dangers, Opportunities“. Diogenes 50, Nr. 2 (Mai 2003): 17–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0392192103050002002.

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Now that the age-old dream, which never materialized, of a universal language has evaporated, we note that English is in the process of becoming if not the universal at least an omnipresent language. In many multilingual countries it has become the language of communication. Globally it is imposing itself as the language of business, aviation and scientific research. Is this a pure benefit for humanity, or does it conceal risks or even dangers? Is the spreading of English a secondary effect of Americanization? Is linguistic diversity being sacrificed? Only if the countries affected submit to linguistic and cultural homogenization. The ideal - which remains within reach - would be to accept English as a practical tool of communication without ceasing to strive for the maintenance and strength of other languages in symbiosis with their own cultures.

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Pásztor-Kicsi, Mária. „Regionality – Language – Internet“. Acta Universitatis Sapientiae, Philologica 8, Nr. 2 (01.12.2016): 35–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ausp-2016-0016.

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Abstract The Internet has a strong influence on our daily communication and language use. Its continuous growing makes us face the world characterized by networks of connections that span multi-continental distances. The metaphor of global village seems to be not merely a futuristic theory, but pure reality. People can communicate worldwide with each other, reach all kinds of information to get up-to-date, as long as they respect the basic demand of globalization, which means the use of a common language (i.e. English). But this tendency hides a serious issue if we try to observe globalization from the aspect of local and regional cultures and languages, especially those in minority position. The study deals with the language use of the Hungarian minority in Vojvodina, with special focus on Netspeak and the regional features of language forms used on the Internet. It also analyses the attitudes of a group of students towards the influence of the Internet on speech and language. This part of the survey is based on questionnaires.

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Dewi, Erniyanti Nur Fatahhela, Didin Nuruddin Hidayat und Alek Alek. „Investigating Figurative Language in “Lose You to Love Me” Song Lyric“. Loquen: English Studies Journal 13, Nr. 1 (30.06.2020): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.32678/loquen.v13i1.2548.

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Figurative language is part of the semantic aspect in language that employs various figures in a language. The study discussed an analysis of the figurative languages in the Selena Gomez song. The study aimed at finding out the kind and the meaning of figurative languages in her song “Lose You to Love Me”. The source of the data was taken from the lyrics of Selena Gomez’s song. Her song was classified as a pop song released on 23rd October 2019. In this analysis, the descriptive qualitative model was used with a pure structuralism approach, such as hyperbole, irony, paradox, personification, repetition, and simile. Then the types of figurative language were classified and analyzed. The result showed that six kinds of figurative languages were found: hyperbole 33.3%, Irony 11.1%, paradox 22.3%, personification 11.1%, repetition 11.1%, and simile 11.1%. The figurative language dominant is hyperbole since song lyrics are distorted by adding original meanings to explicit words. Instead, song lyrics contain a comparative meaning between denotative interpretation and connotative meaning. In addition, this song provides the essence of the song on aesthetic principles and colors.

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Wamsley. „“A Pure Language (or Lip)”: Representing Hebrew in Colonial New England“. Studies in American Jewish Literature (1981-) 37, Nr. 2 (2018): 117. http://dx.doi.org/10.5325/studamerjewilite.37.2.0117.

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Mickonis, Jonas. „Main Principles of Teaching Foreign Languages and their Theoretical Interpretation“. Coactivity: Philology, Educology 15, Nr. 4 (15.04.2011): 115–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/coactivity.2007.40.

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Proper choice of the whole complex of principles of teaching a foreign language, being both pure didactic or those of methods of teaching foreign languages, enables the creation and improvement of efficient teaching strategies. Both principles play their own role in a teaching practice. In their turn, though significant, the didactic principles should not be regarded as being of optimal importance. The most important in this field are the principles of methods of teaching foreign languages which can be divided into general and separate, the latter being related to the teaching of diverse phenomena of the language taught.

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Bruthiaux, Paul. „Language Description, Language Prescription and Language Planning“. Language Problems and Language Planning 16, Nr. 3 (01.01.1992): 221–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/lplp.16.3.01bru.

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SOMMAIRE Description, Prescription, et Planification Linguistiques Cet article considère le paradoxe apparent qui accompagne les efforts des linguistes qui tentent d'influencer, délibèrèment et systèmatiquement, le comportement linguistique d'une communauté, tout en s'efforçant d'éviter une accusation de prescriptivisme. La nature fortement normative de la grammaire traditionelle est comparée au relativisme linguistique qui caractérise une grande partie des études sociolinguistiques récentes. Un compromis est considéré comme indispensable car la planification linguistique ne peut pas être entièrement libre de jugements de valeurs. Le besoin d'une modernisation rapide dans les nations émergentes exige que le comportement linguistique ne soit pas laissé entièrement à des forces naturelles. Les linguistes descriptivistes ont un rôle à jouer dans ce processus à condition qu'ils ne s'associent pas à des projets gouvernementaux moralement répréhensibles. Il est à la fois possible et nécessaire d'atteindre un équilibre entre la promotion d'unités économiques viables et la préservation de la diversité linguistique. En collaboration avec les chercheurs en sciences sociales et les autorités gouvernementales, les linguistes sont les plus a même de mener à bien la tâche de planification linguistique. RESUMO Lingva priskribo, lingva preskribo kaj lingva planado La aŭtoro konsideras la sajnan paradokson malantaŭ la celoj de lingvistoj, kiuj penas influi, intence kaj sisteme, la lingvan konduton de komunumo, dume klopodante eviti akuzojn pri preskribismo. La artikolo komparas la normigan karakteron de tradicia gramatiko kun la lingva relativismo, kiu karakterizas multajn lastatempajn socilingvistikajn esplorojn, kaj taksas kom-promison neevitebla car lingvoplanado ne povas kaj ne devas esti sen valoroj. La bezono de rapida modernigo en evoluantaj nacioj postulas, ke oni ne lasu lingvan konduton pure kaj nure al naturaj fortoj. Priskribaj lingvistoj havas sian rolon en la procedo, kondice ke ili ne ligu sin al morale kondamnindaj registaraj projektoj. Oni devas trovi ekvilibron inter apogo de viv-kapablaj ekonomiaj unuoj kaj konservado de lingva diverseco. Kunlabore kun socisciencistoj kaj registaraj instancoj, lingvistoj estas unike kvalifikitaj al sukcesa plenumado de la lingvo-plana tasko.

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Sharf, Robert. „ON PURE LAND BUDDHISM AND CH'AN/PURE LAND SYNCRETISM IN MEDIEVAL CHINA“. T'oung Pao 88, Nr. 4 (2002): 282–331. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156853202100368398.

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Dash, N. S. „The Process of Designing a Multidisciplinary Monolingual Sample Corpus“. International Journal of Corpus Linguistics 5, Nr. 2 (31.12.2000): 179–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ijcl.5.2.05das.

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This paper discusses the approach of developing a sample of printed corpus in Bangla, one of the national languages of India and the only national language of Bangladesh. It is designed from the data collected from various published documents. The paper highlights different issues related to corpus generation, data-file preparation, language analysis, and processing as well as application potentials to different areas of pure and applied linguistics. It also includes statistical studies on the corpus along with some interpretation of the results. The difficulties that one may face during corpus generation are also pointed out.

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Păun, Gheorghe, und Miroslav Novotný. „On Some Parameters Occurring in Certain Effective Constructions of Grammars“. Fundamenta Informaticae 10, Nr. 1 (01.01.1987): 69–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/fi-1987-10105.

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J. Ostravský considered two classes of languages – BS and BC – and described an effective construction assigning a pure grammar Gjk(V,L) to any j∈{s,c}, to any language (V,L), and to any integer k⩾1. He proved that (V,L)∈Bj if and only if there exists k0⩾1 such that Gjk(V,L) = Gjk0(V,L) for any k⩾k0. The least integer k0 with this property is a complexity measure of the language (V,L)∈Bj. Besides this complexity measure, we study another one introduced in connection with the above mentioned construction. We compare the complexity of languages with the complexity of languages obtained by usual operations from the given ones.

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Vandewinkel, Sigi. „Strengthening uses of pure/puur in English and Dutch“. English Text Construction 3, Nr. 1 (08.04.2010): 44–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/etc.3.1.04van.

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In both English and Dutch, the adjective “pure/puur” has developed subjectified meanings, denoting speaker involvement rather than lexical unmixedness, as in the reinforcing “pure madness/pure waanzin”. “Pure/puur” can also express focusing discourse-structuring functions (“That’s pure luck/Da’s puur geluk”) and submodifier-of-classifier uses (“a pure economic measure/een puur economische maatregel”), structuring local discourse along precise subclassifications.This synchronic comparative study aims at describing these uses and at finetuning the analytical apparatus on which current accounts are based. Specific research questions are: what patterns do “pure/puur” engage in and what are their lexicosyntactic properties? What parameters explain distributional similarities? And how do these findings fit in with hypotheses about the unidirectionality of subjectification and the accompanying leftward movement in the NP?

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Huss, Martina, und Brian C. J. Moore. „Dead regions and noisiness of pure tones“. International Journal of Audiology 44, Nr. 10 (Januar 2005): 599–611. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02640410500243962.

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Fisher, Garrett. „Pure pedagogy: educational tools to maintain student interest and engagement in language courses“. Revista Comunicación 26, Nr. 1-17 (01.11.2017): 5–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.18845/rc.v26i1-17.3319.

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In 2017, language educators are considering the best ways to educate students because ofthe increase in technology use. This article addresses three topics that language instructorsfrequently consider: (1) the use of technology with current students, (2) appropriate methods and technologies for use with current generations, and (3) the implementation of change to increase student engagement. This article argues that engagement is a critical aspect in language classrooms and knowledge of current students, technology, and second language teaching methods can help maintain interest and participation with students. While it is futile to argue for a single method as the most optimal way to teach a language, this paper offers information on multiple methods and evaluates their usage with current generations while touching on the considerations that must be taken into account while implementing technology with students in language classrooms. This research utilizes Task-Based Language Teaching (TBLT) as a main base for the methodological framework, yet other methods are considered because technology and additional methods, such as the Grammar-Translation Method, the Natural Method, Community Language Learning (CLL), Total Physical Response (TPR), and Teaching Proficiency through Reading and Storytelling (TPRS) can be integrated within TBLT to maintain the interest and engagement of current language students.

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Smith, Sharon, und Kieron Smith. „Down Syndrome as Pure Simulacrum“. Journal of Literary & Cultural Disability Studies: Volume 15, Issue 3 15, Nr. 3 (01.08.2021): 287–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/jlcds.2021.24.

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The article questions both the dominant metanarrative around Down syndrome and its numerous tropes, but also the dominant counter-narrative for effectively re-enforcing this. In order to expose the dominance of the image over the reality of Down syndrome, the article utilizes Baudrillard’s concept of the simulacra. It demonstrates how attempts to challenge the deficit model relating to Down syndrome continue to incorporate both the specific language and underlying metaphors of Down syndrome as other. Despite greater positive visibility in advertisements, television, and the press, there continues to be an increase in terminations and no progress on inclusion in education or the workplace. The article opposes both received narratives and metaphors around Down syndrome and poses a new challenge to the disparate, but ultimately impotent dominant counter-arguments and argues for a renewed focus on the real, the material experiences of people with Down syndrome. This is the only way that the dominant prevalent image of Down syndrome can be overcome.

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HAHN, CHRISTIAN G. K., HENRIK SAALBACH und ROLAND H. GRABNER. „Language-dependent knowledge acquisition: investigating bilingual arithmetic learning“. Bilingualism: Language and Cognition 22, Nr. 1 (05.10.2017): 47–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1366728917000530.

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Previous studies revealed language-switching costs (LSC) in bilingual learning settings, consisting of performance decreases when problems are solved in a language different from that of instruction. Strong costs have been found for arithmetic fact knowledge. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether LSC in arithmetic also emerge in an auditory learning task and in pure fact learning. Furthermore, we tested whether LSC are influenced by the direction of language-switching. Thirty-three university students learned arithmetic facts of three different operations (i.e., multiplication, subtraction, artificial facts) over a period of four days. The training was either in German or English. On day five, participants solved problems in both languages. Results revealed LSC in response latencies for all three types of problems, independent of the direction of language-switching. These findings suggest that LSC are modality-unspecific and occur independent of the type of arithmetic fact knowledge.

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Croom, Adam M. „The semantics of slurs: a refutation of pure expressivism“. Language Sciences 41 (Januar 2014): 227–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.langsci.2013.07.003.

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Nur Fitria, Tira. „BORROWING WORD ANALYSIS IN "I FINE THANK YOU LOVE" MOVIE“. Lire Journal (Journal of Linguistics and Literature) 3, Nr. 1 (31.03.2019): 7–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.33019/lire.v3i1.45.

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The objectives of this research are to describe the types of borrowing word and to find out the dominant type of borrowing words found in “I Fine Thank You Love You” movie. This research is descriptive qualitative research. Descriptive research tries to present the problem clearly based on the accurate data, explaining and describing the topic of a problem based on the theory used. From the analysis, it is found that there are two types of borrowing word found in “I Fine Thank You Love You” movie, they are pure and naturalized borrowing. In pure borrowing, there are 43 data or 38.39 %. While, in naturalized borrowing, there are 69 data or 61.61 %. It shows that pure borrowing shows high percentage than naturalized borrowing. In pure borrowing, a word purely taken from the source language (SL) into the target language (TL) without changing any letters. While, in naturalized borrowing, a word can be naturalized to fit the spelling rules in the target language (TL) so the readers can understand easily what the word means

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Martin Blumenthal-Barby. „Pernicious Bastardizations: Benjamin's Ethics of Pure Violence“. MLN 124, Nr. 3 (2009): 728–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/mln.0.0168.

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Algooneh Juneghani, Masoud. „Interpretant, pure rhetoric, and semiotics of poetry“. Semiotica 2018, Nr. 222 (25.04.2018): 163–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/sem-2016-0083.

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AbstractOne of the main components of the Peirce’s semiotics is interpretant, which is formed through the interaction of representamen and object in the mind of the subject. As meaning-production is an endless, infinite process, it is the interpretant that plays a key function in this process; in fact interpretant leads to the revival of some other sign and consequently makes the signification go on in an endless route. Peirce, taking this in mind, asserts that the study of the rules by which an interpretant leads to the revival of another new sign could be established under a comprehensive topic of pure rhetoric. However, the question of pure rhetoric and its rules is almost completely neglected in his writings and his arguments in this regard are no more than a couple of pages. As a result, the present research tries not only to analyze and justify the rules proposed by Peirce, but also investigate theoretically their application in the semiotics of poetry. The researcher, accordingly, by proposing a new model, tries to open up an infinitesimal aperture to the world of semiotics. This goal is somewhat achieved.

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