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Swartz, Leslie. „Aspects of culture in South African psychiatry“. Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/15869.
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Bibliography: pages 351-389.A review of the South African psychiatric literature reveals that the concept of culture is commonly reified. It is also used by the South African state to legitimate apartheid. The concept of cultural relativism, though often associated with liberal views internationally, is linked with state policies in South Africa. Some South African social scientists, therefore, strongly question the notion of relativism. This reaction unfortunately does not engage with the social reality of the widespread perception of cultural differences, in psychiatric settings and elsewhere. Issues of race and culture in psychiatric practice were explored in a psychiatry department of a liberal South African university. Observation of ward-rounds in a psychiatric casualty (emergency) facility over six months revealed that, as elsewhere in the world, a major cultural factor influencing clinicians is the relationship between psychiatry and general medicine. A cultural understanding of South African psychiatry must take account of this relationship. Ward-rounds in a facility treating Black psychiatric patients were observed over fifteen months. Black and white clinicians in these rounds were often in conflict over constructions of the concept of culture. Some appeared deeply ambivalent about cultural relativism. Psychiatric registrars (residents) attached to the department under study participated in loosely structured interviews exploring issues of race and culture in their work. They also responded to vignettes dealing with white, coloured and Black patients. Registrars felt uncomfortable about the role of the concept of cultural difference in affecting the welfare of Black patients, and in maintaining discrimination. Their own socialisation as practitioners in an individualising and medicalising discipline seems a major factor contributing to their ongoing reproduction of this discrimination. The study reveals the importance of exploring the views and experiences of practitioners. South African work focussing on the need for fundamental change in mental health care has generally glossed over details of extant practice. This dissertation shows, however, that a major site for mobilisation for change in South African mental health-care must be the psychiatric institution itself.
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Keirnan, Elizabeth Carole, University of Western Sydney, College of Law and Business und School of Management. „Medicine, money and madness : conversations with psychiatrists - a postmodern perspective“. THESIS_CLAB_MAN_Keirnan_E.xml, 2004. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/533.
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Foucault speaks of the formation of an individual’s identity, or the process of becoming someone else, as a worthy game. For postmodernists, it is considered a life-long process of reconstruction and re-evaluation. The identities that are the focus of this research are psychiatrists, but also the self. This research follows previous post-graduate research that reflected on knowledge, power, space, surveillance, the body and organisational control. The major questions of this earlier research was; “What constituted normality in the work place and who were the arbiters of this normality” Chapter one of this work - Psychiatrists in Post-modernity, introduces the research project through the research questions, motivation for the project and the challenges to be met. Chapter two is a theoretical chapter that presents Post-modern Philosophical Perspective and discusses the history of development of post-modern thought in social research. Chapter three – History, Myth and Reality, places today’s psychiatry in Australia, in historical context. Chapter four – People, Politics and Purpose, considers the current state of mental health policy in Australia. Chapter five – Methodology and Methods, considers the methodological debate in the social sciences between qualitative and quantitative research methods. Chapter six – Outcomes and Interpretation presents an interpretation of the research interviews and discusses the connections and possible meanings of the stories told by psychiatrists, within the context of the post-modern philosophical perspective. Chapter seven – Post-modern Psychiatry considers the question: is there or can there be a post-modern psychiatry? It takes the interpretations, connections and meanings from Chapter six and locates them in the wider social context of the Australian National Mental Health StrategyDoctor of Philosophy (PhD)
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Cheida, Rodrigo Saraiva 1984. „Análise sociológica da"biologização" do TDA/H na psiquiatria brasileira“. [s.n.], 2013. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/287020.
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Orientador: Marko Synesio Alves MonteiroDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Geociências
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-22T20:43:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Cheida_RodrigoSaraiva_M.pdf: 1113812 bytes, checksum: 155c5970a533817b929a2fd0540757f6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013
Resumo: Esta dissertação tem como objetivo investigar a "biologização" do Transtorno de Déficit de Atenção/Hiperatividade (TDA/H) na vertente organicista de doença mental da psiquiatria no Brasil, a partir do recorte metodológico dos Estudos Sociais da Ciência e Tecnologia (ESCT), especificamente os aportes teóricos da construção social da doença. O objetivo do estudo é investigar histórica e sociologicamente a forma pela qual o transtorno veio a ser investigado como uma patologia de origens biológicas pelas práticas psiquiátricas brasileiras. Para identificar os sentidos históricos pelos quais as fronteiras diagnósticas do transtorno possuem bases biológicas, foi feito um levantamento histórico para retomar as principais tradições da vertente organicista de pesquisa das doenças mentais da Psiquiatria no Brasil. Outro levantamento histórico buscou identificar, a partir do próprio conhecimento biológico do TDA/H, as contingências sociais do transtorno. A proposta de ambas as historiografias é investigar quais atores sociais mobilizaram técnicas e conhecimentos científicos oriundos da neurologia e da biologia até a sua atual classificação no Manual Diagnóstico e Estatístico de Distúrbios Mentais em sua quarta versão revisada - Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders - DSM-IV/RT - e a Classificação Internacional de Doenças - CID-10. Em seguida, foi realizada uma investigação em artigos coletados na base científica SCIELO para identificar quais os principais atores sociais, as técnicas e o conhecimento científico que são mobilizados para investigar o TDA/H, entre os anos de 2007 e 2012, no Brasil. Foi possível verificar que, em sua maioria, o conhecimento da patologia é produzido por pesquisadores das áreas da Psiquiatria e das Neurociências que utilizam técnicas baseadas em paradigmas neurocientíficos para a investigação de doenças mentais. Interpreta-se que o conhecimento neurológico do transtorno, por sua vez, licencia que a prática médico-psiquiátrica trate determinados fenômenos sociais como problemas médicos e faça o controle social dos indivíduos desatentos "anormais" para recuperá-los em sua condição "normal". Acredita-se que investigações que utilizam o metilfenidato, principal fármaco da terapia da patologia, pode ser uma forma de controle social pela ciência psiquiátrica brasileira, quando definem os comportamentos através do conhecimento neurocientífico como TDA/H. Também foi possível constatar que os estudos sobre o TDA/H, em sua maioria, foram financiados por indústrias farmacêuticas, ator social hegemônico na produção do conhecimento científico do TDA/H. A relação entre indústria farmacêutica e produção científica é um meio de legitimar a administração do psicofármaco metilfenidato como terapia principal no tratamento do transtorno. Desta forma, a relação entre indústria e doença é um fenômeno social no qual a ciência possui papel preponderante na aferição das categorias que podem ser consideradas "doença"
Abstract: This dissertation aims to investigate the development of research on Attention Deficit-Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in the organicist dimension of mental illness of psychiatry in Brazil, with the methodological approach of the Social Studies of Science and Technology (SSST), specifically the theoretical contribution of the social construction of illness. The objective of the study is to investigate historically and sociologically how the disorder came to be investigating with biological causes by Brazilian psychiatric practices. To identify the historical by which the boundaries of the disorder has a biological basis, a historical survey is done to resume the main research traditions of organicist shed of mental illness of Psychiatry in Brazil. Another historical survey seeks to identify the social contingences from the biological knowledge of ADHD. The proposal to investigate both historiographies is to analyses which social actors mobilized technical and scientific knowledge from neurology and biology to its current classification in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders - DSM-IV/RT and the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10). Then an investigation is carried out on the basis of scientific articles collected in SCIELO to identify the main social actors, the technical and scientific knowledge that are mobilized to investigate the ADHD, between 2007 and 2012, in Brazil. It was possible to verify, in most of the articles, that the knowledge of the pathology is done by researchers from the fields of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, which uses techniques based on neuroscientific paradigms for mental illness researches. It is interpreted that the neurological knowledge of the disorder, in turn, licenses the medical-psychiatric practices to treat certain social phenomenon as medical problems, under a social control of the individuals with the disorder treated as "abnormal" to get them back into their "normal" condition. It is proposed as an analysis that methylphenidate, the main drug therapy to the pathology, is a form of social control by Brazilian Psychiatry when they define the behaviors as ADHD. It also appeared that the studies are funded by pharmaceutical companies, the hegemonic social actor in the production of the scientific knowledge of ADHD. The relationship by the pharmaceutical industry and the scientific production is a way of legitimizing the administration of psychotropic drug methylphenidate as primary therapy in the treatment of the disorder. Thus, the relationship between industry and disease is a social phenomenon in which science has leading role in gauging the categories that can be considered disease
Mestrado
Politica Cientifica e Tecnologica
Mestre em Política Científica e Tecnológica
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Keirnan, Elizabeth Carole. „Medicine, money and madness : conversations with psychiatrists - a postmodern perspective“. Thesis, View thesis, 2004. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/533.
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Foucault speaks of the formation of an individual’s identity, or the process of becoming someone else, as a worthy game. For postmodernists, it is considered a life-long process of reconstruction and re-evaluation. The identities that are the focus of this research are psychiatrists, but also the self. This research follows previous post-graduate research that reflected on knowledge, power, space, surveillance, the body and organisational control. The major questions of this earlier research was; “What constituted normality in the work place and who were the arbiters of this normality” Chapter one of this work - Psychiatrists in Post-modernity, introduces the research project through the research questions, motivation for the project and the challenges to be met. Chapter two is a theoretical chapter that presents Post-modern Philosophical Perspective and discusses the history of development of post-modern thought in social research. Chapter three – History, Myth and Reality, places today’s psychiatry in Australia, in historical context. Chapter four – People, Politics and Purpose, considers the current state of mental health policy in Australia. Chapter five – Methodology and Methods, considers the methodological debate in the social sciences between qualitative and quantitative research methods. Chapter six – Outcomes and Interpretation presents an interpretation of the research interviews and discusses the connections and possible meanings of the stories told by psychiatrists, within the context of the post-modern philosophical perspective. Chapter seven – Post-modern Psychiatry considers the question: is there or can there be a post-modern psychiatry? It takes the interpretations, connections and meanings from Chapter six and locates them in the wider social context of the Australian National Mental Health Strategy
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Booi, Beauty Ntombizanele. „Three perspectives on ukuthwasa: the view from traditional beliefs, western psychiatry and transpersonal psychology“. Thesis, Rhodes University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002445.
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Among the Xhosas, the healing sickness called intwaso is interptreted as a call by the ancestors to become a healer. Transpersonalists also see these initiatory illnesses as spiritual crises, while according to the widely accepted Western psychiatric view, illness is purely perceived in physical and psychological terms. A case study was conducted where a single participant who has undergone the process of ukuthwasa and is functioning as a traditional healer was interviewed. A series of interviews were done where information was gathered about significant experiences related to ukuthwasa process. Tapes were transcribed and a case narrative was written and interpreted using the traditional Xhosa beliefs, the western psychiatric and the transpersonal psychology perspectives. Strengths and weaknesses of each perspective were then examined.
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Moulding, Nicole. „Disciplining the feminine: the reproduction of gender contradictions in mental health care /“. Title page, table of contents and abstract only, 2004. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phm9263.pdf.
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Nowak, Lisa Rebecca. „Philosophical perspectives on the stigma of mental illness“. Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/13193.
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This thesis is concerned with philosophical perspectives on the stigma of mental illness, with each chapter exploring different philosophical issues. Chapter one delineates the central concept around which the rest of the work revolves: the stigma of mental illness. It provides an outline of the stigma mechanism, how it applies to mental illness, why it is such a large public health concern and what has been done so far to combat it. Chapter two is concerned with the application of recent literature in the philosophy of implicit bias to the topic of mental illness. It suggests that we have hitherto been preoccupied with explicit formulations of the stigma mechanism, but argues that there are distinctive issues involved in combatting forms of discrimination in which the participants are not cognisant of their attitudes or actions, and that anti-stigma initiatives for mental illness should take note. Chapter three applies the philosophical literature concerning the ethics of our epistemic practices to the stigma of mental illness. It contains an analysis of how epistemic injustice- primarily in the forms of testimonial injustice and stereotype threat- affects those with mental illnesses. The fourth chapter brings in issues in the philosophy of science (particularly the philosophy of psychiatry) to explore the possibility of intervening on the stigma process to halt the stigma of mental illness. The first candidate (preventing labelling) is discounted, and the second (combatting stereotype) is tentatively endorsed. The fifth chapter is concerned with how language facilitates the stigma of mental illness. It suggests that using generics to talk about mental illness (whether the knowledge structure conveyed is inaccurate or accurate) is deeply problematic. In the former, it conveys insidious forms of social stereotyping. In the latter, it propagates misinformation by presenting the category as a quintessential one.
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Welch, Mark, University of Western Sydney und Faculty of Nursing and Health Studies. „Reel madness : the representation of madness in popular western film“. THESIS_FNHS_XXX_Welch_M.xml, 1997. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/705.
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This thesis considers the representation of madness in popular film, in the main from the Western canon and English speaking, and argues that madness is seen and represented as an extreme of human experience, a form of Otherness, which throws into relief notions of ontology, sanity and personal and cultural identity. It progresses from a consideration of the historical representations of madness and sanity in art and literature to a review of the pertinent literature on cinema and representation, and uses seminal examples from throughout cinematic history mostly from English language films, from 1906-1996, to illustrate the argument. Alternative methodological approaches are considered for the insights they may provide, and also for the contribution they make to the development of the thesis, in particular the influence of semiotics. A number of stereotypical portrayals of madness, such as the 'mad scientist', the 'crazed murderer', and the 'doomed heroic outsider' are examined in detail. Finally, the thesis proposes the way madness, and mad people, are represented in popular film is reflective and indicative of social and cultural concerns over what can be known, how identity can be established and what it means to live in the contemporary world fraught with uncertainty, anxiety and changeDoctor of Philosophy (Hons)
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Darwich, Yosef, und Sanna Österman. „De sociala perspektivens betydelse hos barn och ungdomar där det finns misstanke om ADHD“. Thesis, Ersta Sköndal högskola, Institutionen för socialvetenskap, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:esh:diva-4338.
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Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka hur professionella inom elevhälsan på tre skolor samt en specialenhet inom barn och ungdomspsykiatrin förhåller sig till sociala perspektiv hos barn och ungdomar där det finns misstanke om ADHD samt hur ser möjligheterna och förutsättningar för ett sådant förhållningssätt. Hur ser elevhälsan och BUP på orsaksförklaringar för denna målgrupp där misstanke om ADHD föreligger. Studien har en kvalitativ forskningsansats och är baserad på sju semistrukturerade intervjuer med socionomer och psykologer inom elevhälsan och BUP. Analysen av resultatet har skett med nysinstitutionell organisationsteori. Resultatet visar att de professionella ansåg att det var av stor vikt att granska de sociala perspektiven vid misstanke om ADHD. De intervjuade kunde i sina respektive verksamheter urskilja en rad orsaksförklaringar i barn och ungdomars sociala miljö hos dem med ett beteende likt ADHD, utöver en neuropsykiatrisk förklaringsmodell. Faktorer som ansågs vara speciellt problematiska var uppväxtmiljö och en resurssvag skolmiljö som ställer högre krav på barn och ungdomars självständighet. Majoriteten av de professionella menar att möjligheterna och förutsättningarna för att anlägga ett socialt perspektiv i fall hos barn och ungdomar med beteende likt ADHD försvåras av organisatoriska och ekonomiska orsaker. Respondenterna utrycker att socionomens med sin yrkeskunnighet ej alltid ses som självklar när det kommer till misstanke och utredning av ADHD. Respondenterna menar att läkaren och till viss del psykologer har mandat att sätta diagnosen ADHD. Detta menar respondenterna har lett till en mer ensidigt tolkning av beteende likt ADHD där den neuropsykiatriska förklaringsmodellen i många fall dominerar när man misstänker eller utreder ett barn för beteende likt ADHD. De intervjuade önskar ett mer nyanserat perspektiv vid misstanke om ADHD där man kan utreda olika orsaksförklaringar i större utsträckning.The aim of the study was to examine attitudes of healthcare and support workers, in three Swedish primary schools and one special unit for child and adolescence mental health (BUP), towards the social aspects of children and adolescence with suspicion of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The study further aimed to investigate to what extent the health services provide opportunities and favourable conditions for stimulating a social perspective when there is a suspicion of ADHD, and what explanations health services professionals give where suspicion of ADHD exists. The study was carried out using qualitative methods and was based on seven semi-structured interviews with social workers and psychologists within educational health and support services and BUP. The outcomes of the interviews were analysed using an organisational theory based on neo-institutionalism. The results showed that health services professionals considered the social perspective to be of high relevance when investigating cases of suspected ADHD. Interviewees from different operational areas were able to identify a number of potential causes to a behavior like ADHD in the children’s social environments in addition to the neuropsychological explanation model. A number of potential factors were identified by the interviewees, including the children’s upbringing environment and a lack of resources in schools, where higher and higher demands of independence are put on children and adolescence. A majority of the interviewed health care professionals pointed to a high degree of difficulty in applying a social perspective explanatory model to children exhibiting behaviour reminiscent of ADHD due to organisational and economic circumstances. The general view was that this was made difficult due to the lesser or greater influence of particular professional groups, leading to what the interviewees referred to as a one-sided interpretation of behaviour similar to ADHD favouring the neuropsychological model. The interviewees desired a wider perspective when a suspected case of ADHD emerges where one can utilise the different explanatory models to a greater extent.
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Luk, Yin-ching, und 陸燕青. „Evidence-based psychosocial intervention for families with childhood cancer patients“. Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2010. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B44625698.
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Sadkowski, Marie. „Place-identity and homelessness : The restorative nature of the home“. Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 1993. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1456.
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This research aims to address deficiencies in the Place-Identity literature and establish whether the home is a central and mediating environment within this theory. An exploration of the association between homelessness and Place-Identity provides a vehicle for clarifying the psychological role of the home and in doing so an increased awareness of this social problem is promoted. Korpela's (1989) and Kaplan's (1983) theories on place, accentuating active self-regulatory mechanisms and restorative environments, act as a catalyst and provide a solid foundation for this current research. The extensive literature on the home highlights the different conceptions that abound and the lack of consensus regarding the impact of this environment. The environmental psychology paradigm promotes an understanding of the mutuality between people and their environments and in line with this belief it is Sixsmith's (1986) model of the home emphasizing the complementarity of the physical, social and emotional components that is the most influential, raising questions as to whether privacy and socialization are central adaptive functions and whether the physical environment can create a means for them to be fostered. The accent of the research is placed on a comparative analysis between homeless and non-homeless youth aged between 12-20 living in Perth's inner and outer suburbs. A random sampling procedure was used to obtain the sample (40 homeless and 40 non-homeless). An exploratory study provided some verification for the connection between Place-identity and homelessness and directed the methodology. A structured interview format was used with the instrument for the main inquiry being devised through a collaborative process with input from the researcher, administrative personnel and homeless youth. Fndings consolidate the importance of Place-Identity theory and the role places potentially have in promoting a sense of self and in maintaining self-equilibrium. An appreciation of the perceptions held of the original and current home environments by the two groups (homeless/non-homeless) suggests that it is the home that has the potential to contribute substantially to self identity. Links are made with Korpela (1989) and Kaplan (1983) demonstrating how the current home environment can reduce the impact of prior negative experiences in the original home. This finding stimulates the development and extrapolation of tentative models of Place-Identity clarifying the role of the home in creating a sense of self and maintaining self-equilibrium whilst emphasizing the importance of Promoting active self-regulation particularly pertaining to privacy and socialization. The most salient feature being the way in which these two latter qualities are stimulated by the design of homes and how they impact on self-identity. From these models an appreciation of the role of the original home as a possible causative factor for homelessness is acknowledged and importantly suggestions as to how the current home can potentially 'break' the homeless cycle proposed. The ramifications of this research extend primarily into the areas of counselling and design with the information obtained being useful for youth workers, school counsellors, parents and all concerned with youth. There are also implications for designers and architects suggesting that more conducive environments emerge from a collaborative process which encourages a shared conception of place needs. Future research is needed to broaden an understanding of the homeless group by incorporating greater numbers to include a more extensive coverage of the three types of accomodation (short, medium and long term) and those 'on the streets'. Developmental influences on Place-Identity are intimated and also warrant further investigation. This research stimulates questions about the influence of places throughout the various stages of life. It creates a foundation for determining how the physical environment can be restorative for other alienated groups in society such as those in prisons, hospitals and refuges. It also lends itself to an exploration of cultural influences such as Aboriginality and Place-Identity where such information might assist integration in a similar way as a knowledge of Place-Identity might for the homeless. It is hoped that this research might prove instrumental in impacting on policy related to accommodation services for the homeless, promote an increased understanding of this issue and lead to a continuing interest in the promotion of self-identity through the physical environment.
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Carlisle, Patricia A. „Meaning in distress : exploring religion, spirituality and mental health social work practice in Northern Ireland“. Thesis, University of Stirling, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/21736.
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This empirical study explores if, and how, religion and spirituality are relevant subjects for those experiencing mental distress in Northern Ireland (NI) and how, if at all, the subject is engaged with in mental health social work practice. Although there is some controversy in United Kingdom based research regarding the apparent benefit of religion and spirituality within mental health, service user research and literature suggests its importance within recovery. Literature on religion, spirituality and social work practice suggests the need to examine the social and political processes which persist around this subject in social work practice (Henery, 2003; Wong and Vinsky, 2009). This examination is appropriate given the role of religion within the political conflict in NI, the impact of the conflict upon social work practice (Campbell et al, 2013), the high incidence of mental ill health in NI and the apparent role of religion and spirituality within mental distress. This study considers how mental health social workers may engage with this subject within their practice not only as an aspect of service users’ identity but also within post conflict Northern Ireland. The study methodology and design drew upon narrative theory and grounded theory. I interviewed twelve mental health service users and twelve mental health social workers, and half of the participants from each group also took part in a follow-up telephone interview. All of the participants were invited to bring an object which expressed what religion and spirituality meant to them. Analysis explored the views and experiences of mental health service users and social workers about religion and spirituality, within specific aspects of the wider social field. Service user and social worker participants’ accounts suggested that whilst the role of religion and spirituality within mental distress was recognised, its inclusion in mental health social work practice was marked with questions of legitimacy. Some of these questions were explicitly framed within the conflict, whilst others were less so. The study found that although religion was associated with politics, sectarianism and violence, its role, and that of spirituality, as an aspect of identity and meaning-making, appeared to be underdeveloped. Two key findings are of particular note. 10 Firstly that service user participants had their own ‘hierarchy’ of religious and spiritual expression, which on occasion appeared to result in their being critical of other service users’ expressions. Secondly, some service users preferred to keep their spirituality to themselves as a strategy of empowerment. In addition the study also found that service users viewed the mental health professional relationship as focusing upon medical aspects of their care, for example physical health and medication management, with no scope to explore religion, spirituality and mental distress. Thus questions of legitimacy focused around the notion of privacy and whether talking about religion and spirituality within the mental health service user and social worker relationship was too sensitive, given its association with sectarianism. Furthermore, mental health service users were concerned about how a disclosure of religion and / or spirituality within mental distress would be viewed by the mental health professional: would it be viewed as indicative of deteriorating mental health? Overall the study identified a significant gap between how service users draw upon spirituality and / or religion within mental distress, and the space given to this within mental health social work practice. This gap is due to a myriad of factors ranging from the social worker’s biography, to wider issues around how religion and spirituality are conceptualised in contemporary society. This study also highlights the continuing impact of the Northern Ireland conflict on frontline social work provision. There is a need for policymaking to acknowledge the ambivalence that exists around spirituality and religion in mental health social work practice due to the conflict and other relevant factors. Finally, support is needed for practitioners and service users to acknowledge this aspect of mental well-being in a manner that gives service users choice about its inclusion in their mental health care.
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Redko, Cristina Pozzi. „Fighting against the "evil" : religious and cultural construction of the first psychotic experience of youth living in Sao Paulo, Brazil“. Thesis, McGill University, 2000. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=37817.
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The outbreak of the first psychotic episode disarrays the person's everyday experience and of significant others. This work takes the notion of experience as the key mediating variable to understand how the cultural and social frame affects the experience of psychosis. Culture contributes to the articulation of the experience of psychosis through its influence on individual, family, and community reactions. I focused on the first psychotic experience of low-income youth living in Sao Paulo, Brazil because one can see more clearly the role played by the cultural and social dimensions, since the process of experiencing psychosis is not yet totally settled.I emphasized the basic strategies created by psychotic patients and their families to reorganize their experience of themselves and of the world, and the dynamics and underpinning of these strategies in relation to cultural signifiers. I particularly explored how psychotic patients and their families appropriate, borrow and transform cultural signifiers, and more specifically religious signifiers, in their attempt to cope with psychosis. Religious signifiers are pervasive and diverse in Brazilian culture; furthermore different people may or may not resort to or be affected by religious idioms and signifiers in a similar way. A wide range of variation in the use of religious idioms and signifiers can be expected among patients, at different moments of their life history, and when the experiences of patients and significant others are compared. Religion can have a positive impact over the experience of psychosis, a negative, or even a neutral impact depending on the person and circumstances.
My work also demonstrates that psychotic patients are subjected to a double-process of marginality due to their poor living conditions and to urban violence; and to the fact that their marginality is further accentuated by the psychotic episode. People's reactions also vary and change in relation to the kinds of behaviours manifested by psychotic patients, in addition to the social role of each family member and the family dynamics at play. More generally, people's reactions work in a kind of "feed-back loop," since family reactions modify the subjective world and reactions of patients, while patients' reactions modify family attitudes and behaviours.
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Nilzon, Kjell R. „Childhood depressive disorder social withdrawal, anxiety and familial aspects /“. Göteborg, Sweden : Dept. of Psychology, Göteborg University, 1996. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/35143427.html.
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Nguyen, Ngoc Buu Cat. „Data Mining in Knowledge Management Processes: Developing an Implementing Framework“. Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för informatik, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-149668.
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Analyzing a huge amount of data becomes a tricky challenge and an opportunity for data miners and businessmen today. Knowledge management processes can deal with big knowledge source to find tacit intelligence making businesses more agile and effective. Data mining is a powerful tool working with big data to create capabilities of forecasting and analysis. Yet there is a lack of research on where and how data mining can add value in knowledge management processes in organizations to maximize valuable knowledge for innovation and business management. The knowledge management processes of a psychiatry section in a Swedish hospital was used as a case study for this thesis. Interviews with manager, psychiatrist, auxiliary nurse and data scientists are conducted. Collected data is analyzed to create values of data mining based on a value creation framework through the knowledge management processes of psychiatry section in the hospital. Relying on this process, the limitations and strengths are exposed; whereby, a data mining implementing framework is formulated, and potentials of data mining for the process are suggested to support for all employees of psychiatry section in the hospital in decision making and caring for patients.
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Welch, Mark. „Reel madness : the representation of madness in popular western film“. Thesis, View thesis, 1997. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/705.
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This thesis considers the representation of madness in popular film, in the main from the Western canon and English speaking, and argues that madness is seen and represented as an extreme of human experience, a form of Otherness, which throws into relief notions of ontology, sanity and personal and cultural identity. It progresses from a consideration of the historical representations of madness and sanity in art and literature to a review of the pertinent literature on cinema and representation, and uses seminal examples from throughout cinematic history mostly from English language films, from 1906-1996, to illustrate the argument. Alternative methodological approaches are considered for the insights they may provide, and also for the contribution they make to the development of the thesis, in particular the influence of semiotics. A number of stereotypical portrayals of madness, such as the 'mad scientist', the 'crazed murderer', and the 'doomed heroic outsider' are examined in detail. Finally, the thesis proposes the way madness, and mad people, are represented in popular film is reflective and indicative of social and cultural concerns over what can be known, how identity can be established and what it means to live in the contemporary world fraught with uncertainty, anxiety and change
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Lal, Mira. „Pelvic/perineal dysfunction & biopsychosocial morbidity : biological predictors and psychosocial associations in postcaesarean and vaginally delivered primiparae“. Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2012. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/3729/.
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Background: The scope of postpartum pelvic dysfunction and perineal trauma is under-researched. Instrumental vaginal delivery or 3rd/4th degree tears were recognised risk factors for pelvic/perineal dysfunction; caesarean delivery was not implicated. Aims: • To analyse obstetrical/biological factors associated with pelvic dysfunction after caesarean or non-instrumental vaginal delivery • To compare these associations between groups after determining frequencies • To evaluate severity of pelvic/perineal dysfunction, including quantifying maternal perception of the psychosocial impact Participants and Methods: 284 primiparae (184 caesarean, 100 vaginally delivered) had domiciliary, in-depth medical interviews using structured and open questioning. Results: Caesarean (elective, emergency) vs. vaginally delivered were compared: Stress incontinence manifested in 60/184 (33%, 33%) vs. 54/100 (54%), anal incontinence in 94/184 (53%, 50%) vs. 44/100 (44%), dyspareunia in 50/184 (28%, 27%) vs. 46/100 (46%), haemorrhoids in 3/184 (2%) vs. 5/100 (5%) and double incontinence with dyspareunia in 33/284 (14%, 10% vs. 12%). Sixty sustained perineal trauma. Delivery mode and non-labour factors were predictors. Severity was evaluated by devising a psychosocial measure tailored to maternal functioning. New faecal incontinence necessitated continuous perineal protection in two pre-labour caesarean and one vaginally delivered mother. Severe dysphoria was associated with incontinence (p=0.038, OR 2.334, CI 1.049, 5.192), dyspareunia (p=0.005, OR 2.231, CI 1.272, 3.914) and post-caesarean wound problems (p=0.022, OR 3.620, CI 1.203, 10.896). Incontinence impaired leisure activities (p=0.036, OR 2.165, CI 1.051, 4.463) and employment (p=0.023, OR 1.912, CI 1.093, 3.345); caesarean mode affected social-networking (p=0.018, OR 2.438, CI 1.166, 5.099) and employment (p=0.031, OR 1.967, CI 1.064, 3.636). Conclusions: Pelvic/perineal dysfunction was: ▪ Predicted by caesarean or non-instrumental vaginal delivery, with anal incontinence being more prevalent post-caesarean ▪ Comparable following elective or emergency caesarean ▪ Associated with severe and quantifiable biopsychosocial maternal morbidity.
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Papiau, Danielle. „Psychiatrie, psychanalyse et communisme : essai de sociobiographie des psychiatres communistes (1924 – 1985)“. Thesis, Paris 10, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA100191/document.
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Cette thèse se donne pour objet les relations entre psychiatrie, psychanalyse et communisme durant la période 1934-1985, du Front populaire au déclin du PCF dans les années 1980. Elle étudie cette histoire dans sa relation au courant réformateur de l’ordre psychiatrique institué par la loi sur les aliénés du 30 juin 1838 qui émerge dans le champ médical dans les années trente, jusqu’à la normalisation du sous-champ de la psychiatrie publique à la fin des années 80, courant conforté par l’introduction en France de la psychanalyse. A partir de l’analyse des trajectoires biographiques des psychiatres communistes et de la biographie collective du groupe qu’ils constituent en 1945, il s’agit d’articuler l’analyse compréhensive des raisons d’agir avancées par les acteurs et l’objectivation des positions occupées, tant au plan professionnel qu’au plan politique, dans la perspective d’un engagement partisan rapporté à son insertion dans l’histoire sociale du groupe des psychiatres publics. Articulant sociologie des mobilisations et sociologie des professions, l’étude se centre sur les formes d’hybridation sociale pratique et intellectuelle qui se nouent dans l’action entre pratiques militantes et activité professionnelle vécue comme un engagement.Après avoir mis au jour les dispositions des acteurs et les événements qui créent les prémisses d’une identité de psychiatre communiste, seront étudiées l’action conjointe des mécanismes d’homogénéisation et d’encadrement mis en place par le PCF et les appropriations réalisées par les acteurs, en relation avec les différentes configurations de l’entreprise militante et les reconfigurations de l’espace professionnel. On montre en quoi le capital acquis dans l’espace professionnel est mis au service des objectifs de l’entreprise politique, et en quoi le capital militant est une ressource dans les luttes de reconnaissance de la psychiatrie dans le champ médical. Dans le jeu de ces interactions se construit une identité de psychiatre communiste appelée à se rénover suite à la crise internationale du communisme de 1956 et à l’autonomisation de la psychiatrie qui se réalise en 1968.A la différence d’autres espaces médicaux spécialisés, la nature de l’objet de la psychiatrie, la maladie mentale, met en jeu des conceptions indissociablement médicales et philosophiques quant à la nature de l’individu, à son rapport au monde social et aux normes qui définissent le normal et le pathologique. A ce titre les débats qui traversent la psychiatrie ne sont pas indépendants des controverses philosophiques et du développement des sciences sociales. L’étude s’inscrit donc aussi dans une sociologie historique des intellectuels et dans la problématique du rapport des professions intellectuelles avec le politique. Sont aussi interrogées, les relations entre professions intellectuelles et cadres ouvriers devenus des intellectuels d’institution au sein de l’intellectuel collectif communiste, le lien entre discours savant et discours politique, et les tensions entre définition identitaire et clôture du groupe, et vocation messianique impliquant une ouverture aux évolutions du monde social. En modulant l’image d’un affrontement irréconciliable entre marxisme et psychanalyse, la thèse met au jour un lien fort, fait d’alliances et de concurrences entre le marxisme et la psychanalyse, contre les conceptions biologiques du psychismeThis thesis focuses on the relationship between psychiatry, psychoanalysis and communism during the period 1934-1985, from the Popular Front period to the years of decline of the French Communist Party (FCP) in the 1980s. It investigates this history regarding its relation with the reformist trend in the psychiatric environment organized under the law on the insane dated June 30, 1838 which emerges out of the medical field in the thirties until the normalization of the public psychiatry subfield at the end of the eighties, reinforced by the introduction in France of the psychoanalysis.Based on the analysis of the biographical career of the communist psychiatrists and the collective biography of the group they constitute in 1945, the purpose is to articulate the comprehensive analysis of the cases for action put forward by the actors with the objectification of their held positions, in their career as well as politically, in the context of a political commitment considered in relation with the shared history of the public psychoanalysts group. Articulating the sociology of political mobilizations and the sociology of careers, the investigation focuses on the various kinds of social, practical and intellectual hybridization that are formed in the action between militant practices and professional activity experienced as a political commitmentAfter having brought to light the players’ capacities and the events that create the premises of a communist psychiatrist identity, we will investigate, the joint action of the mechanisms of homogenization and supervision put in place by the FCP and the appropriations realized by the considered psychiatrists, in relation with the different configurations of the activist undertaking and the reconfigurations of the professional field.We show how the know how gained in the professional field is brought at the service of the political undertaking targets and how the acquired militant know how is used as a resource in the struggles for recognition of psychiatry in the medical field. In the course of these interactions, an identity of communist psychiatry is built up and required to be updated after both the international crisis of communism in 1956 and the fact that psychiatry becomes a self- sustaining part of psychiatry in the years near to1968. As opposed to other specialized medical fields, the nature of the object of psychiatry, mental illness, involves profound logical interrelationships, medical and philosophical conceptions as to the nature of the individual, his relation to the society and the norms which segregate the normal from the pathological. In this respect, the debates that go through psychiatry are not independent of the philosophical controversies and the development of the social sciences. This essay is thus part of a historiological sociology of intellectuals including the issue of the relations between the intellectual professions and politics. Are also discussed,the relationsips between intellectual professions and workers' leaders reaching the position of political institution’s intellectuals within the communist collective intellectual, the link between scholarly and political discourses, and the tensions between assertion of identity and the lock of the group and messianic vocation implying to be opened to the social world evolutions. Modulating the image of an irreconcilable confrontation between Marxism and psychoanalysis, the thesis reveals a strong link, made of alliances and competitions between Marxism and psychoanalysis against the biological conceptions of the psyche
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Ammar, Corine Scemama. „Aspects médicaux et sociaux de la population adulte d'un hôpital psychiatrique : enquête épidémiologique“. Montpellier 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988MON11325.
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DANVEL, MARIE-CHRISTINE. „Les consultations de pedo-psychiatrie au c. M. P. Les moulins en 1991 : les aspects sociaux et juridiques“. Nice, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992NICE6009.
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21
Andayani. „Spiritual sensitive social work : a descriptive analysis of working with the dying“. Thesis, McGill University, 2005. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=99159.
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It is generally accepted that spirituality can play an important role in the end stage of the life of a person. Spirituality can provide a source of comfort and guidance and in so doing be a coping strategy. Social workers should take into account this spiritual component of their work particularly with clients who use spirituality as a form of social support. This thesis provides a theoretical understanding of spiritual based practice. It identifies the principles and competencies central to this practice, including the need for worker self awareness. It then illustrates how certain social work students have applied these principles in their practice with dying clients.The author's own identification as an individual from a religiously oriented Muslim country is used to illustrate the importance of understanding and working from the world view of clients. The author concludes that spirituality should not be ignored by social workers in their practice.
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Donoghue, Kathleen J. „Perceived harms and benefits of parental cannabis use, and parents’ reports regarding harm-reduction strategies“. Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2015. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1592.
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This research focussed on families in which at least one parent was a long-term cannabis user; I explored family members’ perceptions of the benefits and harms of cannabis use and the strategies parents used to minimise cannabis-related harm to themselves and their children. In depth, semi-structured interviews were undertaken with 43 individuals from 13 families, producing a series of family case studies that enabled examination of multiple perspectives within each family. In Study 1, I used an interpretive framework guided by Miles and Huberman’s (1994) thematic content analysis technique to analyse interview data, while study 2 yielded detailed descriptive vignettes that examined how the use of cannabis played out in particular families. Cannabis users have been portrayed as stereotypically lazy, unhealthy, deviant, and criminal. However, this was not the case with the current sample, whose lifestyles revolved around employment and family life. Parents claimed to use cannabis in a responsible way that minimised harm to self and family. Few reported personal experiences of harm and most did not believe that their children had been adversely affected by their use of cannabis. Nonetheless, children’s awareness of parental cannabis use, and access to the parent’s cannabis supply, occurred at a younger age than parents suspected. Parents reported harm reduction strategies that targeted five broad areas: (1) Dosage control; (2) Dependency; (3) Acute risk; (4) Long-term harm; and (5) Harm to children. The current study points to common-sense ways of reducing harm, such as being discreet about cannabis use; using less potent strains; prioritising family and work responsibilities; being careful about where cannabis was obtained; not mixing cannabis with tobacco; and limiting any financial outlay. The harm reduction strategies identified in this research might be helpful in the forensic evaluation, safety planning, and treatment of parental cannabis use. The validity of the current findings was enhanced by having independent data on the same topic from each family member’s point of view, including non-using partners and children, and by including both convergent and divergent data.
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Cherni, Sana. „Aspects psychopathologiques et culturels de la maniaco-dépression, en Tunisie : approche projective“. Paris 10, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA100117.
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Le mystère de la maniaco-dépression allie la complexité de la dépression à l’effervescence de la manie qui s’achève sur une période, encore plus troublante ; celle des périodes de rémission dont le statut psychique ne peut être assimilé à la normalité (Jeammet, 1999). Qu’en est-il alors de cette stabilisation provisoire ? Quelles informations peut-elle nous apporter concernant le fonctionnement psychique sous-jacent à la maniaco-dépression ? A l’hôpital RAZI-Manouba, nous avons rencontré 12 patients dont le consentement éclairé nous a permis d’apporter des réponses à la question de l’hétérogénéité dans la maniaco-dépression. Nous avons aussi découvert, au fur et à mesure du dépouillement des projectifs (Rorschach et TAT), la présence d’une dimension paranoïaque, plus ou moins marquée, chez les sujets, sans oublier la coloration culturelle que prend la psychopathologie, dans le contexte tunisien. Dans une perspective psychanalytique, nous interrogeons les différents modèles théoriques afin d’éclairer les processus à l’œuvre dans la mélancolie et dans la manie. L’investigation menée lors de la période de rémission pose la question du fonctionnement limite, de la psychose et de la limite entre les deux entités diagnostiques. En associant la métapsychologie psychanalytique théorique à l’analyse détaillée des outils projectifs, nous tentons de dresser un tableau du fonctionnement psychique sous-jacent à la maniaco-dépression, en TunisieThe mystery of maniaco-depression is tightly associated with the effervescence of habit taking shape throughout an unstable course marked by episodes of remission where one’s psychological state is far from being considered normal (Jeammet, 1999). So, how can we account for such temporary stability? What sort of information can this psychological mecanisme underlying maniac-depression bring to us? At the RAZI hospital in Manouba, our consented meetings with 12 patients allowed us to collect evidence attendant to the question of heterogeneity in maniac-depression. We also found during the analysis of the data some evidence of paranoia variable in degree among the informants. Equally found was evidence for cultural variance of psychopathology in the Tunisian context. The investigation conducted during the remission period questioned the functioning of psychosis and borderline functioning
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Alvarado, Chavarría María Jimena. „Let's Try to Change It: Psychiatric Stigmatization, Consumer/Survivor Activism, and the Link and Phelan Model“. PDXScholar, 2012. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/904.
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Stigma has been described as the most significant obstacle to quality of life for individuals with major psychiatric diagnoses (Sartorious, 1998). Much of the psychological literature on stigma focuses on individual attributes and interactions at the micro level, rather than macro level dynamics. In critiquing this traditional focus, Link and Phelan (2001) present a model in which stigma ensues when labeling, stereotyping, separation, status loss, and discrimination co-occur in a situation of power imbalance. Even as the model fills a gap in conceptualizing stigma, its emphasis on power is unidirectional and fails to account for power as a form of resistance to stigmatization. This study explores the question of how a consumer/survivor activist perspective can inform the Link and Phelan model of stigma. A semi-structured interview methodology was used to gather qualitative data on the perspectives of 10 activists who are both the targets of stigma and active change agents in resisting stigma. The content of the interviews was thematically analyzed based on an iterative coding approach in order to identify the points of overlap with and divergence from the Link and Phelan model. The results of the study support the applicability of the model for psychiatric stigma. The participants' experiences illustrate which aspects of stigmatization take precedence in this context, indicating significant points for intervention. The anti-stigma work discussed by the participants illustrates the power of grassroots resistance, expanding the understanding of power presented in the model. Emergent discursive themes include the importance of similarity, the rejection of negative portrayals of mental illness, and a focus on a shared continuum of human experience. Participants' emphasis on the importance of having their voices silenced was a particularly recurring motif. Several respondents challenge the premises of the Link and Phelan model. These participants emphasize the positive aspects of diagnosis and labeling, while several other participants reject the choice of the term stigma because it may obscure the structural aspects of discrimination. These findings can serve as a guideline for designing future interventions, and focusing on strategies for social change.
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Velpry, Livia. „L'expérience sociale de la maladie mentale : être un patient à long terme en psychiatrie de secteur“. Paris 5, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA05H016.
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Approcher l'expérience sociale de la maladie mentale en France comporte un triple enjeu : analyser les pratiques professionnelles en psychiatrie de secteur ; saisir les façons d'être patient en psychiatrie ; montrer que ces deux aspects, souvent abordés séparément, forment un tout dans lequel cette expérience sociale prend sens. (. . . )A study of the social experience of mental illness in France calls for a threefold analysis : to study professional practices in community psychiatry; to examine anthropologically how one is a patient; to show that these two aspects, which are too often taken separately, constitute a whole that has to be studied as such in order to make sense of this social experience. (. . . )
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Darragh, Alison. „Prison or palace? Haven or hell? : an architectural and social study of the development of public lunatic asylums in Scotland, 1781-1930“. Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/1715.
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In 1897 John Sibbald, Commissioner in Lunacy for Scotland, stated that ‘the construction of an asylum is a more interesting subject of study for the general reader than might be supposed.’ This thesis traces the development of the public asylum in Scotland from 1781 to 1930. By placing the institution in its wider social context it provides more than a historical account, exploring how the buildings functioned as well as giving an architectural analysis based on date, plan and style. Here the architecture represents more, and provides a physical expression of successive stages of public philanthropy and legislative changes during what was arguably one of the most rapidly evolving stages of history. At a time when few medical treatments were available, public asylum buildings created truly therapeutic environments, which allowed the mentally ill to live in relative peace and security. The thesis explores how public asylums in Scotland introduced the segregation or ‘classification’ of patients into separate needs-based groups under a system known as Moral Treatment. It focuses particularly on the evolving plan forms of these institutions from the earliest radial, prison-like structures to their development into self-sustaining village-style colonies and shows how the plan reflects new attitudes to treatment. While many have disappeared, the surviving Victorian and Edwardian mega-structures lie as haunting reminders of a largely forgotten era in Scottish psychiatry. Only a few of the original buildings are still in use today as specialist units, out-patient centres, and administrative offices for Scotland’s Health Boards. Others have been redeveloped as universities or luxury housing schemes, making use of the good-quality buildings and landscaping. Whatever their current use, public asylums stand today as an outward sign of the awakening of the Scottish people to the plight of the mentally ill in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries.
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Silva, Leandro Andrade da. „As representações sociais de profissionais de saúde acerca do paciente psiquiátrico: aspectos descritivos e de zona muda“. Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2011. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=2532.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível SuperiorA presença de pacientes crônicos em instituições psiquiátricas tem se constituído como um desafio humano, político e programático para esta área assistencial. Frente a isto, definiu-se como objetivo geral deste estudo analisar a reconstrução sócio-cognitiva do profissional de saúde mental acerca do paciente psiquiátrico crônico, contextualizando com a sua permanência institucional e o processo assistencial. Como objetivos específicos, descrever os conteúdos e a estrutura das representações sociais do paciente psiquiátrico crônico para os profissionais; identificar a existência de conteúdos implícitos nas formações discursivas dos profissionais de saúde referentes ao paciente crônico institucionalizado; e analisar a perspectiva assistencial implementada na atenção a esses indivíduos no contexto institucional a partir das representações sociais do paciente crônico. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, desenvolvida com o aporte teórico-metodológico da Teoria das Representações Sociais em sua abordagem estrutural, em dois hospitais colônias localizados na cidade do Rio de Janeiro. Os dados foram coletados através de evocações livres em dois momentos. No primeiro, com 159 profissionais e no segundo utilizou-se a técnica de substituição com 151 profissionais. Os dados gerados foram analisados pelo software EVOC 2003 e organizados pelo quadro de quatro casas. Utilizou-se, ainda, a análise de similitude. Quanto à representação do paciente psiquiátrico, a mesma foi organizada ao redor das dimensões assistencial-institucional (cuidado), imagética (louco) e afetividade positiva (atenção), que se desdobram nos demais quadrantes, com destaque para a primeira e a segunda. A análise de similitude revelou que o léxico cuidado, obteve o maior número de ligações. Quanto à representação do paciente crônico em contexto normativo, a dimensão assistencial-institucional mostrou-se fortemente presente (cuidado, paciência e dependente), seguida da imagética (abandonado) e da de necessidade (carência). No entanto, na análise de similitude, a afetividade positiva (amor) mostra-se central com maior número de ligações de léxicos. Em contextos contra-normativos, a representação revelou-se negativa (louco, não e medo). A análise de similitude demonstrou uma representação estruturada através de uma imagem e de uma afetividade negativas. Conclui-se que os avanços na área de saúde mental, nos últimos 30 anos, não foram capazes de realizar mudanças representacionais sob fenômenos que ancoram em imagens produzidas desde os primórdios da humanidade. Ressalta-se a possível existência de uma zona muda acerca do paciente psiquiátrico crônico.
The presence of chronic patients in psychiatric institutions has been constituted as a human challenge, policy and programmatic assistance to this area. Thus, it has set itself the aim of this study to analyze the socio-cognitive reconstruction of the mental health professional about the chronic psychiatric patients, and contextualizes his stay with the process and institutional care. As specific objectives, describing the contents and structure of social representations of chronic psychiatric patients to professionals, to identify the existence of implicit contents in the discursive formations of health professionals concerning the institutionalized chronic patients and to analyze the perspective implemented in primary care to these individuals from the institutional context of social representations of chronic patients. This is a qualitative research with theoretical and methodological framework of Social Representation Theory in its structural approach, colonies in two hospitals located in the city of Rio de Janeiro. Data were collected through free evocations on two occasions. In the first, with 159 professionals and the second used the replacement technique with 151 professionals. The data was analyzed by the software EVOC 2003 and organized by the table of four houses. We used also the analysis of similarity. Regarding the representation of psychiatric patients, it was organized around the dimensions of institutional care (care), imagery (mad) and positive affectivity (attention), which unfold in the other quadrants, especially the first and second. The analysis revealed that the lexical similarity care, had the highest number of links. Regarding the representation of the chronic patient in legal context, scale and institutional care was strongly present (care, patience and dependent), followed by imagery (left) and of necessity (lack). However, analysis of similarity, positive affectivity (Love) proves to be central to a larger number of lexical links. In counter-normative contexts, the representation was negative (mad, and not fear). The analysis of similarity showed a structured representation through an image and a negative affectivity. It is concluded that advances in mental health for the past 30 years have not been able to make changes in representational phenomena that anchor in images produced since the dawn of humanity. We highlight the possible existence of a zone change on the chronic psychiatric patient.
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Guers-Guilhot, Joe͏̈lle. „Alternatives en psychiatrie : de l'histoire à l'évaluation : six "secteurs" dans la Loire“. Lyon 3, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992LYO33005.
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La premiere partie situe le probleme des alternatives en psychiatrie dans son contexte historique en france et son contexte sociologique = enjeux de pouvoir qui concernent les medecins, les organismes payeurs l'institution hospitaliere. Elle comporte egalement une revue de la litterature internationale dans le domaine de l'evaluation cout-resultat en psychiatrie la deuxieme partie est consacree aux problematiques et techniques evaluatives et passe en revue les problemes generaux concernant l'evaluation en medecine, et les difficultes inherentes a l'evaluation en psychiatrie. Elle developpe ensuite un metamodele evaluatif qui propose de revenir a une etude analytique des couts, a une vision elargie de l'etude des couts et une nouvelle conceptualisation de leur analyse. Enfin elle propose une application partielle de cette methodologie et fournit des resultats essentiellement destinee a demontrer la faisabilite de cette approche.
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Heimbigner, Rachel Michelle. „A study of the predisposing factors for depression in in-center chronic hemodialysis patients“. CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1997. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1310.
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30
Alberts, Terri Lynn. „Chronic fatigue and immune dysfunction syndrome: its relationship to underlying emotional and psychological issues“. CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1997. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1181.
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This post-positivist research study explored the possible relationship between Chronic Fatigue and Immune Dysfunction Syndrome (CFIDS) and the presence of underlying psychological and emotional issues. An exploratory design with naturalistic methods of inquiry was utilized to investigate whether the presence, or absence, of these issues had any impact on the overall disease process.
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Grard, Julien. „Frontières invisibles : l'expérience de personnes prises en charge au long cours par la psychiatrie publique en France“. Paris, EHESS, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011EHES0466.
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S'appuyant sur une ethnographie d'environ quatre ans, affetcuée au sein d'un GEM (Groupe d'Entraide Mutuelle) d'une grande ville française, l'enquête présentée ici interroge la construction sociale et institutionnelle de l'expérience et des subjectivités de personnes souffrant de troubles psychiques. Objets de savoir, celles-ci sont "étudiées" par de nombreuses disciplines. Mais c'est généralement la maladie qui est l'objet des recherches. Objets de pouvoir, elles sont ou ont été prises en charge par de nombreuses institutions: travail social, psychiatrie, protection des majeurs pour certains. Grâce à un terrain de longue durée, au plus près de l'ordinaire et dans un lieu non médicalisé, j'aborde leurs parcours en partant de ce qui importe pour eux. Renversant la perspective, j'approche les "usagers", "malades" ou "patients" comme des personnes, et envisage la question de l'expérience de la maladie en la replaçant dans le contexte des parcours de vie et des autres expériences sociales, et dans la tension entre contraintes structurelles et agentivité. En questionnant les relations dialectiques entre ces expériences, les technologies et dispositifs institutionnels ainsi que les réseaux sémiotiques, politiques et moraux dans lesquels elles s'inscrivent, je montre comment les différents statuts sociaux interagissent, et comment le vécu de la maladie est à la fois multiple chez un même sujet, et variable selon les parcours biographiques dans lesquels elle s'inscrit. Peu à peu se dévoile, dans l'ordinaire des pratiques et discours quotidiens, des manières d'être à soi, aux autres et au monde, le modelage social, moral et institutionnel des subjectivitésBased on a 4-year ethnography conducted in a GEM ("Groupe d'Entraide Mutuelle", i. E. Mutual help group) located in a major French city, this investigation focuses on the institutional and social construction of experiences and subjectivities of people suffering from mental illness. As "objects" of knowledge, they are being studied by a wide range of sciences. But in many case, even amongsocial sciences, those researches focus on the disease itself and address the person as a patient, despite the will of their authors to depict lived experiences. As "objects" of power, they are or have been supported by various institutions such as social work, psychiatry or strength case management. Relying on a long lasting fieldwork, close to the ordinary, within non-medical settings - and from there, following people in their daily wanderings -, I focus on their experiences, taking what matters to them as a starting point. Reversing the stand point, I approach those who are usually labelled and defined as "users", "patients", "lunatics" or "consumers" as persons. Their experience of illness is set in the context of their life trajectories and of their other social experiences, examining the tension between structural constraints and agency. By questioning the dialectic relations between those experiences, institutional technologies, as well as moral, political and semantic networks which surround them, I show how social statuses interact and contribute to shape person's daily lives and experiences. Little by little, studying everyday practices and discourses, and observing ways of being-in-the-world, I unravel the social, moral and institutional shaping of subjectivities
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Heitz, Andrea DuRant. „Reducing depression in homeless parents: The effectiveness of short-term shelters“. CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1999. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1645.
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Silveira, Anne Lise Sandoval Scappaticci [UNIFESP]. „Contextos de vida e as vivências da maternidade de adolescentes em situação de rua. Aspectos sociais e psicológicos“. Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2006. http://repositorio.unifesp.br/handle/11600/9259.
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Previous issue date: 2006-01-01Nas últimas décadas, muito tem sido pesquisado acerca da gravidez na adolescência e a respeito de populações de rua; entretanto, pouco foi publicado no referente à jovem mãe em situação de rua. Este estudo possui o intuito de preencher esta lacuna. Com a finalidade de investigar os contextos de vida e as vivências de maternidade em adolescentes em situação de rua, foram entrevistadas vinte e uma adolescentes residentes em oito domicílios transitórios na cidade de São Paulo. Utilizando uma abordagem qualitativa, especificamente a Grounded Theory, realizou-se uma análise descritiva dos principais conteúdos das entrevistas enquanto num segundo momento, foi feita uma leitura psicanalítica. Os principais temas se desenvolveram em torno dos seguintes eixos: trajetória, vida familiar, vida de rua, sexualidade, gravidez, presença do parceiro, maternidade, maternidade no abrigo, vivências da maternidade. Os dados levantados por este estudo trazem à tona algumas hipóteses. A maior parte das adolescentes cresceu em contextos de pobreza chefiados pela mãe. A vida familiar foi marcada por instabilidade; muitas mudanças casuais de domicílio, geralmente regidas por conflitos nos relacionamentos, abandono, não ter onde/com quem ficar e, ainda, por um estilo de vida familiar nômade. Apesar de retratado com rejeição e conflito, o relacionamento com a mãe foi, em geral, referência enquanto a relação com o pai foi hostil ou ausente. A rua foi retratada como um lugar onde ‘tudo’ é possível, drogas e sexo são utilizados sem muito cuidado, mas que, com a aproximação do nascimento do bebê, vai se tornando inviável. Grande parte dos relacionamentos com o parceiro foram ocasionais e por pouco tempo. A maior parte das jovens recebeu a notícia da gravidez com surpresa e rejeição. O abrigo, apesar de visto com ambivalência, vai se constituindo como um lugar que as acolhe, tornando possível a vivência da maternidade. A hipótese da maternidade na adolescente em situação de rua como um fato positivo e paulatinamente construído com a função de dar sentido a uma existência cujos vínculos significativos foram pobremente investidos. O investimento necessário para que seja possível a construção de um vínculo com a própria adolescente e da mesma com o bebê é fundamental e necessita de tempo.
In recent decades there has been a great deal of research regarding adolescent pregnancy and the homeless population, however, little has been published concerning young homeless mothers. This study is intended to close this gap. In order to investigate the living context and experience of motherhood in homeless adolescents, 21 teens residing in eight shelters in the city of São Paulo were interviewed. Using a qualitative approach based on Grounded Theory, a descriptive analysis of the main interview contents was carried out, followed by a psychoanalytic reading of this same material. The main themes came out on the following axes: direction, family life, life on the street, sexuality, pregnancy, presence of a partner, maternity, maternity in the shelter, experiences with maternity. The information brought out by this study yields some hypotheses. Most of the teens grew up in home contexts of poverty headed by their mother. Family life was marked by instability; many offhand changes in residence, generally sparked by relational conflicts; neglect; having nowhere to stay and no one to stay with; and by a nomadic family lifestyle. Although marked by rejection and conflict, the maternal relationship is generally referential while the paternal relationship is either hostile or absent. The street is described as a place where anything goes, marked by careless use of drugs and sex, but this becomes unworkable with the approach of the birth of the baby. Most partner relationships are casual and short-term. Teens characteristically receive news of their pregnancy with surprise and rejection. Despite being seen with ambivalence, the shelter becomes a place of refuge that makes the experience of motherhood possible. Homeless teen maternity can be viewed as a positive fact gradually evolving in order to give meaning to an existence where significant bonds are poorly developed. As a result, creating bonds with the adolescent herself and giving her time to construct a relationship with her baby are fundamental.
TEDE
BV UNIFESP: Teses e dissertações
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Tiedens, Alyssa Catherine. „Social Support and Depression Symptomatology Post Injury in Division 1 Athletes“. PDXScholar, 2016. http://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/3126.
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The way in which an athlete responds to the injury--emotionally, behaviorally, and cognitively--can significantly affect the athlete's mental health in a negative way if not handled appropriately. There are different forms of social support that are known to be helpful with coping during specific stages of injury. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between perceived levels of social support and depression symptomatology post injury in Division 1 collegiate athletes at Portland State University (PSU).
Participants were PSU student athletes (n=115). Variables: social support amount (SSQN), social support satisfaction (SSQS), and depression symptomatology (CESD-R) score. Selected injured participants (n=3) completed a 20-minute interview regarding their injury, their social support, and how each affected their mental health.
Females reported more social support sources (SSQN) as well as a higher satisfaction of their social support (SSQS) than males. Non-injured student athletes appeared to have fewer social support sources as well as less social support satisfaction than injured student athletes. Of the total study sample, 27.8 percent met the criteria for some kind of depressive symptom concern.
The study confirmed gender characteristics regarding help-seeking behavior, trends of depression symptomatology, and social support preferences. Overall the current study's findings indicate a need for further research regarding social support and depression symptomatology, examining injured and non-injured student athletes.
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Sicot, François. „Maladie mentale et pauvreté : le rôle de la pauvreté dans la construction sociale de la maladie mentale“. Besançon, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995BESA1045.
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L'objectif initial de cette thèse était de comprendre les relations de la maladie mentale et de la pauvreté. L'enjeu théorique fut d'élaborer une conception non déterministe de l'action qui, pour autant, tienne compte de l'objectivité du social. La partie empirique de la recherche a consisté à décrire et analyser une activité sociale (l'orientation des pauvres vers la psychiatrie) sans se limiter aux interactions, mais sans non plus réduire les mobiles des acteurs à un + inconscient pratique ;. Au terme de la recherche, nous avons démontré que la maladie mentale n'est pas un état ou une entité naturelle mais l'objectivation de rapports sociaux. La norme médicale est coproduite dans des négociations, des argumentations, des interactions entre des acteurs mobilises par des intérêts et des logiques qui peuvent être contradictoires. La situation sociale de pauvreté représente un contexte du déroulement des processus sociaux à travers lesquels se construit la maladie mentale. La maladie mentale est le sens donne à certaines formes de déviance. I dans la partie théorique de la thèse, nous avons montré la pertinence limitée des deux problématiques sociologiques inspirées des préoccupations des professionnels : - la recherche de relations causales entre les deux phénomènes (est-ce la pauvreté qui rend malade ou l'inverse ?) - l'analyse de l'orientation des pauvres vers les soins de santé mentale en termes d'obstacles à l'accès aux soins. La partie empirique de la démonstration révèle des parcours d'orientation privilégiés, pour ne pas dire des filières de soins, une hiérarchie des institutions, la surreprésentation de ' personnes les plus désocialisées dans une institution de soins du département (le chs/ i dont l'image est dégradée, le caractère contingent de catégories telles que maladie ou 1 pauvreté, l'inégalité des ressources dont disposent les acteurs pour échapper aux contraintes sociales et exercer leur liberté.
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Velasco, Enid Aida. „Discrepancies in social workers' self-perception in theoretical and treatment approaches to depressed late middle-age women“. CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1997. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1325.
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Afana, Margaret Cecilia. „The most appropriate educational placement for seriously emotionally disturbed children in residential care“. CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1997. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1191.
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This research project utilized a post-positivist design for the purpose of exploring and determining the most appropriate educational placement for seriously emotionally disturbed children who reside in residential care and who are considered to be "high risk," both educationally and socially. It was the goal of the study, through qualitative research, to establish a basis for the successful education and social integration of SED children.
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Slabbert, Meggan. „Three's a crowd: the process of triadic translation in a South African psychiatric institution“. Thesis, Rhodes University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002565.
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Mental health care in South Africa has long been governed by inequalities (Foster & Swartz, 1997). During apartheid, those who did not speak English and Afrikaans could not access mental health services in the same way as those who did (Foster & Swartz, 1997). One main reason for this is the majority of mental health practitioners could not, and were not required to speak languages other than English and Afrikaans (Swartz, 1991). The South African mental health literature suggests that language and communication must be prioritised if there is to be an improvement in mental health care services for those individuals who do not speak English and Afrikaans (Bantjes, 1999; Drennan & Swartz, 1999; Swartz & Drennan, 2000; Swartz & MacGregor, 2002). Drawing on Prasad's (2002) interpretation of Gadamer's critical hermeneutic theory and utilising thematic networks analysis (Attride-Stirling, 2001), this study investigated the process of translated clinical assessment interviews within a psychiatric hospital in the Eastern Cape Province within South Africa. Results of the study revealed that contextual factors, issues concerning linguistic and cultural heritage, clinicians' role expectations regarding translators' role performance, as well as relational dynamics regarding individual levels of control and influence within the translation triad, all impacted on the effectiveness of communication, translation and service provision. These fmdings are supported by literature on the theory and practice of translation that identifies these issues as prominent (Robinson, 2003). Specific recommendations regarding the formalisation of translation practices within the hospital setting, as well as the familiari~ation of clinical practitioners and psychiatric nurses with the intricacies of translation processes are offered.
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Fauvel, Aude. „Témoins aliénés et "Bastilles modernes" : une histoire politique, sociale et culturelle des asiles en France (1800-1914)“. Paris, EHESS, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005EHES0112.
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Cette thèse analyse les rapports entre la société française et ses fous au XIXème siècle et remet en cause l'image de "l'ordre psychiatrique". Une première partie consiste en une relecture des prémices de la médecine mentale. Elle dévoile que dès le début les aliénistes affrontent de violentes critiques. A la fin du Second Empire, le désir de détruire les "Bastilles modernes" (les asiles) devient même un cheval de bataille de l'opposition républicaine. La Troisième République voit donc l'épanouissement de la culture anti-aliéniste et ouvre une ère de crise pour la médecine mentale. Ce point fait l'objet de la seconde partie où l'on découvre notamment comment l'anti-aliénisme a pesé de façon concrète sur l'évolution de la prise en charge des aliénés et sur la discipline psychiatrique. Une troisième et dernière partie est consacrée aux fous, à la façon dont ils ont pu influencer le cours de leur histoire par le biais de témoignages écrits ou d'actions collectives comme des révoltesThis thesis analyzes the relationships between the French society and the mentally ill during the nineteenth century. It questions the image of a "psychiatric order". The first part consists of a re-reading of the beginings of psychiatry. It unmasks the fact that the alienists were confronted by violent critics from the begining. These critics intensified in the 1860's : the problem of the destruction of the "modern Bastilles" (asylums) became the battle cry of the republican opposition. Thus the Third Republic opened an era of crisis for mental health. The study of this crisis forms the second part of this thesis. We discover how the anti-alienist movement modified representations of madness, how it weighed on the evolution of the care of the mentally ill and on the psychiatric discipline. The third part deals with the mentally ill and focuses on the way in which patients influenced their own course of history, based on written testimonies or collective actions such as revolts
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Gouriou, Fabien. „Psychopathologie et migration : repérage historique et épistémologique dans le contexte français“. Phd thesis, Université Rennes 2, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00288084.
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L'objectif de la thèse est de proposer un repérage historique et épistémologique des rapports de la psychopathologie à la migration dans le contexte français. La confrontation de ces deux termes suggère que le phénomène « migration » constitue bien un objet de pensée pour la psychopathologie, et que les contours d'un domaine de recherche peuvent ainsi être tracés. Loin de prétendre à l'exhaustivité, cette dissertation veille alors à dégager quelques paradigmes significatifs puis à rendre compte de leurs logiques internes, c'est-à- dire expliciter leurs conditions de formalisation, de mise en impasse et de confrontation réciproque. Sont ainsi traités successivement, mais sans céder à l'illusion d'une histoire linéaire et cumulative, cinq paradigmes : la psychiatrie coloniale ; la sélection des immigrants ; la psychopathologie de la migration ; les perturbations dans l'ethnopsy ; les cliniques de l'exil. Le présent travail ne vise pas à la démonstration d'une thèse positive et se contente plus modestement de soutenir la pertinence d'un trajet borné par l'histoire et l'épistémologie, afin de montrer comment la migration contraint les cliniciens à un déplacement du regard et des savoirs. Une question foncièrement irrésolue ne cesse néanmoins de parcourir ces pages : comment penser le migrant comme non-identique à lui-même ?
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Carvalho, Maria Cristina Guapindaia. „A experiência do cuidar: o (des) amparo do cuidador familiar“. Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2010. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/12601.
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This study aims to characterize the family caregivers of dependent elder people, and to identify the presence of stress, strain and / or minor psychiatric symptoms in these individuals. Additionally, the study examines the relationship between stress and mental distress with social-demographic factors related to the caring activity. This is a cross-sectional and prospective study conducted from July to December 2009, which evaluated 69 caregivers of dependent elder people treated at the Clinic of Geriatrics, Hospital do Servidor Publico Municipal (Municipal Hospital of Civil Servants). By means of structured interview, we applied a questionnaire to characterize the caregivers and the patients, the Zarit stress scale, the SRQ-20 mental distress scale and the Hamilton-21 Depression Scale. The results showed that the investigated caregivers, during the research, were in average 58.72 years old, with 89.86% of them being women, 52.17% being daughters and 36.23% being wives. They were taking care of the patient for 4 years and six months, in average. It was found that 85% of them haven t any social support and 75.36% of them did not receive any help whatsoever from other family members. Regarding to the level of stress, 44.93% of the caregivers presented a moderated level and 34.78% presented levels varying from moderate to severe. Regarding the presence of minor psychiatric symptoms, 68.12% presented mental disorders and all of them were classified as bearers of mild depression, in the Hamilton-21 scale. Regarding to the use of drugs, 34.78% reported the use of antidepressants and 7.25% reported the use of anxiolytics. Regarding to the variables associated to stress, it was found that the dependence of the patient, his/her persistent behavior and the use of antidepressants by the caregiver increased the estimation of stress. It also was found that when the prior relationship between caregiver and the dependent elder person was considered as good, the stress levels were lower, and if the previous relationship was considered poor, the stress increased. With respect to mental suffering, when the dependency factor was perceived as a major disturbance, the chances of presentation of minor psychiatric symptoms by the caregiver were nine times higher. The data show the great demand in the caring activities, the overhead inherent to this task and the stress that it can cause, with consequences for the mental health of the caregiver and the quality of care provided
Este estudo tem como objetivo caracterizar os cuidadores familiares de idosos com dependência, bem como identificar a presença de estresse, sobrecarga e/ou sintomas psiquiátricos menores nesses indivíduos. Além disso, analisa-se a relação do estresse e do sofrimento mental com variáveis sociodemográficas e fatores relacionados à tarefa de cuidar. Trata-se de um estudo transversal e prospectivo, realizado no período de julho a dezembro de 2009, sendo avaliados 69 cuidadores de idosos dependentes atendidos na Clínica de Geriatria do Hospital do Servidor Público Municipal. Por meio de uma entrevista estruturada, aplicou-se um questionário de caracterização do cuidador e do paciente, a escala de estresse de Zarit, a escala SRQ-20 de sofrimento mental e a escala de depressão Hamilton-21. Os resultados evidenciaram que os cuidadores investigados, quando da realização da pesquisa, tinham em média 58,72 anos de idade, sendo 89,86% mulheres, 52,17% filhas e 36,23% esposas. Cuidavam do familiar em média há 4 anos e seis meses. Verificou-se que 85% não contavam com nenhum suporte social e 75,36% não recebiam nenhuma ajuda dos outros familiares. Em relação ao nível de estresse, 44,93% dos cuidadores apresentaram níveis moderados e 34,78%, níveis de moderado a severo. No que diz respeito à presença de sintomas psiquiátricos menores, 68,12% apresentaram sofrimento mental e todos pontuaram como depressão leve na escala Hamilton-21. Sobre a utilização de medicamentos, 34,78% relataram usar antidepressivos e 7,25%, ansiolíticos. Quanto às variáveis associadas ao estresse, constatou-se que a dependência do paciente, seu comportamento perseverativo e o uso de antidepressivos pelo cuidador aumentavam a estimativa de estresse. Também se verificou que, quando a relação prévia entre cuidador e idoso dependente era considerada boa, o nível de estresse se mostrava menor, e, se a relação prévia era considerada ruim, o estresse aumentava. Com relação ao sofrimento mental, quando o fator dependência era entendido como incômodo maior, a chance de o cuidador apresentar sintomas psiquiátricos menores era nove vezes maior. Os dados mostram a grande demanda na atividade de cuidar, a sobrecarga inerente a essa tarefa e o estresse que acarreta, com consequências para a saúde mental do cuidador e a qualidade do cuidado prestado
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Pelletier-De, Rico Sarah, und Rico Sarah Pelletier-De. „"Porte tournante" à l'urgence et usagers fréquents rencontrant des problèmes de santé mentale : la perspective des proches“. Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/38150.
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Le phénomène de la « porte tournante » dans les services d’urgence préoccupe nombre de gestionnaires et le grand public, mais surtout les usagers et leur famille. Plusieurs études s’attardent à décrire les caractéristiques de ces usagers qui consultent fréquemment dans les urgences. Étant donné que la santé mentale en est un enjeu important, ce mémoire s’intéresse aux usagers fréquents des urgences présentant des problèmes de santé mentale et donne la parole aux proches de ceux-ci. Cette étude exploratoire vise à répondre aux deux questions suivantes : quelles sont les vulnérabilités psychosociales des usagers fréquents des urgences selon leurs proches et quel regard ces derniers posent-ils sur cette situation. Afin de répondre à ces questions, huit entretiens semi-dirigés ont été réalisés auprès de proches d’usagers fréquents présentant des troubles de santé mentale de la région de Québec. Les vulnérabilités psychosociales des usagers dont nous ont parlé les proches concernent principalement des difficultés socioéconomiques, l’isolement social, ainsi qu’une santé précaire. Des patterns de consultation similaires permettent de mettre en lumière trois cas de figure chez les usagers examinés dans le cadre de cette recherche : les personnes âgées qui consultent pour des conditions liées au vieillissement ; les usagers qui se présentent pour des épisodes de crise en lien avec leurs troubles de santé mentale ; les individus qui fréquentent l’urgence pour des malaises physiques divers. Quant au regard des proches, les résultats concernent diverses difficultés rencontrées à naviguer dans le système de santé. Les proches interrogés se disent préoccupés par la situation des usagers et ont à coeur de s’impliquer, acceptant souvent de pallier le manque de services et de ressources. Ce mémoire vient appuyer le fait que les usagers fréquents ne peuvent être considérés comme une population homogène et qu’il est nécessaire de leur offrir des soins et services qui répondent à leurs besoins spécifiques ainsi qu'à ceux de leurs proches.Le phénomène de la « porte tournante » dans les services d’urgence préoccupe nombre de gestionnaires et le grand public, mais surtout les usagers et leur famille. Plusieurs études s’attardent à décrire les caractéristiques de ces usagers qui consultent fréquemment dans les urgences. Étant donné que la santé mentale en est un enjeu important, ce mémoire s’intéresse aux usagers fréquents des urgences présentant des problèmes de santé mentale et donne la parole aux proches de ceux-ci. Cette étude exploratoire vise à répondre aux deux questions suivantes : quelles sont les vulnérabilités psychosociales des usagers fréquents des urgences selon leurs proches et quel regard ces derniers posent-ils sur cette situation. Afin de répondre à ces questions, huit entretiens semi-dirigés ont été réalisés auprès de proches d’usagers fréquents présentant des troubles de santé mentale de la région de Québec. Les vulnérabilités psychosociales des usagers dont nous ont parlé les proches concernent principalement des difficultés socioéconomiques, l’isolement social, ainsi qu’une santé précaire. Des patterns de consultation similaires permettent de mettre en lumière trois cas de figure chez les usagers examinés dans le cadre de cette recherche : les personnes âgées qui consultent pour des conditions liées au vieillissement ; les usagers qui se présentent pour des épisodes de crise en lien avec leurs troubles de santé mentale ; les individus qui fréquentent l’urgence pour des malaises physiques divers. Quant au regard des proches, les résultats concernent diverses difficultés rencontrées à naviguer dans le système de santé. Les proches interrogés se disent préoccupés par la situation des usagers et ont à coeur de s’impliquer, acceptant souvent de pallier le manque de services et de ressources. Ce mémoire vient appuyer le fait que les usagers fréquents ne peuvent être considérés comme une population homogène et qu’il est nécessaire de leur offrir des soins et services qui répondent à leurs besoins spécifiques ainsi qu'à ceux de leurs proches.
The "revolving door" phenomenon in emergency departments (ED) is preoccupying for many managers and the general public but especially for users themselves and their families. A number of studies have described the characteristics of these frequent users. Knowing that mental health is an important issue for many of them, this research takes a look at frequent users living with mental health issues and gives a voice to their families. This exploratory study seeks to answer two questions: what are the psychosocial vulnerabilities of ED’s frequent users according to their families and what are these families' perspectives on this subject. To answer these questions, eight semi-structured interviews were conducted with family members of frequent users living with mental health issues. Psychosocial vulnerabilities mentioned by family members were mainly regarding socio-economic difficulties, social isolation as well as precarious health. Three main patterns were also highlighted among the users examined in this research: elderly people visiting ED for motives due to aging; users consulting for crises related to their mental health troubles and people visiting the ED for a variety of physical complaints. Concerning the perspective of family members, results mainly show a variety of difficulties encountered trying to navigate through the health care system. Family members expressed being concerned with the users' situations and their willingness to help the users especially in a context of a lack of services and resources. This research supports the idea that frequent users should not be considered a homogeneous group and that it is necessary to offer them and their caregivers services adapted to their specific needs.
The "revolving door" phenomenon in emergency departments (ED) is preoccupying for many managers and the general public but especially for users themselves and their families. A number of studies have described the characteristics of these frequent users. Knowing that mental health is an important issue for many of them, this research takes a look at frequent users living with mental health issues and gives a voice to their families. This exploratory study seeks to answer two questions: what are the psychosocial vulnerabilities of ED’s frequent users according to their families and what are these families' perspectives on this subject. To answer these questions, eight semi-structured interviews were conducted with family members of frequent users living with mental health issues. Psychosocial vulnerabilities mentioned by family members were mainly regarding socio-economic difficulties, social isolation as well as precarious health. Three main patterns were also highlighted among the users examined in this research: elderly people visiting ED for motives due to aging; users consulting for crises related to their mental health troubles and people visiting the ED for a variety of physical complaints. Concerning the perspective of family members, results mainly show a variety of difficulties encountered trying to navigate through the health care system. Family members expressed being concerned with the users' situations and their willingness to help the users especially in a context of a lack of services and resources. This research supports the idea that frequent users should not be considered a homogeneous group and that it is necessary to offer them and their caregivers services adapted to their specific needs.
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Palombini, Analice de Lima. „Vertigens de uma psicanálise a céu aberto : a cidade : contribuições do acompanhamento terapêutico à clínica na reforma psiquiátrica“. Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2007. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=6721.
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A pesquisa, interessada em precisar as ferramentas conceituais que possibilitam operar a clínica no campo da reforma psiquiátrica quando a cidade invade o setting do tratamento e vem colocar a clínica em questão tem como ponto de partida o percurso de uma experiência desenvolvida nos últimos dez anos junto à Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, em parceria com serviços de saúde mental da rede pública, tendo a atividade do acompanhamento terapêutico como vetor. Clínica e cidade foram os fios condutores desta investigação, que recorre inicialmente a leituras diversas, da história, geografia, ciências sociais, literatura, filosofia, para acompanhar desde a formação das cidades medievais até o advento das metrópoles contemporâneas. O nascimento do alienismo é inscrito nesse contexto, no momento de instauração das sociedades democráticas modernas, cuja ambição pelo governo das lamas engendra o ideal isolacionista que o asilo psiquiátrico veio presentificar, de forma que a psiquiatria e suas congêneres, nascidas na cidade, dela vêm se apartar, o que se coloca
como paradoxo presente nos processos de reforma psiquiátrica contemporâneos que propugnam o retorno da loucura ao convívio nas cidades. Considerando que é esses paradoxo
que o acompanhamento terapêutico, ao abrir-se à cidade, vem habita, a pesquisa busca identificar as ferramentas conceituais de que se serve o acompanhamento terapêutico em cada uma de suas vertentes em cada uma de suas vertentes teóricas referendadas seja em Lacan, em, Winnicott ou Deleuze e Guattari e o modo como essas ferramentas possibilitam à
clínica a incorporação do espaço pública, através de objetos e relações, tanto simbólicos como materiais, sem fazer uso de uma relação de domínio à parte que implique em segregação com respeito à sociedade comum. Conclui-se, daí, que, se a incidência da cidade na prática do acompanhamento terapêutico configura o traço que singulariza essa prática como um dos modos de fazer clínica, ela é, ao mesmo tempo, o que leva ao seu limite paradoxal o modo como a clínica se faz, cabendo disso extrais as consequências que interessam a uma clínica conforme a radicalidade do que propõe a reforma psiquiátrica.Concerned with the sharpening of the conceptual tools that allow the clinic to work within the field of psychiatric reform when the city invades the treatment setting and calls the clinic into question the present research has its starting point in the trajectory of an experiment carried out in the Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul during the last ten years in partnership with public mental-health services, having therapeutic accompaniment as a driving force. Clinic and the city have been the guiding lines of this investigation, which initially refers to various readings of history, geography, the social sciences, literature and philosophy to understand as far back as the formation of medieval cities up to emergence of contemporary metropolises. The birth of alienism is inscribed in this context, at the very moment when modern democratic societies come into being, their ambition of soul government engendering the isolationist ideal rendered preset by the psychiatric asylum. Thus, born in the city, psychiatry and suchlike part ways with it, and this paradox is embedded in those processes of psychiatric reform that advocate bringing madness back into the conviviality of the city. Considering that therapeutic accompaniment, when it opens itself to the city, enables that paradox, the present research seeks, to identify the conceptual tools therapeutic accompaniment deploys in each of its theoretic branches be it that they refer to Lacan, Winnicott or Deleuze and Guattari and the ways these tools render appropriation of the public space feasible to the clinic through objects and relations, both symbolic and material, without resorting to a separate domain that may entail segregation from common society. I infer that if the incidence of the city in the practice of therapeutic accompaniment is the feature that distinguishes this practice as one of the modes of doing clinic, this incidence is simultaneously what takes the manner in which clinic is done to its paradoxical limit, and one must extract thence the relevant consequences for a clinic, in accordance with the radicalness of the goals of psychiatric reform.
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Dinicola, Jennifer Ann, und Tamara Ann Pine. „Eating disorders and early attachment difficulties“. CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1999. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1937.
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Cheung, Pui-yee Albert, und 張沛儀. „Christian religiosity and mental health: an exploratory study among young people in Hong Kong“. Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1992. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31976918.
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Ventura, Mixel, und Emelinda Figueroa. „Elementary school teachers' recognition of depression in children“. CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1998. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1660.
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Lamb, Ieda Garms Macedo [UNESP]. „A prescrição de psicofármacos em uma região de saúde do Estado de São Paulo: análise e reflexão sobre uma prática“. Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/97588.
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Este trabalho de pesquisa analisou a dispensação de psicofármacos prescritos na rede extra-hospitalar do SUS, de 2002 a 2006, em uma Região de Saúde do Estado de São Paulo. Essa prescrição de psicofármacos é entendida, aqui, enquanto componente do dispositivo de medicalização, na concepção de Illich e Foucault e enquanto parte de um mesmo paradigma, o PPHM, conforme proposto por Costa-Rosa. A alta prevalência de transtornos psíquicos, em função de fatores complexos, mais agravados na atualidade, e as alardeadas taxas de medicalização do sofrimento psíquico indicam a grande relevância de investigar o fenômeno com profundidade, considerando que, de acordo com dados obtidos até 2006, em 25 municípios do referido Estado, as prescrições de psicofármacos foram significativas. Utilizou-se o método epidemiológico, baseado em dados secundários fornecidos pelo Farmanet, para o Programa Estadual (SP) de Assistência Farmacêutica na área de Saúde Mental. Os dados referentes aos psicofármacos dispensados foram expressos em DDD (Dose Diária Definida) por mil habitantes/dia, para cada classe terapêutica. As classes terapêuticas mais dispensadas foram antidepressivos, estabilizadores de humor e ansiolíticos, enquanto os antipsicóticos mantiveram dispensação estável, no mesmo período. O estudo realizado apontou grande possibilidade de ocorrência da medicalização do sofrimento psíquico, com suas consequências iatrogênicas. Esta análise pretende fornecer contribuições, neste momento difícil em que as políticas e as práticas próprias do Paradigma Psicossocial tanto lutam para se firmar, em todo o país, como alternativa teórico-técnica e ética ao Paradigma Psiquiátrico Hospitalocêntrico Medicalizador (PPHM).
This research analysis the dispensation of psychopharmacs prescribed in the extrahospitalar network of SUS, from 2002 to 2006, in a health region of the State of São Paulo, Brazil. This prescription of psychopharmacs, is understood here, while the component of medicalization disposition, according to Illich and Foucault and while comes from the some pattern, the PPHM, according to Costa-Rosa. The high prevalency of psychic disturbance, because of complex factors, more aggravated nowadays, and boasted toxes of psychei suffering medicalization indicate the great importance to investigate this phenomenon deeper, considering that, according to obtained data until 2006, in 25 cities of the refered State, the presciptions of psychopharmacs were meaningful. It is utilized the epidemiologyc method, with secundary data supplied by the Farmanet, for the State wide Program (SP) of Pharmaceutical Assistence in the Mental Health field. The refering data of exempted psychopharmacs were expressed in DDD (Daily Dosage Definite) by a thousand in habitants per day, for each therapeutic class. The most exempted classes were antidepressives, humor stabilizers and ansioulitics, while the antipsychots maintained stable exemptation, in the some period. The realized study indicated great possibility of medicalization occurance od psychic suffering, with their iatrogenic consequences. This analysis intends to supply contribution, in this hard time, where politics and owen acts of the Psychosocial Patern fight to be solid, in the whole country as a tecnique theorical and ethical alternative to the Medicalizatior Hospitalocentric Psychiatric Pattern (PPHM).
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Tanikado, Grace Vali Freitag. „Virtualizando coletivos : tecnologias e pesquisa-intervenção“. reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/25818.
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Este trabalho surge dentro do projeto de pesquisa Oficinando em Rede, que estuda a utilização de ferramentas tecnológicas como dispositivo de intervenção em saúde mental. O projeto mantém uma parceria com o Centro Integrado de Atendimento Psicossocial (CIAPS), serviço da rede pública estadual que é parte da estrutura do Hospital Psiquiátrico São Pedro (HPSP) em Porto Alegre e atende a crianças e adolescentes nas modalidades de internação e ambulatório. Nesta dissertação, buscamos analisar o que acontece no encontro entre Oficinando em Rede e CIAPS, tendo como recorte privilegiado a oficina de construção de um website do CIAPS pelos trabalhadores do serviço. Apostamos que esse exercício constitui-se como um dispositivo de virtualização do CIAPS, a partir da concepção de virtualização apresentada por Pierre Lévy, que a entende como o movimento de instauração de um campo problemático que leva à produção de uma resolução, ao que o autor denomina de atualização. Procuramos mapear as formas de coletivo que são atualizadas no encontro de Oficinando em Rede e CIAPS, buscando referenciais de análise na Inteligência Coletiva de Pierre Lévy e na Individuação Coletiva de Gilbert Simondon. A metodologia utilizada é a da pesquisa-intervenção baseada nas proposições de René Lourau, Humberto Maturana e Francisco Varela e Gilbert Simondon. Lançamos mão de três linhas de análise para essa experiência: a operatividade das tecnologias, as problematizações que se virtualizaram nesse exercício e o coletivo que se atualiza a partir disso. Apontamos a potência da tecnologia como dispositivo de intervenção institucional e a resistência à institucionalização como um elemento que fomenta o coletivo que se atualiza no encontro de Oficinando em Rede e CIAPS. Ressaltamos ainda, a ação política que se encontra em cada ato de pesquisar.This paper comes from inside the research project “Oficinando em rede”, that studies the use of technological tools as means of intervention on mental health. The project keeps a partnership with “Centro Integrado de Atendimento Psicossocial” (CIAPS), which is inside the public health service network and part of the Hospital Psiquiátrico São Pedro’s structure in Porto Alegre and take care of children and teenagers in ambulatorial and internment ways. In this dissertation we aim to analyze what happens in the meeting between “Oficinando em rede” and CIAPS, having the workshop of website about the CIAPS construction by his workers as a privileged cut-off. We bet that this exercise constituted an apparatus of CIAPS’ virtualization, from the virtualization concept presented by Pierre Levy, that understands it as a move of instauration of a problematic field that leads to the production of a resolution, named by the author as update. We try to map the collective’s shapes that are updated in the meeting between “Oficinando em rede” and CIAPS, seeking analytical references in the Pierre Levy’s collective intelligence and Gilbert Somondon’s collective individuation. We use the intervention-research methodology based on René Lourau, Humberto Maturana and Francisco Varela and Gilbert Simondon’s propositions. We use three lines of analysis of this experience: The technology’s productivity, the problematic virtualized in this exercise and the collective updated by this. We point the technology’s potencies as apparatus of institutional intervention and the resistance to institutionalization as an element that promotes the collective that’s updated in the meeting between “Oficinando em rede” and CIAPS. At last, we stand out the politic action inside every research act.
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Lamb, Ieda Garms Macedo. „A prescrição de psicofármacos em uma região de saúde do Estado de São Paulo : análise e reflexão sobre uma prática /“. Assis : [s.n.], 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/97588.
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Orientador: Abilio da Costa RosaBanca: Maria Jacira da Silva Simões
Banca: Sílvio Yasui
Resumo: Este trabalho de pesquisa analisou a dispensação de psicofármacos prescritos na rede extra-hospitalar do SUS, de 2002 a 2006, em uma Região de Saúde do Estado de São Paulo. Essa prescrição de psicofármacos é entendida, aqui, enquanto componente do dispositivo de medicalização, na concepção de Illich e Foucault e enquanto parte de um mesmo paradigma, o PPHM, conforme proposto por Costa-Rosa. A alta prevalência de transtornos psíquicos, em função de fatores complexos, mais agravados na atualidade, e as alardeadas taxas de medicalização do sofrimento psíquico indicam a grande relevância de investigar o fenômeno com profundidade, considerando que, de acordo com dados obtidos até 2006, em 25 municípios do referido Estado, as prescrições de psicofármacos foram significativas. Utilizou-se o método epidemiológico, baseado em dados secundários fornecidos pelo Farmanet, para o Programa Estadual (SP) de Assistência Farmacêutica na área de Saúde Mental. Os dados referentes aos psicofármacos dispensados foram expressos em DDD (Dose Diária Definida) por mil habitantes/dia, para cada classe terapêutica. As classes terapêuticas mais dispensadas foram antidepressivos, estabilizadores de humor e ansiolíticos, enquanto os antipsicóticos mantiveram dispensação estável, no mesmo período. O estudo realizado apontou grande possibilidade de ocorrência da medicalização do sofrimento psíquico, com suas consequências iatrogênicas. Esta análise pretende fornecer contribuições, neste momento difícil em que as políticas e as práticas próprias do Paradigma Psicossocial tanto lutam para se firmar, em todo o país, como alternativa teórico-técnica e ética ao Paradigma Psiquiátrico Hospitalocêntrico Medicalizador (PPHM).
Abstract: This research analysis the dispensation of psychopharmacs prescribed in the extrahospitalar network of SUS, from 2002 to 2006, in a health region of the State of São Paulo, Brazil. This prescription of psychopharmacs, is understood here, while the component of medicalization disposition, according to Illich and Foucault and while comes from the some pattern, the PPHM, according to Costa-Rosa. The high prevalency of psychic disturbance, because of complex factors, more aggravated nowadays, and boasted toxes of psychei suffering medicalization indicate the great importance to investigate this phenomenon deeper, considering that, according to obtained data until 2006, in 25 cities of the refered State, the presciptions of psychopharmacs were meaningful. It is utilized the epidemiologyc method, with secundary data supplied by the Farmanet, for the State wide Program (SP) of Pharmaceutical Assistence in the Mental Health field. The refering data of exempted psychopharmacs were expressed in DDD (Daily Dosage Definite) by a thousand in habitants per day, for each therapeutic class. The most exempted classes were antidepressives, humor stabilizers and ansioulitics, while the antipsychots maintained stable exemptation, in the some period. The realized study indicated great possibility of medicalization occurance od psychic suffering, with their iatrogenic consequences. This analysis intends to supply contribution, in this hard time, where politics and owen acts of the Psychosocial Patern fight to be solid, in the whole country as a tecnique theorical and ethical alternative to the Medicalizatior Hospitalocentric Psychiatric Pattern (PPHM).
Mestre
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Guetat-Calabrese, Narjès. „Diriger une maison d'enfants à caractère social : regard clinique sur la fonction de direction“. Thesis, Paris 10, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA100160.
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Cette thèse porte sur la fonction de direction d’une maison d’enfants à caractère social (MECS). Le travail réalisé s’inscrit dans une approche clinique d’orientation psychanalytique. À partir de quatre entretiens cliniques de recherche auprès de deux directrices et deux directeurs de MECS, la chercheuse, occupant elle-même des fonctions de direction de MECS, propose de poser un regard clinique sur les différentes postures sous-jacentes à l’exercice de cette fonction. La thèse est organisée en trois parties : la première partie analyse l’itinéraire professionnel de la chercheuse et témoigne de l’évolution de son positionnement dans une démarche clinique d’abord en tant que professionnelle puis en tant que chercheuse. La deuxième partie présente le champ de la Protection de l’Enfance, la spécificité des MECS comme institutions de la mésinscription et des adolescents qui y sont accueillis, la fonction de direction à travers plusieurs ouvrages consacrés à cette question mis en écho avec l’expérience de fonction de direction occupée par la chercheuse. Un dernier chapitre propose quelques éclairages théoriques à propos de la pulsion et la pulsion de mort. La troisième et dernière partie est dédiée à l’analyse des entretiens et à la mise en perspective de ces analyses dans laquelle sont avancées des hypothèses de compréhension des enjeux conscients et inconscients dans l’exercice de la fonction de direction de MECSThis thesis focusses on the role of leadership in Children’s Social Care Homes (MECS) and on the analysis of the psychological sources which underlie this role. The work is done as part of a clinical approach from a psychoanalytical position. Based on clinical interviews conducted with directors of MECS, the researcher proposes to take a clinical look at the different aspects of this function. The thesis is organised in three parts : the first part traces the professional journey of the researcher and shows the evolution of her position in a clinical approach to psychoanalytical orientation, first as a professional and then as a researcher. The second part presents an overview of child protection as well as the specificities of the “MECS” as institutions of care (mesinscription) linked to the characteristics of the adolescents they welcome. Based on the reading of several works on the function of leadership in this type of institutions and using her own experience as a director of a MECS countertransferentially, the researcher analyses the outlines of the definition of this function. The third and final part is dedicated to the analysis of the interviews and putting into the perspective of these analyses in which are advanced hypotheses for understanding of the conscious and unconscious stakes process of “déliaison” in such an institution and to the dualism of the impulse to life/impulse to death