Dissertationen zum Thema „Propriété électriques“
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Masillamani, Appan Merari. „Propriétés électriques des nanostructures π-conjugués“. Phd thesis, Université de Strasbourg, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00836614.
Der volle Inhalt der QuellePatureau, Pascaline. „Synthèse et caractérisations de matériaux à propriétés magnéto-électriques“. Nantes, 2015. https://archive.bu.univ-nantes.fr/pollux/show/show?id=1ca05480-62dc-4c53-ab66-11d77e833e63.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis thesis is centered on the study of type II multiferroic material MnWO4. The helical arrangement of the spins carried by Mn2+ ions in the temperature range between 8 and 12. 3 K induces, at the micrometric level, the onset of a ferroelectric order. In order to better understand both the strong magnetic-dielectric coupling and the structure-properties relationships, we defined two main research directions. One is the chemical substitution of Jahn-Teller Cu2+ ions for Mn2+ ions. The existence of a Mn1-xCuxWO4 solid solution for 0 ≤ x ≤ 1 with a crystalline phase change at x ≈ 0. 3 was demonstrated. Magnetic susceptibility and dielectric measurements have highlighted the preservation of the multiferroic properties for x < 0. 15 and the emergence of new magnetic interactions within the materials for x < 0. 3. The research direction is to reduce the size of MnWO4 particles to the nanoscale. Nanoparticles with sizes under 100 nm and a controlled morphology, having a wolframite structure, were synthesized using the hydrothermal route. The presence of crystallization water and hydroxyl groups in these compounds was demonstrated for the first time. Intermediate compounds in the synthesis of these nanoparticles were also studied, revealing an interesting variety of chemical formulas and structures. Finally, Spark Plasma Sintering densification of powder compacts allowed to prove the multiferroic property of nanometric materials having both the MnWO4 chemical formula and the wolframite structure
Lecoublet, Morgan. „Ρrοpriétés Diélectriques des Μatériaux Biοsοurcés“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Normandie, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024NORMR027.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn a context of sustainable development and public awareness of environmental issues, biobased polymers represent a promising niche in the industrial sector, with a strong growth potential. This is a favorable context for the development of new biobased and/or biodegradable structures suitable for a wide range of dielectric applications, but many limitations still exist to fully benefit from the dielectric performance of biobased polymers. This thesis is part of a broader effort to promote the use of biobased materials in the dielectric field, proposing an advanced study of the multiphysical properties, particularly dielectric properties, of biobased polymers to identify applications in dielectric fields suitable for such materials. In the first phase of the thesis, an advanced literature review identified three biobased polymers with high potential for the dielectric field, i.e. polylactic acid (PLA), polyhydroxybutyrate-co-valerate (PHBV) and cellulose acetate (CA). Their dielectric performance were comparable to conventional synthetic polymers used in electrical insulation, such as polyethylene, polypropylene and epoxy resin. In addition, the literature review also identified three potential strategies to encourage the use of bio-based polymers in electrical insulation, i.e. the development of polymer blends, the creation of bio(nano)composites based on cellulosic fillers, and the use of new processing techniques such as 3D printing. The second phase of the thesis proposes the creation of polymer blends and 3D printing to obtain 3D-printed PLA-based materials for application in electrical insulation. Preliminary results showed that PLA : CA blends were the most promising for the continuation of the project and were therefore chosen for the 3D printing step. The addition of CA improved the mechanical stability of PLA in a rubbery state, but also slightly reduced their electrical insulation capacity. An optimization step using a Taguchi design resulted in 3D-printed polymer blends samples with mechanical rigidity and electrical insulation capacity comparable to low-density polyethylene. The final phase of the thesis proposes to combine the use of cellulose-based bio(nano)composites and 3D printing to obtain PLA-based materials for application in electrical insulation. Two different fillers were used and compared: cellulose microcrystals (MCC) and cellulose nanocrystals (NCC). The results showed that the addition of cellulose fillers improved the mechanical rigidity of the materials, but also slightly reduced their electrical insulation capacity. A factorial design optimization step produced cellulose-reinforced biocomposites with superior mechanical properties to polypropylene, while offering comparable electrical insulation properties. This thesis therefore proposes biobased and even compostable alternatives to polyethylene and polypropylene in the electrical insulation field, through the combined use of different strategies easily applicable on an industrial scale, in line with a sustainable development approach
Beauvais, Sébastien. „Etude de l'influence de la porosité sur les propriétés électriques de dépôts réalisés par projection plasma“. Phd thesis, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00006592.
Der volle Inhalt der Quelleutilisation comme revêtement isolant est envisagé pour l?amélioration des sondes géologiques. La souplesse du
procédé de projection plasma a permis l?obtention de dépôts présentant une large gamme de porosités aux proportions et morphologies variées. Le dépôt se construit par empilement de gouttelettes en fusion. Celles-ci, en s?étalant et se solidifiant pour former des lamelles, génèrent un réseau de porosité interconnectée, anisotrope et tridimensionnel. Ce dernier est difficile à observer et caractériser. Il comprend les pores globulaires, les fissures inter-lamellaires et les fissures intra-lamellaires. Leur caractérisation microstructurale a été réalisée par analyse d?images de coupes de dépôts. Six d?entre eux, ont été sélectionnés pour mesurer leurs propriétés électriques. Ces microstructures très particulières, riches en défauts, entraînent une dégradation plus ou moins importante des propriétés électriques par rapport à l?alumine massive. Ces mesures ont montré que la porosité, principalement via les fissures intralamellaires, constituait des canaux « perforants » reliant le substrat à la surface du dépôt. Des mesures par spectroscopie d?impédance ont révélé que pour tous les dépôts, lors d?une immersion, le liquide arrivait à
atteindre le substrat et à amorcer une réaction de corrosion au fond des pores. Enfin, la méthode appelée
« Scanning Electron Microscopy Mirror Effect », consistant à irradier un matériau avec un canon à électrons, a
démontré que suivant leur orientation, les fissures constituaient soit des chemins privilégiés, soit des obstacles pour les porteurs de charges au sein du matériau.
Cette porosité « perforante » étant due à son haut degré d?interconnexion, une simulation tridimensionnelle de la
microstructure et de la porosité a été développée. Elle se fait par empilements successifs de lamelles incorporant
de manière aléatoire les pores et les fissures. Pour cela, des lamelles étalées sur des substrats d?alumine polis et
préchauffés ont été observées et caractérisées. L?acquisition de leurs volumes par microscopie confocale a
permis de les modéliser. Les probabilités de présence des défauts ont été déterminées à partir d?observations de
coupes de dépôts. Cette démarche a aboutie à la création d?images 3D du dépôt réel. A partir de ces images,
après un maillage approprié, des calculs par éléments finis, ont permis de révéler une anisotropie des propriétés
électriques en relation directe avec celle de la microstructure. Cette simulation couplée au calcul par éléments finis semble très prometteuse pour la compréhension des relations microstructure/propriétés des dépôts réalisés par projection plasma.
Leboeuf, Mathilde. „Influence des paramètres du procédé sur les propriétés électriques et rhéologiques des polyamides chargés de noir de carbone“. Phd thesis, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00246810.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleTraoré, Jean. „Dispositif numérique de conditionnement thermique en vue de l'étude des propriétés ohmiques et thermo-électriques d'alliage binaire en couche mince“. Rouen, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992ROUES052.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAmsellem, Olivier. „Simulations 2D et 3D de microstructure d'alumine projetée plasma pour l'étude de ses propriétés mécaniques et électriques“. Phd thesis, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00331802.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleHe, Zhongzheng. „Quantification of Electrical Properties of Organs by Magnetic Resonance Imaging“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024LORR0099.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleTissue electrical properties (EPs), including electrical conductivity and permittivity, define the pathways through which current flows in the body in response to an electromagnetic (EM) field. These properties are influenced by tissue composition, internal structure, aging, and factors like water content, ion concentration, and the medium in which they reside (intra- or extracellular). EPs vary significantly across different tissues and pathological conditions, making them potential biomarkers for clinical applications such as cancer diagnosis, therapy monitoring, and fundamental etiology research. Additionally, understanding EPs allows for the calculation of EM field distribution within the body, which is crucial for assessing personalized specific absorption rate (SAR) in MRI systems to ensure radiofrequency (RF) safety. Among the various technologies for imaging EPs, Magnetic Resonance Electrical Properties Tomography (EPT) stands out due to its non-invasive nature and high spatial resolution. EPT reconstructs the quantitative spatial distribution of EPs from the measured B1 field variations in MRI. The overarching goal of this thesis is to evaluate and optimize EPT methods, and explore the variability of EPs in the population to benefit accurate SAR modeling. This thesis provides a comprehensive overview of the state-of-the-art in EPT, detailing the analysis and review of EPT reconstruction and data acquisition methods. The performance of various EPT methods was first evaluated using conductivity phantoms in terms of accuracy and resolution limits. Considering the advantages and drawbacks of each technique proposed for MR-EPT, image-based EPT with Ultra-short Echo Time (UTE) sequence was selected as the most promising practical approach. The second part of the study focused on evaluating permittivity reconstruction accuracy in image-based EPT with different flip angles of UTE. An optimal flip angle for permittivity was identified, enhancing the reliability of permittivity measurements. Thirdly, to ensure the validity of homogeneous Helmholtz EPT formulations in large homogeneous regions, an adaptive Savitzky-Golay kernel was proposed for any arbitrary tissue shape with anatomical prior knowledge. Additionally, a numerical method for the surface integral version of EPT was developed, providing reduced noise effects by converting second derivatives to first derivatives in the formulation. The fourth part of the thesis explored in vivo conductivity changes in the brain and torso related to age, fat fraction, and sex. These findings offer insights into accurate SAR modeling with corrected conductivity values, accounting for their variability in the population. Finally, the application of EPT in local SAR calculation was developed and compared with those based on literature EPs values. This comparison validated the reliability of EPT, emphasizing its importance in SAR modeling
Achir, Ali. „Contribution à l’étude de la propriété de platitude sur des modèles Bond Graphs non linéaires“. Ecole Centrale de Lille, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005ECLI0005.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis PHD thesis aims to study the differential flatness property on non-linear bond graph models (BGs) and to contribute to the resolution of the two principal problems encountered in practice, mainly the problems of flat outputs identification and differential parameterisation. In order to reach this objective, new concepts and graphical tools are introduced. Particularly, thanks to the use of the Kähler differentials, the notion of tangent or variationnel BG (VBG) model is defined. A BG method based on the use of the BGV model enables identifying the bases of the differential module associated with the VBG model, which become the flat outputs of the original non-linear system after integration. Besides, by defining the notion of non-commutative ring BGs, a new gain rule known as Riegle’s gain formula is extended to BGs. Then, by considering a VBG model as a particular case of non-commutative ring BGs, the problem of differential parameterisation is then solved using Riegle’s gain formula and the concept of bicausality. Finally, in order to introduce further concepts of differential algebra and modules theory to the BG methodology, the case of non-linear BG models governed by polynomial differential equations is approached. In this context, the BG allows to conduct a direct analysis of the main properties of the system from its associated BG model, such as the choices of inputs, the dynamics corresponding to these choices, the calculation of differential (non-differential) transcendence degrees, etc. . . It is also shown that Riegle's gain rule can be extended to this class of BGs models
Ruet, Joël. „La réforme du secteur électrique de l'Inde : administration à vendreTransformer les State Electricity Boards en entreprises“. Paris, ENMP, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001ENMP1128.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMeyza, Xavier. „Relations microstructure-comportement face à l'injection de charges-rigidité diélectrique pour des alumines polycristallines : effet de la température et d'un vieillissement thermique“. Saint-Etienne, EMSE, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003EMSE0003.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDielectric breakdown occurs when the applied voltage on an insulator exceeds the threshold value Vc. It generates locally the melting and the evaporation of the material. Polycrystalline aluminas were liquid sintered up to 1590°C and studied after sintering or thermal ageing. The dielectric breakdown Ec is both microstructure and temperature dependent. Ec decreases from 25° to 150°C and increases toward temperatures up to 500°C ; Ec is sensitive to the grain boundaries composition : positive effect of anorthite CaAl2SiO8 at 25°C and of glass at temperatures greater than 150°C. The understanding of mechanisms controlling the breakdown was achieved in a second part. The simulation of the charge transport and storage was an attractive way to analyse experimental SEMME measurements. The optimisation of Ec in a large temperature range requires good abilities for charges trapping within grain boundaries at low temperatures and for charges spreading within grain boundaries at high temperatures
AIT-SLIMANI, BRAHIM. „Etude du caractere emissif des materiaux de contact (agcdo-agsno2) en fonction du champ electrique applique et de la temperature“. Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990CLF21273.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleTran, Duy Chau. „Propriétés diélectriques de liquides isolants d'origine végétale pour applications en haute tension“. Grenoble 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009GRE10017.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleFor the environmental, economic or technical reasons, oils based on natural esters were used to replace mineral oil in electrical equipments in low and medium voltage. This work consists on characterization of a mixture (RS50) of low viscosity natural esters based on rapeseed oil for applications in high voltage transformers. The influence of humidity, temperature, particle content and thermal aging on its dielectric properties such as permittivity, conductivity, losses and electrical strength was highlighted. The RS50 has a high-water solubility, its conductivity, permittivity and losses are both higher than those of mineral oil but these differences are reduced in aged oils. Its electrical strength is similar to mineral oil even after aging. However, an analysis more precise of prebreak down and breakdown phenomena in specific configurations have shown that natural esters are less favorable for high voltage applications than mineral oil. In parallel, a methodological study was carried out. Advantage of using the frequency spectroscopy measuring method for the characterization of insulating liquids is highlighted. The validity of conditions for the dielectric strength measurement in the liquid insulation, which is traditionally imposed following the standards, was also discussed
Kowalski, Kazimierz. „Étude de la ségrégation et de la diffusion dans le monoxyde de cobalt pur et dope et des propriétés électriques de cet oxyde“. Nancy 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994NAN10413.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBesse, Florence. „Électrodéposition et caractérisation de films et de nanofils d'alliages Bi1-xSbx“. Metz, 1999. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/UPV-M/Theses/1999/Besse.Florence.SMZ9938.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDelarue, Patrice. „Évolution structurale en fonction de la température de monocristaux de solutions solides K XRB 1 XTIOPO 4, 0 X 1 ; corrélation avec leurs susceptibilités électriques du second et du troisième ordre“. Nancy 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999NAN10177.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBergemann, Thorsten. „Effets de l'arc électrique sur les caractéristiques structurales et les propriétés électriques de composites argent-carbone“. Orléans, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002ORLE2051.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSalome, Francis. „Contribution à l'étude de nouvelles méthodes de mesure des paramètres électriques et thermiques des matériaux : influence de l'humidité sur les propriétés électriques et thermiques des matériaux non métalliques“. Lille 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986LIL10082.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDubois, Dominique. „Propriétés de résolution d'un système à nombre d'équations et d'inconnues différent : exemple d'application en traction électrique“. Lille 1, 1998. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/1998/50376-1998-237.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuellePommier, Anne. „Propriétés électriques des magmas“. Phd thesis, Université d'Orléans, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00545608.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleShi, Guixin. „Modulation électrique des fonctions cellulaires par le biais d'un nouveau bioconducteur dégradable“. Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25547/25547.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleHug, Eric. „Etude des dégradations des propriétés magnétiques d'alliages Fe-3% Si avec les déformations plastiques : Application à la mise en oeuvre des tôles utilisées dans la conception des moteurs électriques“. Compiègne, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993COMP632S.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleHajlaoui, Riadh. „Effet de la structure sur les propriétés électriques et optiques d'oligomères conjugués semi-conducteurs. Application à la réalisation de transistors à effet de champ et de diode électroluminescentes“. Rouen, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995ROUES005.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBrochen, Stéphane. „Propriétés électriques du ZnO monocristallin“. Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00872067.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMitov, Michel. „Action du champ électrique sur des cristaux électriques chiraux en géométrie confinée“. Nice, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993NICE4666.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleWe present phase diagrams of mixtures between a cholesteric liquid crystal sidechains polymer with cholesteric or nematic low molar mass liquid crystals. We describe a new phenomenon occuring at the threshold of the cholesteric / nematic transition induced by an electric field in a confined geometry (i. E. : the celle thickness is of the order of the helicoidal pitch). It consists, in optical microscopy, in the spiral shape of filaments (bound to the cholesteric phase) embedded in the homeotropic matrix (untwisted cholesteric). We give a flexo-electric type model, based on the propagation of surface distorsions, for the spirals nucleation. A growth mechanism, linked to the intrinsic structure of filaments (exhibiting a double twist) is suggested. We show how to use of a photo-crosslinkabke polymer permits to freeze field-induced structures, as the spirals, and we give the experimental process for obtaining a film for electron microscopy studies. This gelation process via a polymeric network leads to new ways for applications as for micro-structural studies
Chateaux, Jean-François. „Conception et réalisation d'une cellule de caractérisation des tissus biologiques par spectroscopie de bioimpédance dans la gamme fréquentielle, 100 Hz-1MHz : application aux tissus osseux, prise en compte de l'anisotropie“. Nancy 1, 2000. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/SCD_T_2000_0238_CHATEAUX.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBelarbi, Zoulikha. „Etude des propriétés électriques de la phtalocyanine de nickel et du mésogène discotique dérivé de la bis-phtalocyanine de lutétium : effet du dopage : étude du comportement diélectrique de cristaux liquides nématiques ou smectiques“. Lyon 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987LYO19046.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDebreuille-Gresse, Marie-Françoise. „Synthèse, structure et propriétés de composés du bismuth et d'anions phosphate ou vanadate“. Lille 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986LIL10049.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleJouglard, Dylan. „Propriétés électriques de verres d'intérêt nucléaire“. Thesis, Orléans, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018ORLE2036/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe vitrification of high-level nuclear waste is an important step to master in order to ensure their immobilization. Since 2010, a cold crucible induction melter is used in the La Hague plant due to its advantages. This process is based on electromagnetic currents directly induced on the load of the crucible whose walls are water-cooled. Thanks to the thermal gradient established between these cooled walls and the molten glass, a solid glass layer called self-crucible is created which protects the crucible from corrosion effects and acts as an electrical insulator. Due to their complex composition and microstructure, the study of electrical and dielectric properties of nuclear glasses and the understanding of the related phenomena are necessary in order to efficiently master the cold crucible process and the associated thermo-hydraulic simulations.This study is dealing with the description of the electric charge motion phenomena involving the electrical and dielectric properties of the nuclear borosilicate glasses. Relationships between these properties, the composition and the microstructure are also given. These issues are firstly broached through the investigation of two industrial inactive glasses of complex composition thanks to microstructure characterizations and complex impedance measurements in the solid-state. A more detailed description of the phenomena is performed thanks to the characterization of simplified glasses containing 5 oxides (SiO2-B2O3-Na2O-CaO -RuO2 or -MoO3) allowing a better understanding of the charge motion according to the electrical field frequency, the temperature, the composition and the microstructure of the material
Hindermann-Bischoff, Manuela. „Etude des propriétés électriques de composites matrice organique - noir de carbone“. Mulhouse, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999MULH0560.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleHaas, Vincent. „Caractérisation 3D des charges électriques dans les isolants polymères minces par imagerie thermoacoustique“. Toulouse 3, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997TOU30169.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMenny, Ould Abderrahim Elbah. „Étude des proprietes magnétiques de quelques systèmes fortement correlés“. Nancy 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988NAN10395.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleGamoudi, Maxime. „Détermination par courants thermostimulés et mesures en très basses fréquences et basses fréquences des propriétés électriques de matériaux moléculaires“. Lyon 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986LYO19015.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleProbst, Nicolaus. „Etude des propriétés électriques et diélectriques des composites polymères - noirs de carbone : parallélisme entre propriétés électriques et mécaniques“. Mulhouse, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991MULH0180.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleFleury, Emmanuel. „Etude d'un plasma de méthane en atmosphère non oxydante“. Rouen, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988ROUES004.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBrocard, Frédéric. „Etude des propriétés de transport de couches minces de fullerènes C60 et C70“. Montpellier 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996MON20121.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMeva'a, Charles Simon. „Caractérisation électrique du matériau AlInAs élaboré par épitaxie par jets moléculaires à basse température“. Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996ECDL0056.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSalvetat, Jean-Paul. „Transition isolant-conducteur dans le polyimide Kapton irradié par des ions lourds rapides“. Lyon 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995LYO19003.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMalecki, Andrzej. „Décomposition thermique et propriétés électriques de Co3O4“. Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 1985. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00835492.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBelache, Boukhalfa. „Propriétés électriques de l'InP in type p“. Thesis, McGill University, 1989. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=59298.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleHammami, Saber. „Propriétés physiques et électriques de polymères électroactifs“. Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017GREAT033/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleElectroactive polymers known as dielectric elastomers have shown considerable promise for transducers. They are attractive for a wide range of innovative applications including softs robots, adaptive optics, haptic interface or biomedical actuation thanks to their high energy density and good efficiency. For the functioning of all these application, the electroactive polymer is subjected to high electrical field. Nevertheless, the performances of these transducers are affected by the losses and especially the ones induced by the leakage current.Mechanical pre-stretch is an effective method to improve actuation when a voltage is applied to the device made up of a dielectric elastomer sandwiched between two compliant electrodes. The overall performances of the structure (electromechanical conversion, efficiency, strain induced…) depend strongly on the electric and mechanical properties of the elastomer. Regarding electric characteristics, dielectric permittivity, dissipation factor and electric breakdown field have been deeply investigated according to various parameters such as frequency, temperature, pre-stretch, or nature of the electrodes but complete analysis of the leakage current is missing in the scientific literature.Thus, this work reports an extensive investigation on the stability of the current-time characteristics in dielectric elastomer. Particularly, we focus on the influence of the nature of the electrodes and pre-stress applied to the transducer. In order to evaluate the influence of the time duration on the behavior of the leakage current, short and long-term electrical stress times was applied during short times and up to 15 hours.Leakage current in electroactive polymers were discussed for a commercial polyacrylate (VHB4910 from 3M) currently used for soft transducers applications. This current is investigated as a function of external factors (stretching, temperature, type of material for electrodes)In order to evaluate the limitations in term of voltage and in the goal to increase the lifetime of these transducers, the second part of our study is focused on the dielectric strength of silicone rubbers for various types of electrodes (gold, Aluminum, graphene nanoplatelets, graphene : GnP). The effect of self-healing is particularly studied and a selection of electrodes for soft transducers based on dielectric elastomers is proposed
PHAN, THANH BINH. „Polydiméthylsiloxane : réseaux aléatoires (RMN) et propriétés électriques“. Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998GRE10013.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleEl, Beqqali Omar. „Propriétés électriques et diffusion d'impuretés dans des matériaux organiques : application à l'électronique moléculaire“. Lyon 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990LYO10116.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSaysouk, François. „Élaboration et caractérisation de films polyimide-nitrure de bore nanocomposites pour l'isolation électrique à haute température“. Toulouse 3, 2014. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/2445/.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe advanced research for warm regions integration and/or operation in power electronics, results in an increased level of electrical and thermal stresses imposed on all their constituents. This concerns, in particular, the components of the power modules and high temperature rotating machines. In literature a thin dielectric layer for the high temperature (> 200 °C) isolation of different parts in power modules and rotating machines is missing. Polyimides, thermosetting polymer materials, are good candidates for this type of applications; however in this range of temperatures, these are limited from an electrical point of view. The introduction of inorganic nanoparticles in the polyimide matrix can be a solution to enhance its dielectric properties. The availability of new nanoparticles allows the fabrication of increased performance nanocomposites with high electric field and high temperature (up to 400 °C) performances. In this thesis, novel polyimide/boron nitride (PI/BN) nanocomposites have been prepared. Their dielectric properties were studied particularly in the range from 200 °C to 350 °C. Also, the influence of the size of the nanoparticles of BN (between 40 nm and 250 nm) has been studied. It's known that the presence of agglomerates in the nanocomposites limits the dielectric properties under high electric field; many improvements have been made in this direction to ameliorate the fabrication process. Dielectric losses, conduction currents and electrical conductivity improvements have been obtained in the nanocomposites compared to the neat matrix: a 2 to 4 decades reduction has been measured in the considered temperature range. Furthermore, the breakdown field resulted doubled at 350 °C for nanocomposites. Finally an analysis of the various physical mechanisms involved in the electrical conduction improvement was realised
Agoudjil, Boudjemaa. „Étude des propriétés thermophysiques et électriques de matériaux hétérogènes“. Paris 12, 2006. https://athena.u-pec.fr/primo-explore/search?query=any,exact,990003939470204611&vid=upec.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis work presents a comparative study of thermophysical, electrical, dielectric and rheologic properties of three composites: glass and silver coated glass spheres dispersed in EVA matrix, powders of BaTiO3 dispersed in EVA matrix and PVC matrix filled with Carbon NanoTubes. This study is devoted in the first time to the composites preparation and to the measurements of the electrical conductivity (), thermal conductivity (k), dynamic viscosity () and the relative permittivity (r) (for some composites). It was shown that both relative permittivity r and electrical conductivity depend on the fillers size. However, the effect of the particles size on the thermal and the rheologic properties can be neglected. Besides, the fillers surface is an important factor controlling the thermal and the electrical conductivities. It also follows from this study the existence of a correlation between the thermal conductivity and others properties (, and r). The second objective of this study was the improvement of a measurement method of emissivity, thermal conductivity and diffusivity. The characterisation of a reference sample (PVC) allowed the validation of the measurement protocol. This includes the reproducibility study of the method, the comparison of the results to the literature data, the analysis of the limitations of the measurement protocol and a sensitivity analysis
Boudou, Laurent. „Influence des paramètres de mise en oeuvre sur la morphologie et la conductivité électrique d'un polyéthylène destiné à la fabrication des câbles“. Toulouse 3, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001TOU30143.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBoulos, Madona. „Elaboration de poudres de titanates par chimie douce, caractérisation, mise en forme de céramiques et de couches, et propriétés électriques : application aux matériaux à très fortes valeurs de permitivité“. Toulouse 3, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005TOU30261.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleNanometric powders of BaTiO3 have been prepared by hydrothermal method at 150 and 250°C using BaCl2. 2H2O/TiCl3 or TiO2 as precursors. Ceramics showing 95% of densification are obtained after sintering at 1250°C for 10 and 20 h. These ceramics present a heterogeneous microstructure. The grain size and the grain distribution in the ceramic bulk govern the electrical properties. Thick layers present a relative permittivity higher then 4000 at the curie temperature. La-doped BaTiO3 has been prepared by the oxalate method. The obtained ceramics showed a uniform microstructure. The Curie temperature is displaced to lower temperatures and the relative permittivity increases up to 10000 with increasing La3+ concentration. Ceramics sintered by spark plasma sintering showed electrical properties that are significantly different from those of conventionnally sintered ones. The coprecipitation has been used to synthesize materials based on CaCu3Ti4O12. Three main types of ceramics were obtained. The presence of CuO phase beside the CCT plays an important role for enhancing the dielectric properties
Lavallée, Eric. „Fabrication et étude de propriétés électriques de nanostructures“. Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 1996. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/4331.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLavallée, Éric. „Fabrication et étude de propriétés électriques de nanostructures“. Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/mq21784.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBouchard, Jimmy. „Nouveaux dérivés du polyfluorène, synthèse et propriétés électriques“. Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ57850.pdf.
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