Dissertationen zum Thema „Procédés Thermiques“
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Bordeneuve-Guibé, Joël. „Commande prédictive adaptative : application à des procédés thermiques“. Toulouse 3, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990TOU30215.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleNolhier, Nicolas. „Contrôle des procédés thermiques rapides appliqués à la microélectronique“. Toulouse, INSA, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992ISAT0002.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleGagnon, Bertrand. „Gestion d'information sur les procédés thermiques par base de données“. Thesis, McGill University, 1986. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=65447.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleRichard, Caroline. „Étude des caractéristiques mécaniques de revêtements projetés par procédés thermiques“. Compiègne, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992COMP0548.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleRichard, Caroline. „Étude des caractéristiques mécaniques de revêtements projetés par procédés thermiques“. Compiègne, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992COMPD548.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAmann, Jean-Marc. „Etude de procédés de captage du CO2 dans les centrales thermiques“. Phd thesis, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2007. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00003445.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBereaux, Yves. „Procédés de Plasturgie : Approche par des modèles numériques, thermiques et mécaniques“. Habilitation à diriger des recherches, INSA de Lyon, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01023401.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleCalvet, Nicolas. „Stockages thermiques performants et durables pour procédés solaires : des basses aux hautes températures“. Perpignan, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PERP0002.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleChafouk, Hicham. „Caractérisation des régimes transitoires dans les procédés thermiques : application aux échangeurs de chaleur“. Rouen, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005ROUES042.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleOur research concern the comprehension and the improvement of characterization methods of transient heat transfer in heat exchangers. The application of the method of MacCormack allowed the numerical study of transient response of the system for variations in temperature and flow at the input. One of the principal results of our research consists on the determination of a relationship between dynamics and the two fluids velocities. The ratio of these time-constants varies linearly according to final adimensional velocity V*∞ : τ*fs=(αcoV*+ßco)τ*cs. In the case of the configuration Co-current, the identification of the characteristics of this linearly showed that the values of αco and ßco are close to αco=2/3 and ßco=1/3. The analytical expressions of these parameters were proposed in the case of counter current heat exchanger. This property of convexity allows the analytical characterization of time constants for co-current heat exchangers in the case of hot fluid flow variations. Those expressions of time constants were used in the application of Kalman Observer to correct the prediction and correction of temperatures. This method has the advantage of predicting the fluid temperatures and their corrections without using any iterative methods
Le, Harzic Ronan. „Etude des procédés laser femtoseconde pour le micro-usinage à effets thermiques limités“. Saint-Etienne, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003STET4007.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe studies presented in this thesis underline the real potential of femtosecond lasers for micromachining applications and insist on the control and use of the amplified laser chains. The experimental devices for the control of micromachining require the control of many parameters, as mechanical, data-processing or optical. Various techniques of machining were worked out to increase the quality of machining and drilling and systematic studies were undertaken in the case of metals including fluence and repetition rate dependence. A comparison of the heating effects on the edges of holes drilled in femtosecond and nanosecond regime was performed with an experimental approach (TTM measurements) and with a modelization. This was based on the use of a 2 temperatures model. Finally complementary results, in particular on silicon micromachining and tests of wave guide photowritting illustrate the wide applicability field of the ultra-short laser pulses
Samyn, Fabienne. „Compréhension des procédés d'ignifugation du polyamide 6 : apport des nanocomposites aux systèmes retardateurs de flamme phosphorés“. Lille 1, 2007. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/2007/50376-2007-Samyn.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBelkerk, Boubakeur Essedik. „Nouveaux outils expérimentaux pour l’analyse des propriétés thermiques de nanostructures élaborées par procédés plasma“. Nantes, 2013. http://archive.bu.univ-nantes.fr/pollux/show.action?id=76e4788f-8783-4560-b1a3-a1c60679772f.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleNew experimental techniques for measuring thermal properties of thin films and nanostructures are presented. Probes have been designed and fabricated for detecting ultrafast transient temperature responses in the time window [100 ns - 10 μs] subsequent to electrical or optical pulses. Thermal transient models have been developed for estimating the thermal properties of materials by fitting the temperature signals. Experimental studies were carried on aluminum nitride and carbon nanowalls produced by plasma techniques. The thermal properties of those materials were found well correlated with the structural features of the films analyzed by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy
Oliva, Florian. „Modélisation, caractérisation et optimisation des procédés de traitements thermiques pour la formation d’absorbeurs CIGS“. Thesis, Saint-Etienne, EMSE, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014EMSE0738/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSolar energy is promised to be a major actor in the future of energy production. Even if silicon based solar cells remain the main product their fabrication is energy consuming and requires heavy cover glass for protection, which reduce their development. For several years, commercial interest has shifted towards thin-film cells for which manufacturing time, large scale production, fabrication costs and weight savings are the main advantages. For thin film technology, a wide variety of materials can be used but chalcopyrite such as Cu(In,Ga)Se2 is one of the most promising. The most current method used for chalcopyrite formation is co- evaporation but this process is very expensive and not well suitable for large scale production due to high vacuum requirements. One alternative solution described in this work consists of a two-step technology based on the sequential electro-deposition of a metallic precursor followed by a rapid reactive annealing. However to reach its full potential this technology needs a better understanding of the Ga incorporation mechanism and of the selenization/sulfurization step. This work focuses first on formation mechanisms through the study of several kinds of precursor. This knowledge is then used to explain and to optimize innovative annealing processes. This study is achieved by observing the impact of some process parameters using designs of experiment (DOE). A link between process parameters and properties of these thin films is obtained using electrical, structural and diffusion characterization of the devices. Finally we propose hypothesis to explain observed phenomena and also some improvements to meet the challenges of this process
Bohr, Élaine. „Étude des échanges thermiques dans la fabrication des composites par les procédés d'injection sur renfort“. Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape4/PQDD_0017/MQ53559.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMarou, Francois. „Procédés thermiques rapides : étude de l'oxydation du silicium et de l'activation de l'impureté bore implantée“. Toulouse 3, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990TOU30044.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleGonon, Nathalie. „Procédés thermiques rapides pour la réalisation de diélectriques ultra-minces sur silicium. Caractérisation par spectroellipsométrie“. Lyon, INSA, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993ISAL0074.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThermal oxidation of silicon is the more important process for integrated circuit fabrication. The trend towards even smaller and faster devices has resulted in a demand for gate oxides of thickness of less the 10 nm. More recently, a growth technique at very high temperatures for oxidation times of a few second has been developed with the advent of Rapid Thermal Processing. Very thin oxides films were achieved by rapid thermal oxidation in pure 02 or N2O stagnant atmosphere. RTO films thickness and refractive index were obtained by spectroscopic ellipsometry spectroellipsometiy investigation of RTO films revealed a growth rate enhancement at the initial stage of oxidation and an oxidation refractive index higher than chose of standard Si02. It can be noted that for N 0 kinetics, the growth rate was lower than for 02 kinetics. Complementary analysis (Auger spectroscopy, electrical properties. . . ) confirm the high value of the refractive index and reveal an interfacial problem. These analysis allow to express hypothesis to explain the high refractive index (densified SiO2 films, presence of an interfacial SiOx films, excess of silicon at the interface) and the growth of the RTO oxide (volumetric growth)
Durand, Thibaut. „Stratégies analytiques pour la caractérisation physico-chimique des particules ultrafines métalliques. Application aux aérosols ultrafins générés lors de procédés thermiques (fonderie, projection thermique)“. Thesis, Pau, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PAUU3057/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleExpositions to nanoparticles (NPs) are known in industrial hygiene for a long time. Either from primary or secondary sources (industrial processes), these particles have specific properties which imply different toxicities compared to larger particles (micrometric) from the same material. Therefore NPs study requires adapted sampling and analytical technique development and more specifically methods allowing to access relevant information other than total dust mass. The latter seems not be sufficient for toxic effect assessment. Thus, this work has been conducted in order to dispose of analytical methods dedicated to NPs and especially on size-dependent particle chemical analysis. Then, the developed methods have been applied on samples collected either from industrial sites and/or processes (smelter, thermal projection), either from NP generation bench
Rakotoarisoa, Zolalaina. „Prédiction du comportement environnemental des résidus de procédés thermiques (RPT) utilisés comme matériaux de travaux publics“. Lyon, INSA, 2003. http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2003ISAL0060/these.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis study aims, on the one hand, to the installation of methodological tools (tests, prediction models) for the evaluation of the environmental behaviour of porous wastes/materials in percolant scenarios, and with the evaluation of the environmental behaviour of two coal fly-ashes in fill scenario, on the other hand. A methodology of evaluation of long-term leaching behaviour, in percolant scenario is proposed. It is carried out through a physico-chemical characterisation of waste (cheimical and mineralogical composition, the study of the dissolution kinetics, the influence of pH on species solubilisation, the effect of ratio L/S) and with the identification of the various pollutants transfer mechanisms using leaching tests to know hydrology on the ground pilot (column percolation tests in laboratory, tracing tests to know hydrology on the ground). The forecast of the behaviour in scenario is based on mineralogical models (geochemical), matter transfer models on the scale of the laboratory and the ground, and a powerful coupling geochemistry-transport. The validation of the assumptions material evolution and the models was carried out through the study of compacted ashes lysimeters
Zinet, Matthieu. „Modélisation de la cristallisation des polymères dans les procédés de plasturgie : quantification des effets thermiques et rhéologiques“. Phd thesis, INSA de Lyon, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00555771.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDuquesne, Sophie. „Etude des procédés d'ignifugation de substrats polymères par revêtements intumescents : application aux polyuréthanes“. Lille 1, 2001. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/2001/50376-2001-Duquesne.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleConcernant le système PU/EG, une faible modification du processus de carbonisation naturelle du PU est observée. La caractérisation du processus de carbonisation, menée selon une approche physique met en évidence une aptitude à la déformation de la structure carbonée formée par dégradation du revêtement PU/APP. Aucours d'un incendie, cette structure va donc se déformer plutôt que de se fissurer et ainsi permettre un maintien des performances RF. Dans le cas du système PU/EG, l'épaisseur importante, la faible densité et, comme il est possible de le supposer la faible conductivité thermique du bouclier intumescent permettent de comprendre le mode d'action de l'EG
Maisonnette, Daniel. „Influences mécaniques et métallurgiques de procédés haute température sur un alliage d'aluminium 6061-T6“. Lyon, INSA, 2010. http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2010ISAL0006/these.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe thesis work is part of the actions of early qualification of a pressure vessel in the RJH (Jules Horowitz Reactor). This vessel is made of aluminium alloy 6061-T6. This is an age hardening allow whose mechanical properties are closely related to the precipitation state in the material. Tensile tests were used to measure the evolution of the mechanical properties of the material previously subjected to thermal loading representative of an electron beam welding operation (EB welding). Tests were conducted at room temperature and at high temperature. Then metallurgical observations by small Angle Neutron Scattering (SANS) and by Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) gave the size and the volume fraction of precipitates. The results of these campaigns improved our understanding of the mechanical properties and evolution with thermal history. Furthermore, these experiments were used to develop a metallurgical model to forecast the characteristics of the precipitation state. A model was linked to a hardening model for the calculation of the yield strength of the material after various thermal loading. A phenomenological mechanical model was also developed to represent the behaviour of a structure subjected to thermal loading
Barthet, Lucile. „Contribution à l'évaluation de l'impact sur les écosystèmes de la valorisation de résidus de procédés thermiques en BTP“. Lyon, INSA, 2003. http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2003ISAL0090/these.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleFor several years, Municipal Solid Waste Incineration (MSWI) bottom ash and coal fly ash have been reused in civil engineering. Although their physicochemical characteristics are very studied, the toxicity of these materials is the issue of few works. This study aims at contributing to the evaluation of the impact on the ecosystems of the valorisation of these residues of thermal processes (RTP) in road engineering. We have compared the potential toxicity of MSWI bottom ash resulting from traditional collection and MSWI bottom ash resulting from selective collection. Since physicochemical parameters of MSWI bottom ash weathering is quite important, we will see the effect of artificial carbonation on the potential toxicity. We have chosen to work with whole-cell microorganisms from the compartment of the producers (algae: Chlorella vulgaris) and from the compartment of the decomposers (yeasts: Saccharomyces cerevisiae). The use of tests using global metabolism (algae growth) and more specific tests (enzymatic activities) have allowed to compare the potential toxicity of MSWI bottom ash resulting from traditional collection and MSWI bottom ash resulting from selective collection. These bioassays have shown that artificial carbonation may decrease the potential toxicity of these MSWI bottom ash. The behavior of coal fly ash used in various scenarios of pilots of road has also been revealed. The developemnt of an optical biosensor with immobilized whole cells will enable on line and in-situ monitoring of pollutants salting out MSWI bottom ash and coal fly-ash from pilots of roads
Ohanessian, Kelly. „Optimisation de filières de traitement des eaux résiduaires industrielles par couplage de procédés physico-chimiques, thermiques et biologiques“. Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AIXM0368.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe modeling, simulation and optimization of different industrial wastewater treatment processes using the process coupling method were studied in order to compare their purification performances and to evaluate the associated energy and economic expenses. Three effluents characteristic of the microelectronic industry have been selected as example. As a first step, a bibliographic study allowed to determine the input data for each of the streams studied (flow rates, composition) as well as the conventional treatment methods used. The conventional treatment processes for the three effluents were then simulated on ProSimPlus®. Depending on the available functionalities of the software (modules, components, thermodynamic model), some processes have been modeled and/or developed on physical, chemical and kinetic data from the literature. In a second step, new treatment streams were proposed for each of the effluents considered. New processes were modeled and then simulated on ProSimPlus®. Depending on the effluent considered, the different couplings refined the treatment thus allowing to reach the discharge limits set in a natural environment or in a sensitive zone to eutrophication, but also to reduce reagents and energy consumption, validating the interest of the couplings. Also, the valorization of by-products has resulted in a significant saving on investment costs
Saillard, Raphaëlle. „Phénomènes thermiques sous champ micro-ondes dans les procédés de synthèse organique : application à la réaction de Diels-Alder“. Toulouse, INPT, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995INPT046G.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSalame, Sahar. „Méthodologie de conception de l'architecture d'intégration énergétique des procédés variables incluant des stockages thermiques et des systèmes de conversion d'énergie“. Thesis, Paris, ENMP, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ENMP0087/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMany heat integration methods were developed to achieve high-energy efficiency in industry. Most of them are dedicated to continuous processes. However, statistics show that 50 % of processes are variable or batch. Hence: how to energetically integrate variable or batch processes including heat storages and energy conversion systems while minimizing the consumed exergy in the process? How to design utilities while considering the constraints on the energy network like the fluctuation of energy prices (imposed to reduce the energy consumption on peak hours) and the energy availability (resulting from the use of renewable energies)?The first part of the thesis presents the model to design the optimal architecture of heat integration in discontinuous processes including heat storages and energy conversion systems (heat pumps, tri-thermal machines, ORC etc.). This model allows the design of heat storages. The capacity and temperatures of energy conversion systems are also determined using this model. The objective is to reduce the consumed exergy in the process.The second part present the model for utilities design taking into account the real behavior of those under part load conditions or under constraints imposed by the network. It is an economic optimization
Prevors, Lionel. „Application de la radiothermométrie micro-ondes à la mesure de gradients thermiques au sein des procédés de transformation des polymères“. Lille 1, 1996. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/1996/50376-1996-418.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleNicolaï, Julien. „Caractérisation, compréhension et modélisation de l'évolution des défauts induits par des cycles thermiques dans le silicium“. Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AIXM4305/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSilicon is the prefered material of the Microelectronics industry. The increase of its cost incited the industries to optimize the use of wafers. Recycling them thus became current : it is the case for test wafers or SOI wafers. However, recycling presents limits : during the cycles, wafers quality decreases more or less quickly. Impact of process cycles on wafers quality is thus very important. High-temperature annealing is the most detrimental process. To understand what phenomena are involved during annealing cycles, samples which have been cycled were studied by differents techniques. LST and TEM were quite particularly used, coupling global measurements of defects density and size with local measurements to determine defects characteristics. Interstitial oxygen loss during cycles were measured by FTIR. We found that every cycle is composed by a defects nucleation stage, mainly precipitates of silicon oxide, and a growth stage. The determination of morphology and precipitates stoichiometry was realized. The behavior of these precipitates was described by a model taking into account various phenomena : oxygen loss, point defects distribution and cycles effects (ramp up/down and high-temperature stage). The robustness of the model was also tested by comparing the predictions made with the results taken from the bibliography
Kaabi, Abderrahmen. „Substrat architecturé et brasure composite sans plomb pour l'électronique de puissance des véhicules électriques ou hybrides : conception et procédés“. Phd thesis, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2011. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00626665.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleCrattelet, Jonathan. „Conception et réalisation d'un microsystème pour la mesure d'encrassement organique, minéral et biologique dans les procédés - : intégration des régimes thermiques périodiques“. Thesis, Toulouse, INSA, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010ISAT0028.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn industrial processes including agro and bioprocess, fouling is considered to be a complex and misunderstood phenomenon. Unit operations (including heat, mass and momentum transfers) are carried out in continuous, batch or fed-batch processes. During these operations, the products may evolve (chemical and biochemical reactions, microorganisms growth and activity, etc.) and fouling may occur with a wide range of kinetics from minutes up to years and dimensions from micrometers up to centimeters. Research issued from INRA led to develop a fouling sensor based on local differential thermal analysis and to patent this system. The device enables on-line and continuous monitoring of fouling propensity. Neosens company acquired an exclusive licence and develop and commercialize the sensor whose operating limits are known. In this work, our scientific and technological objectives are to break new locks through: (i) the realization of a fouling sensor based on microsystems technologies, (ii) the investigation and validation of an alternative thermal working mode and a method for fouling monitoring. Based on the previous work, our research deals with conception, realisation and integration of components based on microsystems technologies, integration of permanent and periodic thermal regimes with on-line data treatment and experimental validation at laboratory, pilot-plant and industrial scales for new geometries and configurations.This work led to metrology improvement and reliability. The resulting microsensor seems to be a complement of previous sensor regarding detection and quantification limits
Fofana, Siaka. „Contribution à la conception d'un système informatique d'aide à la valorisation des rejets thermiques des procédés discontinus : application à l'ennoblissement textile“. Mulhouse, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989MULH0123.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleCampo, Eric. „Procédés thermiques rapides RTA,O : Applications à la réalisation de transistors à films minces de silicium déposés à partir de disilane“. Toulouse, INSA, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993ISAT0012.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleTriwong, Peeteenut. „Modélisation numérique 3D des phénomènes couplés dans les procédés d'élaboration par induction : couplage faible et couplage fort“. Phd thesis, Grenoble INPG, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00402097.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleTriwong, Peeteenut. „Modélisation numérique 3D des phénomènes couplés dans les procédés d'élaboration par induction : couplage faible et couplage fort“. Phd thesis, Grenoble INPG, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008INPG0069.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleNumerical modelling is a particularly competitive instrument to optimize and acquire a good technique 1 induced pro cesses of elaboration. Ln This processes three physical phenomena get involved: electromagn thermal and hydrodynamic. Variation of one of three influences the two others. We constructed a numel modelling 3D on the coupling of both numerical methods: the integral method for electromagnetism and the f element method for the thermal and hydrodynamics. Two approaches of coupling were implemented: v coupling and strong coupling. The multi-method MALICE3D package was developed to resolve problems in s and dynamic regime. It is provided with a library of algorithms of weak coupling between the integral metho MIGEN and the finite element method of FLUX-EXPERT. MIGEF software is developed within MIGEN to m problems magneto thermal strong coupled. Both phenomena are represented in the same system of non Ii equation
Carpentier, Fabien. „Procédés de formulation de polymères hautement chargés : application à un copolymère éthylène-acétate de vinyle“. Lille 1, 2000. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/RESTREINT/Th_Num/2000/50376-2000-53.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDu solide ont ete developpees afin de determiner les correlations structure/proprietes retard au feu et de mettre en avant l'importance du procede de mis en uvre. L'utilisation du calorimetre a cone en tant que reacteur feu couple a la caracterisation rmn des residus a montre une evolution de leur structure. L'etude rheologique de ces formulations a permis d'expliquer cette evolution et de proposer une explication de l'effet de synergie. La thermogravimetrie differentielle a mis en evidence les differentes interactions entre les trois composes au cours de la degradation. Les formulations ont ete traitees de maniere isothermique puis caracterisees par des techniques spectroscopiques courantes (drx, ir, rmn 1h, 1 3c, 1 1b a l'etat solide) et des techniques spectroscopiques originales (rmn 2 5mg et 6 7zn a l'etat solide). Ces etudes spectrochimiques attestent de la presence de deux interactions au cours de la degradation conduisant a l'explication du mecanisme d'action de ce borate de zinc
Briffaz, Aurélien. „Étude expérimentale et modélisation des transferts de matière couplés aux transitions thermiques de l'amidon au cours de la cuisson du riz“. Thesis, Montpellier, SupAgro, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013NSAM0010.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleRice is the staple of over half the world's population. Controlling cooked rice texture attributes (firmness, stickiness) implies to master its physicochemical properties which vary with cooking conditions and are the result of transfers and reactions. To achieve this goal, the understanding and modelling of the phenomena involved in rice cooking are needed. In this context, two complementary approaches have been used on two round Korean rice Chil-bo and Chu-cheong cultivars (both white and brown) cooked in excess water at 50, 75 and 95°C. The first step aimed to fully describe rice starch thermal transitions. Laws were developed giving the level of starch gelatinization τ and of amylose-lipid complex fusion φ as a function of water content and temperature (DSC). A state diagram was also built, and gelatinization front kinetics was determined by microscopy for 75°C and 95°C cooking temperatures. The kinetic study of water uptake (gravimetry) as well as soluble amylose leaching (colorimetry) during rice cooking revealed the positive effect of these transitions on rice grain hydration speed, water absorption capacity, and soluble amylose availability. To integrate this property, a law was formulated to predict equilibrium water content in rice grain. These transitions had also a strong destabilizing effect on rice grain structure as observed by microscopy. This leads ultimately to rice peripheral erosion that was evidenced for the first time. In the case of brown rice, a lugol staining method allowed to observe the rice pericarp rupturing while being cooked at 75°C. The second step consisted of the modelling of theses phenomena being in interaction. Two 1D models coupling mass transport, starch thermal transitions and deformations (swelling and erosion) have been developed. An original concept considering two water populations according to starch state (native or gelatinized) was formulated. All the models were validated on experimental water uptake, soluble amylose, surface erosion and gelatinization front kinetics both for white and brown rice which shows their robustness. Moreover, predicted water content and gelatinization profiles reflected satisfactorily firmness and stickiness of cooked rice. This shows that the models can be potentially used for a better control of texture. A 2D or 3D modelling would improve model prediction capacity
Lecointe, Damien. „Caractérisation et simulation des processus de transferts lors d'injection de résine pour le procédé RTM“. Phd thesis, Université de Nantes, 1999. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00528926.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBaloul, Yasmine. „Contribution à l’étude du traitement de résidus médicamenteux dans les milieux aqueux par plasmas non thermiques. Application au paracétamol et à l’ésoméprazole“. Thesis, Orléans, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018ORLE2008/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMany drug molecules are not effectively treated by conventional techniques used in wastewater treatment plants and accumulate in natural environments. The objective of this thesis was to develop an advanced oxidation process using a non-thermal plasma generated by electric discharge for the treatment of drug molecules (paracetamol and esomeprazole). The NTP treatments were carried out using two reactors: a multiple needle-to-plate reactor with the plasma in direct contact with the liquid to be treated and a wire-cylinder reactor with the plasma up stream of the liquid to be treated. Conversion rates higher than 80% have been obtained with energy yields, which can reach 8 g/kWh and 39 g/kWh for paracetamol and esomeprazole, respectively. The electrical discharge created between the need leand the liquid has been characterized by optical emission spectroscopy to observe the presence of the oxidative species produced by the plasma and to estimate the temperature of the ionized medium. The species produced in the liquid during the degradation of paracetamol and esomeprazole have been identified by the HRMS technique. The produced species, are mainly carboxylic acids as well as nitrogen products. The identification of production pathways for the formation of the main products has been studied particularly using numerous chemical methods such as HPLC/MS, MS/MS, and different labelling of paracetamol. It has been proven that the main carboxylic acids produced come from the breaking of the aromatic ring. In conclusion, this study allowed us to obtain energy efficiencies of treatment of the two study molecules comparable to those found in literature, and especially to establish a pathways of degradation of paracetamol
Duquenne, Cyril. „Procédés plasmas pour l'optimisation des matériaux intervenant dans le management thermique et la passivation de composants de puissance hyperfréquences à base de GaN et AlGaN“. Phd thesis, Université de Nantes, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00457286.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDelchier, Nicolas. „Devenir des folates au cours de la transformation des végétaux verts : identification des points clés et des mécanismes“. Phd thesis, Université d'Avignon, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00858359.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleParaiso, Kolani. „Modélisation et simulation numérique de l’élaboration du verre dans les procédés de vitrification des déchets nucléaires de haute activité“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021SORUS401.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe calcination-vitrification process has been used in France for over 30 years for the containment of high level nuclear waste arising from the spent fuel reprocessing. The use of numerical tools has proved to be essential for the process understanding and optimization. In the past ten years,numerical simulation works on the thermal, hydraulic and electromagnetic aspects involved in the vitrification process have been carried out in the context of the cold crucible development, a new type of furnace commissioned in 2010. As a continuation of these studies, the objective of the phd work is to add to the existing simulations, a modeling of the chemical aspects taking place during the nuclear glass synthesis, especially during the feeding with glass frit and calcine. In this perspective, a kinetic modeling of the reaction mechanism has been proposed based on data from thermal analyses. The coupling of this model with the magneto-thermo-hydraulic simulation tools was implemented and validated based on tests carried out at the mock-up scale and data from the industrial scale. Particular attention has been paid to identifying the nature of chemical reactions
Scaringella-Guerritat, Yohann. „Contribution à l'optimisation des propriétés des revêtements utilisés pour la protection des moules en fonderie d'aluminium : Mise en évidence des caractéristiques influant sur la durée de vie et étude de procédés alternatifs pour l'application“. Thesis, Limoges, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LIMO0095.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMontupet is specialized in the manufacture of aluminium foundry components for the automotive industry. The metallic molds used for aluminium cylinder heads are protected by a specific coating called die coating. The main objective of this die coating is to protect the steel tool from chemical corrosion of the liquid alloy. Because of its thermal properties, another of its aims is the adjustment of the thermal exchanges between the mold and the solidifying aluminium, which strongly affects the final microstructure of the alloy. The process used nowadays to coat the die coating on the steel mold walls consists in spraying manually a suspension. However, this process does not allow to obtain reproducible characteristics of the coated layers necessary to control the local solidification gradients. Furthermore, the current tools suffer from the inadequate protection of the die coating, which leads to premature wear resulting in important costs and a decrease of the efficiency of the industrial tool. In the frame of the PROOF project, aiming in the automatisation of the die coating projection, several objectives were set: better know what should be the physico-chemical properties of the die coating and realize a technological jump by creating a long-life or even permanent coating. Firstly, this work shows a complete characterization of the physico-chemical state of the suspensions used nowadays as well as the study of their behavior during spraying. Then, once the coatings were produced by Air Plasma Spraying (APS), it appeared necessary to compare their thermal properties to the ones measured on the die coatings. Hence, thermal diffusivity values have been measured. Afterwards thermal conductivity of the studied coatings have been calculated and finally experimentally checked. Eventually, this work shows the tools developed within the company in order to test the plasma coatings and to check their thermal and chemical compatibility to the process of aluminium casting. These trials in real or semi-real conditions allow the efficiency comparison of the whole studied coatings
Redolfi, Michaël. „Etude de l' Oxydation de différents types d'hydrocarbures par des procédés utilisant des techniques de déharges électriques non- thermiques à pression atmosphérique: application à la problématique du démarrage à froid“. Phd thesis, Université Paris-Nord - Paris XIII, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00358147.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleYousef, Soleiman. „Etude d'estimations d'erreur a posteriori et d'adaptivité basée sur des critères d'arrêt et raffinement de maillages pour des problèmes d'écoulements multiphasiques et thermiques. Application aux procédés de récupération assistée d'huile“. Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00918782.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleKlett, Charles. „Etude de la dégradation d'un composé organique volatil modèle, l'acétaldéhyde, par des procédés diphasiques utilisant des techniques de décharges électriques non-thermiques à pression atmosphérique couplées à un lit fixe“. Paris 13, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA132037.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe objective of this thesis Is to explore the opportunities brought by the use of a diphasic process combining an electrical discharge at atmospheric pressure and a catalytic packed bed for the degradation of a volatile organic compound: the acetaldehyde. Initially, we showed that It was possible to degrade this pollutant using such corona discharges, in a gaseous oxygen-poor environment. The main oxidation products are CO and C02. Using a kinetic model of pollutant degradation, coupled with a model describing the physical processes of the discharge, we showed that the main degradation pathway of acetaldehyde, involving metastable states of nitrogen. We have studied a second time degradation of the pollutant in a two-phase reactor, composed of beads of Si02 or AI203 immersed in a plasma. We showed that the heterogeneous chemistry processes in surfaces of the pellets played a vital role In the performance evaluation of the process. The use of a bed composed of AI203 beads allowed us to observe a further mineralization of byproducts. Experiments of adsorption and surface reactivity of certain products have allowed us to demonstrate the oxidation of carbon monoxide on alumina in the presence of ozone. Catalysts (MnO 2, Ag or nanoparticules of Ti02) were deposited on alumina. We observed significant improvements in the degradation and mineralization
Yousef, Soleiman. „Etude d’estimations d’erreur a posteriori et d’adaptivité basée sur des critères d’arrêt et raffinement de maillages pour des problèmes d’écoulements multiphasiques et thermiques : Application aux procédés de récupération assistée d’huile“. Paris 6, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA066616.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe goal of this thesis is the a posteriori error analysis and the conception of adaptive strategies based on stopping criteria and local mesh refinement. We treat a class of multi-dimensional degenerate parabolic equations which represent typical examples of industrial interest. The considered models are discretized by a finite volume scheme in space with the backward Euler temporal stepping. We prove un upper bound for a dual norm of the residual, augmented by a nonconformity evaluation term, by fully computable error estimators. These estimators include: an estimator associated to the linearization error, an estimator associated to the algebraic error, an estimator associated to the temporal error, and an estimator associated to the spatial error. Consequently, these estimators allow to formulate an adaptive resolution algorithm where the corresponding errors can be equilibrated. We also propose a strategy of local mesh reffinement. Finally, we prove the efficiency of our a posteriori estimates. A numerical test illustrates the efficiency of our estimates and the performance of the adaptive algorithm. In particular, a significant gain in terms of the number of mesh cells, the total number of the iterations of the linearization method, and the total number of algebraic solver iterations is achieved on several real-life reservoir engineering examples
Kallel, Sami. „Elaboration et caractérisation de couches minces de silicium poly cristallin déposées par RT-LPCVD et dopées in situ au phosphore : application à la réalisation de cellules solaires par procédés thermiques rapides“. Lyon, INSA, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999ISAL0054.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe first part of this work consists on the study of silicon thin layer deposited by RT-LPCVD and doped in situ to the phosphorus in a reactor to halogens lamps and to cold-wall, from silane (SiH4) used as precursory gas and the phosphine (PH3) as doping source. We have studied these layers in a range of temperatures going from 600°C to 850°C (for a pressure of 2mbar) and we have put in obviousness the effect of the phosphine on the kinetic of deposit as well as on its physical properties (grain size, texture, residual stresses, resistivity). We have also shown that ulterior rapid thermal processing (RTA) favor an increase of the grain size, a relaxation of stresses and an improvement of the resistivity. In the second part of the work, we have applied rapid thermal processes for the realization of solar cells to weak thermal budget. In order that, we have studied and optimized each necessary stage for the realization of a such device : -1. The emitter (N+) obtained by the deposit RT-LPCVD doped in situ from (SiH4/PH3),-2. The passivation oxide obtained by rapid thermal oxidation (RTO),-3. The antireflet layer (Si3N4) deposited by RT-LPCVD from silane and the ammonia (NH3),-4. Metallic contacts deposited by evaporation. The first results obtained indicate an energy conversion of 1 0. 5%, a shortcircuit current density around 33. 5mA/cm2 and open-circuit voltage equal to 527mV
El, Bakali Abdelmagid. „Contribution à l’étude des échanges thermiques aux interfaces pour les procédés de formage à chaud : développement de moyens de mesure de l’émissivité et de la résistance thermique de contact (RTC) à haute température A fast and versatile method for spectral emissivity measurement at high temperatures“. Thesis, Ecole nationale des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020EMAC0004.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe present work deals with the high temperature heat transfers involved in sheet/die contact within hot forming processes. The investigated heat ranges lie between 600°C and 1000°C while the study materials are namely TA6V and Inconel 625 (for the sheet) and AISI 310 stainless steel and refractory concrete (for the die). Under such industrial configuration, the heat transfers can be split in two steps: i) a gap closing phase during which the radiative property of the contact pair prevail and ii) a solid contact phase during which the conductive properties are involved and more precisely the thermal contact resistance (TCR). This twostep approach allows a separate investigation of both phenomena which are herein studied by the mean of two dedicated experimental means: a) The gap closing phase is studied through an emissivity measurement setup dedicated to high temperature. The chosen setup is inspired from elliptical oven setups. Its features include a heating rate over 11°C/s and a maximal in-service temperature of 1250°C. The related measurement instruments selection and design are also part of the presented work. The metrological aspects along with the uncertainty quantification are performed through the use of a reference material: pure platinum. This latter has proven worthy by its ability to sustain very high temperature while remaining free from oxidation. In addition, platinum’s optical properties are well documented throughout the scientific literature which provides solid comparisons with other published results. Finally, the construction of an emissivity database is presented for the two sheet materials of the study: TA6V and INCONEL 625. b) The solid contact phase is studied through a second tailor made experimental setup dedicated to TCR measurements. The proposed features include the ability to study metal contact pair (AISI 310 vs. TA6V/INCONEL 625) or ceramic vs. metal contact (Concrete vs. TA6V/INCONEL 625) for temperature as high as 800°C. The whole setup can be inserted within a classical tensile device in order to load the contact interfaces at stress levels similar to those involved in metal forming processes (here up to 4MPa). In practice, a circular sample cut from the studied sheet metals is clasped in between two cylindrical bars made of AISI 310 or concrete. The upper bar is then heated up by the mean of a resistive oven in order to generate a directional heat flux throughout the material interfaces. A suited measurement instrumentation then allows the assessment of the TRC for each contact pair for temperature ranging from 450°C to 800°C and pressure ranging from 0.1MPa to 4MPa. The results obtained from these two setups have built up a material database that was then use to simulate industrial hot forming operations. The process parameters retrieved from these simulation were used as input in an actual forming process and has led to the successful manufacturing of four parts all of which satisfying the quality requirements in term of geometry and microstructure
Chauffeton, Christelle. „Étude et prospection physicochimique d'un pigment historique de la Manufacture Nationale de Sèvres : Le Bleu Thénard“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Paris sciences et lettres, 2021. https://pastel.hal.science/tel-04026781.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThrough its 280 years of existence, and the development of chemistry and mineralogy, the Manufacture de Sèvres has acquired an expertise in porcelain making and developed a unique colour palette. As part of this thesis, carried out in collaboration with the Manufacture, we studied one of its most iconic pigments: Thénard's Blue CoAl2O4. This spinel compound causes some coloration and instability problems when embedded in a porcelain glaze, which are still not fully understood today. We reproduced Thénard synthesis method, with compositions varying between CoAl2O4 and G-Al2O3 and studied their differences in terms of structure and reactivity in a low-fire glaze. The samples' crystalline structure was determined, highlighting the existence of two different spinel-type solid solutions Co1-xAl2+2x/3O4 with 0 < x < 0.45 et 0.85 < x < 1, separated by a two-phase domain where two spinel phases coexist: Co0.55Al2.3O4 and Co0.15Al2.57O4 (close to G-Al2O3). The latter is thermically unstable and leads to α alumina. The link between the structures, the inversion rates, the oxidation state of cobalt and the colour have been discussed.Concerning glazes, we observe a dissolution process followed by the recrystallization of stoichiometric CoAl2O4, independently from the initial composition of the pigment or the temperature. Quantitative analyses revealed that the two-phased pigments were the most spared ones, the "sacrifice" of the G-like phase, entirely dissolved, helping to preserve the pigment. Nonetheless, when used in too high proportions, this alumina reacts into Al4B2O9 crystals, causing a deleterious opacification.The presence of Co3+, within the stoichiometric pigments or the ones prepared at low temperature, causes a green/black coloration. However, we also noticed the oxidation of Co2+ into Co3+ when introducing the pigments into the glaze. XANES and DANES measurements were conducted to determine its environment, whether it is in the vitreous matrix or within the spinel pigment. We observed a difference in reactivity between G and A aluminas with the glaze. To better understand this phenomenon, glazes containing these aluminas in various proportions were prepared and analysed by X-Ray Diffraction and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance. Based on our results, we wanted to develop new colours for porcelain and synthesized CoZr4(PO4)6 and CuZr4(PO4)6 pigments
Samson, Hervé. „Formation d'enchaînements siloxanes par un procédé non hydrolytique“. Montpellier 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992MON20285.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleEwuame, Komi Atchou. „Analyse Expérimentale et Numérique des Contraintes Thermomécaniques Induites lors des Procédés Émergents de Fabrication de Puces Électroniques au moyen des Capteurs Embarqués“. Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PSLEM006/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleFor the thermomechanical stress assessment in silicon, piezoresistive sensors (in rosette) composed of 4nMOS and 4pMOS were developed and embedded into microelectronic products.The characteristic relations between piezoresistive, electrical and mechanical quantities were established.Piezoresistive quantities were identified thanks to a four-points bending calibration machine. This machine was designed and fabricated in the frame of this PhD and enables applying a known uniform uniaxial stress into silicon sample and then calculating the three piezoresistive coefficients.The sensors embedded into different technologies such as CMOS65, BiCMOS55, CMOS40, BSI140 and PIC25 were calibrated with this machine.These MOS sensors were used for studying stresses induced by TSV (CMOS65 technology), by packaging with 3D stacking (CMOS65 technology) and 2D stacking (BiCMOS55 technology).The results give stress components (σyy, σzz) which are not in a good agreement with simulation results. Electrical responses of the MOS oriented at 90° ([010] direction with respect to the x axis ([100] direction)) are questioned because the coefficients (π12) obtained from this MOS acts directly on the two components.In addition, stress variations in sensors area, as well as inter-chips and inter-wafers variabilities disturb the results.Integrated into the same test chip of the CMOS40 technology, different structures were studied, namely the MOS transistors, the bandgap structure and the poly-Si resistances which were also calibrated.For this technology, a study of thermomechanical stress induced by packaging revealed a significant impact on the output responses (MOS mobility, bandgap voltage). Through a minimization parametric study, this impact was reduced by controlling the geometrical dimensions of components and the material properties of the moulding compound.These results show that, MOS rosettes can be used as stress sensors but with a limited efficiency. The use of active resistances as stress sensors is therefore envisaged. However, these MOS can be used to study the impact of stresses on the chip operation