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Kitamura, N., S. Sento, M. Takahashi, J. Kunito, F. Hamada, R. Tomita, E. Sasabe und T. Yamamoto. „Clinical investigation on multiple primary oral cancers in Kochi Medical School Hospital“. Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 72, Nr. 9 (September 2014): e156-e157. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joms.2014.06.282.
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K. A., Rajeshwari, Geetha M. und Kiran B. „Prevalence and spectrum of pediatric dermatoses in school children: comparing hospital and school in rural Bangalore“. International Journal of Research in Dermatology 6, Nr. 6 (22.10.2020): 733. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/issn.2455-4529.intjresdermatol20203982.
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<p><strong>Background:</strong> Pediatric dermatoses are emerging distinct entities. The exact prevalence and pattern of dermatoses is not well known in India. This novel study attempts to simultaneously assess the prevalence and distribution of skin dermatoses in hospital and community among children of age 5-16 years in rural Bangalore, India.</p><p><strong>Methods:</strong> A cross sectional prospective descriptive study of one week duration in July 2019 was conducted in east point hospital and Government school in rural Bangalore in the vicinity.</p><p><strong>Results:</strong> The study had a total of 119 children, 72 from the hospital and 47 from the school with prevalence of dermatoses being 33.8% and 70% respectively (p<0.00001). Primary school children were most commonly affected. Non-infectious dermatoses were most common, more so in school with eczematous lesions predominating. Bacterial infectious dermatoses were found more frequently in hospital children, while parasitic infestations were encountered commonly in school. </p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Pediatric dermatosis seems to be widely prevalent in India. Children visiting hospitals constitute only the tip of the iceberg present in the community.</p>
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Djonovic, Nela, Caslav Milic, Sanja Kocic und Snezana Radovanovic. „Scoliosis in school children aged from 7 to 8 and conditions in primary and secondary schools in Kragujevac“. Medical review 62, Nr. 9-10 (2009): 445–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/mpns0910445d.
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Introduction. Scoliosis, a lateral curvature of the spine, is the most frequent deformity of the spinal column. It is additionally aggravated by the inadequate environmental conditions in schools, such as unadjusted furniture, teaching aids and most of all, school bag and bad lighting. Material and methods. This investigation was carried out during the years 2005 and 2006 on the territory of the city of Kragujevac and included school children attending 22 primary and 8 secondary schools, whose medical records were obtained from school children health centres, the counseling centre for scoliosis at the Orthopedic Department of the Hospital in Kragujevac and the Institute of Public Health in Kragujevac. Results. The statistical analysis of these data showed that a significantly higher number of children with scoliosis was detected in 2005, being ??=11.6, p<0.01 for primary schools. Scoliosis was more frequent in girls than in boys: in 2005 it was ??=10.54, p<0.01 and in 2006 ??=10.72, p<0.01 in primary schools, whereas no difference was found in secondary schools in 2005 -c2=4.14, p>0.05, but in 2006 scoliosis was more frequent in girls ??=49.51, p<0.01. Conclusion. Scoliosis is extremely important in both primary and secondary schools and therefore, it is necessary to intensify preventive systematic examinations of school children.
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Santelli, John, Anthony Kouzis und Susan Newcomer. „School-based health centers and adolescent use of primary care and hospital care“. Journal of Adolescent Health 19, Nr. 4 (Oktober 1996): 267–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1054-139x(96)00088-2.
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Eziyi, Josephine A. E., Olumayowa A. Oninla und Temitope O. Salawu. „Ear infections in primary school children of south western Nigeria“. International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery 4, Nr. 3 (26.04.2018): 608. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/issn.2454-5929.ijohns20181850.
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<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Prevalence of ear infections in primary school children in Nigeria is scarcely documented and available studies are mostly hospital based. The aim of this Community based study is to define the point prevalence of ear infections among school children.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> Using a multi- staged stratified sampling technique, 630 pupils aged 6-12years, attending Government owed primary schools in two local government areas in the South Western Nigeria were recruited for the application of a structured questionnaire, single examination and classification using their socioeconomic index. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Three hundred and seven (48.7%) were females and three hundred and twenty three (51.3%) were males. Chronic otitis media had the highest prevalence of 7.9%, followed by acute otitis media and otitis externa (3.2%) while otomycosis (1.6%) had the lowest. Majority of the infections were unilateral and more prevalent in the males. It was observed that all the ear infections were more prevalent in pupils from the low socioeconomic class although not statistically significant.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> These results shows that ear infections is still common in our primary schools and that socioeconomic status and sex of the pupils did not significantly affect the occurrence of these ear infections. There is a need to incorporate health education programme in schools to prevent ear infections and the attendant disabilities.</p>
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Roshan, NM, und B. Sakeenabi. „Anxiety in Children during Occlusal ART Restorations in Primary Molars Placed in School Environment and Hospital Dental Setup“. Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry 36, Nr. 4 (01.07.2012): 349–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.17796/jcpd.36.4.n77742x585742084.
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Objective: To evaluate the anxiety in children during occlusal atraumatic restorative treatment (ART) in the primary molars of children; and compare the anxiety for ART procedure performed in school environment and in hospital dental setup. Study design: A randomized controlled trial where One dentist placed 120 ART restorations in 60 five- to seven year-olds who had bilateral matched pairs of occlusal carious primary molars. A split-mouth design was used to place restorations in school and in hospital dental setup, which were assigned randomly to contralateral sides. Anxiety was evaluated by Modified Venhem score and the heart rate of the children at five fixed moments during dental treatment. Results: At the entrance of the children into the treatment room, statistically significant difference between treatment in school environment and treatment in hospital dental setup for venham score and heart rate could be found (P=0.023 and P=0.037 respectively). At the start of the treatment procedure higher venham score and heart rate was observed in children treated in hospital dental setup in comparison with the children treated in school environment , finding was statistically significant (P=0.011 and P=0.029 respectively). During all other three points of treatment, the Venham scores of the children treated in school were lower than those of the children treated in hospital dental setup but statistically not significant (P>0.05). Positive co-relation between Venham scores and Heart rate was established. No statistically significant relation could be established between boys and girls. Conclusions: Overall anxiety in children for ART treatment was found to be less and the procedure was well accepted irrespective of environment where treatment was performed. Hospital dental setup by itself made children anxious during entrance and starting of the treatment when compared to children treated in school environment.
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Laurence, Becca. „Sonic Postcards“. Leonardo Music Journal 16 (Dezember 2006): 75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/lmj.2006.16.75a.
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Sonic Postcard 1: From Chelsea Children's Hospital School, London, created by the pupils from the Collingham Gardens site, facilitated by Jo Lucas. Sonic Postcard 2: From Ashcott Primary School, Somerset, created by Sophie Hunt-Davison and Victoria Langford, facilitated by Tony Whitehead. Sonic Postcard 3: From Market Place Primary School, Aberdeenshire, created by class P6, facilitated by Pippa Murphy.
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Batawi, Hisham El, und Kausar Sadia Fakhruddin. „Patterns of dental caries among school children assessed using Caries Assessment Spectrum and Treatment tool“. European Journal of Dentistry 11, Nr. 02 (April 2017): 168–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/ejd.ejd_120_17.
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ABSTRACT Objective: The present study aimed to assess and monitor patterns of dental caries among primary and permanent molars using Caries Assessment Spectrum and Treatment (CAST) index and to evaluate integration of CAST tool into patient health information (PHI) system of a Teaching Dental Hospital. Materials and Methods: Dental records of n = 348 children, aged 7–9-years, attending University Dental Hospital Sharjah, for routine checkup and treatment as part of School Dental Program were assessed and translated into CAST codes. Dental caries prevalence for the second primary and first permanent molars were recorded. Spearman's correlation coefficient was used to assess the correlation of the status between primary and permanent molar. Results: CAST codes 0–2 were observed only in about 3% of primary and almost 5% in permanent dentition. The prevalence of children with diseased first permanent molar (codes 4–7) was almost 67%, while it was over 70% in second primary molars. A strong correlations were observed in the status between second primary and first permanent molars in the lower jaw on both right and left sides, r was 0.694 and 0.643 (P = 0.001), respectively. In the upper jaw, both right and left second primary molars revealed moderate correlation r = 0.435 (P ≤ 0.05) between disease stages with their neighboring permanent first molars. The unweighted kappa value for the intraexaminer reliability was 0.97 for second primary and 0.95 for first permanent molars. Conclusion: Our study recommends the integration of CAST tool in the PHI system where a simple numerical value can express clinical progress, overcome interruptions of treatment, and ensures continuity of patient care in teaching hospitals.
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Mary, Evelyn Rose, S. Velusamy, U. Meena und L. Lobithas. „Primary School Health Education: A Practical Project for a Small Hospital Community Health Department“. Tropical Doctor 19, Nr. 2 (April 1989): 50–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/004947558901900202.
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Essmat, Samia M., Omar S. El Safoury, Ghada M. El-Hanafy, Dalia A. Mohamed und Eman M. Rezk. „Pattern of skin diseases among preschool and primary school-aged children in Dermatology Damietta Hospital“. Journal of the Egyptian Womenʼs Dermatologic Society 11, Nr. 3 (September 2014): 181–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.ewx.0000445293.47715.45.
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Aramvanitch, Kasamon, Yuwares Sittichanbuncha, Panvilai Tangkulpanich und Jarupol Tuangsirisup. „Retraction: Learning Outcomes of Basic Life Support in Primary School Children (RAMAkids Club)“. Ramathibodi Medical Journal 42, Nr. 1 (18.03.2019): 29–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.33165/rmj.2019.42.1.132460.
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The following article, Aramvanitch K. Learning Outcomes of Basic Life Support in Primary School Children (RAMAkids Club), which was published on Ramathibodi Medical Journal, 2019;42(1):29-35, has been retracted. The reason given is that the study was conducted with unethical manners. The investigation has been conducted and decision has been made by the executive committee governing research integrity, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University on August 20, 2019.
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Taylor, Yhenneko, Hazel Tapp, Thomas Ludden, Lindsay Shade, Beth Burton, Cheryl Courtlandt, Michael Dulin und Kelly Reeves. „Evaluation of a Pilot Asthma Care Program for Electronic Communication between School Health and a Healthcare System’s Electronic Medical Record“. Applied Clinical Informatics 07, Nr. 04 (Oktober 2016): 969–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4338/aci-2016-02-ra-0022.
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SummaryObjective Asthma is a common childhood chronic lung disease affecting greater than 10% of children in the United States. School nurses are in a unique position to close gaps in care. Indeed, effective asthma management is more likely to result when providers, family, and schools work together to optimize the patient’s treatment plan. Currently, effective communication between schools and healthcare systems through electronic medical record (EMR) systems remains a challenge. The goal of this feasibility pilot was to link the school-based care team with primary care providers in the healthcare system network via electronic communication through the EMR, on behalf of pediatric asthma patients who had been hospitalized for an asthma exacerbation. The implementation process and the potential impact of the communication with providers on the reoccurrence of asthma exacerbations with the linked patients were evaluated.Methods By engaging stakeholders from the school system and the healthcare system, we were able to collaboratively design a communication process and implement a pilot which demonstrated the feasibility of electronic communication between school nurses and primary care providers. Outcomes data was collected from the electronic medical record to examine the frequency of asthma exacerbations among patients with a message from their school nurse. The percent of exacerbations in the 12 months before and after electronic communication was compared using McNemar’s test.ResultsThe pilot system successfully established communication between the school nurse and primary care provider for 33 students who had been hospitalized for asthma and a decrease in hospital admissions was observed with students whose school nurse communicated through the EMR with the primary care provider.Conclusions Findings suggest a collaborative model of care that is enhanced through electronic communication via the EMR could positively impact the health of children with asthma or other chronic illnesses.Citation: Reeves KW, Taylor Y, Tapp H, Ludden T, Shade LE, Burton B, Courtlandt C, Dulin M. Evaluation of a pilotasthma care program for electronic communication between school health and a healthcare system’s electronic medicalrecord.
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Nargis, Misbah, Nosheen Iftikhar, Shabir Ahmed, Waheed Ahmad, Mohammad Akram und Allah Nawaz Sultan. „Frequency of Anemia among Primary School Children Visiting the Paediatrics OPD of a Tertiary Care Hospital“. Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 15, Nr. 7 (26.07.2021): 1650–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs211571650.
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Background: In young children, Anemia is a common public health issue which significantly contribute in childhood morbidity and mortality. Anemia is associated with growth retardation, impaired cognition, decreased physical activity and contributor as a high national infant mortality rate. Aim: To determine the frequency of anemia in school going children presenting to OPD of a tertiary care hospital. Methods: A Cross Sectional Study conducted at Paediatric outpatient department of Sharif Medical City Lahore from 15.02.2018 to 14.08.2018. About 150 primary school children presenting to the Paediatric outpatient department of Sharif medical city Lahore for minor acute ailments and fulfilling the inclusion criteria were approached and an informed consent was taken from their parents before enrolling in the study. Results: From 150 patients , it was observed that the minimum age was 5 years and maximum age was 11 years with mean and standard deviation of the age was 8.10 ± 1.89 years. The minimum hemoglobin level was found as 7.8 gm/dL and maximum hemoglobin level was 14 gm/dL with mean and standard deviation was 12.47±1.62 gm/dL. The minimum body mass index was found as 10 kg/m2 and maximum BMI was 20 kg/m2 with mean and standard deviation was 15.52 ± 2.91 kg/m2. Presence of anemia was found in 14% patients while anemia was not found in 86% children. Conclusion: Presence of anemia was found in 14% primary school children presenting to the outpatient department of a sharif medical city Lahore, tertiary care hospital. Effect modifiers showed significant association. Keywords: Anemia,Hemoglobin Level, Body Mass Index, Socioeconomic Status.
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McFarland, Daniel Curtis, und Randall F. Holcombe. „Patient satisfaction with doctor and nurse communication varies with patient education level, age, gender, and primary language.“ Journal of Clinical Oncology 32, Nr. 30_suppl (20.10.2014): 198. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2014.32.30_suppl.198.
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198 Background: Hospital Consumer Assessments of Healthcare Providers and Systems (HCAHPS) surveys are used to enhance quality care. Non-random patient satisfaction variance is evident from HCAHPS scores which could be due to varying perception of quality care across demographically heterogeneous areas of the USA. Methods: HCAHPS, hospital bed, and county demographic data were obtained from the Hospital Compare, American Hospital Directory, and US Census Bureau websites, respectively. Multivariate regression modeling was performed for all ten dimensions of HCAHPS scores. Standardized partial regression coefficients were used to assess strengths of predictors (Table). Results: HCAHPS scores were obtained from 3,192 hospitals and demographic data collected from all 3,144 county or county equivalents. While most predictors were significant, ‘bachelor’s degree’ most strongly predicted for favorable satisfaction for MD communication and ‘white alone percent’ most strongly predicted favorable satisfaction for RN communication. Age (over 65), non-English speaking, female, average household size and high school education predicted worse satisfaction with both MD and RN communication. Conclusions: In conclusion, a communication quality gap exists for less educated, non-white, elderly, non-English speaking and female sections of the population. Research should focus on enhancing delivery of quality communication for these subpopulations. [Table: see text]
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Erturgut, Pınar, und Ramazan Erturgut. „Stress and academic self esteem in primary school children who applied to the hospital: A research in pediatric hospitals in Turkey“. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 2, Nr. 2 (2010): 1200–1204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2010.03.172.
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Nduagubam, Obinna Chukwuebuka. „Socio-Economic Status and Intelligence Quotient of primary school-aged children with asthma“. Medical Science and Discovery 6, Nr. 10 (19.10.2019): 257–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.36472/msd.v6i10.308.
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Objective: Intelligence Quotient is said to be more variable in childhood and is thought to be influenced by the socio-economic status of the families of children. This aim of this study was to determine the relationship between socio-economic class and Intelligence Quotient (IQ) of primary school children with asthma and to compare with those of children without.
Material and Methods: One hundred and twenty children with asthma (subjects) aged 5 – 11 years were consecutively recruited at the asthma clinic of University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital Ituku/Ozalla, Enugu State, Nigeria and their age- , sex and socio-economic class (SEC) - matched normal classmates were enrolled as controls from their schools. Their SEC was obtained using the tool described by Oyedeji while their academic performance was obtained from their schools using their scores over an academic session. Their Intelligence Quotient (IQ) was determined using the Draw-A-Person- test. The relationship between SEC and Intelligence Quotient of children with asthma was determined and was compared with that of the 120 controls.
Results: There was no significant difference between the IQ of the Subjects and Control in the different Socio-economic Classes. IQ has no significant correlation (Spearman’s) with SEC in both Subjects (r = 0.115; p = 0.21) and Controls (r = 0.082; p = 0.38). No significant difference exists in the IQ of children with asthma across the different socio-economic classes.
Conclusion: The IQ of children with asthma is not influenced by their Socio-Economic status.
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Aschale, Awoke, Metadel Adane, Melaku Getachew, Kebede Faris, Daniel Gebretsadik, Tadesse Sisay, Reta Dewau et al. „Water, sanitation, and hygiene conditions and prevalence of intestinal parasitosis among primary school children in Dessie City, Ethiopia“. PLOS ONE 16, Nr. 2 (03.02.2021): e0245463. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0245463.
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Background Intestinal parasitosis is a major public health problem that affects the health of primary school children in low- and middle-income countries where water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) conditions are deficient. Since there is a paucity of information on the prevalence and associated factors of this problem among primary school children in Dessie City in Ethiopia, this study was designed to address these gaps. Methods A school-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 407 stratified-sampled primary school children in five primary schools at Dessie City from April to June 2018. Data were collected using a pretested structured questionnaire, an observation checklist and laboratory analysis of stool samples. Stool specimen from each study participant was collected using clean, properly labeled and leak-proof stool cup. A portion of stool from each study participant collected sample was processed using saline wet mount technique and examined by microscope. The remaining specimens were preserved with 10% formalin and transported to Dessie Comprehensive Specialized Hospital laboratory to be processed by using formol-ether concentration technique. Then, slide smears were prepared from each processed stool specimen and finally, it was microscopically examined with 10x as well as 40x objectives for the presence or absence of intestinal parasites. Factors significantly associated with intestinal parasitosis were determined using binary logistic regression model at 95% CI (confidence interval). Thus, bivariate (COR [crude odds ratio]) and multivariable (AOR [adjusted odds ratio]) logistic regression analyses were carried out. From the multivariable analysis, variables having a p-value of less than 0.05 were declared as factors significantly associated with intestinal parasitosis among primary school children. Main findings The overall prevalence of intestinal parasitosis was found to be 16.0% (95% CI: 12.5–19.4%), of these, 50.8% were positive for protozoa, 32.2% for helminth infections and 16.9% for double co-infections. Entamoeba histolytica was the most prevalent parasite (29.2%), followed by Giardia lamblia (21.5%), Ascaris lumbricoides (18.5%), Hymenolepis nana (9.2%) and Enterobius vermicularis (4.6%). Prevalence rates were similar among government (16.3%) and private (15.7%) school children. Water consumption was less than 5 liters per capita per day in 4 of the 5 schools. Thirty-eight (9.3%) of primary school students reported that they practiced open defecation. About two-thirds (285, 70.0%) said they always washed their hands after defecation. Mother’s education (illiterate) (AOR = 3.3; 95% CI: 1.20–9.37), father’s education (illiterate) (AOR = 3.9; 95% CI: 1.40–10.82), fathers who could read and write (AOR = 3.3; 95% CI: 1.25–7.86), handwashing before meal (sometimes) (AOR = 2.2; 95% CI: 1.11–4.17) and poor knowledge of WASH (AOR = 9.3; 95% CI: 2.17–16.70) were statistically associated with presence of intestinal parasitic infections. Conclusion We concluded that the prevalence of intestinal parasitosis in the study area among Grades 4–8 primary school children had public health significance. Factors significantly associated with intestinal parasitosis among primary school children’s were illiterate mothers and fathers, irregular handwashing of children before meals, and poor knowledge of WASH. Health education to improve students’ WASH knowledge and mass deworming for parasites are recommended as preventive measures; and improvements to the quality of WASH facilities in primary schools are strongly recommended to support these measures.
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Walsh, Sebastian, Avirup Chowdhury, Vickie Braithwaite, Simon Russell, Jack Michael Birch, Joseph L. Ward, Claire Waddington et al. „Do school closures and school reopenings affect community transmission of COVID-19? A systematic review of observational studies“. BMJ Open 11, Nr. 8 (August 2021): e053371. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-053371.
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ObjectivesTo systematically reivew the observational evidence of the effect of school closures and school reopenings on SARS-CoV-2 community transmission.SettingSchools (including early years settings, primary schools and secondary schools).InterventionSchool closures and reopenings.Outcome measureCommunity transmission of SARS-CoV-2 (including any measure of community infections rate, hospital admissions or mortality attributed to COVID-19).MethodsOn 7 January 2021, we searched PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, CINAHL, the WHO Global COVID-19 Research Database, ERIC, the British Education Index, the Australian Education Index and Google, searching title and abstracts for terms related to SARS-CoV-2 AND terms related to schools or non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs). We used the Cochrane Risk of Bias In Non-randomised Studies of Interventions tool to evaluate bias.ResultsWe identified 7474 articles, of which 40 were included, with data from 150 countries. Of these, 32 studies assessed school closures and 11 examined reopenings. There was substantial heterogeneity between school closure studies, with half of the studies at lower risk of bias reporting reduced community transmission by up to 60% and half reporting null findings. The majority (n=3 out of 4) of school reopening studies at lower risk of bias reported no associated increases in transmission.ConclusionsSchool closure studies were at risk of confounding and collinearity from other non-pharmacological interventions implemented around the same time as school closures, and the effectiveness of closures remains uncertain. School reopenings, in areas of low transmission and with appropriate mitigation measures, were generally not accompanied by increasing community transmission. With such varied evidence on effectiveness, and the harmful effects, policymakers should take a measured approach before implementing school closures; and should look to reopen schools in times of low transmission, with appropriate mitigation measures.
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Ma, Yue, Yujuan Gao, Yue Wang, Haoyang Li, Lina Ma, Jiangchao Jing, Yaojiang Shi, Hongyu Guan und Nathan Congdon. „Impact of a Local Vision Care Center on Glasses Ownership and Wearing Behavior in Northwestern Rural China: A Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial“. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 15, Nr. 12 (08.12.2018): 2783. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15122783.
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Visual impairment is common among rural Chinese children, but fewer than a quarter of children who need glasses actually own and use them. To study the effect of rural county hospital vision centers (VC) on self-reported glasses ownership and wearing behavior (primary outcome) among rural children in China, we conducted a cluster-randomized controlled trial at a VC in the government hospital of Qinan County, a nationally-designated poor county. All rural primary schools (n = 164) in the county were invited to participate. Schools were randomly assigned to either the treatment group to receive free vision care and eyeglasses, if needed, or control group, who received glasses only at the end of the study. Among 2806 eligible children with visiual impairment (visual acuity ≤ 6/12 in either eye), 93 (3.31%) were lost to follow-up, leaving 2713 students (45.0% boys). Among these, glasses ownership at the end of the school year was 68.6% among 1252 treatment group students (82 schools), and 26.4% (p < 0.01) among 1461 controls (82 schools). The rate of wearing glasses was 55.2% in the treatment group and 23.4% (p < 0.01) among the control group. In logistic regression models, treatment group membership was significantly associated with spectacle ownership (Odds Ratio [OR] = 11.9, p < 0.001) and wearing behavior (OR = 7.2, p < 0.001). County hospital-based vision centers appear effective in delivering childrens’ glasses in rural China.
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Suthar, Apurva H., und Nishant D. Solanki. „Analytic study risk of dry eye in smartphone users in primary school children at tertiary hospital centre“. MedPulse International Journal of Ophthalmology 12, Nr. 1 (2019): 05–09. http://dx.doi.org/10.26611/10091212.
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Micetich, Kenneth Craig. „Reflection of an IRB Chair“. Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 3, Nr. 4 (1994): 506–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0963180100005387.
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I have been a member of the Loyola University of Chicago, Medical Center Institutional Review Board (IRB) for 12 years and Chair for the last 4 years. The Medical Center Campus is a full-service academic medical center, providing tertiary and primary care to Chicago and its western suburbs. The campus houses a 520bed hospital, outpatient facilities, a cancer center, the graduate medical sciences, a nursing school, and the Loyola University Stritch School of Medicine.
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Mansfield, Sir Peter, und Eric J. Roebuck. „Brian Stewart Worthington. 9 June 1938 — 9 December 2007“. Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society 59 (Januar 2013): 423–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbm.2013.0017.
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Brian Worthington was born into modest circumstances in Oldham and attended the local primary school, from which he moved to Hulme Grammar School, where he studied until he was 18 years of age. He was academically talented and attained the standard to enter university and indeed medical school with a scholarship to Guy’s Hospital in London. He graduated in physiology and medicine and was drawn towards radiology and in particular neuroradiology. He became a consultant for the Nottingham and Derby hospitals, but followed that with a university career as a Professor of Diagnostic Radiology at the University of Nottingham. He was a pioneer in clinical magnetic resonance imaging, for which he was honoured in many ways. Moreover, Brian Worthington was fascinated in all things Icelandic and became a fluent speaker in that language. With his wife Margaret and two sons, Andrew and Stuart, he maintained a close family relationship with his parents.
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Nuti, Camillo, Silvia Santini und Ivo Vanzi. „Damage, Vulnerability and Retrofitting Strategies for the Molise Hospital System following the 2002 Molise, Italy, Earthquake“. Earthquake Spectra 20, Nr. 1_suppl (Juli 2004): 285–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1193/1.1768541.
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The earthquake of October 31, 2002, inflicted moderate damage on the region of Molise in southern Italy. However, it attracted much attention because almost all the victims were children killed in the structural failure of their primary school. This paper focuses on a different, but equally important, structural type: hospitals. The earthquake left them largely untouched. In the paper we first give a detailed picture of the structural damage and of the organization of emergency operations. Then we try to give guidance about the most effective retrofitting strategies for the regional hospital system as a whole, following a methodology developed in Nuti and Vanzi (1998b), which has been adjusted for this case study. Depending on the community decision criteria, the hospitals of Campobasso and Bojano appear to have the highest priority for retrofitting, even though they were unscathed by the event.
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Ju, Connie, und Devra B. Becker. „Faculty Preferences in Clinical Education Recognition: A Survey of Faculty at 3 Institutions“. FACE 1, Nr. 1 (Juli 2020): 6–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2732501620949189.
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Purpose: Innovative studies have created proposals for measuring productivity using Relative Value Unit (RVU) or Educational Value Unit (EVU) systems, but little attention has been given to faculty preferences for rewarding educational activity. This study assesses perceptions of educational value and reward preferences for educational involvement of faculty at 3 different hospital systems affiliated with 1 medical school. Method: A 25-question electronic survey was sent to clinical faculty across 3 distinct hospital systems affiliated with a Midwestern medical school in spring 2015. Results were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test and free text comments were reviewed for common themes. Results: A total of 4325 surveys were distributed and 361/467 (77%) of the surveys opened were completed for an overall response rate of 8%. Of the respondents 55% were employed by the primary affiliate hospital. Most respondents believed some method of recognition for educational activities should be in place at their institution. Overall, clinical faculty believed their own hospital systems valued education less than the school of medicine and their departments did. Most faculty gave highest preference for academic recognition, reduction in RVU requirements, or an adoption of an EVU system. Conclusion: Most faculty preferred reduced RVU requirements, adoption of an EVU system, or some method of academic recognition to reward educational activity. Differences in results between hospital systems suggest institutional climate may influence faculty preferences.
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Stoeckle, John D., und Sherman Eisenthal. „Medical Residents Evaluate Their Medical School Training in Psychosocial Care“. Psychological Reports 82, Nr. 3_suppl (Juni 1998): 1375–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1998.82.3c.1375.
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A questionnaire was sent to all 77 general medical residents at one teaching hospital (18 primary care and 59 the traditional program), to investigate retrospectively their psychosocial training in medical school. 62 complete surveys (81%) were returned. The training was rated good by 62% of the residents and important for psychosocial practice by 45%. In ambulatory settings, supervisors were rated as supporting the doctor-patient relationship (79%) and spending time on psychosocial problems (65%). In inpatient settings, spending time on psychosocial problems was not widely supported (36%). Training to interview was rated far from optimal by 49% of the residents. Psychosocial attitudes in residency did not have substantial correlations with training. In the choice of residency program, what distinguished residents in primary care from those in the traditional program was the positive ratings given their supervisors' psychosocial orientation, but not the supervisors' nor the residents' psychosocial competency or weeks spent in training. In sum, the two most potent influences on psychosocial orientation appear to be positive role models and the clinical setting.
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Silva, Thaís De Almeida da, Suzana Lins da Silva und Maria Gorete Lucena de Vasconcelos. „Vaccination status of the children admitted at a school hospital“. Revista de Enfermagem UFPE on line 5, Nr. 8 (23.09.2011): 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.5205/reuol.1262-12560-1-le.0508201123.
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ABSTRACTObjective: describing the vaccination status of the children admitted in a school hospital in Recife-PE. Methodology: descriptive, exploratory, crossectional and quantitative study with a sample of 296 children aged from 0 to full 72 months. To collect the data we used a questionnaire containing open and closed questions and the same has been started after approval by the Ethics Committee of IMIP Protocol (No 1100/2007). Results: It was observed that 65,6% of the children at the maximum age of 12 months presented a delayed immunization schedule. Conclusions: although the majority of the sample characteristics of this present study were favorable for an excellent vaccine coverage was present, this fact was not observed, this finding could be considered alarming, because this portion of the population is more vulnerable to preventable diseases. Thus, it is necessary a greater commitment especially by those working in primary care in the PSFs, since they are closer to the community and know their limitations, so that flaws like this are corrected. It is emphasized the importance of the proper functioning of the halls of vaccines, thus able to reverse the low vaccination coverage, helping to achieve the target of PNI, and mainly we are valuing our children's health. Descriptors: vaccination; vaccination coverage; immunization RESUMOObjetivo: descrever a situação vacinal das crianças internadas em um Hospital-Escola da cidade do Recife-PE. Metodologia: estudo descritivo, exploratório, transversal e quantitativo com amostra de 296 crianças na faixa etária de zero a 72 meses completos de idade. Para a coleta dos dados utilizou-se um instrumento contendo questões abertas e fechadas e a mesma deu-se inicio após aprovação do Comitê de Ética do IMIP (protocolo nº 1100/ 2007). Resultados: em relação ao esquema vacinal 65,6% das crianças com idade menor ou igual a 12 meses, estavam com o esquema vacinal em atraso. Conclusões: embora a maioria das características da amostra do presente estudo fosse favorável para que uma excelente cobertura vacinal estivesse presente, tal fato não foi observado, tal achado pode ser considerado preocupante, pois esta parcela da população encontra-se mais vulnerável às doenças imunopreveníveis. Deste modo, faz-se necessário um maior empenho principalmente por parte dos profissionais que trabalham na atenção básica, nos PSFs, uma vez que estes estão mais próximos da comunidade e conhecem as suas limitações, para que falhas como esta sejam corrigidas. Ressalta-se ainda a importância do bom funcionamento das salas de vacinas,deste modo conseguiremos reverter as baixas coberturas vacinais, contribuindo para alcançar a meta do PNI, e, principalmente estaremos prezando pela saúde das nossas crianças. Descritores: vacinação; cobertura vacinal; imunizaçãoRESUMENObjetivo: describir la situación relativa a vacunas de niños internados en un Hospital Escuela de la ciudad de Recife (Pernambuco, Brasil). Metodología: estudio descriptivo, exploratorio, transversal y cuantitativo con una muestra de 296 niños de entre cero y 72 meses de edad completos. Para recoger los datos se utilizó un cuestionario con preguntas abiertas y cerradas y lo mismo se ha iniciado después de la aprobación por el Comité de Ética del IMIP (Protocolo n º 1100/2007. Resultados: en relación al esquema de vacunación el 65,6% de los niños con edad menor o igual a 12 meses estaba con su esquema de vacunación en atraso. Conclusiones: aunque la mayoría de los niños del muestreo del presente estudio tuviera condiciones favorables a una efectiva cobertura de vacunación presente, no se observó tal hecho. Este hallazgo puede considerarse preocupante puesto que esta parte de la población se encuentra más vulnerable a las enfermedades inmuno-prevenibles. De esta forma es necesario un mayor empeño, principalmente por parte de los profesionales que trabajan en la atención ambulatoria, en los Programas de Salud de la Familia (visitas médicas), ya que están más cercanos de los pacientes y conocen incluso sus limitaciones, para que los errores se corrijan. Se destaca la importancia del buen funcionamiento de las salas de vacunas. De este modo se conseguirán revertir las bajas coberturas de vacunación, contribuyendo para alcanzar la meta del Programa Nacional de Inmunización, y sobre todo se estará velando por la salud de los niños. Descriptores: vacunación; cobertura vacuna; inmunización.
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Arya Wisnu Prayoga, Made Kardana, I Wayan Dharma Artana, Putu Junara Putra und Made Sukmawati. „Characteristics of neonatal late onset sepsis in Sanglah Hospital, Bali“. GSC Advanced Research and Reviews 7, Nr. 2 (30.05.2021): 073–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/gscarr.2021.7.2.0105.
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Neonatal Late-Onset Sepsis (LOS) is a leading cause of mortality in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU). The microbial characteristics of LOS are of primary importance in guiding clinical antisepsis practice, and strategies to prevent and treat neonatal LOS, in turn, influence the pattern of LOS pathogens. This study is a retrospective descriptive study with a cross-sectional approach conducted between 2016 until 2020 in the neonatal ward (level II-III) of the Sanglah General Hospital, Bali. Data collected consists of demography, clinical characteristics, laboratory results, and outcomes. Subjects in this study dominated by male (64%), gestational age > 37 weeks (56%), born ≥ 2.500 grams (54%), last mother education mostly in Senior High School (56%), spontaneous delivery method (54%) and 31 (62%) subjects were referral from other hospital and primary health care. Most of the subjects were lethargic (68%) and 15 (30%) subjects were died. Laboratory finding normal leukocyte, neutrophil, lymphocyte, hemoglobin, thrombocyte and IT ratio but have higher procalcitonin result. Poor outcome group were dominated by male, smaller gestational age, VLBW, and neonates who experience lethargy, temperature instability, respiratory distress and got positive blood culture.
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Gonçalves, G., A. M. Correia, P. Palminha, H. Rebelo de Andrade und A. Alves. „Outbreaks caused by parvovirus B19 in three Portuguese schools“. Eurosurveillance 10, Nr. 6 (01.06.2005): 9–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.2807/esm.10.06.00549-en.
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This paper reports the study of outbreaks of an acute exanthematous disease among children of three schools in the municipality of Braga (Portugal). Laboratory tests were performed for five cases, showing that the disease was not due to infection by measles or rubella virus, and infection with parvovirus B19 was confirmed. There were 41 cases in children: 12 in the kindergarten, 17 in the secondary school and 12 in the primary school. There was only one case in a staff member, who worked in the kindergarten. Eight cases were identified among household contacts; two of them were brothers, one from the kindergarten and another from the secondary school, where the outbreak occurred after the kindergarten outbreak. The estimated values of the basic reproduction number R0 were very low and it is very likely that asymptomatic infectious cases have occurred. The local health authority produced written documents and met with staff members and parents. Primary healthcare facilities and the obstetric department of the local hospital were also informed. As we are approaching the elimination of measles in Portugal and the rest of Europe, with very high vaccine coverage, it is very likely that a high proportion of infectious non-vesicular exanthemas will be due to B19 infections. This is to be taken into account in the design and conduct of surveillance activities, in the context of measles and rubella elimination programmes.
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Fauziah Nasution, Deni Setiawan und Wildansyah Lubis. „The Influence of the NHT Assisted Media Model and Learning Motivation on Learning Outcomes of Citizenship Education“. Britain International of Linguistics Arts and Education (BIoLAE) Journal 2, Nr. 1 (31.03.2020): 494–507. http://dx.doi.org/10.33258/biolae.v2i1.221.
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The aim of this research is to know the influence of NHT assisted media model and learning motivation on learning outcomes of citizenship education. This research will be implemented in 5th grade of Primary School at SD IT Tahfizhil Quran YIC SU, which is located at Jalan Haji Hospital. This school has an "A" accreditation. The research activities were carried out in the first semester of the 2018-2019 Academic Year, setting the research schedule according to the schedule set by the school principal. The subject matter selected in this study is "Diversity" which is the material in the class IV syllabus that is being studied in the semester.
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Mann, Susan, Tess Byrnes und Kate Saint. „New Curriculum, Primary Health Care and Nursing Practice“. Australian Journal of Primary Health 6, Nr. 1 (2000): 76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py00008.
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The Community Enrichment Programme (CEP) was a four-year program of study, which has incorporated Primary Health Care (PHC) and Community Health Nursing practice in the curriculum of a select cohort of undergraduate nursing students at Flinders University. At the end of the students' second undergraduate year this qualitative study showed that PHC principles had permeated the students' thinking. One of the aims of the project was to determine whether enough evidence could be generated to implement ongoing curriculum change. Preliminary evaluation of the views of students, community health nurses, nurse academics and agency and hospital staff has supported this aim. The inclusion of PHC theory and demonstrated practice has not only enhanced the students' knowledge and understanding of the complexities of Community Health Nursing practice but has positively influenced the students' overall perceptions about all nursing practice and its relationships with PHC principles, regardless of the setting. Academics in the School of Nursing are actively engaged in discussion and implementation of the outcomes to date.
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Natalia, Diana, Buchary A. Rahman und Aji Witama. „CHARACTERISTICS OF KUSTA PATIENTS WITH DISEASE DEGREES 2 IN KINGTA ALVERNO SINGKAWANG Hospital YEAR 2010-2013“. JURNAL BORNEO AKCAYA 2, Nr. 1 (30.06.2015): 17–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.51266/borneoakcaya.v2i1.85.
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Abstract. Leprosy has been a health problem because of the grade 2 disabilities. According to the data from Ministry of Health of Indonesia in 2011, there were 2 052 cases of grade 2 leprosy in Indonesia. Objective of this research is to describe the characteristics of leprosy patients with grade 2 disabilities at Alverno Leprosy Hospital Singkawang in 2010-2013. It was a descriptive study with cross sectional approach. There were 23 samples and most of them were found to be at the age of 15-60 years old, male (83%), graduated from primary school (48%), worked as farmer/fisherman (75%), MB type (65%), had history of type 1 reaction (61%), had neuritis history (83%), had disability on feet (49%), complied to the treatment (83%), the disability was found at the diagnosis (48%), and had the symptoms for more than 1 year (91%). Most of the leprosy patients with grade 2 disabilities were found to be at the productive age (15-60 years), male, worked as farmer/fisherman, graduated from primary school, MB type, had disability on feet, the disability was found at the diagnosis, had history of type 1 reaction and neuritis, complied to the treatment and had the symptoms for more than 1 year.
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Yankanchi, Sandeep G., Praveen Ganganahalli, Rekha Udgiri und Shailaja S. Patil. „Assessment of nutritional status of primary school children in urban field practice area, Vijayapura“. International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 5, Nr. 2 (24.01.2018): 779. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20180268.
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Background: Children are nature`s gift and fountain of life. They are future citizens and their health is nation`s wealth. There is a meaningful saying that ‘nation marches on tiny feet of young children and no nation without due love and attention paid to its children will lead to social and economic development. By promoting their good health we will be strengthening the development of the family, nation and world. As per National Family Health Survey IV, 38.4% children in India are stunted, 21% wasted and nearly 35.7% are under weight. Karnataka has a prevalence of stunting (36.2%), wasting (26%) and underweight (35.2%). The objective was assessment of nutritional status of primary school children of urban field practice area. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Maddy primary school located in Dorgalli, Urban field practical area, Chandabowdi, dept. of Community Medicine, Shri B.M. Patil medical college hospital and Research centre, Vijayapura. All children were assessed for nutritional status by taking anthropometric measurement like Height, Weight and also for nutritional deficiency disorders by detailed general physical examination. Analysis was done using frequency distribution, calculation of height for age, weight for age, weight for height and classified malnutrition according to IAP and Water low’s classification. Results: Around 57% of primary school children were found to be having less weight and/or height with respect to their age and sex. Conclusions: The present finding is going to affect the growth and development primary school age children who are more vulnerable for vicious cycle of malnutrition and infection. Regular monitoring of growth of primary school children and health education session for the mothers is going to be effective in prevention of malnutrition among the children.
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Simanjuntak, Tiroy Sari B. „COLONOSCOPIC EXAMINATION PROFILE AT THE UKI HOSPITAL, EAST JAKARTA FROM JANUARY 2014 - JULY 2015“. International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 9, Nr. 4 (03.05.2021): 263–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v9.i4.2021.3865.
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Colonoscopy is a procedure, which is done using a Colonoscope. The technique implemented in evaluating the colon: Picture of the colon, derived from the computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging, is processed (reconstructed) by the computer to reveal colon lumen in 3D. Colonoscopy is used to diagnose diseases found in the large intestine; however, not all kinds of ailments in the large intestine can be diagnosed by colonoscopy. This study aims to determine the colonoscopy procedure profile in UKI Hospital East Jakarta from 2014 to July 2015. The design used by this research is a descriptive study, which is retrospective to the population of patients that have had a colonoscopy in UKI Hospital from January 2014 to July 2015. This study reveals the colonoscopy procedure profile at UKI Hospital, East Jakarta from January 2014 to July 2015: the most dominant age of the patients receiving colonoscopy is between 50 and 59. Patients are males of Batak ethnicity with a background of high school education. These males' main symptom is abdominal pain, which leads to colitis infection as the primary diagnosis. This study shows that patients who have the colonoscopy done upon them are patients with the age span of 50–59. Most are males due to the factor of lifestyle and stress condition. Background of the patients is working males with high school diplomas. The main complaint found among these patients is abdominal pain. Colitis infection is found to be the primary diagnosis among them.
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Igumbor, E. O., S. K. S. Ojo und A. Olateru-Olagbegi. „Detection of urinary schistosomiasis among school age children in Ukwuani L.G.A of Delta State, Nigeria“. South Pacific Journal of Natural and Applied Sciences 28, Nr. 1 (2010): 48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sp10004.
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Schistosomiasis is a water-borne disease also known as bilharziasis or snail fever. It is a major disease of public health and the second most prevalent tropical disease after malaria. This study was carried out to detect the prevalence of urinary schistosomiasis among school children in Ukwuani L.G.A of Delta State, Nigeria. Urine samples (n=280) were collected from 9 volunteered primary and post-primary schools between May and July, 2009. Centrifuge concentration technique was used in the analysis of urine samples for the eggs of Schistosoma haematobium. 16 (5.71%) were infected with the parasite with males having a slightly high prevalence rate of 10 (3.57%) than females 6 (2.14%). Males within the age group of 11-20 were found to have the highest rate (2.14%) compared with their females (1.43%). This result is indicative of low visit to the hospital following infection of any kind and the source of drinking water in the community was poor. Many of these children engage in different water activities such as fishing, swimming, washing and fetching of water. The statistical analysis using T-test (P<0.05) showed no significant difference in the prevalence rate between age and sex. Therefore regular health education on the possible transmission of this parasite and community based treatment should be embarked upon in the school and community so as to curtail the spread and re-infection of individuals.
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Bakow, Brianna R., Fred Schiffman und Anthony E. Mega. „Where’s my doctor? the impact of the primary oncologist’s visit with their hospitalized patients.“ Journal of Clinical Oncology 37, Nr. 15_suppl (20.05.2019): 6603. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2019.37.15_suppl.6603.
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6603 Background: Continuity of care is a cornerstone of the patient-practitioner relationship and patient satisfaction. The inpatient continuity visit (ICV), a face-to-face patient-provider interaction, involves a discussion regarding hospital course and care goals and decisions. We theorize that the ICV influences patient satisfaction. Previously, patient satisfaction has been related to patient perception of physician conduct, including communication skills. Currently, there are no studies investigating the impact of an ICV on inpatient oncology patients on a hospitalist service. Objectives: To assess the relationship between the ICV and patient satisfaction. We hypothesized that one or more visits by the outpatient oncologist would enhance satisfaction of oncology inpatients. Methods: Subjects (N=82) were comprised of adult inpatients on the oncology unit at Miriam Hospital, a teaching hospital of the Alpert Medical School of Brown University. All participants had an oncologist at the hospital based cancer center. A survey, given at discharge, included a 5-point Likert scale ranging from greatly worsened to greatly improved to assess the impact of the ICV on patient satisfaction. Results: Of 82 participants, 46 reported a visit by their outpatient oncologist. Forty-two (91.3%) reported that this visit either greatly or somewhat improved satisfaction with their hospital stay, while 8.7% reported no impact. Of patients whose oncologist visited once, 94.4% reported either greatly or somewhat improved satisfaction compared to 89.3% who had more than one visit. Out of 36 subjects who did not receive a visit, 16.7% reported that the lack of visit either greatly or somewhat worsened their hospital stay, while 83.3% reported no impact. Conclusions: Our study suggests that an ICV improves satisfaction of care in cancer patients on a hospitalist service. Furthermore, one of every six subjects who did not receive an ICV reported a negative impact on satisfaction. Results highlight a possible intervention to the discontinuity of care that may be perceived by patients. While the practicality of this intervention requires evaluation, the efficacy of a single continuity visit to improve satisfaction is reassuring.
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Vidović Vondra, Suzana, Sanja Narić, Ana Pavelić Tremac und Josipa Kurtović. „Attitudes of Health Professionals and Primary School Staff towards the Separation of Children from Families and Foster Care“. Croatian nursing journal 4, Nr. 1 (16.06.2020): 33–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.24141/2/4/1/3.
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In Croatia, the process of deinstitutionalization of childcare is underway, and it should increase the placement of children in non-institutional forms of care such as foster care. The aim of the study was to examine attitudes towards foster care and child separation among school and adult mental health professionals. The sample consisted of 159 respondents (employees of elementary schools in Kutina, Popovača and Velika Ludina and employees of the Neuropsychiatric Hospital “Dr. Ivan Barbot” in Popovača). The survey covered all relevant sociodemographic variables, and the Scale of Attitudes Towards Separation of Children from Family and the Attitudes Towards Foster Care Scale were used to examine attitudes [Kamenov, Sladovic Franz & Ajdukovic, 2005]. In the sample examined, attitudes to foster care and separation are slightly positive, indicating that there is plenty of room for activities aimed at empowering these views. If further attitudes are to be strengthened, therefore the population of potential future foster parents is also expected to expand. It is important to highlight the role of healthcare professionals involved in the mental health care of foster children and to consider their role in modifying general attitudes towards foster care for children and their role in building an optimal foster care system.
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Li, Qunna, Minn Soe, Allan Nkwata, Victoria Russo, Margaret Dudeck und Jonathan Edwards. „Surgical Site Infection Trend Analysis Following Abdominal Hysterectomy, National Healthcare Safety Network, 2009–2018“. Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology 41, S1 (Oktober 2020): s396—s397. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ice.2020.1039.
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Background: Surveillance data for surgical site infections (SSIs) following abdominal hysterectomy (HYST) have been reported to the CDC NHSN since 2005. Beginning in 2012, HYST SSI surveillance coverage expanded substantially as a result of a CMS mandatory reporting requirement as part of the Hospital Inpatient Quality Reporting Program. A trend analysis of HYST SSI using data submitted to the NHSN has not been previously reported. To estimate the overall trend of HYST SSI incidence rates, we analyzed data reported from acute-care hospitals with surgery performed between January 1, 2009, and December 31, 2018. Methods: We analyzed inpatient adult HYST procedures with primary closure resulting deep incisional primary and organ-space SSIs detected during the same hospitalization or rehospitalization to the same hospital. SSIs reported as infection present at time of surgery (PATOS) were included in the analysis. Due to the surveillance definition changes for primary closure in 2013 and 2015, these were tested separately as interruptions to HYST SSI outcome using an interrupted time-series model with a mixed-effects logistic regression. Because the previously described changes were not significantly associated with changes in HYST SSI risk, mixed-effects logistic regression was used to estimate the annual change in the log odds of HYST SSI. The estimates were adjusted for the following covariates: hospital bed size, general anesthesia, scope, ASA score, wound classification, medical school affiliation type, procedure duration and age. Results: The number of hospitals and procedures reported to NHSN for HYST increased and then stabilized after 2012 (Table 1). The unadjusted annual SSI incidence rates ranged from 0.60% to 0.81%. Based on the model, we estimate a 2.58% decrease in the odds of having a HYST SSI annually after controlling for variables mentioned above (Table 2). Conclusions: The volume of hospitals and procedures for HYST reported to NHSN increased substantially because of the CMS reporting requirement implemented in 2012. The overall adjusted HYST SSI odds ratio decreased annually over 2009–2018, which indicates progress in preventing HYST SSIs.Funding: NoneDisclosures: None
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Rahman, Muhammad A., Charlotte Todd, Ann John, Jacinta Tan, Michael Kerr, Robert Potter, Jonathan Kennedy, Frances Rice und Sinead Brophy. „School achievement as a predictor of depression and self-harm in adolescence: linked education and health record study“. British Journal of Psychiatry 212, Nr. 4 (06.03.2018): 215–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.2017.69.
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BackgroundMental disorders in children and adolescents have an impact on educational attainment.AimsTo examine the temporal association between attainment in education and subsequent diagnosis of depression or self-harm in the teenage years.MethodGeneral practitioner, hospital and education records of young people in Wales between 1999 and 2014 were linked and analysed using Cox regression.ResultsLinked records were available for 652 903 young people and of these 33 498 (5.1%) developed depression and 15 946 (2.4%) self-harmed after the age of 12 but before the age of 20. Young people who developed depression over the study period were more likely to have achieved key stage 1 (age 7 years) but not key stage 2 (age 11) (hazard ratio (HR) = 0.79, 95% CI 0.74–0.84) milestones, indicating that they were declining in academic attainment during primary school. Conversely, those who self-harmed were achieving as well as those who did not self-harm in primary school, but showed a severe decline in their attainment during secondary school (HR = 0.72, 95% CI 0.68–0.78).ConclusionsLong-term declining educational attainment in primary and secondary school was associated with development of depression in the teenage years. Self-harm was associated with declining educational attainment during secondary school only. Incorporating information on academic decline with other known risk factors for depression/self-harm (for example stressful life events, parental mental health problems) may improve risk profiling methods.Declaration of interestNone.
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Fleming, Michael, James S. McLay, David Clark, Albert King, Daniel F. Mackay und Jill P. Pell. „Health, educational and employment outcomes among children treated for a skin disorder: Scotland-wide retrospective record linkage cohort study of 766,244 children“. PLOS ONE 15, Nr. 12 (11.12.2020): e0243383. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0243383.
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Background To compare health, educational and employment outcomes of schoolchildren receiving medication for a skin disorder with peers. Methods This retrospective population cohort study linked eight Scotland-wide databases, covering dispensed prescriptions, hospital admissions, maternity records, death certificates, annual pupil census, school examinations, school absences/exclusions and unemployment to investigate educational (absence, exclusion, special educational need, academic attainment), employment, and health (admissions and mortality) outcomes of 766,244 children attending local authority run primary, secondary and special schools in Scotland between 2009 and 2013. Results After adjusting for sociodemographic and maternity confounders the 130,087 (17.0%) children treated for a skin disorder had increased hospitalisation, particularly within one year of commencing treatment (IRR 1.38, 95% CI 1.35–1.41, p<0.001) and mortality (HR 1.50, 95% CI 1.18–1.90, p<0.001). They had greater special educational need (OR 1.19, 95% CI 1.17–1.21, p<0.001) and more frequent absences from school (IRR 1.07, 95% CI 1.06–1.08, p<0.001) but did not exhibit poorer exam attainment or increased post-school unemployment. The associations remained after further adjustment for comorbid chronic conditions. Conclusions Despite increased hospitalisation, school absenteeism, and special educational need, children treated for a skin disorder did not have poorer exam attainment or employment outcomes. Whilst findings relating to educational and employment outcomes are reassuring, the association with increased risk of mortality is alarming and merits further investigation.
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Okpala, Nonso Ejikeme, Rich Enujioke Umeh und Ernest Nnemeka Onwasigwe. „Eye Injuries among Primary School Children in Enugu, Nigeria: Rural vs Urban“. Ophthalmology and Eye Diseases 7 (Januar 2015): OED.S18659. http://dx.doi.org/10.4137/oed.s18659.
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A cross-sectional survey of the prevalence of eye injuries among primary school children in two noncontiguous local government areas of Enugu State of Nigeria was undertaken. One of the local government areas was urban, while the other one was rural. Children who were <15 years in two randomly selected primary schools in the urban area and three randomly selected schools in the rural area were interviewed and examined with Snellen chart, pen torch, head loupe, and direct ophthalmoscope. The findings were recorded using a semi-structured questionnaire and the World Health Organization Programme for Prevention of Blindness (WHO/PBL) eye examination form. Training on visual acuity measurement was done for each of the class teachers. A total of 1,236 children <15 years of age were studied and analyzed. Slightly more females, 652 (52.8%), than males, 584 (47.2%), constituted the sample population giving a female/male ratio of 1.1:1. A total of 98 (7.93%) children had evidence of injury to the eye or its adnexa. Eyelid scar was the commonest (5.34%) followed by eyebrow scar (2.10%). Canthal scar was the next (0.32%). Two girls had monocular blindness from eye trauma (0.16%). One had leucoma, while the other had a dislocated lens. All the monocular blind children of this study were from the urban area. The home was the commonest environment for an eye injury (69.39%) followed by the school (20.41%). The farm was next in frequency (7.14%), especially among boys in the rural area. The church and the road/street constituted the remainder. Regarding persons causing the injury, the child's playmate was the commonest (55.10%) followed by self (27.55%). Parents and guardians were the next (9.18%). These were injuries associated with corporal punishment. Corporal punishment-related eye injury, according to this study, appears to be common in the rural area and affects boys predominantly. Other human intermediary agents that cause an eye injury include passersby (2.04%), RTA (2.04%), siblings (2.04%), and others (1.02%). The primary agents that caused an eye injury were sticks/wood, 29 (29.60%); stone, 21 (21.43%); pieces of metal, 19 (19.39%); fall, 10 (10.20%); fight/fist blow, 9 (9.918%); plastic, 2 (2.04%); fingernails, 2 (2.04%); farm tools/fruits, 2 (2.04%); and RTA, glass, and headbutt, each 1.02%. Farm implements/fruits as well as fingernails appear to be fairly common primary agents that cause an eye injury in the rural Enugu, Nigeria. In terms of prevalence, there was no significant difference between the urban and rural areas. The findings from this study showed a high prevalence of eye injury among primary school children. In terms of treatment, 58.16% of the children with an eye injury had no form of treatment for it. The children from this study with monocular blindness did not receive adequate medical treatment. Treatment of an eye injury, according to this study, was sought from chemists (19.39%), at hospital/health centers (16.33%), at home (3.06%), and from traditional healers (3.06%). The persons who treated an eye injury, as observed from this study, were doctors (14.29%), nurses (4.08%), chemists (17.35%), and traditional healers and fathers (3.06% each). The frequency of noninjury-related diagnosis made in this study was refractive error, 4.85%; allergic conjunctivitis, 1.94%; oculocutaneous albinism, 0.24%; prepapillary vascular loops, 0.40%; and then ptosis, exotropia, stye, corneal opacity, and retinitis pigmentosa, 0.08% each. The annual incidence of an eye injury according to this study was 3.48%. The majority of the causes of an eye injury, as per this study, were preventable. Appropriate promotion of preventive eye care among children may go a long way in reducing the burden of blindness from eye injuries.
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Jardine, Pauline O. „An Urban Middle-Class Calling“. Articles 17, Nr. 3 (05.08.2013): 176–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1017630ar.
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This paper examines the prime factors in the emergence of modern nursing from 1881 to 1914 at Toronto General Hospital School for Nurses (TGH). Based on primary sources in the TGH archives and early issues of The Canadian Nurse, the paper reveals that ethical principles, academic achievement, and a new public image derived from the middle-class thrust in nursing education were the basic components that led to the evolution of the trained nurse. It further explores the extent to which the nursing profession in a major teaching hospital was influenced by educated middle-class women.
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Wang, Ming-Fang, Yi-Kan Wu, Cheng-Yu Chien, Li-Heng Tsai, Chen-Bin Chen, Chen-June Seak, Chi-Chun Lin et al. „Learning Effectiveness Assessment between Primary School Students and Adults in Basic Life Support Education“. Emergency Medicine International 2021 (24.02.2021): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5579402.
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Background. Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) remains a big issue of critical care. It is well known that bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) with an automated external defibrillator (AED) used did improve the survival rate. Therefore, CPR education including basic life support (BLS) and AED has been advocated for years. It showed significant improvement of knowledge and willingness to perform CPR through adolescents after the course. However, little is known regarding the ability and learning effectiveness of school students who attend such courses. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the CPR effectiveness of both adolescents (12 years old) and adults who undergo the same course of BLS and AED. Methods. This is a retrospective study. Sixth-grade elementary school students in Northern Taiwan were selected to compare with the adult group. Both took 90 minutes of the BLS and AED course by the doctor with BLS instructor qualification. The primary outcomes were CPR quality and passing or failing the skill examination parameters. The secondary outcome was the posttraining written test and questionnaire of CPR willingness. Results. In the written test, there was a statistical difference in the pretest score except AED knowledge, but no difference was revealed in the posttest score. No statistical difference in CPR quality was noted. In the skill examination, only checking breathing status had statistical difference (elementary group (71%) vs. adult group (86%) ( p = 0.003 )). Conclusion. We revealed that sixth-grade elementary students’ performance in CPR and AED was similar to that of adults after completing the current 90-minute course. Therefore, we strongly advocate offering CPR and AED courses to 12-year-old children, and these courses should emphasize checking the victim’s breathing status.
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Li, Tao, Bo Jiang und Xiaodong Zhou. „Axial length elongation in primary school-age children: a 3-year cohort study in Shanghai“. BMJ Open 9, Nr. 10 (Oktober 2019): e029896. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-029896.
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ObjectiveTo investigate the axial length (AL) elongation in primary school-age children during 3-year follow-up period and evaluate the associations of AL elongation with spherical equivalent (SE), AL at baseline, body height and weight.DesignA 3-year observational cohort study from 2014 to 2017.SettingJinshan Hospital of Fudan University in Shanghai.MethodsA total of 452 children successfully completed their measurements in the 3-year follow-up period. The mean age of those children was 6.9±0.7 years, ranging from 6 to 8 years, and 217 (42.7%) were boys. AL was measured with an ocular biometry system. Refractive error was measured using an auto-refractor without cycloplegia.ResultsThe mean changes of ALs were 0.27±0.28 mm, 0.52±0.40 mm and 0.89±0.51 mm over 1, 2 and 3 years, respectively. The mean changes of SEs were −0.27±0.80 D, −0.56±1.00 D and −0.95±1.41 D over 1, 2 and 3 years, respectively. Multivariate linear regression analysis revealed that mean change of AL was associated with mean change of SE at all points (all p<0.001). In addition, linear regression analysis revealed that AL elongation in the 3year follow-up period was associated with AL at baseline (R2=0.009, p=0.045).ConclusionsAL elongation is relatively high in the primary school-age children in Jinshan District, Shanghai. Effect strategies are needed to control AL elongation.
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Sibhiraja, S., und Dr Nibedita Dey. „Comparison of Lab based Device and Cuff-less based Device for Efficient Heart Rate Monitoring in Normal Individuals and Heart Diseased Individuals for Extended Duration“. Revista Gestão Inovação e Tecnologias 11, Nr. 2 (05.06.2021): 584–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.47059/revistageintec.v11i2.1695.
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Aim: This study was performed to validate and compare our designed cuff less device with standard heart rate monitors used in Hospitals. Materials and Methods: The Heart patient data were collected in Government PHC (Primary Healthcare Center), Navalpakkam hospital and the normal individual data were collected in Saveetha School of Engineering (SSE), Saveetha University (CLAB 404/425). Results: The means of the BPM also was found to be very similar with a minor deviation in heart rate of heart patients monitored by our cuff less device. The high insignificance assures that our device has given reading at par with commercial monitors used in the market Conclusion: Within the limits of our study our cuff-less device is as efficient as a vital sign monitor (lab based device) used in hospitals or Laboratories (one way ANOVA, P >0.05, insignificant).
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Rashad, Mohammad A., Khaled M. Abd Elaziz, Samah Mahmoud Fawzy, Ahmed Abdel Meguid Abdel latif und Mahmoud Abdel Meguid Abdel latif. „Screening of Primary School Children for Amblyopia and Amblyogenic Factors in Central Cairo, Egypt“. Journal of Ophthalmology 2018 (2018): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/8425319.
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Objective. To measure the prevalence of amblyopia and amblyogenic factors among primary school children and to evaluate distance visual acuity (VA) as a screening test to detect amblyopia and define its cutoff value. Subjects and Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted on primary school children in two schools in Central Cairo. Children underwent assessment of visual acuity using Landolt broken ring. Comprehensive ophthalmologic examination was performed for amblyopia suspects at the Ophthalmology Department of Ain Shams University Hospitals, including reassessment of best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) using the same chart. Results. A total of 352 children were examined. Reduced screening VA (amblyopia suspect) was detected in 47 subjects (13.35%) proved amblyopia after comprehensive examination was 1.98% (7 cases). Refractive errors (REs) were present in all suspected and proved amblyopia cases (100%) but was only present in 11.6% of nonamblyopic students (P<0.05). The prevalence of hyperopia in the whole sample was 3.6%, and was 27.6% in subjects with RE. Thirty percent of hyperopic eyes were amblyopic. The prevalence of myopia was 9.3% of the whole sample and 70% of students with RE. Only 9% of myopic eyes were amblyopic. Mild to moderate amblyopia (VA better than 0.2log MAR) was 42.9%, while severe amblyopia represented 57.1%. Conclusion. This study emphasizes the importance of school-based eye care system targeting the detection of amblyopia by application of a fast screening distance VA test with a cutoff value of high sensitivity at log MAR 0.539 (Snellen′s VA equivalent 6/18).
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Ndiaye, Abdoul Aziz, Alioune Badara Tall, Ndeye Fatou Ngom-Gueye, Ousseynou Ka, Birahim Thiam, Amadou Barro Mbodj, Cheikh Tacko Diop, Awa Diop-B, Lamine Gueye und Anta Tal-Dia. „Potentially Avoidable Hospitalizations at Grand Yoff General Hospital, Senegal“. Global Journal of Health Science 9, Nr. 10 (06.09.2017): 137. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/gjhs.v9n10p137.
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BACKGROUND: PAHs are necessary hospitalizations that could be prevented by appropriate primary care. They are mainly attributable to non-communicable diseases (NCDs), which are increasing, especially in developing countries. The objective of this research was to evaluate the epidemiological burden of the PAHs at Grand Yoff General Hospital.METHODOLOGY: A cross-sectional study was carried out in 2015. The population consisted of all patients hospitalized from April to August 2015, except those who were admitted to surgery, maternity or neonatology departments. This was a comprehensive study; the cases were represented by patients admitted for diabetes, high blood pressure, pulmonary disease, chronic kidney disease or stroke.RESULTS: A total of 739 hospitalizations were recorded in the targeted services, including 110 cases of PAHs (14.88%). Pulmonary disease was slightly more frequent (4.74%), followed by diabetes (4.08%), stroke (3.65%), then chronic kidney disease (1.35%) and high blood pressure (1.08%). The average age of cases was 57 ±17.49 years and 54.5% of patients were 60 years of age or older, the sex ratio was 0.96, the married 68.2%, and the widowed 20%. About 34% of the patients were uneducated and 24% had just a primary school level. Only 8.2% were employed, while 43% were housewives and 23% were retired. 70% got a monthly income less than 100 USD. The median length of stay was 5 days. The level of awareness of the severity of the disease had improved significantly, from 37.3% at entry to 71.8% at the end of the stay (p <0.01). That was the same for the level of information about the means of preventing disease prevention, from 32.7% to 64.5% with a p value <0.01.A similar frequency of PAHs was reported in another study carried out in a regional hospital in northern Senegal (15%) with a predominance of the elderly.CONCLUSION: PAHs are a heavy burden at Grand Yoff General Hospital. Strengthening primary health care through promotion and prevention is an alternative, especially for poor populations.
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Fuengfoo, Adidsuda, Sija Leelathanaporn, Thanyaporn Mekrungcharas, Kim Sakulnoom, Sumitra Owjinda, Piyanat Noipong, Suphawan Srinuan, Sarunya Kumjaroen und Natchanan Phonok. „Effectiveness of the Hospital Learning Center (Queen Sirikit National Institute of Child Health): Satisfaction with service and parents’ attitudes towards children’s illness“. F1000Research 8 (10.09.2019): 1616. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.18846.1.
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Background: All children, whether healthy or ill, should have access to equal educational opportunities. Healthcare institutions and hospitals have been approved to work with schools to establish learning centers to provide education to sick children. This study has been conducted to develop a practical model for learning centers in hospitals across Thailand to create equality and ensure valuable human resources for the future. The main goal of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a hospital learning center for continuing education of child patients and to determine the factors that are most appropriate study plans, the parents’ attitude about their child’s illness, and the children’s satisfaction with the learning center. Methods: The total sample population was 400, consisting of 200 parents and 200 child patients aged 4 to 18 years. The respondents were given a questionnaire to obtain their feedback using a Likert scale. Results: The most common child patients were those with chronic illness followed by those with common illnesses, and lastly children with developmental problems. All 200 children received continuing education; 20 child patients (10%) who had been evaluated received a modified education plan. After analyzing the results of satisfaction with the learning center, the scores ranged from 4.21 to 5.00 (mean = 4.28, SD = 0.62). Conclusions: Sick children can continue their education at the hospital learning center in Queen Sirikit National Institute of Child Health. Study plans can be modified to suit children with chronic illnesses and developmental problems, children in primary and secondary school, and those requiring prolonged hospitalization. Parents in the study had appropriate attitudes about the disease and education of their children. Sick children gave the highest ratings showing extremely high satisfaction with the hospital learning center.
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Martínez García, Laura, Pablo Alonso-Coello, Laia Asso Ministral, Clara Ballesté-Delpierre, Carlos Canelo Aybar, Carol de Britos, Ana Fernández Rodríguez et al. „Learning to make informed health choices: Protocol for a pilot study in schools in Barcelona“. F1000Research 8 (28.11.2019): 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.21292.1.
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Introduction: The Informed Health Choices (IHC) project has developed learning resources to teach primary school children (10 to 12-year-olds) to assess treatment claims and make informed health choices. The aim of our study is to explore both the students’ and teachers’ experience when using these resources in the context of Barcelona (Spain). Methods: During the 2019-2020 school year, we will conduct a pilot study with 4th and 5th-year primary school students (9 to 11-year-olds) from three schools in Barcelona. The intervention in the schools will include: 1) a workshop with the teachers, and 2) lessons to the students. The data collection will include: 1) initial assessment of the resources by the teachers, 2) non-participatory observations during the lessons, 3) semi-structured interviews with the students after a lesson, 4) assessment of the lessons by the teachers, 5) treatment claim assessment by the students, and 6) final assessment of the resources by the teachers. We will use ad hoc questionnaires and guides to register the data. We will perform a quantitative and qualitative analysis of the data to explore understandability, desirability, suitability, usefulness, facilitators and barriers of the resources. The most relevant results will be discussed and some recommendations on how to use, how to adapt (if needed), and how to implement the IHC resources to this context will be agreed. We will publish the study results in a peer-reviewed journal and in several Internet resources (web pages, electronic bulletins, and social media), and we will present them to the different users of interest in conferences, workshops, and meetings. Ethical considerations: The study protocol has obtained an approval exemption from the Ethics Committee of the Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau (Barcelona, Spain).
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Martínez García, Laura, Pablo Alonso-Coello, Laia Asso Ministral, Clara Ballesté-Delpierre, Carlos Canelo Aybar, Carol de Britos, Ana Fernández Rodríguez et al. „Learning to make informed health choices: Protocol for a pilot study in schools in Barcelona“. F1000Research 8 (12.05.2020): 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.21292.2.
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Introduction: The Informed Health Choices (IHC) project has developed learning resources to teach primary school children (10 to 12-year-olds) to assess treatment claims and make informed health choices. The aim of our study is to explore both the students’ and teachers’ experience when using these resources in the context of Barcelona (Spain). Methods: During the 2019-2020 school year, we will conduct a pilot study with 4 th and 5 th-year primary school students (9 to 11-year-olds) from three schools in Barcelona. The intervention in the schools will include: 1) assessment of the IHC resources by the teachers before the lessons, 2) non-participatory observations during the lessons, 3) semi-structured interviews with the students after a lesson, 4) assessment of the lessons by the teachers after a lesson, 5) treatment claim assessment by the students at the end of the lessons, and 6) assessment of the IHC resources by the teachers at the end of the lessons. We will use ad hoc questionnaires and guides to register the data. We will perform a quantitative and qualitative analysis of the data to explore understandability, desirability, suitability, usefulness, facilitators and barriers of the resources. The most relevant results will be discussed and some recommendations on how to use, how to adapt (if needed), and how to implement the IHC resources to this context will be agreed. The findings of the contextualization activities could inform the design of a cluster-randomised trial, to determine the effectiveness of the IHC resources in this context prior to scaling-up its use. Ethical considerations: The study protocol has obtained an approval exemption from the Ethics Committee of the Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau (Barcelona, Spain).
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Martínez García, Laura, Pablo Alonso-Coello, Laia Asso Ministral, Clara Ballesté-Delpierre, Carlos Canelo Aybar, Carol de Britos, Ana Fernández Rodríguez et al. „Learning to make informed health choices: Protocol for a pilot study in schools in Barcelona“. F1000Research 8 (15.06.2020): 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.21292.3.
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Introduction: The Informed Health Choices (IHC) project has developed learning resources to teach primary school children (10 to 12-year-olds) to assess treatment claims and make informed health choices. The aim of our study is to explore both the students’ and teachers’ experience when using these resources in the context of Barcelona (Spain). Methods: During the 2019-2020 school year, we will conduct a pilot study with 4 th and 5 th-year primary school students (9 to 11-year-olds) from three schools in Barcelona. The intervention in the schools will include: 1) a workshop with the teachers, and 2) lessons to the students. The data collection will include: 1) assessment of the IHC resources by the teachers before the lessons, 2) non-participatory observations during the lessons, 3) semi-structured interviews with the students after a lesson, 4) assessment of the lessons by the teachers after a lesson, 5) treatment claim assessment by the students at the end of the lessons, and 6) assessment of the IHC resources by the teachers at the end of the lessons. We will use ad hoc questionnaires and guides to register the data. We will perform a quantitative and qualitative analysis of the data to explore understandability, desirability, suitability, usefulness, facilitators and barriers of the resources. The most relevant results will be discussed and some recommendations on how to use, how to adapt (if needed), and how to implement the IHC resources to this context will be agreed. The findings of the contextualization activities could inform the design of a cluster-randomised trial, to determine the effectiveness of the IHC resources in this context prior to scaling-up its use. Ethical considerations: The study protocol has obtained an approval exemption from the Ethics Committee of the Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau (Barcelona, Spain).