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Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Précision de prédiction“
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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "Précision de prédiction"
DABILGOU, Téré, Oumar SANOGO, S. Augustin Zongo, Tizane Daho, Belkacem Zeghmati, Jean KOULIDIATI und Antoine BERE. „Modélisation thermodynamique de combustion mono-zone de biodiesels dans un moteur diesel et estimation théorique des émissions potentielles“. Journal de Physique de la SOAPHYS 2, Nr. 1a (13.02.2021): C20A10–1—C20A10–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.46411/jpsoaphys.2020.01.10.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBarrier-Battut, Isabelle. „Évaluation de la qualité du sperme de l’étalon“. Le Nouveau Praticien Vétérinaire équine 12, Nr. 44 (2017): 29–35. https://doi.org/10.1051/npvequi/44029.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMunoz, Alain. „EVALUATION PAR VALIDATION INDEPENDANTE DES PREDICTIONS DES PARAMETRES FORESTIERS REALISEES A PARTIR DE DONNEES LIDAR AEROPORTE“. Revue Française de Photogrammétrie et de Télédétection 1, Nr. 211-212 (06.12.2015): 81–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.52638/rfpt.2015.547.
Der volle Inhalt der QuellePEREZ, J. M. „Prévision de l’energie digestible des aliments pour le porc : intérêt du dosage des parois végétales par voie enzymatique“. INRAE Productions Animales 3, Nr. 3 (03.07.1990): 171–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/productions-animales.1990.3.3.4371.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleRicard, Anne. „Les marqueurs génétiques pour les aptitudes“. Le Nouveau Praticien Vétérinaire équine 17, Nr. 59 (2023): 20–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/npvequi/2024010.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleNichelli, Lucia, Mehdi Touat, Bertrand Mathon, Franck Bielle, Marc Sanson, Magorzata Marjanska, Stephane Lehericy und Francesca Branzoli. „Précision diagnostique de la spectroscopie mega-press dans la prédiction de la mutation IDH: nos premiers résultats en clinique“. Journal of Neuroradiology 50, Nr. 2 (März 2023): 143. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neurad.2023.01.062.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleCorniaux, Christian, Hubert Guérin und H. Steingass. „Composition chimique et dégradabilité enzymatique et in vitro d'espèces ligneuses arbustives utilisables par les ruminants dans les parcours extensifs de la Nouvelle-Calédonie. II. Equation de prédiction de la dégradabilité enzymatique et in vitro de la m“. Revue d’élevage et de médecine vétérinaire des pays tropicaux 49, Nr. 2 (01.02.1996): 158–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.19182/remvt.9534.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleRobert, C., O. Banton, P. Lafrance und J. P. Villeneuve. „Analyse de sensibilité paramétrique d'un modèle simulant le transport de pesticide dans le sol“. Revue des sciences de l'eau 5, Nr. 2 (12.04.2005): 197–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/705128ar.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleGilliot, Jean-Marc, Emmanuelle Vaudour, Joël Michelin und Sabine Houot. „Estimation des teneurs en carbone organique des sols agricoles par télédétection par drone“. Revue Française de Photogrammétrie et de Télédétection, Nr. 213 (26.04.2017): 105–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.52638/rfpt.2017.193.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSACRAMENTO, Isabelle Tèniola, Guy Apollinaire MENSAH und Jean-Marc ATEGBO. „Détermination de l’âge de l’aulacode par le poids du cristallin de l’œil“. Journal of Applied Biosciences 181 (31.01.2023): 18917–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.35759/jabs.181.4.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDissertationen zum Thema "Précision de prédiction"
Allart, Emilie. „Abstractions de différences exactes de réseaux de réactions : améliorer la précision de prédiction de changements de systèmes biologiques“. Thesis, Lille, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021LILUI013.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleChange predictions for reaction networks with partial kinetic information can be obtained by qualitative reasoning with abstract interpretation. A typical change prediction problem in systems biology is which gene knockouts may, or must, increase the outflow of a target species at a steady state. Answering such questions for reaction networks requires reasoning about abstract differences such as "increases'' and "decreases''. A task fundamental for change predictions was introduced by Niehren, Versari, John, Coutte, et Jacques (2016). It is the problem to compute for a given system of linear equations with nonlinear difference constraints, the difference abstraction of the set of its positive solutions. Previous approaches provided overapproximation algorithms for this task based on various heuristics, for instance by rewriting the linear equations. In this thesis, we present the first algorithms that can solve this task exactly for the two difference abstractions used in the literature so far. As a first contribution, we show how to characterize for a linear equation system the boolean abstraction of its set of positive solutions. This abstraction maps any strictly positive real numbers to 1 and 0 to 0. The characterization is given by the set of boolean solutions for another equation system, that we compute based on elementary modes. The boolean solutions of the characterizing equation system can then be computed based on finite domain constraint programming in practice. We believe that this result is relevant for the analysis of functional programs with linear arithmetics. As a second contribution, we present two algorithms that compute for a given system of linear equations and nonlinear difference constraints, the exact difference abstraction into Delta_3 and Delta_6 respectively. These algorithms rely on the characterization of boolean abstractions for linear equation systems from the first contribution. The bridge between these abstractions is defined in first-order logic. In this way, the difference abstraction can be computed by finite set constraint programming too. We implemented our exact algorithms and applied them to predicting gene knockouts that may lead to leucine overproduction in B.~Subtilis, as needed for surfactin overproduction in biotechnology. Computing the precise predictions with the exact algorithm may take several hours though. Therefore, we also present a new heuristics for computing difference abstraction based on elementary modes, that provides a good compromise between precision and time efficiency
Poudroux, Cécile. „Étude de l'incidence des paramètres primaires des lignes couplées sur la précision de prédiction de l'amplitude des parasites induits sur des torons multifilaires“. Lille 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992LIL10098.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleNguyen, Cam Linh. „Prédiction de la réponse aux traitements in vivo de tumeurs basées sur le profil moléculaire des tumeurs par apprentissage automatique“. Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AIXM0208.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn recent years, targeted drugs for the treatment of cancer have been introduced. However, a drug that works in one patient may not work in another patient. To avoid the administration of ineffective treatments, methods that predict which patients will respond to a particular drug must be developed.Unfortunately, it is not currently possible to predict the effectiveness of most anticancer drugs. Machine learning (ML) is a particularly promising approach for personalized medicine. ML is a form of artificial intelligence; it concerns the development and application of computer algorithms that improve with experience. In this case, ML algorithm will learn to distinguish between sensitive and non-sensitive tumours based on multiple genes instead of a single gene. Our study focuses on applying different approaches of ML to predict drug response of tumours to anticancer drugs and generate models which have good accuracy, as well as are biologically relevant and easy to be explained
Vernerey, Dewi. „Méthodologie statistique pour la prédiction du risque et la construction de score pronostique en transplantation rénale et en oncologie : une pierre angulaire de la médecine de précision“. Thesis, Besançon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BESA3004/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuellePrognosis is historically a basic concept of medicine. Hippocrates already considered the prognosis of disease as the study of the past circumstances, the establishment of the present state of health and finally the prediction of future events. He presented the prognosis as the ability to interpret these elements and to adapt the prognosis regarding their relative values. Currently, the prognostic research is still based on the examination of the relationship between a well-established health condition at the time of the investigation and the occurrence of an event. The increase in life expectancy implies that more and more people are living with one or more diseases or with problems that can impair their health status. In this context, the study of the prognosis has never been more important. However, in comparison with the field of randomized clinical trials in which the CONSORT statement recommendations are implemented for more than 20 years in order to guarantee quality research, the prognostic research only begins to develop similar initiatives. Indeed, in 2015 the TRIPOD statement recommendations were provided and in 2013 a working group called PROGRESS was constituted in the United Kingdom and its members made the observation that prognostic researches are developed with considerable heterogeneity in the methodology used and unfortunately do not always meet the quality standards required to support their conclusions and their reproducibility (...)
Joncas, Robert. „Précision dans la sélection des joueurs de hockey du junior majeur québecois de 1989-90-91 à partir d'une équation de prédiction du succès au niveau bantam“. Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/7915.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBourgeais, Victoria. „Interprétation de l'apprentissage profond pour la prédiction de phénotypes à partir de données d'expression de gènes“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022UPASG069.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDeep learning has been a significant advance in artificial intelligence in recent years. Its main domains of interest are image analysis and natural language processing. One of the major future challenges of this approach is its application to precision medicine. This new form of medicine will make it possible to personalize each stage of a patient's care pathway according to his or her characteristics, in particular molecular characteristics such as gene expression data that inform about the cellular state of a patient. However, deep learning models are considered black boxes as their predictions are not accompanied by an explanation, limiting their use in clinics. The General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), adopted recently by the European Union, imposes that the machine learning algorithms must be able to explain their decisions to the users. Thus, there is a real need to make neural networks more interpretable, and this is particularly true in the medical field for several reasons. Understanding why a phenotype has been predicted is necessary to ensure that the prediction is based on reliable representations of the patients rather than on irrelevant artifacts present in the training data. Regardless of the model's effectiveness, this will affect any end user's decisions and confidence in the model. Finally, a neural network performing well for the prediction of a certain phenotype may have identified a signature in the data that could open up new research avenues.In the current state of the art, two general approaches exist for interpreting these black-boxes: creating inherently interpretable models or using a third-party method dedicated to the interpretation of the trained neural network. Whatever approach is chosen, the explanation provided generally consists of identifying the important input variables and neurons for the prediction. However, in the context of phenotype prediction from gene expression, these approaches generally do not provide an understandable explanation, as these data are not directly comprehensible by humans. Therefore, we propose novel and original deep learning methods, interpretable by design. The architecture of these methods is defined from one or several knowledge databases. A neuron represents a biological object, and the connections between neurons correspond to the relations between biological objects. Three methods have been developed, listed below in chronological order.Deep GONet is based on a multilayer perceptron constrained by a biological knowledge database, the Gene Ontology (GO), through an adapted regularization term. The explanations of the predictions are provided by a posteriori interpretation method.GraphGONet takes advantage of both a multilayer perceptron and a graph neural network to deal with the semantic richness of GO knowledge. This model has the capacity to generate explanations automatically.BioHAN is only established on a graph neural network and can easily integrate different knowledge databases and their semantics. Interpretation is facilitated by the use of an attention mechanism, enabling the model to focus on the most informative neurons.These methods have been evaluated on diagnostic tasks using real gene expression datasets and have shown competitiveness with state-of-the-art machine learning methods. Our models provide intelligible explanations composed of the most contributive neurons and their associated biological concepts. This feature allows experts to use our tools in a medical setting
Ajana, Soufiane. „Prédiction du risque de DMLA : identification de nouveaux biomarqueurs et modélisation du risque“. Thesis, Bordeaux, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019BORD0205.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAge-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of blindness in industrialized countries. AMD is a complex and multifactorial disease with major consequences on the quality of life. Numerous genetic and non-genetic risk factors play an important role in the pathogenesis of the advanced stages of AMD. Existing prediction models rely on a restricted set of risk factors and are still not widely used in the clinical routine.The first objective of this work was to identify new circulating biomarkers of AMD’s risk using a lipidomics approach. Based on a post-mortem study, we identified the most predictive circulating lipids of retinal content in omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (w-3 PUFAs). We combined penalization and dimension reduction to establish a prediction model based on plasma concentration of 7 cholesteryl ester species. We further validated this model on case-control and interventional studies. These biomarkers could help identify individuals at high risk of AMD who could be supplemented with w-3 PUFAs.The second objective of this thesis was to develop a prediction model for advanced AMD. This model incorporated a wide set of phenotypic, genotypic and lifestyle risk factors. An originality of our work was to use a penalized regression method – a machine learning algorithm – in a survival framework to handle multicollinearities among the risk factors. We also accounted for interval censoring and the competing risk of death by using an illness-death model. Our model was then validated on an independent population-based cohort.It would be interesting to integrate the circulating biomarkers identified in the lipidomics study to our prediction model and to further validate it on other external cohorts. This prediction model can be used for patient selection in clinical trials to increase their efficiency and paves the way towards making precision medicine for AMD patients a reality in the near future
Sene, Mbery. „Développement d’outils pronostiques dynamiques dans le cancer de la prostate localisé traité par radiothérapie“. Thesis, Bordeaux 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013BOR22115/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe prediction of a clinical event with prognostic tools is a central issue in oncology. The emergence of biomarkers measured over time can provide tools incorporating repeated data of these biomarkers to better guide the clinician in the management of patients. The objective of this work is to develop and validate dynamic prognostic tools of recurrence of prostate cancer in patients initially treated by external beam radiation therapy, taking into account the repeated data of PSA, the Prostate-Specific Antigen, in addition to standard prognostic factors. These tools are dynamic because they can be updated at each available new measurement of the biomarker. They are built from joint models for longitudinal and time-to-event data. The principle of joint modelling is to describe the evolution of the biomarker through a linear mixed model, describe the risk of event through a survival model and link these two processes through a latent structure. Two approaches exist, shared random-effect models and joint latent class models. In a first study, we first compared in terms of goodness-of-fit and predictive accuracy shared random-effect models differing in the form of dependency between the PSA and the risk of clinical recurrence. Then we have evaluated and compared these two approaches of joint modelling. In a second study, we proposed a differential dynamic prognostic tool to evaluate the risk of clinical recurrence according to the initiation or not of a second treatment (an hormonal treatment) during the follow-up. In these works, validation of the prognostic tool was based on two measures of predictive accuracy: the Brier score and the prognostic cross-entropy. In a third study, we have described the PSA dynamics after a second treatment (hormonal) in patients initially treated by a radiation therapy alone
Wicki, Marine. „Etude de plans de connexion entre populations génétiquement proches visant à accroître l'intérêt de la sélection génomique en petits ruminants“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Toulouse (2023-....), 2024. https://theses.hal.science/tel-04866958.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleNumerous studies have shown that the accuracy of genomic predictions, and thus the efficiency of breeding programs, depend on the size and design of the reference population considered. This reference population is the set of animals for which genomic and phenotypic information is available. The larger the reference population, the better the quality of genomic predictions for the candidates to selection. Similarly, the greater the relatedness between the reference population and the candidates, the better the genomic predictions of selection candidates. In cases where the size of the reference population is limiting, as can be observed in sheep for example, it can be interesting to combine genomic evaluations from several populations. Studies have shown that this combination is beneficial when it involves genetically close populations. The aim of this thesis is to contribute to the implementation of multi-racial or multi-population breeding programs, with the aim of increasing the efficiency of genomic selection for genetically close breeds and populations, particularly in small ruminants.To achieve this, we first used real data to study the pedigree and genomic structure of the Lacaune breed. This study confirmed the subdivision of the breed into two subpopulations of equivalent size, and the absence of genetic connections between them. The study did, however, show that the two sub-populations are still genetically close to each other. On the same dataset, we compared the quality of genomic predictions between the individual evaluations of each subpopulation and the combined evaluation of both populations. We showed that combining the evaluation was still beneficial, but the gains in accuracy were small. We also looked at SNP effect estimates according to the different reference populations considered. Estimates of the SNPs effects were very different between the two individual references. SNP effects were closer between the individual references and the combined reference, but there was still some difference, which we did not find in the genomic predictions.The second part of this thesis involved the same type of work, but carried out on populations presenting an opposite context: the Australian Merino and Dohne Merino breeds. The Merino breed is Australia's first breed, while the Dohne Merino breed does not yet have a sufficiently large reference population to perform genomic evaluation. However, the population structure analysis showed a high level of genetic connectedness between the two breeds, which are widely used in crossbreeding. In the end, this study showed that combined genomic evaluation was highly advantageous for the Dohne Merino breed, and is therefore promising for a possible transition to genomic selection for this breed.The final part of this thesis used stochastic simulations to study the consequences of the divergence of an original population into two sub-populations on the efficiency of genomic selection. These consequences are still compared within the framework of an individual vs. combined evaluation of these two sub-populations. We showed that the subdivision of the population into two subpopulations had a negative impact on genetic gain. This deterioration in genetic gain is all the greater when the separation is unbalanced (i.e. when one of the two sub-populations is small) and the evaluation is separate
Ferte, Charles. „Modèles prédictifs utilisant des données moléculaires de haute dimension pour une médecine de précision en oncologie“. Thesis, Paris 11, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA11T101.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe mediocre level of the rates of answers and the improvements of survival when conventional strategies are applied underlines the necessity of developing successful, strong and applicable predictive tools in private hospital. The democratization of the technologies of analyses with top-debit(-flow) is the substratum of the medicine of precision allowing the development of predictive models capable of directing the therapeutic strategies and the definition of a new taxonomy of cancers by the integration of molecular data of high dimension(size).Through this thesis(theory), we analyzed at first public data of genic expression of bronchial cancer not in small cells(units) with the aim of predicting the probability of survival in three years. The strong predictive power of the only TNM and