Thematische Bibliographien / Pre-screener

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Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Pre-screener“

Autor: Grafiati

Veröffentlicht am 30. Juni 2021

Zuletzt aktualisiert am 1. Februar 2022

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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "Pre-screener"

Tavakoli, Hamdollah Manzari. „The relationship between accuracy of numerical magnitude comparisons and children’s arithmetic ability: A study in Iranian primary school children“. Europe’s Journal of Psychology 12, Nr. 4 (18.11.2016): 567–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.5964/ejop.v12i4.1175.

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The relationship between children’s accuracy during numerical magnitude comparisons and arithmetic ability has been investigated by many researchers. Contradictory results have been reported from these studies due to the use of many different tasks and indices to determine the accuracy of numerical magnitude comparisons. In the light of this inconsistency among measurement techniques, the present study aimed to investigate this relationship among Iranian second grade children (n = 113) using a pre-established test (known as the Numeracy Screener) to measure numerical magnitude comparison accuracy. The results revealed that both the symbolic and non-symbolic items of the Numeracy Screener significantly correlated with arithmetic ability. However, after controlling for the effect of working memory, processing speed, and long-term memory, only performance on symbolic items accounted for the unique variances in children’s arithmetic ability. Furthermore, while working memory uniquely contributed to arithmetic ability in one-and two-digit arithmetic problem solving, processing speed uniquely explained only the variance in single-digit arithmetic skills and long-term memory did not contribute to any significant additional variance for one-digit or two-digit arithmetic problem solving.

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Bedore, Lisa M., Elizabeth D. Peña, Christine Fiestas und Mirza J. Lugo-Neris. „Language and Literacy Together: Supporting Grammatical Development in Dual Language Learners With Risk for Language and Learning Difficulties“. Language, Speech, and Hearing Services in Schools 51, Nr. 2 (07.04.2020): 282–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2020_lshss-19-00055.

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Purpose Early Interventions in Reading (Vaughn et al., 2006), the only literacy intervention with demonstrated effectiveness for U.S. dual language learners, was enhanced to support the development of oral language (vocabulary, grammar, and narrative) and literacy, which we refer to as “Language and Literacy Together.” The primary focus of this study is to understand the extent to which grammatical skills of bilinguals with risk for language and/or reading difficulties improve in the Language and Literacy Together intervention. Method Fifteen first-grade dual language learners with risk for language and/or reading difficulties participated in an enhanced version of Early Interventions in Reading in Spanish. Children completed pre- and postintervention evaluations in Spanish and English, including grammatical testing from the Bilingual English Spanish Oral Screener (Peña et al., 2008) and narrative evaluation Test of Narrative Language story prompts (Gillam & Pearson, 2004; Gillam et al., n.d.). Data from six comparison participants with typical language skills who completed pre- and posttesting demonstrate the stability of the measures. Results The intervention group made gains in English and Spanish as evidenced by significant increases in their cloze and sentence repetition accuracy on the Bilingual English Spanish Oral Screener Morphosyntax subtest. They increased productivity on their narratives in Spanish and English as indexed by mean length of utterance in words but did not make gains in their overall grammaticality. Conclusions Structured intervention that includes an emphasis on grammatical elements in the context of a broader intervention can lead to change in the production of morphosyntax evident in both elicited constructions and narrative productivity as measured by mean length of utterance in words. Additional work is needed to determine if and how cross-linguistic transfer might be achieved for these learners.

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Gupta, Sharad, und Harsh V. Verma. „Mindfulness, mindful consumption, and life satisfaction“. Journal of Applied Research in Higher Education 12, Nr. 3 (24.09.2019): 456–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jarhe-11-2018-0235.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of mindfulness meditation sessions on students of higher education in terms of their mindfulness, mindful consumption behavior and life satisfaction. Design/methodology/approach Participants of research were higher education students. The research included two studies. The first (screener) study endorsed that mindfulness was higher in students with higher mindfulness meditation frequency. The second study used difference-in-differences experimental design using a treatment and a control group. These groups participated in pre and post-treatment surveys. The treatment was given as guided short mindfulness meditation sessions as suggested by mindfulness guru – Dr Jon Kabat-Zinn. The treatment group received these sessions at the end of regular subject classes for two months. Findings The experiment revealed that mindfulness, mindful consumption and life satisfaction change significantly in the treatment group after treatment as compared to the control group. Research limitations/implications Limitations of the study included sample size and attrition. In total, 149 students participated in the screener study. In total, 94 students were given pre-treatment survey as per research design and 80 participated in post-treatment survey. Practical implications This experiment demonstrated that important traits and behavior like life satisfaction and mindful consumption behavior of higher education students can be improved significantly. The effectiveness of guided short mindfulness sessions, conducted in the classroom environment, was also confirmed. Social implications The inclusion of mindfulness in the regular curriculum by policy makers would benefit students, faculty members and overall quality of learning environment. Originality/value Though previous researches have separately investigated relationships of mindfulness with life satisfaction, there is a lack of research to show association of mindfulness, mindful consumption and life satisfaction.

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Weinman, John, Imran Ali, Anna Hodgkinson, Martha Canfield und Christina Jackson. „Pilot Testing Of A Brief Pre-Consultation Screener For Improving The Identification And Discussion Of Medication Adherence In Routine Consultations“. Patient Preference and Adherence Volume 13 (November 2019): 1895–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/ppa.s219860.

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Āriņa, Dace, Kaspars Kļavenieks und Juris Burlakovs. „The Cost-estimation of Mechanical Pre-treatment Lines of Municipal Solid Waste in Latvia“. Proceedings of the Latvia University of Agriculture 32, Nr. 1 (01.12.2014): 17–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/plua-2014-0009.

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Abstract Production of refuse derived fuel from municipal solid waste in future shall play a strategic role in an integrated waste management system. The amount of landfilled biodegradable materials thus will be diminished according to provisions of the 1999 Waste Landfill Directive. The aim of this article is to evaluate cost effectiveness based on cost evaluation of the different complication of the waste pre-treatment equipment complectation and based on regenerable waste quantities in Latvia. The comparison of cost estimates is done in 3 scenarios considering potential waste quantities in Latvia: Scenario I - planned annual waste quantity is 20 kT; Scenario II - 40 kT and Scenario III - 160 kT. An increase in amount of waste and processing capacity means the decrease in costs of mechanical pre-treatment of 1 ton of waste. Thus, costs of mechanical sorting line under different scenarios with capacities of 10 t h-1, 20 t h-1 and 80 t h-1 are EUR 32 per t, EUR 24 per t and EUR 15 per t, respectively. Most feasible cost for a set of mechanical pre-treatment equipment for the capacity of 10 t h-1 is EUR 32 per t by using rotating drum screener with the following manual sorting. Mechanical pre-treatment equipment of unsorted municipal waste is economically nonbeneficial, when the use of fine (biologically degradable) fraction is not possible. As the sorting of biodegradable kitchen waste is not developed under the current waste management system in Latvia, the lines for mechanical pre-treatment of household waste would be better to install in landfills.

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Meng, Yu, Melinda Manore, John Schuna, Megan Patton-Lopez, Adam Branscum und Siew Wong. „Promoting Healthy Diet, Physical Activity, and Life-Skills in High School Athletes: Results from the WAVE Ripples for Change Childhood Obesity Prevention Two-Year Intervention“. Nutrients 10, Nr. 7 (23.07.2018): 947. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu10070947.

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The purpose of this study was to compare changes in diet and daily physical activity (PA) in high school (HS) soccer players who participated in either a two-year obesity prevention intervention or comparison group, while controlling for sex, race/ethnicity, and socioeconomic status. Participants (n = 388; females = 58%; Latino = 38%; 15.3 ± 1.1 years, 38% National School Breakfast/Lunch Program) were assigned to either an intervention (n = 278; 9 schools) or comparison group (n = 110; 4 schools) based on geographical location. Pre/post intervention assessment of diet was done using Block Fat/Sugar/Fruit/Vegetable Screener, and daily steps was done using the Fitbit-Zip. Groups were compared over-time for mean changes (post-pre) in fruit/vegetables (FV), saturated fat (SF), added sugar, and PA (daily steps, moderate-to-vigorous PA) using analysis of covariance. The two-year intervention decreased mean added sugar intake (−12.1 g/day, CI (7.4, 16.8), p = 0.02); there were no differences in groups for FV or SF intake (p = 0.89). For both groups, PA was significantly higher in-soccer (9937 steps/day) vs. out-of-soccer season (8117 steps/day), emphasizing the contribution of organized sports to youth daily PA. At baseline, Latino youth had significantly higher added sugar intake (+14 g/day, p < 0.01) than non-Latinos. Targeting active youth in a diet/PA intervention improves diet, but out of soccer season youth need engagement to maintain PA (200).

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Kızıltepe, Gozde Inal. „Validity and Reliability Study for the Turkish Version of Number Sense Screener for 60-71 Months Old Children“. Journal of Education and Training Studies 7, Nr. 2 (17.12.2018): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.11114/jets.v7i2.3888.

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In this study, it was aimed to carry out the validity and reliability study of Number Sense Screener (NSS)’s Turkish version for 60-71 year-old children. The universe of the study in which general survey model was used consists of children at 60-71 years of age, who were continuing their education during the spring term of academic year 2017-2018 in public and private kindergartens under the Ministry of National Education within the central district of Aydin/Turkey. As for the sample of the study, 658 children contunuing their education in 12 different preschools pre-determined according to socioeconomic status (low-middle-high) were included through systematic sampling method. Validity and reliability studies were carried out using data from the NSS application. Drawing from the analyses, it was determined that item difficulty values of the assessment tool ranged between 0.08 and 0.96, item discrimination indices ranged between 0.17 and 0.53 and item infit and outfit values ranged between 0.50-1.50. Having used Guttman's lambda-2, Alpha coefficient, Feldt-Gilmer coefficient, Feldt-Brennan coefficient and Raju's beta coefficient, it was determined that reliability coefficient calculated for the entire assessment tool varied between .826 and .837. Following DIF analysis, it was concluded that assessment tool items were not biased towards gender. According to the results of the study, it was concluded that the Turkish version of NSS is a valid and reliable assessment tool for assessing the number sense of children at 60-71 months of age.

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Stonbraker, Samantha, Elizabeth Haight, Alana Lopez, Linda Guijosa, Eliza Davison, Diane Bushley, Kari Aquino Peguero, Vivian Araujo, Luz Messina und Mina Halpern. „Digital Educational Support Groups Administered through WhatsApp Messenger Improve Health-Related Knowledge and Health Behaviors of New Adolescent Mothers in the Dominican Republic: A Multi-Method Study“. Informatics 7, Nr. 4 (05.11.2020): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/informatics7040051.

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(1) Background: In limited-resource settings such as the Dominican Republic, many factors contribute to poor health outcomes experienced by adolescent mothers, including insufficient support and/or health knowledge. In response, we designed a digital educational support group, administered through WhatsApp Messenger, for new adolescent mothers. The purpose of this study was to assess if participation in this digital support group could improve health outcomes and health behaviors. (2) Methods: Participants completed questionnaires with a health literacy screener, demographic items, knowledge questions, the Index of Autonomous Functioning, and five Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System scales before and after the moderator-led intervention. Differences between pre- and post-intervention scores were calculated and perceptions of the intervention were explored through in-depth interviews analyzed with content analysis. Participants’ well-baby visit attendance and contraceptive use were compared to that of controls and a national sample. (3) Results: Participants’ (N = 58) knowledge scores increased (p < 0.05). Participants were 6.58 times more likely to attend well-baby visits than controls (95% CI: 2.23–19.4) and their contraceptive use was higher than that of the national sample (p < 0.05). Participants indicated the intervention was enjoyable and beneficial. (4) Conclusion: This adolescent-centered digital intervention is a promising method to improve health outcomes and health behaviors of young mothers in limited-resource settings.

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Schlaudt, Victoria A., Rahel Bosson, Monnica T. Williams, Benjamin German, Lisa M. Hooper, Virginia Frazier, Ruth Carrico und Julio Ramirez. „Traumatic Experiences and Mental Health Risk for Refugees“. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, Nr. 6 (16.03.2020): 1943. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17061943.

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Refugees who settle in Western countries exhibit a high rate of mental health issues, which are often related to experiences throughout the pre-displacement, displacement, and post-displacement processes. Early detection of mental health symptoms could increase positive outcomes in this vulnerable population. The rates and predictors of positive screenings for mental health symptoms were examined among a large sample of refugees, individuals with special immigrant visas, and parolees/entrants (N = 8149) from diverse nationalities. Logistic regression analyses were used to determine if demographic factors and witnessing/experiencing violence predicted positive screenings. On a smaller subset of the sample, we calculated referral acceptance rate by country of origin. Refugees from Syria, Iraq, and Afghanistan were most likely to exhibit a positive screening for mental health symptoms. Refugees from Sudan, Iraq, and Syria reported the highest rate of experiencing violence, whereas those from Iraq, Sudan, and the Democratic Republic of Congo reported the highest rate of witnessing violence. Both witnessing and experiencing violence predicted positive Refugee Health Screener-15 (RHS-15) scores. Further, higher age and female gender predicted positive RHS-15 scores, though neither demographic variable was correlated with accepting a referral for mental health services. The findings from this study can help to identify characteristics that may be associated with risk for mental health symptoms among a refugee population.

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Schnieders, Elena, Elyesa Ünal, Volker Winkler, Peter Dambach, Valérie R. Louis, Olaf Horstick, Florian Neuhann und Andreas Deckert. „Performance of alternative COPD case-finding tools: a systematic review and meta-analysis“. European Respiratory Review 30, Nr. 160 (25.05.2021): 200350. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/16000617.0350-2020.

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RationaleGuidelines recommend pre-/post-bronchodilator spirometry for diagnosing COPD, but resource constraints limit the availability of spirometry in primary care in low- and middle-income countries. Although spirometry is the diagnostic gold standard, we shall assess alternative tools for settings without spirometry.MethodsA systematic literature review and meta-analysis was conducted, utilising Cochrane, CINAHL, Google Scholar, PubMed and Web of Science (search cut-off was May 01, 2020). Published studies comparing the accuracy of diagnostic tools for COPD with post-bronchodilator spirometry were considered. Studies without sensitivity/specificity data, without a separate validation sample and outside of primary care were excluded. Sensitivity, specificity and area under the curve (AUC) were assessed.ResultsOf 7578 studies, 24 were included (14 635 participants). Hand devices yielded a larger AUC than questionnaires. The meta-analysis included 17 studies and the overall AUC of micro-spirometers (0.84, 95% CI 0.80–0.89) was larger when compared to the COPD population screener (COPD-PS) questionnaire (0.77, 95% CI 0.63–0.85) and the COPD diagnostic questionnaire (CDQ) (0.72, 95% CI 0.64–0.78). However, only the difference between micro-spirometers and the CDQ was significant.ConclusionsThe CDQ and the COPD-PS questionnaire were approximately equally accurate tools. Questionnaires ensured testing of symptomatic patients, but micro-spirometers were more accurate. A combination could increase accuracy but was not evaluated in the meta-analysis.

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Mehr Quellen

Dissertationen zum Thema "Pre-screener"

Hellgren, Robin, und Martin Axelsson. „An evaluation of using a U-Net CNN with a random forest pre-screener : On a dataset of hand-drawn maps provided by länsstyrelsen i Jönköping“. Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för informationsteknologi, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-20003.

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Much research has been done on the use of machine learning to extract features such as buildings, lakes et cetera from satellite imagery, and while this dataset is valuable for many use cases, it is limited to time periods in which satellites were used. Historical maps have a much greater range of available time periods but the viability of using machine learning to extract data from these has not been investigated to any great extent. This case study uses a real-world use case to show the efficacy of using a U-Net convolutional neural network to extract features drawn on hand-drawn maps. By implementing a random forest as a pre-screener to the U-Net the goal was to filter out noise that could lead to false positives. By filtering out the noise the hope was to increase the accuracy of the U-Net. The pre-screener in this study has not performed well on the dataset and has not improved the performance of the U-Net. The U-Nets ability to extrapolate the location of features not explicitly drawn on the map was not clearly established. The results of this study show that the U-Net CNN could be an invaluable tool for quickly extracting data from this typically cumbersome data source, allowing for easier access to a wealth of data. The fields of archeology and climate science would find this especially useful.

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Konferenzberichte zum Thema "Pre-screener"

Baydar, Bora, und Gozde Bozdagi Akar. „A novel adaptive pre screener for ground penetrating radar“. In 2016 24th Signal Processing and Communication Application Conference (SIU). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/siu.2016.7495968.

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In, Haejin, Marisa Langdon-Embry, Judith Wylie-Rosett und Bruce Rapkin. „Abstract A01: Gastric cancer pre-screener project: Development of a comprehensive gastric cancer risk questionnaire“. In Abstracts: AACR Special Conference: Improving Cancer Risk Prediction for Prevention and Early Detection; November 16-19, 2016; Orlando, FL. American Association for Cancer Research, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7755.carisk16-a01.

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Price, Steven R., Stanton R. Price, Carey D. Price und Clay B. Blount. „Pre-screener for automatic detection of road damage in SAR imagery via advanced image processing techniques“. In Pattern Recognition and Tracking XXIX, herausgegeben von Mohammad S. Alam. SPIE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2305052.

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Baydar, Bora, Gözde Bozdaği Akar, Seniha E. Yüksel und Serhat Öztürk. „Fusion of KLMS and blob based pre-screener for buried landmine detection using ground penetrating radar“. In SPIE Defense + Security, herausgegeben von Steven S. Bishop und Jason C. Isaacs. SPIE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2223743.

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Price, Stanton R., Derek T. Anderson und James M. Keller. „Design of a buried explosive hazard pre-screener in forward looking imagery based on shearlet filtering and image post-processing“. In SPIE Defense + Security, herausgegeben von Steven S. Bishop und Jason C. Isaacs. SPIE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2177461.

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