Thematische Bibliographien / Pre-Patterning

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Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Pre-Patterning“

Autor: Grafiati

Veröffentlicht am 14. Dezember 2024

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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "Pre-Patterning"

Stower, Hannah. „Histone modification pre-patterning“. Nature Reviews Genetics 13, Nr. 1 (16.12.2011): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nrg3149.

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Pouchelon, Gabrielle, Laura Frangeul, Filippo M. Rijli und Denis Jabaudon. „Patterning of pre-thalamic somatosensory pathways“. European Journal of Neuroscience 35, Nr. 10 (Mai 2012): 1533–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-9568.2012.08059.x.

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Lim, Bomyi, Michael Levine und Yuji Yamazaki. „Transcriptional Pre-patterning of Drosophila Gastrulation“. Current Biology 27, Nr. 2 (Januar 2017): 286–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2016.11.047.

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Lim, Bomyi, Michael Levine und Yuji Yamazaki. „Transcriptional Pre-patterning of Drosophila Gastrulation“. Current Biology 27, Nr. 4 (Februar 2017): 610. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2017.01.067.

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Rudall, Paula J., und Emma V. W. Knowles. „Ultrastructure of stomatal development in early-divergent angiosperms reveals contrasting patterning and pre-patterning“. Annals of Botany 112, Nr. 6 (21.08.2013): 1031–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/aob/mct169.

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Dietrich, J. E., und T. Hiiragi. „Stochastic patterning in the mouse pre-implantation embryo“. Development 134, Nr. 23 (24.10.2007): 4219–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.003798.

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Stasi, V., G. Cattaneo, S. Franz, M. Bestetti, M. C. Ubaldi, D. Piccinin und S. M. Pietralunga. „Aluminium pre-patterning for highly ordered nanoporous anodized alumina“. Photonics and Nanostructures - Fundamentals and Applications 5, Nr. 2-3 (Oktober 2007): 136–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.photonics.2007.07.009.

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Gardner, Richard L., und Timothy J. Davies. „The basis and significance of pre–patterning in mammals“. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences 358, Nr. 1436 (29.08.2003): 1331–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2003.1322.

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The second polar body (Pb) provides an enduring marker of the animal pole of the zygote, thereby revealing that the axis of bilateral symmetry of the early blastocyst is aligned with the zygote's animal–vegetal axis. That this relationship is biologically significant appeared likely when subsequent studies showed that the equator of the blastocyst tended to correspond with the plane of first cleavage. However, this cleavage plane varies both with respect to the position of the second Pb and to the distribution of components of the fertilizing sperm that continue to mark the point where it entered the egg. It also maps too variably on the blastocyst to play a causal role in early patterning. The zygote has been found transiently to exhibit bilateral symmetry before regaining an essentially spherical shape prior to first cleavage. Marking experiments indicate that the plane of bilateral symmetry of the blastocyst is aligned with, and the plane of first cleavage is typically orthogonal to, the zygote's bilateral plane. The bilateral symmetry of the zygote bears no consistent relationship either to the point of sperm entry or to the distribution of the pronuclei, and may therefore be a manifestation of intrinsic organization of the egg. Finally, the two–cell blastomere inheriting the sperm entry point has not been found to differ consistently in fate from the one that does not.

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Gorenflo, L. J. „COMPILATION AND ANALYSIS OF PRE-COLUMBIAN SETTLEMENT DATA IN THE BASIN OF MEXICO“. Ancient Mesoamerica 26, Nr. 1 (2015): 197–212. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0956536115000140.

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AbstractA key component of archaeological research in the Basin of Mexico was a series of systematic regional surveys conducted between 1960 and 1975. This essay discusses efforts to finalize settlement data generated by those surveys, and preliminary analyses of the resulting dataset that include geographic information system applications to examine patterns of settlement over time. The paper begins by reviewing the surveys and the information they produced for more than 3,900 sites. Analyses of demographics, settlement hierarchies, and environmental patterning reveal periods of slow population increase and decrease that indicate no major demographic events, but noteworthy shifts in settlement types and environmental focus. Analyses of spatial patterning reveal evidence of considerable geographic shifts in settlement over time, probable widespread reliance on irrigation throughout much of the pre-Columbian basin, likely major shifts in adaptation to the central lake system in the region, and intraregional migration as a key demographic process in settlement patterning. Amid growing understanding of pre-Columbian settlement patterns in the Basin of Mexico, this paper also defines key research problems involving demographic mobility, the role of water control in adaptation and sociocultural evolution, and implications of changing environmental emphasis in settlement patterning.

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Patel, Nipam H. „The evolution of arthropod segmentation: insights from comparisons of gene expression patterns“. Development 1994, Supplement (01.01.1994): 201–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.1994.supplement.201.

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The comparison of gene expression patterns in a number of insect and crustacean species has led to some insight into the evolution of arthropod patterning mechanisms. These studies have revealed the fundamental nature of the parasegment in a number of organisms, shown that segments can be generated sequentially at the molecular level, and suggested that pair-rule pre-patterning might not be shared by all insects.

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Mehr Quellen

Dissertationen zum Thema "Pre-Patterning"

Baker, Sarah. „Social patterning and perceptions of alcohol use amongst mothers with pre-school aged children : a multi-methods study“. Thesis, University of York, 2012. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/4141/.

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Social factors have been linked to patterns of alcohol use amongst women. However, conflicting evidence on the ways in which socio-economic circumstances are linked to women’s alcohol use impedes our understanding. Interest in women’s alcohol use has moved up the policy agenda in recent years. Nevertheless, an examination of the literature revealed a dearth of contemporary UK specific research and few qualitative or mixed/multi-methods studies. Furthermore, the existing literature framed women’s alcohol use as a public health issue focused on a small minority of ‘risky’ drinkers and fails to attend to differences amongst groups of women according to their social circumstances, including whether or not they were mothers. Using a multi-method approach, this thesis aims to enhance our understanding of everyday patterns and perceptions of alcohol use amongst mothers with pre-school aged children by including the majority of mothers who drink moderate amounts of alcohol infrequently, as well as the minority who engage in ‘risky’ alcohol use. The research is UK focused thus enabling us to contextualise the findings and increase our understanding of alcohol use amongst mothers with pre-school aged children in the UK. Alcohol use varied depending on the socio-economic measure used. Social gradients were evident for drinking frequency, quantity, and ‘risky’ alcohol use amongst mothers with pre-school aged children. Qualitative data obtained from focus group discussions with advantaged and disadvantaged mothers helped explain to some extent the social patterning of alcohol use evident in the quantitative analysis of the MCS (Millennium Cohort Study) and, provided a unique portrayal of the ways in which alcohol was integrated into the daily lives of women with children.

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Vergnol, Amélie. „Les isoformes CaVβ1 : rôle dans la formation de la jonction neuromusculaire et implication dans la physiopathologie de la Dystrophie Myotonique de type 1“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024SORUS305.

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Quatre protéines CaVβ (CaVβ1 à CaVβ4) sont connues comme des sous-unités régulatrices des canaux Ca2+ dépendants du voltage (Voltage-gated Ca2+ Channels, VGCC), chacune ayant des profils d'expression spécifiques selon leur fonction. Bien qu'elles soient principalement reconnues pour leur rôle dans la régulation des VGCC, les protéines CaVβ peuvent également agir indépendamment de ces canaux, en tant que régulateurs de l'expression génique. Parmi ces protéines, CaVβ1 est exprimée dans le muscle squelettique sous différentes isoformes. L'isoforme adulte constitutive, CaVβ1D, est localisée au niveau du sarcolemme et plus précisément à la triade, où elle joue un rôle crucial dans la régulation de CaV1 et ainsi du mécanisme de Couplage Excitation-Contraction (CEC), essentiel à la contraction musculaire. Dans cette thèse, nous nous sommes concentrés sur les isoformes embryonnaires/périnatales de CaVβ1, moins étudiées, y compris la CaVβ1E précédemment décrite. Nous avons étudié leurs rôles dans les systèmes neuromusculaire et musculaire. En effet, la protéine CaVβ1 s'est révélée essentielle au développement correct de la Jonction NeuroMusculaire (JNM), mais l'implication spécifique de ses isoformes y reste inconnue. Notre étude a donc évalué le rôle des isoformes CaVβ1 à différents stades de la formation et de la maturation/maintien de la JNM. Parallèlement, étant donné la dérégulation de CaVβ1 dans la dystrophie myotonique de type 1 (DM1), nous avons exploré son rôle fonctionnel dans ce contexte pathologique. Nous avons tout d'abord identifié CaVβ1A comme une isoforme exprimée pendant l'embryogenèse et les stades périnataux. Nos résultats ont révélé que l'expression des isoformes CaVβ1 est régulée par l'activation différentielle des promoteurs au cours du développement : un promoteur1 dans l'exon 1 contrôle l'expression de CaVβ1A/E, tandis qu'un promoteur2 dans l'exon 2B contrôle l'expression de CaVβ1D. Il est intéressant de noter qu'un endommagement du nerf déclenche une réactivation du promoteur1, conduisant à la réexpression des transcrits de CaVβ1A/E.De plus, nous avons découvert que les isoformes embryonnaires/périnatales de CaVβ1 sont essentielles pour la pré-empreinte in vitro des myotubes et que leur expression postnatale influence la maturation/maintien de la JNM. Dans le contexte pathologique de la DM1, nous avons observé une augmentation de l'expression de CaVβ1A/E, qui semble atténuer la myotonie, un symptôme caractéristique de cette pathologie. De plus, nous avons trouvé que la modulation de leur expression est liée aux protéines MBNL, centrales dans la physiopathologie de la DM1. En conclusion, ce travail de thèse a permis de clarifier les connaissances sur les différentes isoformes de CaVβ1 dans le muscle squelettique et d'apporter de nouveaux éléments sur leur rôle dans deux contextes indépendants : le développement de la JNM et de la physiopathologie de la DM1. Comprendre la régulation des isoformes protéiques de CaVβ1 dans le muscle squelettique est essentiel pour déchiffrer les mécanismes de l'homéostasie musculaire et potentiellement identifier de nouvelles approches thérapeutiques pour faire face aux pathologies musculaires
Four CaVβ proteins (CaVβ1 to CaVβ4) are described as regulatory subunit of Voltage-gated Ca2+ channel (VGCC), each exhibiting specific expression pattern in excitable cells based on their function. While primarily recognized for their role in VGCC regulation, CaVβ proteins also function independently of channels, acting as regulators of gene expression. Among these, CaVβ1 is expressed in skeletal muscle as different isoforms. The adult constitutive isoform, CaVβ1D, is located at the sarcolemma and more specifically at the triad, where it plays a crucial role in regulating CaV1 to control Excitation-Contraction Coupling (ECC) mechanism, essential for muscle contraction.In this thesis, we further explored the less studied CaVβ1 isoforms, with a particular focus on embryonic/perinatal variants, including the previously described CaVβ1E. We investigated their roles in the neuromuscular and muscular systems. Indeed, CaVβ1 proteins have been showed as essential for NeuroMuscular Junction (NMJ) development, though the involvement of specific isoform remains unclear. Our investigation assessed the role of CaVβ1 isoforms at different stages of NMJ formation and maturation/maintenance. Additionally, given the deregulation of CaVβ1 in Myotonic Dystrophy Type 1 (DM1), we explored its functional role in this muscular pathological context.First, we identified CaVβ1A as another isoform expressed during embryogenesis and perinatal stages. Our findings revealed that CaVβ1 isoforms expressions are regulated by the differential activation of promoters during development: a promoter1 in exon 1 drives CaVβ1A/E expressions, while a promoter2 in exon 2B controls CaVβ1D expression. Interestingly, nerve damage in adult muscle triggers a shift toward the promoter1 activation and leading to the re-expression of CaVβ1A/E transcripts. Furthermore, we found that CaVβ1 embryonic/perinatal isoforms are critical for proper in vitro pre-patterning of myotubes and that their postnatal expressions influences NMJ maturation/maintenance. In the pathological context of DM1, we observed the increased expression of CaVβ1A/E, which appears to mitigate myotonia symptoms. In addition, we found that the modulation of their expression is linked with MBNL proteins, which are central in the pathophysiology of DM1. In conclusion, this thesis work has clarified knowledge of the various CaVβ1 isoforms in skeletal muscle and provides new insights into their role in two independent contexts of NMJ development and DM1 pathophysiology. Understanding CaVβ1 protein regulation in skeletal muscle is essential to decipher muscle homeostasis mechanisms and potentially identify new therapeutic targets to face muscular disorders

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Mehrotra, Ranjana. „Patterning of intellectual-motor abilities through development among pre-school children“. Thesis, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/2009/3725.

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Hsu, Po-Ya, und 許博雅. „Non-stitch Triple Patterning-Aware Routing Based on Conflict Graph Pre-coloring“. Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/22505137538410746164.

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碩士
國立臺灣大學
電子工程學研究所
101
Multiple patterning lithography has become a promising technology to enhance the feature density of advanced process nodes. For sub-14 nanometer technologies and below, triple patterning lithography that uses three different photomasks for three separate exposures is required. To apply the triple patterning technology, the triple patterning layout decomposition problem has to be solved, which decomposes the layout patterns into three photomasks such that the distance between any pair of patterns on a mask is larger than a threshold value, the minimum coloring spacing. Because of the high complexity of the decomposition problem and the low decomposability of an arbitrary layout, considering the decomposition constraints during the routing stage becomes a critical step for realizing triple patterning lithography. In addition, stitches, where the split mask patterns combine, may cause yield loss because of the overlay errors among different masks. Thus, the number of stitches should be minimized during decomposition. In order to completely avoid stitch-induced yield loss, we focus on the non-stitch triple patterning-aware routing problem, where stitch insertion is not allowed. In this thesis, we first observe that directly extending the algorithms of a state-of-the-art triple patterning-aware routing work to non-stitch routing may generate self-crossing nets. Furthermore, their algorithms may degrade performance due to sequential color decision. To resolve these problems, we propose a graph model not producing self-crossing nets during routing and use a weighted conflict graph to globally consider the net coloring. Base on the model and the weighted conflict graph, we propose the first non-stitch triple patterning-aware routing scheme, which consists of two main stages: (1) conflict graph pre-coloring followed by (2) pre-coloring-based non-stitch routing. Conflict graph pre-coloring is a process that decides the colors of nets by considering the weighted conflict graph before routing. Pre-coloring-based non-stitch routing is a process that routes the nets without inserting stitches based on the pre-coloring result from the first stage. Compared with the extended algorithms of the state-of-the-art work, the experimental results show that our routing scheme can efficiently generate routing results without any stitch and coloring conflict for the generated benchmarks.

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Rhodes, Garrett. „Localization and patterning of pannexin-1 in pre-diabetic murine corneal epithelial tissue after injury“. Thesis, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/36710.

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Type II diabetes is a major cause of blindness according to the World Health Organization (WHO, 2018). Diabetics are at risk of developing corneal diseases such as recurrent abrasions, ulcers, and erosions due to dysfunctional wound healing. Corrective surgeries or corneal transplants may be considered as a treatment in some, but not all, cases. The purinoreceptor P2X7 has been shown to be involved in cell-cell communication and in the restructuring of cytoskeletal actin, a necessary process for cell migration in wound healing. P2X7 relies on the binding of extracellular ATP for activation. Panx1 is a transmembrane protein whose primary role is for the release of intracellular ATP into the extracellular space. In healthy corneal epithelium, Panx1 localizes to the wound edge and forms clusters with the P2X7, which augments the wound healing response. This thesis looks at the localization of Panx1 in pre-diabetic murine corneal tissue. It was found that Panx1 is less expressed and does not localize to the wound edge to the extent as control corneas, therefore, creating less clusters with P2X7. Furthermore, preliminary studies that inhibit Panx1 with probenecid reduce the communication between cells, which is hypothesized as critical for migration of the tissue sheet and proper wound healing.
2019-12-17T00:00:00Z

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Buchteile zum Thema "Pre-Patterning"

Özdemir, E., L. Kiesewetter, K. Antorveza, T. Cheng, S. Leder, D. Wood und A. Menges. „Towards Self-shaping Metamaterial Shells:“. In Proceedings of the 2021 DigitalFUTURES, 275–85. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-5983-6_26.

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AbstractDouble curvature enables elegant and material-efficient shell structures, but their construction typically relies on heavy machining, manual labor, and the additional use of material wasted as one-off formwork. Using a material’s intrinsic properties for self-shaping is an energy and resource-efficient solution to this problem. This research presents a fabrication approach for self-shaping double-curved shell structures combining the hygroscopic shape-changing and scalability of wood actuators with the tunability of 3D-printed metamaterial patterning. Using hybrid robotic fabrication, components are additively manufactured flat and self-shape to a pre-programmed configuration through drying. A computational design workflow including a lattice and shell-based finite element model was developed for the design of the metamaterial pattern, actuator layout, and shape prediction. The workflow was tested through physical prototypes at centimeter and meter scales. The results show an architectural scale proof of concept for self-shaping double-curved shell structures as a resource-efficient physical form generation method.

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Barresi, Michael J. F., und Scott F. Gilbert. „Neural Tube Formation and Patterning“. In Developmental Biology. Oxford University Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/hesc/9780197574591.003.0019.

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This chapter looks at the neural tube that forms from the shaping and folding of the neural plate. It analyzes primary neurulation, wherein the surface ectoderm folds into a tube which separates from the surface ectoderm, and secondary neurulation, wherein the ectoderm and mesoderm cells coalesce as a mesenchyme to form first a cord and then a cavity within the cord. It also talks about neural tube closure, which is the result of extrinsic and intrinsic forces. The chapter provides an overview of the bipotential neuromesodermal progenitor (NMP) cells in the caudal end of the developing embryo can become either neural or somitic cells. It highlights the exposure of the pre-neural progenitors to opposing gradients of Fgf/Wnt and retinoic acid that leads to the patterning of the caudal neural tube along its dorsal-ventral axis.

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Wolpert, Lewis, Cheryll Tickle, Alfonso Martinez Arias, Peter Lawrence und James Locke. „Vertebrate development II: Xenopus and zebrafish“. In Principles of Development. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/hesc/9780198800569.003.0004.

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This chapter discusses the earliest stages of vertebrate development by using Xenopus and zebrafish as model organisms. Moreover, it looks into how the embryo grows from fertilized eggs and develops with body axes and germ layers. The chapter also looks at the embryotic development in line with the relative roles of pre-existing maternal factors in the egg and its developmental program in the formation of body axes. In addition, the chapter explains the Spemann organizer alongside its role in patterning the body plan along the dorso-ventral and antero-posterior axes. The chapter acknowledges the similarity of body plan between Xenopus and zebrafish.

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Marcus, Laura. „Vital Rhythms“. In Rhythmical Subjects, 196–255. Oxford University PressOxford, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192883889.003.0005.

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Abstract This chapter charts the second of the two complementary British modernist groups for whom rhythm provided a vocabulary, even a grammar, for the contemporary arts and painting. Despite shared preoccupations the two groups diverged. The chapter focuses on Roger Fry and Virginia Woolf, who in very different ways associated rhythm with the unconscious. It also explores their pre-1913 precursors: the Orientalist Lawrence Binyon and his circle. All these writers were in some form influenced by ideas of rhythmic patterning of the unconscious, dreams, the hypnogogic, and hyperaesthesia. Chanting and rhythmical speech were explored by Yeats and Pound, for whom rhythm comes before words: drawing on influences including Noh theatre, they helped create new rhythmic forms of visionary poetry and theatre. Detailed readings of Woolf’s writing show her incorporating polyrhythmic experience into the narrative texture of her work.

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Robitaille, Benoît, Aaron Deter-Wolf und Maya Sialuk Jacobsen. „Global Diversity and Distributions of Traditional Tattooing Tools“. In The Oxford Handbook of the Archaeology and Anthropology of Body Modification. Oxford University Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780197572528.013.4.

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Abstract Tools and techniques used to permanently mark skin prior to the introduction of the electric tattooing machine have varied widely throughout the human past according to region, culture, and era. Prior studies have sought to develop general typologies of these tattooing tools based primarily on the methods through which they were applied to the skin, rather than tool morphologies. This chapter draws on a global database of ethnographic, ethnohistorical, and anthropological documentation including over 1,500 individual descriptions and images of tattooing tools and techniques to present a new overview of global patterning and variability. That information comprises the largest and most comprehensive data set on pre-electric tattooing tools published to date, and informs a new typological division of tattooing tools and techniques. Understanding the broad patterns of these variations, their geographic distribution, and how they connect to macromorphological tool categories is essential for researchers seeking to identify the artifactual evidence of tattooing practices, and may also aid in studying past intercultural relationships.

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Lee, Felicia. „VP Remnant Movement and VSO in Quiaviní Zapotec“. In The Syntax of Verb Initial Languages, 143–62. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195132229.003.0008.

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Abstract A common theme in the literature on VSO languages is the claim that clause initial predicates are verbal heads (Emonds 1980, McCloskey 1991, Koopman and Sportiche 1991, among others). This claim, however, poses problems for a number of VSO languages: Irish, for instance, allows complex nominal predicates to occupy the same position as verbal heads (as noted by Carnie 1995); and Quiaviní Zapotec, the language examined in this chapter, also allows verbs and phrasal expressions to appear interchangeably in certain syntactic contexts. This work will propose an alternate analysis for the derivation of VSO word order that accounts for the non-head-like behavior of predicates in VSO languages: VP remnants, rather than verbal heads, raise to pre-subject position. Subjects and objects base-generated within VP raise into their respective agreement projections, while the VP, which itself contains traces of these arguments, raises to clause initial position. (The non-head-like behavior and morphological patterning of predicates in other VSO languages have recently prompted other researchers to reach similar conclusions independently; see Massam, this volume, and Rackowski and Travis, this volume).

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Coltrane, Scott. „Gender, Culture, and Fatherhood“. In Family Man, 177–98. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195082166.003.0007.

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Abstract Earlier chapters recounted stories from American parents struggling to balance job and family obligations, traced the historical ebb and flow of separate spheres for men and women, and offered some theoretical explanations for why modern parents might share family work. Momentarily stepping back from our own culture, however, we can evaluate whether it makes any difference how mothers and fathers divide family work and predict how the sharing of parenting might affect gender relations in the 1990s and beyond. In this chapter I delve into these questions by drawing on the research of anthropologists and sociologists who look at civilizations and societies seemingly far removed from our own. Using examples from Africa, Asia, the Middle East, and the South Pacific, and summarizing the results of two worldwide statistical studies, I ask how fathering, masculinity, and women’s status are mutually intertwined in pre-modern societies. I then consider some contemporary views of manhood that glorify masculine ritual and essentialize gender differences. Rejecting mythopoetic separatism, I focus on how cooperation in parenting and productive labor leads to the cultural patterning of gender equality.

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Muñoz-Rojas, David, Matthieu Weber, Christophe Vallée, Chiara Crivello, Abderrahime Sekkat, Fidel Toldra-Reig und Mikhael Bechelany. „Nanometric 3D Printing of Functional Materials by Atomic Layer Deposition“. In Advanced Additive Manufacturing [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.101859.

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Atomic layer deposition (ALD) is a chemical vapour deposition (CVD) method that allows the layer-by-layer growth of functional materials by exposing a surface to different precursors in an alternative fashion. Thus, thanks to gas-solid reactions that are substrate-limited and self-terminating, precise control over thickness below the nanometer level can be achieved. While ALD was originally developed to deposit uniform coatings over large areas and on high-aspect-ratio features, in recent years the possibility to perform ALD in a selective fashion has gained much attention, in what is known as area-selective deposition (ASD). ASD is indeed a novel 3D printing approach allowing the deposition of functional materials (for example metals to oxides, nitrides or sulfides) with nanometric resolution in Z. The chapter will present an introduction to ALD, which will be followed by the description of the different approaches currently being developed for the ASD of functional materials (including initial approaches such as surface pre-patterning or activation, and newer concepts based on spatial CVD/ALD). The chapter will also include a brief overview of recent works involving the use of ALD to tune the properties of 3D printed parts.

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„Physiological Speculation and Social Patterning in a Pahlavi Text“. In Religion, Culture, and Politics in Pre-Islamic Iran, 163–73. BRILL, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/9789004460294_010.

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„2. Adhesion of the plasma-polymerized fluorocarbon films to silicon substrates The adhesion properties of the plasma-polymerized FC coatings were determined by using a test, already employed by Yasuda and Sharma [13] (see Fig. 1 and Table 1) in which the silicon substrates coated with plasma FC-films were boiled in a0.9% sodium chloride solution. The FC thin films produced in the processes 1 and 2 were lifted after a very short time (15 minutes). Coatings generated in process 3 were lifted after the second cycle of boiling. The films produced in processes 4 and 5 withstood the complete test procedure. The results are shown in Fig. 3. The poor adhesion of the polymerized films in the first two processes is due to the fact that these processes do not involve a plasma pre-treatment process. The difference between processes 1 and 3 is only in the plasma pre-treatment (process 1 does not contain the pre-treatment step of the silicon surface). The fluorocarbon films deposited by processes 4 and 5 have shown the best adhesion. These test results indicate that the plasma pre-treatment is very important and necessary for a good adhesion of the FC coatings to the silicon surfaces. 2.3. Patterning of FC films 2.3.1. Patterning through resist mask. The patterning of the FC films through a photoresist mask (conventional All resist AR-P351) was examined after deposition for process No. 5. Different coating parameters were investigated to improve the adhesion of the resist to the FC surface. The best adhesion results were obtained using the process parameters, shown in Table 3. Differences in the thickness uniformity of so-deposited resists were in a range below 5%. The samples were etched in a pure oxygen plasma in an RIE-system after the lithography steps (pre-bake, exposure, development, post-bake). A resolution of 2 /xm was obtained. A significant increase in the surface energy was not observed after resist stripping. The sessile contact angle of water was 103°. 2.3.2. Lift-off process for patterning thin plasma polymerized FC films. A lift-off process was also examined to pattern the thin FC films. The lithography steps were used before the plasma polymerization process was carried out (Fig. 2). A standard resist AR-P351 was coated directly onto the Si substrates. After all lithography“. In Adhesion Aspects of Thin Films, Volume 1, 275–78. CRC Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b11971-44.

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Konferenzberichte zum Thema "Pre-Patterning"

Xiang, Xun, Andre Labonte, Catherine Labelle, Bhaskar Nagabhirava, Phil Friddle, Stefan Schmitz, Michael Goss et al. „Introduction of pre-etch deposition techniques in EUV patterning“. In Advanced Etch Technology for Nanopatterning VII, herausgegeben von Sebastian U. Engelmann und Richard S. Wise. SPIE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2297413.

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Tuan, Chia-Chi, Ziyin Lin, Yan Liu, Kyoung-Sik Moon und Ching-Ping Wong. „Self-patterning, pre-applied underfilling technology for stack-die packaging“. In 2014 IEEE 64th Electronic Components and Technology Conference (ECTC). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ectc.2014.6897613.

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Po-Ya Hsu und Yao-Wen Chang. „Non-stitch triple patterning-aware routing based on conflict graph pre-coloring“. In 2015 20th Asia and South Pacific Design Automation Conference (ASP-DAC). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/aspdac.2015.7059036.

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Slater, Brendan, Sonia Boscolo, Alexander Shafarenko und Sergei K. Turitsyn. „Mitigation of Patterning Effects at 40 Gb/s by Skewed Channel Pre-Encoding“. In OFC/NFOEC 2007 - 2007 Conference on Optical Fiber Communication and the National Fiber Optic Engineers Conference. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ofc.2007.4348336.

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Sones, C. L., K. S. Kaur, M. Feinaeugle, J. Y. Ou, K. A. Sloyan, T. C. May- Smith, R. W. Eason, F. Di Pietrantonio und E. Verona. „Printing of amorphous and crystalline materials pre-machined using focussed ion beam patterning“. In 12th European Quantum Electronics Conference CLEO EUROPE/EQEC. IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cleoe.2011.5943348.

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Xu, Li, Jaewon Chung und Costas P. Grigoropoulos. „Double Laser Crystallization (DLC) of Pre-Patterned Amorphous Silicon Film and Amorphous Silicon Film With a Patterned Assisting SiO2 Layer“. In ASME 2004 Heat Transfer/Fluids Engineering Summer Conference. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ht-fed2004-56729.

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In this study, pre-patterned amorphous silicon films are crystallized by the double laser crystallization (DLC) technique. Temperature distribution upon laser irradiation is modified by patterning the a-Si film, thus controlling the crystal growth. Patterns with a flattened concave feature is found to be favorable for large crystal growth with high localization, yielding grains with the size of 1.5 μm × 4 μm. As an alternate method (to pre-patterning the amorphous silicon film) for obtaining large crystal growth, double laser crystallization of amorphous silicon film with patterned SiO2 cap layer is proposed. The SiO2 layer assists the lateral growth of the crystals by acting as a thermal reservoir and slowing down the cooling rate, and additionally helps reduce the roughness of the polycrystalline surface to about 3nm (R.M.S.). With this alternate method, the grain width is increased from 0.5 μm to 1.5μm.

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Gao, Tieyu, Vincent Hsiao, Yue Bing Zheng und Tony Jun Huang. „Nanoporous Polymeric Grating-Based Biosensors“. In ASME 2010 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2010-40928.

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We demonstrate the utilization of an interferometrically created nanoporous polymeric gratings as a platform for biosensing applications. Aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES)-functionalized nanoporous polymeric gratings was fabricated by combining holographic interference patterning and APTES-functionalization of pre-polymer syrup. The successful detection of multiple biomolecules indicates that the biofunctionalized nanoporous polymeric gratings can act as biosensing platforms which are label-free, inexpensive, and applicable as high-throughput assays.

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Couderc, Christophe, Jerome Belledent, Amandine Borjon, Yorick Trouiller, Frank Sundermann, Kevin Lucas, Jean-Christophe Urbani et al. „Dual layer patterning failures in complex RET processes using ORC tools and pre- or post-optical proximity correction strategy“. In Photomask and Next Generation Lithography Mask Technology XII, herausgegeben von Masanori Komuro. SPIE, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.617412.

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Singh, Arjun, Boon Teik Chan, Doni Parnell, Hengpeng Wu, Jian Yin, Yi Cao und Roel Gronheid. „Patterning sub-25nm half-pitch hexagonal arrays of contact holes with chemo-epitaxial DSA guided by ArFi pre-patterns“. In SPIE Advanced Lithography, herausgegeben von Thomas I. Wallow und Christoph K. Hohle. SPIE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2086352.

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Chen, Hsiu-hung, und Dayong Gao. „Particle Manipulation Inside a Grooved Microfluidic Channel“. In ASME 2009 Second International Conference on Micro/Nanoscale Heat and Mass Transfer. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/mnhmt2009-18394.

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The manipulation of particles and cells in micro-fluids, such as cell suspensions, is a fundamental task in Lab-on-a-Chip applications. According to their analysis purposes in either the pre- or post-processing stage, particles/cells flowing inside a microfluidic channel are handled by means of enriching, trapping, separating or sorting. In this study, we report the use of patterning flows produced by a series of grooved surfaces with different geometrical setups integrated into a microfluidic device, to continuously manipulate the flowing particles (5 to 20 μm in diameters) of comparable sizes to the depth of the channel in ways of: 1) concentrating, 2) focusing, and 3) potential separating. The device is fabricated using soft lithographic techniques and is composed of inlets, microfluidic channels, and outlets for loading, manipulating and retrieving cell suspensions, respectively. Such fabrication methods allow rapid prototyping of micron or submicron structures with multiple layers and replica molding on those fabricated features in a clear polymer. The particles are evenly distributed in the entrance of the microchannel and illustrate the enriching, focusing, or size-selective profiles after passing through the patterning grooves. We expect that the techniques of manipulating cell suspensions from this study can facilitate the development of cell-based devices on 1) the visualization of counting, 2) the visualization of sizing, and 3) the particle separating.

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Berichte der Organisationen zum Thema "Pre-Patterning"

Saha, Sourabh K. Geometric pre-patterning based tuning of the period doubling onset strain during thin film wrinkling. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), Februar 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1345319.

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