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1
TOWNSHEND, J. L. „POPULATION DENSITIES OF FOUR SPECIES OF ROOT-LESION NEMATODES (Pratylenchus) IN THE OAT CULTIVARS, SAIA AND OAC WOODSTOCK“. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 69, Nr. 3 (01.07.1989): 903–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps89-105.
Annotation:
The population densities of four species of root-lesion nematodes (Pratylenchus) were examined in two cultivars of oat (Avena sativa L.) grown in greenhouse pots. The cultivar Saia harbored fewer P. neglectus and P. penetrans than the cultivar OAC Woodstock, while both cultivars were similar hosts for P. sensillatus. Pratylenchus crenatus did not develop in either cultivar.Key words: Oat, population density, Pratylenchus crenatus, Pratylenchus neglectus, Pratylenchus penetrans, Pratylenchus sensillatus
2
Majd Taheri, Zahra, Zahra Majd Taheri, Zahra Tanha Maafi, Zahra Majd Taheri, Zahra Tanha Maafi, Sergei A. Subbotin, Zahra Majd Taheri et al. „Molecular and phylogenetic studies on Pratylenchidae from Iran with additional data on Pratylenchus delattrei, Pratylenchoides alkani and two unknown species of Hirschmanniella and Pratylenchus“. Nematology 15, Nr. 6 (2013): 633–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685411-00002707.
Annotation:
Thirteen species of Pratylenchidae: Pratylenchus coffeae, P. delattrei, P. loosi, P. neglectus, P. penetrans, P. pseudopratensis, P. thornei, P. vulnus, Pratylenchus sp., Pratylenchoides alkani, P. ritteri, Hirschmanniella sp. and Zygotylenchus guevarai were collected from different crops and plants throughout Iran. The specimens were identified using morphological and molecular methods. Morphometrics and morphology are given for Pratylenchus sp., P. delattrei, Pratylenchoides alkani and Hirschmanniella sp. The D2-D3 expansion segments of the 28S rRNA gene were amplified and sequenced for all 13 species studied. Diagnostic PCR-ITS-RFLP profiles are given for Pratylenchus delattrei, P. penetrans, P. pseudopratensis, Pratylenchus sp., Pratylenchoides alkani and P. ritteri. Pratylenchus neglectus and P. thornei, collected from cereal fields, P. loosi from tea plantations, P. coffeae from banana, P. penetrans from ornamental plants, P. vulnus from pines and Z. guevarai from almonds showed a high level of similarity in the D2-D3 sequences with corresponding GenBank sequences. Nucleotide differences between Iranian populations and reference species were in the intraspecific range. Pratylenchus delattrei, found in vegetable fields, and Pratylenchus sp. from palm rhizosphere, formed a highly supported clade with P. zeae, the two former species being morphologically very close to the latter except in tail shape. Pratylenchus pseudopratensis, from cereal fields, clustered with P. vulnus with low support. Phylogenetic relationships within Pratylenchus species were mainly congruent with those obtained in previous studies. Despite the morphological similarities between P. ritteri and P. alkani, the D2-D3 of 28S rRNA gene sequences differed by 5 bp. Hirschmanniella sp., from a rice field, formed a clade with H. loofi and H. kwazuna.
3
Troccoli, Alberto, Elena Fanelli, Pablo Castillo, Gracia Liébanas, Alba Cotroneo und Francesca De Luca. „Pratylenchus vovlasi sp. Nov. (Nematoda: Pratylenchidae) on Raspberries in North Italy with a Morphometrical and Molecular Characterization“. Plants 10, Nr. 6 (26.05.2021): 1068. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants10061068.
Annotation:
Root-lesion nematode species rank third only to root-knot and cyst nematodes as having the greatest economic impact on crops worldwide. A survey of plant-parasitic nematodes associated with decaying raspberries (Rubus sp.) in northern Italy revealed that root-lesion nematodes were the most frequently occurring species among other phytonematodes. Several Pratylenchus species have been associated with Rubus sp. in Canada (Quebec, British Columbia) and USA (North Carolina, Maryland, New Jersey) including P. penetrans and P. crenatus. In the roots and rhizosphere of symptomatic raspberries, nematodes of two Pratylenchus spp. were detected. Detailed morphometrics of the two root-lesion nematode isolates were consistent with Pratylenchus crenatus and with an undescribed Pratylenchus species. The extracted nematodes were observed and measured as live and fixed materials and subsequently identified by integrative taxonomy (morphometrically and molecularly). The latter species is described herein as Pratylenchus vovlasi sp. nov., resulting morphometrically closest to P. mediterraneus and phylogenetically to P. pratensis. The molecular identification of Pratylenchus vovlasi sp. nov. was carried out by sequencing the ITS region, D2-D3 expansion domains of the 28S rRNA gene and a partial region of the nuclear hsp90 gene. ITS-RFLP and sequence analyses revealed that Pratylenchus vovlasi sp. nov. had species-specific restriction profiles with no corresponding sequences present in the database. The phylogenetic relationships with ITS and D2-D3 sequences placed the Pratylenchus vovlasi sp. nov. in a clade with P. pratensis and P. pseudopratensis. This research confirms the occurrence of cryptic biodiversity within the genus Pratylenchus as well as the need for an integrative approach to the identification of Pratylenchus species.
4
Handoo, Zafar A., Guiping Yan, Mihail R. Kantor, Danqiong Huang, Intiaz A. Chowdhury, Addison Plaisance, Gary R. Bauchan und Joseph D. Mowery. „Morphological and Molecular Characterization of Pratylenchus dakotaensis n. sp. (Nematoda: Pratylenchidae), a New Root-Lesion Nematode Species on Soybean in North Dakota, USA“. Plants 10, Nr. 1 (17.01.2021): 168. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants10010168.
Annotation:
Root-lesion nematodes (Pratylenchus spp.) of the genus Pratylenchus Filipjev, 1936, are among the most important nematode pests on soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.), along with soybean cyst and root-knot nematodes. In May 2015 and 2016, a total of six soil samples were collected from a soybean field in Walcott, Richland County, ND and submitted to the Mycology and Nematology Genetic Diversity and Biology Laboratory (MNGDBL), USDA, ARS, MD for analysis. Later, in 2019, additional nematodes recovered from a greenhouse culture on soybean originally from the same field were submitted for further analysis. Males, females, and juveniles of Pratylenchus sp. were recovered from soil and root samples and were examined morphologically and molecularly. DNA from single nematodes were extracted, and the nucleotides feature of three genomic regions targeting on the D2–D3 region of 28S rDNA and ITS rDNA and mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COX1) gene were characterized. Phylogeny trees were constructed to ascertain the relationships with other Pratylenchus spp., and polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) was performed to provide a rapid and reliable differentiation from other common Pratylenchus spp. Molecular features indicated that it is a new, unnamed Pratylenchus sp. that is different from morphologically closely related Pratylenchus spp., including P. convallariae, P. pratensis, P. fallax, and P. flakkensis. In conclusion, both morphological and molecular observations indicate that the North Dakota isolate on soybean represents a new root-lesion nematode species which is named and described herein as Pratylenchus dakotaensis n. sp.
5
de la Peña, Eduardo, Maurice Moens und Gerrit Karssen. „Distribution and diversity of root-lesion nematodes (Pratylenchus spp.) associated with Ammophila arenaria in coastal dunes of Western Europe“. Nematology 9, Nr. 6 (2007): 881–901. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156854107782331289.
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AbstractThe distribution and diversity of Pratylenchus species associated with Ammophila arenaria was investigated in its natural range of distribution. Twelve localities with vigorous stands of A. arenaria along the European Atlantic and Mediterranean coasts were sampled. The populations were identified based on morphology and morphometrics, and further characterised based on sequences of the rDNA D2D3 region. Pratylenchus spp. were present in all of the sampled sites. A total of 19 populations were detected belonging to Pratylenchus dunensis, P. brzeskii, P. pratensis or P. penetrans. Pratylenchus dunensis was widely distributed from Blakeney Point (UK) to Comporta (Portugal). Pratylenchus brzeskii was found in South European localities along the Atlantic coast and also in the Mediterranean region. Pratylenchus pratensis was found associated with A. arenaria for the first time and occurred at different locations along the Atlantic coast. Pratylenchus penetrans was only detected in Biarritz (France). The P. dunensis populations from the south west Iberian Peninsula differed from the original P. dunensis description and showed two incisures on the lip region instead of one. Pratylenchus brzeskii populations did not vary morphologically from the original descriptions; however, the range of their morphometrical characters was wider than that of the type population. The D2D3 rDNA region revealed large interspecific and low intraspecific variation, supporting the morphological identification. The phylogenetic relationships of the populations with respect to other species of the genus were inferred from partial sequences of the rDNA and positioned P. dunensis within the same group as P. convallariae, P. penetrans and P. fallax.
6
Ryss, A. Y. „Genus Pratylenchus Filipjev: multientry and monoentry keys and diagnostic relationships (Nematoda: Tylenchida: Pratylenchidae)“. Zoosystematica Rossica 10, Nr. 2 (22.04.2002): 241–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.31610/zsr/2001.10.2.241.
Annotation:
Tabular (multientry) key to Pratylenchus is presented, and functioning of the computerized multientry image-operating key developed on the basis of the stepwise computer diagnostic system BIKEY-PICKEY is described. Monoentry key to Pratylenchus is given, and diagnostic relationships are analysed with the routine taxonomic methods as well as with the use of BIKEY diagnostic system and by the cluster tree analysis using STATISTICA program package. The synonymy Pratylenchus scribneri Steiner in Sherbakoff & Stanley, 1943 = P. jordanensis Hashim, 1983, syn. n. is established. Conclusion on the transition from amphimixis to parthenogenesis as one of the leading evolutionary factors for Pratylenchus is drawn.
7
Puerari, Heriksen H., Claudia R. Dias-Arieira, Mara M. Moura, Fabio Biela, Fernando M. Chiamolera und Tatiana P. L. da Cunha. „Reação de porta-enxertos de videira a Pratylenchus brachyurus e Pratylenchus zeae“. Tropical Plant Pathology 37, Nr. 3 (Juni 2012): 220–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1982-56762012000300010.
8
Bucki, Patricia, Xue Qing, Pablo Castillo, Abraham Gamliel, Svetlana Dobrinin, Tamar Alon und Sigal Braun Miyara. „The Genus Pratylenchus (Nematoda: Pratylenchidae) in Israel: From Taxonomy to Control Practices“. Plants 9, Nr. 11 (02.11.2020): 1475. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants9111475.
Annotation:
Due to Israel’s successful agricultural production and diverse climatic conditions, plant-parasitic nematodes are flourishing. The occurrence of new, previously unidentified species in Israel or of suggested new species worldwide is a consequence of the continuous withdrawal of efficient nematicides. Among plant-parasitic nematodes, migratory endoparasitic species of the genus Pratylenchus are widely distributed in vegetable and crop fields in Israel and are associated with major reductions in quality and yield. This review focuses on the occurrence, distribution, diagnosis, pathogenicity, and phylogeny of all Pratylenchus species recorded over the last few decades on different crops grown throughout Israel—covering early information from nematologists to recent reports involving the use of molecular phylogenetic methodologies. We explore the accepted distinction between Pratylenchus thornei and Pratylenchus mediterraneus isolated from Israel’s northern Negev region, and address the confusion concerning the findings related to these Pratylenchus species. Our recent sampling from the northern Negev revealed the occurrence of both P. thornei and P. mediterraneus on the basis of molecular identification, indicating P. mediterraneus as a sister species of P. thornei and their potential occurrence in a mixed infection. Finally, the efficiencies of common control measures taken to reduce Pratylenchus’ devastating damage in protected crops and field crops is discussed.
9
Nguyen, Dang Minh Chanh, und Woo Jin Jung. „Nematicidal properties of crude extracts obtained from medicinal plants against root-lesion nematode Pratylenchus coffeae“. Journal of Vietnamese Environment 6, Nr. 3 (05.11.2014): 264–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.13141/jve.vol6.no3.pp264-269.
Annotation:
To investigate nematicidal activity against the root-lesion nematode, Pratylenchus coffeae, the methanolic extracts were obtained from 5 medicinal plants in Vietnam. Methanol extracts of the 5 samples were screened for nematicidal activity against Pratylenchus coffeae in vitro. Of the plant extracts tested, a 5 mg/ml concentration of Terminalia nigrovenulosa extract showed the highest level (95.0%) of nematicidal activity against Pratylenchus coffeae at 9 h after treatment. The remainder of the plant extracts was followed by Cinnamomum camphora (66.7%), Jasminum suptriplinerve (30.8%), Premna integrifolia (6.7%), and Treptocaulon juventas (5.8%). A 2.0 mg/mlconcentration of T. nigrovenulosa resulted in 13.3, 42.5, 62.5 and 86.7% at 1, 3, 5 and 7 h after treatment, respectively against Pratylenchus coffeae. Concentration of 0.1, 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 mg/ml of T. nigrovenulosa resulted in 26.7, 71.7, 78.3 and 86.7% effectiveness respectively, at 7 h after treatment. Also, at 3 days after exposure to T. nigrovenulosa, hatch was inhibited by 60.0, 45.8, 17.5 and 5.8% at 0.1, 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 mg/ml, respectively. Hatch was inhibited by 65.0, 50.8, 21.7 and 6.7% at 0.1, 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 mg/ml respectively, at 6 days after exposure to T. nigrovenulosa. The mortality rate and hatch inhibition increased with increasing incubation time for crude extract of T. nigrovenulosa.
Trong nghiên cứu này, 5 cây thuốc (Cinnamomum camphora, Jasminum suptriplinerve, Premna integrifolia, Terminalia nigrovenulosa, Treptocaulon juventas) đã được sử dụng làm nguyên liệu chiết xuất bằng methanol để thử hoạt tính kháng tuyến trùng Pratylenchus coffeae. Kết quả cho thấy chiết xuất từ cây Terminalia nigrovenulosa biểu hiện hoạt tính kháng tuyến trùng cao nhất (95,0%) sau 9 giờ xử lý với nồng độ 5 mg/ml. Hoạt tính kháng tuyến trùng của các chất chiết xuất được biểu hiện theo thứ tự giảm dần lần lượt là C. camphora (66,7%), J. suptriplinerve (30,8%), P. integrifolia (6,7%) và T. juventas (5,8%). Với nồng độ 2 mg/ml của chất chiết xuất từ T. nigrovenulossa biểu hiện hoạt tính gây chết tuyến trùng Pratylenchuss coffeae là 13,3; 42,5; 62,5 và 86,7% sau 1, 3, 5 và 7 giờ xử lý theo thứ tự. Ở cùng thời điểm sau xử lý 7 giờ, các nồng độ 0,1; 0,5; 1,0 và 2,0 mg/ml chiết xuất của T. nigrovenulossa có hoạt tính gây chết tuyến trùng Pratylenchus coffeae lần lượt là 26,7; 71,7; 78,3 và 86,7%. Bên cạnh đó, chất chiết xuất của T. nigrovenulossa cũng cho thấy tỷ lệ ức chế trứng nở cao. Cụ thể là sau 3 ngày xử lý với chất chiết xuất của T. nigrovenulossa, tỷ lệ ức chế trứng không nở là 60,0; 45,8; 17,5 và 5,8% at 0,1; 0,5; 1,0 và 2,0 mg/ml theo thứ tự. Sau 6 ngày xử lý với chất chiết xuất của T. nigrovenulossa, tỷ lệ ức chế trứng nở là 65,0; 50,8; 21,7 và 6,7% tại nồng độ 0,1; 0,5; 1,0 và 2,0 mg/ml theo thứ tự. Tỷ lệ gây chết và tỷ lệ ức chế của chất chiết xuất phụ thuộc vào cả thời gian và nồng độ xử lý.
10
FATEMI, EHSAN, und HABIBALLAH CHAREHGANI. „Root Lesion Nematode Pratylenchus thornei“. Plant Pathology Science 7, Nr. 1 (01.03.2018): 28–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.29252/pps.7.1.28.
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Riley, I. T., und S. J. Kelly. „Endoparasitic nematodes in cropping soils of Western Australia“. Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 42, Nr. 1 (2002): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea01054.
Annotation:
Soil samples were collected in Western Australia from cereal fields at about harvest time to determine levels of the endoparasitic nematodes, Pratylenchus and Heterodera. A systematic survey in 1997 and 1998 centred on the 40 shires with the highest proportion of cereal cropping. One hundred and eighty samples were collected in 1997 and 227 in 1998 at 10-km intervals along north–south transects 35 km apart. A targeted survey in 1997 included 98 soil samples from fields selected by growers as having poor productivity without an evident cause. No Heterodera cysts were found in any survey sample but these could be extracted from soils previously known to be infested. Pratylenchus neglectus was most commonly detected followed by P. thornei and P. zeae. Populations identified as P. brachyurus, P. penetrans, P. scribneri, and an undescribed species similar to P. thornei were also found. Overall Pratylenchus was extracted from 63% of samples (mean 1.1, median 0.3, max. 22.0/mL of soil). Maps of the data indicate that Pratylenchus populations were aggregated with some areas having relatively light infestations. There was a positive relationship with the intensity of cereal cropping and a negative relationship with pulse cropping. The findings indicate that potentially damaging Pratylenchus numbers occur in a significant proportion of fields and highlight the need to develop and implement strategies to lower population densities.
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WingChing-Jones, Rodolfo, und Luis Salazar Figueroa. „Yearly nematode population variation in Stargrass, Tannergrass, Smutgrass and Setariagrass in Alajuela, Costa Rica“. UNED Research Journal 7, Nr. 1 (05.06.2015): 49–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.22458/urj.v7i1.861.
Annotation:
Nematode populations can affect productivity in cattle grasslands.Every 30 days from January 2004 to January 2005 we measured nematodepopulations in grass rhizospheres in northeastern Costa Rica.The substrate, sampling moment, and their interaction, were significant factors in the populations (p<0,05). We found Pratylenchus sp.,Helicotylenchus sp., Tylenchus sp. and non-parasitic nematodes (1,02;2,36, 1,28 y 3,87 log10 N° nematodes per 100g of roots respectively)in Stargrass throughout the year. Criconemella sp., Hemicycliophorasp., Ditylenchus sp. and Xiphinema sp. were occasionally identified. In Smutgrass, Meloidogyne sp., Pratylenchus sp., Paratylenchus sp and non-parasitic nematodes were identified (2,56; 2,51; 3,47 y 3,53 log10 N° nematodes per 100g of roots respectively).The size of plant-arasitic nematode populations in the roots was surprisingly high. We also found Pratylenchus sp., Helicotylenchus sp. and non-parasitic nematodes in Setariagrass roots, with densities of 2,92, 2,02 and 3,57 log10 N° nematodes per 100g respectively. Finally, in Tannergrass, Pratylenchus sp., Helicotylenchus sp. and non-parasitic nematodes were present (3,99; 1,47 and 3,79 log10 N°. nematodes roots 100g respectively).
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Smiley, Richard W., Guiping Yan und Jennifer A. Gourlie. „Selected Pacific Northwest Rangeland and Weed Plants as Hosts of Pratylenchus neglectus and P. thornei“. Plant Disease 98, Nr. 10 (Oktober 2014): 1333–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-12-13-1295-re.
Annotation:
Eighteen rangeland plants and 16 weed species were assayed in the greenhouse for efficiency as hosts of Pratylenchus neglectus and P. thornei. Hosting ability ratings were assigned using the ratio of final versus initial nematode density and by comparing the final nematode density to that of susceptible wheat controls. Good hosts of both Pratylenchus spp. included thickspike bluegrass ‘Critana’, smooth brome ‘Manchar’, seven wheatgrasses, and jointed goatgrass. Good hosts of P. neglectus but not P. thornei included two hairy vetches, western wheatgrass ‘Rosana’, big bluegrass ‘Sherman’, tall wheatgrass ‘Alkar’, green foxtail, kochia, large crabgrass, palmer amaranth, redroot pigweed, tumble mustard, and wild oat. Good hosts of P. thornei but not P. neglectus included hard fescue ‘Durar’, sheep fescue ‘Blacksheep’, downy brome, and rattail fescue. Poor or minor hosts of both Pratylenchus spp. included two alfalfas, dandelion, horseweed, lambsquarters, prostrate spurge, and Russian thistle. These assays will provide guidance for transitioning rangeland into crop production and for understanding the role of weeds on densities of Pratylenchus spp. in wheat-production systems.
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Smiley, Richard W., Jason G. Sheedy und Sandra A. Easley. „Vertical Distribution of Pratylenchus spp. in Silt Loam Soil and Pacific Northwest Dryland Crops“. Plant Disease 92, Nr. 12 (Dezember 2008): 1662–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-92-12-1662.
Annotation:
Dryland field crops in the Pacific Northwest United States are commonly produced in silt loams infested by the root-lesion nematodes Pratylenchus neglectus and P. thornei. Soils at 30 sites in Oregon were sampled from 0 to 120 cm depth to examine the vertical distribution of these Pratylenchus spp. Both species were distributed through entire soil profiles of all cropping systems. Populations were generally greatest in the surface 30 cm, but sometimes high populations were detected at depths greater than 45 cm. Sampling to 30 cm depth allowed detection of more than 50% of the population in most sites, while sampling to 45 cm depth yielded more than 75% of the population in over 75% of the sites evaluated. Therefore, soil samples should be collected to 30 to 45 cm depth to accurately estimate populations of Pratylenchus spp. in dryland crops produced on silt loams in the Pacific Northwest. Populations of Pratylenchus spp. were found to be related to the most recently planted crop, with populations after barley, after wheat, and during summer fallow being detected in ascending order.
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Gray, Michael, Horacio Lopez-Nicora, Tesfamariam Mekete, Terry Niblack und Kimberly Reynolds. „Distribution and diversity of root-lession nematode (Pratylenchus spp.) associated with Miscanthus × giganteus and Panicum virgatum used for biofuels, and species identification in a multiplex polymerase chain reaction“. Nematology 13, Nr. 6 (2011): 673–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/138855410x538153.
Annotation:
AbstractThe distribution of Pratylenchus spp. from bioenergy field plots in six states (Illinois, Iowa, South Dakota, Kentucky, Tennessee, Georgia) of the USA were surveyed. The species were identified based on morphology and morphometrics and further characterised based on fragment sequences of the 28S rRNA of the D2-D3 region. The region revealed variations in sequencing information that supports the morphological identification. In this work, six Pratylenchus spp. were detected: Pratylenchus brachyurus, P. crenatus, P. hexincisus, P. neglectus, P. penetrans and P. scribneri. Pratylenchus scribneri, P. crenatus, and P. penetrans were distributed most widely, with detection of 34, 29 and 15%, respectively. Pratylenchus hexincisus, P. brachyurus and P. neglectus were distributed sporadically, with detection rates of 10.0, 2.6 and 2.0%, respectively. A one-step multiplex PCR was developed for the simultaneous detection of P. scribneri, P. crenatus and P. penetrans. Sequence data from this research and NCBI were used to generate different primer sets that are species-specific. We have therefore designed three sets of primers that discriminate P. scribneri, P. crenatus and P. penetrans in multiplex PCR. All the tested primers have shown specificity and have no cross-reaction with the non-target species. When used in a uniplex, duplex and triplex PCR, the selected three primers gave a unique electrophoretic DNA banding pattern characterised by a single DNA fragment for P. scribneri (ca 750), P. crenatus (ca 690), and P. penetrans (ca 520). The method could be used for routine diagnostic programmes.
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Pereira, Amanda Casagrande, Luciana Claudia Toscano, Alexandra Botelho Abreu, Noemi Souza Vieira und Pamella Mingotti Dias. „OCORRÊNCIA DE NEMATÓIDES FITOPARASITOS EM SOLO CULTIVADO COM ALGODÃO E SOJA“. JOURNAL OF NEOTROPICAL AGRICULTURE 2, Nr. 4 (04.12.2015): 14–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.32404/rean.v2i4.276.
Annotation:
O objetivo da pesquisa foi identificar a dinâmica populacional das espécies de nematóides nas culturas de algodão e soja em Cassilândia-MS. O experimento foi instalado na Universidade Estadual de Mato Grosso do Sul (UEMS), em duas áreas com 500 m² para cada cultura. As coletas de solo e raiz foram realizadas a cada 15 dias desde o início até o término das culturas, totalizando oito coletas. As amostras coletadas foram encaminhadas para o laboratório da Fundação Chapadão, em Chapadão do Sul-MS. Os nematóides identificados nas culturas foram dos gêneros Pratylenchus, Meloidogyne, Heterodera, Helicotylenchus, Mesocriconema, sendo a maior população encontrada para o gênero Pratylenchus, variando de 10 a 100 indivíduos/100 cm3 de solo para nos cultivos de soja e algodão. Quanto à ocorrência nas raízes houve variação de 560 a 5100 indivíduos/10 g para a soja, e de 70 a 2400/10 g para algodão. Os nematóides encontrados nas culturas de algodão e soja foram: Pratylenchus sp., P. zeae, P. brachyurus e Heterodera sp. O gênero Helicotylenchus sp. infectou somente o algodão e Meloidogyne sp. e Mesocriconema sp. exclusivamente a cultura da soja.Palavras-chave: Fitonematóides, Helicotylenchus, Pratylenchus, Heterodera, Meloidogy
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Tanimola, A. A., O. Olotu und A. O. Asimiea. „Occurrence, Diversity and Abundance of Nematode Pests of Pineapple (Ananas comosus) in Two Local Government Areas of Rivers State, Nigeria“. Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management 25, Nr. 4 (11.10.2021): 665–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jasem.v25i4.29.
Annotation:
Plant-parasitic nematodes (PPNs) contribute to yield losses in pineapple production. Limited studies have been conducted on plant-parasitic nematodes on pineapple despite reports of PPNs infecting it. A survey was conducted in Obio-Akpor and Ikwerre Local Government Areas (LGAs) of Rivers State to determine the occurrence, abundance and diversity of PPNs associated with pineapple. A total of 60 composite samples were collected from the two LGAs. Nematodes were extracted from soil and root samples using the modified Baermann technique and identified using standard procedures. Data were processed using relative frequency of occurrence (RFOC), relative importance values (RIVs), diversity indices, nematode population was calculated and analysis of variance. The most occurring plant-parasitic nematodes were Pratylenchus, Helicotylenchus, Meloidogyne, Scutellonema and Tylenchulus. In Obio Akpor LGA, Helicotylenchus with RFOC 33.3% was the most occurring nematode pests, while Pratylenchus was the most important plant-parasitic nematode (RIV 33.8%). In Ikwerre LGA, both Helicotylenchus and Pratylenchus have the same occurrence (RFOC 33.3%) with Pratylenchus being the most important nematode pest. Pratylenchus species with RIV of 52.4% were the most important PPNs associated with pineapple in both Obio-Akpor and Ikwerre LGAs. Dominance and Shannon- Weiner indices among the PPNs are 0.58 and 0.86, respectively. In Ikwerre and Obio-Akpor LGAs, Aluu (1530) and Rumuekini (630) pineapple farms have the highest population of PPNs, respectively. Ikwerre LGA (2,150) pineapple farms had more PPNs than Obio-Akpor LGA (660). Nematode pests are associated with pineapple in the two LGAs and could be contributing to yield losses.
18
Tanimola, A. A., O. Olotu und A. O. Asimiea. „Occurrence, Diversity and Abundance of Nematode Pests of Pineapple (Ananas comosus) in Two Local Government Areas of Rivers State, Nigeria“. Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management 25, Nr. 4 (11.10.2021): 665–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jasem.v25i4.29.
Annotation:
Plant-parasitic nematodes (PPNs) contribute to yield losses in pineapple production. Limited studies have been conducted on plant-parasitic nematodes on pineapple despite reports of PPNs infecting it. A survey was conducted in Obio-Akpor and Ikwerre Local Government Areas (LGAs) of Rivers State to determine the occurrence, abundance and diversity of PPNs associated with pineapple. A total of 60 composite samples were collected from the two LGAs. Nematodes were extracted from soil and root samples using the modified Baermann technique and identified using standard procedures. Data were processed using relative frequency of occurrence (RFOC), relative importance values (RIVs), diversity indices, nematode population was calculated and analysis of variance. The most occurring plant-parasitic nematodes were Pratylenchus, Helicotylenchus, Meloidogyne, Scutellonema and Tylenchulus. In Obio Akpor LGA, Helicotylenchus with RFOC 33.3% was the most occurring nematode pests, while Pratylenchus was the most important plant-parasitic nematode (RIV 33.8%). In Ikwerre LGA, both Helicotylenchus and Pratylenchus have the same occurrence (RFOC 33.3%) with Pratylenchus being the most important nematode pest. Pratylenchus species with RIV of 52.4% were the most important PPNs associated with pineapple in both Obio-Akpor and Ikwerre LGAs. Dominance and Shannon- Weiner indices among the PPNs are 0.58 and 0.86, respectively. In Ikwerre and Obio-Akpor LGAs, Aluu (1530) and Rumuekini (630) pineapple farms have the highest population of PPNs, respectively. Ikwerre LGA (2,150) pineapple farms had more PPNs than Obio-Akpor LGA (660). Nematode pests are associated with pineapple in the two LGAs and could be contributing to yield losses.
19
Swibawa, I. Gede, Irma Amaliah und Titik Nur Aeny. „PENGARUH INFESTASI NEMATODA Pratylenchus TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN NENAS [Ananas comosus (L.) Merr.]“. Jurnal Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Tropika 1, Nr. 1 (02.03.2001): 25–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.23960/j.hptt.1125-28.
Annotation:
Pratylenchus is an important parasitic nematode on pineapples in the world. This plant parasitic nematodes may cause severe damages on roots, resulted in retarded plant growth. The experiment consisted of four Pratylenchus population levels per plant with 4 replications. The experiment was conducted on June to September 1999, on PT. Great Giant Pineapple Company (GGPC) in Central Lampung District. The aim of the research was to study the nematode population effects on root damages and plant growth. The result showed that smooth cayenne variety was a favorable host of Pratylenchus. Rapid rate of nematode population occurred in three months. The root damage of infested plant with as much as 100 - 300 nematodes per plant was up to 20.39 - 31.72 percent and caused canopy wet weight was a half lower than those untreated plant.
20
Blair, B. L., G. R. Stirling und P. J. L. Whittle. „Distribution of pest nematodes on sugarcane in south Queensland and relationship to soil texture, cultivar, crop age and region“. Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 39, Nr. 1 (1999): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea98085.
Annotation:
Summary. Five plant–parasitic nematode species were found to be widespread on sugarcane crops surveyed in south Queensland, namely Pratylenchus zeae, Meloidogyne javanica, Paratrichodorus minor, Helicotylenchus dihystera and Tylenchorhynchus annulatus. Apart from Meloidogyne, high nematode populations were found in most soil types, suggesting more extensive crop losses could be occurring than previously estimated. The most important pests were P. zeae and M. javanica, as they were often found at high densities and their pathogenicity on sugarcane is established. Mean densities for most nematode genera did not differ significantly between sugarcane cultivars, except that fewer Pratylenchus were associated with cultivar CP51-21 than other cultivars surveyed. The density of Pratylenchus in roots was significantly higher in plant crops than in ratoon crops, whereas the density of Paratrichodorus was highest in first and second ratoons.
21
Oliveira, Kethelin Cristine Laurindo de, Dejânia Vieira de Araújo, Tainara Porcher, João Paulo Ascari, Danielle Storck-Tonon, Cinthia Ramona Jiraneck da Rosa, Renan da Costa Vieira, Matheus Peixoto de Lima, Sumaya Ferreira Guedes und Domingos de Jesus Rodrigues. „Distribuição populacional do nematoide das lesões radiculares no estado de Mato Grosso, Brasil“. Research, Society and Development 11, Nr. 17 (19.12.2022): e25111738203. http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v11i17.38203.
Annotation:
O nematoide das lesões radiculares tem causado danos econômicos crescentes nas culturas de explorações agropecuárias no Brasil, especialmente na região Centro-Oeste. Objetivou-se neste trabalho conhecer a distribuição do nematoide das lesões radiculares, Pratylenchus spp., no Estado de Mato Grosso, possibilitando conhecer as localidades com maior concentração deste nematoide ao longo do tempo. Através de dados obtidos de laudos emitidos no período de 2006 a 2015 foram realizadas análises de abundância, frequência de ocorrência, autocorrelação e confeccionados mapas da densidade populacional de Pratylenchus spp. no Estado. Também foram analisados dados anuais de temperatura média, pluviosidade anual, produtividade e área plantada no Estado no período. O gênero Pratylenchus está presente em 85% das amostras, apresentando perante a outros gêneros fitopatogênicos uma abundância de 76% de incidência. Os municípios de Sapezal (12%), Sorriso (9%), Diamantino (8%), Campo Novo do Parecis (8%), Primavera do leste (6%), Sinop (5%), Nova Mutum (4%) e Querência (4%) foram os que apresentaram maior abundancia de Pratylenchus spp., indicando alto nível de infestação do patógeno na região central do Estado de Mato Grosso, sendo o ano de 2011 o que apresentou maior infestação. Observou-se que houve aumento na área plantada, porém a produtividade se manteve próxima a média de 3,405 Kg ha-1, anos com pluviosidade acima de 1100 mm apresentaram aumento populacional do nematoide, a temperatura média de 25°C demonstrou ser ideal para seu desenvolvimento, demonstrando que o Pratylenchus spp. possui um ambiente favorável no Estado de Mato Grosso para seu aumento populacional, devido as condições climáticas serem propicias, tendo o produtor que utilizar táticas de manejo para o seu controle para minimizar perdas em suas lavouras.
22
Cui, Jiang-Kuan, Wen-Kun Huang, Huan Peng, Yan Lv, Ling-An Kong, Hui-Xia Li, Shu-Jie Luo, Yan Wang und De-Liang Peng. „Efficacy Evaluation of Seed-Coating Compounds Against Cereal Cyst Nematodes and Root Lesion Nematodes on Wheat“. Plant Disease 101, Nr. 3 (März 2017): 428–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-06-16-0862-re.
Annotation:
Cereal cyst nematodes (Heterodera avenae and H. filipjevi) and root lesion nematodes (Pratylenchus spp.) have been found to infect cereals in 16 provinces of China. To develop a nematicide that effectively controls nematodes, two novel chemical products, methylene bis thiocyanate (MBT) and MBT + thiamethoxam (MTT); four common pesticides, fipronil + chlorpyrifos (FIC), emamectin benzoate, imidacloprid, and Bacillus thuringiensis; and one fungicide, iprodione, were tested as seed coatings for the control of cereal cysts and root lesion nematodes from 2013 to 2015. Wheat seeds were treated with these seven seed coatings before sowing, and changes in the numbers of Heterodera spp. and Pratylenchus spp. were recorded during three different growth stages. Wheat yields were also compared after harvest. All treatments reduced the numbers of Pratylenchus in wheat and of cysts and eggs of Heterodera in the soil compared with the untreated control. Among the treatments, application of MTT or FIC was more effective than that of the other treatments for nematode control, and the other treatments had similar effects. The results of this study have demonstrated that MTT and FIC applied as seed treatments effectively reduce the number of cysts, inhibit the reproduction of Heterodera and Pratylenchus, and enhance wheat yields. MTT and FIC are thus suitable for controlling nematodes on wheat under natural field conditions.
23
Olthof, Th H. A., und M. S. Wolynetz. „Pratylenchus penetrans and P. neglectus in tubers of potato (Solanum tuberosum) in Ontario“. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 71, Nr. 4 (01.10.1991): 1251–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps91-173.
Annotation:
Root-lesion nematodes (Pratylenchus penetrans) were extracted from peels of potato tubers (Solanum tuberosum 'Russet Burbank'). The average number of P. penetrans recovered over a 2-wk period in a mist chamber from four batches of tubers, stored for 3–18 wk at 7 °C in a cold room, ranged from 11 to 1925 nematodes tuber−1. An average of 374 Pratylenchus neglectus tuber−1 were recovered from the peels of potato Norchip, grown in soil containing on average 4370 nematodes kg−1 of soil at harvest, and stored for 19 wk at 7 °C. P. penetrans and P. neglectus were recovered only from the outer layer of potato tubers; none was found in the inner core. Planting halves of tubers containing an average of 1925 P. penetrans tuber−1 into nematode-free soil resulted in soil population densities of 2225 P. penetrans kg−1 of soil and root population densities of 884 nematodes root system−1 after 8 wk in the greenhouse. Although many, if not most, potato fields in southern Ontario are already infested by P. penetrans, these studies have shown that stored, infested tubers can initiate a new infestation. Key words: Peel, potato tuber, Pratylenchus neglectus, Pratylenchus penetrans, root-lesion nematode, Solanum tuberosum
24
RASPUDIC, E., M. IVEZIC und D. SAMOTA. „Pratylenchus species of soybean in Croatia1“. EPPO Bulletin 24, Nr. 2 (Juni 1994): 399–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2338.1994.tb01396.x.
25
Mojtahedi, H. „Pratylenchus neglectuson Dryland Wheat in Washington“. Plant Disease 76, Nr. 3 (1992): 323A. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pd-76-0323a.
26
Baldisera, Sephora Serrano, Raiane Pereira Schwengber, Paulo Giliard da Silva Ferreira, Ezilda Jacomassi, Zilda Cristiani Gazim und Simone de Melo Santana‐Gomes. „Achillea millefolium antagonism to Pratylenchus brachyurus“. Journal of Phytopathology 169, Nr. 1 (18.11.2020): 28–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jph.12955.
27
B, Avhad Sunil, und Hiware Chandrashekhar J. „Studies on Population Dynamics of Pratylenchus sp. (Filipjev, 1936) about Soil Abiotic Factor in the Mulberry Field at Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India“. Shanlax International Journal of Arts, Science and Humanities 8, S1-Feb (06.02.2021): 67–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.34293/sijash.v8is1-feb.3933.
Annotation:
In the present study, the monthly population fluctuation of Pratylenchus sp. (Filipjev, 1936) is ascertain about soil temperature, moisture, pH in mulberry (Morus alba L.) field with economic importance within the sericulture. The studies target is to grasp the influence and impact of those soil abiotic factors on the population of those plant-parasitic nematodes and Correlation coefficients (r) between mean population Pratylenchus spand different soil abiotic factors in Aurangabad Mulberry garden.
28
Waeyenberge, Lieven, Alexander Ryss, Maurice Moens, Jorge Pinochet und Thierry Vrain. „Molecular characterisation of 18 Pratylenchus species using rDNA Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism“. Nematology 2, Nr. 2 (2000): 135–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156854100509024.
Annotation:
AbstractThe RFLP technique was used to establish a reliable diagnostic method for 18 Pratylenchus species: Pratylenchus agilis, P. bolivianus, P. brachyurus, P. coffeae, P. crenatus, P. fallax, P. goodeyi, P. loosi, P. mediterraneus, P. neglectus, P. penetrans, P. pratensis, P. pseudocoffeae, P. scribneri, P. subranjani, P. thornei, P. vulnus and P. zeae. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplified the ITS regions from all species and populations examined and revealed large differences in length, ranging in size from approximately 900 to 1250 bp. The rDNA fragments were digested with five restriction enzymes (CfoI, DdeI, HindIII, HpaII, and PstI). All Pratylenchus species can be differentiated from each other by a combination of at least two enzymes. CfoI differentiated all nematode species with the exception of P. fallax, P. penetrans and P. pseudocoffeae. P. fallax was further separated by a DdeI restriction, and P. pseudocoffeae by a PstI digestion. Intraspecific RFLP were observed. Upon CfoI, DdeI, HindIII, or HpaII digestion, it was possible to separate the three P. coffeae populations studied from each other. La technique RFLP a été utilisée pour créer une méthode fiable de diagnostic pour 18 espèces de Pratylenchus: Pratylenchus agilis, P. bolivianus, P. brachyurus, P. coffeae, P. crenatus, P. fallax, P. goodeyi, P. loosi, P. mediterraneus, P. neglectus, P. penetrans, P. pratensis, P. pseudocoffeae, P. scribneri, P. subranjani, P. thornei, P. vulnus et P. zeae. La réaction de polymérisation en chaîne (PCR) a amplifié les régions de l’ITS pour toutes les espèces et populations étudiées et a mis en évidence de grandes différences dans la taille des gammes de longueur, de 900 à 1250 bp approximativement. Les fragments de rDNA ont été digérés à l’aide de cinq enzymes de restriction (CfoI, DdeI, HindIII, HpaII, and PstI). Toutes les espèces de Pratylenchus ont pu être différenciées les unes des autres par une combinaison d’au moins deux enzymes. CfoI a différencié toutes les espèces à l’exception de P. fallax, P. penetrans et P. pseudocoffeae. P. fallax a été ultérieurement séparé par une restriction DdeI, et P. pseudocoffeae par une digestion PstI. Des RFLP intraspécifiques ont été observés. Par les digestions CfoI, DdeI, HindIII, ou HpaII, il s’est révélé possible de séparer les unes des autres les trois populations étudiées de P. coffeae.
29
Mekete, Tesfamariam, Kimberly Reynolds, Horacio D. Lopez-Nicora, Michael E. Gray und Terry L. Niblack. „Plant-Parasitic Nematodes Are Potential Pathogens of Miscanthus × giganteus and Panicum virgatum Used for Biofuels“. Plant Disease 95, Nr. 4 (April 2011): 413–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-05-10-0335.
Annotation:
A survey of Miscanthus × giganteus and switchgrass plots throughout the midwestern and southeastern United States was conducted to determine the occurrence and distribution of plant-parasitic nematodes associated with these biofuel crops. During 2008, rhizosphere soil samples were collected from 24 Miscanthus × giganteus and 38 switchgrass plots in South Dakota, Iowa, and Illinois. Additional samples were collected from 11 Miscanthus × giganteus and 10 switchgrass plots in Illinois, Kentucky, Georgia, and Tennessee the following year. The 11 dominant genera recovered from the samples were Pratylenchus, Helicotylenchus, Xiphinema, Longidorus, Heterodera, Hoplolaimus, Tylenchorhynchus, Criconemella, Paratrichodorus, Hemicriconemoides, and Paratylenchus. Populations of Helicotylenchus, Xiphinema, and Pratylenchus were common and recorded in 90.5, 83.8, and 91.9% of the soil samples from Miscanthus × giganteus, respectively, and in 91.6, 75, and 83.3% of the soil samples from switchgrass, respectively. Prominence value (PV) (PV = population density × √frequency of occurrence/10) was calculated for the nematodes identified. Helicotylenchus had the highest PV (PV = 384) and was followed by Xiphinema (PV = 152) and Pratylenchus (PV = 72). Several of the nematode species associated with the two biofuels crops were plant parasites. Of these, Pratylenchus penetrans, P. scribneri, P. crenatus, Helicotylenchus pseudorobustus, Hoplolaimus galeatus, X. americanum, and X. rivesi are potentially the most damaging pests to Miscanthus × giganteus and switchgrass. Due to a lack of information, the damaging population thresholds of plant-parasitic nematodes to Miscanthus × giganteus and switchgrass are currently unknown. However, damage threshold value ranges have been reported for other monocotyledon hosts. If these damage threshold value ranges are any indication of the population densities required to impact Miscanthus × giganteus and switchgrass, then every state surveyed has potential for yield losses due to plant-parasitic nematodes. Specifically, Helicotylenchus, Xiphinema, Pratylenchus, Hoplolaimus, Tylenchorhynchus, Criconemella, and Longidorus spp. were all found to have population densities within or above the threshold value ranges reported for other monocotyledon hosts.
30
Navas-Cortés, Juan, Blanca Landa, Nicola Vovlas, Gracia Liébanas, Pablo Castillo, Juan Palomares-Rius und Sergei Subbotin. „Description of Pratylenchus hispaniensis n. sp. from Spain and considerations on the phylogenetic relationship among selected genera in the family Pratylenchidae“. Nematology 12, Nr. 3 (2010): 429–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/138855409x12559479585043.
Annotation:
AbstractA new amphimictic species, Pratylenchus hispaniensis n. sp., parasitising the roots of gum cistus in Andújar (Jaén), southern Spain, is described. The new species is characterised by the presence of numerous males and by the female having a lip region with three annuli, a divided face, a robust stylet (14.5-17.0 μm) with rounded knobs, lateral fields with four lines, V = 80-84, a round spermatheca full of sperm, well developed post-vulval uterine sac and an obliquely truncate tail with irregularly annulated terminus. Morphologically this species is related to P. bhatti, P. kralli, P. mediterraneus, P. pseudofallax and P. thornei. A phenetic study of the 25 most useful diagnostic morphological and allometric characters for Pratylenchus species was done using multivariate factor and linear discriminant analyses. In the factor analysis the first seven factors accounted for 71.1% of the total variance of the characters selected. These factors were related to female tail, pharyngeal overlap, reproductive behaviour, stylet length, L/post-vulval uterine sac ratio, body length and number of lip annuli. Discriminant analysis differentiated Pratylenchus spp. from the three valid species of Zygotylenchus. The results of the phylogenetic analysis based on sequences of the D2-D3 expansion regions of 28S, partial 18S and ITS rRNA genes confirmed the close relationship of P. hispaniensis n. sp. with P. mediterraneus and inferred molecular affinity with P. brzeskii, P. neglectus and P. thornei, in spite of variation in the position of P. hispaniensis n. sp. in the clades. Additional phylogenetic analyses based on the same sets of sequences for P. hispaniensis n. sp., Zygotylenchus guevarai and other Pratylenchidae indicated that Pratylenchus includes several paraphyletic lineages; however, likelihood tests did not reject monophyly of the genus. The inclusion of Pratylenchus, Zygotylenchus, Hirschmanniella, Nacobbus and Apratylenchus in Pratylenchidae was supported.
31
Elhady, Ahmed, Torsten Thünen, Frank Höppner, Christiane Balko, Holger Heuer und Johannes Hallmann. „Evaluation of soybean cultivars for their susceptibility to root-lesion nematodes under temperate conditions“. Nematology 21, Nr. 5 (2019): 523–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685411-00003232.
Annotation:
Summary Soybean, Glycine max, is a relatively new crop in Europe gaining increasing interest for its potential to fix atmospheric nitrogen and thus increase sustainability of modern agricultural production systems. Under temperate conditions, root-lesion nematodes (Pratylenchus spp.) are one of the most prominent plant-parasitic nematode taxa of economic concern in soybean. Here, we investigated the susceptibility of soybean cultivars towards naturally occurring populations of Pratylenchus spp. and their effects on soybean yield. At the site Bundesallee the cultivars ‘Abelina’, ‘Primus’ and ‘Taifun3’ supported the highest infestation and multiplication of a mixed population of P. neglectus and P. crenatus, while ‘Sultana’ and ‘Solena’ were least susceptible. At the field site Groß Lüsewitz, ‘Primus’ and ‘Merlin’ cultivars were significantly more susceptible to P. neglectus than ‘Sultana’. Soybean yield was reduced by high initial densities of Pratylenchus spp. Results are expected to contribute to a better nematode management.
32
Dias-Arieira, Cláudia Regina, Cleber Furlanetto, Simone de Melo Santana, Davi Antonio Oliveira Barizão, Regina Cássia Ferreira Ribeiro und Heloísa Maria Formentini. „Fitonematoides associados a frutíferas na região Noroeste do Paraná, Brasil“. Revista Brasileira de Fruticultura 32, Nr. 4 (26.11.2010): 1064–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-29452010005000119.
Annotation:
Com o objetivo de estudar a ocorrência de nematoides fitoparasitos em frutíferas cultivadas na região noroeste do Paraná, realizou-se um levantamento, envolvendo 124 amostras de solo e raízes coletadas de 19 espécies de frutíferas, em 15 municípios, no período de dezembro/2007 a fevereiro/2009. As amostras foram submetidas a extrações e avaliadas sob microscópio óptico. Foram constatados nove diferentes gêneros de nematoides. Em citros, a espécie mais frequente e abundante foi Tylenchulus semipenetrans, sendo também recuperados das amostras os gêneros Meloidogyne, Pratylenchus, Helicotylenchus, Xiphinema, Trichodorus, Mesocriconema e Dolichodorus. Nas demais frutíferas, os gêneros observados foram Meloidogyne, Pratylenchus, Helicotylenchus e Hemicycliophora. A maior abundância de Pratylenchus brachyurus ocorreu em abacaxizeiro, Meloidogyne incognita em figueira e caquizeiro, e Helicotylenchus dihystera e H. multicinctus em bananeira. Os principais gêneros de fitonematoides foram constatados em aproximadamente 50% das amostras, podendo representar risco para fruteiras da região se não manejados adequadamente.
33
JESUS, ALNIUSA MARIA DE, ELVIRA MARIA REGIS PEDROSA, JOÃO BATISTA RIBEIRO DA SILVA REIS und ANDRÉA CHAVES FIUZA PORTO. „MORPHOLOGICAL AND MORPHOMETRIC CHARACTERIZATION OF PRATYLENCHUS SPECIES IN SUGARCANE CROPPING AREAS OF PERNAMBUCO STATE“. Revista Caatinga 33, Nr. 3 (September 2020): 599–607. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252020v33n303rc.
Annotation:
ABSTRACT The root-lesion nematodes Pratylenchus spp. have a wide geographic distribution and a large number of host plants. These migratory endoparasites are found associated with sugarcane around the world causing diseases that induce permanent losses in productivity. Although this genus has ordinarily been reported in low-producing sugarcane areas in northeastern Brazil, studies of the species occurrence are few and restricted to a very low number of sites and samples. This study aimed to morphologically and morphometrically characterize Pratylenchus species from different sugarcane regions of Pernambuco state, where composite samples of soil and roots were collected on 30 farms from three sugarcane mills. The external morphological characters of the nematode body from different populations had a diagnostic value compatible with those obtained in the literature, showing the dominance of P. zeae (87%) in the region. Atypical populations of the genus Pratylenchus were also found.
34
Kawanobe, Masanori, Soh Sugihara, Naoko Miyamaru, Koichi Yoshida, Eito Nonomura, Hiroaki Oshiro und Koki Toyota. „Distribution of Root-Lesion and Stunt Nematodes, and Their Relationship with Soil Properties and Nematode Fauna in Sugarcane Fields in Okinawa, Japan“. Agronomy 10, Nr. 6 (27.05.2020): 762. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10060762.
Annotation:
Sugarcane cultivation in Japan has not yet focused on suppressing plant-parasitic nematodes. For proper nematode management, it is essential to know the spatial distribution of economically important plant-parasitic nematodes and free-living nematodes that play important roles in terrestrial ecosystems. We aimed to reveal nematode fauna and soil properties in 85 sugarcane fields of three major sugarcane producing islands in Japan, and to examine their relationship by using the mixed-effect model and by visualizing the spatial distributions using the inverse distance weighting (IDW) approach. The nematode community structures were analyzed by non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS). Among plant-parasitic nematodes in sugarcane, the root-lesion nematodes (Pratylenchus sp.) and the stunt nematodes (Tylenchorhynchus sp.) were widely distributed in these islands, yet the abundance and the species varied geospatially. Soil pH was significantly correlated with the abundance of Pratylenchus and Tylenchorhynchus species. The abundance of Pratylenchus and Tylenchorhynchus species were significantly correlated with soil pH. The abundance of Pratylenchus was significantly correlated with the abundance of free-living nematodes, the number of free-living nematode species, and exchangeable cation K+, as were the abundance of Tylenchorhynchus to the clay content and that of non-Tylenchorhynchus. This study also revealed that the three islands had different nematode faunas, which were explained especially by soil pH, texture, and exchangeable basic cations.
35
Smiley, Richard W., Stephen Machado, Jennifer A. Gourlie, Larry C. Pritchett, Guiping Yan und Erling E. Jacobsen. „Effects of Crop Rotations and Tillage on Pratylenchus spp. in the Semiarid Pacific Northwest United States“. Plant Disease 97, Nr. 4 (April 2013): 537–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-08-12-0788-re.
Annotation:
There is interest in converting rainfed cropping systems in the Pacific Northwest from a 2-year rotation of winter wheat and cultivated fallow to direct-seed (no-till) systems that include chemical fallow, spring cereals, and food legume and brassica crops. Little information is available regarding effects of these changes on plant-parasitic nematodes. Eight cropping systems in a low-precipitation region (<330 mm) were compared over 9 years. Each phase of each rotation occurred each year. The density of Pratylenchus spp. was greater in cultivated than chemical fallow, became greater with increasing frequency of host crops, and was inversely associated with precipitation (R2 = 0.92, α < 0.01). Densities after harvesting mustard, spring wheat, winter wheat, and winter pea were greater (α < 0.01) than after harvesting spring barley or spring pea. Camelina also produced low densities. Winter wheat led to a greater density of Pratylenchus neglectus and spring wheat led to a greater density of P. thornei. Density of Pratylenchus spp. was correlated (R2 = 0.88, α < 0.01) but generally higher when detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction on DNA extracts from soil than when detected by a traditional method. Selection of different Pratylenchus spp. by different wheat cultivars or growth habit must be addressed to minimize the level of nematode risk to future plantings of intolerant crops.
36
Bahmani, Jebraeil, Farhad Khozeini, Shapour Barooti, Saeed Rezaee und Reza Ghaderi. „PLANT-PARASITIC NEMATODES ASSOCIATED WITH WALNUT IN THE SANANDEJ REGION OF WEST IRAN“. Journal of Plant Protection Research 53, Nr. 4 (01.10.2013): 404–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jppr-2013-0060.
Annotation:
Abstract A survey of plant-parasitic nematodes associated with walnut was carried out in the Sanandej region, of the province of Kurdistan, in western Iran, during the 2011-2012 time period. After taking samples from fifty-four localities and then doing the routine laboratory work for processing, fixing, and mounting of the nematodes, twenty-one species of plant-parasitic nematodes were finally identified. Among the identified species: Cacopaurus pestis, Mesocriconema xenoplax, Pratylenchus vulnus and Meloidogyne incognita are likely to cause damage. Spiral (Helicotylenchus crassatus, H. digonicus, H. pseudorobustus and H. vulgaris), ring (Mesocriconema antipolitanum and M. xenoplax) and root-lesion nematodes (Pratylenchus neglectus, P. thornei, P. vulnus and P. delattrei) were the most predominant nematodes in the sampled area (frequencies in soil were 87.0, 77.8, and 72.2% and 46.3, 20.4 and 14.8% in root samples, respectively). In the present study, Pratylenchus delattrei, Trophurus lomus, Paratylenchus similis, Geocenamus stegus, Helicotylenchus crassatus, Scutellonema brachyurus and Meloidogyne incognita were reported as new species associated with walnut in Iran.
37
Mokrini, Fouad, Salah-Eddine Laasli, Youssef Karra, Aicha El Aissami und Abdelfattah A. Dababat. „Diversity and incidence of plant-parasitic nematodes associated with saffron (Crocus sativus L.) in Morocco and their relationship with soil physicochemical properties“. Nematology 22, Nr. 1 (04.09.2019): 87–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685411-00003286.
Annotation:
Summary Saffron (Crocus sativus) fields in Morocco’s Taliouine and Taznakht regions were surveyed between January and April 2018 to study the diversity and incidence of plant-parasitic nematodes and assess the effects of soil physicochemical properties on the nematodes. Fourteen nematode genera were identified in soil and root samples collected from 66 saffron fields. The most common plant-parasitic nematodes in the Taliouine region were Pratylenchus spp. and Helicotylenchus spp. In the Taznakht region, the most common nematodes were Pratylenchus spp., Tylenchorhynchus spp. and Ditylenchus dipsaci. Nematodes, particularly Pratylenchus spp. and Ditylenchus spp., were abundant and frequent throughout the region. Several nematode genera were significantly associated with soil texture and mineral content, indicating that soil properties play an important role in plant-parasitic nematode communities. This description of plant-parasitic nematode assemblages associated with saffron fields in Morocco and their relationship with soil physicochemical properties provides a starting point from which appropriate nematode management strategies can be implemented.
38
Smiley, Richard W., Guiping Yan und Jennifer A. Gourlie. „Selected Pacific Northwest Crops as Hosts of Pratylenchus neglectus and P. thornei“. Plant Disease 98, Nr. 10 (Oktober 2014): 1341–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-12-13-1296-re.
Annotation:
Thirty crop species and cultivars were assayed in the greenhouse for efficiency as hosts of Pratylenchus neglectus and P. thornei. Hosting ability ratings were assigned using the ratio of final versus initial nematode density and also by comparing the final nematode density to that of a susceptible wheat control. Good hosts of both Pratylenchus spp. included oat ‘Monida’, chickpea ‘Myles’, and lentil ‘Athena’ and ‘Morton’. Good hosts of P. neglectus but not of P. thornei included 10 Brassica spp. (5 canola, 2 mustard, and 3 camelina cultivars), chickpea ‘Sierra’, sudangrass ‘Piper’, and sorghum/sudangrass hybrid ‘Greentreat Plus’. Good hosts of P. thornei but not of P. neglectus included lentil ‘Skyline’ and pea ‘Granger’, ‘Journey’, and ‘Universal’. Poor or minor hosts of both Pratylenchus spp. included chickpea ‘Dwelley’, pea ‘Badminton’, safflower ‘Gila’, ‘Girard’, and ‘KN 144’, sunflower ‘2PD08’, flax ‘Pembina’, eastern gamagrass ‘Pete’, and switchgrass ‘Blackwell’. Results of these assays will provide guidance for improving crop rotation and cultivar selection efficiencies.
39
İMREN, Mustafa. „Bazı Ekmeklik Buğday Çeşitlerinin Kök Yara Nematodları Pratylenchus thornei ve Pratylenchus neglectus’a (Tylenchida: Pratylenchidae) Karşı Dayanıklılıklarının Belirlenmesi“. Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi 21, Nr. 1 (24.12.2014): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.15832/tbd.76467.
40
Stoffelen, Ruth, Maria Isabel Jimenez, Christophe Dierckxsens, Vu Thi Thanh Tam, Rony Swennen und Dirk De Waele. „Effect of time and inoculum density on the reproductive fitness of Pratylenchus coffeae and Radopholus similis populations on carrot disks“. Nematology 1, Nr. 3 (1999): 243–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156854199508225.
Annotation:
Abstract The reproductive fitness of three Pratylenchus coffeae populations (Honduras, Ghana and Vietnam) and three Radopholus similis populations (Costa Rica, Cuba and Ghana) on carrot disks was studied as a function of time and inoculum densities. In the first study, the reproductive fitness of the isolates was followed during 11 weeks for P. coffeae and during 7 weeks for R. similis. All the populations increased with time. No distinction could be found in the maximum growth rate of the Pratylenchus populations. The R. similis population from Cuba had a higher maximum growth rate than those from Ghana and Costa Rica. All the Radopholus populations showed a faster multiplication than P. coffeae. In the second study, the influence of the inoculum density on the reproductive fitness was determined for the six populations. The differences in reproduction ratios confirmed the results of the first study. Effetde la duree et du taux d'inoculum sur la reproduction de trois populations de Pratylenchus coffeae et de Radopholus similis eleves sur rondelles de carottes - La reproduction de trois populations de Pratylenchus coffeae (Honduras, Ghana et Vietnam) et de trois populations de Radopholus similis (Costa Rica, Cuba et Ghana) a ete etudiee en elevages sur rondelles de carottes. Dans une premiere etude, la multiplication du P. coffeae a ete etudiee pendant 11 semaines et celle du R. similis pendant 7 semaines. Toutes les populations se sont accrues avec le temps. Aucune difference dans la vitesse de croissance maximale n'a ete observee entre les differentes populations de Pratylenchus. La population de R. similis provenant de Cuba a montre une vitesse de croissance plus elevee par rapport aux autres populations. Tous les isolats du R. similis ont montre une multiplication plus rapide que celle des isolats du P. coffeae. Dans la deuxieme etude, l'effet du taux d'inoculum sur la reproduction a ete determine. Les differences dans les taux de reproduction observees ont confirme les resultats obtenus dans la premiere etude.
41
Yadom Yao Francois Regis, Kouakou, Kra Kouame Daniel und Atta Diallo Hortense. „DISTRIBUTION AND DYNAMICS OF NEMATODE POPULATIONS ASSOCIATED WITH CASSAVA (MANIHOTESCULENTA CRANTZ) CULTIVATION IN TWO MAIN PRODUCTION AREAS IN COTE DIVOIRE“. International Journal of Advanced Research 8, Nr. 11 (30.11.2020): 226–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/12001.
Annotation:
Plant parasitic nematodes associated with cassava cultivation in Cote dIvoire have received very little public attention. This study aimsat updating information on nematodes associated with cassava. Surveys were carried out in cassava fieldsin five localities spread over two agroecological zones so as to collect cassava soil and root samples. The nematodes were extracted, identified, quantified and their distributionmapped. Sixteen nematode genera were extracted from cultivation soils, six of which includingGracilacus, Helicotylenchus, Meloidogyne, Pratylenchus, Radopholus and Tylenchulus were extracted from cassava roots. Gracilacus and Meloidogyne were extracted from cassava roots from all localities. Local and improved cassava varieties were infected with nematodes. Gracilacus was mainly extracted from cassava roots in Adzope, Agboville and Dabou at frequencies ranging from 48.43 to 56.58%. Meloidogyne and Pratylenchus were the main nematodes extracted from cultivation soils in Gagnoa (46.81%) and Yamoussoukro (78.15%) respectively. The numbers of Gracilacus in Adzope, Agboville and Dabou, Meloidogyne in Agboville, Dabou and Gagnoa, Pratylenchus in Dabou and Yamoussoukro and Radopholus in Adzope increased in cultivation soils with the age of cassava plants.
42
De Almeida, Alison V. D. L., Maria de Fatima S. Muniz, Marissônia De A. Noronha, Renan C. De Souza, Gilson M. Filho und Sara P. De Farias. „Scutellonema bradys and Pratylenchus spp. associated with weeds in yam fields“. Nematology 21, Nr. 8 (2019): 805–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685411-00003255.
Annotation:
Summary Dry root disease of yam (Dioscorea spp.), caused by Scutellonema bradys, Pratylenchus coffeae and P. brachyurus, is prominent among the plant disease problems of yam in Brazil. In order to evaluate the association of these nematode species with weeds, field sampling was performed during 2016 and 2017 in yam-growing areas with a history of the disease within the major counties in the state of Alagoas, Brazil. The frequency of occurrence of both weeds and nematodes was determined, in addition to the estimated population of nematodes in roots. Forty-three weed species were found, of which 23 were infected with at least one of the causal agents of the dry rot disease, Pratylenchus spp. being the most prevalent in the fields. Ageratum conyzoides, Commelina benghalensis and Emilia coccinea (in Zona da Mata) and C. benghalensis (Agreste region) were especially important due to their high frequency of occurrence and also for supporting populations of S. bradys and Pratylenchus spp. Cyperus flavus, E. coccinea and Spermacoce verticillata are now recorded as new weed species associated with S. bradys.
43
Yavuzaslanoglu, Elif, Ozlem Ates Sonmezoglu, Nimet Genc, Z. Mutlu Akar, Atilla Ocal, M. Sait Karaca, I. Halil Elekcioglu, V. Soner Ozsoy und Metin Aydogdu. „Occurrence and abundance of nematodes on onion in Turkey and their relationship with soil physicochemical properties“. Nematology 21, Nr. 10 (2019): 1063–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685411-00003275.
Annotation:
Summary The distribution of plant-feeding and free-living nematodes in large scale onion production areas in five geographical regions in Turkey was investigated in 2016 and 2017. Ditylenchus spp. and Tylenchus spp. were widely distributed. The stem and bulb nematode, Ditylenchus dipsaci, was found in 48 locations from 13 provinces. Other plant-feeding nematode genera were Pratylenchus, Paratylenchus and Pratylenchoides. Pratylenchus thornei was the most widely distributed root-lesion nematode species in onion fields in 11 locations from seven provinces. Pratylenchus neglectus was present in three locations and P. vulnus was in four locations. Aphelenchus spp. and Aphelenchoides spp. were the principal fungal-feeding nematodes in onion-growing areas. The most abundant bacterial-feeding nematode genera were Acrobeloides, Cephalobus, Eucephalobus and Rhabditis. Acrobeles and Wilsonema genera were low in occurrence and abundance. Nematodes from Dorylaimida and predator nematodes, Mononchus spp., were also found. The numbers of Ditylenchus from plant samples were significantly correlated positively to silt content, and significantly correlated negatively to organic matter and calcium content.
44
Nzogela, Yasinta Beda, Sofie Landschoot, Ashura-Luzi Kihupi, Danny L. Coyne und Godelieve Gheysen. „Pathogenicity of the root-lesion nematode, Pratylenchus zeae, on rice genotypes under different hydro-ecologies in Tanzania“. Nematology 22, Nr. 2 (10.02.2020): 221–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685411-00003302.
Annotation:
Summary The root-lesion nematode, Pratylenchus zeae, is commonly found in upland rice fields. To measure the impact of the nematode on rice production, a screenhouse experiment was conducted using two farmer-adapted Oryza sativa cultivars, ‘Supa’ (‘SurinamV-880’) and ‘SARO-5’ (‘TXD 306’), under flooded, upland and drought water regimes imposed at 7 days post-inoculation of mixed-stage nematodes (200, 500, 1000, 3000 and 10 000 plant−1). Growth and yield parameters were recorded, and the experiment was terminated after 5 months. ‘Supa’ was shown to be resistant to P. zeae, while ‘SARO-5’ was susceptible. Pratylenchus zeae reduced the growth and yield of both cultivars, though more for ‘SARO-5’ than for ‘Supa’. Yield decreased with increasing final nematode densities. Pratylenchus zeae reproduction was highest at 200 and 500 inoculum levels and under upland water conditions. The yield of ‘SARO-5’ was greater than that of ‘Supa’ under flooded conditions and with no or 200 and 500 nematode inoculum levels, but with high P. zeae inoculum ‘Supa’ yield was better than ‘SARO-5’.
45
Ramírez Bajaña, Leonel, Carmen Genoveva Triviño Gilces, Joffre Enrique León Paredes und Rosa Elena Guillén Mora. „Capacidad hospedera de la Chía (Salvia hispanica) a los nematodos Meloidogyne incognita, Meloidogyne graminicola y Pratylenchus sp”, bajo condiciones controladas“. Pro Sciences 4, Nr. 30 (29.01.2020): 25–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.29018/issn.2588-1000vol4iss30.2020pp25-35.
Annotation:
Los nematodos Meloidogyne incognita, Meloidogyne graminicola y Pratylenchus sp, son de mucha importancia económica para el Ecuador y en especial para la provincia de Los Ríos donde con frecuencia en el mismo campo se siembra arroz- soya- maíz, difícil de incluir otros cultivos en rotación con fines de manejo de estas tres especies de nematodos. Esta investigación se realizó en la Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias de la Universidad Técnica de Babahoyo, ubicada en el kilómetro 7 ½ de la vía Babahoyo-Montalvo. El objetivo fue evaluar la capacidad hospedera de la Chía a los nematodos Meloidogyne incognita, M. graminicola y Pratylenchus sp en condiciones controladas. Para cada especie de nematodos se utilizó 10 macetas llenas con suelo solarizado, en cada una se sembró una planta de chía y se inocularon individualmente con 2500 especímenes de los nematodos mencionados. Las 30 macetas se distribuyeron en un diseño Completamente al Azar. A los 60 días de inoculación se evaluó peso de raíces por planta, número de agallas por planta (Meloidogyne spp.), densidad poblacional de nematodos en suelo y raíces e índice de reproducción de las especies de nematodos investigados. Según los resultados obtenidos, el cultivo de chía silvestre variedad “semilla negra” es altamente susceptible al nematodo agallador de raíces, Meloidogyne incognita, e inmune a M. graminicola. Este cultivo se comportó como hospedero pobre de Pratylenchus sp (población maíz). El índice de reproducción de Meloidogyne incognita en 60 días fue cinco veces superior a la población inicial, y en Pratylenchus sp. fue de 0.3.
46
Guzmán-Hernández, Tomás De Jesús, Joaquín Durán-Mora, Wayner Montero-Carmona, Henry Vargas-Céspedes, Zulay Castro-Jiménez, Dinia Estela Carvajal-Vargas und Dany León-Arias. „Diagnóstico y dinámica poblacional de nematodos fitoparásitos en dos sistemas de cultivos de piña en Costa Rica“. Revista Tecnología en Marcha 27, Nr. 2 (01.05.2014): 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.18845/tm.v27i2.1928.
Annotation:
<p class="p1">La presente investigación determinó la presencia de géneros, densidad de población y dinámica poblacional de nematodos fitoparásitos en plantaciones de piña (<em>Ananas comosus, </em>var. <em>comosus</em>) en dos sistemas de cultivos en Costa Rica, período 2006-2008.</p> <p class="p1">El estudio comprendió un diagnóstico a nivel de suelo y raíz en plantas de dos a doce meses de edad que permitiera la determinación de la dinámica poblacional de los nematodos en los diferentes lotes cultivados de piña, durante el lapso de tiempo señalado en sistemas de cultivos convencionales y orgánicos en las regiones Huetar Norte y Huetar Atlántica de Costa Rica. Se seleccionaron lotes comerciales, los cuales fueron muestreados una vez al mes durante febrero a diciembre en los años 2006-2008. Se caracterizaron y cuantificaron los géneros de nematodos encontrados.</p> <p class="p1">El diagnóstico permitió la identificación de siete géneros a nivel de suelo: <em>Helicotylenchus </em>spp., <em>Meloidogyne </em>spp., <em>Pratylenchus </em>spp., <em>Tylenchus</em>, <em>Tylenchorhychus</em>, nematodos depredadores y de vida libre, donde el género <em>Helicotylenchus </em>spp. el que se indentificó con más frecuencia. La mayor población de nematodos fitoparásitos fue observada a nivel de suelo y correspondió a los géneros <em>Pratylenchus </em>spp. y <em>Helicotylenchus </em>spp.</p> <p class="p1">Los nematodos más frecuentemente observados en raíces de plantas de piña bajo técnicas orgánicas fueron: <em>Criconemella </em>spp., <em>Helicotylenchus </em>spp., <em>Pratylenchus </em>spp.; en el suelo se presentaron <em>Helicotylenchus </em>spp., y <em>Pratylenchus </em>spp., con frecuencias del 100%. En raíz y suelo de plantas de piña bajo técnicas convencionales el género <em>Helicotylenchus </em>spp. ,fue el más frecuente. El género <em>Pratylenchus </em>spp. presentó la densidad poblacional promedio más alta en la raíz en sistemas orgánicos y convencionales con 1.009,83 y 1.075,22 ind/100 g de raíz, respectivamente.</p> <p class="p1">En las áreas de manejo orgánico se presentó una mayor diversidad de géneros de nematodos en la raíz de la piña, los nueve géneros fitoparásitos que se observaron fueron: <em>Pratylenchus </em>spp., <em>Helicotylenchus </em>spp., <em>Meloidogyne </em>spp., <em>Haplolaimus </em>spp., <em>Tylenchus </em>spp., <em>Criconemella </em>spp. y <em>Xiphinema </em>spp. y nematodos de vida libre, en comparación con muestras de raíz de plantas con manejo convencional donde se presentaron seis géneros fitoparásitos (<em>Pratylenchus </em>spp., <em>Helicotylenchus </em>spp., <em>Nacobus </em>spp., <em>Tylenchus </em>spp., <em>Meloidogyne </em>spp.,<em>Criconemella </em>spp.) y nematodos de Vida Libre.</p> <p class="p1">A nivel de raíces, los géneros de nematodos identificados fueron cinco: <em>Helicotylenchus </em>spp., <em>Meloidogyne </em>spp.<em>, Pratylenchus </em>spp., <em>Rotylenchus </em>spp. y nematodos de vida libre. La mayor población de nematodos fitoparásitos observada a nivel de raíz corresponde a los géneros Helicotylenchus spp. con y <em>Pratylenchus </em>spp.</p> <p class="p1">Con manejo convencional se presentaron siete géneros de nematodos fitoparásitos (<em>Pratylenchus </em>spp., <em>Helicotylenchus </em>spp., <em>Tylenchus </em>spp., <em>Meloidogyne </em>spp., <em>Criconemella </em>spp., <em>Haplolaimus </em>spp. y <em>Tylenchorhynchus </em>spp. y nematodos de vida libre, mientras que en suelo de plantas cultivado con manejo orgánico se presentaron seis géneros fitoparásitos <em>Pratylenchus </em>spp., <em>Helicotylenchus </em>spp., <em>Tylenchus </em>spp., <em>Meloidogyne </em>spp., <em>Criconemella </em>spp. y <em>Rotylenchus </em>spp. y nematodos de Vida libre.</p>
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Rossi, Carlos Eduardo, Luiz Carlos Camargo Barbosa Ferraz, Amélio José Berti, Ana Cristina Magalhães Araújo und Lucas Marcon. „PRATILENCOSES DO FEIJOEIRO: LEVANTAMENTO DE OCORRÊNCIA NO SUDOESTE PAULISTA E HOSPEDABILIDADE DE CULTIVARES A Pratylenchus zeae“. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE - Revista de Agricultura 75, Nr. 3 (11.11.2015): 395. http://dx.doi.org/10.37856/bja.v75i3.1234.
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HARNI, RITA, SUPRAMANA SUPRAMANA, MEITY S. SINAGA, GIYANTO GIYANTO und SUPRIADI SUPRIADI. „PENGARUH FILTRAT BAKTERI ENDOFIT TERHADAP MORTALITAS, PENETASAN TELUR DAN POPULASI NEMATODA PELUKA AKAR Pratylenchus brachyurus PADA NILAM“. Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri 16, Nr. 1 (19.06.2020): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.21082/jlittri.v16n1.2010.43-47.
Annotation:
<p>ABSTRAK</p><p>Pratylenchus brachyurus merupakan salah satu patogen utama padatanaman nilam di Indonesia. Pengendalian yang banyak dilakukan petanisaat ini adalah menggunakan pestisida sintetik. Penggunaan pestisidasintetik yang terus menerus merupakan ancaman terhadap lingkungan, dankesehatan manusia. Bakteri endofit mungkin dapat dimanfaatkan sebagaisalah satu teknik pengendalian nematoda yang ramah lingkungan karenabakteri endofit dapat menghasilkan racun yang toksik terhadap nematoda.Tujuan penelitian adalah melihat pengaruh kultur filtrat bakteri endofitterhadap mortalitas nematoda, penetasan telur dan perkembangannematoda di dalam akar nilam. Penelitian dilakukan di Laboratorium danRumah kaca Hama dan Penyakit Balai Penelitian Tanaman Obat danAromatik Bogor, dari bulan Januari sampai April 2008 menggunakanrancangan acak lengkap (RAL). Filtrat bakteri dibuat dengan caramenumbuhkan bakteri endofit pada media TSB selama 48 jam, kemudiandisentrifugasi dengan kecepatan 7.000 rpm selama 15 menit. Filtratdisaring dengan milipore berdiameter 0,22 µm, selanjutnya filtrat diujipada nematoda in vitro dan rumah kaca. Hasil penelitian menunjukkanbahwa filtrat dapat membunuh nematoda dalam waktu 24 jam dengannilai LC 50 sebesar 7,709%. Bakteri endofit isolat TT2 dan EH11memperlihatkan daya bunuh paling tinggi yaitu 91-100%. Di samping itufiltrat bakteri endofit juga dapat menekan penetasan telur nematoda 48,5-74,6% dibanding dengan kontrol. Namun hanya filtrat bakteri endofitisolat EH11 yang nyata dapat menekan populasi nematoda di dalam akarnilam dengan tingkat penekanan sebesar 81,3%.</p><p>Kata kunci : Pratylenchus brachyurus, bakteri endofit, kultur filtrat,Pogostemon cablin</p><p>ABSTRACT</p><p>Effect of culture filtrates endophytic bacteria on themortality, hatching eggs and population of root lesionnematodes Pratylenchus brachyurus on patchouli</p><p>Root lesion nematode (Pratylenchus brachyurus) is an importantpathogen of patchouli in Indonesia and causes significant losses. Controlsystem that are done today is using synthetic pesticides. The use ofsynthetic pesticides is a continuing threat to the environment and humanhealth. However, endophytic bacterial culture filtrates may be used as oneof the nematode control that is environmentally friendly. Effect of culturefiltrates endophytic bacteria on the mortality, hatching eggs and populationroot lesion nematodes Pratylenchus brachyurus on patchouli has beendone in vitro and greenhouse. The results showed that the culture filtrate ofendophytic bacteria produced metabolite toxic to nematodes and wereable to kill P. brachyurus 100% within 24 hours with LC 50 7.709%. TT2and EH11 isolates showed high killing power of 91-100%. The culturefiltrates also inhibited hatching of P. brachyurus eggs compared withcontrols. Not all culture filtrates can suppress the nematode population inthe roots of patchouli. EH11 isolates filtrate really pressing nematodepopulations compared to other isolates.</p><p>Key words: Pratylenchus brachyurus, culture filtrate, endophyticbacteria, Pogostemon cablin</p>
49
Torres, Gustavo R. C., Elvira M. R. Pedrosa, Kércya M. S. Siqueira und Romero M. Moura. „Pratylenchus brachyurus em Cucumis melo no Brasil“. Fitopatologia Brasileira 29, Nr. 6 (Dezember 2004): 668–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-41582004000600013.
Annotation:
Este é o primeiro assinalamento de Pratylenchus brachyurus em meloeiro (Cucumis melo) ocorrendo em condições naturais de campo no Brasil, no Pólo Açu-Mossoró, RN. São apresentados dados morfométricos da população encontrada.
50
Santana-Gomes, Simone de Melo, Claudia Regina Dias-Arieira, Júlio Cesar Antunes Ferreira, Paula Juliana Grotto Débia, Fabio Biela und Michelly Ragazzi Cardoso. „Penetration of Pratylenchus zeae in antagonistic plants“. Nematology 18, Nr. 7 (2016): 871–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685411-00002991.