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Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Power tariffs“
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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "Power tariffs"
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Andruszkiewicz, Jerzy, Józef Lorenc und Agnieszka Weychan. „Price-Based Demand Side Response Programs and Their Effectiveness on the Example of TOU Electricity Tariff for Residential Consumers“. Energies 14, Nr. 2 (07.01.2021): 287. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14020287.
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Demand side response is becoming an increasingly significant issue for reliable power systems’ operation. Therefore, it is desirable to ensure high effectiveness of such programs, including electricity tariffs. The purpose of the study is developing a method for analysing electricity tariff’s effectiveness in terms of demand side response purposes based on statistical data concerning tariffs’ use by the consumers and price elasticity of their electricity demand. A case-study analysis is presented for residential electricity consumers, shifting the settlement and consequently the profile of electricity use from a flat to a time-of-use tariff, based on the comparison of the considered tariff groups. Additionally, a correlation analysis is suggested to verify tariffs’ influence of the power system’s peak load based on residential electricity tariffs in Poland. The presented analysis proves that large residential consumers aggregated by tariff incentives may have a significant impact on the power system’s load and this impact changes substantially for particular hours of a day or season. Such efficiency assessment may be used by both energy suppliers to optimize their market purchases and by distribution system operators in order to ensure adequate generation during peak load periods.
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Andruszkiewicz, Jerzy, Józef Lorenc und Agnieszka Weychan. „Price-Based Demand Side Response Programs and Their Effectiveness on the Example of TOU Electricity Tariff for Residential Consumers“. Energies 14, Nr. 2 (07.01.2021): 287. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14020287.
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Demand side response is becoming an increasingly significant issue for reliable power systems’ operation. Therefore, it is desirable to ensure high effectiveness of such programs, including electricity tariffs. The purpose of the study is developing a method for analysing electricity tariff’s effectiveness in terms of demand side response purposes based on statistical data concerning tariffs’ use by the consumers and price elasticity of their electricity demand. A case-study analysis is presented for residential electricity consumers, shifting the settlement and consequently the profile of electricity use from a flat to a time-of-use tariff, based on the comparison of the considered tariff groups. Additionally, a correlation analysis is suggested to verify tariffs’ influence of the power system’s peak load based on residential electricity tariffs in Poland. The presented analysis proves that large residential consumers aggregated by tariff incentives may have a significant impact on the power system’s load and this impact changes substantially for particular hours of a day or season. Such efficiency assessment may be used by both energy suppliers to optimize their market purchases and by distribution system operators in order to ensure adequate generation during peak load periods.
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Czerliński, Mirosław, und Michał Sebastian Bańka. „Ticket tariffs modelling in urban and regional public transport“. Archives of Transport 57, Nr. 1 (31.03.2021): 103–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.8041.
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Ticket tariff is an important factor influencing the demand for public transport. Among basic problematics re-garding ticket tariffs are designing new fare systems and optimization of current systems. The task of optimization is influenced by two main factors: ticket prices and the structure of the tariff. Both elements were researched in this article, based on eleven public transport organizers fare systems in Poland – metropolitan areas and cities of a different scale. The purpose of this article was to define basic tariff types used in urban and regional public transport with a presentation of their function models. Ticket tariffs split into two main groups: flat and differen-tial. Differential group of tariffs covers: distance (usually are encountered fares based on a number of kilometres or stops travelled), quality (e.g. different fares on basic and express lines), time (minutes, hours or days of ticket validity, but also different tariff during on-peak and off-peak hours), sections (between which passenger travel on a transit route) and zones (transport network divided into areas, e.g. designated by municipalities bounda-ries) tariffs. The concept of this study was to transform as many tariffs as possible from tabular form to the math-ematical function. Five types of functions were considered for each tariff schematic: linear, power, polynomial, logarithmic and exponential. Functions and associated with them R-squared parameters were obtained as a result of regression analysis. The paper indicates that for time, distance and flat tariffs conformity (R2) was in most cases very high and above 0,90. The results indicate that the power function best describes time tariffs. In the case of distance tariffs, different kind of functions can be used: logarithmic, power or polynomial. The pro-posed function form of tariffs may speed up the process of creating new fare systems or upgrading existing ones. With general knowledge about the structure of tariffs and their function forms, it would be easier to determine the price of different kinds of tickets. New fare integration solutions could be also proposed in the future by using Big Data analysis.
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Fedirko, Mykhajlo, und Julia Krivohizha. „REGIONAL ASPECTS OF TARIFF POLICY OF MUNICIPAL HEATING ENTERPRISES“. Regional’ni aspekti rozvitku produktivnih sil Ukraїni, Nr. 23 (2018): 10–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.35774/rarrpsu2018.23.010.
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The regional aspects of tariff regulation of municipal heat and power enterprises are investigated. The approaches to the formation of tariffs at the regional level are determined. The economic efficiency of tariff policy taking into account the powers of local self-government bodies is analyzed. Recommendations for improving tariff policy are developed.
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Broda, Christian, Nuno Limão und David E. Weinstein. „Optimal Tariffs and Market Power: The Evidence“. American Economic Review 98, Nr. 5 (01.11.2008): 2032–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.98.5.2032.
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We find that prior to World Trade Organization membership, countries set import tariffs 9 percentage points higher on inelastically supplied imports relative to those supplied elastically. The magnitude of this effect is similar to the size of average tariffs in these countries, and market power explains more of the tariff variation than a commonly used political economy variable. Moreover, US trade restrictions not covered by the WTO are significantly higher on goods where the United States has more market power. We find strong evidence that these importers have market power and use it in setting noncooperative trade policy. (JEL F12, F13)
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Fatima, Umbreen, und Anjum Nasim. „Interprovincial Differences in Power Sector Subsidies and Implications for the NFC Award“. Pakistan Development Review 52, Nr. 4I (01.12.2013): 421–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v52i4ipp.421-436.
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Power sector subsidies constituted 83 percent of the federal government’s total subsidies of PRs 558 billion in 2012. The tariff differential subsidy (TDS) amounted to PRs 464 billion (including arrears of PRs 312.8 billion from previous years). The TDS is provided to distribution companies (DISCOs) to cover the difference between the tariff schedules approved by the National Electric Power Regulatory Authority (NEPRA) (which can differ across DISCOs) and the uniform tariff schedule (by consumer group) notified by the Ministry of Water and Power (MoWP) for all regions of the country. The NEPRA-approved tariff takes account of DISCOs’ revenue requirements and various elements of cost. In calculating the average tariff, NEPRA also takes into account companies’ transmission and distribution (T&D) losses. Both revenue requirements and T&D losses differ across DISCOs, which are duly reflected in NEPRA-approved tariffs. The fact that NEPRA approves different tariffs across DISCOs while the MoWP sets uniform tariffs (by consumer group) implies that each DISCO receives a different TDS from the federal government. This translates into different subsidies for each province. By aggregating the TDS by consumer group across all DISCOs, we can also calculate the aggregate subsidy by consumer group.
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Christensen, Kristoffer, Zheng Ma und Bo Nørregaard Jørgensen. „Technical, Economic, Social and Regulatory Feasibility Evaluation of Dynamic Distribution Tariff Designs“. Energies 14, Nr. 10 (15.05.2021): 2860. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14102860.
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The increasing number of distributed energy resources in the distribution grids creates the risk of grid congestion and the high cost of grid expansion. The implementation of the dynamic distribution grid tariffs can potentially avoid grid congestion. Meanwhile, the design and implementation of any distribution tariff need to consider and match the regional/national requirements. However, there is no sufficient evaluation method available to review and evaluate the feasibility of the dynamic distribution tariffs. Therefore, this paper introduces a feasibility evaluation method with four dimensions of technical, economic, social, and regulatory to review dynamic distribution tariffs. The literature on dynamic distribution tariffs is collected, and 29 dynamic distribution tariffs are selected and further categorized into five attributes of rationale, cost drivers, dynamics, events, and active demand. The evaluation results show that the time-of-use tariff is the most feasible dynamic distribution tariff, and the review of a proposed future distribution tariff model in Denmark verifies the evaluation method and results. The developed feasibility evaluation method for dynamic distribution tariffs can ensure the design and implementation of a dynamic distribution tariff to be feasible and applicable in a region.
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Sundt, Swantje. „Influence of Attitudes on Willingness to Choose Time-of-Use Electricity Tariffs in Germany. Evidence from Factor Analysis“. Energies 14, Nr. 17 (31.08.2021): 5406. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14175406.
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Time-of-use (TOU) electricity tariffs are a demand side measure to ease balancing of demand and supply to cope with a rising share of renewables in a country’s electricity mix. In general, consumers require compensation for accepting these tariffs. This study analyzes how attitudes drive consumers’ willingness to choose a TOU tariff in Germany. To identify attitudinal profiles, I use an exploratory factor analysis on items capturing positive and negative attitudes towards TOU tariffs, climate change awareness, and belief in energy saving measures. I use these factors as predictors in an ordered logit specification to estimate consumers’ stated willingness to choose a TOU tariff. Three factors are significant: positive and negative attitudes towards TOU tariffs, and climate change awareness. These findings highlight that decision makers who aim at balancing demand and supply through the use of TOU tariffs should focus on informing consumers about the positive impacts of these tariffs on climate change mitigation, grid stability, and possible energy savings.
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Maqbool, Baetens, Lotfi, Vandevelde und Eetvelde. „Assessing Financial and Flexibility Incentives for Integrating Wind Energy in the Grid Via Agent-Based Modeling“. Energies 12, Nr. 22 (12.11.2019): 4314. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12224314.
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This article provides an agent-based model of a hypothetical standalone electricity network to identify how the feed-in tariffs and the installed capacity of wind power, calculated in percentage of total system demand, affect the electricity consumption from renewables. It includes the mechanism of electricity pricing on the Day Ahead Market (DAM) and the Imbalance Market (IM). The extra production volumes of Electricity from Renewable Energy Sources (RES-E) and the flexibility of electrical consumption of industries is provided as reserves on the IM. Five thousand simulations were run by using the agent-based model to gather data that were then fit in linear regression models. This helped to quantify the effect of feed-in tariffs and installed capacity of wind power on the consumption from renewable energy and market prices. The consumption from renewable sources, expressed as percentage of total system consumption, increased by 8.17% for every 10% increase in installed capacity of wind power. The sharpest increase in renewable energy consumption is observed when a feed-in tariff of 0.04 €/kWh is provided to the wind farm owners, resulting in an average increase of 9.1% and 5.1% in the consumption from renewable sources while the maximum installed capacity of wind power is 35% and 100%, respectively. The regression model for the annualized DAM prices showed an increase by 0.01 €cents/kWh in the DAM prices for every 10% increase in the installed wind power capacity. With every increase of 0.01 €/kWh in the value of feed-in tariffs, the mean DAM price is lowered as compared to the previous value of the feed-in tariff. DAM prices only decrease with increasing installed wind capacity when a feed-in tariff of 0.04 €/kWh is provided. This is observed because all wind power being traded on DAM at a very cheap price. Hence, no volume of electricity is being stored for availability on IM. The regression models for predicting IM prices show that, with every 10% increase in installed capacity of wind power, the annualized IM price decreases by 0.031 and 0.34 €cents/kWh, when installed capacity of wind power is between 0 and 25%, and between 25 and 100%, respectively. The models also showed that, until the maximum installed capacity of wind power is less than 25%, the IM prices increase when the value of feed-in tariff is 0.01 and 0.04 €/kWh, but decrease for a feed-in tariff of 0.02 and 0.03 €/kWh. When installed capacity of wind power is between 25 and 100%, increasing feed-in tariffs to the value of 0.03 €/kWh result in lowering the mean IM price. However, at 0.04 €/kWh, the mean IM price is higher, showing the effect of no storage reserves being available on IM and more expensive reserves being engaged on the IM. The study concludes that the effect of increasing installed capacity of wind power is more significant on increasing consumption of renewable energy and decreasing the DAM and IM prices than the effect of feed-in tariffs. However, the effect of increasing values of both factors on the profit of RES-E producers with storage facilities is not positive, pointing to the need for customized rules and incentives to encourage their market participation and investment in storage facilities.
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Dolmatov, I. A., und I, Yu Zolotova. „The cross subsidization in the electric power industry. What is the limit of growth?“ Strategic decisions and risk management, Nr. 2 (15.07.2018): 16–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.17747/2078-8886-2018-2-16-20.
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One of the key pressing challenge the Russian electric power industry faces today in its development and performance is the problem of the cross subsidization between consumer groups. The volume of the cross subsidization in Russia has increased 4 times for 15 years. The conditionally acceptable level of the cross subsidization is estimated based on the additional tariff burden on industrial consumers associated with the implementation of the cross subsidization mechanism. In order to reduce the cross subsidization, it is recommended to increase electricity tariffs for the house-holders by 6% annually. At the transition stage to the target model should be based on the marginal tariff burden on industrial consumers; retail electricity prices for similar consumers in Europe can serve as a “standard” for such a limit (a possible increase in electricity tariffs for industrial consumers on average in Russia is 1.4 times the level of 2016). Options for reducing the cross subsidization and recommendations on how to determine the appropriate volumes are proposed, that is important in the current conditions of the absence of a single adopted methodology for assessing both the value of cross-subsidization and economically justified tariffs.The mechanism of the cross subsidization in the target model of electric energy pricing should be completely excluded, for which the indicator “growth of regulated (final) tariffs for the population” should be included in the forecast of social and economic development of Russia (return to the existing practice until 2017), providing for faster growth rates compared to other consumers.
Dissertationen zum Thema "Power tariffs"
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Chehade, Youssef. „Present and Future Status of Power-Based Tariffs : Study on the effect of the energy transition on power tariffs and their applicability“. Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Industriell teknik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-447062.
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Power and energy tariffs and their pricing are a vital component which form the main source of income for all actors in the energy industry. Different methods of how to price the energy have been proposed and implemented through the past century, each with its respective advantages and disadvantages. However, in the recent decades, interest has turned towards having power-based tariffs, since it’s the power dimensioning that counts for the majority of the costs. Sala-Heby Energi Elnät AB is local, publicly-owned Swedish distribution system operator which has been using a power-based tariff system for the last 15 years. That being said, the company has an upper limit for their net income which should not be overpassed. With the ongoing energy transition, where the number of electric vehicles in circulation is going up, and more customers turning towards residential micro-production, such a tariff might require modifications. In addition, a look on how the demand will evolve will be needed to see if the grid could handle such a transition. In this paper, a thorough study is conducted on how the energy transition would look like in Sala, Sweden, and what Sala-Heby Energi Elnät AB would expect. A simulation of the total residential load curve of the city is developed and ran via MATLAB and consumption data offered by Sala-Heby Energi Elnät AB. It involved generating an average residence based on the fuse size, which would yield the annual consumption profile to be used. The simulations were also done for several scenarios of different electric vehicle charging routines. They also take into account several residential PV systems coverages in the said city. Depending on which scenario, a rise or a drop in the net income is recorded. Modifications to the power tariff are explored based on that would help counter the fluctuations in the income, and simulated to track their effect. Another aspect that is studied is the subscription capacity to the grid by the operator to the respective power generation. Depending also on the scenario, various excessive consumptions peaks are recorded, which could pave the way to more difficulty in handling the grid.
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Boecking, Felix Albrecht. „Tariffs, power, nationalism and modernity : fiscal policy in Guomindang-controlled China 1927-1945“. Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.612495.
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Akca, Alper. „An Examination Of The Legislative Framework For Supporting The Renewable Tariffs“. Master's thesis, METU, 2008. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12610072/index.pdf.
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Sustainability and environmental concerns are critical issues in energy sector. Limited availability of fossil resources, environmental pollution caused by the greenhouse gases emitted as a result of fossil fuel usage and safety issues of nuclear power plants cause the seek of new resources in energy industry. Renewable energy sources emerge as the alternative energy resources for the industry. The unlimited availability of most of the renewable resources meets the sustainability needs in the energy sector. Energy generation from renewable resources causes low greenhouse gas emissions, which eliminates the environmental concerns. Moreover, use of renewable resources does not involve risks like radioactive emissions. Despite all these factors, renewable energy resources are not competitive yet. The cost of energy generation from renewable resources is high compared to the cost of using conventional resources like coal for energy generation. This situation acts as a barrier for the development of renewable energy technologies and cost reduction. In order to bring renewable energy to a competitive level in the energy market, some supportive mechanisms have been developed and implemented in various countries. This thesis work examines the mechanisms in the EU, the USA and Turkey. An examination has been performed on the current laws and policies effective on renewable energy sector in Turkey. As a result of the examinations, recommendations have been made to improve the legislative framework for the promotion of renewable energy in Turkey.
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Paccola, José Angelo. „Tarifas horosazonais no Brasil = perspectivas de inovações metodológicas e estudo de caso na CPFL“. [s.n.], 2007. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/263075.
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Orientadores: Sergio Valdir Bajay, Gilberto De Martino JannuzziDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Mecânica
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-19T02:38:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Paccola_JoseAngelo_M.pdf: 1894026 bytes, checksum: 35049932286f9b2cae4ab204843bfb40 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007
Resumo: Durante as últimas décadas, têm-se introduzido poucas modificações no setor elétrico brasileiro no que se refere às novas modalidades de tarifas para os consumidores finais. As mudanças mais radicais foram implantadas no início da década de oitenta com a introdução das tarifas horosazonais verde e azul. O objetivo desta dissertação é testar as possibilidades de se formular novas tarifas horosazonais no País, através de uma análise crítica da aplicação destas no Brasil e no mundo, e a realização de um estudo de caso envolvendo pesquisas de campo, entrevistas e medições em consumidores industriais atendidos na categoria tarifária A4. A análise da experiência nacional aborda a implantação e o desenvolvimento das tarifas horosazonais - verde, azul e amarela - e tarifas de fornecimento interruptível no País por meio de um histórico completo dos fatos mais importantes, ocorridos desde 1957 até 2006, e de uma avaliação dos resultados a que se chegou com a implantação destas tarifas. Na análise da experiência internacional, examinaram-se os casos de França, Canadá, Estados Unidos e Portugal. O estudo de caso envolveu três pesquisas de campo. A primeira delas teve como objetivo escolher os segmentos industriais com maior potencial para a modulação de carga. Com a segunda pesquisa, conseguiu-se conhecer melhor os consumidores dos segmentos de calçados e de móveis, em termos de perfil de demanda e de detalhes de seus processos produtivos, visando estabelecer, com mais segurança, suas possibilidades de modulação de carga. A terceira pesquisa de campo permitiu o levantamento dos dados técnicos e econômicos, necessários para se fazer simulações e uma avaliação quantitativa dos impactos econômicos decorrentes de um terceiro posto tarifário para estes consumidores, na madrugada. As análises custo/benefício, realizadas no estudo de caso, levaram em conta tanto a ótica do consumidor como a da concessionária. Os resultados das simulações realizadas mostraram que os custos com mão-de-obra chegam a ser 35 vezes maiores do que aqueles com a fatura de eletricidade nestes segmentos industriais. Isto desestimula um possível deslocamento de parte da produção para o período noturno, por conta do adicional noturno no custo da mão-de-obra, mesmo com tarifas de energia elétrica muito baixas neste período
Abstract: During the last decades, the Brazilian electric sector has introduced little changes in tariffs for end-use consumers. The most radical changes were implanted at the beginning of the eighties, with the introduction of a seasonal tariff structure called green and blue. The objective of this work is to test some possibilities to formulate a new seasonal tariff in Brazil, through a critical analysis of these tariffs in Brazil and in other countries. This was made through field researches, interviews and the measuring of some industrial consumers. The national experience analysis includes the implementation and development of the seasonal tariffs - green, blue and yellow -, the supply curtailable rate and a complete historical of the more important facts occurred since 1957 up to 2006, together with an evaluation of the impacts in the implementation of these tariffs. In the analysis of the international experience, it was examined tariffs in France, Canada, United States and Portugal. The case study involved three researches on the field. The first one was to choose the industrial segments with larger potential for load modulation. The second research explored both footwear and furniture industries in terms of theirs demand profile and productive processes, with the objective of establishing their load modulation change possibilities more accurately. The third field research obtained the necessary technical and economical data, to work with simulations in a quantitative analysis of the economic impacts of a third tariff position during night time. The cost-benefit analysis considered both consumers and Utility's point of views. The results of the simulations has shown that the cost of labor is sometimes 35 times higher than electricity bills in the footwear and furniture industries, rendering useless a possible load modulation change during the night. Furthermore, during night time the cost of labor increases
Mestrado
Planejamento de Sistemas Energeticos
Mestre em Planejamento de Sistemas Energéticos
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Mutyaba, Vianney. „The impact of the capital structure of electricity generation projects on electricity tariffs in Uganda“. Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/96175.
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Thesis (MDF)--Stellenbosch University, 2014.The recent transformation in the Ugandan energy sector has led to a significant surge in private electricity generation companies in the country. These companies have a heterogeneous capital structure and they tend to charge different tariff rates for the electricity generated. While the capital structure might have an important role to play in differential tariff setting, it is not clear to what extent it influences the tariff structure of electricity generation projects. Thus, the objective of this study was to examine the effect of capital structure on the tariff of electricity generation projects in Uganda after controlling for other factors such as operation and maintenance costs, technology used for generation, project development costs, and installed capacity of generation plants on the generation tariffs. Using cross-sectional data from 29 companies as at September 2014, a bootstrap linear regression analysis was used for estimation. The results of the study indicated that the higher the debt portion in the capital structure, the lower the generation tariff. However, the impact of debt in the capital structure was not statistically significant. What stood out is that renewable technologies have a much lower generating tariff than non-renewable technologies.
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Du, Yichen. „Analysis on the impacts of electricity tariffs on the attractiveness of gas fired distributed combined heat and power systems“. Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/98660.
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Thesis: S.M. in Technology and Policy, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Engineering Systems Division, Technology and Policy Program, 2015.Title as it appears in MIT Commencement Exercises program, June 5, 2015: How electricity impacts the attractiveness of gas fired distributed cogeneration technologies. Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references.
In order to achieve a more sustainable energy system, regulators and the industry are trying to balance among many challenging issues such as environmental concerns, economic efficiency and security of supply. In Europe, the environmental concerns are getting a higher weight in current discussions. While it is important to continue exploring the potential of renewables as well as other clean energy sources, finding a more effective way to utilize existing resources is also a viable solution. Combined heat and Power (CHP), also known as cogeneration, denotes a group of technologies that generate electricity and useful heat concurrently. Benefits of distributed CHP technologies arise from their direct connection to distribution and customer facilities, which can potentially alleviate transmission and distribution network constraints, lower network energy losses, improve system reliability, and result in CO2 emissions reductions and overall capital cost. This thesis focuses on understanding the technological, social and economic attractiveness of CHP technologies under different tariff designs, market conditions and incentives. It not only looks at the optimum economic value of CHP to individual customers, but also impacts on the system peak load and the environment. For that purpose, the thesis develops a methodology that focuses on analyzing customers' reactions to various exogenous parameters by looking at their CHP installation and operation decisions. Moreover, it adopts an overarching framework that integrates and streamlines the processes from simulation of customers' energy loads, representation of regulatory and market conditions, to the generation and interpretation of the installation and operations decisions. Results suggest that many distributed CHP technologies could bring positive economic value to the customers even without considering incentives. In the meanwhile, metrics like CO2 emissions, overall efficiency and system peak reduction all improved with the introduction of NGDCHPs. These observations confirm that NGDCHP systems have the potential to reduce costs at both the individual customers' level and at the system level. Moreover, we find that customers' decisions are noticeably influenced by the tariffication and incentive methods. Volumetric-only tariffs suffer from potential cross-subsidization and insufficient remuneration for network companies, but encourage higher utilization rate and installations because of the higher variable electricity price. In comparison, breaking down the electricity prices based on different cost drivers could send the correct economic signals to the customers while still meeting the sustainability principle for tariff designs. Additionally, we find that changing market conditions can have significant effects on the economic value of CHP systems installed on-site, and the annual savings are most sensitive to electricity purchase prices. In conclusion, the goal of this research is to explore the value of gas fired distributed CHP systems under different settings. It informs the private sector as well as the policymakers by how to realize the potential benefits of distributed CHP systems. In the future, the methodology and framework developed in this thesis could be further applied to analyze scenarios where distributed CHP penetration is high and is coupled with other distributed energy resources.
by Yichen Du.
S.M. in Technology and Policy
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Gautam, Himanshu. „The Impact of Customer Battery Storage on the Smart Grids and how Power Tariffs can increase Battery Storages’ penetration percentage“. Thesis, KTH, Elektroteknisk teori och konstruktion, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-217829.
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The batterystoragewillplayanimportantroleinfuturesmartdistributiongrids.Atthesame time,thereshouldbeavailabilityofvaryingtariffstructures,fromwhichcustomerscan chooseaccordingtotheirrequirement.Thisresearchthesisfocusesonthestudyofimpact ofbatterystorageinthedistributiongridandhowpowertariffscanhelpincreasethebattery storage’spenetrationpercentage.The researchisdonetoassesstheimpactofbothhomebatteriesandEVsonthedistributiongrid, andhowmuchcantheyincreaseordecreasethedemandintheregion.Alsoapartofthesis isdedicatedtocreatenewpowertariffstructuresforStockholmregionofEllevio,andthenelectricity billsoftheconsumersarecomparedwithexistingtariffsandnewsuggestedtariffs.ForthethesisaresidentialareaofStockholmRoyalSeaport/NorraDjurgårdenstadenischosen.Ellevio iselectricitydistributionresponsibleforthearea.HomebatteriesofPowervaultU.KandTeslaPowerwall2arechosenandforEV,TeslaModelSwith60KWhbatterysizeisselected.One ofthemostinterestingfindingsisthatagroupof480customerswithhomebatterycanbring thepowerdemandduringpeakhoursdownbyupto11%,butontheotherhanda50%penetration ofEVintheareacanincreasedemandatcertainhoursbymorethan250%.Oneofother findingwasthatifcustomersshifttheirchargingpatternofEVbycoupleofhourstheycan increasethedemandinthegrid,emphasizingontheroleofcustomersinfuturedistributionsystems.SuggestedPowertariffsshowanincreaseinmonetaryamountsavedbycustomerifthey optforhomebatteries.Themostamountsavedbythecustomerisincaseofthestrictestpower tariffsuggested,i.e.Powertariffwithcriticaltimecomponentandtimeofusecomponent.This thesiswillbecomeafoundationforfuturestudyofimpactofbatteriesonalargerregionand impactofbatteriesownedbyDSOinthegrid.Italsoopensnewpathwaystostudyvaryingretail contractsforthecustomersandhowcombinationofvaryingretailcontractandpowertariffs canresultinbetterdemandflexibility.Batterilager kommerattspelaenviktigrolliframtidasmartaeldistributionsnät.Sam-tidigt bördetfinnasmöjlighettillvarierandeeltariffstrukturerförelkonsumenter.Dettaexamensarbete fokuserarpåstudieraveffektenavbatterilagringieldistributionsnätetochhureltarifferkanbidratillattökagenomslagetavbatterilager.Studierharävengjortsföratt bedömaeffektenpåeldistributionsnätetavhembatterierochelfordonmedstudieravhurefterfrågan påelinverkas.Specifiktföreslåsnyaeltarifferförettområdedärelräkningarförelkunder jämförsmedexisterandeochföreslagnanyaeltariffer.Arbetet harutförtsisamarbetemellanEllevio,denlokalaeldistributöreniStockholm,ochKTH. FallstudierharutförtsförbostadsområdetNorraDjurgårdsstaden.Vidarehartvåolikatyper avhembatteriervaltsförstudienvilkaärPowervaultrespektiveTeslaPowerwall2.Förstudie avelfordonharTeslaModelSvaltsmed60kWhbatteristorlek.Resultat frånfallstudiernavisarattengruppom480hushållskundermedhembatteri,kanminska totalaefterfråganpåelvidtopplastmedupptill11%.Resultatenvisarattom50%avpersonbilsparkenisammaområdevarelfordonskulleefterfråganavelvidtopplastökamed merän250%.Studiernavisarhurolikaladdningsmönsterförelbilarinverkarpåtotalabelastningen ielnätet.Därmedgesexempelpådencentralarollenelkonsumentenfåridetframtida eldistributionsnätet.Föreslagnaenergitarrifferförelvisarpåmöjlighetentillekonomiskvinst förelkonsumentervilkaanvänderhembatterier.Arbetet liggertillgrundförframtidastudieravinverkanavbatterieristörreområdenochbatteriersomägsaveldistributören.Ettannatområdeförframtidastudierärhurelkon-sumenternas efterfrågeflexibilitetkanökaserhållasgenomvarierandelösningarförelavtalochenergitariffer.
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Peña-Cabra, Ivonne Astrid. „Retrospective and Prospective Analysis of Policy Incentives For Wind Power in Portugal“. Research Showcase @ CMU, 2014. http://repository.cmu.edu/dissertations/446.
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Concerns over climate change impacts, goals to increase environmental sustainability, and questions about the reliability of fuel supply have led several countries to pursue the goal of increasing the share of renewable energy sources in their electricity grid. Portugal is one of the leading countries for wind electricity generation. Wind diffusion in Portugal started in the early 2000’s and in 2013 wind electricity generation accounted for more than 24% (REN 2013b). The large share of wind in Portuguese electricity production is a consequence of European Union (E.U.) mandates and national policies, mainly feed-in tariffs. Discussions on the appropriate policy design and level of incentive to promote renewable energy adoption and meet further renewable capacity goals are ongoing in Portugal, namely in what concerns the level and duration of feed-in tariffs that should be provided to independent power producers. This, in turn, raises the question of whether the past feed-in tariff levels were well designed to achieve the goals of a larger penetration of renewables in the Portuguese grid. The policies to induce wind adoption have led to a growth in wind installed capacity and share of electricity generated by wind in Portugal from less than 1% in 2000 to approximately 24% in 2013, but questions arise on their cost-effectiveness and whether alternative policy designs would have led to the same goal. vi The Portuguese wind feed-in tariffs are a guaranteed incentive which has varied between $85- $180/MWh over the last 20 years (ERSE 2011), and remained approximately constant since 2001 at $101/MWh. They are currently guaranteed for 20 years of production or 44GWh of electricity generation per MW installed (Diário da República 2013) - the longest period among countries with high wind electricity share. They do not incorporate any digression rate besides inflation, and are guaranteed for every unit of electricity fed to the grid. There are no power plants that have already been decommissioned despite being in operation for more than 20 years, favoring from new, detailed and hard-to-follow agreements in the legislation. All wind parks that are currently in operation have received feed-in tariffs since they connected to the grid, and are expected to keep receiving them at least until December 2019, and up to December 2036 - depending on year of connection and agreement under the most recent legislation (Diário da República 2013). The 2020 renewable energy goals in Portugal include having 6.8 GW of installed wind capacity, which implies the connection of 2 GW in the next years. If no further grid investments are made and wind capacity increases up to 100 MW to the connection point that we analyze, total annual electricity spill is likely to range the 20% to 40%. If the connection grid policy is designed to allow for wind spill, already ‘occupied’ connection points will be available to new entrants, lowering the total investment costs for new wind parks and increasing their profitability. This thesis is divided in three main parts: a first introductory section, a retrospective study of wind power in Portugal and a prospective analysis of the Portuguese wind power sector. The introductory section is a brief overview of the global renewable status, described in Chapter 1. Chapter 2 and Chapter 3 compile a retrospective study of wind power and the policies that have incentivized wind diffusion. We include in the discussion some references to the future wind vii power goals, but the results and policy recommendations are directed towards the existing connected wind power capacity. Chapter 2 is a qualitative piece that describes in detail the motivation behind the Portuguese wind power diffusion, the policy changes over the last 20 years and the mechanics of the remuneration mechanism, i.e. the feed-in tariff formula variables and the actors of the wind power sector. We compare the Portuguese feed-in tariff with other European feed-in tariff designs and conclude that the incentive is one of the highest in Europe, contributing to the current Portuguese electricity system deficit of about $2 billion. If feed-in tariffs keep being fixed and do not incorporate any market variation, and renewables are prioritized to meet electricity demand, feed-in tariff net support per unit of electricity might be higher when the wind blows the most because moments with high penetration of renewable power might be correlated with low market prices. We find that wind power penetration is correlated with net exports to Spain. This might result in a net cost to Portugal and a subsidy to Spanish electricity consumers per unit of electricity traded. In total terms, the resulting subsidy is higher when the wind resource is larger as well, as the total amount of electricity that is exported increases. In Chapter 3 we estimate the profits of wind power producers connected in Portugal between 1992 and 2010, and we recommend specific policy reforms that would lower spending in the form of wind feed-in tariffs. In particular, we assess four scenarios to decrease the level and/or period of the tariffs. We find that under the 2005 legislation - in which feed-in tariffs are granted for 15 years, all existing wind parks have positive NPVs varying between $0 and $12/MWh, when considering a 20-year lifetime. In fact, most of existing wind parks can stop receiving the feed-in tariff now (July 2014), and instead participate directly in the Iberian electricity market and still be profitable. Moreover, under the 2013 feed-in tariff reform that aims at decreasing the viii electricity system deficit, total spending will increase and wind parks will have larger profits than under the 2005 legislation. The motivation of keeping a high feed-in tariff comes from the need of liquidity that wind producers can provide immediately to the electricity system, which is required at this moment to comply with the E.U. economic agreements signed during the recession. Nevertheless, the environmental and energy dependency benefits of the Portuguese wind sector could have been achieved with as much as 25% less spending. Later on, we move to analyze future wind power additions. Chapter 4 compiles a prospective analysis of the wind power sector in Portugal. We focus on new wind parks that will connect to critical lines of the distribution grid in two regions of the country, as part of the national 2030 wind power goals. In particular, we assess the implications of a 100% guaranteed availability of grid power capacity. We find that from the investor perspective, it is more profitable to bear some risk of wind power curtailment, because of the avoided costs that would otherwise be incurred to upgrade the grid. We also find that since there is ample room in the distribution lines to connect more wind parks, very few grid upgrades can allow to highly increase the distributed wind capacity with a low risk of wind curtailment. Moreover, even in scenarios with ‘high curtailment’ of 5% to 20%, projects are profitable. Thus, the Portuguese government should consider a policy where the guaranteed feed-in would be removed, and further assess the possibility of limiting profitability of the existing and new wind projects by introducing curtailment. This work compiles two perspectives: first, a temporal perspective, in which past and future assessments of wind power diffusion are described. Second, a perspective on policy characterization, in which we present an assessment of two characteristics in the feed-in tariff design: the level/period of the tariff and the conditionality of prioritizing wind power over fossilix fuel resources with absence of risk of wind power curtailment. The level and period-related policy recommendations are considered for the existing wind parks, and are addressed mainly in Chapter 3. Considerations about grid capacity and introducing a risk of wind power curtailment are considered for subsequent wind power capacity additions, and are mainly considered in Chapter 4. In addition, notice that Chapter 3 focuses on avoiding excessive profitability of wind power parks while in Chapter 4 we analyze wind and grid capacity additions under the perspective of wind investors. Nevertheless, as we also find in Chapter 4 that profits are excessive, we do make recommendations that limit wind investor’s revenue. Portuguese decision maker should give serious consideration to revisions to the Portuguese feed-in tariff policy design. Most of the existing Portuguese wind parks to not need a feed-in tariff to be profitable. A value associated with the risk of wind power curtailment for subsequent additions should be incorporated in future policy design. We expect that this work will contribute to the Portuguese renewable policy in particular in light of Portugal’s 2020 and 2030 wind power goals.
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Sales, Julio Cesar Ferreira. „Avaliação de processo de revisão tarifaria pedriodica das concessionarias de distribuição de energia eletrica no Brasil“. [s.n.], 2009. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/264484.
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Orientador: Sergio Valdir BajayDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Mecanica
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-14T08:30:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Sales_JulioCesarFerreira_M.pdf: 3084346 bytes, checksum: b1e7ffdddc91e01a1778fd2c01b950b3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009
Resumo: A dissertação tem origem nas avaliações da regulação econômica do setor de energia elétrica no Brasil, a partir do processo de revisão tarifária periódica implementada pela ANEEL que considera a metodologia de "reposicionamento tarifário". Essa metodologia acabou por gerar injustiças tarifárias com a elevação das tarifas dos consumidores das áreas de concessão economicamente menos desenvolvidas e redução das tarifas daquelas mais desenvolvidas. A identificação da condição inicial de equilíbrio econômico-financeiro do contrato de concessão das concessionárias de distribuição de eletricidade, a quantificação desta condição e como ela deve ser preservada ao longo do contrato, por meio das regras de revisão tarifária, é o principal ponto de argumentação apresentado aqui para correção das distorções existentes nas tarifas de energia elétrica após as revisões tarifárias. Essas considerações só são possíveis a partir de uma interpretação jurídica da lei de concessões (Lei 8987/1995) e do contrato de concessão diferente daquela adotada pela ANEEL. Em decorrência da abordagem apresentada são identificadas as condições que devem ser observadas no cálculo do fator "X" no momento da revisão tarifária periódica das concessionárias.
Abstract: The thesis originates in the evaluations of the economical regulation of the electric power sector in Brazil, particularly in what concerns the periodic tariff revision process implemented by the ANEEL, through the "tariff repositioning" methodology. This methodology ended up producing tariff injustices, with tariffs increases for the consumers of the economically less developed concession areas and tariff reductions for the consumers of more developed areas. The identification of the initial economic and financial equilibrium condition of the concession contract of the electric power distribution utilities, the quantification of this condition and how it should be preserved along the contract, through the tariff revision rules, are the main points discussed here for the correction of the existing distortions in the tariffs of electric energy, after the tariff revisions. The arguments put forward are based on a legal interpretation of the Concessions Law (Law 8987/1995) and the concession contracts different from that adopted by ANEEL. As a consequence of the approach presented, the conditions that should be observed in the calculation of the "X" factor, during the periodic tariff revisions of the utilities, are identified.
Mestrado
Mestre em Planejamento de Sistemas Energéticos
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Barney, Andrew. „Making the Most of Wind : a Business Perspective on Subsidy Systems in France, Germany, Spain and Sweden“. Thesis, Högskolan på Gotland, Institutionen för kultur, energi och miljö, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-216988.
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Determining which countries are the most financially attractive for businesses to build wind projects is a matter of serious discussion that lacks succinct commentary. To fill this void this paper employs an empirical study of the wind subsidy support systems used by Germany, France, Spain and Sweden. This paper is based on the premise that businesses prefer to build where they can find the highest overall remuneration for their production; recognizing also the need for stability in those payments and businesses’ strong preference for larger early returns on their investments. The paper also analyzes the results and gives recommendations on possible improvements to each country’s system and where businesses should invest.In order to reach their 20-20-20 E.U. goals (European Commission, 2010), countries are encouraging the creation of new green energy projects, and this encouragement is frequently in the form of subsidies. The subsidy types used by the countries reviewed are feed-in tariffs, premiums and a certificate quota system. Each country’s support history is detailed along with the criteria of their respective systems.The countries systems are then compared using actual income and production data for four criteria at three different production levels – 100 percent, 75 percent and 150 percent of actual – and at two different lengths of time, 7 and 20 years. The first criteria of the comparison is total income, the second for variability of payments, the third for timing of payments and the final is the stability of the system itself.The results of this research show that the German and French systems are superior at all levels for their low variability in payment prices and in making larger payments to businesses earlier. They are also generally superior at lower and actual production levels for total income amounts. However, the Spanish options are superior at high levels of production for income and have middling variability levels. The Swedish system generally has the highest levels of variability for the lowest levels of income. Only the Spanish system is considered to be unstable in its political support of subsidies. Based upon the preceding findings are given to each country to improve their relative weaknesses. Also recommendations are given to businesses based upon the quality of the locations wind resources.
Bücher zum Thema "Power tariffs"
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Anas, Alex. The benefits of alternative power tariffs for Nigeria and Indonesia. Washington, DC: World Bank, Operations Evaluations Dept., Infrastructure and Energy Division, 1996.
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Ayodele, A. ʼSesan. Optimal energy tariffs under Nigeria's commercialisation policy: The case of NEPA. Ibadan: Development Policy Centre, 1998.
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D'Amato, Marcello. Tariffs for a foreign industry with market power under incomplete information on demand. [s.l.]: typescript, 1993.
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Renewable energy policy convergence in the EU: The evolution of feed-in tariffs in Germany, Spain and France. Farnham: Ashgate, 2011.
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Power and the governance of global trade: From the GATT to the WTO. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 2010.
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Blonigen, Bruce A. Are all trade protection policies created equal?: Empirical evidence for nonequivalent market power effects of tariffs and quotas. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 2010.
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Blonigen, Bruce A. Are all trade protection policies created equal?: Empirical evidence for nonequivalent market power effects of tariffs and quotas. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 2010.
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P, Ryan Michael. Playing by the rules: American trade power and diplomacy in the Pacific. Washington, D.C: Georgetown University Press, 1995.
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Finger, J. Michael. Do rules control power?: GATT articles and arrangements in the Uruguay Round. Washington, DC (1818 H St. NW, Washington 20433): Country Economics Dept., World Bank, 1992.
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International, Conference on Metering and Tariffs for Energy Supply (8th 1996 Brighton England). Eighth International Conference on Metering and Tariffs for Energy Supply, 3-5 July 1996, venue the Brighton Centre, Brighton, UK. London: Institution of Electrical Engineers, 1996.
Den vollen Inhalt der Quelle findenBuchteile zum Thema "Power tariffs"
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Reneses, Javier, María Pía Rodríguez und Ignacio J. Pérez-Arriaga. „Electricity Tariffs“. In Power Systems, 397–441. London: Springer London, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-5034-3_8.
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Mariani, E., und S. S. Murthy. „Inter-System Exchanges, Tariffs and Billing“. In Advanced Load Dispatch for Power Systems, 165–84. London: Springer London, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-0991-4_9.
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Hart, David M., Gary Chartier, Ross Miller Kenyon und Roderick T. Long. „Benjamin R. Tucker, “The Four Monopolies: Money, Land, Tariffs, and Patents” (1888)“. In Social Class and State Power, 179–87. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-64894-1_27.
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Ribeiro, Catarina, Tiago Pinto, Zita Vale und José Baptista. „Remuneration and Tariffs in the Context of Virtual Power Players“. In Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, 284–86. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-61578-3_39.
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Stafford, James. „'Free Trade' and the Varieties of Eighteenth-Century State Competition“. In Global Studies, 133–54. Bielefeld, Germany: transcript Verlag, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.14361/9783839457474-006.
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This chapter offers a fresh examination of the transformation of British trade policy in the later 18th and early 19th centuries. It reconsiders the 'rise of free trade' as a mutation, rather than a rejection, of an earlier 'mercantilist' logic of national power competition. Examining the writings of the Anglo-Dutch merchant Matthew Decker alongside those of the better-known Scottish philosopher Adam Smith, this chapter identifies a switch from a competition over trade balances in precious metals, to an all-pervasive struggle for labor discipline and productivity, applying not just to princes and rulers but entire 'nations'. The reduction of tariffs and the abolition of monopolies emerges as a means of enhancing the productive power of the nation, and its related capacity for funding military conflict.
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Bhatt, Yagyavalk. „Renewable Energy Deployment to Stimulate Energy Transition in the Gulf Cooperation Council“. In Renewable Energy Transition in Asia, 161–83. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-8905-8_8.
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AbstractThe Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) region plays a vital role in shaping the global energy markets because of its substantial amount of hydrocarbons resources. Although the GCC has abundant hydrocarbon resources, countries in the region have also shown their commitment and intent to become the global leaders in alternate energy, especially, renewable energy through their “Visions and Laws”. Further, All the countries in the Middle East have also set targets for the deployment of renewable energy at the federal or local level.For several decades, there has been steady economic and population growth of the Middle East countries, with most of the region’s wealth and socio-economic development, tied to its substantial oil and gas resources. Renewable energy can provide an alternative to their energy landscape, which holds a vast potential to cut fuel costs, reduce GHG emissions.To promote renewable energy, in the last five years, renewable energy has gained a lot of interest in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries. Low tariffs bids for renewable energy generation in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) and Saudi Arabia since 2016 have made renewable energy, especially solar power competitive with conventional energy (International Renewable Energy Agency. Renewable Energy Market Analysis-GCC 2019. s.l.: International Renewable Energy Agency, 2019).With the push from the decision-makers to reduce the risk of dependence fossil fuels, the renewable energy plans can be implemented in the GCC. Decision-makers in the GCC have recognized the need for a plan for the post-oil era. This chapter will explore the GCC long term policies and government’s role in shaping the renewable energy market. Further, the chapter will also explore the challenges & opportunities related to the renewable energy sector in GCC (International Renewable Energy Agency. Renewable Energy Market Analysis-GCC 2019. s.l.: International Renewable Energy Agency, 2019).
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Salo, Miikka. „Disregarding Wind Power: Introduction to Finnish Feed-in Tariff Policy“. In Energy, Policy, and the Environment, 115–31. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-0350-0_7.
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Haider, Shah Zulfiqar. „Plenary Lecture: Tariff – Its Importance for Sustainability of Power Sector“. In Energy, Environment and Sustainable Development, 5. Vienna: Springer Vienna, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-0109-4_3.
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Kurakawa, Yukihide. „Climate Policy in Power Sector: Feed-in Tariff and Carbon Pricing“. In Economics, Law, and Institutions in Asia Pacific, 79–95. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-6964-7_5.
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Abstract The purpose of this chapter is to investigate the effects of some mainstream policy schemes in the power sector on the reduction of CO2 emissions. The first part of this chapter is the analysis on the effects of promoting generation (fuel) efficiency of fossil-fuel power generation, specifically assuming more efficient coal-fired power plants that recently indicates increased presence in the Japanese power sector. Improvement in generation efficiency of fossil-fuel power plants is expected to reduce emissions of carbon dioxide mainly from a technological aspect. However, overall effects on carbon reduction in the whole industry would be ambiguous since it also depends on market structure. The increased efficiency in generation leads to an improvement in cost conditions of fossil-fuel power producers relative to their rivals. It enables them to expand their generation and market share. Analyzing the Cournot oligopoly model, it is shown that an improvement in fossil-fuel power generations produces two effects: the ‘saving effect’ and the ‘rebound effect’. The total CO2 emission in the whole industry decrease if the former effect exceeds the other, and vice versa. In addition, it is indicated that a rise in the generation efficiency would increase a difficulty of implementing carbon tax. In the second part of this chapter, I study the combination of feed-in tariff and carbon tax; that would be worthy to investigate since they could possibly complement each other. FIT policy could be financed by the revenue of carbon tax, and a reduction in electricity supply by the carbon tax would be lessen by supporting renewable power generations under FIT. It is demonstrated that FIT had the combined effects: it fosters a competitive environment in addition to indirectly reduces CO2 emissions. The result indicates that the combination of these policies would produce potential welfare gains.
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Danilova, O. V., K. V. Ordov und I. Yu Belayeva. „Tariff Policy in the Electric Power Industry of Russia: Methods, Problems, Prospects“. In Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, 84–92. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-60929-0_12.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleKonferenzberichte zum Thema "Power tariffs"
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Apolinario, I., N. Felizardo, A. L. Garcia, P. Oliveira, A. Trindade und P. Verdelho. „Additive tariffs in the electricity sector“. In 2006 IEEE Power Engineering Society General Meeting. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pes.2006.1709499.
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Ribeiro, Catarina, Tiago Pinto, Hugo Morais, Zita Vale und Gabriel Santos. „Intelligent remuneration and tariffs for virtual power players“. In 2013 IEEE Grenoble PowerTech. IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ptc.2013.6652157.
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Loonurm, M., P. Raesaar und E. Tiigimagi. „Tariffs for reactive power supplied from distribution networks“. In 2010 Electric Power Quality and Supply Reliability Conference (PQ). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pq.2010.5550024.
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Haakana, J., V. Tikka, J. Lassila, J. Tuunanen, J. Partanen und N. Belonogova. „Power-based tariffs boosting customer-side energy storages“. In CIRED Workshop 2016. Institution of Engineering and Technology, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/cp.2016.0789.
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Yoon, Y. T., und M. D. Ilic. „Price-cap regulation for transmission: objectives and tariffs“. In Proceedings of Power Engineering Society Summer Meeting. IEEE, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pess.2001.970204.
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Ma, Qiuyang, Ran Li und Furong Li. „Differential Customer Responsiveness to Time-Of-Use Tariffs“. In 2020 IEEE Power & Energy Society General Meeting (PESGM). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pesgm41954.2020.9281877.
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Thomas, Holly, Benjamin Kroposki, Thomas Basso und Bernard G. Treanton. „Advancements in Distributed Generation Issues Interconnection, Modeling, and Tariffs“. In 2007 IEEE Power Engineering Society General Meeting. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pes.2007.385766.
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Azuatalam, Donald, Gregor Verbic und Archie Chapman. „Impacts of network tariffs on distribution network power flows“. In 2017 Australasian Universities Power Engineering Conference (AUPEC). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/aupec.2017.8282380.
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Kurian, Varghese, Juntao Chen und Quanyan Zhu. „Electric power dependent dynamic tariffs for water distribution systems“. In CPS Week '17: Cyber Physical Systems Week 2017. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3055366.3055373.
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Silva, Paolo, Stefano Campanari und Ennio Macchi. „Optimization of Operating Conditions and Compressor Cleaning Time Intervals of Combined Cycles in a Liberalized Market“. In ASME Turbo Expo 2003, collocated with the 2003 International Joint Power Generation Conference. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2003-38455.
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The paper addresses the optimization of the managing strategy of a combined cycle power plant in a liberalized market characterized by great time variability of the electricity sale price. Besides electric tariffs, a variety of other factors affect the selection of the plant operating mode, such as environmental conditions, O&M costs, range of plant output regulation capability, performance deterioration of the components and compressor fouling rate. All calculations refer to a real combined cycle power plant owned by an Italian utility, for which are available detailed performance data, in “new and clean” conditions as well as in real operation. The optimum plant operating schedule is found with reference to three different tariff scenarios: (i) the present Italian situation, characterized by the primary role of oil and gas fired steam power stations, (ii) the Italian situation foreseen after the massive repowering program of existing steam power plants is completed, and (iii) a situation where the base-load electricity is generated by coal-fired power stations. The comparison indicates the utmost importance of the reference tariff scenario on the actual energy ad economic budget of the power station.
Berichte der Organisationen zum Thema "Power tariffs"
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Fuentes, Rolando. Distribution Networks Tariff Design in the Era of Decentralization: A Business Model Approach. King Abdullah Petroleum Studies and Research Center, November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.30573/ks--2020-dp24.
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In this paper we discuss the unexplored two-way relationship between distribution network tariff design and the emergence of new business models in the power sector. Distribution network tariffs have traditionally used a cost accounting method. We suggest, instead, the use of a business model framework to analyze the extent to which emerging business models in the power sector change the way electricity distribution network services are priced and packaged.
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Blonigen, Bruce, Benjamin Liebman, Justin Pierce und Wesley Wilson. Are All Trade Protection Policies Created Equal? Empirical Evidence for Nonequivalent Market Power Effects of Tariffs and Quotas. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, September 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w16391.
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Kueck, John D., Brendan J. Kirby, Fangxing Li, Christopher Tufon und Alan Isemonger. A Tariff for Reactive Power. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), Juli 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/934945.
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Kueck, John D., Christopher Tufon, Alan Isemonger und Brendan J. Kirby. A Tariff for Reactive Power - IEEE. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/941043.
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Alviarez, Vanessa, Michele Fioretti, Ken Kikkawa und Monica Morlacco. Two-Sided Market Power in Firm-to-Firm Trade. Inter-American Development Bank, August 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003493.
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Firms in global value chains (GVCs) are granular and exert bargaining power over the terms of trade. We show that these features are crucial to understanding the well-established variation in prices and pass-through across importers and exporters. We develop a novel theory of prices in GVCs, which tractably nests a wide range of bilateral concentration and bargaining power configurations. We test and evaluate the models predictions using a novel dataset merging transaction-level U.S. import data with balance sheet data for both U.S. importers and foreign exporters. Our pricing framework enhances traditional frameworks in the literature in accurately predicting price changes following a tariff shock. The results shed light on the role of firms in determining the tariff pass-through onto import prices.