Zeitschriftenartikel: „Poverty – Ghana – Case studies“

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Glazebrook, Trish. „Women and Climate Change: A Case‐Study from Northeast Ghana“. Hypatia 26, Nr. 4 (2011): 762–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1527-2001.2011.01212.x.

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This paper argues that there is ethical and practical necessity for including women's needs, perspectives, and expertise in international climate change negotiations. I show that climate change contributes to women's hardships because of the conjunction of the feminization of poverty and environmental degradation caused by climate change. I then provide data I collected in Ghana to demonstrate effects of extreme weather events on women subsistence farmers and argue that women have knowledge to contribute to adaptation efforts. The final section surveys the international climate debate, assesses explanations for its gender blindness, and summarizes the progress on gender that was made at Copenhagen and Cancun in order to document and provoke movement toward climate justice for women.

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Alatinga, Kennedy A., und John J. Williams. „Mixed Methods Research for Health Policy Development in Africa: The Case of Identifying Very Poor Households for Health Insurance Premium Exemptions in Ghana“. Journal of Mixed Methods Research 13, Nr. 1 (03.09.2016): 69–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1558689816665056.

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Despite the utility of applying mixed methods research to understand complex phenomenon, few studies have applied this approach to health policy and in Africa. This article illustrates the application of mixed methods research to inform health policy in Ghana with the intent of complementarity. Through an exploratory sequential mixed methods research design involving 24 focus group interviews and 417 household surveys, we developed criteria for identifying very poor households for health insurance premium exemptions in Ghana. The qualitative procedures identified communities’ concerns regarding being very poor: food insecurity, lack of seeds to sow, compromised access to education, financial insecurity, and status as unemployed widows with children. The survey findings illustrated the distribution and predictors of poverty in the Kassena-Nankana District. Based on these findings, the authors proposed a four-question survey for the Kassena-Nankana District Health Insurance Scheme to administer to determine extreme poverty. Based on these recommendations, the local government has a unique opportunity to increase the very poor’s access to and utilization of health care services.

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Boakye, Alfred Asuming, Richard Ampadu-Ameyaw, George Owusu Essegbey und Justina Adwoa Onumah. „SUCCESS FACTORS FOR MICRO AND SMALL AGRIBUSINESS ENTERPRISES (MSES) – THE CASE OF GHANA“. Journal of Agribusiness and Rural Development 47, Nr. 1 (20.08.2018): 6–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.17306/j.jard.2018.00406.

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Micro and Small Enterprises (MSEs) are consideredto be engines of economic growth worldwide. Their efficiencyand competitiveness is critical to the creation of employment,income generation and poverty reduction and thereby to generalgrowth of the economy. However, studies on MSEs inGhana have mainly focused on the financial performance withlittle or no attention paid to the contribution of environmentaland socio-demographic factors to entrepreneurial success.The data for this study was obtained from Micro and SmallEnterprises (MSEs) in some twenty districts across Ghana.A total of 2899 entrepreneurs were interviewed. A binary logitregression was used in determining the impact of socio-demographicand environmental factors on entrepreneurial businesssuccess. As shown by the results, the odds of business successincrease by 67% if the formal education period is extendedby one year. Supportive environmental factors also significantlycontribute to business success. This study recommendsa policy that will help improving access to market for MSEs.Policy makers should consider strengthening the potential ofinstitutional support in terms of market information deliveredby public institutions to enhance the business success of agribusinessentrepreneurs in Ghana.Micro and Small Enterprises (MSEs) are consideredto be engines of economic growth worldwide. Their efficiencyand competitiveness is critical to the creation of employment,income generation and poverty reduction and thereby to generalgrowth of the economy. However, studies on MSEs inGhana have mainly focused on the financial performance withlittle or no attention paid to the contribution of environmentaland socio-demographic factors to entrepreneurial success.The data for this study was obtained from Micro and SmallEnterprises (MSEs) in some twenty districts across Ghana.A total of 2899 entrepreneurs were interviewed. A binary logitregression was used in determining the impact of socio-demographicand environmental factors on entrepreneurial businesssuccess. As shown by the results, the odds of business successincrease by 67% if the formal education period is extendedby one year. Supportive environmental factors also significantlycontribute to business success. This study recommendsa policy that will help improving access to market for MSEs.Policy makers should consider strengthening the potential ofinstitutional support in terms of market information deliveredby public institutions to enhance the business success of agribusinessentrepreneurs in Ghana.

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Avornyo, Raphael. „Coping with Poverty in Ghana: An Analysis of Livelihood Strategies of Persons Living with HIV and AIDS in Cape Coast and Accra, Ghana“. International Journal of Interdisciplinary Social and Community Studies 9, Nr. 3-4 (2015): 11–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.18848/2324-7576/cgp/v09i3-4/53537.

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Asibey, Michael Osei, Kwasi Osei Agyeman und Vivian Yeboah. „The Impact of Cultural Values on the Development of the Cultural Industry: Case of the Kente Textile Industry in Adanwomase of the Kwabre East District, Ghana“. Journal of Human Values 23, Nr. 3 (28.07.2017): 200–217. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0971685817713282.

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The importance of cultural enterprises to the creation of jobs, generating incomes, alleviating poverty and distributing development has long been recognized. Based on empirical research, this article adopts the convergent parallel mixed design to assess extent of influence of cultural values on the type of cultural industry established in Ghana, taking a case of the kente textile industry in Adanwomase. Adanwomase is argued to be a prominent traditional community in the printing of kente cloths in Ghana. Primary data were obtained from 210 weavers and relevant bodies, such as the Business Advisory Council and traditional leaders through direct interviews, observation and focus group discussions. Findings show that the craft industry in Adanwomase is informal and small-scale in nature. Six key cultural values were identified to statistically have significant influence on the establishment of the textile craft industry. Strongest among them were the festival celebrations and customary law/traditional customs. There was strong correlation between the identified cultural values and the establishment of the textile industry in Adanwomase. Urgent policy and creation of the enabling environment to promote entrepreneurship and create employment through support for research and development (R&D) of cultural industries are needed.

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Puorideme, Dennis. „Examining Ghana’s Cash Transfer Programme Outcomes in the Ejisu-Juaben Municipality from Conversation and Membership Categorisation Analyses Perspectives“. Ghana Journal of Development Studies 18, Nr. 1 (27.05.2021): 120–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/gjds.v18i1.6.

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Since the start of cash transfer programmes in developing countries in the late 1990s and its spread, studies have demonstrated a variety of outcomes comprising education, health, and nutrition for the poorest households. These studies focused on macro analysis of programmes’ outcomes but paid little attention to an indepth micro study of the everyday intersubjective accounts and actions of local community focal persons and caregivers, which construct programme outcomes. The objective of this study is to highlight the everyday concrete outcomes of a cash transfer programme in Ejisu-Juaben Municipality in Ghana. This study draws on Foucault’s notion of subjectivation and discourse to construct a conversation and membership categorisation analyses framework to explore community focal persons’ and female caregivers’ conversations from focus group discussions. The Livelihood Empowerment against Poverty cash transfer programme in Ghana is the empirical case. This article demonstrates that caregivers and poor households arehappier, practice joint decision-making, and have cohesive social relations in poor households. Thus, localised programme outcomes improved participation in the decision-making, happiness, and social cohesion of beneficiary poor households. Evaluation mechanisms for programme outcomes could consider the everyday intersubjective accounts, practices of focal persons, caregivers/beneficiaries in poor households at the micro-level. Keywords: Social Protection, Ethnography, Discourse, Subjectivation, Governmentality

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Antwi, Samuel, Eugene Oware Koranteng und Eugene Oware Koranteng. „International Remittances and Economic Growth in Ghana: Does the Measure Of Financial Development Matter?“ International Journal of Technology and Management Research 2, Nr. 1 (12.03.2020): 46–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.47127/ijtmr.v2i1.50.

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Empirical results of the effect of international remittances on economic growth of individual countries and groups of countries have yielded mixed results. This study is intended to add to the debate on the impact of international remittances on the aggregate output of individual countries, Ghana in this case. An earlier panel data study found a negative impact of remittance on real GDP and prompted further research on the topic for individual countries and groups of countries. The papers which followed and were able to correct for endogeneity in the models, found a mild positive impact of private unrequited remittances on economic growth. The impact of remittances on economic growth of a particular country depends on the proportion of remittances invested and consumed, the level of financial development and the quality of institutions in the country. This study used time series data from 1990 to 2014 on Ghana and found a positive impact of remittances on the growth rate of real GDP. Engel and Granger Cointegration test and Error Correction Models were used. Remittances were found to be pro-cyclical. Granger causality tests which corrects for the errors of cointegrated variables found causality running from financial development to remittances and from remittances to real GDP. Remittances have been found in other studies to benefit the Ghanaian economy by reducing poverty and sustaining the current account. This study shows a positive impact of remittances on aggregate output. Thus requiring policies to increase the flows and encourage their investment. Keywords: International Remittances, Economic Growth, Ghana, Financial Development.

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Musavengane, Regis, Pius Siakwah und Llewellyn Leonard. „“Does the poor matter” in pro-poor driven sub-Saharan African cities? towards progressive and inclusive pro-poor tourism“. International Journal of Tourism Cities 5, Nr. 3 (29.11.2019): 392–411. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijtc-05-2019-0057.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to question the extent to which Sub-Saharan African cities are progressing towards promoting pro-poor economies through pro-poor tourism (PPT). It specifically examines how African cities are resilient towards attaining sustainable urban tourism destinations in light of high urbanization. Design/methodology/approach The methodological framework is interpretive in nature and qualitative in an operational form. It uses meta-synthesis to evaluate the causal relationships observed within Sub-Saharan African pro-poor economies to enhance PPT approaches, using Accra, Ghana, Johannesburg, South Africa, and Harare, Zimbabwe, as case studies. Findings Tourism development in Sub-Saharan Africa has been dominantly underpinned by neoliberal development strategies which threaten the sustainability of tourism in African cities. Research limitations/implications The study is limited to three Sub-Saharan African countries. Further studies may need to be done in other developing countries. Practical implications It argues for good governance through sustainability institutionalization which strengthens the regulative mechanisms, processes and organizational culture. Inclusive tourism approaches that are resilient-centered have the potential to promote urban tourism in Sub-Saharan African cities. These findings contribute to the building of strong and inclusive Institutions for Sustainable Development in the Sub-Saharan African cities to alleviate poverty. Social implications These findings contribute to the building of strong and inclusive institutions for sustainable development in the Sub-Saharan African cities to alleviate poverty. Originality/value The “poor” are always within the communities, and it takes a community to minimise the impact of poverty among the populace. The study is conducted at a pertinent time when most African government’s development policies are pro-poor driven. Though African cities provide opportunities of growth, they are regarded as centres of high inequality.

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Otieku, Evans, Charles Godfred Ackah und David Forkuor. „Motivations, income determinants and livelihood vulnerability of female teenage head porters in Kasoa, Ghana“. International Journal of Social Economics 44, Nr. 12 (04.12.2017): 2396–408. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijse-10-2016-0286.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to provide statistical and empirical evidence on the motivations, income determinants and livelihood vulnerabilities of female teenage head porters. The paper draws from the motivational theory and the livelihood vulnerability approach to assess the motivations, livelihood vulnerabilities and income determinants of female teenage head porters in Kasoa, Ghana. Design/methodology/approach The mixed methods data collection instruments were used to collect primary data from 200 randomly sampled female teenage head porters in Kasoa. It includes both close and open-ended questionnaires, one case study and personal observation. Findings Based on the estimation, the study found that household poverty, unemployment, desire for regular income and quest for personal independence were significant motivational factors drawing teenage girls into head porting. Also, age of respondents and years of experience in the occupation were the significant determinants of income of respondents. Exposure to frequent malaria, stress and physical pains were common livelihood risk factors faced by the respondents. Majority of them were from the northern region of Ghana and less than 20 percent of them had formal education. Practical implications The paper proposed for extensive implementation of robust macroeconomic and specific social protection interventions to enhance equal job and income opportunities as well as to protect the vulnerable. Originality/value The study provides statistical and empirical results different from other related studies (Opare, 2003; Awumbila, 2007; Baah-Ennumh et al., 2012; Akanle and Chioma, 2013).

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Agyemang-Duah, Williams, Charles Peprah und Francis Arthur-Holmes. „Prevalence and Patterns of Health Care Use Among Poor Older People Under the Livelihood Empowerment Against Poverty Program in the Atwima Nwabiagya District of Ghana“. Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine 5 (Januar 2019): 233372141985545. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2333721419855455.

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In spite of the growing literature on prevalence and patterns of health care use in later life globally, studies have generally overlooked subjective standpoints of vulnerable Ghanaian older people obstructing the achievement of the United Nations’ health-related Sustainable Development Goals. We examined the prevalence and patterns of health care use among poor older people in the Atwima Nwabiagya District of Ghana. Cross-sectional data were obtained from an Aging, Health, Lifestyle and Health Services Survey conducted between June 1 and 20, 2018 ( N = 200). Chi-square and Fisher’s exact tests were carried out to estimate the differences between gender and health care utilization with significant level of less than or equal to 0.05. Whereas, 85% of the respondents utilized health care, females were higher utilizers (88% vs. 75%) but males significantly incurred higher health care expenditure. The majority utilized health services on monthly basis (38%) and consulted public health care providers (77%). While 68% utilized services from hospitals, most sourced health information from family members (54%) and financed their health care through personal income (45%). The study found that the Livelihood Empowerment Against Poverty grant played a little role in reducing health poverty. Stakeholders should review social programs that target poor older people in order to improve their well-being and utilization of health care.

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Intsiful, Emmanuel, und Albert Martins. „Examining the Role of Non-Formal Education as a Conduit to Poverty Reduction and Rural Development: The Case of a Rural Community in a Municipality in Ghana“. Journal of Education and Training 6, Nr. 2 (04.04.2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jet.v6i2.13586.

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Non-formal education (NFE) programmes involve literacy and numerical programmes that aim at training people to read and write. Gaining such basic literacy skills enables a person to use the reading, writing and calculation to develop the self and the community as a whole. In the Ghanaian context, the Ministry of Education in the year 2000 established the National Functional Literacy Programme with the chief aim of making accessible literacy and life skills to the rural poor and the illiterate. The aim of this paper was to examine the extent to which non-formal education contributes to literacy improvement, poverty reduction and rural development in a rural community within a municipality in Ghana. The researchers employed Amartya Sen’s capabilities approach to economic and human development and Paulo Freire’s concept of education for conscientization.The findings of the study show that the non-formal education programme plays a very critical role in the reduction of illiteracy coupled with improving the living standard of the rural adult learners, once the programme is well organized and implemented. Thus, the activities of NFE have the potential to make the illiterate poor become functionally literate which is a necessary condition for poverty reduction. Providing skill training is one of the major ways of improving the livelihood of poor people. Based on the impact of NFE activities on those who had graduated from the programme has the potential of reducing illiteracy and improving the standard of living of the people. The impact has been felt in areas like literacy and numeracy, economic, social and political empowerment of learners in the community studied. However, the programme needs to be strengthened to address the issue of funding which has become a major challenge for the NFE. Facilitators and supervisors need enough motivation to commit them fully to the task and learners need support to start their own business to bring about meaningful poverty reduction.

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Scholes-Robertson, Nicole Jane, Martin Howell, Talia Gutman, Amanda Baumgart, Victoria SInka, David J. Tunnicliffe, Stephen May, Rachel Chalmers, Jonathan Craig und Allison Tong. „Patients’ and caregivers’ perspectives on access to kidney replacement therapy in rural communities: systematic review of qualitative studies“. BMJ Open 10, Nr. 9 (September 2020): e037529. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-037529.

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ObjectivePatients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) requiring kidney replacement therapy (KRT) in rural communities encounter many barriers in accessing equitable care and have worse outcomes compared with patients in urban areas. This study aims to describe the perspectives of patients and caregivers on access to KRT in rural communities to inform strategies to maximise access to quality care, and thereby reduce disadvantage, inequity and improve health outcomes.Setting18 studies (n=593 participants) conducted across eight countries (Australia, Canada, the UK, New Zealand, Ghana, the USA, Tanzania and India).ResultsWe identified five themes: uncertainty in navigating healthcare services (with subthemes of struggling to absorb information, without familiarity and exposure to options, grieving former roles and yearning for cultural safety); fearing separation from family and home (anguish of homesickness, unable to fulfil family roles and preserving sense of belonging in community); intense burden of travel and cost (poverty of time, exposure to risks and hazards, and taking a financial toll); making life-changing sacrifices; guilt and worry in receiving care (shame in taking resources from others, harbouring concerns for living donor, and coping and managing in isolation).ConclusionPatients with CKD in rural areas face profound and inequitable challenges of displacement, financial burden and separation from family in accessing KRT, which can have severe consequences on their well-being and outcomes. Strategies are needed to improve access and reduce the burden of obtaining appropriate KRT in rural communities.

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Sheriff, Michael, und Moreno Muffatto. „The present state of entrepreneurship ecosystems in selected countries in Africa“. African Journal of Economic and Management Studies 6, Nr. 1 (09.03.2015): 17–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ajems-10-2012-0064.

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Purpose – Entrepreneurship ecosystems could be useful road maps for the formulation of entrepreneurship policies for countries in Africa. The twenty-first century economic development agenda lay a lot of emphasis on the pivotal role that entrepreneurship plays in the growth of economies, job creation and poverty alleviation especially in Africa. But without the right entrepreneurial ecosystems to enhance the formulation of pertinent entrepreneurship policies, achieving entrepreneurial economic growth will be difficult. The existing frameworks for the development of entrepreneurship ecosystems are based on research that has been conducted elsewhere. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach – Entrepreneurship research in Africa has rarely focused in understanding and evaluating the entrepreneurship ecosystems. In this paper, we have attempted to examine the present state of the entrepreneurship ecosystems in four countries (Botswana, Egypt, Ghana and Uganda) in Africa. Despite the fact that extant literature on the concept is limited, it has been reviewed to provide a picture of entrepreneurship ecosystems. Relevant national and international documents were also examined to evaluate the present state of entrepreneurship ecosystems in these countries. Findings – The findings from each of the countries though they depict a static situation, justify the proposition that entrepreneurs are omnipresent, it is only the entrepreneurship environment that accounts for the differences in entrepreneurial economic growth and the cross-countries comparisons shows the dissimilarities in national entrepreneurship environments. Research limitations/implications – In conclusion, a broad process to develop entrepreneurship ecosystems initiatives is suggested alongside the crucial roles that governments and other stakeholders should play which implies that a National Entrepreneurship Mission might be necessary. Originality/value – Multiple case studies that have compared entrepreneurship ecosystems of countries in Africa are very rare. This study though explorative, is one of the first. The findings and conclusions could be useful for a detailed study to map out pertinent and self sustaining entrepreneurship ecosystems that are necessary for the formulation of entrepreneurship policies.

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Debrah. „Alleviating Poverty in Ghana: The Case of Livelihood Empowerment against Poverty (LEAP)“. Africa Today 59, Nr. 4 (2013): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.2979/africatoday.59.4.41.

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Dzidza, Peter Mawunyo, Ian Jackson, Ametefee K. Normanyo und Michael Walsh. „The Effects of Poverty Reduction Strategies on Artisanal Fishing in Ghana: The Case of Keta Municipality“. Journal of Sustainable Development 10, Nr. 3 (31.05.2017): 68. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jsd.v10n3p68.

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This paper assesses the level of poverty in Ghana after three decades of successive implementation of numerous poverty reduction strategies including Structural Adjustment Program (SAP) by various governments of Ghana. The Keta municipality in the Volta region, where artisanal fishing thrives, was chosen as a representative sample of the whole country. The authors identified eleven artisanal fishing communities in the selected area using systematic sampling. Data were collected on household consumption patterns. This process was used to determine the profile of poverty using the latest upper poverty line of Ghana and the Greer and Thorbecke (1984) poverty formula. Research findings show that the various poverty alleviation methods implemented over three decades by the Government of Ghana, the World Bank, and the International Monetary Fund (IMF) significantly failed as they have not produced any meaningful effect on poverty reduction in the sample area. Finally, this paper offers further suggestions regarding how this poverty gap may be bridged using alternative methods.

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Poku-Boansi, Michael, Clifford Amoako, Justice Kufuor Owusu-Ansah und Patrick Brandful Cobbinah. „The geography of urban poverty in Kumasi, Ghana“. Habitat International 103 (September 2020): 102220. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.habitatint.2020.102220.

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Braimah, Imoro, Kwame Obeng Nti und Owusu Amponsah. „Poverty Penalty in Urban Water Market in Ghana“. Urban Forum 29, Nr. 2 (13.12.2017): 147–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12132-017-9328-x.

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Ofosu-Anim, Duke O., und Seung-Hee Back. „Indigenous Community Development Practices as a Substratum in Designing Poverty Alleviation Policies for Ghana: Lessons from South Korea’s Saemaul Movement“. Journal of Asian Research 4, Nr. 2 (25.03.2020): p1. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/jar.v4n2p1.

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Saemaul Movement was a community-based rural poverty alleviation policy of South Korea in the 1970s which contributed to ending poverty in rural communities. Its success can be attributed to how Koreans made use of indigenous community practices in policy design. The objective of the research was to evaluate the adaptation of Saemaul in Ghana, focusing on similarities in economic conditions and indigenous practices. The research utilised literature, interviews, and observations as the basis of methodology. The research findings revealed that the rural economic conditions in South Korea before Saemaul Movement was introduced was very similar to Ghana’s current rural economic indicators, which presents a reliable basis for comparative analysis on adaptation of Saemaul Movement in Ghana. Interviewees made a case for replicability of SM in Ghana. The results point to the existence of many similar indigenous rural community development practices which are prevalent in both case countries, and a possibility of developing poverty alleviation policies in Ghana based on existing indigenous practices as evidenced in the South Korean Saemaul Movement case. The researchers conclude that for poverty alleviation policies to work in Ghana, efforts in policy design must be based on utilising existing indigenous practices of rural communities.

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Boateng, William. „Social Construction of Poverty in Ghana: A Structural Sociological Analysis“. International Journal of Social Science Research 2, Nr. 1 (09.01.2014): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ijssr.v2i1.4886.

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Poverty is a social construct largely based on the culture of poverty paradigm where the poor are blamed for their plight. Poverty constructed this way diverts attention from the social forces responsible for it. In order to thoroughly understand poverty in Ghana, therefore, we need to engage in the sociological imagination to see if poverty is a personal problem or a public issue. This paper aims to disprove the culture of poverty paradigm, which defines poverty as a personal problem, and redirect the attention to the macro social structure as the premise upon which poverty resides, thus making it an important public issue.The general objective of the paper is to use the macro sociological perspectives - functionalist, conflict, feminist, and postmodernist - to make a cogent case against the culture of poverty paradigm as basis for the social construction of poverty. Specifically, the paper identifies the social groups more susceptible to experience poverty in Ghana, the macro social forces responsible for their susceptibility, and propose feasible specific policy strategies to address poverty and the social pathologies tied to it.

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Novignon, Jacob, Justice Nonvignon und Richard Mussa. „The poverty and inequality nexus in Ghana“. International Journal of Social Economics 45, Nr. 2 (12.02.2018): 246–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijse-11-2016-0333.

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Purpose Understanding the linkages between poverty and inequality is vital to any sustainable development and poverty reduction strategies. In Ghana, while poverty has reduced significantly over the years, inequality has increased. The purpose of this paper is to examine the linkages between inequality in household expenditure components and overall inequality and poverty in Ghana. Design/methodology/approach Using microdata from the sixth round of the Ghana Living Standards Survey (GLSS 6) conducted in 2012/2013, marginal effects and elasticities were computed for both within- and between-component analysis. Findings The results suggest that, in general, reducing within-component inequality significantly reduces overall poverty and inequality in Ghana, compared with between-component inequality. Specifically, inequality in education and health expenditure components were the largest contributors to overall poverty and inequality. The findings imply that policies directed toward reducing within-component inequality will be more effective. Specifically, the findings of the study corroborate recent policies on education and health in Ghana aimed at inequality within these components. Sustaining and scaling up these policies will be a step in the right direction. Originality/value The study contributes to existing studies in several ways: first, this study becomes the first attempt to examine inequality-poverty nexus using household expenditure components in Ghana. Second, the use of expenditure in place of income is an addition to the literature. Income is usually subject to reporting biases and is minimal in expenditure. Finally, the findings highlight the need for poverty reduction strategies to focus on specific household components including education and health. Blanket interventions may not be effective in reducing inequality and poverty.

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Rolleston, Caine. „Educational access and poverty reduction: The case of Ghana 1991–2006“. International Journal of Educational Development 31, Nr. 4 (Mai 2011): 338–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijedudev.2011.01.002.

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Lin, Boqiang, und Michael Adu Okyere. „Multidimensional Energy Poverty and Mental Health: Micro-Level Evidence from Ghana“. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, Nr. 18 (15.09.2020): 6726. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17186726.

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Regardless of growing interest and awareness of the effect of energy poverty on mental health, studies on this linkage have mainly relied on unidimensional measures of energy poverty with much concentration on advanced economies. Employing a two-wave socioeconomic survey, we analyzed the impact of multidimensional energy poverty on mental health in Ghana. We found energy poverty to heighten the chances of being mentally unhealthy. Using prices of liquefied petroleum gas and electricity as instruments for multidimensional energy poverty, we found that a rise in energy deprivation is associated with a 0.562-, 1.494- and 1.867-fold increase in the odds of being mildly, moderately and severely depressed, respectively. Among the indicators of multidimensional energy poverty, a deprivation in household appliance ownership (refrigerator ownership), recorded the highest impact on the depression levels of household heads. We concluded by urging policymakers to adopt a holistic approach in solving issues of energy poverty where simultaneous attention is given to all the dimensions of energy poverty since they collectively have detrimental effects on mental health, especially in a developing country setting.

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Appiah-Kubi, Jamal. „Poverty Alleviation Programs for Female Slum Dwellers in Ghana: The Case of Ashaiman“. Global Social Welfare 8, Nr. 3 (18.01.2021): 221–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40609-021-00202-x.

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Bathuure, Isaac Akpemah, Lens Opoku Brobbey und Kingsley Bawa. „Spatial Distribution of Resources and Poverty Incidence in Ghana“. Journal of Economics and Management Sciences 3, Nr. 4 (17.11.2020): p1. http://dx.doi.org/10.30560/jems.v3n4p1.

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This paper investigates the spatial distribution of resources, production activities and poverty in Ghana. The study found that the presence of natural resources in an area over a period of time greatly influences industrial activities in that locality. Moreover, given that firms or manufacturing industries will usually site their business ventures close to the sources of resource attraction, the processes of production including value addition, packaging, and refinery largely becomes vibrant in resource rich areas than less-resource zones. In Ghana, there seems to be an uneven distribution of natural resources across the administrative regions and ecological zones. This kind of distribution has resulted in the creation of additional jobs in areas endowed with natural resources. Data for the studies was obtain from Ghana statistical service Spatial distribution of natural resources positively influences most important production activities in the discovered areas. A boom in production activities within an areas certainly reflect on the poverty incidence of the people since it creates both direct and indirect employment opportunities in that area. The paper suggests diversification of the economy, equitable allocation of resources to deprived areas to ensures comprehensive development and poverty alleviation in all aspects of life of the ordinary Ghanaian .Government needs to as well put in the needed measures to ensure people gets direct benefits from resources exploited in their communities as most of these exploitive activities pose negative externalities to the people.

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Ali, M. Shaukat. „Poverty Assessment: Pakistan's Case“. Pakistan Development Review 34, Nr. 1 (01.03.1995): 43–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v34i1pp.43-54.

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This study is an attempt to determine the poverty-line and the incidence of poverty in Pakistan by using data of the latest Household Integrated Economic Survey: 1990-91. The study uses a different approach. and methodology in respect of earlier studies of the subject. The approach is that of the "Basic Needs", which defines the poverty-line in terms of minimum expenditure on all needs, food as well as non-food. The methodology used in estimating the minimum expenditure on various needs is based on the "Extended Linear Expenditure System (ELES)". For the year under review, the total poverty-line was estimated at Rs 374 per capita per month, with the food poverty-line at Rs 191. A comparison with the income levels reported in the Survey revealed that roughly 47 percent population had an income less than this threshold level expenditure on all needs, the shortfall or gap being almost 25 percent. The proportion of population with an income less than the threshold expenditure on food alone was found to be 10 percent. In certain respects, the results were quite different, quantitatively as well as qualitatively, from those of the earlier studies.

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Bawelle, Eugene Bongfudeme Gideon. „Impact of Livelihood Empowerment against Poverty Programme in Ghana: The Case of Wa West District“. International Journal of Social Science Research 4, Nr. 2 (19.09.2016): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ijssr.v4i2.9415.

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It still remains an unanswered puzzle, why poverty in the three northern regions of Ghana remains very high in the midst of abundant resources and several policy interventions. The purpose of this study is to ascertain the extent to which the Livelihood Empowerment Against Poverty (LEAP) has improved welfare and reduced poverty in the Wa West District of Ghana. Arguing through the lens of the rights-based theoretical perspective, the study employed the difference-in-difference analytical technique to compare the extent to which poverty in the district has been lessened among beneficiaries of the LEAP programme against non-beneficiaries. The results show that the LEAP programme had a positive impact on food security as LEAP beneficiaries were more satisfied with their food consumption as compared to non-beneficiaries. Also there was a significant difference between the percentages of LEAP beneficiaries enrolled onto the NHIS as compared to non-beneficiaries. On the effect of the LEAP programme on access to credit, the study reveals that there exists a significant difference between the beneficiary group and non-beneficiary group and that access to credit amongst the beneficiary group is significantly higher than the non-beneficiary group. The study finds no statistically significant relationship between the LEAP beneficiary group and the non-beneficiary group in terms of productive activities. However, low monthly cash transfers; irregular monthly payment, bureaucratic administrative procedures are some of the challenges hindering the success of the LEAP program in the Wa West district. Other policy implications are discussed.

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Obour, Richard, Paul Ankomah und Trent Larson. „Ecotourism Potential in Alleviating Rural Poverty: The Case of Kakum National Park in Ghana“. Athens Journal of Tourism 4, Nr. 4 (28.11.2017): 263–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.30958/ajt.4.4.1.

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Foli, Rosina. „Transnational actors and policymaking in Ghana: The case of the Livelihood Empowerment Against Poverty“. Global Social Policy 16, Nr. 3 (24.07.2016): 268–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1468018115615643.

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Transnational actors (TNAs) are a part of the global social policy process. But questions of their roles and involvement in the process remain unanswered. Using a qualitative research to study Ghana’s adoption of the Livelihood Empowerment Against Poverty (LEAP), this article brings new evidence to light on how TNAs influence social policies in developing countries. Contrary to arguments that stress imposition as the main policy diffusion mechanism, it is shown here that TNAs combine multiple strategies including ideational, institutional, and material incentives to influence social policies in particular countries. As idea purveyors at the transnational level, TNAs are linked to the national policy process through their connections with policymakers and, more specifically, through policy discussions at regular sector working group meetings. From this perspective, ideas are shared and availability of support toward policy development is communicated.

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Sulemana, Saaka. „A Multiple Streams Approach to Understanding Social Policy in Ghana: The Case of Livelihood Empowerment against Poverty“. Journal of Public Administration and Governance 7, Nr. 4 (26.11.2017): 198. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jpag.v7i4.11903.

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This paper utilizes Kingdon’s Multiple Streams Approach (MSA) to explain how Livelihood Empowerment against Poverty (LEAP) was created in Ghana. MSA explains that policies are made by governments under the conditions of ambiguity (Zahariadis, 2014). Therefore, the paper explores social policy in two different time periods, 1992 to 2000, and 2001 to 2008 and argues that, prior to 2001 social policy was relatively ineffective. However, this changed when the New Patriotic Party took office in 2001. By applying MSA, this paper makes a distinct theoretical contribution to social policy research in Ghana, and argues that the policy entrepreneurial role of Former President Kufuor undergirds the implementation of LEAP in 2008.

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Acquah, P. C., und A. Boateng. „Planning for mine closure: Some case studies in Ghana“. Minerals & Energy - Raw Materials Report 15, Nr. 1 (Januar 2000): 23–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14041040009362548.

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Coe, Cati. „Spirit Children: Illness, Poverty, and Infanticide in Northern Ghana, written by Aaron R. Denham“. Journal of Religion in Africa 47, Nr. 3-4 (18.07.2017): 439–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15700666-12340116.

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Amofah, Seth. „Indigenous Women Social Entrepreneurship; Poverty Alleviation Tool Used by Development NGOs in Ghana“. ATHENS JOURNAL OF SOCIAL SCIENCES 8, Nr. 2 (01.02.2021): 151–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.30958/ajss.8-2-4.

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This research paper examines the role of Non-Government Organizations (NGO) in the use of indigenous women social entrepreneurship as a means of reducing poverty in Northern Ghana. The study focused on an Estonian NGO working in significantly poor-rural districts of Northern Ghana. The study employed case study design where face to face semi-structures interviews were used to gather data from local women entrepreneurs, NGO staff and local government officials. A sample of twenty-one (21) respondents was gathered purposefully to achieve the aim of the study. The study found out that, most poor communities in Northern Ghana are endowed with resources needed for production. What are however lacked are managerial training, financial and technical support as well as market access. Development NGOs connect indigenous resources such as raw materials, human capital and social capital together through provision of equipment and skills training to produce internationally certified products for both local and international market. The study found out that producing local products for international market increases the rate of poverty alleviation since many local people get involved and the financial returns is higher than producing for the local market. The study also identified the creation of new macro-micro international relations between the NGO’s home country and the indigenous communities. Keywords: Indigenous Social entrepreneurship, Women, Poverty alleviation, Development NGOs, Northern Ghana.

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Boateng, Alice. „Rethinking Alternative Livelihood Projects for Women of the Pits: The Case of Atiwa“. Academic Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies 6, Nr. 2 (26.07.2017): 17–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ajis-2017-0002.

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Abstract Artisanal Small Scale Mining with its environmental, social, economic, and health impacts, is replacing agriculture as the main economic activity in sub-Saharan Africa. Mining activities have therefore become an economic activity in the rural mining areas, as a quick way to escape poverty. This exploratory qualitative study examines the factors behind the prevalence of women in the pit business, washing muddy sand for particles of gold, in the Atiwa district of Ghana. However, not much is known about the impact of the pit work on the women’s wellbeing. The goal is to understand the lived experiences of the women and explore ways they could be assisted. Findings from the study indicate that poverty, lack of economic opportunities, and unattractive rural poverty alleviation strategies have contributed to the plight of these women. The women could benefit from asset-based interventions that could redirect their work to projects that would enhance their livelihoods.

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Regier, Greg, Yacob A. Zereyesus, Timothy J. Dalton und Vincent Amanor-Boadu. „Do Adult Equivalence Scales Matter in Poverty Estimates? A Northern Ghana Case Study and Simulation“. Journal of International Development 31, Nr. 1 (21.09.2018): 80–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jid.3394.

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OWUSU, GEORGE. „The Role of Small Towns in Regional Development and Poverty Reduction in Ghana“. International Journal of Urban and Regional Research 32, Nr. 2 (Juni 2008): 453–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2427.2008.00794.x.

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Wyly, Elvin, und James DeFilippis. „Mapping Public Housing: The Case of New York City“. City & Community 9, Nr. 1 (März 2010): 61–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6040.2009.01306.x.

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In American popular discourse and policy debates, “public housing” conjures images of “the projects”—dysfunctional neighborhood imprints of a discredited welfare state. Yet this image, so important in justifying deconcentration, is a dangerous caricature of the diverse places where low–income public housing residents live, and it ignores a much larger public housing program—the $100 billion–plus annual mortgage interest tax concessions to (mostly) wealthy homeowners. in this article, we measure three spatial aspects of assisted housing, poverty, and wealth in New York City. First, local indicators of spatial association document a contingent link between assistance and poverty: vouchers are not consistently associated with poverty deconcentration. Second, spatial regressions confirm this result after controlling for racial segregation and spatial autocorrelation. Third, factor analyses and cluster classifications reveal a rich, complex neighborhood topography of poverty, wealth, and housing subsidy that defies the simplistic stereotypes of policy and popular discourse.

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STEPHENS, RHIANNON. „POVERTY'S PASTS: A CASE FORLONGUE DURÉESTUDIES“. Journal of African History 59, Nr. 3 (November 2018): 399–409. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021853718000415.

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AbstractThis article examines how historians have approached the history of poverty in Africa before European colonisation. From an earlier focus on the emergence of class difference to more recent studies on the emergence of poverty, scholars have demonstrated the longevity of economic inequality in Africa. This historiography counters a linear view of the growth of economic inequality and the idea that poverty is a necessary corollary of wealth. The article then considers how historians have studied the meanings of poverty within particular societies to the nineteenth century allowing us to move beyond the inadequacy of quantitative data. It ends by arguing for morelongue duréestudies of poverty in Africa with a focus on the qualitative and on the internal dynamics of particular societies. This will improve our knowledge about how colonial rule changed the experience and reality of poverty for people across the continent and form a basis for comparative studies.

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Werlin, Herbert. „Ghana and South Korea: Lessons from world bank case studies“. Public Administration and Development 11, Nr. 3 (Mai 1991): 245–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pad.4230110312.

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Cameron, Stuart, und Eric Daniel Ananga. „Savings Groups, Livelihoods and Education: Two Case Studies in Ghana“. Journal of International Development 27, Nr. 7 (30.01.2015): 1027–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jid.3067.

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Tsamenyi, Mathew, Joseph Onumah und Edmund Tetteh-Kumah. „Post-privatization performance and organizational changes: Case studies from Ghana“. Critical Perspectives on Accounting 21, Nr. 5 (Juli 2010): 428–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cpa.2008.01.002.

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Kakwani, Nanak, und Hyun H. Son. „Pro-poor Growth: Concepts and Measurement with Country Case Studies (Distinguished Lecture)“. Pakistan Development Review 42, Nr. 4I (01.12.2003): 417–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v42i4ipp.417-444.

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This paper looks into the interrelation between economic growth, inequality, and poverty. Using the notion of pro-poor growth, we examine the extent to which the poor benefit from economic growth. First, various approaches to defining and measuring propoor growth are scrutinised using a variety of criteria. It is argued that the satisfaction of a monotonicity axiom is a key criterion for measuring pro-poor growth. The monotonicity axiom sets out a condition that the proportional reduction in poverty is a monotonically increasing function of the pro-poor growth measure. The paper proposes a pro-poor growth measure that satisfies the monotonicity criterion. This measure is called a ‘poverty equivalent growth rate’, which takes into account both the magnitude of growth and how the benefits of growth are distributed to the poor and the non-poor. As the new measure satisfies the criterion of monotonicity, it is indicative that to achieve rapid poverty reduction, the poverty equivalent growth rate—rather than the actual growth rate—ought to be maximised. The methodology developed in the paper is then applied to three Asian countries, namely, the Republic of Korea, Thailand, and Vietnam.

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Marciniak, Ed. „The case for a non‐economic definition of poverty“. Social Thought 11, Nr. 3 (Juni 1985): 49–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15426432.1985.10383528.

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Greene, Richard P. „POVERTY-AREA INSTABILITY: THE CASE OF CHICAGO“. Urban Geography 15, Nr. 4 (Juni 1994): 362–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.2747/0272-3638.15.4.362.

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Millar, James R. „Poverty, Inequality, and Rural Development. Case Studies in Economic Development“. Comparative Economic Studies 38, Nr. 4 (Dezember 1996): 146–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/ces.1996.47.

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LARSON, DONALD K. „Transitions of Poverty Amidst Employment Growth: Two Nonmetro case studies“. Growth and Change 20, Nr. 2 (April 1989): 19–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2257.1989.tb00762.x.

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Siaw, Anthony, Yuansheng Jiang, Martinson Ankrah Twumasi und Wonder Agbenyo. „The Impact of Internet Use on Income: The Case of Rural Ghana“. Sustainability 12, Nr. 8 (17.04.2020): 3255. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12083255.

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This study analyzed the effects of internet use on farm income and household income using survey data from 478 rural farmers from two regions in Ghana. An endogenous switching regression (ESR) model and probit models were employed to achieve the aims of the study. The results revealed that internet use was influenced by off-farm employment, education, access to credit, non-fixed asset (NFA), age, and perception variables. We found that internet use increased farm income and household income by 20.1% and 15.47%, respectively. Regarding heterogeneous impacts, the estimates showed that internet use reduced farm income by 18.12% for farm households that participated in off-farm activities but increased farm income by 14.66% for households that had access to NFA. The estimates also indicated that internet use increased household income by 31.77% for farm households that engaged in off-farm employment and by 15.33% for those that had access to NFA. Furthermore, internet use increased the household income for households that did not engage in off-farm activities by 24.85%. The findings of this study will contribute significantly to the existing literature on information communication technology (ICT) in developing countries by providing a new reference for improving rural development and solving the problem of poverty.

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Devas, N. „City governance and poverty: the case of Kumasi“. Environment and Urbanization 12, Nr. 1 (01.04.2000): 123–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/095624780001200109.

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Chibuye, Miniva. „Interrogating urban poverty lines – the case of Zambia“. Environment and Urbanization 26, Nr. 1 (24.02.2014): 236–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0956247813519047.

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Dzigbede, Komla D., und Rahul Pathak. „COVID-19 economic shocks and fiscal policy options for Ghana“. Journal of Public Budgeting, Accounting & Financial Management 32, Nr. 5 (30.10.2020): 903–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jpbafm-07-2020-0127.

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PurposeThis article examines the fiscal challenges the coronavirus pandemic poses in African countries, using Ghana as a case study and summarizes the country's immediate monetary and fiscal responses to the pandemic. The article also discusses the potential impacts of coronavirus-related shocks on the Ghana economy and policy options the national government may pursue to counteract the pandemic's adverse long-term effects.Design/methodology/approachThe article uses daily and monthly economic indicators to assess the immediate impact of the pandemic on Ghana's economy. The article also uses latest data from the Ghana Living Standards Survey (GLSS) to simulate potential shocks to the economy related to the coronavirus crisis and examines the outcomes from a potential government response that expands spending on an existing direct social assistance program.FindingsThe authors find that the coronavirus pandemic is associated with a significant increase in Ghana's poverty measures over time, and an expansion in government spending under an existing cash transfer program would partly offset the economic shocks related to the crisis and improve outcomes for poverty and inequality. The authors also argue that other well-targeted expenditure and revenue policies will support long-term economic resilience.Research limitations/implicationsThe research suggests that a temporary expansion of the existing program of direct cash payments to poor households may be an effective social protection policy, as are well-targeted revenue and spending policies that support economic recovery and long-term fiscal sustainability.Practical implicationsThe findings imply that while the pandemic might cause severe shocks in the economy, well-targeted spending and revenue policies that are anchored in sound macroeconomic management can promote economic resilience and long-term fiscal sustainability.Social implicationsPublic managers must ensure that national policy responses to the coronavirus pandemic consider socio-economic indicators, such as poverty and income inequality.Originality/valueThe authors present research that uses novel household-level data and an evidence-based microsimulation framework to articulate potential public policy strategies that can guide national responses to, and recovery from, the coronavirus pandemic.

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Fofack, H. „Combining Light Monitoring Surveys with Integrated Surveys to Improve Targeting for Poverty Reduction: The Case of Ghana“. World Bank Economic Review 14, Nr. 1 (01.01.2000): 195–219. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/wber/14.1.195.

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