Dissertationen zum Thema „Poudres céramiques – Synthèse (chimie)“
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Benbertal, Djamal. „Sur de nouvelles méthodes de synthèses de poudres céramiques : élaboration et caractérisation de silicates préparés par chimie douce“. Toulouse 3, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993TOU30129.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBravo, Anne-Cécile. „Elaboration de céramiques transparentes de Yb:Sc2O3 pour applications laser“. Limoges, 2008. http://aurore.unilim.fr/theses/nxfile/default/c7246e54-5d85-4c4f-bde7-6fbab389b70c/blobholder:0/2008LIMO4031.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleTransparent polycrystalline ceramics turn out to be very promising materials for laser applications. Indeed, they present several advantages in comparison to single crystals, such as easier fabrication of large size and complex shape pieces. To get high performance laser transparent ceramics, fully dense and defects-free materials must be elaborated. The high quality of the starting powders, as well as the shaping and the sintering conditions of the materials, appear consequently as key points of the process. In this work, we have investigated the elaboration of Yb-doped Sc2O3 transparent ceramics. The starting powders were prepared by thermal decomposition of carbonate precursors synthesized by coprecipitation. Various synthesis conditions (precipitation technique, synthesis temperature, molar ratio of the reactants, calcination temperature) were tested. Their influence on the characteristics of the precipitates and of the calcined powders was investigated. The optimisation of the synthesis conditions have lead to the preparation of reactive, pure and homogeneous Yb:Sc2O3 powders. These powders were shaped into compacts by uniaxial or cold isostatic pressing, before being sintered under vacuum. The influence of the sintering conditions (temperature, dwell time, addition of SiO2 as a sintering aid, Yb3+ content) on the density, the microstructure and the chemical homogeneity of the materials, was studied. Some Yb-doped Sc2O3 translucent ceramics, with no apparent porosity and no secondary phase, have been obtained after vacuum sintering at 1750°C
Varnier, Olivier. „Synthèse et caractérisation de poudres de spinelle de magnésium et d'oxyde d'erbium par les voies sol-gel“. Montpellier 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992MON20032.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBoulos, Madona. „Elaboration de poudres de titanates par chimie douce, caractérisation, mise en forme de céramiques et de couches, et propriétés électriques : application aux matériaux à très fortes valeurs de permitivité“. Toulouse 3, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005TOU30261.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleNanometric powders of BaTiO3 have been prepared by hydrothermal method at 150 and 250°C using BaCl2. 2H2O/TiCl3 or TiO2 as precursors. Ceramics showing 95% of densification are obtained after sintering at 1250°C for 10 and 20 h. These ceramics present a heterogeneous microstructure. The grain size and the grain distribution in the ceramic bulk govern the electrical properties. Thick layers present a relative permittivity higher then 4000 at the curie temperature. La-doped BaTiO3 has been prepared by the oxalate method. The obtained ceramics showed a uniform microstructure. The Curie temperature is displaced to lower temperatures and the relative permittivity increases up to 10000 with increasing La3+ concentration. Ceramics sintered by spark plasma sintering showed electrical properties that are significantly different from those of conventionnally sintered ones. The coprecipitation has been used to synthesize materials based on CaCu3Ti4O12. Three main types of ceramics were obtained. The presence of CuO phase beside the CCT plays an important role for enhancing the dielectric properties
Marlot, Caroline. „Elaboration de céramiques transparentes Er YAG : synthèse de poudre par co-précipitation et frittage SPS“. Phd thesis, Université de Bourgogne, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00921123.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAballea, Pierre. „Mise en forme, densification et propriétés optiques de céramiques transparentes CaF2 Yb, pour applications en laser de puissance“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 6, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066752.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe goal of this Ph.D. work is to study and understand CaF2:Yb ceramics sintering behaviour in order to produce transparent ceramics, comprising a rather limited residual porosity and optical quality compatible with a laser amplification purpose. First, the characteristics which make of ytterbium doped calcium fluoride an interesting material for high average power laser amplifiers will be reminded. Then, the method used for raw CaF2:Yb nanopowders production will be explained, and the nanopowders characteristics and potential deficiencies toward a ceramics process will be exposed. Three distinct shaping ways are explored for green body forming, two of them involving wet shaping conditions which are quite a new feature for a fluoride material-based laser ceramic such as CaF2:Yb : Isostatic pressing of dried nanopowders, slip casting, and an innovative wet shaping way using centrifuge forces and not involving porous moulds or charged slurries use. The sintering behaviour of each production ways green bodies are studied. Finally, the optical and laser properties are observed for each of the synthesis methods and compared to ideals single crystals with similar composition
Amroune, Ali. „Synthèse in situ de Whiskers SiC et de particules Al(2)O(3) par réduction carbothermique d'aluminosilicates naturels et élaboration de matériaux composites Al(2)O(3)-SiC(w) à partir des poudres synthétisées“. Lyon, INSA, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998ISAL0116.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleNatural aluminium silicates: kaolinite, pyrophyllite, andalusite and kyanite, were used as precursors for in-situ synthesis of SiC-whiskers and Al203 particles by carbothermal reduction. Phase evolution and microstructural transformations in the systems have been studied as a function of different reaction conditions in the temperature range 1260-1600 °C. The effects of granulometry of the minerals, specific surface and content of carbon in the systems, alumina addition, reaction zone in the samples, and the type of aluminosilicate used have been studied. The role of impurities present in the natural aluminosilicate has been studied by comparison with transformations occurring in pure oxides doped with known concentrations of metals under the same reaction conditions. The reactional mechanisms in the systems were studied on the basis of reaction sequences and thermodynamic calculations. On the other hand, high temperature transformation occurring in the aluminosilicates in the absence of carbon has also been studied in the temperature range 1170- 1600 °C. Synthesized composites Al203/SiC-whisker (and Al203/Zr02/SiC-whisker with zirconia addition) by this in-situ way were prepared under different experimental conditions and 1characterized. The mechanical properties obtained are comparable with those obtained from similar composites prepared by the conventional method of physical dispersion of the phases synthesized separately. The advantages of this in-situ route is to reduce the toxic risk of whiskers by inhalation related to their handling, to simplify the processing of this kind of composites, and to use precursors with large availability such as minerals. The difficulty with this method is the morphological control of the whiskers and the particles because these are not synthesized separately
Daltin, Anne-Lise. „Synthèse et élaboration de poudres et de céramiques PLZT massives transparentes et piézoélectriques“. Lille 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994LIL10045.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleVrel, Dominique. „Synthèse de matériaux céramiques par combustion auto-entretenue de poudres (procédé SHS)“. Paris 13, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA132011.
Der volle Inhalt der QuellePinceloup, Pascal. „Synthèse hydrothermale de poudres de titanate de baryum, réalisation et caractérisation des céramiques“. Valenciennes, 1997. https://ged.uphf.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/1b50288d-7163-44fb-ab7c-2c0ab9187385.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleCristini-Robbe, Odile. „Synthèse de poudres céramiques conductrices par procédé sol-gel assisté par du Co2 supercritique : étude des caractéristiques morphologiques, structurales et électriques“. Montpellier 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003MON20195.
Der volle Inhalt der QuellePonthieu, Eric. „Synthèse et caractérisation de poudres d'alumine et de nitrure d'aluminium à grains fins“. Lille 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993LIL10084.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBermis, Philippe. „Synthèse en sel fondu de poudres d'YBa2Cu3O(7-x) et application à l'élaboration de céramiques supraconductrices texturées“. Grenoble INPG, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991INPG0111.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAboujalil, Almaz. „Synthèse en milieu nitrites alcalins fondus de phases ferroélectriques dans les systèmes BaO-TiO2 et PbTiO3-PbZrO3 : caractérisation de PbTiO3 et des PZT“. Lyon 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997LYO10212.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBenamira, Aziza. „Mise au point d'une synthèse, en milieu oxonitrates alcalins fondus, de poudres de hafnone pure ou stabilisée : caractérisation, frittage et essais mécaniques“. Lyon 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997LYO10304.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBoulin, Stéphanie. „Synthèse et pyrolise de précurseurs polymériques de céramiques SiBC et SiBCN : Extension à des systèmes de type SiBCNM, M = P, GegE“. Rennes 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004REN10081.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleShen, Yan. „Synthèse de poudres nanocomposites et dépôts de cathodes pour les piles à combustible à température moyenne“. Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2011. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/1620.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMenezes, de Oliveira André Luiz. „Synthèse et Caractérisation de poudres et couches minces de SrSn₁₋ₓ Ti ₓ O₃“. Phd thesis, Université Rennes 1, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00955334.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLevy, Caroline. „Synthèse d'oxydes nanophases conducteurs par chimie douce : mise en évidence de la mobilité de l'oxygène“. Montpellier 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003MON20140.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleGarcía, Pérez Pascual. „Hétérocoagulation de poudres d’oxydes en milieu aqueux : étude d’un processus d’agglomération pour l’élaboration de sphères en suspension“. Limoges, 2007. https://aurore.unilim.fr/theses/nxfile/default/f3d0be72-fa17-42ac-8c31-c9334fa3fb3f/blobholder:0/2007LIMO4001.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis work is focused on the study of the interactions between two inorganic materials, alumina and silica. When the two partially dispersed suspensions of these two oxides are mixed, the surface charge with an opposed polarity produces an heterocoagulation process in a large range of pH. Nanoparticles of silica adsorb on the submicronic alumina surface. An adapted mass relationship between the two oxides destabilizes the system and agglomerates alumina. The application of a rotational movement to the suspension bottle increases the agglomerates size with time. The consolidation of the suspension leads to a very homogeneous distribution of spheres in terms of size and form. This process was extended to others raw materials like zirconia, silica or titanium oxide. Hollow spheres was also obtained
Sornay, Philippe. „Mise en évidence et analyse de l'influence des paramètres de configuration du mélange -Fe2O3 + ZnO + Mn3O4 sur sa transformation en ferrite spinelle (Mn,Zn)Fe2O4“. Dijon, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991DIJOS052.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleHuang, An-Rong. „Synthèse par procédé sol-gel du chromite de lanthane pour éléments chauffants“. Montpellier 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995MON20039.
Der volle Inhalt der QuellePalard, Mickaël. „Synthèse et frittage d’hydroxyapatites phosphocalciques silicatées“. Limoges, 2007. https://aurore.unilim.fr/theses/nxfile/default/0a57188a-f515-49eb-b974-67e88f06f89e/blobholder:0/2007LIMO4056.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSilicated hydroxyapatite powders Ca10(PO4)6-x(SiO4)x(OH)2-x (0 ≤ x ≤ 2) were synthesized by a wet precipitation method with control of the pH and temperature, followed by a heat treatment. The raw materials were composed of a partially silicated and carbonated apatite and a secondary minor phase containing the excess silicon. This excess is fully incorporated in the apatite lattice during the calcination by substituting carbonate groups (CO3 2-) from the synthesis. For xSi ≤ 1 mol, powders are pure. The mechanism of formation of the silicated HA is : Ca10-y(PO4)6-y-w(CO3)y(SiO4)w(OH)2-y-w + y CaSiO3 → Ca10(PO4)6-y-w(SiO4)w+y(OH)2-y-w + y CO2. For xSi > 1 mol, the powders crystallize in a biphasic system, alpha tricalcium phosphate and hydroxyapatite. The thermal stability of powders depends on the silicon content. The thermal decomposition of the silicated hydroxyapatite could be written into two steps according to the reactions : Ca10(PO4)6-x(SiO4)x(OH)2-x → (1 – x/2) Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2 + (x) Ca3(PO4)2 + (x) Ca2SiO4 (T1) → (1 – x/2) Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2 + (x/2) Ca10(PO4)4(SiO4)2 (T2). When silicates were incorporated in the hydroxyapatite lattice, the begining of the sintering and the maximum densification rate were shifted to the high temperatures. The conditions must be adaptated to each composition in order to obtain dense materials (τ> 95%) without secondary phase. Dense ceramics made of pure HA and SixHA containing various amounts of silicate (up to x = 0. 6) were biologically tested in vitro with human osteoblast like cells. The proliferation of cells on the surface of the ceramics increased up to 5 days of culture indicating that the materials were biocompatible. But, the silicon content did not influence the cell proliferation
Faqir, Hakim. „Synthèse, croissance cristalline et caractérisations de quelques phases, supraconductrices ou non, dans le système (Bi,Pb)-Sr-Ca-Cu-O“. Aix-Marseille 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995AIX11042.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBeji, Zyed. „Synthèse par chimie douce et caractérisation de poudres et de films nanocristallins de ferrites mixtes de Ni - Zn : études des propriétés magnétiques statiques“. Paris 7, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA077203.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleNi-Zn soft ferrite thin films are promising materials for many applications in the hyperfrequency field. The preparation of nanocristalline films based on these materials and the comprehension of their static magnetic properties related to their structure and microstructure are primordial to control their dynamic magnetic properties and consequently, to integrale them, in an optimized way, as miniaturized devices. Ni₁₋xZnxFe₂O₄ powder and films have been prepared by the polyol method. Synthesis optimization allowed us to have fine and monodispersed nanoparticles. Films of micrometric thickness were obtained as well. Nanocristalline film structure was confirmed by X ray diffraction and also by transmission electronic microscopy. EXAFS and Mössbauer experiments conducted on the as-produced powders and films show that their structure is different from the thermodynamically stable one. Magnetic studies of the powder and the Ni ₁₋xZnxFe₂O₄ films showed that they present a superparamagnetic behaviour at room temperature. While powder magnetization was relatively high and close to bulk materials, film magnetization was low. This behavior was due to the film densification with interface formation between the nanocristals (such as grain boundaries) and also to the installation of cooperative phenomena. Our study proved that the thermal treatment does not take part in the improvement of the film magnetic properties
Ouahdi, Noura. „Synthèse de l’aluminate de cobalt par voie sels fondus, caractérisation et application à la coloration des carreaux céramiques industriels“. Toulouse 3, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005TOU30273.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe objective is the synthesis, by molten salts route, of a major industrial blue pigment, the cobalt aluminate. The powders obtained have been characterized by ICP, XRD, DTA/TGA, FTIR, SEM and TEM, UV-Visible spectroscopy and colourimetric analysis by the L*a*b* method. The reaction of cobalt and aluminium chlorides in molten medium constituted of alkali-metal nitrates, chlorides or sulfates always lead to mixtures of phases (Co3O4, CoAl2O4 and g Al2O3) which composition is depending on the nature of the molten bath. These mixture are very reactive and are transformed in CoAl2O4 by heating at 1000°C without any plateau. The double decomposition reactions between the mixed alkali-metal oxyde g LiAlO2 and the double chloride KCoCl3, at 500°C for 24 hours, lead directly to crystallized cobalt aluminate. The powders obtained have been characterized, then tested for the colouring of ceramic tiles comparatively to an industrial pigment. The tests, performed in the moroccan society Union Cerame, confirm that the pigment synthesized in molten salt medium is a good candidate for the use in the colouring of industrial ceramic tiles
Kergourlay, Emmanuelle. „Apatites nanocristallines biomimétiques carbonatées pour applications médicales : de la synthèse des poudres aux revêtements par projection dynamique à froid (Cold Spray)“. Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016INPT0005.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAtmospheric plasma sprayed (APS) coatings of hydroxyapatite (HA) are considered as standard coatings in the field of orthopedic implants. However, some studies have shown that these coatings contained secondary phases resulting from the decomposition of HA during the spraying process, which could potentially limit the lifetime of implants. Moreover, nosocomial infections have been reported a few years after surgery. Although HA has osteoconductive properties, it has a different chemical composition and crystal characteristics from those of bone mineral (non-stoichiometric; carbonated and poorly crystallized). Biomimetic nanocrystralline apatites, on the contrary, offer the advantage to possess a surface hydrated layer analogous to that identified in bone mineral which can be functionalized. A carbonated nanocrystalline apatite similar to bone mineral "BNAc" and a silver doped biomimetic apatite "AgBNAc" were synthesized for this study, which could potentially accelerate osseointegration of implants (BNAc and AgBNAc) and prevent nosocomial infections (AgBNAc). In order to preserve the physicochemical characteristics of these powders, thermically unstable and very reactive, an industrial low temperature deposition process was selected: the Cold Spray. In contrast with other thermal spray processes, it has the advantage of spraying unmelted particles through a supersonic gas jet. Biomimetic apatite coatings with physicochemical properties similar to the powders were obtained by Cold Spray. Preliminary tests of biocompatibility and adhesion were also carried out on these coatings : the Cold Spray process seems to be a promising method preserving the characteristics of biomimetic nanocrystalline apatites and offering the possibility to produce industrial coatings with a potential to improve implants osseointegration and resistance to infections
Albino, Marjorie. „Synthèse et caractérisation structurale et diélectrique de céramiques et de monocristaux relaxeurs de structure TTB“. Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00920357.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSavary, Etienne. „Apport du chauffage par micro-ondes à l’élaboration de matériaux fonctionnels“. Caen, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011CAEN2022.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe elaboration of functional materials generally requires implementing one or several thermal treatments. These are in most cases time and energy consuming. Their high environmental impact promotes the development of inherent “greener” technologies, such as microwaves heating. Therefore many studies are underway in laboratories so as to grasp more precisely the mechanisms involved during microwaves heating and to favour its transfer to an industrial scale. This thesis comes within this framework. First, an optical device for measuring in situ the dimensional variations of samples, during the microwaves process, has been developed and used to follow the shrinkage of various oxides during the sintering. A more fundamental work has been dedicated to the study of potential specific microwaves effects on the microstructure of ZnO-based varistors. Microstructural and electrical characterizations have shown that microwaves increase the densification and the kinetic of the phases’ reactivity. The interest of this process for the synthesis of intermetallics compounds has then been demonstrated. Mg2Si nanoparticles have been synthesized in very short times, opening a new route to the elaboration of nano-structured thermoelectric materials. Finally, a short study about the suitability of our microwave equipment to extreme conditions, required for the sintering of SiC, has been realized, leading to the installation of a vacuum system, allowing the control of the atmosphere during the process
Lévêque, Guillaume. „Matériau de type apatite pour pile à combustible : élaboration, caractérisations électrique et structurale, mise en forme“. Limoges, 2012. https://aurore.unilim.fr/theses/nxfile/default/635e1c5f-cf50-4f44-88fe-c41a8c231096/blobholder:0/2012LIMO4004.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis work is devoted to elaboration, structural study, shaping and ionic conductivity properties of oxyapatites of general formula La9. 33±x(SiO4)6O2±1. 5x for potential applications as electrolyte in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFCs). The physic, chemical and thermal behavior of La2O2CO3 reagent was first studied in order to further synthesize pure apatite powders with variable stoichiometry (0 < x < 0. 34) using a solid state route. The structural study of synthesized and referenced powders were performed. Dense ceramics (more than 99% of the theoretical value) were obtained by using natural sintering, after isostatic pressing. Their electrical properties confirmed the clear increase of the ionic conductivity values with the oxygen atoms excess in the apatite structure. The obtained values remain insufficient for the electrolyte application but remain promising because the apatite grains present values of 2. 55. 10-2 S/cm at 700°C. Shaping studies by tape casting allowed obtaining high density pellets (more than 99% of the theoretical value). An exploratory study by suspension plasma spraying brought to light the possibility to synthesize directly from the reactives layers of apatite materials
Vacassy, Robert. „Synthèse et caractérisations de membranes minérales de nanofiltration : Modélisations du transport de matière et de la perméabilité à l'eau“. Montpellier 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996MON20082.
Der volle Inhalt der QuellePlaneix, Jean-Marc. „Synthèse de précurseurs de carbure et de carbonitrure de silicium : étude de leur céramisation“. Montpellier 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992MON20089.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBugnet, Matthieu. „Synthèse, structure électronique et comportement sous irradiation aux ions de films minces de phases MAX“. Poitiers, 2011. http://theses.univ-poitiers.fr/23902/2011-Bugnet-Matthieu-These.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe aim of this work is to synthesize model materials (epitaxial thin films) of ternary ceramics called MAX phases, in order to study their behavior under ion irradiation. To follow the microstructural modifications induced by ion irradiation, we used electron energy loss spectroscopy and X-ray absorption spectroscopy in addition to X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy techniques. The growth of Cr2AlC and Cr2GeC epitaxial thin films was achieved by magnetron sputtering whereas the synthesis of textured Ti2AlN layers was obtained by high temperature plasma nitriding of multilayers with an average stœchiometry Ti2:Al1:N1. The electronic structure of unirradiated films of de Cr2AlC, Cr2GeC, Ti2AlC, Ti3AlC2 and Ti2AlN was then characterized. Experimental spectra were interpreted from ab initio simulations. This study shows that structural information may be obtained from fine structures of core electron excitation edges. After irradiation, the study of the C-K and Al-K near-edge fine structures in Ti3AIC2 evidences that Ti6C octahedra layers are very resistant to irradiation damage and on the contrary, aluminium layers are strongly disordered. A similar behavior is suggested for Ti2AlC, Ti2AlN and also partly for Cr2AlC. Though titanium based materials are still crystalline after irradiation at high fluence, chronium based compounds rapidly amorphize. It is evidenced that the initial crystalline structure is recovered after post-irradiation annealing
Duarte, William. „Composés de type La2Zr2O7 élaborés par projection plasma de solution et par chimie douce : application aux moteurs spatiaux“. Thesis, Limoges, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LIMO0083/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThese work deal with the conception of La2Zr2O7 coatings by Solution Precursor Plasma Spraying (SPPS) for thermal barrier application in space engine. Different precursors’ solutions of various solvents were prepared for powder synthesis and the realization of different coatings. Precursors and solvents have important effect on interactions in solution leading to the modification of powder properties, especially crystalline phases or densification. Similarly the diversity of studied solutions and the optimisation of thermal projection parameters allowed the elaboration of various coatings’ microstructures (dense, homogeneous porous and columnar). Columnar microstructure show better resistance to thermal cycling shock experiment than others coatings. It was also established a correlation between the SPPS coatings and powders structural data
Favarim, Higor. „Síntese, caracterizaçãi elétrica e estructural de cerâicas ferroelétricas de composição Ba0,90R0,10Ti1-xZrxO3 (R=Ca, Sr)“. Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00596848.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMilenkovic, Nenad. „Contribution to the development of an additive for bulk waterproofing of cement-based materials“. Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/262355.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDoctorat en Sciences de l'ingénieur et technologie
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Iakovleva, Anastasia. „Study of novel proton conductors for high temperature solid oxide cells“. Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015SACLC016/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe main objective of the present work was the systematic study of several groups of materials: Gd₃₋ₓMeₓGaO₆₋₅ (Me = Ca²+, Sr²+), Ba₂Nb₁₋ₓY₁₊ₓO₆₋₅, and BaZr₀.₈₅Y₀.₁₅O₃₋₅ (BZY15) as proton conductors. We developed a synthesis route for each group of materials such as sol-gel combustion method, freeze-drying synthesis and modified citrate-EDTA complexing method. Pure nanopowders and dense ceramics were obtained after these syntheses plus a classical sintering process. The structure and composition of the obtained products were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The temperature dependences of the conductivity were investigated by impedance spectroscopy as a function of pO₂ and pH₂O. For the family of Gd₃₋ₓMeₓGaO₆₋₅ (Me = Ca²+, Sr²+), we studied the influence of dopant nature and content on the structural and electrical properties. Results indicate that the substitution possible till 10 % of doping content. According to the SEM observations, the grain size is increased with increasing dopant content. Concerning electrical properties, we found an increase of conduction with increasing dopant content. All compounds present a good stability in humid, hydrogen and CO₂ containing atmosphere. In case of Ba₂Y₁₊ₓNb₁₋ₓO₆₋₅ materials, the physico-chemical properties of synthesized materials have been characterized by the XRD and SEM techniques. The average grain size increased significantly with increasing amount of Y³⁺. Conduction properties were slightly improved with the partial substitution of niobium by yttrium. The stability of Ba₂Y₁₊ₓNb₁₋ₓO₆₋₅ compounds was investigated under different atmospheres and conditions. The ionic conduction in this case is quite low, which has been explained by futher molecular dynamics simulations. Finally, we studied the influence of an ZnO and NiO additives on the sintering of BZY15, being these sintering aids used to lower the sintering temperature. Zinc oxide as a sintering aid lowers the sintering temperature by 300 °C and slightly increases the bulk and total conductivity of BZY15