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Saxton, Brandon T. „Perceived Burdensomeness: Exploring Potential Vulnerability Factors“. Diss., North Dakota State University, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/29895.
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Suicide affects hundreds of thousands of people around the world each year. Despite many coordinated efforts to address this problem, in multiple domains, these numbers have risen over the last decade. The Interpersonal Theory of Suicide is a relatively recent theory that has received considerable attention and investigation. Perceived burdensomeness is one of the constructs from this theory. The belief that you are a burden on others is a robust predictor of suicidal ideation and, to a less understood extent, suicidal behavior. To my knowledge, few studies have looked at the factors that lead to perceived burdensomeness. This study was conducted to begin to address this gap in the literature. Attributional style, hopelessness, socially-prescribed perfectionism, and self-esteem were identified as potential vulnerability factors for perceived burdensomeness. One hundred twenty individuals were surveyed about these constructs and perceived burdensomeness. Participants were also asked to read three vignettes based on interviews with individuals with lived experiences related to suicide attempts. Following each vignette, participants were asked to report the level of perceived burdensomeness that they anticipated that they would feel in that situation as an additional analogue measure of perceived burdensomeness. It was found that attributional style, socially-prescribed perfectionism, and self-esteem predicted current levels of perceived burdensomeness. Self-esteem was the only variable that predicted analogue levels of perceived burdensomeness, beyond current levels of depression. This exploratory study has the potential to contribute to the literature by guiding and informing future research related to better understanding or reducing perceived burdensomeness.
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To, Man-yan. „Potential oncogenic role of FOXGI in ovarian cancer“. Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2007. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/HKUTO/record/B39557856.
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Slind, Olsen Renate. „Circulating and genetic factors in colorectal cancer : Potential factors for establishing prognosis?“ Doctoral thesis, Linköpings universitet, Avdelningen för läkemedelsforskning, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-136841.
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Colorectal cancer (CRC) is defined as a cancer appearing in the colon or in the rectum. In Sweden, ~ 6300 individuals were diagnosed with the disease in 2014 and ~ 2550 individuals diagnosed with CRC die each year due to their cancer. Surgery is the main treatment option of CRC and a survival rate of ~ 10 % is estimated if distant metastases have developed. It is therefore of importance to find factors that may be useful together with tumour, node, metastasis (TNM) stage to establish early CRC diagnosis, prognosis and follow-up of CRC patients. The aim of this thesis was to study the possible association of CD93, PLA2G4C, PDGF-D and inflammatory cytokines with CRC disease progression. In a prospective study approach CD93 and PLA2G4C single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were of potential importance in CRC prognosis. The T/T genotype of CD93 was associated with an increased CD93 expression in CRC tissue. Further, CRC patients carrying this genotype were associated with disseminated CRC at diagnosis and a lower recurrence-free survival after surgery. The A allele of a SNP of PLA2G4C was a stronger predictor for CRC-specific mortality than the conventional risk factors used in the clinic for selection of TNM stage II patients for adjuvant treatment. This indicates that the T/T genotype of CD93 and the A allele of PLA2G4C may be potential genetic factors related to disease severity and spread. Furthermore, they distinguish CRC patients that may benefit from a more comprehensive follow-up and adjuvant treatment. To study the putative involvement of PDGF-D in CRC the effects of PDGF-D signalling was studied in vitro. PDGF-D signalling altered the expression of genes of importance in CRC carcinogenesis and proliferation which was blocked by imatinib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor. This indicates that PDGF-D signalling may be an important pathway in CRC progression and a potential target in CRC treatment. The analysis of various inflammatory cytokines in plasma at diagnosis showed an association between high levels and increased total- or CRC-specific mortality two years after surgery. High levels of CCL1 and CCL24 was the only cytokines strongly correlated with a worse CRC prognosis after statistical adjustments and may be of interest for further evaluation. In conclusion, this thesis presents circulating and genetic factors such as CD93, PLA2G4C, PDGF-D, CCL1 and CCL24 that may be of importance in CRC progression and may be of clinical value together with TNM stage in establishing prognosis.Kolorektal cancer är en tumör i kolon eller rektum. I Sverige diagnosticerades år 2014 ca6300 individer med denna cancertyp och ca 2550 personer dör årligen till följd av kolorektalcancer. Operation är det huvudsakliga behandlingsalternativet för kolorektal cancer och vidfjärrmetastaser är överlevnaden < 10 %. Det är därför viktigt att hitta markörer somtillsammans med TNM-stadium kan ge tidig information om sjukdomens prognos och lämpliguppföljning av patienter. Utveckling av kolorektal cancer sker genom ackumulering av genetiska mutationer ochepigenetisk nedreglering av tumörsuppressorgener. Därutöver spelar interaktionen mellantumören och dess närmaste omgivning, innehållande tillväxt- och inflammatoriska faktorer,en viktig roll i tumörens utveckling och metastasering. Syftet med avhandlingen var att studera associationen mellan CD93, PLA2G4C, PDGF-D samtinflammatoriska cytokiner och kolorektal cancer progression. En prospektiv studie visade att CD93 och PLA2G4C SNP var potentiellt viktiga förbedömningav kolorektal cancer prognos. T/T genotypen av SNP rs2749817 i CD93 var associerad medhögre uttryck av CD93 i kolorektal cancer vävnad, främst bland patienter i stadium IV.Därutöver observerades fler återfall efter operation hos patienter med T/T genotypen. Aallelen hos PLA2G4C SNP rs1549637 är en möjligtvis bättre markör för cancerspecifiköverlevnad vid stadium II än faktorer som idag används för att selektera patienter tilladjuvant behandling. Sammantaget antyder detta att T/T genotypen av CD93 och A allelenav PLA2G4C kan vara genetiska markörer relaterade till allvarlig tumörsjukdom ochspridning. Därutöver kan de eventuellt selektera patienter som kräver tätare uppföljning ochadjuvant behandling. För att studera den förmodade inblandningen av PDGF-D i kolorektal cancer undersöktesdess effekt på PDGF-D signalering in vitro. PDGF-D signaleringen förändradegenexpressionen av gener involverade i tumörutveckling och spridning, vilken kundeblockeras av tyrosinkinashämmaren imatinib. Det antyder att PDGF-D signalering kan vara enviktig faktor vid kolorektal cancer progression och ett potentiellt mål för behandling. Analysen av ett flertal inflammatoriska cytokiner visade en korrelation mellan högacytokinnivåer och ökad cancerspecifik och total dödlighet två år efter operation. Höga CCL1och CCL24 nivåer var de enda faktorerna som förblev signifikant associerade medcancerspecifik mortalitet vid fördjupad statistisk analys och bör studeras vidare. Sammanfattningsvis presenterar denna avhandling cirkulerande och genetiska faktorersåsom CD93, PLA2G4C, PDGF-D, CCL1 and CCL24 som eventuellt är viktiga vid bedömning avkolorektal cancer progression tillsammans med TNM stadium.
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Hilton, Kevin Huw. „A study of factors influencing personal innovative potential“. Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.368156.
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Li, Yu. „Antibiotic Resistance in Animals and Potential Contributing Factors“. The Ohio State University, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1503284618582952.
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Cozzani, María Rosa. „Un modelo explicativo de la migración desde las experiencias migratorias“. Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Centro de Investigación en Geografía Aplicada, 2014. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/119824.
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The Third Milleniun shows a world with a great population mobility where to some extendpeople try to hedge the great income disparities among regions. Migrations are a human pro- cess of socio-relational and multi-dimensional character, highly selective and differential that obligates at distinct levels of interaction degrees not only migrant individuals but also receptive societies that support the adaptation processes, which later may give birth to cultural hybrids very significant to the places. In this paper I analyze the condition factors of migration and their effects on the definition of migratory potential and decision to emigrate.El mundo del tercer milenio muestra una gran movilidad de población en donde en cierta formase tratan de cubrir las grandes disparidades de ingresos existentes entre regiones. Las migraciones son un proceso humano de carácter socio-relacional y multidimensional, altamente selectivo y diferencial que compromete en distintos tipos de grados de interacciones no solo a individuos migrantes sino también a las sociedades receptoras que sufren procesos de adaptación y resultan en mestizajes muy interesantes. En este artículo se analizan los factores condicionantes de la migración y sus efectos sobre la definición de la potencialidad migratoria y la decisión de emigrar.
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To, Man-yan, und 杜汶欣. „Potential oncogenic role of FOXGI in ovarian cancer“. Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2007. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B39557856.
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Vasi, József. „Characterization of two potential virulence factors in Streptococcus dysgalactiae /“. Uppsala : Swedish Univ. of Agricultural Sciences (Sveriges lantbruksuniv.), 2000. http://epsilon.slu.se/avh/2000/91-576-5758-0.pdf.
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SHANDERA, DANIELLE RENEE. „DISSOCIATIVE RESPONSES TO 9/11 AND POTENTIAL MODERATING FACTORS“. Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/192241.
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Hobson, Ruth M. „Central fatigue during exercise : potential manipulations and limiting factors“. Thesis, Loughborough University, 2010. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/6975.
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The development of fatigue has been an area of interest to athletes and scientists alike for many years. Often, particularly during prolonged exercise in the heat, there is no obvious peripheral reason for fatigue and the central nervous system is cited as the source. The mechanisms and potential manipulations of this fatigue remain largely unclear. Chapters Three and Four attempted to reduce the transport of the serotonin precursor tryptophan into the brain in order to reduce or delay serotonin synthesis and therefore increase exercise capacity. In Chapter Three branched-chain amino acid drinks were fed before and during prolonged cycling to exhaustion in the heat on two occasions and control drinks were fed on two other occasions. There was no effect of the branched-chain amino acids on exercise capacity and the intra-individual variability in seven of the eight participants was small. One participant did appear to cycle for longer on the branched-chain amino acid trials compared to the control trials. In Chapter Four a 104 g bolus of amino acids, designed to deplete plasma tryptophan concentration, was fed seven hours before a prolonged cycle to exhaustion in the heat. There was no difference in exercise capacity between the tryptophan depletion trial and the control trial in which tryptophan was also ingested. These findings suggest that the delivery of tryptophan to the central nervous system is not the only factor influencing the onset of fatigue. The investigation undertaken in Chapter Five looked at the serotonin transporter density on the blood platelets of current and retired international level athletes competing in either endurance or sprint running events and a sedentary control group. Using the platelet as an accessible and reliable model for the serotonergic neuron, the maximum number of binding sites was assessed using the radio-labelled serotonin reuptake inhibitor [3H]Paroxetine. Those currently training for endurance events had a greater number of binding sites than any of the other groups. This supports previous findings and suggests that endurance training can increase the number of serotonin transporters on blood platelet membranes. During resting heat exposure in Chapter Six, the application of a 1 % menthol solution to the skin of the forearms, back and forehead elicited a warming sensation in some individuals and a cooling sensation in other individuals, but never any change in skin or core temperature nor skin blood flow. A small proportion of individuals did not perceive any change in skin thermal sensation. Chapter Seven applied these findings to a pre-loaded twenty minute exercise performance test in the heat. It was hypothesised that those who perceived a warming effect may perform worse when a menthol solution was applied compared to a control solution and conversely, those who perceived a cooling sensation may perform better with a menthol solution than with a control solution. There was no difference in exercise performance between those who felt a warming sensation and those who felt a cooling sensation. Those who felt a warming sensation felt significantly warmer on the menthol trial than the control trial but this did not affect their performance. However, those who reported a cooling sensation tended to feel cooler on the menthol trial than the control trial, and there was a tendency for an improvement in performance on the menthol trial compared to the control trial. Due to the experimental protocols adopted in this thesis it was possible to assess the reliability of an exercise capacity test compared to an exercise performance test. Chapter Three showed a coefficient of variation of 11.0 ± 11.2 % and Chapter Four showed a 11.5 ± 12.4 % variability for exercise capacity tests. Chapter Seven showed a coefficient of variation in a pre-loaded time-trial exercise performance test of 3.9 ± 9.6 % suggesting that an exercise performance test may be more reliable than an exercise capacity test. However, the aims of an investigation are still likely to be the main factor influencing the choice of protocol. It seems likely that no single mechanism will be responsible for the cessation of exercise. The investigations undertaken in this thesis also highlight many avenues for future exploration.
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Belo, Angelica Chioma. „Influence of potential protective factors on gut mucosal integrity“. Thesis, Imperial College London, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.582628.
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Colostrum is the first milk produced after birth, is particularly rich in antibodies, antibacterial proteins and bioactive substances. Recent studies have suggested that colostrum might be useful in treating gut damage. The value of colostral preparations in patients taking long-term non -steroidal anti- inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) was examined by studying the influence of colostrum on dyspepsia symptoms, intestinal permeability and faecal calprotectin as markers of gut injury. ANOVA of symptom scores showed that both colostrum and milk groups had a small but significant (p
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Chan, Sin-yee Joanna, und 陳善怡. „The study of potential adhesion factors of penicillium marneffei“. Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2010. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B44524651.
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Grant, Kathleen Ann. „Genetics and biochemistry of potential virulence factors of Campylobacter“. Thesis, University of Reading, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.270422.
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Hendrick, Stefani P. „Potential Clients' View of Language in Therapy“. Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/32558.
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This study compares the counselor credibility of therapists who use problem-focused with those who use solution-focused language. Participants from two undergraduate classes at a southeastern state university were assigned to one of two eight-minute videotapes of a role-played family therapy session: problem-focused or solution-focused. This study is a posttest only quasi-experimental design. One group (N=35) viewed a videotape of a session that used solution-focused language. Another group (N=38) viewed a videotape of a session that used problem-focused language. The same therapist conducted both sessions and the same actors were used as the client couple. After viewing the videotape, participants rated the therapist's credibility (as measured by the Counselor Rating Form - Short Version), completed a Demographic Questionnaire and answered three open-ended questions. Two research questions were examined in this study: (1) Do potential clients perceive a therapist using solution-focused language as more attractive, experienced, trustworthy, and more credible than the same therapist using problem-focused language? (2) What other variables affect potential clients' view of the therapist? No significant differences in counselor credibility were found between the two groups. Three categories were discovered in the analysis of the open-ended questions: therapist characteristics, actions/skills of therapist, and other. When asked what they liked the most about the therapist, the majority of the participants' (86 percent) responses fell into the category of actions and skills of the therapist. When asked what they liked the least about the therapist, the majority of the participants' (64 percent) responses fell into the category of therapist characteristics.Master of Science
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Moksnes, Unni Karin. „Stress and health in adolescents:The role of potential protective factors“. Doctoral thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for sosialt arbeid og helsevitenskap, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-12416.
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Adolescence is a developmental period characterized by multiple changes in virtually every aspect of an individual’s life, calling for new psychological adaptations. Exposure to different stressors caused by these changes represents a central and normal part of the process of growth and development during adolescence. However, experience of cumulative and simultaneous negative stressors remains central as a potential threat to the well-being and healthy development during adolescence. Meanwhile, when faced with identical stressors, the stress process and the health outcomes of stress vary individually; the outcome depends on the role of different vulnerabilities and protective factors, in the individual as well as in the environment. The present thesis comprises an investigation of the role and nature of adolescent stressors and the association between stress and different health outcomes (emotional states, selfesteem and subjective health complaints). Gender and age differences on stress and the health outcome variables are also assessed. The thesis further considers the role of three potential protective factors with importance for stress and coping processes, as well as for health and well-being during adolescence; leisure time physical activity, self-esteem and sense of coherence (SOC). The factor structure and psychometric properties of the Norwegian version of the Adolescent Stress Questionnaire (ASQ-N), a questionnaire assessing stressors common in adolescence, are also investigated. The thesis is based on three cross-sectional samples of Norwegian adolescents 13-18 years, attending public elementary and secondary schools in rural and urban areas in the two counties of the middle part of Norway The findings support a reliable and valid nine-factor structure of the ASQ-N. Moreover, girls seem to report higher levels of stress, more emotional symptoms and subjective health complaints than boys, especially in the age group 15-16 years. Conversely boys score higher on self-esteem. Both total sum stress and domain specific stress, especially in interpersonal contexts, is related to more emotional problems, lower self-esteem and more subjective health complaints in both boys and girls. The thesis has also revealed the positive role of leisure time physical activity, sense of coherence and self-esteem, controlled for experience of stress, in association with adolescents’ health outcomes. Methodological, theoretical and practical implications of the results are discussed.Ungdomstiden er en utviklingsperiode i livet der den unge må tilpasse seg mange ulike forandringer, både fysiske, psykiske og sosiale. Å utsettes for ulike stressorer, forårsaket av disse store endringene, utgjør en sentral og normal del av vekst og utvikling hos ungdom. Imidlertid representerer opplevelse av mange negative og samtidige stressorer en potensiell trussel mot ungdoms helse og velvære. Når ungdom utsettes for samme type stressor, vil stressprosessen og utfallet av stresspåvirkningen for de unges helse, gi individuelle variasjoner. Resultatet av stressprosessen og stresspåvirkningen på helse vil være avhengig av ulike sårbarhets- og beskyttende faktorer, både i individet og i omgivelsene. Ph.d. avhandlingen omfatter en undersøkelse av hvilken rolle og betydning stressorer har i ungdoms hverdagsliv; hvordan stress er relatert til ungdoms psykiske helse, selvfølelse, og subjektive helseplager. Kjønns- og aldersforskjeller på stress og de ulike helsevariablene er også undersøkt. Avhandlingen vurderer betydningen av tre faktorer med potensiell betydning for prosesser knyttet til stress, mestring og helse hos ungdom; fysisk aktivitet i fritiden, selvfølelse og opplevelse av sammenheng. Ph.d. avhandlingen omfatter videre en undersøkelse av faktorstrukturen og de psykometriske egenskapene til den norske versjonen av The Adolescent Stress Questionnaire (ASQ-N), et spørreskjema som måler vanlig forekommende stressorer i ungdoms hverdagsliv. Avhandlingen baserer seg på tre tverrsnittsutvalg av ungdom i alderen 13-18 år og inkluderer ungdomsskoler og videregående skoler fra lands- og by områder i Trøndelag. Resultatene av valideringen av ASQ-N støtter en faktorstruktur bestående av ni pålitelige og gyldige stressdimensjoner. Jenter, spesielt i 15-16 årsalderen, rapporterer høyere stressnivå, så vel som mer emosjonelle og subjektive helseplager sammenlignet med gutter. Gutter derimot rapporterer i alle aldersklasser høyere grad av selvfølelse. Høyere skåre både på total sum stress og områdespesifikt stress, spesielt i mellommenneskelig kontekst, er funnet å være relatert til mer emosjonelle problemer, mer subjektive helseplager og lavere selvfølelse både hos gutter og jenter. Avhandlingen har videre avdekket at fysisk aktivitet, opplevelse av sammenheng og høy grad av selvfølelse har positiv betydning for ungdoms helse, kontrollert for opplevelse av stress. Metodologiske, teoretiske og praktiske implikasjoner av funnene er diskutert
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Chitray, Melanie. „Investigating potential factors affecting foot-and-mouth disease virus internalization“. Pretoria : [s.n.], 2008. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-02192009-165513/.
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Ralston, John Duncan 1959, und Peter G. 1966 Bier. „Emergence of the software phone : factors influencing its potential dominance“. Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/9510.
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Thesis (S.M.M.O.T.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, Management of Technology Program, 1998.Includes bibliographical references (p. 153-156).
With the recent proliferation of new wireless communication technologies in the U.S. and abroad, several competing air interfaces have emerged. This situation may soon be further complicated by compeuuon to influence upcoming international standards for 3rd-generation wireless communication systems capable of enabling global access to wireless multimedia services. For the wireless communications market, this heterogeneity poses problems for highly mobile users attempting to roam between different types of networks with phones that work over only one air interface. Brute force solutions have been introduced which combine two or more air interfaces in a single wireless communications appliance using traditional manufacturing approaches. An attractive alternative solution involves an emerging technology known as software-definable radio (SOR). This technology could enable the development of a new class of wireless information appliances, referred to here as "software phones", capable of working over any air interface. By migrating much of the radio functionality from hardware to software, such devices could switch between air interfaces and wireless applications/services much as a computer switches between applications programs. This thesis will assess the likelihood of emergence of a single dominant design standard for future generations of wireless communication systems, and the importance of software phone technologies as components of any such dominant design. The thesis is being sponsored by the Modular Multifunction Information Transfer System (MMITS) Forum, a wireless industry forum that is actively promoting software phone concepts. The analysis uses a variety of information sources and analytic techniques, and will also present a series of strategic recommendations to enhance the likelihood that software phone technologies will be included as critical components in any dominant wireless design standard.
by John D. Ralston and Peter G. Bier.
S.M.M.O.T.
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Houlihan, Diarmaid Dominic. „Growth factors direct mesenchymal stem cell fate and therapeutic potential“. Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2015. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/5551/.
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Murine mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) isolated by plastic adherence contain contaminating cells and have poor growth and differentiation. I report a detailed protocol outlining the steps to prospectively isolate a pure and potent MSC population from murine bone marrow based on their expression of stem cell antigen-1 (Sca-1) and platelet derived growth factor- alpha (PDGFRα) (PαS cells) using flow cytometry. PαS MSCs have augmented growth potential and robust tri-lineage differentiation compared to plastic adherent cells. They exert potent immunosuppressive effects on proliferating naive CD4+ T cells, which is mediated via the production of nitric oxide (NO). Nevertheless, prolonged culture results in cellular senescence, loss of adipogenic differentiation and reduced immunosuppressive properties. Addition of growth factors to standard media (SM) produced significant genotypic and phenotypic changes. Cells cultured in SM supplemented with basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and platelet derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB) were primed towards fat and cartilage, but had reduced immunosuppressive potential. In contrast, cells cultured with transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) had reduced tri-lineage potential but potent immunosuppressive properties that endured despite long term culture. I demonstrate using novel tissue engineering techniques that bFGF PαS MSCs generate substantial 3-D cartilage pellets. These data have implications for MSC therapy in humans.
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Chitray, Melanie. „Investigating potential factors affecting foot-and-mouth disease virus internalisation“. Diss., University of Pretoria, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/30391.
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Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a highly contagious disease caused by the FMD virus (FMDV) belonging to the Picornaviridae family. The virus affects cloven-hoofed animals and occurs as seven immunologically distinct serotypes where six of the seven serotypes occur in Africa. This fact, as well as the role of wildlife in virus maintenance, makes eradication and control of FMDV in Africa difficult. Thus, it is imperative to attain more information regarding the genetic diversity of FMD viruses prevalent on the African continent to further our knowledge of the virus as well as to enable better control strategies and the development of improved vaccines. Sufficient genetic information regarding the Leader (L) and complete capsid-coding, P1, region of serotype A and O viruses prevalent on the African continent is lacking, although the SAT isolates have been extensively characterised in the past. In this study the sequence of the L/P1-coding region was successfully determined using a genome-walking approach for a small number of A and O viruses recovered from outbreaks isolated from various species in East and West Africa over the last 33 years. Phylogenetic analysis of the P1 and capsid-coding regions 1A, 1B, 1C and 1D revealed that the African isolates grouped strictly according to serotype and geographic region which indicated the possibility of transboundary spread of the virus within East and West African countries respectively. In contrast, phylogenetic analysis of the non-structural, Lpro-coding region revealed a different tree topology compared to the capsid-coding regions for the A and O isolates with sub-grouping according to serotype and geographic regions was less apparent. The relatedness between the serotype A and O L region might be the result of genetic recombination. The inter and intratypic nucleotide and amino acid variation of the A and O isolates revealed that the most variable capsid-coding region was the externally located VP1 whilst the internally located VP4 capsid protein was the most conserved. The observed variation is in agreement with other studies and reflects the selective pressures on these proteins which either allow or prevent the occurrence of genetic changes for structural constraints or immune escape. Surprisingly, the L protease-encoding region also displayed a high degree of variation. A detailed analysis of the L/P1 amino acid alignment of the A and O isolates revealed that although the extent of variation is high in these regions, the amino acids identified in previous studies as important for FMDV structure (for the capsid-coding regions) and function were found to be conserved, indicating that the virus has adapted itself to elude the host immune response without affecting its vital functional and structural abilities. Additionally, it was observed that the amino acid residues identified as being important for FMDV attaching to the host cell receptors e.g. the RGD amino acid motif of VP1 was highly conserved for all isolates. To further investigate the FMDV-receptor interaction, RT-PCRs were developed to examine the mRNA expression level of the known FMDV receptors. The â integrins that facilitate FMDV cell entry i.e. â1, â3, â6, â8 and heparan sulphate proteoglycans (HSPG) were investigated in susceptible cell lines used for FMDV vaccine production i.e. IB-RS-2 and BHK-21. The RT-PCRs were successfully developed and optimised. The results showed that the mRNA expression levels were variable for all receptor cDNAs tested across 36 passage levels of IB-RS-2 and BHK-21 cells. No distinct differences in virus susceptibility for three FMDV strains with continuous cell passage of IB-RS-2 and BHK-21 cells at passage levels 5, 21 and 36 could be found. The information gained from this study regarding the viral L and P1 region genetic diversity, and phylogenetic analysis has indeed impacted on our understanding of FMDV African viruses. Additionally, the investigation of the FMDV receptor mRNA expression levels and virus susceptibility on two cell lines with continuous cell passage has proved a vital starting point to determine the possible receptors expressed on the surface of cells used by the vaccine production division at the ARC-OVI-TADP and forms the basis for further investigations of the FMDV receptors on the protein level and the development of a real-time RT-PCR for FMDV receptor expression.Dissertation (Msc)--University of Pretoria, 2008.
Veterinary Tropical Diseases
unrestricted
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Finamore, Terri L. „An investigation of potential risk factors related to stress psychopathology“. Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1289166503.
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McCord, Kara E. „Factors Influencing Career Advancement Potential for Mothers in the Workplace“. Xavier University / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=xavier1534413635130894.
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Jones, Tucker L. „Factors associated with responses to potential rejection by specific others“. Thesis, Kansas State University, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/38624.
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Master of ScienceDepartment of Psychological Sciences
Mark A. Barnett
The present study is an extension of our prior work (Jones et al., 2016) and explored two specific goals. The primary goal examined the predictive ability of target-specific, rejection-relevant individual difference measures on participants’ anticipated emotional and behavioral responses to ambiguous social situations involving specific potential rejectors (i.e., significant others, friends, acquaintances). The secondary goal explored differences in participants’ anticipated emotional and behavioral responses to perceived rejection by the same potential rejectors. Concerning the primary goal, correlations revealed that previous experience with and/or sensitivity to being rejected by any individual is associated with heightened anticipated emotional responses which, in turn, is associated with different anticipated behavioral responses. However, path analyses revealed that the target-specific, rejection-relevant individual difference variables used in the current study were uniquely predictive of participants’ anticipated responses to ambiguous social situations involving similar potential rejectors, but only for those who read about potentially being rejected by a friend (results of the path analyses for those who read about potential rejection by significant others or acquaintances were uninterpretable). Concerning the secondary goal, analyses revealed that the intensity of the emotional responses as well as the type of behavioral response were dependent on the role of the potential rejector. Taken together, the present findings provide insight into the individual differences associated with our tendency to feel and behave as if we have been rejected within ambiguous social situations and help to shed additional light on the dyadic nature of interpersonal rejection.
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Wong, Andrew P. „REGENERATIVE POTENTIAL OF MESENCHYMAL STEM CELL DERIVED EXOSOMES“. VCU Scholars Compass, 2019. https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/5856.
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Bone defects are a pervasive complication arising from many clinical conditions, both mechanical and pathological. Current treatments for large bony defects focus on applying bone grafts or synthetic materials to the defect area. Cell-based—and especially stem-cell—therapies have advanced greatly thanks to increasing attention focused on their ability to generate new tissues in situ with biomechanical properties approaching that of native tissue, but they suffer from their own shortcomings as well. Exosomes have been shown to play critical roles in cell-signaling and tissue regeneration and are therefore potentially ideal therapeutic vehicles for treating bone defects. Exosomes are small microvesicles counted amongst stem cells’ paracrine factors capable of delivering nucleic acid and enzymatic protein cargoes in a targeted 2 manner. Our previous studies have shown that hMSC-Exosomes are both proliferative and chemotactic, inhibit inflammatory cytokine production, and suppress osteoclast differentiation. Our long term goal is to develop hMSC-Exosome as a clinical therapy for bone regeneration. The objectives of this study were to determine the ability of hMSC-Exosome to enhance bone healing in a rat calvarial defect model, and to further investigate the integrity of the exosome under certain storage conditions. The specific aims of this study were: 1) To determine the osteogenic potential of hMSC-Exosomes in rat calvarial defects, and 2) To determine the impact of variable storage conditions on the integrity of exosomes. To investigate in vivo regenerative potential, rats with surgically-created craniotomy defects were treated with hMSC-Exosome suspension via a collagen gel matrix. After 4 weeks, the calvaria were harvested and analyzed via micro-CT. Volumetric micro-CT analysis showed that hMSC-Exosome could significantly enhance center healing, structural integrity, and growth uniformity in a calvarial defect model. Western blot and TEM showed thorough destruction of surface protein markers and decreased membrane integrity in lyophilized exosome fraction; moderate progressive surface protein marker loss and aggregation were observed with increasing freeze-thaw cycles. In summary, hMSC-Exosome is a promising therapeutic for treatment of bone defects.
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Campbell, Tavis S. „Decreased pain perception and risk for hypertension : prospective findings and potential mechanisms“. Thesis, McGill University, 2002. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=82837.
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A growing literature has reported a significant reduction in pain sensitivity among hypertensioe animals and humans. One of the key questions about this finding is whether a reduced sensitivity to pain can be observed in normotensive individuals who go on to develop high blood pressure. Blood pressure was re-assessed in one hundred and fifteen 19 year-old boys initially tested at age 14, when they were also presented with a pain stimulus (mechanical finger pressure). Analyses indicated that information regarding pain sensitivity improved prediction of changes in blood pressure beyond that afforded by differences in blood pressure at age 14, parental history of hypertension, and body mass index. Similar results were found in comparable analyses predicting 24-hour blood pressure recorded in one hundred and seventeen of the young men at age 22. Significant associations were also observed between pain sensitivity in 14 year-olds and 24-hour heart rate variability in various frequency bands at age 22, suggesting increased sympathetic and reduced parasympathetic tone among individuals less sensitive to pain. In order to further assess the relationship between autonomic function and pain sensitivity, one hundred and sixteen adolescent boys were assessed for pain sensitivity and autonomic responses to orthostatic challenge. Analyses indicated that exaggerated autonomic responses to postural change were associated with reduced pain sensitivity. Finally, to examine the potential role of endogenous opioids in blood pressure-related hypoalgesia, a group of young normotensive men were administered low-frequency transcutaneous electrical nerve 5 stimulation (TENS), which has been demonstrated to elicit endogenous opioid release, prior to being presented with two painful stimuli (electric shock and arm ischemia). A negative association between pain and resting blood pressure was significantly strengthened by administration of low-frequency TENS. The resu
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Eisenbrandt, Lydia L., Alyssa P. Gretak, Brittany S. Sharma und Jill D. Stinson. „Externalizing Disorders as a Potential Risk Factor for Adolescent Males“. Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2019. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/7883.
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Externalizing disorders, as described by DSM-V (2013), are an empirically supported group of mental health conditions characterized by impulsiveness, antisocial behaviors, and disruptive conduct. These include Conduct Disorder (CD), Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD), Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), and Impulse Control Disorders (ICDs). Symptoms often emerge during childhood or adolescence, when brain development is still ongoing. A prematurely-developed prefrontal cortex, paired with reward-seeking and emotional responses in youth, can contribute to impulsive behaviors and limited ability to predict the consequences of one’s actions (Casey, Jones, & Hare, 2008). Compared to females, males tend to be diagnosed with higher rates of externalizing disorders (Kerr, Reinke, & Eddy, 2013), which may place them at higher risk for engaging in risky and/or harmful behaviors.
Research indicates that youth with externalizing disorders engage in a number of risky/harmful behaviors that could have negative consequences. A meta-analysis by Allely (2014) suggests that certain externalizing disorders, such as ADHD, may be a risk factor for self-harm behaviors in child, adolescent, and adult populations. Further, those with externalizing disorders in late childhood tend to have co-morbid depression and are more prone to suicidal ideation and suicide attempts during late adolescence and early adulthood (Kerr, Reinke, & Eddy, 2013). Others have also found a strong connection between externalizing disorders and suicidal behaviors among youth (Beautrais, 2000; Goldston et al., 1998; Hills, Cox, McWilliams, & Sareen, 2005; Verona & colleagues, 2000; 2001; 2004).
Moreover, externalizing disorders, such as ADHD or CD, are correlated with sexual offending behaviors, which may be a result of sexual disinhibition (Kafka, 2012). While diverse, persons who have engaged in sexually abusive behavior often evidence antisocial behaviors and diagnoses of ADHD and CD (Prendergast, 2004; Shields, 1995). Grant et al. (2009) additionally indicated that the presence of trauma may also contribute to behavioral problems that resemble externalizing disorders.
The current study aims to investigate male adolescents with and without externalizing disorders (i.e., ADHD, ODD, CD, and ICDs) by investigating a sample of youth in a residential treatment facility for sexually abusive behaviors (N = 295). Data related to adolescents’ self-harm behaviors, suicidal ideation and/or attempts, sexual offending behaviors, arrest histories, and diagnostic mental health histories were gathered from archival records. Within the sample, 234 participants were diagnosed with at least one externalizing disorder, including ADHD (n = 209), ODD (n = 91), CD (n = 102), and ICDs (n = 50). Chi-square analyses and one-way ANOVAs will be conducted to explore relationships among externalizing disorders, presence and frequency of self-harm behaviors and/or suicide attempts, frequency and types of sexual offenses committed, and frequency and types of arrest. Presence of PTSD diagnoses and Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE) will also be taken into consideration, as previous literature suggests that early sexual, physical, and emotional trauma may also contribute to behavioral problems and sexual offending behaviors in adolescents (Grant et al., 2009).
The goal of the current study is to fill gaps within the literature by identifying areas of concern among adolescents with externalizing disorders. The findings from the current study will be discussed in terms of clinical implications regarding risk reduction, prevention, and treatment.
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Axmann, Ilka Maria. „The regulatory potential of marine cyanobacteria transcriptional factors and small RNAs /“. [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2006. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=983792801.
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Cheng, Hsiu-Lan. „Body image dissatisfaction of college women potential risk and protective factors /“. Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/4493.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2006.The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file viewed on (April 25, 2006) Vita. Includes bibliographical references.
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Ogunwobi, Olorunseun Olatunji. „Aetiological factors and potential drug targets in colonic and oesophageal adenocarcinoma“. Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.435983.
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Tarver-Carr, Michelle E. „Excess morbidity and mortality in African-American adults potential explanatory factors /“. Available to US Hopkins community, 2002. http://wwwlib.umi.com/dissertations/dlnow/3046394.
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Rehm, Jürgen, Peter Anderson, Joe Barry, Plamen Dimitrov, Zsuzsanna Elekes, Fernanda Feijão, Ulrich Frick et al. „Prevalence of and Potential Influencing Factors for Alcohol Dependence in Europe“. Karger, 2014. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A71615.
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Alcohol use disorders (AUDs), and alcohol dependence (AD) in particular, are prevalent and associated with a large burden of disability and mortality. The aim of this study was to estimate prevalence of AD in the European Union (EU), Iceland, Norway, and Switzerland for the year 2010, and to investigate potential influencing factors. The 1-year prevalence of AD in the EU was estimated at 3.4% among people 18–64 years of age in Europe (women 1.7%, men 5.2%), resulting in close to 11 million affected people. Taking into account all people of all ages, AD, abuse and harmful use resulted in an estimate of 23 million affected people. Prevalence of AD varied widely between European countries, and was significantly impacted by drinking cultures and social norms. Correlations with level of drinking and other drinking variables and with major known outcomes of heavy drinking, such as liver cirrhosis or injury, were moderate. These results suggest a need to rethink the definition of AUDs.
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Gillespie, Lisa N. „Survival and regeneration in the deaf ear : the potential of neurotrophic factors /“. Connect to thesis, 2004. http://repository.unimelb.edu.au/10187/1054.
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Spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs) within the cochlea degenerate following the loss of the auditory sensory epithelium, the auditory hair cells. Since these neurons are the target cells of the cochlear implant, which bypasses damaged or lost hair cells to stimulate the SGNs directly, enhanced SGN number and integrity may provide enhanced outcomes for cochlear implant patients. Improved contact between the cochlear implant electrode array and the auditory nerve fibres is also likely to enhance the benefits received by cochlear implant patients. Therefore, the identification of molecules with the capacity to support SGN survival and stimulate axonal growth has significant clinical implications. Based on their roles in the development and maintenance of the auditory system, some neurotrophic factors are expected to play an important role in enhancing the survival of auditory elements following deafening. This thesis investigates various molecules for their capacity to stimulate and guide the growth of SGN axons, and also investigates the survival-promoting effects of specific neurotrophic factors on SGN survival in clinically relevant animal models of deafness. Two neurotrophic factors were identified specifically to stimulate axonal growth from SGNs in an in vitro model of deafness.
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Liu, Tingting. „Thyroid transcription factor 1 gene(TITF1) a potential heritable determinant of papillary thyroid carcinoma(PTC) /“. Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2007. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B39793898.
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Mak, Chi-yan Angel, und 麥志昕. „Bioinformatic and functional approaches to identify potential SOX9 target genes in inner ear development“. Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/193405.
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Huew, Rasmia. „Dental erosion in Libyan schoolchildren and its association with potential risk factors“. Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/959.
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Dental erosion appears to be affecting a growing number of children but there are no data on its prevalence and severity in children or adults in Libya. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of dental erosion in Libyan schoolchildren, compare with other countries and to test its association with potential risk factors and dental caries. A crosssectional observational study was carried out in Benghazi, Libya. Ethical approval and permissions were secured from local authorities and written consents obtained from parents/guardians and children. Cluster sampling within schools provided a random sample of 791 12 year-old schoolchildren, mean age 11.7 (SD± 0.31) years (397 boys and 394 girls) attending 36 elementary schools in 15 different districts in Benghazi. This index assesses the area and depth of dental erosion affecting the labial and palatal surfaces of upper permanent incisors and occlusal surfaces of the first permanent molars. Dental caries was assessed using the DMFT and DMFS indices and WHO (1997) criteria. The reproducibility of the study was assessed through the re-examination of 10% of the sample. Associations between dental erosion and caries and the variables under study were investigated through processes of bivariate and multivariate analysis. The statistical significance level was set at 5%. Dental erosion was observed in 40.8% of subjects; erosion into enamel affecting 32.5%, into dentine affecting 8% and into pulp affecting 0.3% of subjects. The prevalence of dental caries was 57.8%. The mean DMFT and DMFS indices were 1.68 (SD± 1.86) and 2.39 (SD± 3.05) for all subjects and 2.90 (SD± 1.56) and 4.14 (SD± 2.97) for subjects with caries experience. Dental erosion was not statistically significantly associated with dental caries. Analysis of the questionnaire survey showed statistically significantly positive associations between the experience of dental erosion and frequency of consumption of fruit-based sugared drinks (p= 0.006) and time taken to consume drinks (p= 0.005) and a statistically significantly negative association between dental erosion and frequency of consumption of tea with milk (p= 0.032). There was a statistically significantly positive association between experience of dental caries and frequency of consumption of fruit-based sugared drinks (p= 0.002) and a statistically significantly negative association between dental caries and the level of fathers’ education (p= 0.015). No statistically significant associations were found between dental erosion or caries and any dietary variable measured through the food diaries with interviews. It is concluded that, the prevalence and severity of dental erosion in 12 year-old children in Benghazi, Libya was in agreement with data reported for the prevalence and severity of dental erosion in European children. The consumption of fruit-based sugared drinks represented the most important risk factor for dental erosion and caries in this sample of Libyan schoolchildren.
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Westermann, Christina [Verfasser]. „Analysis of potential host-colonization factors in Bifidobacterium bifidum S17 / Christina Westermann“. Ulm : Universität Ulm. Fakultät für Naturwissenschaften, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1078674221/34.
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Glister, Claire. „In vitro studies of potential modulatory factors involved in bovine follicular development“. Thesis, University of Reading, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.369759.
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Walters, Ester Harriette. „The myogenic regulatory factors : their potential roles in pre and postnatal muscle“. Thesis, Royal Veterinary College (University of London), 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.313532.
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Hoyle, Edward R. „Factors affecting the performance of alkyl polyglucosides as potential adjuvants for agrochemicals“. Thesis, University of Bristol, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.264106.
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Boissonnet, Germain. „Factors influencing the thermal insulation potential of different thermal barrier coating systems“. Thesis, La Rochelle, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LAROS007.
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Dans les turbines à gaz aéronautiques, les matériaux employés dans les parties les plus chaudes sont soumis à des environnements chimiques extrêmes, sous fortes pressions et températures. Ainsi, des systèmes de revêtement « barrière thermique, BT » sont appliqués sur les substrats en superalliage à base nickel. Ces systèmes multicouches (zircone stabilisée à l’yttrine (YSZ) /couche de liaison en MCrAl ou NiPtAl/substrat refroidi) permettent d’abaisser la température à la surface des pièces, conduisant à un comportement thermomécanique adéquat et à une diminution des vitesses d’oxydation/corrosion. Cependant, l’augmentation nécessaire de la température des gaz d’entrée de turbine (augmentation du rendement moteur) entraîne de nouveaux phénomènes de dégradation (CMAS) et une perte d’efficacité des revêtements BT actuels. Par ailleurs, l’évaluation de la durée de vie des revêtements BT s’avère cruciale pour déterminer celle des moteurs. Comprendre l’évolution du pouvoir isolant des revêtements BT en environnement agressif constitue donc un enjeu essentiel du point de vue scientifique et technologique. A partir des revêtements couramment employés (YSZ) déposés par projection plasma (PS) ou en phase vapeur (EB-PVD), la présente étude a visé à mieux comprendre l’effet de l’évolution des propriétés microstructurales et chimiques des revêtements sur leur pouvoir isolant, dans le but de développer des outils nécessaires à la mise au point des revêtements du futur. De plus, une partie des travaux menés a porté sur une solution alternative plus économique et écologique d’élaboration de revêtements BT, fondée sur un procédé par voie barbotine, permettant in fine d’obtenir une barrière constituée de microsphères creuses d’alumine. Ce travail a permis de montrer que l’évolution par frittage des phases céramiques en YSZ, les changements de phase cristalline, les réactions avec les CMAS et la croissance d’oxydes thermiques modifient la diffusivité thermique. En revanche, celle-ci évolue moins avec la température puisque les revêtements en alumine issus de barbotines se sont avérés plus stables et ce, notamment, lorsque leur élaboration a été réalisée sous atmosphères hybrides (mélanges Ar/air)In aeronautical gas turbine engines, the metallic materials employed in the hottest sections are subject to very harsh chemical environments at high pressures and temperatures. Therefore, thermal barrier coating systems (TBCs) are applied onto nickel-based superalloy substrates. These multi-layered systems (ceramic yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) / MCrAl or NiPtAl bond coats / cooled substrate) lower the temperature at the components surface, which ensures an adequate thermomechanical behaviour and reduces the oxidation/corrosion rates. However, the increase of the turbine inlet temperature (increased engine performance) brings about new degradation phenomena (e.g. CMAS) and loss of efficiency of the current TBCs. Therefore, understanding the evolution of the insulation ability of TBCs in such harsh environments is key from both the scientific and technological perspectives to estimate the lifetime of these coatings, hence that of the engines. Based on current plasma-sprayed (PS) and electron-beam physical vapour deposited (EB-PVD) YSZ coatings, this thesis seeks to provide a better comprehension on the relationships between the intrinsic properties of the current TBCs and their thermal insulation capacity as a basis for the development of future coatings. Also, this work studies an alternative solution to create a TBC made of hollow alumina microspheres by the slurry route. We will show that the sintering of the YSZ, the evolution of crystal phases, the reactions between YSZ and CMAS and the growth of thermal oxides alter the thermal diffusivity to different extents. In contrast, the evolution of the thermal diffusivity with temperature is less marked with the slurry alumina coatings, which appear more stable when hybrid Ar/air annealing atmospheres are employed upon their synthesis
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Tuttle, Meredith. „The Convergence of Environmental Influences as Potential Precipitating Factors of AML-M2“. Youngstown State University / OhioLINK, 2000. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ysu1001949080.
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Stark, Lisa Gail. „An investigation of potential novel predictive factors for graft-versus-host disease“. Thesis, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.401301.
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Waller, LaChelle Monique. „Transcriptional profiling of potential regulatory factors modulating defense mechanisms in soybean during Phytophthora sojae infection“. Diss., Virginia Tech, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/27541.
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Quantitative resistance is controlled by multiple genes and has been shown to be a durable form of resistance to pathogens affecting cultivated crops including soybeans (Glycine max L. Merr). Root rot of soybean caused by Phytophthora sojae ranks among the most damaging soybean diseases. Quantitative resistance has proven durable in soybean against P. sojae, however the molecular mechanisms underlying this form of resistance are still unknown. The objective of this project is to gain insight into molecular basis of quantitative resistance in the soybean-P. sojae pathosystem. The approach was to use global transcriptional profiling based on microarray technology to identify genes that were differentially expressed in four cultivars of soybeans with varying levels of quantitative resistance at different time points during infection by P. sojae. Our results provide a better understanding of the potential regulatory factors that may contribute to quantitative resistance during early hours of P. sojae infection.Ph. D.
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Ward, Rachelle Maree. „Potential impact of temperature and carbon dioxide levels on rice quality“. University of Sydney, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/2209.
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Doctor of PhilosophyA rice grain is composed of 90% starch, and amylose contributes to up 30% of the starch with the remainder as amylopectin. The structure of starch largely defines the quality of rice, yet the methods to characterise starch have not been reviewed recently. This thesis begins by using the simplest form of starch, debranched amylopectin, to detail and apply the principles of molecular weight theory using Size Exclusion Chromatography (SEC) to illustrate that without correct calibration the molecular weight distribution of starch has been underestimated. In contrast to amylopectin, amylose is difficult to isolate from flour without causing irrevocable damage, is unstable in an aqueous system and is believed to be impossible to debranch with isoamylase. Here an amylose-rich fraction was extracted directly from flour using hot water to avoid the structural–damaging isolation techniques used previously. The ability of isoamylase to debranch the amylose was shown through traditional methods of controlled enzyme degradation of the starch, ensuring that association of chains did not hinder access to the enzyme activation site, and through the contrast of 1H NMR spectra before and after the debranching event. Further, it was shown that 20% of carbohydrate was not recoverable from the SEC, and the unrecoverable carbohydrate is likely to be of high molecular weight and with long chains. High temperatures during the grain filling period are known to impede on the rice quality of one classification of non-waxy varieties. That hypothesis was rigorously examined by growing rice from a wide genetic background in three temperature regimes, followed by analysis of amylose at a functional, structural and synthesis level. From that phenotypic data, the rice varieties could be divided into three distinct groups – two of poorer quality in an increasingly warmer climate. Candidate single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been identified, and a mechanism proposed, to explain the phenotypes. Linking a phenotype to a SNP allows the opportunity for wide scale screening of varieties to predict the quality of rice in an increasing warmer environment. Rice quality has the potential to change with elevated carbon dioxide levels, both alone and with increased temperature. Here, the quality traits of varieties grown in four combinations of temperature and carbon dioxide levels were assessed. The negative impact of temperature on grain quality was unable to be overcome by an increase in carbon dioxide in all but one quality. Chalk is the undesirable opaque belly of a grain that defines the market price of the grain. In elevated carbon dioxide, the proportion of grains containing a high amount of chalk per grain which will increase the market value of the grain and may help to alleviate the burden of climate change on rice farmers.
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Shealy, Linda. „Building an Early Warning System to Identify Potential High School Dropouts“. Diss., The University of Arizona, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/145278.
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Over one million high school students drop out of school each year in this country. Dropping out of school is a serious problem for the student, community, and the nation. Often dropouts are unable to compete in an increasingly technological society and face numerous consequences from their decision to leave school early including higher levels of poverty, unemployment, public assistance, incarceration, and poor health. Dropping out is a gradual process of school disengagement and related to individual, family, and school factors. In the past, it has been difficult to track individual student's progress through school and to determine accurate dropout and graduation rates. In 2005, the National Governors Association made a commitment to implement a uniform method to calculate and report graduates and dropouts as well as better data collections systems.This study intended to replicate aspects of other major studies around the county to determine the best early predictors of dropping out of school in this large school district in southern Arizona and use this information to build an early warning system. Student data were obtained from the district's Research and Accountability office for a cohort of students (n=6751) who began the ninth grade in fall 2006 and graduated or should have graduated in 2010. Data collected included general demographic information, academic data, number of schools attended, and school withdrawal codes.The intent of this research was to determine if there were statistically significant differences between dropouts and graduates in the variables collected and which variables yielded the highest effect sizes and should be included in the district's early warning system.Two analyses were used to determine significance differences between dropouts and graduates. Then four analyses were performed to determine the highest-yield variables for this district. Consistent with recent research in the field, the variables of ninth grade attendance, ninth grade English and Math grades, and GPA were the strongest predictors of student dropouts.Local educators can use this early warning information to help identify potential high school dropouts as early as possible and intervene more efficiently and effectively with these students.
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Walsh, Elaine. „Suicide-risk behaviors and drug involvement among potential high school dropouts /“. Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/7200.
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Clippert, Courtney A. „Potential Factors That Influence Team Identification: A Desire to be Similar or Different?“ TopSCHOLAR®, 2010. http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/148.
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The purpose of the current study is to determine whether eliciting the need for assimilation or the need for differentiation influences individuals’ identification with a given team. Team identification is defined as a fan’s psychological connection to a team; that is, the extent to which the fan views the team as an extension of him or herself (Wann, Melnick, Russell, & Pease, 2001). It is important to understand potential factors that may motivate and potentially increase one’s identification with a particular team.
The sample consisted of 106 participants attending Western Kentucky University. The participants completed the Sport Fandom Questionnaire (SFQ) and the Need for Affiliation (nAff) scale. Participants were presented with one of three randomly assigned scenarios, and were asked to transcribe two memories, dependent upon the previously assigned scenario. Following this, the gambling scenario was described. Participants rated how identified they were with both the underdog and favored team, regardless of their choice. It was hypothesized that those who are primed to experience the feelings of assimilation will wager more money on and be more highly identified with a team that is a prohibitive favorite. Also, it was hypothesized that those who are primed to experience the feelings of differentiation will wager more money on and be more highly identified with a team that is a large underdog.
Results indicated that the hypotheses were not supported; however, significance was approached, as participants who were primed for feelings of differentiation tended to choose the underdog football team. Regardless of condition, participants tended to wager more money on the favorite football team, as opposed to the underdog football team.
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Colvin, Renyea. „Investigating Potential Risk Factors of Childhood Asthma Re-Hospitalizations in DeKalb County, Georgia“. Digital Archive @ GSU, 2008. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/iph_theses/34.
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Asthma is a leading cause of hospitalizations among children in the United States. It accounts for millions of dollars in hospital charges at the national, state, and county levels. The prevention of these hospitalizations is an important public health issue given the financial costs of hospitalizations in an already overburdened healthcare system. This study addresses sociodemographic factors associated with hospitalizations for childhood asthma among children who reside in DeKalb County, Georgia. Results highlight the unequal burden of asthma in the southern portion of the county. Additional analysis suggests that changes to existing institution-level surveillance systems can be made to improve upon the quality of data available to researchers. This research calls for a state-wide asthma surveillance system that routinely collects information on the most common indicators of disease burden, thereby improving the ability of public health professionals to accurately determine and manage the needs of children with asthma.
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O'Meara, Sandra C. „Potential Factors of Influence on Local Wellness Policies of Georgia Public School Systems“. Digital Archive @ GSU, 2008. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/iph_theses/33.
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Background: This study analyzes local wellness policies of 176 Georgia public school systems. The purpose of the study was to analyze potential relationships between demographic characteristics of Georgia school systems and compliance with the Child Nutrition and WIC Reauthorization Act of 2004, as well as the strength of wellness policy goals in the areas of nutrition, physical activity, and other school-based activities. Methods: Demographic data from the Georgia Department of Education were used as independent variables. Compliance ratings and the strength of wellness policy goals were derived from an evaluation tool developed by a research team at Georgia State University’s Institute of Public Health as part of a project contracted by the Georgia Department of Education. Analysis was conducted using Pearson’s correlation (two-tailed), crosstabulation, and linear regression. Results: Statistically significant positive associations were found between academic performance and strength of overall wellness policy goals (p < .05), as well as goals in the areas of nutrition education and other school-based activities (p < .01). Economic status of the student population was found to be positively associated with the strength of nutrition education goals (p < .05). No statistically significant associations were identified between demographic characteristics of school systems and physical activity goals. No associations were identified between involving community stakeholders in wellness policy development and having more comprehensive wellness policy goals. Conclusions: This study found statistically significant evidence of districts with stronger academic performance having more comprehensive overall wellness policy goals and stronger goals specifically in the areas of nutrition education and other school-based activities goals. Findings should assist the Georgia Department of Education in allocating its limited resources to help school systems improve wellness in public schools throughout Georgia. Recommendations are made to strengthen federal and state policy regarding school wellness, to conduct more research regarding the influence of community involvement on school wellness, and to provide guidance to local school systems having less resources and lower student academic performance in order to ensure health disparities are not further exacerbated.
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Vilor, Tejedor Natàlia 1988. „Analytical strategies in imaging genetics : assessment of potential risk factors for neurodevelopmental domains“. Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/663914.
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Imaging Genetics (IG) aims to test how genetic information influences brain structure and function, cognitive processes and complex neurodevelopmental domains, combining magnetic resonance imaging-based brain features and genetic data from the same individual. IG studies represent an opportunity to deepen our knowledge of the biological mechanisms of neurodevelopmental domains and complex brain disorders.
Most studies focus on individual correlation and association tests between a subset of genetic variants (usually single nucleotide polymorphisms, SNPs) and a single measurement of the brain. Despite the great success of univariate approaches, given the current focus of imaging genetic studies in which genome-wide, whole-brain studies should be analyzed, the development of novel statistical methods becomes crucial.
The main aim of this thesis consists of investigating genetic determinants of structural brain change, which in turn affect neurodevelopmental domains. We propose the application and development of statistical strategies to improve the assessment of significant relationships associated with neurodevelopmental domains. Specifically, we focus our research efforts on understanding what genomic changes in the cerebral structure allow improvements in the assessment of risk factors associated with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity disorder domains, and related cognitive processes such as attention function.Els estudis que combinen la informació genètica i de neuroimatge (IG) pretenen provar com la informació genètica influeix en l'estructura i funció cerebral, en el comportament, i en els dominis del neurodesenvolupament, combinant la informació extreta de ressonàncies magnètiques del cervell i de la informació genètica d'un mateix individu. Els estudis d'IG representen una oportunitat per aprofundir en el coneixement dels mecanismes biològics dels dominis del desenvolupament neurològic. La majoria dels estudis es centren en la correlació individual i en proves d'associació entre un subconjunt de variants genètiques (en general polimorfismes d'un únic nucleòtid, SNPs) i una única mesura d'una regió cerebral. Però, malgrat el gran èxit en l'enfocament univariat, donades les perspectives actuals dels estudis d'IG, en els quals es pretenen analitzar les relacions cerebrals de tot el genoma envers tota la informació del cervell, el desenvolupament de nous mètodes estadístics específics esdevé crucial. L'objectiu principal d'aquesta tesi consisteix a investigar els determinants genètics relacionats amb els canvis estructurals del cervell, que a la vegada, afecten els dominis del neurodesenvolupament. Proposem l'aplicació i el desenvolupament d'estratègies estadístiques per millorar l’avaluació de les relacions biològiques associades als dominis del neurodesenvolupament. Específicament, centrem els nostres esforços de recerca en comprendre quins canvis genètics que influeixen l'estructura cerebral permeten millorar l'avaluació dels factors de risc associats als dominis del trastorn per dèficit d'atenció i hiperactivitat, i a processos cognitius relacionats, com la funció d'atenció.
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Duke, S. A. „Evaluation of the chemical factors affecting the potential activity of anti-caries agents“. Thesis, Open University, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.482877.
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