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Copeland, M. Shawn, Francesco C. 1959 Cesareo, Mar Muñoz-Visoso und Richard 1958 Gaillardetz. „Pope Francis and the future of the global Church:“. The Church in the 21st Century Center at Boston College, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/bc-ir:103959.
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Francis has set a new tone for the papacy, but the impact of his leadership remains unclear this early in his reign. This panel brings together four experts of diverse experience and perspective for a robust discussion on the Francis Papacy and the global church
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Turner, Adam Chase. „Framing a Pope: Analyzing Media Frames in The New York Times Coverage of Pope Francis“. Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/91391.
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This study extends notions of framing theory by drawing from research analyzing the framing of Pope Francis within coverage from The New York Times. The mass media has, since the election of Pope Francis in 2013, provided him extensive coverage on a myriad of issues. Previous studies have noted Pope Francis' propensity to draw massive amounts of media attention towards his actions and statements, even noting the potential for Pope Francis to control the media narrative through his own implementation of frames. Drawing on framing theory, this study examines the ways in which coverage of Pope Francis is defined by The New York Times by finding relationships between the issues addressed in Papal coverage, the frames implemented within this coverage, the valence of the messages, and the presentation of Pope Francis himself. This thesis yields that coverage of Pope Francis within The New York Times has shifted from positive valence to primarily neutral valence when comparing the first three years of his papacy to second three years. The findings of this thesis could potentially inform future studies which may wish to determine potential for frame transfer due to the content of articles or for studies which may wish to delve deeper into the issue with a much larger sample.Master of Arts
Since Pope Francis’ election, the mass media has focused heavily on his statements and actions. Previous literature attests to the notion that Pope Francis is unique among his predecessors when it comes to media coverage, primarily due to his propensity to make statements or moral recommendations that seemingly oppose or deviate from traditional Catholic values. This thesis explores the relationship between Pope Francis and the American mass media by analyzing 226 articles published by The New York Times within the first six years of his Papacy. The findings of this thesis point to notions related to the valence of Papal coverage, which began as primarily positive but have shifted in nature from the beginning of Francis’ Papacy. The findings of this thesis also point towards the religious nature of Papal coverage and also the potential for sexscandal coverage to shift representation of the Pope.
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SOUZA, LUCIANA DALL ORTO LUCENA DE. „THE DISABLED PEOPLE IN POPE FRANCIS PONTIFICATE: A MERCIFUL LOOK“. PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2016. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=29345@1.
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PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIROCOORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DO PESSOAL DE ENSINO SUPERIOR
PROGRAMA DE SUPORTE À PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO DE INSTS. DE ENSINO
As pessoas com deficiência são pessoas fantásticas porque elas são doadoras e não sugadoras. Elas podem nos ensinar a viver uma vida de felicidade e alegria apesar do sofrimento. Papa Francisco é consciente de que o sofrimento está relacionado com a cultura do descarte. É por isso que ele sempre lembra a todos que ouçam as vozes de nossos irmãos e irmãs que são pobres, doentes, marginalizados. Ele deseja promover a cultura do encontro porque a cultura do encontro é o oposto da cultura do descarte cujas vítimas são precisamente as pessoas mais frágeis e vulneráveis. Olhar o mundo pelas lentes do encontro é perceber a presença de Deus que é misericordioso e que nos precede no amor. Papa Francisco nos encoraja no sentido de que sejamos para as pessoas com deficiência como Bons Samaritanos, e tenhamos para com essas pessoas solidariedade, caridade e misericórdia. Ele diz que nós não devemos ter medo de abrir as portas e sair para o encontro servindo com amor e ternura especialmente às pessoas com deficiência porque elas são recursos de humanidade.
The disabled people are great persons because they are givers and not takers. They can teach us to live a life with joy and laughter in spite of the pain. Pope Francis is conscious that the cause of the pain has to do with a throw-away culture. That is why he always reminds everybody to hear the voices of our brothers and sisters who are poor, sick, marginalized. He wants to promote the culture of encounter because the culture of encounter is the opposite of the throw-away culture whose victims are precisely the weakest and most fragile human beings. To see the world through the lens of encounter is to realize a presence of a merciful God who first encounters us in love. Pope Francis encourages us to take the disabled person on as Good Samaritans, with solidarity, charity and mercy. He says that we don t have to fear of opening the doors and going out to encounter, serving with love and tenderness especially the disabled people because they are true resources of humanity.
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Piccinin, Antonella. „Catholic public reason: John Rawls and catholic social teaching: from Vatican II to Pope Francis“. Doctoral thesis, Luiss Guido Carli, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11385/201122.
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The aim of this dissertation is to demonstrate the ways in which the Roman Catholic vision concerning ‘public reason’ presents some pertinent perspectives in contemporary political theory and debate. As part of this overarching objective, the dissertation presents an in-depth theoretical discussion and analysis of Rawls’ political theory on Public Reason, particularly in the context of contemporary political problems within Western societies regarding the issue of religion in the public sphere. In this broad context, the relationship between religion and politics will serve as a central focus of this dissertation, particularly in terms of civil society and the public sphere. The dissertation then establishes linkages between these theoretical concepts and Catholic Social Teaching, underpinned by the aim of proposing a substantial interpretation of Catholicism as a ‘reasonable comprehensive doctrine’. The purpose is to offer a delineation of the essential elements of Catholic Social Teaching that are relevant for the issue of the public participation of the church in the public-political square. This is done with the view to address questions of how the Church can theoretically and practically participate in this sphere, offering publicly-acceptable ‘justifying reasons’: namely a ‘Catholic Public Reason’.
The dissertation will explicitly confirm the possibility of religious support for Rawlsian liberalism and demonstrate that Catholicism is not necessarily incompatible with it. Nevertheless, the dissertation will conclude by arguing that Catholicism generally is not compatible with liberalism from an ideological perspective, evidenced by ideological tensions. Thus, although it is suggested that some dialectical tensions remain, political liberalism, at least in its Rawlsian form, is neither hostile or unfriendly to the presence of religion in the public sphere, as many have traditionally assumed, and Rawls’ public reason – whose aim is not to exclude religion – is actually more welcoming than it is considered by its critics.
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Hong, Kimberly Yuen. „Tear down the veils : Francis Bacon's papal variations, 1946-1971 /“. Connect to title online (Scholars' Bank), 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/9871.
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Vela, Victoria E. „Marriage and Annulments in the Papacy of Francis: Themes of Mercy and Accompaniment“. University of Dayton / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=dayton1595605783800129.
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Hahn, O. S. B. Michael L. „From Communion Toward Synodality: The Ecclesial Vision of Pope Francis and Its Implications for Catholic Higher Education in the United States“. Thesis, Boston College, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/bc-ir:108477.
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Thesis advisor: Jane ReganAt the intersection of theology and education, this dissertation investigates the distinctive character of the participation of Catholic colleges and universities in the mission of the Catholic Church. In 1967, less than two years after the final session of the Second Vatican Council, Catholic educators assembled in Land O’Lakes, Wisconsin to discuss the nature and role of Catholic universities in the modern era. While representing a necessary and natural stage of development for Catholic higher education, the Land O’Lakes statement—and, particularly its assertion of “true autonomy”—lacked sufficient theological foundation. In response to perceived abuses stemming from an undue emphasis on institutional autonomy, Pope John Paul II published the apostolic constitution on Catholic universities, Ex corde Ecclesiae (1990). This document proposed an ecclesiology of communion as a more adequate theological foundation. Although communion ecclesiology represented a real advance on several fronts, ultimately, the inability of this theological foundation to resolve challenging issues regarding the distinctive mission of Catholic institutions became evident. Consequently, a more adequate ecclesiological foundation is required. This dissertation proposes that ecclesial synodality, as it has emerged in the papacy of Francis, provides a more constructive ecclesiological foundation for considering the relationship between Catholic higher education and the church. I propose that Catholic colleges and universities can serve as institutions to foster the practice of synodality in the church
Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2019
Submitted to: Boston College. Graduate School of Arts and Sciences
Discipline: Religious Education and Pastoral Ministry
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Fee, Alexandra. „An Appeal to the Common Good: Pope Francis's Speech to Congress“. Thesis, Boston College, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/bc-ir:106813.
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Thesis advisor: R. Shep MelnickThis paper analyzes Pope Francis’s view of politics, particularly politics in the United States. Beginning with his speech before a special joint session of Congress on September 24, 2015, this paper explores many of the themes the Pope introduces in this speech, and compares those themes to those in other works he has published since being elected Pontiff in 2013. Then, this paper applies what he has said about contemporary American politics with the analysis of other scholars of American politics. Ultimately, I find that the Pope is very aware of problems in the United States, but hopes to present a positive alternative to address what he identifies as the contemporary world’s ills
Thesis (MA) — Boston College, 2016
Submitted to: Boston College. Graduate School of Arts and Sciences
Discipline: Political Science
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Bell, Rachel. „Serving the Body: Using the Political Theology of Pope Francis as a Bridge to Implement Theology of the Body Within Pastoral Ministry“. Walsh University Honors Theses / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=walshhonors1555676073165535.
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Gagliano, Anna. „L'arcivescovo Francica Nava, il clero di Catania e la prima guerra mondiale“. Doctoral thesis, Università di Catania, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10761/973.
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La presente tesi di dottorato nasce dall esigenza di studiare gli esiti del primo conflitto mondiale a Catania, con particolare attenzione alla partecipazione del clero a questo evento. Si è cercato di sondare, attraverso dati precisi, il reale coinvolgimento dei religiosi alle vicende del conflitto per ricostruire la lettura che questo evento storico ebbe in tali ambienti. La figura dell Arcivescovo Giuseppe Francica Nava di Bontifè (1826-1928) compendia le speranze e il coraggio del popolo dell arcidiocesi etnea: se da un lato si mostrò in totale accordo con le direttive papali, condannando la guerra in ogni sua manifestazione, dall altro si attivò fin da subito per coordinare una serie di iniziative a sostegno dei soldati e delle loro famiglie. La grande guerra, pur nella sua tragicità, fu un occasione di apostolato per la chiesa, per rintuzzare alle frange anticlericali le accuse di disfattismo rivolte ai sacerdoti e le insinuazioni contro Benedetto XV di lavorare segretamente a favore degli Imperi centrali. L intera falange ecclesiastica mostrò sempre e comunque un atteggiamento conforme alle disposizioni del governo nazionale e fu capace di mantenere solido il fronte interno di resistenza anche nei momenti più difficili.
La storia generale sulla prima guerra mondiale non può prescindere dall approfondimento delle realtà particolari che hanno contribuito a formarla. Il puzzle di storie locali è in continua evoluzione, e il contributo di ogni singolo studioso serve a dipanare questa matassa che ancora oggi presenta delle lacune. La guerra non fu combattuta solo nelle trincee dai militari, ma fu anche vissuta e condivisa da uomini e donne rimasti nelle retrovie per sostenere la patria in armi. Ricostruire loro storie significa fornire un ulteriore contributo alla storia generale della prima guerra mondiale. Non è mia pretesa riscrivere la storia politica di Catania durante la guerra, poiché altri studiosi lo hanno già fatto, così come non ho nemmeno la presunzione di presentarne una storia prettamente militare, dal momento che questo argomento esula dalle mie competenze e dal mio progetto iniziale. Il mio lavoro, nella fattispecie, si inserisce in un quadro più generale di chiarimento dell atteggiamento del clero di Catania e del suo Arcivescovo durante il primo conflitto mondiale. Il mio obiettivo è quello di lasciar parlare i protagonisti, in ciò fedele all insegnamento del poeta Marziale: Hominem, pagina nostra sapit . I personaggi principali sono tanti, a cominciare dall Arcivescovo Francica Nava per proseguire con i sacerdoti militari, testimoni attenti e operanti della guerra. A loro ho rivolto la mia attenzione, ai loro scritti, ai loro rapporti con la città di Catania e con la Santa Sede.
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Smith, Andrew Philip. „Pope Leo IX 1049-1054 : a study of his Pontificate“. Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2018. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/30786/.
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This thesis poses a simple but intriguing and powerful question. Can Pope Leo IX (1049-1054) continue to be described as a reforming or reform-minded pope? The approach taken rethinks Leo and rethinks reform and the analysis of each, taken together, leads to a fresh evaluation of what Leo did and how he went about it. This thesis focusses on his pontificate and is not a full life biographical portrait. The historiographical background of the last one hundred and thirty years is comprehensively analysed. This analysis shows that the descriptor of reform has been applied to Leo consistently over that period but that only one attempt has been made to define reform. This thesis puts forward a new definition of reform which is used to provide a framework for evaluation and for clarifying the answer to the thesis question. Leo’s extant papal letters and other sources provide the basis for a new and full analysis of what Leo actually did in his Synods. This analysis shows that Leo used his Synods for complex and multi-faceted purposes. These purposes were not so much to push a reform agenda but more to resolve disputes, to deal with simony and to deal with very many issues related to Church governance. Leo’s letters are also used to analyse afresh the reasons for his many journeys. The analysis shows that Leo’s journeys were undertaken for multiple reasons and were not specifically related to the long standing view that the journeys relate to Leo’s attempt to Europeanise the papacy. Finally the letters are utilised to ask questions of Leo’s overall policy approach to papal governance. This analysis puts forward new ideas about the team in the papal office and reveals a complex landscape of influences. Taken together these strands of analysis show a complex picture and highlight a new perception of Leo and that the long held premise of seeing Leo through the single prism of reform confuses and obscures the real nature of his policy approach and his pontificate. The conclusion of this thesis is that Leo can no longer be accurately described as a reforming pope but rather as an important one who was both a conservative and traditionalist. The implications of this for the grand narrative of the history of eleventh century Europe are considerable. The roles of the other principal actors need to be thought out afresh; the notion of reform itself needs to be reconsidered and the antecedents of the so-called Gregorian reform fall to be re-evaluated.
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RANGEL, LUIZ FERNANDO LIMA. „MERCY IN THE CHRISTIAN LIFE OF THE CHURCH: TRACES OF WALTER KASPER S BOOK ON MERCY WITH LIGHTS IN THE CATECHESIS OF POPE FRANCIS“. PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2018. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=35975@1.
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PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIROCOORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DO PESSOAL DE ENSINO SUPERIOR
PROGRAMA DE SUPORTE À PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO DE INSTS. DE ENSINO
PROGRAMA DE SUPORTE À PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO DE INSTITUIÇÕES COMUNITÁRIAS DE ENSINO PARTICULARES
O tema da misericórdia é estudado a partir do que é apresentado no Livro de Walter Kasper A Misericórdia – Condição fundamental do Evangelho e chave da vida Cristã , com elementos para o aprofundamento do conhecimento da misericórdia de Deus, nas Escrituras, no ensinamento e na vida da Igreja, e sua ação dentro da Igreja e no mundo. Juntamente com o estudo de Kasper, a dissertação procura verificar o ensinamento do Papa Francisco no ano do Jubileu Extraordinário da Misericórdia. A dissertação destaca elementos do livro de Kasper e ênfases do ensinamento do Papa Francisco, em principais documentos pontífícios no ano jubilar, como a Bula Misericordiae Vultus que abre o ano da misericórdia e a carta apostólica Mirecordie et Misera fechando o ano e em audiências. Em Kasper e em Francisco apresentam-se questões importantes para o agir do cristão no mundo. A Escritura mostra a misericórdia de Deus. A misericórdia está na obra salvífica de Deus. A misericórdia deve estar na fé e na vida dos cristãos. O diálogo da misericórdia será necessário para levar a ação da misericórdia de Deus para uma cultura da misericórdia e para a evangelização do mundo. A Igreja deve receber a misericórdia de Deus e anunciar com palavras e obras da misericórdia e nos sacramentos. É necessário ter atenção com o sacramento da reconciliação onde a pessoa se encontra com o perdão e a misericórdia de Deus.
The theme of mercy is studied from what is presented in Walter Kasper s book Mercy-The essential condition of the Gospel and the Key to the Christian Life with elements for deepening the knowledge to God s mercy in the Scriptures, in the teaching and in the life at Church, and its action within the Church and in the world. Together with Kasper s study, the thesis seeks to verify the teaching of Pope Francis by year during Jubilee extraordinary of Mercy. See the deepening of mercy in the main section of the Pope s hearings in this jubilee. The dissertation highlights elements of Kasper s book and emphases of the teaching of Pope Francis with pontifical texts in the jubilee year, as in the Bull Misericordiae Vultus that the year of mercy was opened and the apostolic letter Misericordia and Misera closing the jubilee year. In Kasper and Francis are presented important questions for the action of the Christian in the world. Scripture shows the mercy of God. Mercy is in the saving work of God. Mercy must be in the faith and life of Christians. The dialogue of mercy will be necessary to bring the action of God s mercy to a culture of mercy and to the evangelization of the world. The Church must receive the mercy of God and proclaim with words and works of mercy and the sacraments. Within this framework, attention will need to be paid, among other things, the sacrament of reconciliation where one encounters the forgiveness and the mercy of God.
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Mello, Alexandre Awi. „Maria-Iglesia: Madre del Pueblo Misionero - Papa Francisco y la piedad popular mariana en el contexto teologico-pastoral latino-americano (Mary-Church: Mother of the Missionary People – Pope Francis and popular Marian piety)“. IMRI - Marian Library / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=udmarian1549794813187077.
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DiLeo, Daniel Robert. „Laudato Si' in the United States: Constructing a Public Theology“. Thesis, Boston College, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/bc-ir:107612.
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Thesis advisor: Kenneth R. HimesThis project constructs a public theology of Laudato Si' with which Catholics in the United States might shape climate change discourse, policy, and action. Chapter 1 outlines anthropogenic climate change and reviews magisterial Catholic teaching about this issue. Chapter 2 argues that the Christian church should engage with the world through both secular and faith-based language in the forms of public philosophy and public theology. Chapter 3 considers Catholic public theology in the contemporary U.S. Chapter 4 considers LS as a document of public theology and demonstrates how this document both develops Catholic public theology in the social encyclical tradition and is organized according to a modified Pastoral Circle. Chapter 5 analyzes a nationally representative public opinion survey of American adults to discern the likelihood that messages based on LS might move Americans’ climate change opinions more in line with Pope Francis’s ecological vision. Chapter 6 combines these insights with the reflections in Chapter 3 to construct an American Catholic public theology of LS that might help accordingly shape American climate change discourse, policy and action. The project thus combines theological ethics and social science to engage in applied ecological theological ethics and constructively suggest the contents of an evidence-based American Catholic public theology of LS with which the church might advance Pope Francis’s ecological vision
Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2017
Submitted to: Boston College. Graduate School of Arts and Sciences
Discipline: Theology
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Konrath, Germana. „Às vezes fazer algo poético pode se tornar político e às vezes fazer algo político pode se tornar poético : a ocupação do tempo e do espaço na poética urbana de Francis Alÿs“. reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/169320.
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A presente pesquisa trata da atualização de impulsos utópicos através da trajetória poética do artista belga-mexicano Francis Alÿs e de seu entrelaçamento com a noção de direito à cidade desenvolvida por Henri Lefebvre. Mais especificamente, questiona o potencial de reflexão e de transformação que essa produção artística apresenta em relação à nossa forma de pensar e de ocupar o espaço público, tanto de um ponto de vista temporal quanto espacial. O estudo tem como objeto empírico ações poéticas de Alÿs realizadas em grandes cidades ocidentais, majoritariamente latino-americanas, entre o final do século XX e início do XXI. Tais ações são aqui debatidas frente à produção teórica de autores cujas publicações datam desse mesmo período: Gilles Deleuze e Félix Guattari, Jacques Rancière, Michel de Certeau e Néstor García Canclini. Os conceitos que fundamentam toda a pesquisa, no entanto, tais como espaço público, direito à cidade e impulso utópico, remontam a dois pensadores do início do século XX: Henri Lefebvre e Ernst Bloch. O diálogo entre teoria e prática configura a espinha dorsal desta dissertação, que busca em obras artísticas a atualização dos conceitos trazidos pelos autores citados e a reverberação dessas práticas na teoria.This research approaches the updating of utopian impulses through the poetic trajectory of the Belgian-Mexican artist Francis Alÿs and his intertwining with the notion of the right to the city developed by Henri Lefebvre. More specifically, it questions the potential for reflection and transformation that this artistic production presents in relation to our way of thinking and occupying public spaces, both from a time and spatial point of view. The empirical object is Francis Alÿs oeuvre carried out in large western cities, mostly Latin American, between the end of the twentieth century and the beginning of the twenty-first. These actions are discussed facing the theoretical contributions from authors who are contemporary to Francis Alÿs: Gilles Deleuze and Félix Guattari, Jacques Rancière, Michel de Certeau and Néstor García Canclini. The concepts that underlie all the research, however, such as public space, right to the city and utopian impulse, go back to two thinkers from the early twentieth century: Henri Lefebvre and Ernst Bloch. The dialogue between theory and practice, seeking in artistic works the updating of the concepts brought by the cited authors and aiming to identify the reverberation of these practices in theory, forms the backbone of this master’s dissertation.
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Villey, Colette. „Le défi prostitutionnel : la prostitution se pose comme un défi : celui de sa disparition“. Paris 5, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA05H029.
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Le phenomene prostitutionnel suscite selon les epoques et les pays des reactions regroupees en trois systemes juridiques : le prohibitionnisme, le reglementarisme l'abolitionnisme. Chacun d'eux constitue un projet, un mouvement qui rend compte d'un etat social donne. Le prohibitionnisme consiste a interdire la prostitution et a exercer une repression contre les personnes qui s'y livrent, l'organisent et l'exploitent. Le reglementarisme part du postulat que la prostitution est un "mal" mais un "mal" necessaire qu'il convient non d'interdire mais de controler, canaliser, reglementer. L'abolitionnisme tire la consequence de l'echec du prohibitionnisme et des inconvenients du reglementarisme au plan des libertes. Il ne preconise que l'abolition de la reglementation. Or la prostitution ne peut etre enfermee dans ces trois systemes ni dans une combinaison des trois, a savoir un neo-reglementarisme. Elle porte en elle un defi celui de sa disparition. Il s'agit donc d'elaborer cette quatrieme maniere d'apprehender la prostitution. Cette perspective, objet de ma recherche, s'appuie sur trois assises : une etude juridique des trois systemes en vigueur, une lecture chronologique et une analyse de la realite socio-prostitutionnelle du 13 avril 1946 au 2 decembre 1985, une approche globale du phenomene prostitutionnel apprehende a partir d'une pratique professionnelle, de connaissances acquises et d'interrogations suscitees par la rencontre avec les trois partenaires : personnes prostituees, proxenetes et clients. La strategie du changement envisage s'inscrit dans le temps aujourd'hui et demain. L'importance des travaux realises dans le cadre de cette recherche ne permet pas de les presenter en 1 seul volume. Quatre documents les rassemblent : - le defi prostitutionnel. Une approche juridique du phenomene prostitutionnel. . 13 avril 1946 - 2 decembre 1985 - un essai historique de la realite socio-prosti- tutionnelle. - analyse de la realite socio-prostitutionnelle du 13 avril 1946 au 2 decembre 1985. Chacun d'eux peut etre exploite separement.
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Deye, Joseph M. „Of the Presidential and Papal: Dialectics in Charismatic, Political Leadership“. University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1522319466919265.
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Guilford, Jonathon. „Les emprunts à l'anglais dans la presse française pop-rock“. Paris 5, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA05H043.
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Cette recherche est une contribution à l'étude des emprunts anglais en français. Il s'agit essentiellement d'une étude synchronique. Le corpus comporte 974 anglicismes différents, relevés principalement dans la presse française pop-rock. Les données ont été analysées en fonction de diverses approches : i> d'un point de vue syntaxique ont été étudies la répartition entre les différentes catégories syntaxiques (noms, adjectifs, verbes, etc. ), l'emploi de signes typographiques, l'ordre des mots dans la phrase (adjectifs et noms), le choix du genre pour les noms empruntes a l'anglais, le degré de francisation des mots anglais du point de vue morphosyntaxique. Ii> en ce qui concerne l'utilisation des registres, l'étude a porté sur l'emploi des emprunts en français et en anglais, en cherchant à établir un nouveau classement. Des changements de registre lors du passage de l'anglais au français ont pu être ainsi notes. Iii> pour les datations, les liens entre l'afflux des emprunts et les facteurs sociolinguistiques ont été observes. De plus, ont été menées une pré-enquête ainsi que quatre autres enquêtes portant sur le choix du genre des noms anglais en français, les attitudes de jeunes français envers les emprunts et leurs "équivalents" français recommandes par les commissions de terminologie, leur niveau de connaissance des emprunts et la fréquence d'emploi. Ceci a permis une estimation du degré de pénétration et d'acceptation de ces emprunts anglais en français. Bien que le nombre d'anglicismes relevés dans nos sources soit très important et que les locuteurs français semblent les accepter facilement, cette recherche permet d'établir que les emprunts à l'anglais ne représentent guère un danger pour le système linguistique du français étant donne leur faible degré de francisation. De plus, ils forment une partie intégrante des ressources argotiques et néo logistiques du françaisThis research is a contribution to the study of English loanwords in French. It is essentially a synchronic study of 974 different anglicism’s taken mainly from the French pop rock music press, which have been analysed from various angles : i> from a syntactic angle ; namely the distribution between different syntactic categories (nouns, adjectives, verbs, etc. ), the use of typographical markings, word order (especially adjectives with nouns), gender choice for loaned nouns, the degree of morphosyntactic "gallicization". Ii> a comparison of language registers used for the same word in French and English, and the changes in register resulting from the transfer from English to French. Ii> dates : the links between the influx of loanwords and sociolinguistic factors were noted. In addition, we carried out four surveys concerning the application of gender to borrowed nouns, French attitudes to loanwords and to their officially recommended French equivalents, and the level of knowledge and frequency of use of loanwords by young French speakers. These had the overall aim of estimating the degree of penetration and acceptance of English loanwords in French. Although a large number of English loanwords were found in our sources and seem to be easily accepted by young French speakers, our research demonstrates that the French language system in is little danger. Moreover, they form an important resource for the production of slang and the creation of neologisms in French
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Francis, Shawn Michael. „Differences in Ground Reaction Forces between Take-Offs that are Out, On, or Under in the Pole Vault“. Thesis, North Dakota State University, 2012. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/26658.
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Aim. The take-off is regarded as the most important phase of the pole vault yet there is an insufficient amount of research on the ground reaction forces of the pole vault takeoff. At this time there is not any scientific research comparing force and time between takeoffs that are out, on and under. The purpose of this study is to compare the differences in ground reaction forces between pole vault take-offs that are out, on or under. Methods. Over five days, 15 male and female college pole vaulters completed 226 vaults on a (AMTI Accupower) force plate. The jumps were put into categories of out, on and under and analyzed by Accupower, and Dartfish software. Separate mixed modal ANOVAs (SAS 9.3) were applied (P?.05) for comparison between jump types. Conclusions. There is no significant difference between ground reaction forces of the three jump types.
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Graciani, Maria Regina Ribeiro. „Perspectivas antropológico-cristãs: elementos de uma antropologia cristã na Evangelii Gaudium“. Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2016. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/18959.
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This research presents a study of the human being from the perspective of Christian anthropology. It is through the central mystery of the life of Jesus Christ, the Son of the living God, in his Incarnation, Passion, Death and Resurrection, which reveals the divine plan for humanity. The Christian faith points out that the encounter between God and human happens unsurpassed way in Jesus Christ and, through Him, and the grace of the Spirit, the human being has the possibility of conformity to God and to share in his divine life. The relationship with God is essential for the achievement of every man, every woman and all mankind. In the Apostolic Exhortation Evangelii Gaudium, Pope Francis makes a swing state in which humanity faces today and is an invitation for a return and deepening the encounter with Jesus Christ. It proposes that the joy, the strength of the Risen Lord, is present in the practice of the law of love and shine more in the daily life of Christians and from them to the society. The message of life proclaimed and lived for twenty-one centuries by Master's followers still present in preaching and life of Christians today. It is the joy of the Gospel that illuminates and gives meaning to human life, as evidenced by the Holy Scriptures: "I have come that they may have life and have it abundantly" (Jo 10,10)
Esta pesquisa apresenta um estudo acerca do ser humano sob a ótica da antropologia cristã. E vai apontar que é por meio do mistério central da vida de Jesus Cristo, o Filho de Deus Vivo, em sua Encarnação, Paixão, Morte e Ressurreição, que se desvela o desígnio divino para a humanidade. A fé cristã acredita que o encontro entre Deus e o humano acontece de forma insuperável em Jesus Cristo e, que, por intermédio dEle e da graça do Espírito, o ser humano tem a possibilidade de uma conformação a Deus e à participação em sua vida divina. A relação com Deus é fundamental para a realização de cada homem, de cada mulher e da humanidade toda. Na Exortação Apostólica Evangelii Gaudium, Papa Francisco faz um balanço do estado em que a humanidade se depara hoje e faz um convite para um retorno e aprofundamento no encontro com Jesus Cristo. Propõe que a alegria, na força do Ressuscitado, esteja presente na prática da lei do amor e resplandeça mais na vida cotidiana dos cristãos e a partir deles para a sociedade. A mensagem de vida proclamada e vivida há vinte e um séculos pelos seguidores do Mestre continua presente na pregação e na existência dos cristãos nos dias de hoje. É a Alegria do Evangelho que ilumina e dá sentido à vida humana, conforme atestam as Sagradas Escrituras: “Eu vim para que tenham vida e a tenham em abundância” (Jo 10,10)
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Ajayi, Christina. „Role of Religion on Climate Change Governance The influence of RNGO in COP 21“. Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-23504.
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In June 2015, the Vatican released Laudato Si’, Pope Francis encyclical focused on environmental issues. Pope Francis acted as an advocate for a binding agreement on climate change at the United Nation (UN) Convention conferences of the parties 2015 (COP21) citing the scientific consensus on the existence and human causes of climate change. This call for action by the Pope raised the question on the role of religion in the political sphere considering whether a religious authority could influence political matters. By building on the analytical framework drawn from the work of Corell and Betsill (2008), on assessing the influence of NGO in international environmental negotiations, this thesis developed an analytical framework for accessing the influence of Religious non-governmental organizations (RNGO) to examine the influence of RNGO on COP21. The findings also shed light on the secularization debate in International Relations.
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Scholz, Sebastian. „Politik - Selbstverständnis - Selbstdarstellung : die Päpste in karolingischer und ottonischer Zeit /“. Stuttgart : F. Steiner, 2006. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb411598188.
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Zanconato, Alessandro. „La dispute du fatalisme entre 1730-1760 en France“. Paris 10, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA100079.
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Cette thèse de doctorat se propose de reconstruire d'un point de vue historique le débat sur le fatalisme, né suite à la publication de l'Essai sur l'homme de Pope en France, entre 1730 et 1760. Traduit en France pour la première fois en 1736, le poème de Pope engendra une longue querelle au sujet de son "fatalisme", dont fut accusée sa théodicée optimiste dans le milieu de l'apologétique chrétienne. Pope réhabilitait la nature humaine, en niant le dogme du péché originel ; il célébrait l'amour propre et la concupiscence, et invitait le croyant à jouir librement des plaisirs terrestresThis thesis reconstructs historically the "debate on fatalism" which originated with the publication of the "Essay on man" by Alexander Pope in France between the years 1730 and 1760. Translated for the first time in France in 1736, Pope's poem caused a long "querelle" as to the presumed fatalism of which his optimistic theodicy was accused within the ambience of French apologetics. The orthodoxy of "tout est bien" was soon the object of attacks aiming to put in the spotlight its incompatiblity with Christian doctrine : according to the apologists involved in the debate. , Pope was rehabiliting human nature, denying the dogma of original sin ; was celebrating self love and concupiscence and was inviting the belief in freely enjoying earthly pleasures
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Oliveira, Andrà Silva. „Modalidade volitiva em lÃngua espanhola nos discursos do Papa Francisco em viagem apostÃlica“. Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2017. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=20152.
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CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel SuperiorO objetivo desta pesquisa à analisar e descrever a manifestaÃÃo da modalidade volitiva em lÃngua espanhola nos discursos do Papa Francisco em viagem apostÃlica, tendo em vista a relaÃÃo entre a FormulaÃÃo (NÃvel Interpessoal e NÃvel Representacional), a CodificaÃÃo (NÃvel MorfossintÃtico) e o Componente Contextual. Conforme a GramÃtica Discursivo-Funcional (GDF) e partindo do pressuposto de que a modalidade volitiva està relacionada ao que à (in)desejÃvel (HENGEVELD e MACKENZIE, 2008), postulamos que o NÃvel MorfossintÃtico codifica diferentemente a modalidade volitiva, tendo em vista os elementos do NÃvel Interpessoal, do NÃvel Representacional e do Componente Contextual. Para isso, constituÃmos um corpus com 13 discursos proferidos pelo Papa Francisco em quatro viagens apostÃlicas realizadas entre os anos de 2015 e 2016 aos Estados Unidos, a Cuba, à AmÃrica do Sul (Equador, BolÃvia e Paraguai) e ao MÃxico. A anÃlise quantitativo-qualitativa dos dados obtidos com o auxÃlio do SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Science) em relaÃÃo à modalidade volitiva revelou-nos que o Papa Francisco prefere modalizar, volitivamente, para o Ouvinte 1 (chefes de estados, altas autoridades e sociedade civil) em ambientes polÃticos e, em ambientes religiosos, para o Ouvinte 2 (bispos, sacerdotes e fiÃis catÃlicos). Verificamos que o Sumo PontÃfice costuma construir-se como fonte de tipo Enunciador nos seus discursos, preferindo ilocuÃÃes declarativas e optativas para a instauraÃÃo dos valores semÃnticos de desideraÃÃo, optaÃÃo e intenÃÃo, majoritariamente, sobre o alvo de tipo DomÃnio Comum; utilizando-se de auxiliares modais, verbos plenos e construÃÃes volitivas e empregando, preferencialmente, o presente do indicativo. Constatamos ainda que as categorias de anÃlise relativas ao NÃvel MorfossintÃtico se relacionavam tanto com as categorias de anÃlise referentes ao NÃvel Representacional, como Ãs do NÃvel Interpessoal e do Componente Contextual, atestando, dessa forma, a nossa hipÃtese primÃria. Por fim, apresentamos as nossas dificuldades na anÃlise e descriÃÃo da modalidade volitiva, haja vista que ela pode se apresentar de forma âatÃpicaâ (sem o emprego de modalizadores) por meio do contexto ou de oraÃÃes finais; alÃm de dissertamos sobre as marcas de polidez e cortesia empregadas por meio de verbos volitivos, mas sem que configurassem como expressÃo da voliÃÃo, bem como os casos de aspectualidade do verbo pleno querer.
The main goal of this research is to analyze and describe the manifestation of the volitive modality in Spanish language in the discourses of Pope Francis on apostolic journey, considering the relationship between Formulation (Interpersonal Level and Representational Level), Codification (Morphosyntactic Level) and the contextual component. According to the Discursive-Functional Grammar (FDG) and assuming that the volitive modality is related to what is (in)desirable (HENGEVELD and MACKENZIE, 2008), we postulate that the Morphosyntactic Level encodes the volitive modality differently, considering the elements of the Interpersonal Level, the Representational Level and the Contextual Component. To this end, we have constituted a corpus of 13 speeches given by Pope Francis in four apostolic journeys between the years 2015 and 2016 to the United States, Cuba, South America (Ecuador, Bolivia and Paraguay) and Mexico. The quantitative-qualitative analysis of the data obtained with the SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Science) in relation to the volitive modality revealed to us that Pope Francis prefers to modify, volitively, to Listener 1 (heads of states, high authorities and society civilian) in political settings and in religious settings for Listener 2 (bishops, priests and Catholic people). We find that the Supreme Pontiff usually builds himself as an Enunciator type source in his discourses, preferring declarative and optional illocutions for the establishment of semantic values of desideration, willness and intention, mostly on the Common Domain type target; using modal auxiliaries, full verbs, and volitive constructions, and preferably employing the present indicative. We also found that the categories of analysis related to the Morphosyntactic Level were related both to the categories of analysis related to the Representational Level, as well as to the Interpersonal Level and the Contextual Component, thus attesting to our primary hypothesis. Finally, we present our difficulties on the analysis and description of the volitive modality, since it can present itself in an "atypical" way (without the use of modalizers) through the context or final clauses; in addition to discussing the marks of politeness and courtesy employed by means of volitive verbs, but without configuring them as an expression of volition, as well as the cases of aspectuality of the full verb will
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Garncarzyk, Dimitri. „La muse géomètre. L'épopée dans l'Europe du XVIIIe siècle“. Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCA100/document.
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Le corpus épique du 18e siècle en France, en Angleterre, en Pologne et au Danemark révèle trois types de survivance de l’épopée : (1) une survivance théorique dans la poétique spéculative (dont le modèle relativement incontesté est au 18e siècle l’Art poétique de Boileau), (2) l’épopée héroïque (comme la Henriade de Voltaire), toujours critiquée pour ses imperfections ; et (3) l’épopée comique (sur le modèle du Lutrin de Boileau), au succès bien plus unanime tant au 18e siècle qu’au regard de la postérité : The Rape of the Lock d’Alexander Pope, Peder Paars de Ludvig Holberg, Myszeis d’Ignacy Krasicki. L’épopée ne pourrait-elle ainsi survivre qu’au prix de sa dégradation de l’héroïque au comique ? Le poème héroïque serait-il donc tant étouffé par ses règles qu’il ne puisse exister dans la modernité qu’au prix d’un burlesque libérateur qui en relâche l’emprise ? Si, depuis la fin du 17e siècle, les échecs du genre épique sont régulièrement attribués à sa surthéorisation, il semble pourtant que l’héroïcomique se révèle au 18e siècle la forme par excellence de la régularité poétique. Loin d’être étouffé par ses règles, le genre épique tel que le conçoivent des théoriciens et des poètes inspirés par le classicisme français comme Alexander Pope, Ludvig Holberg, Charles Batteux, Ignacy Krasicki ou F. X. Dmochowski est à la fois régulier et vivant. L’efficacité du genre épique, qui englobe alors l’héroïcomique, dépend de son inscription dans un cadre formel « classique » qui se fonde largement sur les relectures de la Poétique d’Aristote au 18e siècle. Le reconstituer, c’est définir une « lisibilité classique » – c’est-à-dire un horizon d’attente esthétique et normatif dans lequel les règles ne sont pas des slogans, mais définissent réellement des pratiques poétiques signifiantes. La thèse explore, dans ses cinq parties, les implications de cette idée au niveau de la réception des textes épiques modernes (I), de la composition de l’ouverture épique conçue comme patrice du poème (II), des représentations de l’inspiration et du rôle du poète épique (III), de la fiction poétique (la « fable », IV) et de la textualité épique (diction et tableaux épiques, V). Les épopées anglaises, danoises ou polonaises étudiées témoignent ainsi des métamorphoses que connaît au 18e siècle le classicisme, européanisé et vivant – quand les ambitions refondatrices de Voltaire s’inscrivent en faux par rapport à une doctrine normative dont le poète français perçoit, moins que certains de ses contemporains, la productivitéConsidering an epic corpus from 18th-century France, England, Poland and Denmark, the epic genre can be said to exist in the 18th century in several forms. (1) As the theoretical object of speculative poetics (the main model of which is Boileau's Art Poétique). (2) As heroic epics, such as Voltaire's Henriade, which may enjoy success but are whose shortcomings are systematically pointed out by critics. (3) As comic epics (heavily influenced by Boileau's Lutrin), which achieve much greater success than their heroic counterparts both in the 18th century and today: Pope's Rape of the Lock, Ludvig Holberg's Peder Paars, Ignacy Krasicki's Myszeis. Can the epic genre then only survive through comic degradation? Is heroic poetry so smothered by speculative rules of art that it can only survive when burlesque subversion relaxes them?Whereas theoretical over-thinking has been, since the late 17th century, the go-to explanation for the many failures of early modern epic poetry, it seems that heroicomic poetry is actually a paragon of poetic regularity in the 18th century. Far from being asphyxiated by its rules, the epic genre as theorized and practiced by men of letters admirative of French neoclassicism such as Alexander Pope, Ludvig Holberg, Charles Batteux, Ignacy Krasicki or F. X. Dmochowski is both regular and very much alive. An epic is even more efficient the better it fits within a neoclassical framework heavily based on 18th-century reinterpretations of Aristotle's Poetics. To formulate this framework amounts to understanding "classical readability", a set of aesthetic and normative expectations within which poetic rules are not empty slogans but describe actual meaningful poetic techniques.This dissertation examines the implications of this idea with respect to the reception of early modern texts in the 18th century (I), how the opening lines of epic poems are seen to program the bulk of the work (II), the representation of the inspiration and social role of the epic poet (III), epic fiction (the "fable", IV), and the composition of the epic text itself (V). The aforementioned English, Danish and Polish epics are testaments to the transformations of neoclassical poetics and poetry through 18th-century Europe, whereas Voltaire's ambitious attempt at a reform of the neoclassical normative doctrine shows that, in contrast to some of his contemporaries, he failed to perceive its poetic conductivity
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Quéré, Michel. „Le pôle technologique comme instrument d'aménagement de l'espace : étude du cas de la région Provence-Alpes-Cote d'Azur“. Aix-Marseille 3, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986AIX32048.
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La notion francaise de pole technologique est le temoignage historique d'une problematique economique nouvelle dans un champ institutionnel bouleverse par le processus de responsabilisation de l'echelon regional. Issue d'une analyse comparative des approches japonaises et americaines en matiere de concretisation optimale des nouvelles technologiques, cette notion est definie comme le reflet des ambiguites et des affrontements de pouvoirs dont l'espace regional francais fait aujourd'hui l'objet. Malgre l'apparence novatrice de cette notion, qui aurait pu s'epanouir dans ce contexte de decentralisation institutionnelle, force est de constater, a travers le role de l'amenagement de l'espace dans la realisation de cette notion, la perdurance historique de la centralite francaise qui, sous des aspects de respect des realites regionales, reste, par le jeu des institutions centrales, bien ancree (le debat pole technologique - technopole est ainsi presente, au-dela du genre grammatical, comme le reflet d'affrontements de pouvoirs historiquement fondes). L'etude du cas de la region p. A. C. A. Presente un double interet : celle-ci a eu une politique regionale volontaire et marquee bien avant l'officialisation de 1982 et elle porte en son territoire une experience qui, bien qu'apparaissant au niveau national comme une reference des nouveaux enjeux de l'espace (le parc inter- national d'activites de valbonne-sophia-antipolis), n'en demeure pas moins ambigue dans sa finalite et sa reussite. Ces deux recherches (theoriques et empiriques) permettent de contribuer a une definition plus fine du role de l'amenagement du territoire dans la reussite de cette notion de pole technologique ou, jusqu'a present, cette approche n'a pas reellement pris sa pleine dimensionThe french concept of regional technological pole is the historical reality of a new economic problematic in an institutionnal field upset by the rise of a regional level. Born of a comparative analysis between japanese and american systems to put new technologies into an optimal concrete shape, this concept tackles the ambiguities and the power battles inherent in the regional area. Despite the innovation aspect of this concept wich might have led to an institutionnal decentralization context, we have been able to establish a historical continuity in french centralization (about the use of urban planning in regional technological pole concept) which, under the seemingly regard of regional realities, actually remains deep-rooted in the central institutions game. Thereby, we can consider the dispute (technological pole - technopolis) as an historical battle between central and reginal powers. The case of "provence-alpes-cote d'azur" area has a twofold interest : first, it was the field of a dynamic regional policy before the french officiali- zation in 1982; second, the "provence-alpes-cote d'azur" area, a national model though it be (the international research park of the "valbonne-sophia-antipolis") meets difficulties in its finality and result. Both these researchs (theoric and empiric) help to contribute to a better definition of urban planning role in the success of this concept in which this field has not taken a full dimension yet
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Ollion, Martine. „Face à la critique : Salomé, Oscar Wilde, Lugné-Poe et Richard Strauss : Paris, 1891-1910“. Thesis, Paris 4, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA040153.
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Au début des années 1890, Oscar Wilde choisit Paris comme terre d’élection et entreprend de s’y faire un nom. Bientôt connu comme l’auteur du Portrait de Dorian Gray et de Salomé, pièce d’inspiration symboliste écrite en français, la presse le chronique abondamment. En 1896, Aurélien-Marie Lugné-Poe, porte Salomé à la scène et lui offre les conditions d’une nouvelle réception parisienne. En 1902, Richard Strauss voit la pièce représentée à Berlin et s’en empare pour en faire le livret allemand d’un opéra auquel il donne, en parallèle, une version française. Dans un contexte socio-Culturel en mutation et dans un climat politique tendu entre la France et l’Allemagne, Salomé de Strauss arrive à Paris en 1907, accompagnée d’une réception critique exceptionnelle qui ne faiblira pas jusqu’à son entrée au Répertoire de l’Opéra en 1910.Salomé, d’Oscar Wilde à Richard Strauss, se trouve ainsi adoptée à plusieurs reprises par Paris, littéralement portée par les réceptions qu’elle y a reçues, jusqu’à devenir, en ses premières années, malgré des caractéristiques nationales étrangères plurielles et marquées, une œuvre où résonne un fort accent français. Elle peut être appréhendée comme une illustration des discours journalistiques et revuistes parisiens de la fin du XIXe siècle et du début du XXe siècle, dans une perspective verticale – sur une période d'une vingtaine d'années – et horizontale, à travers trois éclairages critiques. Telle que les écrits la montrent ou la façonnent en ses différents avatars, elle est peut-Être aussi une tentative réussie d’art total, héritière superlative du mythe de Salomé revisité en une œuvre-Tiroir, littéraire, dramatique, musicaleIn the early 1890s, Oscar Wilde chose Paris as his adopted land, aiming at becoming famous. Soon known as the author of The Portrait of Dorian Gray and Salomé, a play inspired by the Symbolist movement and written in French, he triggered much curiosity on the part of the critics. In 1896, Aurélien-Marie Lugné-Poe, brought Salomé to the stage and provided the conditions of a new Parisian reception. In 1902, Richard Strauss saw the play represented in Berlin and used it to compose the German libretto of an opera of which he also, simultaneously gave a French version. Against the backdrop of a socio-Cultural context of change and political tension between France and Germany, Strauss’s Salome was performed in Paris in 1907, accompanied by a huge critical reception that would not weaken until it entered the Repertoire of the Opera in 1910. From Oscar Wilde to Richard Strauss, Salomé was thus adopted on several occasions by the Paris, literally sustained by the receptions that it received there, becoming, in spite of its several, marked foreign national characteristics, a work resounding with a strong French accent. Salomé’s critical reception can be seen as an illustration of the journalistic speech in Paris in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, in a vertical perspective - over a period of twenty years - and horizontal, through three critical perspectives. Revealed by this kind of writing or shaped by it into its different types of metamorphosis, this play may also be a successful attempt at total art, superlatively embodying the myth of Salomé in its multiple literary, dramatic and musical dimensions
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Debrand, Dorian. „Barrières à l'innovation et Stratégies dans la Plasturgie française : le cas des membres du pole de competitivite plastipolis“. Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSE2001.
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Cette thèse propose une étude des barrières à l'innovation et des stratégies des firmes de plasturgie françaises membres du pôle de compétitivité Plastipolis. Nous adoptons une méthodologie faisant dialoguer théorie et empirie à travers quatre chapitres. Nos matériaux empiriques se composent de données issues de l'exploitation de 24 entretiens de firmes innovantes de plasturgie. Nous proposons une revue récente de la littérature empirique sur les barrières à l'innovation et mettons notamment en lumière les principaux facteurs de variation de leur nature et intensité. Nous enrichissons cette revue en développant les principaux concepts de l'évolutionnisme économique des comportements innovants des firmes. L'état des lieux et l'analyse de la plasturgie française aujourd'hui permettent d'identifier les acteurs et les spécificités de cette industrie, puis l'étude des trajectoires des firmes innovantes de plasturgie de détecter et construire une typologie des stratégies d'innovation. L'interprétation de la littérature évolutionniste et celle sur les barrières nous permet de formuler une proposition d'analyse du rôle conjoint des compétences et des barrières lors de l'adoption d'une nouvelle stratégie et d'émettre dans deux hypothèses l'existence de deux facteurs qui font varier leur nature et intensité. L'évaluation des effets de ces deux facteurs de variation est testée sur notre échantillon à partir de statistiques descriptives, d’analyses en composantes principales (ACP) puis dans 3 études de cas approfondies. Nos résultats permettent de mieux appréhender la complexité de l'innovation dans l'industrie de la plasturgie française et d'identifier les leviers activables pour soutenir les firmes innovantes. Pour cela, après un retour sur le rôle d'intermédiation de l'innovation ouverte joué par les pôles de compétitivité et par Plastipolis en particulier nous formulons des recommandationsThis thesis offers a study of the barriers to innovation and the strategies of the French plastics processing firms that are members of the competitive cluster Plastipolis. We adopt a method that combines and compares theory and empiricism over four chapters. Our empirical material is made up of data from 24 interviews with innovative plastics processing firms. We offer an up-to-date review of the empirical literature on innovation barriers and bring to light the main variation factors in the nature and intensity of these barriers. The review is enriched by developing the main concepts of the economic evolutionism of firms’ innovative behaviours. The overview and analyses of plastics processing in France today make it possible to identify the sector’s actors and specificities, and by studying innovative plastics firms’ trajectories, we can detect and construct a typology of innovation strategies. Interpreting evolutionary literature and studies of barriers enables us to formulate a proposal to analyse the shared role of skills and barriers when adopting a new strategy, and to put forward in two hypotheses the existence of two factors that cause their nature and intensity to vary. The evaluation of the effects of these two variation factors is tested on our sample using descriptive statistics, principal component analysis (PCA) and 3 in-depth case studies. Our findings make it easier to grasp the complexity of innovation in the French plastics processing industry, and to identify the levers that can be implemented to support innovative firms. Before making recommendations, we examine the intermediation role of open innovation played by competitive clusters, particularly Plastipolis
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Rollin, Vincent. „Rendre les derniers devoirs en musique : Rituels, chants et pompe musicale des cérémonies funèbres catholiques à Paris sous le régime concordataire“. Thesis, Saint-Etienne, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015STET2210/document.
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Cette étude vise à mettre en lumière les ressorts, pratiques et répertoires propres à l’usage des chants et de la musique au cours des convois et messes funèbres catholiques à Paris sous le régime concordataire (1802-1905). La solennisation cantorale et musicale de, ajoutée à et pendant la messe des morts (plain-chant, faux-bourdon, contre-point, musique figurée) est tout d’abord analysée au prisme de ses cadres d’organisation et de production : d’une part, les textes et rubriques relatifs aux rituels, cérémonies, prières et chants inscrits dans les livres de l’Église, suivant le rite romain ou le rite propre de Paris ; d’autre part, la législation, l’économie et l’administration de la messe funèbre tarifée suivant les barèmes officiels des pompes funèbres et le casuel paroissial, gradués par classes de convois. La fabrique de la pompe musicale extraordinaire est ensuite étudiée à travers l’analyse de quatre cas particuliers : la participation des militaires in et ex ecclesia, par le truchement des honneurs rendus par les troupes et de la mobilisation de musiques militaires ; les convois et célébrations funèbres à caractère officiel et national, de par leur financement, leur dimension symbolique et les lieux qu’elles investissent, voire les répertoires officiels qu’elles convoquent ou commandent ; les deuils de la communauté des gens de musique et de théâtre, impliquant non seulement une mobilisation spontanée et bénévole des musiciens, des choix singuliers quant aux œuvres exécutées, mais aussi un discours funèbre et honorifique produit par la musique mêmeThis thesis studies the motivations, practices and repertories of chant and music used in catholic funeral ceremonies at Paris under the Concordat (1802-1905). The singing and musical solemnization of, added to and during the Mass of the Dead (plain chant, false bourdon, counterpoint, music) is analyzed for its scopes of organization and production : on the one hand the texts and rubrics of the rituals, ceremonies, prayers and chants of the liturgical books (roman and parisian rites) ; on the other hand the legislation, economy and administration of the funeral mass the official fees regulation of “pompes funèbres” fees and parishes. Then the making of the extraordinary musical “pompe” is studied by means of four particular cases : the involvement of the soldiers in and ex ecclesia (military honours and music) ; official and national funeral ceremonies, with their financing, symbolic system, places and official musical repertories ; the mournings of the musical community, involving not only a voluntary summoning up of musicians, singular choices for the musical program, but also a funeral discourse through music
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Silva, Mariane de Almeida. „Colegialidade: experiências de Jorge Mario Bergoglio e sua influência no pontificado de Francisco“. Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2018. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/21052.
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Pope Francis has been surprising the world since his arrival at the Vatican's most important balcony on March 13, 2013, when he was elected Supreme Pontiff of the Catholic Church. There, already in those brief minutes of his appearance, he draws attention by his gestures, by the way of his speaking, actig and mainly, by the way of being close to people. Still on that memorable day, Francis points to an way that, although not explicitly, becomes central in his ministry: Collegiality. This is noticeable at the moment when he calls himself bishop of Rome and calls the cardinals of brothers. Francis's words point to Collegiality. However, only a deeper inquiry is able to discover whether, in fact, Francis is a pope who lives the collegial spirit in his family and ministerial base. The present dissertation sought to know the theoretical and theological bases of Jorge Mario Bergoglio, the ecclesiological paths covered by him, regarding Collegiality. This work had, among other things, the intention of discovering if the experiences of Jorge Mario Bergoglio before the election contributed to the collegial tone present in the documents of Francis. For this, the research sought to show the roots of Collegiality present not only in the moment of the Second Vatican Council, but also the aspects of its reception in the different continents, particulary in Latin American soil, of which Bergoglio is a beloved son. It was too important to know the biographical-existential roots of the future archbishop of Buenos Aires. Recognizing such aspects of Bergoglio, it will be easier to discover who, in fact, is Francis and what his thoughts are for the Church and her mission
O papa Francisco vem surpreendendo o mundo desde sua chegada à sacada mais importante do Vaticano naquele 13 de março de 2013, quando fora eleito Sumo Pontífice da Igreja Católica. Ali, já naqueles breves minutos de sua aparição, chama a atenção seja pelos gestos, pela maneira de falar e agir e, principalmente, pela maneira de se fazer próximo às pessoas. Ainda naquele dia memorável, Francisco aponta para um eixo que, embora não explicitamente, passa a ser central em seu ministério: a Colegialidade. Isso é perceptível já no momento em que ele se denomina como bispo de Roma e chama os cardeais de irmãos. As palavras de Francisco apontam para a Colegialidade. Entretanto, somente uma averiguação mais profunda é capaz de descobrir se, de fato, Francisco é um papa que vive o espírito colegial desde sua base familiar e ministerial. A presente dissertação buscou conhecer as bases teóricas e teológicas de Jorge Mario Bergoglio, os caminhos eclesiológicos percorridos por ele, no que tange a Colegialidade. Esse trabalho teve, dentre outras coisas, o intuito de descobrir se as experiências de Jorge Mario Bergoglio anteriores à eleição contribuíram para a tônica colegial presente nos documentos de Francisco. Para tanto a pesquisa procurou mostrar as raízes da Colegialidade presentes não só no momento do Concílio Vaticano II, como os aspectos de sua recepção nos diferentes continentes, particularmente em solo latino-americano, do qual Bergoglio é um dileto filho. Demasiado importante se mostrou o conhecimento das raízes biográfico-existenciais do futuro arcebispo de Buenos Aires. Reconhecendo tais aspectos de Bergoglio, com mais facilidade se descobrirá quem, de fato é Francisco e quais são seus pensamentos para a Igreja e sua missão
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Nellier, Yann-Michel. „Influence des processus biogéochimiques sur la contamination par les PCB des espèces piscicoles des lacs d'altitude“. Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015GREAA012/document.
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Les lacs d'altitude sont soumis à des retombées atmosphériques de polluants organiques persistants (POP) issus pour la plupart des activités humaines malgré leur éloignement des sources d'émissions de ces composés. Si les mécanismes de transport atmosphérique de ces polluants jusqu'aux sites d'altitude sont désormais bien connus (« global distillation » ou « grasshopper effect »), on dispose en revanche de très peu d'informations quant à leur devenir dans ces écosystèmes montagnards. Le travail présenté a pour objectif de déterminer les processus internes au lac influençant le devenir de ces polluants, avec un accent plus particulier sur leurs interactions avec les phases organiques et leur intégration dans les réseaux trophiques. En raison de leurs propriétés physico-chimiques très variables entre congénères (e.g., peu à très hydrophobes), les polychlorobiphényles (PCB) ont été choisi comme modèles de POP.L'étude a été conduite sur deux lacs alpins du Parc National des Ecrins (Isère, France): le lac de la Muzelle (2110 m) et le lac de Plan Vianney (2250 m). Le suivi en 2012 et 2013, à fréquence saisonnière,des concentrations en PCB des composants biologiques, des fractions particulaires et dissoutes et des flux atmosphériques déposés sur les lacs a permis d'évaluer à la fois les variations saisonnières, interannuelles, et entre les lacs, de la contamination de la faune piscicole et de les relier aux intrants atmosphériques et aux processus biogéochimiques lacustres.Nos résultats identifient la fonte du manteau neigeux comme vecteur rapide et important de transfert des PCB atmosphériques aux lacs d'altitude (40% des apports annuels en seulement 2 à 3 semaines). Le bilan de masse révèle aussi que les flux de PCB entrants sont supérieurs aux flux sortants des lacs et met ainsi en évidence leur rôle de puits de PCB atmosphériques. La distribution des PCB entre les phases "particules" et "eau" varie à la fois entre lacs et saisons, révélant une succession d'équilibre et de non-équilibre thermodynamiques. En effet, la couverture de glace en hiver isole les lacs de l'atmosphère et donc des sources de polluants, permettant aux PCB d'atteindre l'équilibre thermodynamique de partition entre les phases particulaire et dissoute. A l'opposé, en périodes d'eaux libres, les paramètres d'influence de l'adsorption des PCB sur la matière particulaire (température, concentration et nature des particules, concentration de PCB) répondent à la variabilité environnementale, empêchant l'atteinte de l'état d'équilibre. Enfin, si la contamination de la faune piscicole varie tant entre lacs qu'entre saisons, l'absence de relation entre concentrations en PCB et divers indicateurs trophiques (composition en isotopes stables du carbone ou biomarqueurs lipidiques) révèle que cette contamination ne dépend ni de l'habitat ni de la variabilité trophique des individus. Au contraire, la contamination de la faune piscicole est liée à la concentration des polluants en phase dissoute. Dans les lacs d'altitude, les POP, même s'ils sont présents à faible concentration, seraient donc essentiellement transférés à la faune piscicole par un phénomène de bioconcentration et non par un mécanisme de bioaccumulation.Nos résultats mettent en évidence la nécessité de mieux connaître l'éco-dynamique des POP, y compris dans les milieux faiblement contaminés. Dans un contexte de changement global pour lequel les intrants dans les écosystèmes d'altitude risquent de varier en intensité ou en temporalité, ces connaissances permettront (i) d'évaluer le rôle futur des lacs comme puits ou sources secondaires de POP pour l'atmosphère et (ii) prévoir l'évolution des niveaux de contamination de la faune piscicole dans les écosystèmes aquatiques éloignés des sources de productionAltitude lakes undergo atmospheric deposition of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) resulting mainly from human activities despite their distance from emission sources. If the mechanisms driving the atmospheric transport of these pollutants to altitude environment are now fairly known ("global distillation" or "grasshopper effect"), there is still few information about their fate in these mountain ecosystems. This work aims to identify the internal lake processes influencing the fate of POPs, with a particular focus on their interaction with the organic phases and their integration into food webs. Due to their variability of physico-chemical properties between congeners (e.g., less to more hydrophobic), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) have been chosen as POP models.The study was conducted on two alpine lakes from the National Park of Ecrins (Isère, France): Lake Muzelle (2110 m) and Lake Plan Vianney (2250 m). A monitoring was conducted in 2012 and 2013 to assess PCBs concentration in aquatic organisms, particulate and dissolved fractions and atmospheric PCBs inputs. Thus, seasonal, interannual and inter-lakes variability of PCBs level in fish have been assessed and linked to atmospheric inputs and biogeochemical lake processes.Our results show that snowmelt corresponds to an important and sudden flux of PCBs to altitude lakes (40% of annual contributions during the few weeks of spring thaw). Mass balance also reveals that PCBs inputs are higher than outputs, highlighting the role of altitude lakes as atmospheric PCBs sinks. PCBs partition between particulate and dissolved phases varies both between lakes and seasons, revealing a succession of thermodynamics equilibrium and non-equilibrium. In fact, when lakes are ice-covered, the water column is isolated from the atmosphere and therefore from sources of pollutants, allowing to reach a thermodynamic equilibrium partition of PCBs between the particulate and dissolved phases. On the contrary, when lakes are ice-free, parameters affecting PCBs adsorption on particulate matter (temperature, concentration and nature of the particles, PCBs concentration) are subject to environmental variability, preventing chemicals to reach thermodynamic equilibrium. Finally, even though PCBs fish contamination varies both between lakes and between seasons, the lack of relationship between PCBs concentrations and trophic indicators (stable isotope composition of carbon or lipid biomarkers) highlights that fish level of PCBs does not depend on habitat use and inter-individual trophic variability. In contrast, the PCBs concentration in fish is related to the concentration of pollutants in the dissolved phase. In altitude lakes, even though POPs are presented at low concentrations, these chemicals are mainly transferred to the fish compartment by bioconcentration rather than bioaccumulation.These results highlight the need to improve our knowledge on POPs ecodynamics even in low contaminated environments. In a context of global change for which pollutant inputs in altitude ecosystems might vary in intensity or temporality, this research appears essential to (i) assess the future role of altitude lakes as atmospheric POPs sinks or secondary sources and (ii) predict any modification of PCBs levels in fish in remote aquatic ecosystems
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Caraseni, Rita de Cassia Goulart. „Compaixão no pensamento do Papa Francisco: a compaixão como chave de leitura da Laudato Si’“. Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2017. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/20670.
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Fundação São Paulo - FUNDASP
This research had as a general objective, to elaborate a study on the compassion category and how it presents itself in the thought of Pope Francisco, especially in the Encyclical Laudato Si'. We had as specific objectives: to characterize the category by relating it to elements identified in the encyclical, investigate and discuss how the category is present in the thought of Francisco and identifying the main meanings of the category in the Encyclical Laudato Si'. The theme of this dissertation arose from the desire to carry out research that treated compassion as a principle to be studied for its relevance in the process of maturing the human being in its relations. As a hypothesis of the research, we consider that the compassion category is expressed in an underlying way throughout the text of the Encyclical, through the use of elements of the category present in the text and also in the interlinkages of the main meanings of the category: anthropological, ecological and theological. The methodological approach used to compose this study was based on bibliographical and documentary research. We looked for authors who representing the state of the art about what was being researched and who presenting a discussion model that was closer to our intention of placing the compassion category in a social and global context, using it as a key to reading. As a result of the research, we note that through compassion, the human being is recognized within life, since this principle is capable of eliminating boundaries, creating bonds of brotherhood and building bridges of accessibility
Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo geral, elaborar um estudo sobre a categoria compaixão e como ela se apresenta no pensamento do Papa Francisco, especialmente na encíclica Laudato Si’. Tivemos como objetivos específicos: caracterizar a categoria relacionando-a com elementos identificados na encíclica, investigar e debater como a categoria se faz presente no pensamento de Francisco e identificar os principais significados da categoria na encíclica Laudato Si’. O tema dessa dissertação surgiu da vontade de realizar uma pesquisa que tratasse a compaixão como um princípio a ser estudado por sua relevância no processo de amadurecimento do ser humano em suas relações. Como hipótese da pesquisa, consideramos que a categoria compaixão vem expressa de forma subjacente ao longo de todo o texto da encíclica, através do uso de elementos da categoria presentes no texto e também nas interligações dos principais significados da categoria: antropológico, ecológico e teológico. O enfoque metodológico utilizado para compor esse estudo, partiu de pesquisa bibliográfica e documental. Buscamos autores que representassem o estado da arte e que apresentassem um modelo de discussão que mais se aproximasse da nossa intenção de colocar a categoria compaixão em um contexto social e global, utilizando-a como chave de leitura. Como resultado da pesquisa, observamos que através da compaixão, o ser humano se reconhece dentro da vida, uma vez que esse princípio é capaz de eliminar fronteiras, criar laços de irmandade e erguer pontes de acessibilidade
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Ribeiro, Célia Maria. „O espírito do pastor: a espiritualidade inaciana no ministério do Papa Francisco“. Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2018. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/21597.
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This work introduces Pope Francis ministry in a different light, an approach which has not been usually adopted, so far: Ignatian spirituality. From the start, it narrates Jorge Mario Bergoglio’s spiritual and intellectual backgrounds, which were firstly incorporated from his own family and further developed when he joined in the Society of Jesus. His trajectory as a clergyman highlights his struggles with his fellow brothers in his religious congregation, where he experienced both setbacks and advancements, especially, when we consider the Latin America historical context at the time, during which Argentina, where he was born and raised, was under a military dictatorship. Nevertheless, in spite of all the political tensions, his decisions always go in the direction of pastoral work and spiritual discernment. Following that, this work highlights the Second Vatican Council major influence over the Church new policies in our contemporary cultural scenario, a context full of challenges which were long felt in the successive Church crisis. This was an important aspect for Pope Benedict XVI resignation, which is also assessed in this work, a resignation that was followed by the conclave ending up in the election of the first Jesuit Pope. The circumstances for his choice and the facts triggered by the new Bishop of Rome, beginning with his decision to be called “Francis” and advancing to the traits of his Petrine ministry, are taken into account, especially in the light of Ignatian spirituality, when references to time, places and people are underlined. Nevertheless, it is a work that introduces Pope Francis inner language in the context of his outspoken life
Este trabalho apresenta o ministério do Papa Francisco sob um enfoque com poucos precedentes, até então: a espiritualidade inaciana. De início, narra a formação espiritual e intelectual de Jorge Mario Bergoglio, obtida a partir de sua própria família e desenvolvimento na Companhia de Jesus. Em sua trajetória, destacam-se as nuances e os reveses da convivência na congregação religiosa, sobretudo, no contexto latino-americano, em decorrência da ditadura militar na Argentina, país de sua origem e crescimento pessoal e eclesial; assim como as tensões para a tomada de decisão, porém sempre baseada no discernimento espiritual e pastoral. A seguir, sinaliza para a influência do Concílio Ecumênico Vaticano II na reorientação da Igreja e na relação com a cultura contemporânea, repleta de desafios, os quais foram sentidos na longa crise da instituição milenar. Este, um aspecto considerado relevante na renúncia do Papa Bento XVI, também abordado na pesquisa, seguido do conclave que culminou na eleição do primeiro Papa jesuíta. As circunstâncias de sua escolha e os fatos desencadeados pelo novo Bispo de Roma, desde a opção por chamar-se “Francisco” às características próprias do seu ministério petrino, são levados em consideração, especialmente à luz da espiritualidade inaciana, quando se assinalam as referências aos tempos, lugares e pessoas. Contudo, trata-se de um trabalho que analisa a linguagem interior do Papa Francisco baseada na exterioridade de sua vida
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Escoubet, Stéphane. „La légitimation d’une pop "indépendante" en France : The Divine Comedy d’après Les Inrockuptibles, une étude de cas“. Thesis, Paris 4, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA040153.
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La réflexion proposée par ce travail s’inscrit dans le contexte d’une ascension symbolique du rock au sein du paysage culturel français, qui peut être rapprochée de celle que connaît le jazz de plus longue date. Ainsi le public français de la pop dite « indépendante » (ou indie pop) a-t-il principalement été recruté au sein d’une population étudiante, ou de jeunes actifs, qui peut être qualifiée de cultivée, partageant une même aspiration à se distinguer du goût le plus commun. Le point de départ de notre questionnement est néanmoins celui d’un hiatus entre ce profil culturel et l’apparente trivialité du genre pop : l’attachement de ce public pour le genre a-t-il quelque rapport avec des dispositions légitimes (en dépit des apparences), ou traduit-il au contraire une franche distance vis-à-vis des traits historiques de la culture légitime ? C’est par le biais d’une étude de cas que cette thèse tente d’apporter des éléments de réponse ; celui d’un magazine, Les Inrockuptibles (l’une des principales instances de légitimation de la pop indépendante en France), et de l’un des groupes britanniques que ce dernier a le plus contribué à promouvoir durant les années quatre-vingt-dix, The Divine Comedy. Au terme de cette étude se dessine un ordre de légitimité hybride, qui tient à la fois de valeurs enracinées dans le monde de l’art légitime et de registres hétérodoxes portés par des instances de consécration concurrentes. Cette étude interroge également la relation entre les représentations ainsi associées à The Divine Comedy et les caractéristiques musicales des opus, esquissant une approche musicologique de l’œuvre à l’aune de sa médiationThe subject of this work falls into the broader context of a symbolic rise of rock in the French cultural landscape, comparable to the similar longstanding evolution of jazz. The French audience of so-called "independent" pop (or indie pop) has been found mainly within a population of students or young workers one might refer to as "educated", and who have aspired to distinguish themselves from the most common musical tastes. Still, the starting point of our concern is that of a gap between this cultural profile and the apparent triviality of the pop genre: has this audience’s fondness anything to do with legitimate dispositions (despite appearances) or, on the contrary, does it step away from the historical features of "legitimate culture"? This thesis attempts to provide answers through a joint case study of the magazine Les Inrockuptibles (one of the main legitimizing institutions of indie pop in France) and one of the British bands it had most contributed to promoting during the 1990s, The Divine Comedy. What this study ultimately reveals is a hybrid type of legitimacy, which holds both the fundamental values of the art world and the heterodox registers of competing legitimizing institutions. This study also investigates the relation between the representations thus associated with The Divine Comedy and the musical features of the opus, sketching a musicological approach of the musical work through its mediation
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Mounier, Florence. „Modélisation mécaniste de la bioaccumulation de contaminants organiques (PCB et PFAS) chez les poissons dans le contexte du changement global : application aux juvéniles de sole commune de l’estuaire de la Gironde“. Thesis, Bordeaux, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019BORD0046.
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Les estuaires sont des écosystèmes aquatiques particulièrement soumis au changement global et notamment à la pollution par de nombreux xénobiotiques pouvant présenter un risque écotoxicologique et sanitaire. En toxicologie environnementale et en évaluation des risques la bioaccumulation est un processus fondamental car elle contrôle les doses internes de toxiques potentiels. Or les flux de contamination et de décontamination des organismes dépendent de processus internes (e.g. nutrition, croissance) eux-mêmes dépendant des conditions environnementales (e.g. température, nourriture) qui peuvent être affectées par le changement global.Dans ce contexte, cette thèse se propose de décrire, dans un cadre de modélisation mécaniste, les processus de bioaccumulation de deux familles de polluants organiques persistants (POP) halogénés potentiellement toxiques et bioaccumulables, aux propriétés physico-chimiques contrastées : les polychlorobiphényles (PCB, composés historiques fortement lipophiles) et les substances perfluorées (PFAS, composés émergents amphiphiles). Ce travail se focalise sur l’estuaire de la Gironde dont la fonction de nourricerie est fondamentale pour de nombreuses espèces de poissons marins dont la sole commune (Solea solea), souvent utilisée comme indicatrice de la qualité des nourriceries côtières et estuariennes.Pour permettre de tenir compte des fluctuations des conditions environnementales sur la bioaccumulation, dans la première partie de ce travail, j’ai développé un modèle de toxicocinétique(TK) couplé avec un modèle mécaniste bioénergétique basé sur la théorie DEB (Dynamic Energy Budget). Ce modèle DEB a été paramétré pour la sole commune et calibré pour chaque sexe (package DEB tool). Il permet de prédire les principales évolutions des fonctions physiologiques d’intérêt en bioaccumulation (ingestion, croissance, reproduction...), tout au long du cycle de vie d’un individu, en fonction de conditions environnementales dynamiques. Le modèle TK développé a été complexifié par l’ajout d’un flux d’élimination de contaminants, non considéré dans les précédents modèles DEB-TK.La calibration des paramètres toxicocinétiques (TK) du modèle, pour 4 congénères de PCB, est basée sur une méthode innovante de prise en compte de la variabilité individuelle d’ingestion, appliquée à une expérimentation de contamination de juvéniles de sole via leur nourriture. Ce travail a montré que même en tenant compte de l’ingestion de chaque poisson, l’assimilation efficace de contaminant était très variable et corrélée aux taux de lipides des individus. Dans une seconde partie, ce modèle a été appliqué aux conditions in situ de l’estuaire de la Gironde. Il a permis de mettre en évidence la forte influence de la composition du régime alimentaire sur la variabilité de l’âge à la maturité sexuelle et de la contamination des soles pour les deux familles de contaminant étudiées. La confrontation des prédictions du modèle aux mesures de contaminants dans les juvéniles de sole de l’estuaire a permis de calibrer les paramètres TK du composé majeur de chaque famille dans l’environnement (CB153 et PFOS). Cette calibration a conduit à deux constats dans le cadre de l’évaluation du risque : (1) un manque de connaissances pour extrapoler les calibrations de paramètres TK en conditions contrôlées vers les conditions naturelles ; (2) la différence d’erreur d’évaluation du risque liée à l’utilisation des mêmes paramètres TK «les plus pessimistes » quels que soient les composés. Enfin, des scenarios prospectifs simples ont été développés pour illustrer ces résultats et les possibles applications du modèle développé.In fine, ces prédictions de la contamination, de la croissance et du développement des soles pourront être reliées, lors de travaux ultérieurs, à des effets potentiels sur les fonctions physiologiques de la sole (modèles DEBtox), et aux conséquences sur la dynamique des populations de soles (e.g.modèles matriciels de population)Estuarine ecosystems are particularly impacted by global change and, specifically, bychemical pollution from numerous xenobiotics that may be associated to ecotoxicological and health risks. In environmental toxicology and risk assessment, bioaccumulation is a fundamental process as it controls the internal doses of potential toxicants in organisms. However, the contamination and decontamination flows depend on internal processes thatare themselves dependent on environmental conditions (e.g. temperature, food) and thus on the other variables of global change.In this context, this manuscript aims at describing, within a mechanistic modelling framework, the bioaccumulation processes of two families of potentially toxic and bioaccumulable halogenated persistent organic pollutants (POPs) with contrasting physicochemical properties: the polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs, highly lipophilic historical compounds) and the perfluorinated substances (PFAS, amphiphilic emerging compounds).This work focuses on the Gironde estuary whose nursery function is fundamental for many species of marine fish including the common sole (Solea solea), often used as an indicator of the quality of coastal and estuarine bursary grounds. In order to account for the influence of environmental conditions on bioaccumulation, the first part of this work consisted in developing a toxicokinetic model (TK) coupled with a mechanistic bioenergetic model based on the theory DEB (Dynamic Energy Budget). This DEBmodel has been parameterized for common sole and calibrated for each sex (packageDEBtool). It allows predicting the main evolution of the physiological functions of interest forbioaccumulation (ingestion, growth, reproduction...) throughout the life cycle of an individualaccounting for dynamic environmental conditions. The developed TK model was first calibrated for some PCBs, under controlled conditions, using an innovative method to take into account individual ingestion variability. This work showed that even if the individual ingestion of each fish is accounted for, the effective assimilation of contaminant is very variable and correlated with the lipid levels of the individuals. The application of the model tothe in situ conditions of the Gironde estuary led to identify that, whatever the contaminant family, the composition of the soles diet had a strong influence on the variability of soles contamination and age at sexual maturity. The comparison of model predictions with measurements made in juveniles of the estuary allowed calibrating the TK parameters values for the major compound of each family in the environment (CB153 and PFOS). This calibration led to two observations in the context of a risk assessment: (1) a lack of knowledge to extrapolate calibrations of TK parameters under controlled conditions to natural conditions;(2) the difference in risk assessment error related to the use of the same "worst case" TK parameters regardless of the compounds. Lastly, simple prospective scenarios have beendeveloped to illustrate these results and the possible applications of the model developed.Ultimately, these predictions of soles contamination, growth and development may be related in future work to potential effects on the physiological functions of sole (DEBtox models), and to consequences on soles population dynamics (e.g. matrix population models)
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Bouadjadja, Jawad. „Un antiracisme à distance des racistes : ethnographies de quatre associations de lutte contre le racisme“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Paris Cité, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UNIP7238.
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Cette thèse s'appuie sur une enquête ethnographique conduite entre 2014 et 2017 auprès des militants de quatre associations antiracistes françaises : le Conseil représentatif des associations noires de France, la Ligue internationale contre le racisme et l'antisémitisme, le Parti des Indigènes de la République et SOS Racisme. En mobilisant l'anthropologie de l'espace, la sociologie des mouvements sociaux et la sociologie des publics, la thèse se veut explorer une dimension originale de l'antiracisme militant français : la distance qui sépare les militant antiracistes des personnes qu'ils jugent racistes. Autrement dit, plutôt que d'envisager l'antiracisme militant sous l'unique angle de la lutte contre les racistes, cette thèse parcourt une lutte sans les racistes. Ce travail s'interroge donc sur cette part de l'antiracisme militant qui revient à éviter tout contact avec les racistes. À travers un examen des locaux associatifs et des terrains militants, des relations entretenues avec des adversaires racistes et des publics non-racistes, cette recherche tâche de décrire et de comprendre l'absence d'une coprésence et d'un dialogue dans les rapports de l'antiracisme militant aux personnes qu'il juge racistes. Elle se veut, aussi, interroger un paradoxe apparent : comment les antiracistes comptent-ils contribuer à la fin du racisme alors qu'ils se tiennent et se maintiennent à distance des racistes ? Pour répondre à cette question, cette thèse dévoile la manière dont cette distance peut être envisagée par les antiracistes comme un vecteur pour s'imposer face aux racistes. En tentant de convaincre un public tiers non-raciste de se joindre à la lutte antiraciste contre le racisme, l'antiracisme militant espère pouvoir construire une majorité et se constituer en puissance contraignante censée réduire les racistes au silenceThis thesis draws on an ethnographic investigation led between 2014 and 2017 among activists from four French antiracist organizations: the Conseil représentatif des associations noires de France, the Ligue internationale contre le racisme et l'antisémitisme, the Parti des Indigènes de la République and SOS Racisme. Utilizing anthropology of space, sociology of social movements and sociology of audiences, the thesis aims at exploring a unique aspect of French activism: the distance between antiracist activists and the people they deem racist. In other words, rather than looking at activist antiracism through the sole lens of fighting against racists, this thesis explores a fight without racists. This body of work thus questions the part of activist antiracism which amounts to avoiding any contact with racists. Through a study of organizations' premises and activist fields, of relationships maintained with racist opponents and non-racist audiences, this research endeavors to describe and comprehend the lack of both copresence and dialogue within the relations between activist antiracism and the people it deems racist. It also strives to question an obvious paradox: how do antiracists plan on contributing to ending racism if they keep away from racists ? In order to answer this question, this thesis unveils the way this distance can be seen by antiracists as a way to prevail against racists. By trying to convince a third-party non-racist audience to join in the antiracist fight, activist antiracism hopes to build a majority and become a compelling force which could silence racists
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Garcia, Cely Lorena. „Les écrits d’artistes dans les revues d’art entre 1957 et 1967 : la contribution des artistes à la configuration de l'art contemporain“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 8, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA080056.
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Parmi les traits significatifs de l’art depuis la fin des années cinquante, setrouve un nombre considérable d'écrits d’artistes publiés au sein de revues d’art.Interrogeant les périodiques artistiques publiés à New York et à Paris entre 1957 et 1967, l’intérêt est de soulever l’importance de ces textes d’artistes quant à l’émergence de l’art contemporain. Certains s’inscrivent dans des formats journalistiques ; d'autres ont une manière libre de composition faisant appel à des catégories littéraires ou suivant les formes académiques de l’essai et de la dissertation académique. À ceux-ci viennent s’ajouter de nombreux travaux ayant le statut d’oeuvre d’art. Cette diversité tant formelle que conceptuelle amène à nous questionner sur la spécificité de ces écrits au sein des revues : si plusieurs textes sont à mi-chemin entre la critique et la littérature, entre la pensée philosophique et artistique, où faudrait-il placer les marges permettant de réfléchir à la valeur de leurs discours ? La réponse à cette question ne pourra être apportée, si nous détachons l’écriture de son support issu d’un contexte deproduction et de diffusion précis. Comprendre les écrits d’artistes suppose, en effet, de prendre en considération le circuit communicatif qui les organise et donne leur sens: le réseau institutionnel des revues. Celles-ci ne constituent pas un simple médium pour le discours artistique, dans la mesure où elles contraignent davantage leur contenu en commandant leur usage. Dans ce cadre, nous supposons que les écrits d’artistes dans les revues contribuent à la progression des conditions artistiques de cette époque, en même temps qu’ils rendent compte de ces transformations. Or, en s’inscrivant dans une épaisseur philosophique particulière, ces écrits renvoient aux différents débats sur la construction de la légitimité de l’art contemporainOne of the characteristics of the art in the late 1950s is the considerablenumber of artists' writings that were published in art journals. We are interested in questioning the recurrent publications that emerged in New York and Paris between 1957 and 1967, which could point to the importance of these writings in theemergence of contemporary art. Some of these are journalistic texts, others belong to literary categories or even follow the academic forms of essays and dissertations. Inaddition to these, there are works that are considered as pieces of art on their own. Such a formal and conceptual diversity leads us to question the specificity of the writings published in magazines. Being halfway between critic and literature, between philosophical and artistic thinking, where are the limits allowing to ponder the value of their speech? The answer to this question could not be given if the writings are examined separately from their medium, which is the result of a precise production and diffusion context. Hence understanding the artists' writings means accounting for the communicative circuit that organizes and gives them meaning, namely, the institutional network of journals. As a matter of fact, the latter is not a simple medium for artistic discourse, since they limit their content and regulate their use. In this way we conclude that artists' writings in journal not only contributed to the progression of the artistic conditions of this epoch but can also explain its transformations. Therefore, entering this particular dimension of the discourse of these writings is how they can send us back to the debates on the construction of the legitimacy of contemporary art
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Bardy, Gilles. „De la subtile folie du désespoir : étude des conditions psychologiques de production du texte“. Paris 7, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA070098.
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Dans la première partie, théorique, c'est le processus de la découverte chez Freud qui est étudie: découverte, résistance, travail analytique, découverte, et ainsi de suite. Les trois autres parties (sur The Great Gatsby de Fitzgerald, The purloined letter de Poe et As I lay dying de Faulkner), au moyen de l'analyse des signifiants, j'essaie de découvrir le fantasme central, le désir. On peut voir que, dans ces écrits, le fantasme de symbiose est dissimule par le fantasme oedipienIn the first, and theoretical part, the processes of the freudian discovery are carefully analysed: discovery, resistance, analytical work, discovery, and so on. In the three other parts (about The Great Gatsby by Fitzgerald, The purloined letter by Poe and As I lay dying by Faulkner), by means of the analysis of the most important words and situations, i try to find out the main fantasy, the desire. We can see that the fantasy of symbiosis is hidden by the oedipian fantasy
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Roucole, Fabien. „Prélats et hommes de guerre : Dans l'espace français au XVe siècle : Culture et pratiques“. Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM3090.
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Au Moyen Âge apparaissent régulièrement des hommes d’Église en armes, souvent des évêques. A la fois prêtres et seigneurs, ces hommes se battent pour des raisons variées : le service du roi, la cause de l’Église, ou encore pour leurs propres intérêts. Cette thèse a pour objet l'étude de ces hommes et des normes culturelles, juridiques et sociales qui conditionnent leur conduite : culture noble et militaire, devoirs envers le roi, droit canonique. La Période étudiée s'étend du début du Grand Schisme (1378) à la veille de la Réforme luthérienne (1517). C'est une période marquée par la guerre, surtout pendant la première moitié du siècle ; les prélats prennent souvent part à ces conflits. D'un autre côté, la Guerre de Cent Ans favorise l'évolution des institutions militaires, une modernisation qui tend à décharger les ecclésiastiques de leurs devoirs d'origine féodale. Les prélats qui participent aux guerres, même les plus scandaleux, ne sont que rarement punis. Lors des conciles, des critiques à leur encontre sont exprimées, mais elles ne conduisent à aucune mesure concrète. En fait, de nombreuses raisons peuvent justifier la conduite des prélats combattantsIn the Middle Ages, Clerics bearing arms, often bishops, regularly appear. Both priests and secular lords, these men fight for various reasons: to serve the king, for the cause of the Church, or even for their own interests. This is a study of these prelates and of the cultural, legal and social norms that condition their behaviour: noble and military culture, various services owed to the the king, limits brought by canon law. The chosen period begins with the Great Schism (1378) and ends at the dawn of the Lutherian Reform (1517). In France, this time is marked by the omnipresence of war, especially in the first half of the century; prelates often have to take part in these conflicts. On the other hand, the Hundred Years War induce the development of new military institutions, which tend to discharge bishops and abbots from the old feudal obligations. Prelates who engage in warfare are only rarely punished, even the most scandalous ones.At the councils, critics are expressed against them, but they lead to no conclusion. In fact, many reasons may justify the conduct of fighting bishops
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Essaouri, Mohamed. „Rapports entre le texte et l'image dans la litterature francaise du surrealisme aux annees 1970“. Paris 4, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA040059.
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Quels sont les rapports entre le texte et l'image? ce sont les problemes souleves par cette etude, laquelle constate que les criteres esthetiques et litteraires qu'on a proposes jusqu'au debut du 20eme siecle pour hierachiser les arts ( suprematie de la poesie et secondarite de la peinture) et pour definir les liens entre le texte et l'image (accent mis sur le role illustratif de l'image ) s'averent non-pertinents. Cette etude essaie de cerner les aspects les plus importants des nouveaux rapports qui se sont instaures entre les peintres et les ecrivains (du surrealisme aux annees 70) rapports fondes sur une conception differente de la creation consideree desormais comme une production, une recherche tatonnante et axee sur les memes demarches : recours aux collages pictural et verbal, roman image (e. Triolet, aragon, breton) elaboration de fictions a partir d'images (simon), introduction du signe linguistique (noms propres notamment) en peinture et enfin experimentation des deux pratiques scripturale et picturale (ponge, michaux, leiris, ionesco) etc. .What are the connexions between the text and the picture? these are the problems raised by this study, which establishes that the aesthetic and literary criteria that have been suggested up to the beginning of the twentieth century to form the art (by giving supremacy to poetry and then to painting) and to define the links between the picture (much emphasis being put on the illustrative role of the picture) prove to be irrelevant. This study tries to surrount the most important aspect of the new links which have been established between the painters and the writers (from the surrealism period to the seventies) links that are based upon the conception which is different from creation, benceforth considered as a production, a hesitating research following the same proceeding : pictoral and verbal collage, picturesque novel, elaboration of fictions from pictures, introduction of linguistic symbols in painting (namemy proper nouns) and at last the experimentation of the scriptural practice the pictural one, by modern writers
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Sleutjes, Luiz Albertus. „Ecologia integral e sinais dos tempos“. Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2018. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/21336.
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Pope Francis, in the Encyclical Laudato Si, assumes a position of those who want to promote dialogue with all those who struggle and engage in caring for Mother Earth, one of the signs of the times, in order to solve the challenges of both social order and of ecological order. Thus, to rethink the theology of creation in its entirety is intended to combat an excluding model acquired by nations over time, especially in the last three decades. This exclusion generates more and more hostility in the common house. Starting from these presuppositions, this work aims to establish a theological reflection on the christian practice and at the same time to offer a theological-ethical collaboration, starting from the dialogue with other knowledge; therefore, it is a question of presenting the coordinates of an ecology that integrates efforts in the political, philosophical and economic field, in the light of the signs of the times. The problematic of this work is based on the following question: What are the theological and pastoral ramifications of Laudato Si in relation to ecclesial conversion and its contribution in the elaboration of ethical proposals to society? To this end, the assumed hypothesis is based on the assumption that the Encyclical Laudato Si contributes both to ecclesiological conversion and to the presentation of ethical principles and attitudes that promote social justice. These proposals go beyond those put forward by the UN, at the conclusion of the Climate Conferences or also called Conferences between the Parties (COPs). Therefore, the research is in the line of theological reflection on Christian practice, moral theology, from an eco-theology. The general objective of this work is to present the limits and possibilities of the dialogue between the integral ecology of Laudato Si and the aspirations of contemporary society in COPs 20 and 21. As specific objectives are: to contemplate reality in its challenges and impulses. In a second moment, discern how society is organized: politics; how one thinks this question: philosophy and the way in which things are produced and consumed: the economy. Finally, propose some reactions that aim to promote the integrality, care and cultivation of life: a celebration to change the look, a prayer for conversion. This research assumes as methodology the bibliographic research coming from different authors, (final considerations) in order to think the reality in the light of the interdependence of the knowledge with a view to finding solutions that are collective. Sustaining the life of everything and everyone depends on reviewing the conduct of this generation to care for and guard the common home in a healthy way and deliver it to the next generations
O papa Francisco, na Encíclica Laudato Si, assume uma postura de quem quer promover o diálogo com todos aqueles que lutam e se engajam pelo cuidado com a mãe Terra, um dos sinais dos tempos, a fim de resolver os desafios tanto de ordem social quanto de ordem ecológica. Assim, repensar a teologia da criação em sua integralidade tem como intenção combater um modelo excludente adquirido pelas nações ao longo do tempo, sobretudo nas três últimas décadas. Essa exclusão gera cada vez mais hostilidade na casa comum. Partindo desses pressupostos, este trabalho visa estabelecer uma reflexão teológica a respeito da prática cristã e ao mesmo tempo oferecer uma colaboração de cunho ético-teológico, a partir do diálogo com outros saberes; logo, trata-se de apresentar as coordenadas de uma ecologia que integre esforços no campo político, filosófico e econômico, à luz dos sinais dos tempos. A problemática deste trabalho parte da seguinte questão: Quais os desdobramentos teológicos pastorais da Laudato Si com relação à conversão eclesial e sua contribuição na elaboração de propostas éticas à sociedade? Para tanto, a hipótese assumida parte do pressuposto de que a Encíclica Laudato Si contribui tanto com a conversão eclesiológica quanto a apresentação de princípios e posturas éticas que promovam a justiça social. Essas propostas vão além das apresentadas pela ONU, na celebração das Conferências sobre o Clima ou também denominadas Conferências entre as partes (COPs). Por isso, a pesquisa se dá na linha da reflexão teológica sobre a prática cristã, a teologia moral, a partir de uma eco-teologia. O objetivo geral deste trabalho é apresentar os limites e as possibilidades do diálogo entre a ecologia integral da Laudato Si e as aspirações da sociedade contemporânea nas COPs 20 e 21. Como objetivos específicos têm-se: contemplar a realidade em seus desafios e impulsos. Num segundo momento, discernir como a sociedade está organizada: a política; como se pensa essa questão: a filosofia e o modo como nela as coisas são produzidas e consumidas: a economia. Por fim, propor algumas reações que visam promover a integralidade, o cuidado e o cultivo da vida: um celebrar para mudar o olhar, um orar para converte-se. Essa pesquisa assume como metodologia a pesquisa bibliográfica oriunda de diferentes autores, (considerações finais) a fim de pensar a realidade à luz da interdependência dos saberes com vistas a encontrar soluções que sejam coletivas. A sustentação da vida de tudo e de todos depende da revisão da conduta desta geração para cuidar e guardar a casa comum de maneira saudável e entregá-la às próximas gerações
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Joyeux, Hélène. „Un certain "esprit de collection" : les collectionneurs d'art français du monde de la mode (XXe-XXIe siècles)“. Thesis, Paris 1, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020PA01H040.
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Depuis l’invention de la haute couture à la fin du XIXème siècle, jusqu’à aujourd’hui, le milieu de la mode est l’un des secteurs professionnels qui concentre le plus de collectionneurs. Dès lors, on peut se demander s’il existe un collectionnisme propre aux collectionneurs du milieu de la mode, et si tel est le cas, comment il s’est structuré et de quelle façon il a évolué. Si celui-ci est le premier axe choisi pour rendre compte de ces relations, il n’est pas le seul car il ne peut se comprendre sans aborder, plus largement, d’autres formes de collaborations entre les acteurs de ces milieux. Le collectionnisme s’inscrit en effet dans un ensemble de relations entre grands couturiers, ou dirigeants de groupes de luxe, artistes, marchands, galeristes, journalistes, critiques, photographes, clients d’un secteur comme de l’autre.… etc. Pour ce faire, nous avons choisi trois exemples de collectionnisme, qui ont en commun d’avoir marqué leur époque, le champ de la mode et celui de la collection : ceux de Jacques Doucet, du couple Pierre Bergé-Yves Saint Laurent et de Bernard Arnault à travers la marque et la fondation Louis Vuitton. Cette thèse se propose donc d’analyser le collectionnisme du point de vue du collectionneur mais aussi, à inscrire ces collections à la fois dans leurs époques respectives, dans leur filiation, dans l’histoire de l’art et l’histoire de la modeSince the invention of haute couture at the end of the XIXth century until today, the fashion world has been one of the professional sectors where the collectors are the most numerous. This raises the question of whether there is a specific type of collectionnism among the fashion collectors, and if so, how is it structured and how has it evolved. If this is the first line of research chosen to analyze these relationships, it is certainly not the only one but it cannot be understood without addressing, more widely other forms of collaboration between all the peripheral creative actors in this field. Indeed, collectionism is part of the network of relationships between leading fashion designers, or leaders of luxury goods companies, artists, art dealers, gallery owners, journalists, critics, photographers and clients of both sectors, etc. To do so, we have chosen three examples of collectionism that have in common the fact that they have marked their era, contemporary fashion and the ‘spirit’ of collection: those of Jacques Doucet, the couple Pierre Bergé and Yves Saint Laurent and Bernard Arnault through the brand Louis Vuitton and the Louis Vuitton Foundation. This thesis proposes to analyze and explore collectionism from the point of view of the collector but also, to place these collections at the same time in their respective era, in their filiations, in the history of art and fashion history
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David, Marine. „Influence des apports d'eaux souterraines sur le fonctionnement hydrologique et biogéochimique des lagunes méditerranéennes : cas de la lagune de l'Or“. Thesis, Montpellier, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019MONTG039.
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A l’interface entre le continent et la mer, les lagunes côtières méditerranéennes sont vulnérables aux apports excessifs de nutriments issus des activités anthropiques, causant des phénomènes d’eutrophisation. Malgré les mesures de gestions mises en place sur les bassins versants, certaines lagunes telles que la lagune de l’Or restent en mauvais état, ce qui met en évidence la nécessité d’améliorer nos connaissances sur le fonctionnement du continuum terre-mer, en y intégrant les apports par les eaux souterraines, peu étudiés jusqu’à présent. Ces travaux de thèse ont donc cherché à compléter les connaissances concernant les deux processus d’apport issus des eaux souterraines : 1) les apports d’eaux souterraines continentales, qui constituent une source exogène de nutriments issus des aquifères et 2) les apports issus de la recirculation de l’eau interstitielle des sédiments, qui remobilisent des nutriments au sein de la lagune. Les investigations se sont concentrées sur la lagune de l’Or. Les travaux sur le bassin versant ont permis de comprendre les interactions entre l’aquifère et les eaux de surface, ainsi que d’estimer la part des flux d’azote et de phosphore issue des eaux souterraines continentales et véhiculée à la lagune à travers les cours d’eau. Au sein de la lagune, les résultats des expérimentations in situ, couplant des mesures de profil de température dans les sédiments et de flux biogéochimiques à l’interface eau/sédiment, indiquent que les processus de recirculation de l’eau interstitielle sont faibles dans ce contexte de mauvais état. Enfin, sur la base de ces travaux et d’une synthèse des connaissances acquises par ailleurs, un bilan de nutriments à l’échelle de la lagune de l’Or a été proposé et a permis de préciser le fonctionnement écologique complexe de cette lagune. Ces travaux de thèse ont contribué à améliorer notre compréhension des processus d’apport en nutriments sur le continuum terre-mer et permettront aux gestionnaires des milieux de prioriser les actions à mener dans un objectif d’atteinte du bon état écologique des lagunes méditerranéennesAt the interface between the continent and the sea, Mediterranean lagoons are vulnerable to excessive nutrient inputs from anthropogenic activities, causing eutrophication of the water bodies. Even management actions have been implemented on the watershed to reduce nutrient fluxes to the coastal zone, some lagoons remain in a bad ecological status according to the Water Frame Directive, highlighting the need for improving our understanding of the land-sea continuum. On the Mediterranean coast, little is known on groundwater inputs, their associated nutrient fluxes and their impact on lagoons in a bad ecological status. The aim of this PhD thesis was to improve our understanding of two main hydrological processes associated with groundwater: 1) continental groundwater inputs, as a new nutrient source to the lagoon from the adjacent aquifers and 2) pore water recirculation, driving nutrient from sediments to the water column through advective water flow, as a regenerated nutrient source. Or lagoon, whose bad ecological status has not improved over the last decade despite management actions, was chosen as a study site. Investigations the watershed revealed that important loads of nitrogen, originating from continental groundwater, was discharged to the lagoon through the streams. Experiments on lagoon sediments suggested that the muddy characteristics of Or lagoon induced low pore water recirculation fluxes. Hence, the majority of groundwater inputs to Or lagoon occurs through the streams from the continental aquifer. An annual nutrient budget enabled to conclude that given the importance of two main contributors (canalette and Rhône to Sète canal), groundwater inputs are not the major nutrient source to Or lagoon. The work carried out in this lagoon in a bad ecological status contributes to improving our understanding of nutrient fluxes on the land-sea continuum, in order to prioritize actions to be implemented to reach a good ecological status on Mediterranean lagoons
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Bardet, Manuela. „Quelles logiques d'insertion dans les pôles de compétitivité ? : Une analyse par les ressources recherchées et les liens mobilisés. les cas des pôles mer paca et pass (2006-2008)“. Thesis, Aix-Marseille 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AIX24022/document.
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Les pôles de compétitivité sont un espace collectif dynamique. Par conséquent, la compréhension de l’intégration des organisations au sein de ce dispositif est stratégique. Cette recherche porte sur les logiques d’insertion des acteurs au sein des pôles. La méthodologie mobilisée est basée sur l’étude qualitative de deux cas : le pôle Mer et le pôle PASS basés en région PACA. Trois niveaux de résultats sont proposés. Un premier niveau concerne l’identification des ressources recherchées par les acteurs lors de leur entrée au sein des pôles, puis, un second niveau permet d’appréhender l’intensité des liens mobilisés par les acteurs lors de leur insertion. Enfin, en nous appuyant sur les ressources recherchées et les liens inter-organisationnels mobilisés par les différents acteurs, un troisième niveau de résultats nous permet d’identifier trois logiques d’insertion : technologique, économique et politiqueClusters are a dynamic collective space. Therefore, understanding the integration of organizations within this system is strategic. This research focuses on logic then insert the actors in the “pôles”. Mobilized the methodology is based on the qualitative study of two cases: the “pôle” PASS and Mer based in the PACA region. Three levels of results are available. The first level concerns the identification of resources sought by the players when they enter in the pin, then a second level, capture both the intensity of ties mobilized by the actors during their insertion. Finally, drawing on the resources sought and inter-organizational linkages mobilized by different actors, a third level of results allows us to identify three logical integration: technological, economic and political
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Juhem, Philippe. „SOS-Racisme : histoire d'une mobilisation "apolitique" : contribution à une analyse des transformations des représentations politiques après 1981“. Phd thesis, Université de Nanterre - Paris X, 1998. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00131701.
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L'émergence d'organisations militantes ou de mouvements politiques nouveaux présente toujours un caractère d'étrangeté et de contingence : pourquoi certains mouvements suscitent-ils un engagement particulièrement fort et rencontrent-ils des soutiens multiples alors que d'autres éprouvent des difficultés à faire parler d'eux et à élargir leur audience au-delà du cercle initial de leurs fondateurs ? Cette thèse portant sur SOS-Racisme – mouvement antiraciste français fondé en 1984 – a donc pour origine une interrogation sur le succès en politique. Pourquoi un groupe de militants syndicaux étudiants relativement marginaux réunis autour de Julien Dray a-t-il souhaité fonder une nouvelle organisation antiraciste, domaine dont ils ignoraient tout ? Comment ont-ils pu rencontrer un succès aussi rapide et quelles ont été les causes de leur déclin relatif ? Comment en outre expliquer que cette mobilisation ait revêtu la forme, discréditée quelques années auparavant, d'un mouvement « apolitique » ? Cette thèse s'efforce de répondre à ces questions en cherchant à lier une interrogation sur les caractéristiques et les motivations des entrepreneurs politiques et un effort pour comprendre les conditions objectives du succès de leur entreprise.Ce travail s'est d'abord intéressé aux conditions de la fondation de SOS. Il s'agissait de comprendre comment d'anciens militants étudiants d'extrême gauche qui se situaient alors à l'aile gauche du PS avaient pu envisager de constituer une organisation se présentant comme « apolitique ». Il s'agissait aussi d'expliquer pourquoi les fondateurs de SOS avaient choisi de constituer leur nouvelle association à ce moment précis alors qu'ils appartenaient déjà à plusieurs organisations partisanes (PS, MJS, Unef-Id). Mené à partir d'entretiens biographiques avec les membres fondateurs (environ une vingtaine, complétés par une cinquantaine d'entretiens de cadres et de militants de l'association), ce travail tend à montrer que les raisons qui ont déterminé la création de SOS provenaient davantage de la position minoritaire qu'occupaient ses fondateurs au sein des organisations dans lesquelles ils militaient et des chances de reclassement qui étaient alors les leurs au sein du PS, que d'une stratégie antiraciste qu'ils auraient poursuivie. La fondation de la nouvelle association répond donc notamment aux contraintes militantes et professionnelles propres à ses futurs dirigeants. Elle a constitué un moyen déterminant de l'accumulation des ressources politiques de ses fondateurs, ressources qui seront ultérieurement reconverties au sein du PS dans la construction d'un nouveau courant, celui de la Nouvelle Ecole Socialiste (NES).
Pourtant, l'analyse des logiques particulières ayant conduit à la formation d'une nouvelle organisation antiraciste ne nous renseignait pas sur les causes de son succès.Ce travail s'attache donc à comprendre les raisons pour lesquelles certaines rédactions avaient initialement consacré autant d'articles et de reportages à une association dont les effectifs et la capacité d'action étaient alors aussi faibles. Il s'agissait de déterminer si la forme adoptée initialement par SOS-Racisme et en particulier l'effort de neutralisation politique mené par sa direction, mais aussi la mise en scène de la spontanéité et de la jeunesse de ses militants, avait pu constituer un élément favorisant l'intérêt surprenant que les journalistes lui ont rapidement manifesté. La constitution d'une base de données des articles ayant été publiés sur l'association dans la presse nationale et la réalisation d'une trentaine d'entretiens auprès des journalistes ayant écrit sur SOS, a permis de déterminer les logiques de la fluctuation des jugements journalistiques portés sur SOS. C'est l'adaptation de la forme adoptée par la nouvelle organisation aux besoins nouveaux de la presse qui va être à l'origine de son succès. En effet, une association antiraciste « apolitique » permet alors à la presse associée à la gauche (Libération, le Matin de Paris, le Nouvel Observateur) de maintenir un positionnement idéologique d'allure progressiste tout en adoptant des stratégies de prise de distance avec leur ancien engagement militant et notamment en rompant avec les pratiques de soutien au gouvernement alors réputées être à l'origine de la baisse des tirages que connaît la presse de gauche. Au contraire, lorsque l'image publique de SOS-Racisme sera de façon croissante associée au PS, à travers la figure de son fondateur Julien Dray, l'appui des journalistes envers SOS s'affaiblira avant que sa mise en cause ne devienne profitable. Le déclin relatif de SOS aura pour origine un retournement de l'attitude de la presse de gauche à son égard lorsque le soutien à l'association ne servira plus les intérêts professionnels des rédactions.
Mais pour rendre compte des conditions structurelles d'émergence d'une entreprise de mobilisation «apolitique» sur la question du racisme, il nous restait à expliquer comment cette mise en forme particulière, difficilement envisageable en 1979 ou en 1980 lorsque l'ensemble des organisations antiracistes s'opposait à la politique d'aide au retour des immigrés du gouvernement de Raymond Barre, devient en 1985 la condition même du succès de la nouvelle association. Il fallait comprendre par quels processus politiques et sociaux, l'accession de la gauche au gouvernement en 1981 avait pu transformer la nature et le contenu de l'offre politique des partis de gauche mais aussi entraîner la « neutralisation » des lignes rédactionnelles des journaux qui en étaient proches et le rétrécissement de l'éventail des thématiques politiques disponibles pour les acteurs sociaux. La baisse de la popularité de tout ce qui apparaît lié au gouvernement et à la gauche va ainsi contraindre les fondateurs de SOS-Racisme à mettre en œuvre une mise en forme « apolitique » de leur nouvelle organisation.
Ce travail entend donc être une contribution à l'analyse des mouvements sociaux et politiques mais aussi à celle du fonctionnement de la presse. Plus généralement, et au-delà du cas historique étudié, cette étude permet de comprendre les relations qui, au tournant des années 80, unissent différents acteurs de la sphère publique : acteurs politiques, journalistes, experts économiques, intellectuels, etc. En montrant comment les transformations de l'offre politique de la gauche avaient pu modifier « l'ambiance » idéologique de la décennie quatre-vingt – c'est-à-dire la fréquence objective d'utilisation des thématiques politiques en raison de leur inégal rendement social – ce travail représente une contribution à l'analyse des conditions de structuration du débat public en France.
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Alexis, Alain. „Etude geotechnique et sedimentologique de souilles et chenaux de la rade de lorient : contribution a la stabilite des sols immerges“. Nantes, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987NANT2033.
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Yacouba, Amani Abdoul Nasser. „Approche multi-géophysique pour la caractérisation de la fracturation et des propriétés de transport des roches carbonatées“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Orléans, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024ORLE1024.
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Dans un contexte de changements globaux et de transitions écologiques et énergétiques, le changement climatique induit une sècheresse récurrente et de crise de la ressource en eau dans plusieurs régions et continents. Il est donc crucial d'étudier les aquifères d'eaux douces afin d'accompagner ces transitions et assurer une gestion et une utilisation durable et raisonnée de cette ressource vitale. En l'occurrence, la zone vadose qui joue un rôle important dans la recharge de ces aquifères et le transfert d'éventuels polluants et d'intrants. La plupart du temps, cette zone non saturée en eau, se caractérise par la présence d'hétérogénéités (structure de pores, fractures, variation minéralogique) multi-échelles notamment lorsqu'il s'agit d'un milieu calcaire. Ces hétérogénéités sont complexifiées par les processus diagenétiques liés principalement à l'altération physico-chimique et minéralogique. La surimposition de ces phénomènes primaires et secondaires rend difficile l'estimation des propriétés pétrophysiques (porosité, perméabilité, saturation en eau) à partir des méthodes géophysiques. Parmi ces méthodes couramment utilisées, les méthodes acoustique et électrique sont bien adaptées car il existe, à priori, un lien étroit entre les hétérogénéités et les propriétés mesurées.Les travaux de recherche menés dans le cadre de cette thèse s'appuient ainsi sur une approche multi-géophysique permettant de mieux caractériser un réservoir carbonaté complexe en se basant notamment sur une analyse pétrophysique combinée à une description microstructurale fine.Dans ce travail, nous avons démontré l'influence de la microstructure sur la prédiction et la modélisation des propriétés pétroacoustiques ce qui conduit à une bonne discrimination de certains faciès, utile pour améliorer les modèles de simulation d'écoulements. De plus, ce travail a aussi permis de montrer la pertinence de la conductivité complexe dans la caractérisation des calcaires et la prédiction de leur perméabilité. Cependant, des développements supplémentaires sont nécessaires concernant la problématique du changement d'échelles des réservoirs complexes et hétérogènesIn a context of global changes and ecological and energy transitions, climate change induces recurrent drought and water resource crisis in several regions and continents. It is crucial to study groundwaters in order to support these transitions and ensure effective management and use of this vital resource. In particular, the vadose zone which plays an important role in the recharge of these groundwaters and the transfer of possible pollutants and inputs. Most of the time this unsaturated zone is characterized by multi-scale heterogeneities (e.g., pore structure, fractures, mineralogical variation) particularly in a limestone environment. These heterogeneities are complexified by diagenetic processes linked mainly to physicochemical and mineralogical alteration which leads to uncertainty in reservoir property (e.g., porosity, permeability, water saturation) estimation from geophysical methods. Among these methods, acoustic and electrical methods are well suited because of the strong relation between heterogeneities and the measured properties.This thesis relies on a multi-geophysical approach in order to better characterize a complex carbonate reservoir using petrophysical measurements combined with microstructural descriptions. Based on this approach, we demonstrated the influence of rock structure on the prediction and modeling of petroacoustic properties. This work leads to a good discrimination of some facies, which can be used to improve simulation and flow models. In addition, we demonstrate the relevance of complex conductivity measurements in limestone characterization and permeability prediction. However, additional developments are needed to understand the upscaling problematic for heterogeneous and complex reservoirs
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Drahi, Patricia. „L’expérience de l’enseignement de la Shoah en France par des professeurs de collège et de lycée : un analyseur de l’expertise professionnelle face à une question socialement vive“. Thesis, Paris 10, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA100077/document.
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Depuis le début des années 2000, l’enseignement de la Shoah est perçu en France comme une question socialement vive susceptible de déréguler les pratiques de classe. Cette thèse en sciences de l’éducation étudie l’expérience de l’enseignement de la Shoah des profes-seurs du secondaire en France. En s’appuyant sur 30 entretiens semi-directifs, la recherche montre, de l’intérieur, comment les professeurs interrogés perçoivent cet enseignement, ses difficultés et s’intéresse aux réponses déployées par les interrogés. Les résultats montrent les difficultés provenant du côté des élèves : saturation présumée, antisémitisme, concur-rence des mémoires, mais aussi concurrence entre les savoirs sociaux et le savoir scolaire. Du côté des enseignants, apparaît également la vivacité de la question, divisant davantage qu’elle ne fédère les membres de l’équipe éducative. De plus, l’impact émotionnel sur l’enseignant que la confrontation entre savoir scolaire et savoir social véhiculé par les élèves peut engendrer, accentue les difficultés rencontrées. Les professeurs qui montrent une assu-rance dans cet enseignement révèlent au travers des récits de vie de classe, qu’ils investis-sent pleinement le pôle didactique et le pôle pédagogique de la fonction de professeur. Aller à la rencontre de ce savoir social avec bienveillance et exigence, faire dire mais ne pas lais-ser dire amènent ces professeurs à répondre dans le cadre d’un savoir historique, précis et rigoureux qui refuse la dérive relativiste ou normative (Legardez, 2006). L’énoncé de repères éthiques et citoyens, une vigilance quant à la gestion de l’émotion dans la classe y compris de celle de l’enseignant, participent aussi au cadre construit par les professeurs. Ainsi ces derniers alternent entre le pôle didactique le pôle pédagogique, ce qui leur permet de rentrer dans « le fonctionnement improvisationnel de l’enseignant expert » (Tochon, 1993). L’enseignement de la Shoah dans certaines situations sensibles est assimilé à un combat. Une typologie inspirée des travaux de Jacques Pain (1992) sur la régulation de la violence délinquante par les arts martiaux émerge : combattant stratège, combattant intrépide, com-battant émotif, ou témoin distancié sont les différentes figures enseignantes qui se dégagent de cette rechercheSince the beginning of the 2000’s, teaching Shoah has been perceived as a deep social is-sue in France which may well change the rules of classroom practices. This thesis studies the experience of teaching the Shoah from the point of view of secondary school teachers. Drawing from 30 semi-directive interviews, this research in education shows from the inside how the teachers questioned perceive this teaching and its difficulties. This thesis shows how teachers deal with this issue from an educational point of view and the answers they provide. The results underline difficulties stemming from “the pupils’ point of view”: presumed satura-tion, anti-Semitism, competition between memoirs, but also competition between social backgrounds and school knowledge. “From the teachers’ point of view” the intensity of the issue is also present, dividing more than federating the members of the educational team. Moreover, the emotional impact on the teacher concerning the confrontation between school knowledge and social background conveyed by pupils can create and increase the difficulties encountered. The teachers who show confidence in this teaching have disclosed through classroom stories that they fully invest the didactic pole and the educational pole of their po-sition. In doing so, they hail, welcome and accept the social background with the necessary benevolence and unstructured consciousness that this entails. Helping pupils express them-selves but not letting them talk without knowing helps the teacher answer questions in a precise and rigorous historical framework and is against relativistic or normative drifting as defined by Legardez (2006). The framework of ethical and citizen indicators as far as the management of emotions in the classroom is concerned (including the teacher's emotions) also part of the framework built by the teacher. Thus, these latter alternate between the di-dactic pole and educational pole and enable them to bring in and adopt the improvisational operation mode of the expert instructor as defined by Tochon (1993). In some sensitive situa-tions, the teaching of the Shoah is compared to a fight. A typology inspired by Jacques Pain's thoughts concerning the regulation of delinquent violence through martial arts has emerged: the strategist fighter, the dauntless fighter, the emotional fighter or the aloof witnesses are the various teaching figures that have emerged from this research
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Ducos, Pascale Laurence. „Poétique de la chronique dramatique de Catulle Mendès (1895-1897)“. Thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2012/28945/28945.pdf.
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Payet, Linda. „Viscoélasticité et structure de gels à base de chitosane - Relations avec les propriétés diffusionnelles de macromolécules dans ces biogels“. Phd thesis, Université Paris-Diderot - Paris VII, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00011265.
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Dans ce travail, nous présentons une étude de biogels à base de chaînes de chitosane (polyélectrolyte naturel de la famille des polysaccharides) réticulées chimiquement en solution aqueuse. Notre objectif est double : caractériser la structure de ces gels et comprendre comment s'y déroule la diffusion de masse. À partir de mesures de spectroscopie mécanique, nous avons montré que l'on pouvait moduler la cinétique de formation et la structure de ces hydrogels en fonction de la masse molaire et la concentration de chitosane, du pH et de la teneur en POE (polyoxyéthylène). Ces résultats ont été confirmés par la détermination de la longueur de corrélation entre points d'enchevêtrements des hydrogels à l'aide de mesures de diffusion de neutrons aux petits angles. Nous avons ensuite étudié la diffusion de macromolécules fluorescentes de dextran en fonction de leur masse molaire dans les réseaux de chitosane réticulé ou non-réticulé à l'aide de la technique de recouvrement de fluorescence après photolyse par réseau de franges (FRAP). L'évolution du coefficient de diffusion avec la masse molaire de dextran en loi de puissance avec un exposant -1 dans les solutions de chitosane a permis de proposer une diffusion de type Rouse. Dans les gels de chitosane, nous avons clairement mis en évidence le passage entre une diffusion semblable à celle dans les solutions et une dynamique bloquée à partir d'une masse molaire critique de dextran.