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Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Polysaccharides fongiques“
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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "Polysaccharides fongiques"
Asselin, A. „Quelques enzymes végétales à potentiel antimicrobien“. Phytoprotection 74, Nr. 1 (12.04.2005): 3–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/706032ar.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDissertationen zum Thema "Polysaccharides fongiques"
Gandon, Corinne. „Etude biochimique et activité biologique de polysaccharides et glycoconjugués fongiques“. Lyon 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998LYO10139.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleRouhier, Philippe. „Etude biochimique et activité biologique de polysaccharides et glycoconjugués fongiques“. Lyon 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993LYO10016.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleCharlet, Rogatien. „Rôle des polysaccharides fongiques et du microbiote intestinal dans la clairance digestive de Candida glabrata“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lille (2022-....), 2022. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/ToutIDP/EDBSL/2022/2022ULILS025.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleCrohn's disease (CD) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the intestine caused by dysbiosis and dysregulation of the immune response in genetically-susceptible individuals. Experimental and clinical studies suggest that certain microorganisms in the intestinal microbiota play a major role in the triggering or maintenance of inflammation associated with CD. These microorganisms include commensal yeasts of the genus Candida, which increase significantly in the digestive tract of patients with CD. In this context, our group studied the role of fungal cell wall components in the regulation of intestinal inflammation. In the case of Candida glabrata, these studies showed that fungal chitin is capable of attenuating inflammation while reducing fungal proliferation in a murine model of chemically-induced colitis. In this same model, we also showed that the intestinal bacterial biodiversity decreases gradually as colitis develops and that this decrease is correlated with an increase in proliferation of C. glabrata. In addition, the addition of chitin modifies the intestinal microbiota in favour of the anaerobic bacteria Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron and Lactobacillus johnsonii. As a result, and in this same model, oral administration of these two anaerobic bacteria revealed that they participate in the same way as chitin in the attenuation of intestinal inflammation and the reduction of disease-causing populations.However, the mechanisms that regulate the interaction between Candida and anaerobic bacteria, as well as the molecular determinants brought into play, remain to be characterised. The first part of our work studied the metabolites involved in the interaction between anaerobic bacteria and colonic epithelial cells of mice. These studies showed that oleic acid (OA), alone or combined with palmitic acid (PA), had notable anti-inflammatory properties by reducing the expression of several inflammatory markers expressed by Caco-2 cells exposed to DSS (dextran-sulphate sodium). Our investigations also demonstrated that the action of OA on macrophages induced an increase in expression of IL-10 and a decrease in diverse pro-inflammatory markers, probably linked to the recognition of OA by the receptors FFARs and AhR. These fatty acids also had inhibitory properties on biofilm formation, adherence and fungal viability. All of these properties were confirmed in a murine model of DSS-induced colitis where the oral administration of these two fatty acids attenuated inflammation by reducing the proliferation of C. glabrata and disease-causing bacterial populations.In the second part of this project, our investigations confirmed the anti-inflammatory and immunomodulating properties of chitin administered curatively (by intra-peritoneal administration) to mice with DSS-induced colitis. This treatment induced a decrease in inflammatory parameters (clinical and histological scores) and the expression of cytokines and pro-inflammatory mediators, leading to a decrease in the fungal and aerobic bacterial load in the faeces. Mice, pretreated with chitin (administered subcutaneously) prior to their exposure to DSS, were protected against digestive colonisation by C. glabrata. Although this is a significant result, the mechanisms that lead to fungal clearance associated with this treatment are unknown. Our data show that this preventive treatment induces antibodies directed against chitin. However, and contrary to curative treatment, this treatment does not reduce intestinal inflammation
Bulone, Vincent. „Etude des glycanes pariétaux de Saprolegnia monoica et caractérisation biochimique et immunologique de leurs enzymes de synthèse“. Lyon 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992LYO10246.
Der volle Inhalt der QuellePoissy, Julien. „Glycannes fongiques circulant dans le sérum des patients de réanimation. Analyse de l’intérêt clinique et développement de méthodes physico-chimiques de détection/caractérisation“. Thesis, Lille 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LIL2S022/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe rapidity of the diagnosis of candidaemia and invasive candidiasis (IC) is crucial to allow the early introduction of antigungal therapy. This one is often delayed because Candida yeasts are found in blood culture, the gold standard diagnostic test, in only 50% of cases of IC and several days are needed to have this result. Complementary methods relie on the detection of Candida cell wall polysaccharids in the serum, β-glucans (BDG) and mannans (Man). Our objectives were to : a) determine the signification and clinical interest of the detection of BDG and Man in intensive care b) take part in the analysis of the interest of a mass spectrometry (MS) technic in development which aim to detect/caracterize circulant fongic glycans. Materials and Methods : a) For the clinical case-control study, the BDG and Man kinetics in relation with candidaemia were evaluated in 41 candidemic patients, and were compared to the kinetic observed in 67 non candidemic patients, hospitalised in the same ward and assessed weekly for yeast colonisation b) a MALDI-MS method was applied to sera after selective extraction of glycans and compared to standards. Results : BDG at the recommanded cut-off is a sensitive and precoce but non specific test for the diagnosis of candidemia in ICU. It does not seem to be affected by the colonisation, but its very slow decrease limits its usefulness for the management of the treatment. At the opposite, Man is very specific but not sensitive. Modulating the cut-off of BDG, it is possible to propose a decisional algorithm for preemptive therapy based on the sequential use of BDG and Man. b) MALDI-MS reveals a signal at position m/z 365, corresponding to a disaccharid (among which is trehalose), associated to human and experimental IC. In preliminary studies this test seems to have good sensitiity and specificity for the diagnosis of IC as well as for other fungal infections. Conclusion : a) BDG is a sensitive test, Man is a specific one, and their joint use could be useful for an early diagnosis of IC and a rationalization of the antifungal treatment. b) The application of MALDI-MS method to the detection/caracterisation of circulating glycans seems to present an important potential to replace or complete the current available diagnostic tools of IC
Raynaud, Jean-Pierre. „Etude d'un nouvel exopolysaccharide fongique : identification de la souche productrice ; optimisation de la production ; propriétés physico-chimiques du polymère“. Toulouse 3, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987TOU30313.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBEAUVAIS, ANNE. „Les polysaccharides de la paroi fongique : regulation de leur synthese et ses implications immunologiques“. Paris 6, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA066032.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSánchez, Maribel Pacheco. „Polysaccharides ayant une activité immunomodulatrice chez les champignons indigènes du Québec“. Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/18576.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBennati-Granier, Chloe. „Nouvelles enzymes fongiques pour l'amélioration de la dégradation de la biomasse lignocellulosique : étude des "Lytic Polysaccharide Monooxygenases" (LPMOs)“. Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AIXM4001.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn the current context, it becomes essential to make alternative to oil, such as the 2G bioethanol, available at large scale. However, the hydrolysis step by Trichoderma reesei enzymes remains the major bottleneck for an economically sustainable process. The present work is part of the Futurol project, and aims at identifying and characterizing new fungal enzymes to improve the hydrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass. From the proteomic data available for Podospora anserina and Fusarium verticillioides, a dozen of interesting enzymes were identified in their secretomes. This work focuses, mainly, on the AA9s « Lytic Polysaccharide Monooxygenases » (LPMOs) from P. anserina. Among all the LPMOs studied, PaLPMO9A, PaLPMO9E and PaLPMO9H that harbored a CBM1 were the most active on cellulose. Investigation of their regioselective mode of action revealed that PaLPMO9A and PaLPMO9H oxidatively cleaved at both C1 and C4 positions while PaLPMO9E released only C1-oxidized products. PaLPMO9H that was the most versatile in terms of substrate specificity as it also displayed activity on cello-oligosaccharides and β-(1,4)-linked hemicellulose polysaccharides (e.g., xyloglucan, glucomannan). The hydrolysis yield of the pretreated miscanthus was significantly improved up to 2 fold, when the PaLPMO9E, or PaLPMO9H were supplemented to the T. reesei cocktail. This work demonstrated the importance of these oxidative enzymes for lignocellulose deconstruction by fungi. These biocatalysts open new prospects to improve the enzymatic conversion of plant biomass for 2G bioethanol production
ZENTZ, FREDERIC. „Analyse conformationnelle en solution d'un polysaccharide de fermentation fongique (schizophyllane). Denaturation et degradation par alcalinisation et traitement thermique“. Paris 6, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA066391.
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