Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Polluants organiques – Recyclage“
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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "Polluants organiques – Recyclage"
Trouvé, E., und S. Belloir. „Un procédé de fractionnement innovant au coeur du développement des stations d’épuration durables de demain“. Techniques Sciences Méthodes, Nr. 4 (April 2019): 37–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/tsm/201904037.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDissertationen zum Thema "Polluants organiques – Recyclage"
Zhang, Yuan. „Modélisation de la dynamique des micropolluants organiques pendant le compostage : Application pour le recyclage de déchets en France et la bioremédiation d'un sol pollué en Chine“. Phd thesis, AgroParisTech, 2011. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00780958.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleGherdaoui, Chems Eddine. „Traitement par voie radiative des composés aromatiques organochlorés“. Thesis, Lille 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LIL1R080.
Der volle Inhalt der QuellePolychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) refer to a family of high molecular weight organochlorine compounds formed from two benzene rings substituted with chlorine atoms. Their physicochemical properties have led to the use of these products mainly as dielectric fluids in electrical transformers. Because of their toxicity, the production and use of PCBs has been banned since 1987.The aim of this thesis is to develop a clean inactivation process by UV-Visible light driven photodegradation of chlorinated aromatic compounds of the PCB family. The study aims to achieve an overall PCB concentration of less than 50 milligrams per kilogram of transformer oil, while maintaining the chemical and physical properties of the oil after processing. To this end, we have developed a methodology for the identification of PCBs and the monitoring of the evaluation of their respective contents through analytical methods such as nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) and gas chromatography (GC) coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS)
Gherdaoui, Chems Eddine. „Traitement par voie radiative des composés aromatiques organochlorés“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lille (2018-2021), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LILUR080.
Der volle Inhalt der QuellePolychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) refer to a family of high molecular weight organochlorine compounds formed from two benzene rings substituted with chlorine atoms. Their physicochemical properties have led to the use of these products mainly as dielectric fluids in electrical transformers. Because of their toxicity, the production and use of PCBs has been banned since 1987.The aim of this thesis is to develop a clean inactivation process by UV-Visible light driven photodegradation of chlorinated aromatic compounds of the PCB family. The study aims to achieve an overall PCB concentration of less than 50 milligrams per kilogram of transformer oil, while maintaining the chemical and physical properties of the oil after processing. To this end, we have developed a methodology for the identification of PCBs and the monitoring of the evaluation of their respective contents through analytical methods such as nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) and gas chromatography (GC) coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS)
Haider, Kawssar Mujtaba. „Role of the organic waste products reactivity in secondary organic aerosol formation“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lille (2022-....), 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022ULILR068.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleRecycling of organic waste products (OWP) as agricultural fertilizers is nowadays expanding as a more sustainable and eco-friendly approach compared to the traditional methods of waste disposal. However, OWP spreading may release various pollutants such as volatile organic compounds (VOC), which adversely affect the ecosystem and human health through ozone production and may serve as critical precursors of atmospheric secondary organic aerosols (SOA). The measurement of VOCs emitted by OWPs is therefore essential to assess their environmental and human health impact and, furthermore, to fundamentally understand the associated SOA formation mechanisms, which remain to date poorly documented. With this aim, we studied the VOC emissions from various sewage sludge (SS) samples, animal manure (cow, horse, sheep and goat) and digestate biowastes, along with their gas-phase oxidation products due to ozonolysis reactions. With the development of an experimental set-up consisting of atmospheric simulation chambers combined with mass spectrometric techniques, it has become possible to characterize the VOC emissions and follow the process of new particle formation (NPF) upon ozonolysis. We used proton transfer reaction quadrupole-ion-guide time-of-flight mass spectrometry (PTR-QiTOF-MS) and thermal desorption - gas chromatography - mass spectrometry (TD-GC-MS) techniques to identify and quantify the VOC emissions from each sample. In addition, we studied the chemical composition of SOA using two-step laser mass spectrometry (L2MS). Our results showed that sewage sludge, animal manure and digestate biowaste samples emitted a large spectrum of VOCs where 380, 385 and 221 compounds were detected and quantified, respectively. The assigned VOCs were classified into different chemical families: hydrocarbons, oxygenated, sulphuric, nitrogenated, and "other" compounds (containing distinct heteroatoms in the molecular formula). Sewage sludge samples were characterized by high emission flux of hydrocarbons such as aromatic compounds (phenol, indoles and skatole), terpenes (isoprene, D-limonene, sesquiterpenes, etc.). Oxygenated compounds (e.g., ethanol, butanone, cresol, acetic acid, phenol) were highly emitted from digestate biowastes and manure samples. Nitrogenated compounds (ammonia, trimethylamine, skatole, etc.) and sulphur compounds (methanethiol, DMS, DMDS, etc.) were also found in this work. Significant skatole emissions were estimated from undigested SS and digestate biowastes. The ozonolysis of skatole resulted in the formation of 2-acetyl phenyl formamide identified as the main skatole ozonolysis product. The NPF mechanism was demonstrated. Our findings imply that during OWPs spreading, skatole is an important potential contributor to the formation of new particles under atmospherically relevant conditions. The results of this work would advance our knowledge of VOCs and their impact on SOA formation and would be helpful in understanding the OWP emission characteristics and designing effective emission control strategies
Gripon, Layla. „Contribution au recyclage et à la valorisation des matières plastiques issues des déchets d’équipements électriques et électroniques contenant des retardateurs de flamme bromés“. Thesis, Ecole nationale supérieure Mines-Télécom Lille Douai, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020MTLD0014.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBrominated flame retardants (BFR) are added to polymers to enhance their flammability resistance. But some of them are nowadays considered as persistent organic pollutants (POP). To avoid their propagation into recycling streams, plastic materials which bromine concentration is too high (> 2000 ppm) are generally incinerated to destroy the pollutants they contain. The objective of this work is to find a solution to recycle BFR containing plastics materials while respecting the regulations. The study is focused on an acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) batch coming from real waste electrical and electronic equipment which contains a POP concentration about four times higher than the regulation limit authorizing recycling. Physico-chemical methods were studied to extract BFR. Solid-liquid extractions with stirring and diethyl ether as well as the dissolution-precipitation method lowered the POP concentration under the regulatory limit. A detailed study on supercritical CO2 extraction was performed and showed its efficiency to remove BFR, but optimizations are still needed. The recycling environmental impacts were also evaluated considering the pre-treatment processes studied previously. The energy and solvent consumptions need to be optimized in order to make the recycling process more viable compared to incineration. The treated plastic material showed that it can be easily recycled. Nevertheless, its impact strength could be improved during a formulation step. Finally, a practical application of this material in a bilayer structure was proposed to enhance its mechanical and esthetic properties. Good adhesions were obtained with virgin ABS and ABS/PC materials guaranteeing satisfactory properties to the bilayer structure
Gineys, Mickael. „Régénération électrochimique de carbones nanoporeux utilisés pour le piégeage de micropolluants“. Thesis, Orléans, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ORLE2020.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDue to their developed porosity, the activated carbons are efficient for the removal of organic micropollutants at trace concentration. They find an important place in wastewater treatment for water decontamination. Nevertheless, the adsorption of these compounds leads to the adsorbent saturation and therefore makes the process irreversible. We have developed an electrochemical process which is able to operate to the in situ adsorbent regeneration. The process applicability was assessed on a wide range of micropollutants, found in the treated effluents. These molecules are adsorbed in the ultramicropores through π-π interactions. The electrochemical regeneration of the loaded adsorbent is performed by applying a polarization, which generates an electrically charged carbon surface and induced an electrostatic field between the two electrodes. The electrochemical decomposition of the electrolyte inside the porosity, leads to local pH effects which are responsible of the dissociation of the adsorbed molecule. The desorption under polarization implies electrostatic repulsions between the polarized carbon surface and the dissociated pollutant. This regeneration process can be broadened to numerous micropollutants and shows an efficiency which depends on the adsorbat nature. We have shown that the desorption of small pollutants which are easily ionisable and soluble is promoted. High desorption levels until 80 % after four desorption cycle are indeed reported. A part of the adsorbed molecules is trapped irreversibly either because they are blocked in the ultramicropores or due to the micropollutant adsorption at high energy sites and/or through specific strong interactions. For example, the porosity obstruction caused by a voluminous molecule leads to the decrease of the regeneration efficiency along the cycles repetition