Dissertationen: „POINTS OF CONSUMPTION“

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Venkateswaran, Prabhakar. „Measurements and modeling of turbulent consumption speeds of syngas fuel blends“. Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/47561.

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Increasingly stringent emission requirements and dwindling petroleum reserves have generated interest in expanding the role of synthesis gas (syngas) fuels in power generation applications. Syngas fuels are the product of gasifying organic-based feedstock such as coal and biomass and are composed of mainly H₂ and CO. However, the use of syngas fuels in lean premixed gas turbine systems has been limited in part because the behavior of turbulent flames in these mixtures at practical gas turbine operating conditions are not well understood. This thesis presents an investigation of the influence of fuel composition and pressure on the turbulent consumption speed, ST,GC, and the turbulent flame brush thickness, FBT, for these mixtures. ST,GC and FBT are global parameters which represent the average rate of conversion of reactants to products and the average heat release distribution of the turbulent flame respectively. A comprehensive database of turbulent consumption speed measurements obtained at pressures up to 20 atm and H₂/CO ratios of 30/70 to 90/10 by volume is presented. There are two key findings from this database. First, mixtures of different H₂/CO ratios but with the same un-stretched laminar flame speeds, SL,0, exposed to the same turbulence intensities, u'rms , have different turbulent consumption speeds. Second, higher pressures augment the turbulent consumption speed when SL,0 is held constant across pressures and H₂/CO ratios. These observations are attributed to the mixture stretch sensitivities, which are incorporated into a physics-based model for the turbulent consumption speed using quasi-steady leading points concepts. The derived scaling law closely resembles Damkhler's classical turbulent flame speed scaling, except that the maximum stretched laminar flame speed, SL,max, arises as the normalizing parameter. Scaling the ST,GC data by SL,max shows good collapse of the data at fixed pressures, but systematic differences between data taken at different pressures are observed. These differences are attributed to non-quasi-steady chemistry effects, which are quantified with a Damkhler number defined as the ratio of the chemical time scale associated with SL,max and a fluid mechanic time scale. The observed scatter in the normalized turbulent consumption speed data correlates very well with this Damkhler number, suggesting that ST,GC can be parameterized by u'rms/SL,max and the leading point Damkhler number. Finally, a systematic investigation of the influence of pressure and fuel composition on the flame brush thickness is presented. The flame brush thickness is shown to be independent of the H₂/CO ratio if SL,0 is held constant across the mixtures. However, increasing the equivalence ratio for lean mixtures at a constant H₂/CO ratio, results in a thicker flame brush. Increasing the pressure is shown to augment the flame brush thickness, a result which has not been previously reported in the literature. Classical correlations based on turbulent diffusion concepts collapse the flame brush thickness data obtained at fixed u'rms/U₀ and pressure reasonably well, but systematic differences exist between the data at different u'rms/U₀ and pressures.

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Dunbäck, Otto, und Simon Gidlöf. „Verification of hybrid operation points“. Thesis, Department of Electrical Engineering, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-19932.

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This thesis is an approach to improve a two-mode hybrid electric vehicle, which is currently under development by GM, with respect to fuel consumption. The study is not only restricted to the specific two-mode HEV but also presents results regarding parallel as well as serial HEV’s. GM whishes to verify if the online-based controller in the prototype vehicle utilizes the most of the HEV ability and if there is more potential to lower the fuel consumption. The purpose is that the results and conclusions from this work are to be implemented in the controller to further improve the vehicle’s performance. To analyze the behavior of the two-mode HEV and to see where improvements can be made, models of its driveline and components are developed with a focuson losses and efficiency. The models are implemented in MATLAB together with an optimization algorithm based on Dynamic Programming. The models are validated against data retrieved from the prototype vehicle and various cases with different inputs is set up and optimized over the NEDC cycle. Compensation for cold starts and NOx emissions are also implemented in the final model. Deliberate simplifications are made regarding the modeling of the power split’s functionality due to the limited amount of time available for this thesis. The optimizations show that there is potential to lower the fuel consumptionfor the two-mode HEV. The results are further analyzed and the behavior of the engine, motors/generators and battery are compared with recorded data from a prototype vehicle and summarized to a list of suggestions to improve fuel economy.

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Hogan, John Albert. „Data points and duration needed for estimating fuel consumption of a LPG engine /“. Available to subscribers only, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1328058101&sid=31&Fmt=2&clientId=1509&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Malisani, Paul. „Pilotage dynamique de l'énergie du bâtiment par commande optimale sous contraintes utilisant la pénalisation intérieure“. Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2012. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00740044.

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Dans cette thèse, une méthode de résolution de problèmes de commande optimale non linéaires sous contraintes d'état et de commande. Cette méthode repose sur l'adaptation des méthodes de points intérieurs, utilisées en optimisation de dimension finie, à la commande optimale. Un choix constructif de fonctions de pénalisation intérieure est fourni dans cette thèse. On montre que ce choix permet d'approcher la solution d'un problème de commande optimale sous contraintes en résolvant une suite de problèmes de commande optimale sans contraintes dont les solutions sont simplement caractérisées par les conditions de stationnarité du calcul des variations.Deux études dans le domaine de la gestion de l'énergie dans les bâtiments sont ensuite conduites. La première consiste à quantifier la durée maximale d'effacement quotidien du chauffage permettant de maintenir la température intérieure dans une certaine bande de confort, et ce pour différents types de bâtiments classés de mal à bien isolés. La seconde étude se concentre sur les bâtiments BBC et consiste à quantifier la capacité de ces bâtiments à réaliser des effacements électriques complets du chauffage de 6h00 à 22h00 tout en maintenant, là encore, la température intérieure dans une bande de confort. Cette étude est réalisée sur l'ensemble de la saison de chauffe.

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Жужгов, А. И., und A. I. Zhuzhgov. „Разработка web-приложения решения задачи оптимизации затрат на перевозку продукции : магистерская диссертация“. Master's thesis, б. и, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10995/99886.

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Объектом исследования является процесс транспортных перевозок. Предметом исследования выступают пункты потребления и пункты производства, автоматизация системы расчета оптимальной стоимости перевозки. Поставленные задачи: 1. Возможность ввода, корректировки и сохранения вариантов расчёта по оптимизации. 2. Отображение результатов расчета в графическом виде на пользовательской форме. Целью данной работы является создание информационного Web-приложения, который позволит рассчитывать оптимальную стоимость перевозки продукции, предоставлять пользователю результаты расчета в графическом виде. Научная новизна полученных в работе результатов заключается в применении нового метода эффективной организации и ведения специализированного алгоритмического и программного обеспечения решения задачи оптимизации затрат на перевозку продукции, ориентированного на повышение эффективности управления процессами грузоперевозок с использованием современных методов обработки информации: использование гибкой методологии разработки (Agile) и таск-трекера Atlassian JIRA для ведения проекта, взаимодействия с заказчиком во время разработки, отслеживания ошибок, визуального отображения задач и мониторинга процесса их выполнения; функциональное моделирование процессов для реализации web-приложения решения задачи оптимизации затрат на перевозку продукции на основе методологии IDEF0 и средства реализации Ramus Educational; использование методики коллективного владения программным кодом на основе сервиса (удаленного репозитория) Atlassian Bitbucket. Практическая значимость результатов заключается в том, что разработанное программное обеспечение позволит: производить расчёт оптимальной себестоимости транспортных перевозок для любого количества пунктов производства; специалистам транспортно-логистического операционного отдела сократить время на формирование отчетных документов, сократить время поиска необходимой фактической отчетной информации за счет реализации эргономичного web-интерфейса; специалистам отдела сопровождения информационных систем предоставляет условия для снижения трудозатрат на сопровождение, совершенствование и развитие системы с учетом пожеланий пользователей. Результаты работы могут быть использованы также в учебном процессе для обучения бакалавров и магистрантов по направлению «Информационные системы и технологии».
The object of the research is the process of transportation. The subject of the research is points of consumption and points of production, automation of the system for calculating the optimal cost of transportation. Assigned tasks: 1. Possibility of entering, adjusting and saving options for the calculation of optimization. 2. Displaying the calculation results in a graphical form on the user form. The purpose of this work is to create an information Web-application that will allow you to calculate the optimal cost of transportation of products, provide the user with the results of the calculation in a graphical form. The scientific novelty of the results obtained in the work lies in the application of a new method of effective organization and maintenance of specialized algorithmic and software solutions for the optimization of the cost of transportation of products, focused on improving the efficiency of management of cargo transportation processes using modern information processing methods: the use of flexible development methodology (Agile) and the Atlassian JIRA task tracker for project management, interaction with the customer during development, tracking errors, visual display of tasks and monitoring the process of their implementation; functional modeling of processes for the implementation of a web-application for solving the problem of optimizing the costs of transportation of products based on the IDEF0 methodology and Ramus Educational tools; using the method of collective ownership of the program code based on the service (remote repository) Atlassian Bitbucket. The practical significance of the results lies in the fact that the developed software will allow: to calculate the optimal cost of transportation for any number of points of production; for specialists of the transport and logistics operations department, to reduce the time for the formation of reporting documents, to reduce the time to search for the necessary actual reporting information due to the implementation of an ergonomic web interface; for specialists of the information systems support department, it provides conditions for reducing labor costs for maintaining, improving and developing the system, taking into account the wishes of users. The results of the work can also be used in the educational process for training bachelors and undergraduates in the direction "Information systems and technologies".

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Silvaggio, Anthony Vincent. „The forest defense movement, 1980-2005 : resistance at the point of extraction, consumption, and production /“. view abstract or download file of text, 2005. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/uoregon/fullcit?p3190548.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2005.
Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 290-302). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to University of Oregon users.

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Campbell, Diane L. „The influence of aerobic exercise on double product break point in low to moderate risk adults“. Muncie, Ind. : Ball State University, 2009. http://cardinalscholar.bsu.edu/641.

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Bain, Nicolas Charles Patrick. „Traffic models from a velocity point of view and implementation of traffic conditions in excess fuel consumption estimates“. Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/99591.

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Thesis: S.M., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2015.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 157-161).
The estimation of excess fuel consumption due to pavement - vehicle interactions (PVI) is receiving an increasing amount of attention, for it has major economic and ecological implications for the design and maintenance of road networks. As any dissipative mechanisms, the ones we find in the interaction of the pavement and the vehicles are highly dependent on the velocity of the agents in the system, hence the travelling speed of the vehicles. In this work, we propose a coupling of mechanistic dissipative models with evaluation of velocity profiles which shall enable a higher accuracy in the prediction of excess fuel consumption. We focus our attention on the simulation of the probability density functions associated with the velocity of vehicles on a single lane road, for agent-based and cellular automata models. While our approach neglects the influence of lane interactions on the velocity probability distribution, this simulation-based method enables us to obtain predictions of the dissipation resulting from both deflection and roughness of the pavement on any highway segment as a function of the traffic flow. It is shown that taking into account the presence of traffic jams instead of assuming all vehicles traveling at maximum velocity, as is done to obtain usual estimates, increases the deflection-induced dissipation per vehicle per traveled length and reduces the roughness-induced one. This difference is, however, shown to lose in magnitude when the temperature of the environment increases.
by Nicolas Charles Patrick Bain.
S.M.

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Graham, Fiona. „Development and evaluation of a point-of-choice intervention to increase healthy and environmentally friendly food consumption : an intervention mapping approach“. Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2018. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/22330/.

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Ndembe, Elvis Mokake. „Offsetting Behavior and the Benefits of Food Safety Policies in Vegetable Preparation and Consumption“. Thesis, North Dakota State University, 2007. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/29801.

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Foodbome disease outbreaks have a tremendous impact on society, including foodbome illnesses, hospitalizations, lost work time, and deaths. These food-safety events have a significant influence in shaping consumers' perception of risk. Outbreaks of foodbome illnesses also have an effect on the development of public health policy. Due to these safety-related uncertainties in the food supply chain, various regulatory, safety, and health policies are implemented to decrease harm to potential victims. The total effect of such food-safety policies looked at in terms of reduction of foodbome illness, mortality, and food-related diseases may possibly be smaller than the forecasted effect because of failure to consider offsetting behavior. Attenuation and possibly reversal of the direct policy effect on expected injuries may arise because of offsetting behavior. This study combines both theoretical and empirical models to test the presence of dominant or partial offsetting behavior (OB) in the preparation and consumption of vegetables if a food-safety policy such as the Pathogen Reduction/Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (PR/HACCP) is mandated in the vegetable sector. Our findings indicate that food-safety information that has an effect on outrage and locus of control, both factors which have an effect on consumers' perception of risk, will lead consumers to become lax in response to this food-safety policy.

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Bone, Melissa. „How can the lens of human rights provide a new perspective on drug control and point to different ways of regulating drug consumption?“ Thesis, University of Manchester, 2015. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/how-can-the-lens-of-human-rights-provide-a-new-perspective-on-drug-control-and-point-to-different-ways-of-regulating-drug-consumption(f9b8433a-5867-4e7c-a101-103041701b3a).html.

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When exploring the interplay between drug policy and human rights, commentators tend to adopt a harm reductionist approach, and centre their research on rectifying the vast amount of human rights violations carried out in the name of drug control. These violations include the use of the death penalty, the infliction of torture, and the denial of basic healthcare, to name but a few. Though this approach ameliorates some of the worst effects resulting from prohibition, a harm reductionist approach can only ever perpetuate the current regime. The thesis puts forth an alternative human rights perspective, one which explores the human rights of individuals to consume psychoactives, to challenge the moral hegemony of the global drug regime and prohibitionist logic. Part I (Chapters 1-3) comprehensively challenges the value of ‘human rights’ on a philosophical, political, legal and institutional basis- to appreciate their capacity to provide a new perspective on drug control. Part I concludes that: human rights are conceptually broad living instruments, capable of reflecting the complex reality of human psychoactive usage; human rights can better address the State/individual binary which is identified to be at the crux of drug policies and; human rights and drug control regimes are legally compatible. This bona fide human rights perspective is then applied to Part II (Chapters 4-5), which employs health and religious rights as conceptual starting points, to demonstrate how human rights could improve the drug control framework, and how the lens of human rights can point to different ways of regulating drug consumption. The broader regulatory implications resulting from this unique perspective call for an application of human rights which moves beyond medical and traditional prohibitive paradigms, to integrate broader categorisations such as ‘human flourishing’. This broader perspective accounting for pleasure, well-being and spirituality etc. would more thoroughly appreciate the often interconnected nature, and significance an individual accords their drug use. The thesis also concludes that drug policy is inherently political, and through centring upon the relationship between the State and the individual, a human rights perspective can comprehensively unpack the moral arguments involved. By introducing normative thinking in this sphere, as well as presenting the empirical evidence when weighing up the benefits and harms from psychoactives, a more open-minded, transparent approach to the issue of drug control can be adopted. Analysing (predominately) domestic and international case law which explores the conflict between the human rights and the drug control regimes, finally demonstrates that human rights have a transformative capacity to alter the drug control system, even while operating within the prevailing prohibitionist paradigm. The medical cannabis cases, and the religious exemptions for peyote and ayahuasca particularly demonstrate this, and give credence to the notion that the global regime of drug control is beginning to fall apart. Ultimately, this thesis uses the lens of human rights to provide a new perspective and direction to the issue of drug control.

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Souza, Lucimar Aparecida Roseira de. „Comunicação e cultura de consumo: ponto de venda e design“. Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/27/27154/tde-19082015-143344/.

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Comunicação e consumo. Design e ponto de venda. O consumo é uma das expressões dinâmicas da sociedade moderna, passou a determinar as relações de produção, acumulação econômica e as relações sociais. O ponto de venda se transformou na configuração do consumo, em função da abundância de novidades no mercado e da contínua re-significação que os objetos são submetidos constantemente. Esta dissertação busca identificar e conhecer, enfocando uma base interpretativa do posicionamento teórico, alguns mecanismos e elementos determinantes que fazem funcionar as engrenagens do consumo no ponto de venda. O problema de estudo se situa na análise teórica de alguns aspectos sociais, mercadológicos e comunicacionais, focando-se no design, no sistema de consumo da sociedade contemporânea, trazendo à luz estudos da Escola de Frankfurt sobre a cultura do consumo. Enfocando os conceitos da comunicação visual nos pontos de venda, subsidiados e permeados pelo levantamento bibliográfico dos campos das Ciências Sociais, Mercadológicas, Design e da Psicologia Cognitiva, apontar-se-á as influências dos elementos estéticos de comunicação sobre o comportamento do consumidor frente ao ponto de venda, servindo como base para reflexão e análise de estudos futuros nas áreas de Comunicação, Marketing e Design.
Communication and consumption. Design and sales point. The consumption has been one of the dynamics expressions of modern society; it has become to define the production relations, economic accumulation and the socials relations. The sales point has become in the configuration of the consumption provide by the great quantity of news in the market and by the continual new signification that the objects are submitted. This research searches to identify and know, focusing the interpretative base of academic view, some tools and issues that make it runs the gear of consumption of the sales point. The study problem is in academic analysis of the social features, marketing and communications, focusing in the design, consumption system of the contemporary society, bringing up to us the studies of the Frankfurt School about the consumption culture. Focusing the concepts of the visual communications in the sales point, subsidize and permeate by the bibliographic of the science social fields, marketing, design and cognitive psychology, will be indicated the influences from the elements aesthetic of communication above the consumer behavior on the sales point, this will be the bases about to reflection and analysis for new researches on the areas of Communication Marketing and Design.

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Cattin, Johana. „Consideration of dynamic traffic conditions in the estimation of industrial vehicules energy consumption while integrating driving assistance strategies“. Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSET003/document.

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Le monde industriel, et en particulier l’industrie automobile, cherche à représenter au mieux le réel pour concevoir des outils et produits les plus adaptés aux enjeux et marchés actuels. Dans cette optique, le groupe Volvo a développé de puissants outils pour la simulation de la dynamique des véhicules industriels. Ces outils permettent notamment l’optimisation de composants véhicules ou de stratégies de contrôle. De nombreuses activités de recherche portent sur des technologies innovantes permettant de réduire la consommation des véhicules industriels et d’accroitre la sécurité de leurs usages dans différents environnements. En particulier, le développement des systèmes d’aide à la conduite automobile ITS et ADAS. Afin de pouvoir développer ces systèmes, un environnement de simulation permettant de prendre en compte les différents facteurs pouvant influencer la conduite d’un véhicule doit être mis en place. L’étude se concentre sur la simulation de l’environnement du véhicule et des interactions entre le véhicule et son environnement direct, i.e. le véhicule qui le précède. Les interactions entre le véhicule étudié et le véhicule qui le précède sont modélisées à l’aide de modèles mathématiques, nommés lois de poursuites. De nombreux modèles existent dans la littérature mais peu concernent le comportement des véhicules industriels. Une étude détaillée de ces modèles et des méthodes de calage est réalisée. L’environnement du véhicule peut être représenté par deux catégories de paramètres : statiques (intersections, nombre de voies…) et dynamiques (état du réseau). A partir d’une base de données de trajets usuels, ces paramètres sont calculés, puis utilisés pour générer de manière automatisée des scénarios de simulation réalistes
The industrial world, and in particular the automotive industry, is seeking to best represent the real world in order to design tools and products that are best adapted to current challenges and markets, by reducing development times and prototyping costs. With this in mind, the Volvo Group has developed powerful tools to simulate the dynamics of industrial vehicles. These tools allow the optimization of vehicle components or control strategies. Many research activities focus on innovative technologies to reduce the consumption of industrial vehicles and increase the safety of their use in different environments. Particularly, the development of ITS and ADAS is booming. In order to be able to develop these systems, a simulation environment must be set up to take into account the various factors that can influence the driving of a vehicle. The work focuses on simulating the vehicle environment and the interactions between the vehicle and its direct environment, i.e. the vehicle in front of it. The interactions between the vehicle under study and the vehicle in front of it are modelled using mathematical models, called car-following models. Many models exist in the literature, but few of them deals specifically with heavy duty vehicles. A specific focus on these models and their calibration is realized. The vehicle environment can be represented by two categories of parameters: static (intersections, number of lanes) and dynamic parameters (state of the network). From a database of usuals roads, these parameters are computed, then, they are used to automatically generate realist traffic simulation scenarios

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Roleček, Jaroslav. „Vliv silových účinků horního táhla tříbodového závěsu na vybrané parametry traktorových souprav“. Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-318740.

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The master thesis describes the methodology of laboratory and field measurements of tractors and tractor kits. It also contains graphical and tabular processing of measurement data and subsequent evaluation of the results obtained. It deals with the influence of power in the upper rod of three point hinge on wheel slip, work efficiency and fuel consumption.

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George, Jason. „Harnessing resilience: biased voltage overscaling for probabilistic signal processing“. Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/42812.

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A central component of modern computing is the idea that computation requires determinism. Contrary to this belief, the primary contribution of this work shows that useful computation can be accomplished in an error-prone fashion. Focusing on low-power computing and the increasing push toward energy conservation, the work seeks to sacrifice accuracy in exchange for energy savings. Probabilistic computing forms the basis for this error-prone computation by diverging from the requirement of determinism and allowing for randomness within computing. Implemented as probabilistic CMOS (PCMOS), the approach realizes enormous energy sav- ings in applications that require probability at an algorithmic level. Extending probabilistic computing to applications that are inherently deterministic, the biased voltage overscaling (BIVOS) technique presented here constrains the randomness introduced through PCMOS. Doing so, BIVOS is able to limit the magnitude of any resulting deviations and realizes energy savings with minimal impact to application quality. Implemented for a ripple-carry adder, array multiplier, and finite-impulse-response (FIR) filter; a BIVOS solution substantially reduces energy consumption and does so with im- proved error rates compared to an energy equivalent reduced-precision solution. When applied to H.264 video decoding, a BIVOS solution is able to achieve a 33.9% reduction in energy consumption while maintaining a peak-signal-to-noise ratio of 35.0dB (compared to 14.3dB for a comparable reduced-precision solution). While the work presented here focuses on a specific technology, the technique realized through BIVOS has far broader implications. It is the departure from the conventional mindset that useful computation requires determinism that represents the primary innovation of this work. With applicability to emerging and yet to be discovered technologies, BIVOS has the potential to contribute to computing in a variety of fashions.

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Houtin, Laurène. „La menace du poids idéal : effets de la menace du stéréotype sur les choix et la consommation alimentaires de jeunes femmes se percevant en surpoids“. Thesis, Paris 10, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA100080.

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Cette thèse a pour objectif l’examen des conséquences de la stigmatisation du surpoids chez les jeunes femmes qui se perçoivent en surpoids (que cette perception soit justifiée ou non) via le phénomène de menace du stéréotype (Steele & Aronson, 1995). Nous proposons que des contextes menaçants, en lien avec les stéréotypes négatifs qui portent sur les comportements alimentaires des personnes en surpoids, peuvent biaiser l’estimation que ces femmes font des aliments et augmenter leur consommation d’aliments réconfortants. Les études expérimentales de ce travail doctoral confirment ces hypothèses : leurs résultats indiquent que plus les femmes pensent avoir un excès de poids, (i) moins elles réussissent à estimer la teneur calorique des aliments et à sélectionner les plats en fonction de leurs valeurs nutritionnelles, et (ii) plus elles consomment d’aliments gras et sucrés. Nous investiguons également le rôle médiateur des émotions (et notamment celui de l’anxiété) ainsi que sur celui de la réduction des ressources disponibles en mémoire de travail dans ces effets. Si nos études ne permettent pas d’affirmer l’implication de mécanismes émotionnels, une de nos études met en cause la diminution des ressources en mémoire de travail.Bien que d’autres études ont déjà fait état des conséquences de la menace du stéréotype lié au surpoids chez les personnes objectivement en surpoids (e.g., Brochu & Dovidio, 2014), les études de cette thèse sont les premières à mettre en évidence les conséquences de ce phénomène chez les femmes qui se perçoivent en surpoids, et à confirmer qu’il est nécessaire de prendre en compte cette variable dans l’étude des conséquences de la stigmatisation du surpoids
This thesis aims to examine the consequences the stigma of overweight among young women who perceive themselves as overweight (whether this perception is justified or not), via the phenomenon of stereotype threat (Steele & Aronson, 1995). We propose that threatening contexts (in which negative stereotypes are about the eating behaviours of overweight people are activated), can (i) bias overweight self-perceived women's nutritional values assessment, and thus lead them to select dishes that are not adapted to their needs, and (ii) increase their consumption of comfort food. The experimental studies of this doctoral work tend to confirm these hypotheses: their results indicate that the more young women think they are overweight, (i) the less successful they are at estimating the calorie content of foods and selecting dishes on the basis of their nutritional values, (ii) the more they consume fatty and sugary foods. We also investigate the roles of emotions (especially anxiety) and working memory resources in these effects. Although our studies do not allow us to assert the involvement of emotional mechanisms, one of our studies underlines the role of a decrease in working memory resources. While other studies have already reported the deleterious consequences of overweight stereotype threat in objectively overweight individuals (e.g., Brochu & Dovidio, 2014), ours are the first to report on the consequences of this phenomenon in overweight self-perceived women, and confirm that weight perception must be taken into account in studies on the negative health consequences associated with weight stigma

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Tolunay, John. „Parallel gaming related algorithms for an embedded media processor“. Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Informationskodning, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-86154.

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A new type of computing architecture called ePUMA is under development by the ePUMA Research Team at the Department of Electrical Engineering at Linköping University in Linköping. This contains several single instruction multiple data (SIMD) cores, which are called SIMD Units, where up to 64 computations can be done in parallel. The goal with the architecture is to create a low-power chip with good performance for embedded applications. One possible application is video games. In this work we have studied a selected set of video game related algorithms, including a Pseudo-Random Number Generator, Clipping and Rasterization & Fragment Processing, analyzing how well they fit the ePUMA platform.

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Agostino, Claire d'. „Modélisation de comportements de conducteurs réalistes pour l'estimation de l'efficacité énergétique durant le développement des véhicules poids-lourds“. Thesis, Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ECDL0034.

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Dans un contexte où la consommation de carburant est un poste de coût de plus en plus important, la consommation et la vitesse moyenne d'un poids-lourds est l'une des caractéristiques clés estimées durant le développement des nouveaux véhicules. Ainsi, nous désirons créer différents modèles de conducteurs en termes de consommation et de vitesse moyenne, c'est à dire en termes de conduite rationnelle. Nous proposons une méthode en deux étapes: premièrement la reconnaissance des évènements de conduite grâce à des attributs de conduite. Puis la quantification de trois types de conduite différents sur ces évènements. Suite à ces deux étapes, nous pouvons implémenter nos résultats dans un outil qui crée différents modèles de conducteurs pour la simulation et le banc à rouleaux. Les écarts entre conducteurs se mesurent en termes de consommation de carburant et de vitesse moyenne. Le taux de classification des évènements s'étend de 74% à 91% selon le type d'évènements. Ces résultats sont dus à la nature même des données et aux similarités entre les classes, mais nous estimons que ces taux sont suffisants pour notre application. Nous obtenons également des corrélations prometteuses entre les attributs de conduite sélectionnés et l'indicateur de conduite rationnelle. Nous avons notamment porté notre étude sur les évènements classiques: les ronds-points, les péages et les arrêts. Les résultats de l'outil que nous avons développé sont pertinents. Nous pouvons désormais simuler différents types de chauffeurs. Sur nos essais en simulation, l'adaptation de seulement 10% des évènements d'un cycle découle sur un gain en consommation de 1.5% et une vitesse moyenne 3% plus élevée pour un conducteur efficace. Ces résultats sont encourageants, surtout que le travail à venir visera à augmenter la diversité des évènements couverts
Realistic driver behavior modeling for energy efficiency estimation during heavy-trucks vehicles development Abstract: In the context where fuel consumption is a growing cost center, fuel consumption of a truck coupled with its average speed is one of the key vehicle characteristics that needs to be optimized and accurately estimated during the truck design process. Consequently, we aim to create different driver behavior models for testing trucks regarding fuel consumption and average speed issues, i.e., rational driving. We propose a two-step method to model more accurately driving behavior: first, the identification of driving events through driving features. Second, the quantification of three different driving behaviors on the recognized driving events. Then we implement our results in a tool that creates these different driving behaviors. The output of this tool is a cycle adapted to a driver type in terms of fuel consumption and average speed, and that can be used in simulation and on chassis-dynamometer. The classification of driving events reaches classification rates between 74% and 91% depending on the events. We believe that they are sufficient for our application due to the raw nature of driving events and the similarities between the different classes. We also obtain promising results concerning the correlation between driving features and rational driving index. We focus especially on typical events, namely roundabout on extra-urban roads, toll on highways and stop on urban roads. The results of the developed tool prove to be efficient since we can now simulate different driving behaviors. On our test run in simulation, adapting only 10% of the events of a cycle produces fuel savings of 1.5% and an average speed which is 3% faster for an efficient driver than a non-efficient driver. These results are promising and we need to implement other events in the future

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Ingr, Adam. „Parní turbína pro biomasovou elektrárnu“. Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-400482.

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This master‘s thesis deals with thermodynamic calculation of condensing steam turbine with controlled extraction point for heat exchanger, into biomass power plant block. Rated output of steam turbine is 6.5 MW and rated output of heat exchanger is 4.5 MW. At the beginning of the thesis is explained the heat scheme and the effect of heat regeneration on the design of turbine. Attention was also paid to the heat equation of individual thermal diagram devices and the calculation of the steam mass flow rate. The next part is focused on thermodynamic calculation of the turbine, followed by mechanical stress calculations. The calculation is divided into preliminary design and detailed calculation. At the end, the performance analysis of the designed turbine is made.

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Kernalléguen, Angéline. „Caractérisation et localisation des xénobiotiques dans les cheveux par spectrométrie de masse Maldi“. Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0754.

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L’analyse des cheveux est à présent reconnue comme un outil pertinent dans le domaine de la toxicologie car elle permet de fournir un historique des habitudes de consommation d’un individu, qu’il s’agisse d’une consommation ponctuelle ou répétée.L’analyse d’un seul cheveu par désorption/ionisation laser assistée par matrice (MALDI) offre de nombreux avantages par rapport aux techniques conventionnelles : la quantité de cheveux est réduite, la préparation des échantillons est simplifiée et les images sont acquises avec une résolution spatiale très élevée (~100 µm). L’imagerie MALDI (MALDI-MSn) nous a permis de caractériser et de cartographier l’évolution des quantités de xénobiotiques le long du cheveu avec une très haute résolution spatiale sans une préparation trop longue ou trop complexe des échantillons au préalable.La spectrométrie de masse MALDI couplée à des plaques micro-réseaux (Microarrays for Mass Spetrometry, MAMS) nous a permis de développer une méthode pour effectuer une semi-quantification de la cocaïne, de la benzoylecgonine, de l’ecgonine méthyl ester et du cocaéthylène à partir d’une quantité de 1 mg de cheveux et 2 heures d’extraction ; les résultats sont bien corrélés avec une méthode de quantification validée. Cette méthode est pertinente lorsque des résultats urgents sont requis. Au total, le développement de ces deux applications nous a permis de démontrer la pertinence de la spectrométrie de masse MALDI dans l’analyse toxicologique du cheveu. Les perspectives consistent à améliorer ces protocoles afin de les transposer en routine et de développer des méthodes de screening large par spectrométrie de masse MALDI
Hair analysis is now recognized as a relevant tool in the field of toxicology. It provides a precise history of an individual’s exposure to drugs, whether it is a punctual or repeated consumption.Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization (MALDI) has many advantages over conventional techniques: the amount of hair needed is reduced, the sample preparation is simplified and the images are acquired with high spatial resolution (~ 100 μm).MALDI (MALDI-MSn) imaging allowed us to characterize and map the evolution of drugs amounts along the hair with very spatial resolution avoiding long and complex pre-sample preparation.MALDI coupled to Microaarays for Mass Spectrometry (MAMS) allowed us to develop a method for semi-quantitation of cocaine, benzoylecgonine, ecgonine methyl ester and cocaethylene using 1 mg of hair and 2 hours of extraction; the results are well correlated with a validated quantification method. This method is relevant when urgent results are required.In total, the development of these two applications demonstrates the relevance of MALDI mass spectrometry in the toxicological analysis of hair. The prospects are to improve these protocols in order to transpose them routinely and to develop large screening methods by MALDI mass spectrometry

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Ricetta, Márcia Rose Alves de Macedo Azzolino. „Sistemas fotovoltaicos integrados ao perfil de uso da edificação“. Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2010. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=2626.

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Nos últimos anos, o consumo de energia vem crescendo mundialmente nos grandes centros urbanos, e esforços na área de eficiência energética estão sendo implantados, a fim de reduzir o consumo no horário da ponta e interrupções da rede. O aproveitamento das fontes renováveis, como o fotovoltaico em uma edificação se torna um atrativo a mais para a matriz energética num momento em que o país prima pela universalização dos serviços de energia e a classificação de edifícios comerciais, de serviço e públicos, além dos residenciais quanto à eficiência energética através do Procel Edifica (RTQ-C e RTQ-R). Os sistemas fotovoltaicos podem configurar perfis de uso nas edificações de modo a gerar energia para consumo próprio ou ligado à rede e ainda ter influência na arquitetura do prédio com revestimento: os perfis podem está em telhados, fachadas ou janelas, amenizando em alguns casos a carga térmica no prédio com sombreamento arquitetônico. Hoje, com o avanço da tecnologia no setor de armazenagem é possível, o atendimento com segurança e eficiência a uma edificação ou direcionar esta armazenagem a uma demanda específica como o atendimento à demanda de ciclo profundo, tais como, iluminação externa e recarga de veículos elétricos. Partindo da premissa de sistemas interruptos de energia, UPS, uso de fonte secundária como FV, baterias e Flywheel é apresentado uma forma de melhor gerenciar a energia armazenada, podendo estender a vida útil da bateria e conseqüentemente de todo o sistema fotovoltaico na edificação. Esta forma de armazenar energia proporciona um serviço de uso contínuo sem percepção das interrupções da rede com garantia de 20 anos, tal qual o módulo fotovoltaico, com esta proposta as perdas de energia elétrica na edificação serão atenuadas, pois a eletricidade será utilizada de forma eficiente e inteligente. O ponto de partida do estudo de caso no prédio do IBAM são os sistemas fotovoltaicos com geração distribuída (mini-redes) conectados à rede que são instalados para fornecer energia ao consumidor, complementando a quantidade de energia demandada, caso haja algum aumento do consumo de energia na edificação, ou ainda utilizar o sistema fotovoltaico na hora da ponta e interrupções do sistema da rede no período fora da ponta. A estocagem inercial por meio do Flywheel tem um papel fundamental nesta mini-rede (Flywheel, bateria VRLA, UPS, inversor e STS), pois a sua utilização pode ser apontada como uma inovação tecnológica quanto à regulação de tensão no sistema de energia elétrica, além de preparar a edificação para o smart-grid. Esta configuração de acumulação de energia permitiu a analise do deslocamento desta energia armazenada para o consumo no horário de ponta, mudando o conceito de sistemas fotovoltaicos autônomos no meio urbano e rural no país. Este conceito de armazenagem se confirma então como um aporte na eficiência de energia na edificação, podendo carrear economia de energia substancial, além de proporcionar uma confiabilidade no serviço de energia, com um baixo retorno do investimento e com uma garantia de funcionamento com pequena ou nenhuma manutenção durante o período de vida de 20 anos.
In recent years, energy consumption is globally growing in urban centers, and efforts in the area of energy efficiency are being implemented to reduce consumption of this at the time of the tip and grid outages. The use of renewable sources such as photovoltaic in a building becomes a more attractive energy matrix for a moment in which Brazil press for universal energy service and labeling of commercial buildings, service and public and residential on the efficiency energy through Procel Build (RTQ RTQ-C and-R). Photovoltaic systems can be used as coatings on buildings to generate energy for its own or connected to the mini-grid and still have influence on the architecture of the building: the coatings can is in roofs, facades or windows, softening in some cases the thermal load on building with architectural shading. Putting photovoltaic panels on the facades of the building allows us to serve the demand of the load with deep cycle, such as exterior lighting and possibly charging for electric vehicles. Today, with advancing technology in the storage industry is possible to service safely and efficiently in a storage building or direct this to a specific demand. Assuming uninterrupted power systems, UPS, use of secondary sources like PV, batteries and Flywheel is presented a way to better manage the stored energy and can extend battery life and consequently the entire PV system in the building. This way of storing energy provides a service perception of continuous use without interruption of the network with 20-year warranty, like the PV module, with this proposed loss of electricity in the building will be softened because the electricity will be used efficiently and intelligently. The starting point of the case study conducted in a commercial building in Rio de Janeiro is the photovoltaic systems with distributed generation (mini-grids) that are connected to the grid installed to provide power close to consumers, enhancing the amount of energy ofered if there is some increase in energy consumption in the building, or to use the PV system at the time of the tip and the grid system outages during off-peak. The storage through the inertial flywheel has a key role in this mini-grid (Flywheel, VRLA battery, UPS, inverter and STS), because their use can be considered a technological innovation for the voltage regulation in electric power system, and to prepare the building for the smart-grid. The accumulation of power by batteries and Flywheel UPS allowed the analysis of displacement of energy stored for consumption at peak hours, the same being managed by mini-grids, changing the concept of photovoltaic systems in urban and rural areas in Brazil . This form of storage is then confirmed as an intake of energy efficiency in building, as well as for the Brazilian energy matrix. Thus may carry substantial energy savings, and provide a service reliability of power, with a low return on investment and a guarantee of operation with little or no maintenance during the life of 20 years.

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Achuo, George. „Partner satisfaction and renewal likelihood in consumer supported agriculture (CSA) : a case study of The Equiterre CSA network“. Thesis, McGill University, 2003. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=19555.

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Bento, Paulo Filipe Seabra. „Gestão de dados sobre o consumo em autocarros elétricos“. Master's thesis, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10284/10132.

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O problema que este trabalho pretende resolver, trata da realidade existente na empresa STCP, e a sua necessidade de carregar autocarros elétricos (mantendo operacional o serviço que estes realizam). O foco principal deste trabalho é desenvolver ferramentas, que possibilitem a facilidade de análise destes carregamentos, para que sejam feitos da forma mais eficiente possível. Sendo que devido às características destes veículos, como peso, do próprio veículo e carga (Kivekäs et al., 2019), tal como pessoas e suas bagagens, a autonomia não é suficiente, se o AE não tiver bateria suficiente, para efetuar todo o percurso da linha pré-estabelecida pela STCP, que atualmente um autocarro a diesel ou a gás natural, consegue fazer. Evidentemente o processo de abastecimento para um autocarro do tipo elétrico é muito mais moroso e de caráter seletivo, já que os postos de abastecimento para este tipo de veículo são escassos e com essas condições em conta, é necessário efetuar um planeamento para que a utilização dos autocarros elétricos seja feita da forma mais otimizada. O plano inicial estabelecido pela empresa, STCP, é que os novos autocarros elétricos passem a circular no centro da cidade do Porto, deixando progressivamente de serem usados os autocarros de outros tipo de combustível nos centros das cidades, onde o foco de poluição, tal como dito por Abbasi, 2018, é maior, e onde o autocarro com uma autonomia menor pode ficar mais próximo do ponto de recarga, tirando o máximo partido do veículo. Assim sendo o objetivo das ferramentas desenvolvidas neste trabalho é o de retirar análises estatísticas, ou gráficos, a partir de um conjunto de dados pré existente e fornecido pela STCP, acerca dos carregamentos dos autocarros elétricos e, com essa informação, ajudar a determinar quais serão os melhores horários para carregamentos e subsequentemente ajudar a criar um calendário para garantir que os carregamentos e distribuição são feitos na melhor altura. Este estudo, não só irá permitir tirar o máximo partido do potencial destes veículos, como certamente ajudará nas despesas, visto que as recargas serão feitas apenas quando necessário e de uma forma, em que não ocorra desperdício. A ferramenta em questão será uma aplicação que irá ler os dados a partir de uma base de dados e processando os mesmos apresentará estatísticas (gráficos) mais ou menos complexas que ajudarão a tomar as decisões necessárias para tirar o melhor partido dos recursos disponíveis.
The problem addressed in this dissertation, relates to a reality that exists in the company STCP, and it’s need to charge electric buses (maintaining the current services available). The main focus is to develop tools that aid in the analysis of the charging process, so that these are done in the most efficient way. Even with the characteristics of these vehicles, such as weight, of the vehicle itself plus the load, (Kivekäs et al., 2019) that it will carry people and their baggage, the battery autonomy is not enough, if the bus does not have sufficient battery, to carry out the entirety of the route pre-established by STCP, which currently a diesel or natural gas bus, is able to complete. Evidently the supply process for an electric bus is slower and more selective, since the supply posts for this type of vehicle are scarce and with these conditions in mind, it is necessary to have a plan so that the utilization of these types of vehicles is done in the most effective manner. The initial plan defined by STCP, is that the new electric buses will circulate in the center of the city of Porto, progressively removing the need for other types of buses that use more harmful fuels in the centers of cities, where the pollution focus is greater, as said by Abbasi, 2018, and where a bus with a lower autonomy can stay closer to the charging station, therefore extracting the most value out of the vehicle. That being said, the objective of the developed tools is to withdraw stats, or graphs, from preexisting data provided by STCP, about the charges of electric buses, to allow to determine when are the most strategic times to charge and subsequently, help to, come up with a Schedule to ensure the charges and distribution are made at the right time. This study will not only allow to withdraw the most potential from these vehicles, but will certainly help in the costs, since charges will only happen when necessary and in a way that there's no waste. The above mentioned tool will be an app which will read data from a database and process the data, it will show stats(graphs) more and less advanced which will help to make the needed decisions to take full advantage of the available resources.

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Chiang, Chia-chen, und 江嘉珍. „Consumption Experience of Luxury Brands from Women's Point of View“. Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/89670332640247036641.

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WU, SHANG-CYUN, und 吳上群. „Exploring Factors Influencing App Download from the Consumption Value Point of View“. Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/38620699125311091690.

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碩士
東吳大學
國際經營與貿易學系
103
With the popularity of mobile devices, consumer demand and reliance on App increase. App stores have changed the traditional software sales model, and its low threshold has attracted many small developers to actively involve. Since the industry is highly competitive, the profit and download frequency of most Apps may not be ideal. We investigate the effect of consumption value and price to the download intention of App users, and analyze the interference effect of App type. An experiment of 2x2 design (App type: information and tool type v.s. leisure and entertainment type; price: download for free v.s. download for charge) is conducted. The consumption value and download intention are measured after respondents read individual situation. Statistical analysis shows that consumption value positively affects download intention, and consumers have higher download intention for App download for free. The interference effect of App type exists. Consumers already have a certain level of download intention for information and tool type App when the consumption value is zero. When the consumption value increases by one, download intention for leisure and entertainment type App rises more. For information and tool type App, there are no differences in download intention between App download for free and download for charge. For leisure and entertainment type App, download intention of the former is significantly higher than that of the latter. We suggest that software developers should have different plans for different types of App when they design App and select the profit mode. In this way, they can get complementary effect, and promote competitive advantage.

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Huang, Ta-Kang, und 黃大綱. „Study of Consumption Value Theory for Convenience Store Collection Point Loyalty- Case of Taichung 7-11“. Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/2xs8vz.

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碩士
嶺東科技大學
國際企業系碩士班
104
The density of Taiwanese convenience stores is the highest in Asia-Pacific region. According to industry statistics, customers usually like consumption in convenience stores. Due to the high homogeneity in merchandise and the small differences in price, the market becomes more competitive. In order to attract the consumers, various promotional activities have organized. The most popular is redeeming reward points. The main purpose of this research was to understand how the gift forming consumption value to proceed with the activity. Also it was to analyze the positive influences between consumption value of the collection and loyalty of participating in collection activity. Sheth, et al. the functional value, epistemic value, conditioned value, social value, and emotional value were used as five facets of consumption value. Samples were customers who participated in activities of reward points. Also, the questionnaire, statistical methods and regression analysis were used.. The results showed that there were significant affects between consumer value and loyalty activities involved in collection points for the different background variables. The consumer value and loyalty in activities set point were also significant affects.

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Dian-LinTsai und 蔡典霖. „A Low-Power-Consumption Boost Converter with Maximum Power Point Tracking Algorithm for Indoor Photovoltaic Energy Harvesting“. Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/ha8p2n.

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碩士
國立成功大學
電機工程學系
102
In recent years, wireless sensor network (WSN) technique develops rapidly, but its operation life is still limited by the energy storage element. Thus, if ambient energy is harvested to supply the sensors, the operation life can be increased and the cost can be reduced. A boost converter for indoor photovoltaic energy harvesting with low power consumption is proposed in this thesis. For harvesting energy from PV cell, the proposed converter applies the maximum power point tracking algorithm, and controls the output power of the PV cell by regulating the conduction time of the power transistors, so that the output power of the illuminance- and temperature-sensitive PV cell is utilized completely. The harvested energy is stored in a super capacitor. The proposed system is integrated into a chip, which was fabricated by using TSMC 0.18μm 1P6M mixed-signal process, and the total area is 853×1006 μm2. The best storage efficiency is 77.1 %, the best tracking efficiency is 64.8 %, and the best total efficiency is 42.8 %.

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Grimm, Anna-Katharina. „Going green at the point of sale: Application of digital technologies and message framing to promote sustainable consumption“. 2020. https://slub.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A74929.

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More sustainable food consumption and production could make a significant contribution to reducing greenhouse gas emissions and protecting natural resources. Nevertheless, the market shares of “green” products are still low. This cumulative dissertation aims to increase green consumption by exploring different marketing communication strategies. Article I shows that Point-of-Sale technologies such as digital signage and augmented reality can draw consumers' attention to sustainable products and increase their sales. Article II focuses on the formulation of advertisement messages and suggests that their credibility is a central driver for buying intentions. Since specifically formulated environmental benefits are perceived as particularly credible, their use is the most promising. The third article proves the effectiveness of a newly developed form of green advertisements aiming at increasing both the perceived customer orientation and environmental responsibility of a company. Article IV tests an information app to educate consumers about the sustainability of products and shows that a simple and credible 'sustainability index' is most effective in shaping behavior.

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CHENG, SHENG-FANG, und 鄭盛方. „Study on the Application of Change-Point Model for Building Energy Management System to Analysis Abnormal Energy Consumption“. Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/j6kdp7.

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碩士
國立臺北科技大學
能源與冷凍空調工程系
107
In order to improve energy efficiency, the international community has developed Energy Services Company. Energy performance measurement and verification technology (M&V) is the core issue of the industry. In 2017, the implementation concept of the advance measurement and verification or M&V2.0 was proposed by the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. The development goal of the whole-building use option C of International Performance Measurement and Verification Protocol (IPMVP). With the advance of information and communications technologies are integrated into the measurement and verification technology. That will allow user to capture, analysis data instantly and accelerate M&V processes. In Taiwan, many large buildings have installed energy management systems including high-resolution smart meters and equipment meters. However, most of them only have the function of monitoring and remote control. Without the basis of management, we can only rely on the local factory to judge the equipment by personal experience, and often can not make decisions immediately and cause waste of energy. Therefore, this study refers to the modeling method released by ASHRAE. Using the 4 parameter change-point model for Taiwan’s climate to establish an energy baseline for the buildings. It can be used as the basis for building energy management control, combined with the time series model of energy use, and can predict the upper and lower limits of energy use, as a basis for judging abnormal energy. We will study a case which hotel with an energy management system. This system data is used to analyze the energy use. Using two days of energy use as an example. Abnormal values appear on the evening of the first day and the night of the second day. Check on the meter used in the equipment, there is an abnormal energy consumption surely. This study provide a basis for judging the power consumption anomaly.

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Hou, Hung-Chich, und 侯宏志. „Effects of Stimulating Neiguan Acupuncture Point by TENS on Heart Rate and Oxygen Consumption during Sub maximum exercise“. Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/35251143889315084325.

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碩士
國立體育學院
運動科學研究所
91
The development of modern athletics has required the athletes to perform their physical capacity during extreme conditions. Many exercise research have aimed to assist athletes to reach their physical potentials. The purpose of the study was to exam the effects of stimulating Neiguan acupuncture point by TENS on heart rate and oxygen consumption during sub-maximum exercise. Sixty voluntary students from the Department of Physical Education at National Taichung Normal College participated in the study. The mean physical profiles of the male and female participants were 21.2 and 20.9 years of age, 169.6 cm and 158.3 cm in height and 65.7 kg and 54.4 kg in weight. The subjects were randomly assigned to three groups of treatment: 1) stimulating Neiguan acupuncture point, 2) stimulating on non-acupuncture point, and 3) no treatment (control). The subjects in treatment groups received TENS stimulation every other day for a total of 4 weeks. All subjects went through three measurements of heart rate and VO2 consumption before, after 2-week and 4-week of treatment. Bruce protocol on treadmill and Sensordedics 2900 energy metabolic system were used for the measurements. The heart rate and VO2 consumption values were recorded between the fourth and ninth minute into the exercise. Two-way ANOVA was used to analyze the data and the level of significance was set at .05. The results of the study showed that both male and female participants who received TENS stimulation on the Neiguan acupuncture point had significantly lower heart rate than the other two groups of participants during the sub-maximum exercise. The male participants who received stimulation on the Neiguan acupuncture point demonstrated lower oxygen requirement to perform same level of exercise intensity than the other two study groups. It was concluded that by regularly stimulating Neiguan acupuncture point by TENS could increase the cardio-respiratory functions.

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Wang, Hsuan-Wen, und 王宣文. „An Influence Study of Convenience Store’s Point Collection Strategy toward Elementary School Students’ Consumption Behaviors — A Case of Taichung Dajia Area“. Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/9ev45c.

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碩士
中華大學
企業管理學系碩士班
103
This study uses questionnaire to investigate the students’ consumption behaviors as they face the point collection with exchanging free gifts strategy. The targeted students are from the elementary schools at Tachia area in Taichung City. The study finds that the above promotion strategy is effective, and the students have different free gifts cognitions related to different free gifts’ theme which include cognition value, preferences, consumption habits, and purchasing willingness, this leads to different consumption behaviors. The questionnaire includes: primary school students perceived value, convenience store filled point collection strategy, and primary school students of consumer behavior. SPSS statistical analysis software is used to analyze the survey data. The results of the study are as follows: 1. Different pocket money, consumption frequency and amount of consumption of elementary school students have significantly effects upon the performances of point collection strategy implemented by convenience stores. 2. Different consumption frequency and amount of consumption have significantly effects upon elementary school students’ the perceived value of consumption in convenience stores. 3. Different pocket money, consumption frequency and amount of consumption have significantly effects upon the consumption behaviors of elementary school students in the convenience stores. 4. Different convenience stores’ point collection strategies have significant positive effects upon perceived value and consumer behavior of elementary school students. 5. Perceived value of different elementary school students have significantly positive impact on their consumption behaviors. 6. More diversities of convenience store point collection strategies have more positively impact on the perceived value of elementary school students; and more stronger of perceived value can lead to more able to affect consumption behaviors and to increase purchasing power.

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DU, RUI-ZE, und 黃貞瑜. „The Research of Green Packaging Design from the Perception and Attitude of Green Consumption Point of View-Wedding Cookie Products as Example“. Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/28579248235195188220.

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碩士
大葉大學
設計暨藝術學院碩士班
98
With the development of living standard and the rise of education nowadays, consumers’ behaviors are different from before. And the emergence of green movement also brings some new rules and restrictions in the goods production and exploitation. Furthermore,since every country is promoting the idea of green consumption now, consumers start to concern about the texture and environmental characteristics of products when purchasing. In order to increase sales and promote the value of products, sellers tend to cover products completely in excessive paper or other materials. These extravagant materials are usually unnecessary and cause the environmental pollution. Since the concept of green packaging becomes popular recently, consumers start to concern about if the products meet the environmental protection criteria. In the process of this research, I’ll use Factor Analysis and Frequency Distribution to analyze consumers’ questionnaire, discussing consumers’ need to green packaging. In the course of studying,make use of analytic approach of the green expense cognition and the manner using the factor analytic method regarding the green packing design between factor relations, and obtains the influence factor inducts the green packing to obtain designs the new element, via the analysis at two stages,its result new element invagination packing design, finally by this result establishment green packing design essential factor criterion. Research Research this purpose,seeking the best way and factors of green packaging design of wedding cookie products, promotion domestic green tendency, then promotion world competitive power.

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Chen, Tung-Chun, und 陳東俊. „Issues on E-commerce Business in Taiwan And China - Investigating Consumer Consumption From The Point View Of Internet Sales Trading Patterns Behavior“. Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/nj658w.

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碩士
國立高雄應用科技大學
財富與稅務管理研究所碩士在職專班
101
The internet online shopping market grows at a stable rate of 20% annually, in the stagnant economic environment of recent years, it becomes a rising economic and trade activity. The internet online shopping has become one of the main choices of consumption in Taiwan, due to the busy schedules of most people. Derivative services have also been developed, such as convenience store pickup, 24-hour arrival, etc., which form a unique consumption segment. As the internet shopping consumption increases continuously, consumers have higher demand on the security of payment modes. Hence, a secure payment mode protecting personal information effectively and enhancing the consumers' willingness to consume is an important topic. This study discusses whether the bill collection and payment modes of four major groups of suppliers and consumers in the internet shopping behavior of Taiwan and China influence the consumers' shopping behavior. The research factors include satisfaction analysis, perceived risk analysis, and technology acceptance model (TAM), for analyzing whether the four groups will change their payment and bill collection modes. The suppliers and consumers of internet shopping were surveyed by e-questionnaire. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the area and demographic variables. Single factor ANOVA was performed to analyze the differences between two consumer groups of Taiwan and China in various aspects. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the questionnaire survey findings. The conclusions suggested that in terms of consumers' preference for payment mode, the satisfaction analysis found that the main influencing factors include security, convenience, privacy and confidence. The sensitivity of consumers of Taiwan is lower than that of China, but the security and confidence of consumers of China are in high negative correlation. In other words, the consumers of China pay attention to the two items, but they have considerable distrust. In the perceived risk analysis, the consumers of China have influences on social risks, meaning that they are afraid of falling behind the social status, and they care about outside impressions. In various views, the consumers of Taiwan are more concerned than the consumers of China, especially about financial issues. Therefore, it is suggested that the payment service providers and government units of Taiwan should strengthen the financial security mechanism jointly, so as to reduce the consumers' insecurity, and to improve the environment of internet shopping. In terms of suppliers' preference for collection mode, the security, convenience and confidence in collection mode of suppliers of Taiwan are apparently higher than that of suppliers of China, meaning that the suppliers of Taiwan trust the collection mode. In terms of collection environment in Taiwan, the payment is collected before delivery in most cases, the satisfaction is higher than that in China, and the suppliers are more willing to supply more goods and services. How the government mechanism obtains a new balance between supplier and consumer sides should still be concerned.

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Emad, Zohreh. „The relationship between fructose consumption and risk of obesity in two Aboriginal populations“. Thèse, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/3878.

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Résumé La prédominance de l'obésité qui touche les enfants et les adultes a augmenté dans le monde entier ces dernières décennies. Les différentes études épidémiologiques ont prouvé que l'obésité est devenue une préoccupation profonde de santé aux États-Unis et au Canada. Il a été montré que l'obésité a beaucoup d’effets sur la santé ainsi il serait important de trouver différentes causes pour le gain de poids. Il est clair que l'obésité soit la condition de multiples facteurs et implique des éléments génétiques et environnementaux. Nous nous concentrons sur les facteurs diététiques et particulièrement le fructose où sa consommation a parallèlement augmenté avec l'augmentation du taux d'obésité. La forme principale du fructose est le sirop de maïs à haute teneur en fructose (HFCS) qui est employé en tant qu'édulcorant primordial dans la plupart des boissons et nourritures en Amérique du Nord. Il a été suggéré que la prise du fructose serait probablement un facteur qui contribue à l’augmentation de la prédominance de l'obésité. L'objectif de cette étude était d'évaluer s'il y a un rapport entre la consommation du fructose et le risque d'obésité. Nous avons travaillé sur deux bases de données des nations Cree et Inuit. Nous avons eu un groupe de 522 adultes Cree, (263 femmes et 259 hommes) dans deux groupes d'âge : les personnes entre 20 et 40 ans, et les personnes de 40 à 60 ans. Nous les avons classés par catégorie en quatre groupes d'indice de masse corporelle (IMC). L'outil de collecte de données était un rappel de 24 heures. En revanche, pour la base de données d'Inuit nous avons eu 550 adultes (301 femmes et 249 hommes) dans deux groupes d'âge semblables à ceux du Cree et avec 3 catégories d’indice de masse corporelle. Les données dans la base d'Inuit ont été recueillies au moyen de deux rappels de 24 heures. Nous avons extrait la quantité de fructose par 100 grammes de nourriture consommés par ces deux populations et nous avons créé des données de composition en nourriture pour les deux. Nous avons pu également déterminer les sources principales du fructose pour ces populations. Aucun rapport entre la consommation du fructose et l’augmentation de l’indice de masse corporelle parmi les adultes de Cree et d'Inuit n’a été détecté. Nous avons considéré l’apport énergétique comme facteur confondant potentiel et après ajustement, nous avons constaté que l'indice de masse corporelle a été associé à l’apport énergétique total et non pas à la consommation du fructose. Puisque dans les études qui ont trouvé une association entre la consommation de fructose et l’obésité, le niveau de la consommation de fructose était supérieure à 50 grammes par jour et comme dans cette étude ce niveau était inférieur à cette limite (entre 20.6 et 45.4 g/jour), nous proposons que des effets negatifs du fructose sur la masse corporelle pourraient être testés dans des populations à plus haute consommation. Les essais cliniques randomisés et éventuelles études cohortes avec différents niveaux de consommation de fructose suivis à long terme pourraient aussi être utiles. Mots clés : fructose, sirop de maïs à haute teneur en fructose (HFCS), obésité et poids excessif
Summary The prevalence of obesity has increased worldwide in recent decades in both children and adults. Different epidemiologic studies have shown that obesity has become a serious health concern in United States and Canada. It has been proved that obesity has many adverse health outcomes so it is important to identify the different causes of weight gain. It is clear that obesity is a multifactor condition and involves both genetic and environmental elements. In this study, we focus on dietary factors, specifically the consumption of fructose that has increased in parallel to the increase in the obesity rate. The main form of fructose in the diet is high fructose corn syrup (HFCS) that is used principally as a sweetener in most beverages and foods in North America. It has been suggested that the intake of fructose may possibly be a contributing factor to the increased incidence of obesity. The objective of this study was to assess if there is a relationship between consumption of fructose and risk of obesity. We worked on two databases. The first database contained 24-hour recall data collected from a sample of 522 Cree adults (263 women and 259 men), divided into two age groups: people between 20 and 40 years old, and people from 40 to 60 years old. We categorized them into four body mass index (BMI) groups. The second database contained data from two 24-hour recalls administered to 550 Inuit adults (301 women and 249 men). These adults were divided into two age groups similar to Cree and with three BMI categories. The amount of fructose per 100 grams of food consumed by these two samples was calculated and we created food composition data for both. We also determined the main sources of fructose in these populations that was sugar sweetened beverages. Based on our results, we could not detect any relationship between consumption of fructose and an increase in BMI among Cree and Inuit adults. We considered energy intake as a potential cofounding factor and, after adjustment, we found that BMI was associated with total energy intake and not with the consumption of fructose. Since in studies that have found this association the level of fructose consumption was more than 50 grams per day but in this study, this level was lower than this limit ( from 20.6 to 45.4 g / day) , we suggest that negative effects of fructose on body weight may appear only at higher dose. Randomized clinical trials and prospective cohort studies using different levels of consumption with long term follow up could be useful. Key words: Fructose, High Fructose Corn Syrup (HFCS), Obesity, and Overweight

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35

Schoen, Alexander C. „Complex Vehicle Modeling: A Data Driven Approach“. Thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1805/21466.

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Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI)
This thesis proposes an artificial neural network (NN) model to predict fuel consumption in heavy vehicles. The model uses predictors derived from vehicle speed, mass, and road grade. These variables are readily available from telematics devices that are becoming an integral part of connected vehicles. The model predictors are aggregated over a fixed distance traveled (i.e., window) instead of fixed time interval. It was found that 1km windows is most appropriate for the vocations studied in this thesis. Two vocations were studied, refuse and delivery trucks. The proposed NN model was compared to two traditional models. The first is a parametric model similar to one found in the literature. The second is a linear regression model that uses the same features developed for the NN model. The confidence level of the models using these three methods were calculated in order to evaluate the models variances. It was found that the NN models produce lower point-wise error. However, the stability of the models are not as high as regression models. In order to improve the variance of the NN models, an ensemble based on the average of 5-fold models was created. Finally, the confidence level of each model is analyzed in order to understand how much error is expected from each model. The mean training error was used to correct the ensemble predictions for five K-Fold models. The ensemble K-fold model predictions are more reliable than the single NN and has lower confidence interval than both the parametric and regression models.

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36

Payne, Daniel Frederik. „The forecasting of transmission network loads“. Diss., 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/15752.

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The forecasting of Eskom transmission electrical network demands is a complex task. The lack of historical data on some of the network components complicates this task even further. In this dissertation a model is suggested which will address all the requirements of the transmission system expansion engineers in terms of future loads and market trends. Suggestions are made with respect to ways of overcoming the lack of historical data, especially on the point loads, which is a key factor in modelling the electrical networks. A brief overview of the transmission electrical network layout is included to provide a better understanding of what is required from such a forecast. Lastly, some theory on multiple regression, neural networks and qualitative forecasting techniques is included, which will be of value for further model developments.
Computing
M. Sc. (Operations Research)

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