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Muchtar, Hendi Suhendraya, und Alifah Indalika Mulyadi Razak. „BERMAIN SEBAGAI INTERVENSI UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KOMPETENSI SOSIAL ANAK“. JPUD - Jurnal Pendidikan Usia Dini 12, Nr. 2 (27.11.2018): 241–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.21009/jpud.122.05.
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This study aims to examine the play stimulation model to improve children's social competence. The study involved 100 children in the kindergarten age group. The types of play in this study are divided into four games patterns, namely the solitary independent play, parallel play, associative play, and cooperative play. Each play pattern is tested with four dimensions of social competence, which consist of self-concept, ability to manage emotions, prosocial and social-academic behavior. The results of this study indicate that more than 50% of the four dimensions of social competence are effectively stimulated through cooperative play patterns. Cooperative play patterns are effective for stimulating self-concept dimensions (10 of 15 behaviors), emotional management abilities (9 of 18 behaviors), social academics (7 of 15 behaviors), and prosocial behavior (17 of 23 behaviors). The pattern of associative play effectively stimulates the dimensions of self-concept (3 of 15 behaviors), emotional management skills (7 of 18 behaviors), prosocial behavior (4 of 23 behaviors), and social academics (3 of 15 behaviors). The effective parallel play and solitary independent play patterns of each play only stimulate 1 social competence behavior.
Keywords: cooperative play, associative play, parralel play, solitary independent play, social Competencies
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji model stimulasi permainan untuk meningkatkan kompetensi sosial anak. Penelitian ini melibatkan 100 anak pada kelompok usia taman kanak-kanak. Jenis permainan pada penelitian ini terbagi ke dalam empat pola permainan, yaitu solitary independent play, parralel play, associative play, dan cooperative play. Setiap pola permainan diujikan dengan empat dimensi kompetensi sosial, yang terdiri dari konsep diri, kemampuan mengelola emosi, perilaku prososial dan sosial-akademik. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa lebih dari 50% empat dimensi kompetensi sosial efektif distimulasi melalui pola permainan cooperative play. Pola permainan cooperative play efektif untuk menstimulasi dimensi konsep diri (10 dari 15 perilaku), kemampan mengelola emosi (9 dari 18 perilaku), sosial akademik (7 dari 15 perilaku), dan perilaku prososial (17 dari 23 perilaku). Pola permainan associative play efektif menstimulasi dimensi konsep diri (3 dari 15 perilaku), kemampuan mengelola emosi (7dari 18 perilaku), perilaku prososial (4 dari 23 perilaku), dan sosial akademik (3 dari 15 perilaku). Pola permainan parralel play dan solitary independent play masing-masing efektif hanya menstimulasi 1 perilaku kompetensi social.
Kata Kunci: Anak Usia Dini, Bermain Kooperatif, Bermain Asosiatif, Bermain paralel, Bermain soliter, Kompetensi sosial
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Parsons, Sandy. „Function of Play in Low Vision Children (Part 2): Emerging Patterns of Behavior“. Journal of Visual Impairment & Blindness 80, Nr. 6 (Juni 1986): 777–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0145482x8608000601.
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Patterns of play behavior in young low vision children in a structured free-play situation with toys were analyzed. The study included 18 children with low vision (20/200-20/800) ranging in age from 20 months to 4 years 4 months. A group of normally sighted peers was also included in the study. The children were videotaped during a 15-minute free-play session. The play behaviors were coded into four categories of play: functional, stereotypical, relational, and undifferentiated. The presence of visual impairment was associated with significantly less functional and more stereotypical play behavior indicating quantitative and qualitative differences between groups. Developmental patterns across age levels in the incidence of functional, stereotypical, active play and the number of different appropriate uses of toys generated were also analyzed. Significant main effects of visual impairment and age on these patterns were identified. Results provided evidence that the patterns of play in young children with low vision differ significantly from those of their normally sighted peers.
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Hrabec, Ondřej. „Categorizing Play Styles in Competitive Gaming“. International Journal of Gaming and Computer-Mediated Simulations 9, Nr. 4 (Oktober 2017): 62–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijgcms.2017100104.
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This article addresses the concept of play style, which has been insufficiently explored in research on video game players despite the diversity of empirically observable play styles in competitive gaming. The main proposition of this article is that play style is a pattern that predicts players' behavior, their perceptions and their interactions. A qualitative analysis was conducted to better understand the term “style” in gamer culture based on an extensive examination of players' texts and interviews with professional gamers and commentators. The results identify categories corresponding to seven general styles that relate to gamer terminology and play theory. The results also suggest a richness, dynamic interrelatedness and changeability of styles. Furthermore, there may be similarities among different play styles with regard to their activity components despite the different intentional patterns that direct players' behaviors.
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Bond, Alan, und Judy Diamond. „Social play in kaka (Nestor meridionalis) with comparisons to kea (Nestor notabilis)“. Behaviour 141, Nr. 7 (2004): 777–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1568539042265680.
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AbstractSocial play in the kaka (Nestor meridionalis), a New Zealand parrot, is described and contrasted with that of its closest relative, the kea (Nestor notabilis), in one of the first comparative studies of social play in closely related birds. Most play action patterns were clearly homologous in these two species, though some contrasts in the form of specific play behaviors, such as kicking or biting, could be attributed to morphological differences. Social play in kakas is briefer, more predictable, and less sequentially diverse than that shown by keas. Kaka play also appears to be restricted to fledglings and juveniles, while the behavior is more broadly distributed among age groups in keas. Play initiation behaviors were relatively more frequent in kakas and more tightly intercorrelated in occurrence. A primary grouping of action patterns in kakas consisted of arboreal play, which was rare in keas. The most striking species difference was exhibited in social object play, which is pervasive among keas, but which was not observed in kakas. Although the two species are morphologically similar, they differ strikingly in several aspects of their ecology and social behavior, including the duration of the association between juveniles and adults, the degree of exploratory behavior, and the flexibility of their foraging strategies. The observed species differences in play behavior are discussed in relation to the contrasting life histories in the two species, suggesting that many features of social play may reflect evolutionary responses to particular ontogenetic and ecological constraints.
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Rahmadhani, Angga Putra Surya, Dorta Simamora und Sukma Sahadewa. „Relationship between Knowledge and Attitude of Healthy Living with Healthy Behavior Patterns in Medical Students“. Jurnal Ilmiah Kedokteran Wijaya Kusuma 12, Nr. 1 (31.03.2023): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.30742/jikw.v12i1.1955.
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Medical students play an important role in promoting health because they are prospective doctors. Medical students are considered students who have sufficient knowledge and skills about a healthy lifestyle and have a positive attitude towards health. In fact, there are still many medical students who have not implemented a healthy lifestyle. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between knowledge and healthy living attitudes with healthy living behavior patterns in FK–UWKS students class 2018. The study used an observational quantitative approach with a cross-sectional study design with 150 respondents taken using the census method (total sampling). analysis technique using spearman rank test. The results showed that the level of knowledge of healthy living was quite high at 78.1% and positive attitudes about healthy living was 54.7%, while having unhealthy behavior patterns was 92.2%. The Spearman rank test showed that there was a relationship between knowledge of healthy living with healthy living behavior patterns p = 0.000 and a healthy lifestyle also had a relationship with healthy lifestyle behaviors p = 0.000. The conclusion of this study is that the pattern of healthy living behavior is not only influenced by knowledge but also by a healthy attitude.
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Kato-Lin, Yi-Chin, Uttara Bharath Kumar, Bhargav Sri Prakash, Bhairavi Prakash, Vasini Varadan, Sanjeeta Agnihotri, Nrutya Subramanyam, Pradeep Krishnatray und Rema Padman. „Impact of Pediatric Mobile Game Play on Healthy Eating Behavior: Randomized Controlled Trial“. JMIR mHealth and uHealth 8, Nr. 11 (18.11.2020): e15717. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/15717.
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Background Video and mobile games have been shown to have a positive impact on behavior change in children. However, the potential impact of game play patterns on outcomes of interest are yet to be understood, especially for games with implicit learning components. Objective This study investigates the immediate impact of fooya!, a pediatric dietary mobile game with implicit learning components, on food choices. It also quantifies children’s heterogeneous game play patterns using game telemetry and determines the effects of these patterns on players’ food choices. Methods We analyzed data from a randomized controlled trial (RCT) involving 104 children, aged 10 to 11 years, randomly assigned to the treatment group (played fooya!, a dietary mobile game developed by one of the authors) or the control group (played Uno, a board game without dietary education). Children played the game for 20 minutes each in two sessions. After playing the game in each session, the children were asked to choose 2 out of 6 food items (3 healthy and 3 unhealthy choices). The number of healthy choices in both sessions was used as the major outcome. We first compared the choice and identification of healthy foods between treatment and control groups using statistical tests. Next, using game telemetry, we determined the variability in game play patterns by quantifying game play measures and modeled the process of game playing at any level across all students as a Markov chain. Finally, correlation tests and regression models were used to establish the relationship between game play measures and actual food choices. Results We saw a significant main effect of the mobile game on number of healthy foods actually chosen (treatment 2.48, control 1.10; P<.001; Cohen d=1.25) and identified (treatment 7.3, control 6.94; P=.048; Cohen d=.25). A large variation was observed in children’s game play patterns. Children played an average of 15 game levels in 2 sessions, with a range of 2 to 23 levels. The greatest variation was noted in the proportion of scoring activities that were highly rewarded, with an average of 0.17, ranging from 0.003 to 0.98. Healthy food choice was negatively associated with the number of unhealthy food facts that children read in the game (Kendall τ=–.32, P=.04), even after controlling for baseline food preference. Conclusions A mobile video game embedded with implicit learning components showed a strong positive impact on children’s food choices immediately following the game. Game telemetry captured children’s different play patterns and was associated with behavioral outcomes. These results have implications for the design and use of mobile games as an intervention to improve health behaviors, such as the display of unhealthy food facts during game play. Longitudinal RCTs are needed to assess long-term impact. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04082195; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04082195, registered retrospectively.
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JABBOUR, Khayrazad Kari. „AN EXPLORATORY STUDY OF THE CRITICAL NEED FOR SCHOOL HEALTH PROGRAMS IN LEBANON“. Periódico Tchê Química 12, Nr. 24 (20.01.2013): 54–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.52571/ptq.v11.n20-21.2013.54_periodico20e21_pgs_54_64.pdf.
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Schools play a vital role in establishing healthy behavior patterns among young people which carry these patterns into adulthood. This article explores and collects information about school health programs and health practices in Lebanese schools. The investigation goal is to provide baseline information to school policy makers, administrators, and educators as they plan and implement coordinated school health policies and educational programs that can promote healthy behaviors among the Lebanese youth. Data for the study was obtained from extensive literature reviews and questionnaire surveys of school principles; in addition, interviews were added to the data results. The survey was conducted in the spring of year 2013.
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Gleason, John J. „Meaning of Play: Interpreting Patterns in Behavior of Persons with Severe Developmental Disabilities“. Anthropology & Education Quarterly 21, Nr. 1 (März 1990): 59–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/aeq.1990.21.1.05x1163s.
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Chai, Li Kheng, Kelly Rice-McNeil und Stewart G. Trost. „Patterns and Correlates of Sedentary Behavior in Children Attending Family Child Care“. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, Nr. 2 (15.01.2020): 549. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17020549.
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Public health authorities recommend young children should not be sedentary for more than one hour at a time. This study assessed the frequency and duration of sedentary bouts in children attending family child care homes (FCCHs); and examined associations with FCCH provider practices related to sedentary behaviors. Overall, 127 children (aged 3.5 ± 1.1 years) from 41 FCCHs participated in the study. Sedentary bouts were measured using an accelerometer worn for the duration of FCCHs attendance over a randomly selected week. Provider practices were assessed using the Nutrition and Physical Activity Self-Assessment for Child Care self-assessment instrument. Children attending FCCHs mostly accumulated short sedentary bouts (<5 min) with very few lasting more than 10 min. Boys exhibited significantly fewer sedentary bouts, and significantly less sedentary time in bouts than girls. Children attending FCCHs that met or exceeded childcare standards for outdoor active play, had portable play equipment, offered a variety of fixed play equipment, and/or adequate indoor play space exhibited significantly fewer sedentary bouts and significantly less sedentary time accumulated in short and medium length bouts. Programs encouraging FCCHs to adopt physical activity promoting practices could potentially reduce child sedentary time while in care.
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Cardiah, Tita, Irwan Sudarisman, Egha Fauzia Natasya, Amelya Rahmadani Putri, Alif Nurrahiim Senawianto und Andiyan Andiyan. „PATTERN OF SPACE DAN PERILAKU BERMAIN ANAK SEKOLAH SELAMA PENDIDIKAN JARAK JAUH (PJJ)“. Jurnal Arsitektur ARCADE 5, Nr. 3 (01.12.2021): 286. http://dx.doi.org/10.31848/arcade.v5i3.799.
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Abstract: Learning activities for school children during the Covid-19 pandemic were carried out using the Distance Learning method. Distance learning indirectly changes children's behavior both while studying and playing. The restriction of activities and play space for school children during Distance Learning method is a change that all children must face, including children living in housing. Pattern of Space and environmental settings, especially the residential environment, have a major influence on children's playing behavior. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method, which is to analyze through comparison of survey data and direct observation from two different residential environment settings. The result of the research is that different spatial patterns will affect children's play behavior patterns during distance learning, children's responses to spatial patterns, structure and character of environmental settings in play activities. The behavior and responses of different children become the design reference and produce basic data about the effect of pattern of greeting on children's playing behavior. Subsequent research on elements of the playroom in the New Normal.Abstrak: Kegiatan pembelajaran anak-anak sekolah pada masa pandemik Covid 19 ini dilaksanakan dengan metode Pembelajaran Jarak Jauh (PJJ). Pembelajaran Jarak Jauh secara tidak langsung merubah perilaku anak baik saat belajar maupun saat bermain. Pembatasan kegiatan dan ruang bermain anak-anak sekolah selama Pembelajaran Jarak Jauh merupakan suatu perubahan yang harus dihadapi semua anak-anak termasuk anak-anak yang tinggal di Perumahan. Pattern of Space dan setting lingkungan khususnya lingkungan perumahan berpengaruh besar terhadap perilaku bermain anak. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif yaitu menganalisis melalui komparasi data hasil survey dan observasi langsung dari dua setting lingkungan perumahan yang berbeda. Hasil penelitian adalah pola ruang yang berbeda akan mempengaruhi pola perilaku bermain anak-anak selama pembelajaran jarak jauh, respon anak-anak terhadap pola ruang, struktur dan karakter setting lingkungan dalam kegiatan bermain. Perilaku dan respon anak-anak yang berbeda menjadi acuan desain dan menghasilkan dasar data tentang pengaruh pattern of sapace terhadap perilaku bermain anak. Penelitian selanjutnya mengenai elemen ruang bermain dimasa New Normal.
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Brick, Tim. „SEQUENCE MINING FOR COMPLEX PATTERN FINDING“. Innovation in Aging 3, Supplement_1 (November 2019): S377. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igz038.1383.
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Abstract The processes of aging play out across multiple variables and multiple timescales, with patterns of daily, and weekly behavior that may be influenced by each other and by changes across the aging process. Further, many of these patterns do not fit neatly into the linear modeling approaches common in the field. Sequence mining, an approach from the data mining literature, provides a means of identifying commonalities and differences in these sequences in ways that can begin to handle the multivariate and multi-timescale nature of behaviors in aging. In this talk, I present an example of sequence mining to illustrate its ability to find arbitrarily complex patterns of behavior that characterize and distinguish groups and individuals.
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Siregar, Irnawati, und Zelmi Sriyolja. „Rancangan ruang bermain anak yang kreatif dan edukatif dengan pemanfaatan lahan fasilitas umum“. Dinamika Lingkungan Indonesia 7, Nr. 2 (30.07.2020): 111. http://dx.doi.org/10.31258/dli.7.2.p.111-115.
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The purpose of this study is to plan creative and educative children's play spaces, and to introduce social life at an early age. The problem in this study is that there is no playing environment for children under five and elementary school age, so that it affects the play patterns and creativity of children in their neighborhoods. Children are far from social life, tend to play games using electronic and virtual media. This research method is a qualitative descriptive method, employing surveys in research locations, interviews, observation of children's behavior, and playing patterns. The results of this study are in the form of creative and educative children's play planning by designing play spaces that can interact socially with children of different ages and businesses, as well as revive traditional games of regions that are almost extinct.
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Zheng, Jinzi. „Download Behavior Analysis Based on Google Play Store Data“. Advances in Economics, Management and Political Sciences 59, Nr. 1 (05.01.2024): 116–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2754-1169/59/20231091.
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As mobile apps continue to grow, app stores, as the main channel for users to download apps, are becoming increasingly important for developers and platforms. Understanding users 'download behavior and accurately predicting users' preferences and needs can effectively improve the effect of the recommendation system in the application mall, improve user experience and improve the download conversion rate. However, traditional rule-based recommender systems often face the problems of data sparsity and model complexity. Therefore, it is an urgent and valuable topic to analyze user download behavior combined with machine learning technology and to provide personalized recommendations and services. This study uses the download behavior information of Google Play Store users in 2018, and use three classic machine algorithms (linear regression, random forest and SVM) to model and predict the software rating, dig deep into various factors affecting the rating, and gain deep insight into users' preferences and behavior patterns. This will provide more accurate recommendation results for the application mall, improve the application quality and popularity, and improve the user satisfaction and loyalty, and provide an important reference for optimizing the recommendation system and personalized service of the application mall.
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Thomas, Kyla, Peter G. Szilagyi, Sitaram Vangala, Rebecca N. Dudovitz, Megha D. Shah, Nathalie Vizueta und Arie Kapteyn. „Behind closed doors: Protective social behavior during the COVID-19 pandemic“. PLOS ONE 18, Nr. 6 (28.06.2023): e0287589. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0287589.
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The success of personal non-pharmaceutical interventions as a public health strategy requires a high level of compliance from individuals in private social settings. Strategies to increase compliance in these hard-to-reach settings depend upon a comprehensive understanding of the patterns and predictors of protective social behavior. Social cognitive models of protective behavior emphasize the contribution of individual-level factors while social-ecological models emphasize the contribution of environmental factors. This study draws on 28 waves of survey data from the Understanding Coronavirus in America survey to measure patterns of adherence to two protective social behaviors–private social-distancing behavior and private masking behavior–during the COVID-19 pandemic and to assess the role individual and environmental factors play in predicting adherence. Results show that patterns of adherence fall into three categories marked by high, moderate, and low levels of adherence, with just under half of respondents exhibiting a high level of adherence. Health beliefs emerge as the single strongest predictor of adherence. All other environmental and individual-level predictors have relatively poor predictive power or primarily indirect effects.
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Sa'adah, Sa'adah, Mungin Eddy Wibowo und Sunawan Sunawan. „The Effectiveness of Cognitive Behavior Therapy Counseling to Reduce Bullying Behavior“. Jurnal Bimbingan Konseling 10, Nr. 2 (30.08.2021): 112–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/jubk.v10i2.49313.
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Schools play an important role in shaping and developing the potentials of students, in developing the potentials of students, it is necessary to create an attractive, safe, comfortable, and conducive school climate so that learning objectives are achieved, but unfortunately the rampant behaviour of bullying causes the classroom climate to be unsatisfactory. conducive and cause problems. The purpose of this study was to test the effectiveness of Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT) counselling to reduce bullying behaviour in students of SMP Negeri 2 Angsana. This study used the Single-Subject Design (SSD) method with multiple baseline cross-variable patterns conducted in 11 observation sessions consisting of 3 baseline A1 sessions, 6 intervention sessions and 3 baseline A2 sessions. In conducting observations, researchers used the Goal Attainment Scaling (GAS) instrument and analyzed using visual charts. The results showed that Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT) counselling was able to reduce bullying behaviour
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Brezina, Vladimir, Irina V. Orekhova und Klaudiusz R. Weiss. „Optimization of Rhythmic Behaviors by Modulation of the Neuromuscular Transform“. Journal of Neurophysiology 83, Nr. 1 (01.01.2000): 260–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.2000.83.1.260.
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We conclude our study of the properties and the functional role of the neuromuscular transform (NMT). The NMT is an input-output relation that formalizes the processes by which patterns of motor neuron firing are transformed to muscle contractions. Because the NMT acts as a dynamic, nonlinear, and modifiable filter, the transformation is complex. In the two preceding papers we developed a framework for analysis of the NMT and identified with it principles by which the NMT transforms different firing patterns to contractions. We then saw that, with fixed properties, the NMT significantly constrains the production of functional behavior. Many desirable behaviors are not possible with any firing pattern. Here we examine, theoretically as well as experimentally in the accessory radula closer (ARC) neuromuscular system of Aplysia, how this constraint is alleviated by making the properties of the NMT variable by neuromuscular plasticity and modulation. These processes dynamically tune the properties of the NMT to match the desired behavior, expanding the range of behaviors that can be produced. For specific illustration, we continue to focus on the relation between the speed of the NMT and the speed of cyclical, rhythmic behavior. Our analytic framework emphasizes the functional distinction between intrinsic plasticity or modulation of the NMT, dependent, like the contraction itself, on the motor neuron firing pattern, and extrinsic modulation, independent of it. The former is well suited to automatically optimizing the performance of a single behavior; the latter, to multiplying contraction shapes for multiple behaviors. In any case, to alleviate the constraint of the NMT, the plasticity and modulation must be peripheral. Such processes are likely to play a critical role wherever the nervous system must command, through the constraint of the NMT, a broad range of functional behaviors.
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Misra, Richa, Sonali Singh und Nidhi Singh. „Assessing Behavioral Patterns for Online Gaming Addiction“. International Journal of Cyber Behavior, Psychology and Learning 10, Nr. 2 (April 2020): 43–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijcbpl.2020040104.
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The purpose of the study is to identify the risk factors that predict online gaming addiction based on psychological factors. A sample of 150 respondents, who play online games or played in the past, were the respondents. Structured questionnaire is used to understand gaming behavior and other psychological factors. The following factors were found to be a predictor of online gaming addiction: emotional dependence, social withdrawal, detachment from other activities, and long hours spent playing games. Confirmatory factors analysis was used to identify critical factors and discriminant analysis was used to classify respondents as active and non-active online gamer based on their level of addiction and time spent in playing. The result shows a significant gap in the perception of active and non-active gamers with respect to the above-mentioned factors. The study brings valuable insights to medical practitioners and researchers in the context of defining problematic gaming behaviour.
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Kwon, Jae Hyun, Hyun Cheol Koo, Hyun Jung Yi und Suk Hee Han. „Edge Shape Effect on Switching Behavior in a Small Ferromagnetic Pattern“. Solid State Phenomena 124-126 (Juni 2007): 911–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.124-126.911.
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Switching behavior and domain structure greatly depends on the edge shape of mesoscopic patterns. In our simulation, permalloy patterns with elliptical and tapered edge need 80% and 50% more switching field, respectively, than a rectangle for the same overall aspect ratio of four. In the switching dynamics, vortex nucleation and its initial location play a great role in deciding switching field. Elliptical and tapered patterns show high magnetic remanence, which is advantageous for non-volatile device application. It is also demonstrated that small control of tapered edge makes it possible to change the switching behavior without the variation of overall aspect ratio.
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Grabiec, Mariusz, Dariusz Puczko, Tomasz Budzik und Grzegorz Gajek. „Snow distribution patterns on Svalbard glaciers derived from radio-echo soundings“. Polish Polar Research 32, Nr. 4 (01.01.2011): 393–421. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10183-011-0026-4.
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Snow distribution patterns on Svalbard glaciers derived from radio-echo soundings The spatial distribution of snow thickness on glaciers is driven by a set of climatological, meteorological, topographical and orographic conditions. This work presents results of snow accumulation studies carried out from 2006 to 2009 on glaciers of different types: valley glacier, ice plateau and ice cap. In order to determine snow depth, a shallow radio echo-sounding method was used. Based on the results, the following snow distribution patterns on Svalbard glaciers have been distinguished: precipitation pattern, precipitation-redistribution pattern, redistribution pattern and complex pattern. The precipitation pattern assumes that the snow distribution on glaciers follows the altitudinal gradient. If the accumulation gradient is significantly modified by local factors like wind erosion and redeposition, or local variability of precipitation, the accumulation pattern turns into the precipitation-redistribution pattern. In the redistribution pattern, local factors play a crucial role in the spatial variability of snow depth. The complex pattern, however, demonstrates the co-existence of different snow distribution patterns on a single glacial object (glacier/icecap/ice field).
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Constantine, Godwin Roger. „The Biological Basis of Performativity of Identity - Linking Scientific Evidence to Social Theory“. Journal of Ethnic and Cultural Studies 4, Nr. 2 (29.12.2017): 88. http://dx.doi.org/10.29333/ejecs/82.
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Identity is the essence of performance and performance is the essence of identity. Without identity our performance does not assume any cultural significance. Our relative identity allows our performance to be located in the socio-cultural space. Our identity forms the foundation for the discursive significance of our performance. However, our identity is not unique, it is established by performing a pre-existing script. The biological basis of identity can be understood by applying learning theories and by analyzing how these leant behavior is embedded in our neuronal network in the brain and how these behavior patterns are controlled by psychological factors to result in the identity we observe. Recent developments in the fields of neuroscience and functional neuro imaging have enabled us to study objectively the process of neural mechanisms and map areas of brain that are involved in learning various behavior patterns. These neuronal networks and the neuro transmitters play a key role in memory and behavior of animals. Aby studying the particular pattern of behavior and the brain area that mediates that behavior it will be possible to determine neuronal networks that control core identity characteristics and that control other less important characteristics. With the emergence of studies in neuroplasticity the possibility of relearning behaviors through new neuronal pathways may open new avenues to treat conditions that affect identity. Understanding the biological basis of identity will lead to widening of research area and better understanding of the concept.
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Walther, Carol S., und Dennis F. Corbin. „Migration Patterns and Marriage Equality“. Humanity & Society 42, Nr. 3 (30.11.2017): 325–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0160597617741336.
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Attitudes toward marriage equality have gradually become more accepting as more and more states have passed legislation that acknowledged full or partial recognition of marriage equality. Given the traditionally conservative behavior of the South, this article analyzes how regional migration patterns and time affect attitudes toward marriage equality from the 1988 and the 2004 to 2014 General Social Survey data sets using a generalized linear mixed model. We find that migrant southerners, migrant northerners, and native northerners are more likely to support marriage equality than native southerners are. Furthermore, time seems to also play a significant role in understanding trends in attitudes toward marriage equality. We conclude by suggesting future research.
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Pauers, Michael J., und Jeffrey S. Mckinnon. „Sexual selection on color and behavior within and between cichlid populations: Implications for speciation“. Current Zoology 58, Nr. 3 (01.06.2012): 475–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/czoolo/58.3.475.
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Abstract Sexual selection is widely viewed as playing a central role in haplochromine cichlid speciation. Hypothetically, once divergent mate preferences evolve among populations of these fishes, reproductive isolation follows and the populations begin to behave as different species. Various studies have examined patterns of assortative mating among species and sometimes populations, but few have examined variation in directional preferences, especially among populations of the same species. We investigated mate choice behavior in two populations of Labeotropheus fuelleborni, a Lake Malawi endemic. We test whether mating preferences between populations are based on the same traits and in the same direction as preferences within populations. We examine the potential contributions of two classes of trait, color patterns and behaviors, to reproductive isolation. When females chose between either two males of their own population, or two from another, female preferences were generally similar (for the female population) across the two contexts. Mate choice patterns differed between (female) populations for a measure of color, but only modestly for male behavior. In a separate experiment we simultaneously offered females a male of their own population and a male from a different population. In these trials, females consistently preferred males from their own population, which were also the males that displayed more frequently than their opponents, but not necessarily those with color traits suggested to be most attractive in the previous experiment. Thus directional preferences for chroma and related aspects of color may be important when females are presented with males of otherwise similar phenotypes, but may play little role in mediating assortative mating among populations with substantially different color patterns. A preference for male behavior could play some role in speciation if males preferentially court same-population females, as we have observed for the populations studied herein.
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Li, Jianfeng, und Dexiang Yang. „Research on Financial Fraud Detection Models Integrating Multiple Relational Graphs“. Systems 11, Nr. 11 (04.11.2023): 539. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/systems11110539.
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The current fraud risk in digital finance is increasing year by year, and the mainstream solutions rely on the inherent characteristics of users, which makes it difficult to explain fraud behaviors and fraud behavior patterns are less researched. To address these problems, we propose an integrated multiple relational graphs fraud detection model Tri-RGCN-XGBoost, which analyzes the impact of user association patterns on fraud detection by mining the behavioral associations of users. The model builds a heterogeneous information network based on real transaction data, abstracts three types of bipartite graphs (user–device, user–merchant, and user–address), aggregates the information of the user’s neighbor nodes under the three types of behavioral patterns, and integrates the graph convolution classification results under the three behavioral patterns with the XGBoost model to achieve fraudulent user detection with integrated multiple relational graphs. The results show that the performance of this model in fraud identification is significantly improved, especially in reducing the fraudulent user underreporting rate. Further, the behavioral associations that play a key role in fraud user identification are analyzed in conjunction with shape value to provide a reference for fraud pattern mining.
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Wahid, Muhammad, und Ahmad Fauzan. „GAME ONLINE SEBAGAI POLA PERILAKU“. KINESIK 8, Nr. 3 (31.12.2021): 275–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.22487/ejk.v8i3.225.
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The development of this technology has a big influence on its users, especially with the emergence of online gaming applications in smartphones. Gameonline is one of the things that are popular among gadget users, this can be seen with the emergence of various types of online games on the smartphone. With the presence of online games and excessive use will cause concern, especially on changes in attitudes and behavior patterns of its users. This research aims to find out and provide an overview of how the behavior patterns of Untad communication science students in doing activities to play Gameonline. Research methods use qualitative methods. Data collection techniques are in observations and depth interviews. The results showed that the behavior patterns of gameonline users showed significant changes, behavior patterns formed provided changes that are different from the previous one. Of course, this change in behavior patterns when they have known and started addicted to playing online games so that the changes that appear to change their daily habits.
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Zhang, Hanshu, Frederic Moisan und Cleotilde Gonzalez. „Rock-Paper-Scissors Play: Beyond the Win-Stay/Lose-Change Strategy“. Games 12, Nr. 3 (22.06.2021): 52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/g12030052.
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This research studied the strategies that players use in sequential adversarial games. We took the Rock-Paper-Scissors (RPS) game as an example and ran players in two experiments. The first experiment involved two humans, who played the RPS together for 100 times. Importantly, our payoff design in the RPS allowed us to differentiate between participants who used a random strategy from those who used a Nash strategy. We found that participants did not play in agreement with the Nash strategy, but rather, their behavior was closer to random. Moreover, the analyses of the participants’ sequential actions indicated heterogeneous cycle-based behaviors: some participants’ actions were independent of their past outcomes, some followed a well-known win-stay/lose-change strategy, and others exhibited the win-change/lose-stay behavior. To understand the sequential patterns of outcome-dependent actions, we designed probabilistic computer algorithms involving specific change actions (i.e., to downgrade or upgrade according to the immediate past outcome): the Win-Downgrade/Lose-Stay (WDLS) or Win-Stay/Lose-Upgrade (WSLU) strategies. Experiment 2 used these strategies against a human player. Our findings show that participants followed a win-stay strategy against the WDLS algorithm and a lose-change strategy against the WSLU algorithm, while they had difficulty in using an upgrade/downgrade direction, suggesting humans’ limited ability to detect and counter the actions of the algorithm. Taken together, our two experiments showed a large diversity of sequential strategies, where the win-stay/lose-change strategy did not describe the majority of human players’ dynamic behaviors in this adversarial situation.
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Kapidere, Metin. „Examination of prospective teachers' levels of using digital educational games“. Cypriot Journal of Educational Sciences 16, Nr. 4 (31.08.2021): 1936–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.18844/cjes.v16i4.6060.
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With the rapid development of technology, digital games have become an important part of the educational process. The purpose of this study was to investigate digital educational game usage behaviour in terms of demographic variables. The model of this study is a factorial pattern among multi-variant patterns that aim to reveal the effects of multiple independent variables together. In this study, prospective teachers’ digital educational game perceptions were considered as independent factorial patterns to observe the differences between gender, class level, education program, playing digital games and duration independent variable categories. The study group of the research consists of 230 teacher candidates who continue their education at Inonu University Faculty of Education. Digital Educational Game Perception Scale was used in this study. Perceptive awareness and perceptive control behaviors of male students are higher than female students. Prospective teachers playing digital games have higher levels of emotional dimension, perceptive awareness, perceptive control behavior and behavioral dimension. When the playing time is taken into account, the emotional dimension and perceptive awareness levels of those who play games for more than 10 hours are higher. The research can then be expanded by the other researcher or the other by obtaining qualitative opinions.
Keywords: Digital Games; Digital Educational Games; Digital Games Using; Prospective Teachers
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Ishariani, Linda. „PENGGUNAAN GADGET DAN SEDENTARY BEHAVIOUR PADA ANAK USIA PRASEKOLAH DI TAMAN KANAK-KANAK AISYAH BUSTANUL ATHFAL III PARE“. Jurnal Ilmiah Pamenang 2, Nr. 1 (27.06.2020): 36–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.53599/jip.v2i1.62.
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ABSTRACT
Introduction: The use of gadgets will cause changes patterns, lifestyles and activity in preschoolers. Children who play gadgets tend to be quiet and absorbed in their gadgets. This will cause the child to become less activity (sedentary behavior). Method: This study used a correlational research design with cross sectional approach. The sampling technique uses purposive sampling. The number of samples of this study were 45 respondents. The independent variable in this study is the use of gadgets, and the dependent variable is sedentary behavior. Results: The results show that the use of gadgets is mostly in the moderate category and sedentary behavior in the heavy category. Spearman test results, s Rho obtained ρ = 0.002 means that there is a relationship between the use of gadgets and sedentary behavior Discussion: The use of gadgets is related to sedentary behavior which is influenced by the child's sex, parental work and changes in behavior patterns. Suggestions for parents to always accompany children and play and provide activities that are appropriate for child development.
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Backus, Matthew, Thomas Blake, Brad Larsen und Steven Tadelis. „Sequential Bargaining in the Field: Evidence from Millions of Online Bargaining Interactions*“. Quarterly Journal of Economics 135, Nr. 3 (03.02.2020): 1319–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/qje/qjaa003.
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Abstract We study patterns of behavior in bilateral bargaining situations using a rich new data set describing back-and-forth sequential bargaining occurring in over 25 million listings from eBay’s Best Offer platform. We compare observed behavior to predictions from the large theoretical bargaining literature. One-third of bargaining interactions end in immediate agreement, as predicted by complete-information models. The majority of sequences play out differently, ending in disagreement or delayed agreement, which have been rationalized by incomplete information models. We find that stronger bargaining power and better outside options improve agents’ outcomes. Robust empirical findings that existing models cannot rationalize include reciprocal (and gradual) concession behavior and delayed disagreement. Another robust pattern at odds with existing theory is that players exhibit a preference for making and accepting offers that split the difference between the two most recent offers. These observations suggest that behavioral norms, which are neither incorporated nor explained by existing theories, play an important role in the success of bargaining outcomes.
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Marnewick, Carl, Gilbert Silvius und Ron Schipper. „Exploring Patterns of Sustainability Stimuli of Project Managers“. Sustainability 11, Nr. 18 (13.09.2019): 5016. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11185016.
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Sustainable project management is becoming important and the sustainability concepts of people, the planet and profit needs to be incorporated into any type of project. This article focuses on the behavior of the project manager per se and the stimuli patterns that motivate them to adhere to sustainable project management. Three stimuli patterns are used i.e., intrinsically motivated, pragmatic and task driven. To determine which of these patterns influence a project manager, a quantitative pair-wise comparison was used. Twelve statements were used in a pair-wise comparison resulting in a combination of 66 questions. A sample of 101 project managers was analyzed to determine the stimuli patterns. The results indicate that the most prevalent stimulus pattern is the intrinsically motivated pattern with the other two patterns equally important. The results are consistent across gender, age and types of projects as well as industries. It can be concluded that for this study, project managers incorporate sustainability because they feel that it is something they should do. The motivation to consider sustainability is dominated by their behavioral beliefs and the characteristics of the project, or the opinion of others, do not play a large role. This research contributes to the larger body of knowledge with regards to sustainable project management and specifically to the human behavior of project managers. This research addresses the gap that currently exists in current literature where the focus is on the product’s sustainability and sustainable processes.
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Wang, Saerom, Xinran Lehto und Liping Cai. „Creature of Habit or Embracer of Change? Contrasting Consumer Daily Food Behavior with the Tourism Scenario“. Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research 43, Nr. 4 (17.12.2018): 595–616. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1096348018817586.
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This research investigates tourist food consumption patterns and food choice motives while on trips, in comparison to their food behavior in the everyday life scenario. The results suggest that consumers’ food choice motives and behaviors during travel are inconsistent with their food regimens followed at home. In addition, gender is found to be a significant variable in explaining such inconsistencies. Implications pertaining to these findings are discussed in the context of tourism experience satisfaction and the role travel destinations can play in consumer wellness management.
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Cress, Cynthia. „Early Differences in Pre-Intentional Communication Patterns between Children with Typical Development and Children with Complex Communication Needs“. Perspectives on Augmentative and Alternative Communication 23, Nr. 4 (September 2014): 166–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/aac23.4.166.
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Although children with complex communication needs (CCN) may be identified during infancy, there is little information on systematic differences in social and communicative interaction patterns from typical expectations, particularly during the pre-intentional period. This article summarizes conclusions drawn from a research study (Cress et al., 2013) that contrasted pre-intentional communication behaviors in typically developing infants at 6–7 months with pre-intentional communication behaviors in children with CCN at an average of 20 months chronological age, and average 6–7 months receptive language age equivalence scores. Behaviors in both groups were analyzed from structured play video samples using coding from the Infant Social and Communication Behavior Scales (ISCBS), a prototype assessment of pre-intentional communication in infants (Cress, Olsen, Sabers, & Wetherby, 2012). Multiple differences emerged in communication patterns between these two groups at similar points in receptive language development that indicate very early divergence of social and communication patterns demonstrated by young children with CCN from typical expectations.
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Zahn-Waxler, Carolyn, Ronald J. Iannotti, E. Mark Cummings und Susan Denham. „Antecedents of problem behaviors in children of depressed mothers“. Development and Psychopathology 2, Nr. 3 (Juli 1990): 271–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579400000778.
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AbstractAggression observed in 2-year-old children of well and depressed mothers was examined in relation to problem behaviors at ages 5–6. Both normative (e.g., object struggles, rough play) and maladaptive (e.g., dysregulated, out-of-control behavior) forms of toddler aggression were identified. Dysregulated aggression predicted (a) externalizing problems reported by mothers when children were 5 years old, and (b) children's reports of difficulties during a structured psychiatric interview at age 6. Problems were more frequent and continuity patterns more evident in children of depressed, than well, mothers. Early maladaptive aggression was a better predictor of later externalizing, than internalizing problems. Childrearing practices of mothers of toddlers also appeared to contribute to later outcomes: negative influences were evident but protective patterns were present as well. Depressed mothers who used proactive childrearing approaches (e.g., anticipating the child's point of view; exerting modulated, respectful control; providing structure and organization during play environment) had children who showed fewer externalizing problems 3 years later.
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Barrett, Meg, Marco Campera, Thais Q. Morcatty, Ariana V. Weldon, Katherine Hedger, Keely Q. Maynard, Muhammad Ali Imron und K. A. I. Nekaris. „Risky Business: The Function of Play in a Venomous Mammal—The Javan Slow Loris (Nycticebus javanicus)“. Toxins 13, Nr. 5 (28.04.2021): 318. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins13050318.
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Immature mammals require opportunities to develop skills that will affect their competitive abilities and reproductive success as adults. One way these benefits may be achieved is through play behavior. While skills in developing use of tusks, antlers, and other weapons mammals have been linked to play, play in venomous animals has rarely been studied. Javan slow lorises (Nycticebus javanicus) use venom to aid in intraspecific competition, yet whether individuals use any behavioral mechanisms to develop the ability to use venom remains unclear. From April 2012 to December 2020, we recorded 663 play events and studied the factors influencing the frequency of play and the postures used during play in wild Javan slow lorises. Regardless of the presence of siblings, two thirds of play partners of young slow lorises were older and more experienced adults. Young lorises engaged in riskier behaviors during play, including using more strenuous postures and playing more in riskier conditions with increased rain and moonlight. We found that play patterns in immature lorises bear resemblance to venom postures used by adults. We suggest that play functions to train immature lorises to deal with future unexpected events, such as random attacks, as seen in other mammalian taxa with weapons. Given the importance of venom use for highly territorial slow lorises throughout their adult lives and the similarities between venom and play postures, we cannot rule out the possibility that play also prepares animals for future venomous fights. We provide here a baseline for the further exploration of the development of this unique behavior in one of the few venomous mammals.
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Lutkenhaus, Paul, Klaus E. Grossmann und Karin Grossmann. „Transactional Influences of Infants' Orienting Ability and Maternal Cooperation on Competition in Three-Year-Old Children“. International Journal of Behavioral Development 8, Nr. 3 (September 1985): 257–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/016502548500800302.
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The aims of this study were (1) to describe how three-year-olds regulate their effort during competition, (2) to compare their facial expressions after failure and success, and to demonstrate the operation of a display rule in competition, (3) to explore the cross-situational stability of individual patterns in the regulation of behavior, (4) to explore the relationship between factors influencing the mother-child interaction and individual patterns in the regulation of behavior. The Brazelton Neonatal Assessment scale was administered to 44 newborns. At three years, maternal cooperation was assessed from videotapes of mothers and children playing a pattern-matching game. Individual patterns in children's regulation of behavior were assessed by frequency counts of self-evaluations and withdrawal during the game. Competitiveness was assessed during a tower building task. The greatest number of glances at the tester's tower occurred when either of the competitors finished his/her tower first. Building speed was reduced when the tester finished his tower first. In the absence of eye contact with the opponent, success was followed by smiling and failure by a sad face; during eye contact, children mostly smiled. Patterns of building speed during a failure trial and a success trial were related to positive self-evaluations during mother-child play, to orienting scores at newborn age, and to maternal cooperation at the age of three.
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D'Alessio, M., und A. Zazzetta. „Development of Self-Touching Behavior in Childhood“. Perceptual and Motor Skills 63, Nr. 1 (August 1986): 243–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1986.63.1.243.
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The present research examined the influence of sex and age on self-touching behavior in children aged 4, 5, and 6 years. Observations of 160 children (80 boys and 80 girls) in free play-settings showed that the number of gestures satisfying the need of comfort were considerably lower for older children, and the “defensive” patterns were remarkably more frequent in boys than in girls. The other kinds of movements such as self-comfort gestures, building body image and self-presentation yielded no significant difference between the sexes.
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Gainotti, Guido. „Emotions and the Right Hemisphere: Editorial“. Brain Sciences 11, Nr. 12 (29.11.2021): 1579. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci11121579.
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The hypothesis assuming that the right hemisphere may play a critical role in emotional processing was raised by clinical data which showed that patients with right brain lesions often show abnormal patterns of emotional behavior [...]
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Brandtner, Annika, Silke M. Müller und Matthias Brand. „How expected and experienced reward and relief contribute to gaming-related mental imagery and gaming frequency in daily life: Testing a dual pathway hypothesis“. Journal of Behavioral Addictions 12, Nr. 3 (05.10.2023): 775–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/2006.2023.00050.
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AbstractBackground and aimsResearch on the development of gaming disorder assumes that the quality of reinforcement learning as well as the content of use expectancies are initially rewarding in the early stages of the addictive behavior and becomes steadily more compensatory in the later stages. This assumed transition could be reflected in gaming-related mental imagery as well as the decision to play videogames in daily life.MethodsWe recruited 127 individuals who play videogames. Following a strict diagnostic procedure, individuals were either classified as showing casual or at-risk gaming patterns. The experience and expectancy of reward and relief were assessed in the laboratory, followed by a 14-day ambulatory assessment asking for gaming-related mental imagery intensity and playing frequency. Besides group differences, we tested a gratification and a compensation pathway in a structural equation model among groups separately.ResultsResults indicate that mental imagery and playing frequency as well as reinforcement processes and use expectancies are heightened among individuals showing at-risk gaming patterns as compared to casual gaming patterns. Gaming-related mental imagery was only predicted by compensation among individuals showing casual gaming patterns, and we found no significant predictions for daily gaming frequency in any of the models.Discussion and conclusionsThe results implicate that individuals with at-risk gaming patterns might hold stronger learned reinforcement contingencies. Daily usage seems unaffected by these contingencies, possibly indicative of habitualized behaviors. Additionally, the results provide some support for the consideration of imaginal desire thoughts as a specific coping mechanism in the context of gaming behaviors.
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DAWSON, GERALDINE, KARIN FREY, JOANNA SELF, HERACLES PANAGIOTIDES, DAVID HESSL, EMILY YAMADA und JULIE RINALDI. „Frontal brain electrical activity in infants of depressed and nondepressed mothers: Relation to variations in infant behavior“. Development and Psychopathology 11, Nr. 3 (September 1999): 589–605. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579499002229.
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In previous studies, infants of depressed mothers have been found to exhibit reduced left frontal brain electrical activity (EEG). The left frontal region has been hypothesized to mediate social approach behaviors and positive affective expression. These findings raise important questions about the cause and nature of atypical EEG patterns in infants of depressed mothers. The present study begins to address some of these questions by examining whether or not variations in patterns of frontal brain activity in infants of depressed and nondepressed mothers are related to variations in infant behavior as observed in naturalistic situations. If such relations exist, are they specific to certain behaviors hypothesized to be mediated by the frontal region (i.e., positive approach behaviors)? Frontal and parietal brain electrical activity was recorded from 14- to 15-month old infants of depressed versus nondepressed mothers during a baseline condition and during conditions designed to elicit interest and positive affect. Infant behavior was observed in naturalistic play conditions, with and without mother, on a separate day from EEG testing. Mothers provided information on infant temperament. Infants of depressed mothers showed less affection and touching of their mothers. For infants of depressed mothers only, reduced left frontal brain activity was found to be related to lower levels of affection toward mother, but not to infant temperament. Furthermore, increased generalized frontal activation was found to be related to higher levels of negative affect, hostility, and tantrums and aggression. Relations between infant brain activity and behavior were not found for parietal EEG activity. These results suggest that infant frontal electrical brain activity is related to variations in infant behavior, especially those involved in positive affiliative behavior and the expression and regulation of negative affect. The nature and cause of atypical patterns of brain activity and question of whether such atypical patterns of frontal brain activity predispose infants to affective disorders in later life are discussed.
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Sharma, Aasha, und Cyril Foropon. „Green product attributes and green purchase behavior“. Management Decision 57, Nr. 4 (18.04.2019): 1018–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/md-10-2018-1092.
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PurposeNowadays, understanding green consumers has become very critical given its implications for marketers to understand and communicate green purchase patterns on the one hand, and to design and strategize both product offerings and customer services on the other hand. The purpose of this paper is to examine the interaction effect of product attributes on the degree of environment concern, the intention of green purchase and a series of green purchase proposed patterns. This paper is built on the theory of planned behavior, and expands it by replacing subjective norms and perceived behavioral control with respectively environmental knowledge and perceived consumer effectiveness, and also by extending purchase behavior to three types of purchase patterns, namely, unconditional purchase, conditional purchase and accidental purchase.Design/methodology/approachThe interaction effect is analyzed through ANOVA, whereas path analysis is used to understand path strengths of proposed model, which is assessed through standardized regression weights and significance throughp-value.FindingsOverall, this study reveals the importance of product attributes in the decision-making process of green purchasers.Research limitations/implicationsThis study deals with environmental behavior in general, and further research with a focus on specific behaviors is needed in this field investigating the rise of green consumption.Practical implicationsProduct attributes play a role in the decision making of consumers willing to buy green products, and both communication and promotion of green products should integrate product attributes accordingly.Originality/valueWorldwide, consumers are buying more and more green products, and this study leads to a better understanding of the decision-making process of consumers’ green products.
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Mühlematter, Christophe, Matthieu Beaugrand, Andjela Markovic und Salome Kurth. „Associations between Social Contact, Sleep and Dietary Patterns among Children: A Cross-Sectional Study“. Foods 13, Nr. 6 (15.03.2024): 900. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods13060900.
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Social isolation in adults can be associated with altered sleep and eating behavior. This study aimed to investigate the interactions between the extent of social contact, eating behavior and sleep in infants and preschool children. In an observational study, 439 caregivers of 562 children aged 0–6 years provided information on sleep (i.e., duration, latency, bedtimes and nighttime awakenings), eating behaviors (i.e., meal size, consumption of sweet snacks, salty snacks, fruits and vegetables) and social contact (i.e., quarantine status, household size, social activities) during the COVID-19 pandemic (April 2020). In infants (0–3 years), the change in meal size and consumption of snacks, fruits, and vegetables did not significantly relate to the extent of social contact. For preschool children (3–6 years), a trend was observed, suggesting that quarantine status was associated with increased meal size. Changes in sleep duration, sleep latency, bedtimes and nighttime awakenings from before to during the pandemic were not significantly linked to the three variables quantifying social contact in both age groups. This study highlights that, contrary to expectations, the extent of social contact has negligible associations with infants’ and preschool children's sleep and eating behaviors. These findings indicate that other factors beyond social isolation play a role in shaping children's eating habits and sleep patterns.
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Zheng, Huizhuo, Chenchen Zhu, Ho Yung und Peiyu Feng. „Marketing Strategies During the Time of Covid-19--What Role does Customer Behaviour Changes Play?“ Advances in Economics, Management and Political Sciences 3, Nr. 1 (21.03.2023): 590–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2754-1169/3/2022839.
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This paper discusses both the psychological and physical effects of COVID-19 on customer behavior changes and elaborates on companies approaches to address these changes through marketing strategies and marketing policies. By comparing with the Global Financial Crisis (GFC), the paper analyzes the similar change patterns in customer behavior that COVID-19 shares with GFC and what marketers can leverage from historical experiences. However, the public-health concerns have been playing significant part during this crisis when it comes to customer behavior changes, such as restricted mobilities have been incentivizing customers to shop in different categories and to rely on online services more than ever. In this paper, cases covering different industries have been studied and presented to illustrate how marketers can utilize their technical skills to make the unique charlatanistic of this crisis an opportunity to help the organization to grow.
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Lee, Seung-Eun, Yeonjin Kim und Ju-Hyun Song. „Examining Developmental Trajectories and Predictors of Childhood Prosocial Behavior: Effects of Peer Play Interactions and Self-Control“. Korean Journal of Child Studies 44, Nr. 3 (31.08.2023): 265–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.5723/kjcs.2023.44.3.265.
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Objectives: This study aimed to classify latent groups based on the developmental trajectories of prosocial behavior in early childhood. In addition, it aimed to verify whether peer play interactions (play interaction, play disruption, and play disconnection) and self-control during preschool years have significant influences on the classification of latent groups.Methods: This study included 1,201 children(617 males, 51.4%; 584 females, 48.6%) drawn from the 7th, and 9th-11th waves of the Panel Study on Korean Children (PSKC). Latent class growth modeling was used to analyze the data.Results: The patterns of changes in prosocial behavior in early childhood were classified into three groups: high-increasing, moderate-stable, and low-decreasing. Among the predictors, play interaction, play disruption, and self-control significantly affected the classification of the latent groups. Specifically, children who exhibited high levels of play interaction and low levels of play disruption during the preschool years were more likely to belong to the high-increasing group, indicating a more positive prosocial behavior. However, those with low self-control were more likely to belong to the low-decreasing group, showing a relatively negative developmental trajectory of prosocial behavior.Conclusion: This study confirmed heterogeneities in the developmental trajectories of prosocial behavior in early childhood, differentially predicted by preschool-age peer interaction qualities and self-regulation. The findings highlight the importance of taking a comprehensive approach in early childhood education to enhance children's prosocial behavior development utilizing both interpersonal and intrapersonal factors during preschool years.
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Parsons, Sandy. „Function of Play in Low Vision Children (Part 1): A Review of the Research and Literature“. Journal of Visual Impairment & Blindness 80, Nr. 3 (März 1986): 627–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0145482x8608000302.
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Play is important in the growth and development of young children. Throughout the early years, play routines provide opportunities for learning new information and perfecting new skills. Many benefits of play have been discussed in the literature including concepts acquired, developing competence, releasing tension, and therapeutic results. Other uses of play include an alternative approach to assessment and intervention programming. This review synthesizes viewpoints on the various functions of play, and provides an overview of available information on effects of visual impairment on play patterns. The importance of play as a medium for learning and a showcase of acquired concepts is stressed. Specific needs for research on the play behavior of young children with low vision are identified.
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Abdul Fatahillah und Ummu Habibah Hakim. „Menemukan Tren Baru di Kalangan Pemuda: Analisis Pola Praktik Perjudian Toto Gelap di Kabupaten Klaten“. ASKETIK 7, Nr. 1 (30.06.2023): 121–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.30762/asketik.v7i1.992.
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From the perspective of religion, positive law, and noble values that develop in society, Toto Gelap (togel) gambling is considered a negative behavior. However, in reality, gambling is still favored by the community, including the youth of the Klaten Selatan sub-district, who are supposed to be agents of change. This study aimed to analyze the practice of dark toto gambling from the perspective of Islamic Law Sociology. This research includes qualitative research using a sociological approach in which the Theory of Social Behavior is used as an analytical knife. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation. The results showed that the existence of togel gambling can be described in several practice patterns, including gambling patterns for profit, gambling patterns for entertainment, gambling patterns to try luck, and gambling patterns due to easy access to play. The playing factors are the benefit factors and players’ perceptions of gambling. Gambling on a togel is included in the category of operant behavior, where gambling behavior can be formed and learned from a learning process, and is prone to be repeated because there are benefits of gambling on the togel.
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Wenig, Katharina, Palmyre H. Boucherie und Thomas Bugnyar. „Early evidence for emotional play contagion in juvenile ravens“. Animal Cognition 24, Nr. 4 (09.01.2021): 717–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10071-020-01466-0.
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AbstractPerceiving, evaluating and reacting towards conspecifics’ emotional states are important challenges of social group living. Emotional contagion describes an alignment of emotional states between individuals and is widely believed to be based on behavioral synchronization, i.e., behavioral contagion. As basic empathy-like processes, the occurrence of both forms of contagion seems to underlie early ontogenetic trajectories in humans and non-human species. In the present study, we assessed play as a context for studying the development of emotional contagion and its interlink with behavioral contagion in ten juvenile common ravens. Ravens are exceptional players that engage in all three forms of play: object, locomotion and social play. To assess potential ontogenetic patterns of both behavioral and emotional contagion, we tested juvenile ravens at two different periods of early development, at three- and six-month post-hatching. We elicited object play in one or several ravens (demonstrators) in a standardized experimental environment, using a playground setup. At both test ages, we found evidence for emotional contagion as observer ravens showed an increase of locomotion and social play after we provided the demonstrator(s) with the playground setup, but no significant changes in the amount of object play. Hence, observers did not copy motor patterns from demonstrator(s) but engaged in other forms of play. Our findings speak for a transfer of a general mood state in the context of play in ravens as young as 3 months and against behavioral mimicry as a precondition for emotional contagion.
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Kim, Jaewon (Justine), Gi-Eun Lee und Jang-Han Lee. „The visual attentional pattern toward smoking area signs in legal and illegal cigarette smokers: Preliminary findings“. Korean Data Analysis Society 25, Nr. 1 (28.02.2023): 25–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.37727/jkdas.2023.25.1.25.
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Attentional patterns towards signs of smoking area might be different on individual levels. This would play a significant role in the decision-making process of illegal smoking behavior. In order to understand and effectively intervene the such behavior, this study aims to investigate the attentional pattern of the legal and illegal smokers toward the area signs (e.g. smoking area vs. no-smoking area) using a free viewing task and eye-tracking method. The participants were grouped into 25 legal smokers groups (LSG) and 15 illegal smokers groups (ISG) based on their usual smoking spots specified in the self-report questionnaire. During the free-viewing task where their visual attentional pattern was measured by an eye-tracking method, the participants were presented with eight pictorial stimuli with the area signs and the smoking-related cues. To examine the initial orientation process, the initial fixation latency, total dwell time, and dwell time by time blocks were analyzed for the smoking area signs. As a result, while LSG showed faster initial fixation toward the smoking area signs than no-smoking area signs, ISG did not. Also, LSG showed higher proportion of initial visual attention to smoking area signs. These findings suggest that the initial orienting attentional pattern of LSG toward the area signs might play a significant role in the legal smoking behavior.
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Šmit, Marija, Antun Biloš und Davorin Turkalj. „Internet usage and related behavior patterns of primary school children“. Ekonomski vjesnik 34, Nr. 2 (2021): 307–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.51680/ev.34.2.5.
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Purpose: Children in the Republic of Croatia are, as everywhere else in the world, active users of information and communication i.e. digital technologies, which is reflected in their daily habits and routines in the digital environment. The purpose of this paper is to find out if there are gender-based differences in behavior and established habits in the digital environment between boys and girls. Methodology: Quantitative research was carried out using the CAWI method among 400 parents or guardians in the Republic of Croatia who provided answers on (their own) children of primary school age. This paper focuses on the segment of children and their gender, i.e. the existence (or the lack of existence) of differences in the behavior of boys and girls in a digital environment. The statistically significant differences are demonstrated by testing various variables between the two above-mentioned segments. Results: The research results indicate that, on average, girls and boys start to use the Internet at the same age, approximately at the age of 6. However, there are noticeable differences between the sexes in terms of the habits and in the way they use the Internet. Conclusion: The conclusion shows that boys more frequently have desktop computers, laptops, and gaming consoles, and prefer to play online games and spend time in the online world, while girls more often post and publicly share photos, video records, and music. They equally use the Internet on weekdays, but boys spend more time on Internet activities on weekends.
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De Groote, Sandy, und Jung Mi Scoulas. „Health sciences faculty publication patterns and related information-seeking behavior“. Journal of the Medical Library Association 112, Nr. 2 (22.05.2024): 73–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.5195/jmla.2024.1789.
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Objectives: This study aims to explore how health science faculty publication patterns at a large public research university have changed over time and examine how productivity relates to their information-seeking behavior and perception of the academic library. Methods: Two datasets were utilized: one consisted of publication records of health sciences faculty spanning a 15-year period, while the other was from a faculty survey exploring faculty's perception of and satisfaction with library resources and services related to their research. Results: Health sciences faculty publication patterns have changed over time, characterized by greater productivity, collaboration, and use of literature in their publications. Faculty's literature use correlates with productivity, as evidenced by both datasets. The survey revealed that faculty with more publications tend to rely more on online journals and Interlibrary Loan (ILL). Similarly, the publication data indicated that less productive faculty tended to use fewer references in their publications. Discussion: The publication data and survey results offer valuable insights into the health sciences faculty's information-seeking behavior and productivity. Online access to information has been effective in facilitating use of information, as indicated by the greater incorporation of references in publications. Conclusion: The study highlights the changing publication patterns and productivity of health sciences faculty, as well as the role academic libraries play in supporting their research and publishing activities. Although multiple variables influence faculty access to and use of information, faculty attitudes towards the library and use of the library are related to faculty research and productivity.
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JAMESON, PENNY B., DONNA M. GELFAND, ELISABETH KULCSAR und DOUGLAS M. TETI. „Mother–toddler interaction patterns associated with maternal depression“. Development and Psychopathology 9, Nr. 3 (September 1997): 537–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579497001296.
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Interactive coordination was observed in laboratory play interactions of pairs of 29 clinically depressed and 14 nondepressed mothers and their 13–29-month-old children (M = 18.9 months). Nondepressed mothers and their children displayed more interactive coordination than depressed-mother dyads (p < .001). Depressed mothers were less likely to repair interrupted interactions, and their toddlers were less likely to maintain interactions than nondepressed controls. Toddlers matched their nondepressed but not their depressed mothers' negative behavior rates. Results suggested that early interventions focus on training mothers to attend to, maintain, and repair mother–child interactions to more closely approximate normal levels of interactive coordination.
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Rizaldy, Mohammad, Ria Wikantari und Mohammad Mochsen Sir. „Hubungan Pola Perilaku Pengunjung dengan Karakteristik Arsitektur Istana Datu Luwu Kota Palopo“. ATRIUM: Jurnal Arsitektur 9, Nr. 2 (12.09.2023): 125–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.21460/atrium.v9i2.219.
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Title: The Relationship between Visitor Behavior Patterns and the Architectural Characteristics of Datu Luwu Palace, Palopo City The research aims to find the relationship between visitor behavior patterns and the architectural characteristics of the Datu Luwu Palace in Palopo City. Datu Luwu Palace has important historical and cultural significance as a historical building complex in South Sulawesi. Factors such as the layout, visual design, and architectural elements within the palace can influence visitor behavior patterns. The research used a qualitative approach with a survey of visitors. Data were analyzed using spatial techniques to identify visitor behavior patterns and their relationship to the architectural characteristics of the palace. The results show a significant relationship between visitor behavior patterns, visit time, activities, and space preferences with the architectural characteristics of the Datu Luwu Palace. Architectural characteristics, such as traditional ornamentation, room layout, and materials, play an important role in shaping visitors' experiences and their activities within the palace. Research provides new insights into the management and development of historic tourist destinations. By better understanding the influence of architectural characteristics on visitor behavior patterns, tourism authorities and managers can take more effective steps to maintain, preserve, and enhance the visitor experience. The results of the research can be the basis for better planning in maintaining historical and cultural values, and on the other hand, fulfilling visitors' expectations in exploring tourist destinations. Research has a positive impact on the development and promotion of South Sulawesi's cultural heritage.