Zeitschriftenartikel: „Plant molecular genetics“

1

Pánková, K. „Stephen H. Howell – Molecular Genetics of Plant Development“. Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding 38, No. 3-4 (01.08.2012): 135–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/6250-cjgpb.

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2

Gold, Scott. „Plant molecular genetics“. Crop Protection 16, Nr. 5 (August 1997): 491. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0261-2194(97)84559-0.

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3

Meinke, D. W. „Molecular Genetics of Plant Embryogenesis“. Annual Review of Plant Physiology and Plant Molecular Biology 46, Nr. 1 (Juni 1995): 369–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.pp.46.060195.002101.

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4

Watanabe, K. N., und J. A. Watanabe. „Genetic Diversity and Molecular Genetics of Ornamental Plant Species“. Biotechnology & Biotechnological Equipment 14, Nr. 2 (Januar 2000): 19–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13102818.2000.10819081.

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5

Staskawicz, B., F. Ausubel, B. Baker, J. Ellis und J. Jones. „Molecular genetics of plant disease resistance“. Science 268, Nr. 5211 (05.05.1995): 661–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.7732374.

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6

Meyerowitz, E. M., und R. E. Pruitt. „Arabidopsis thaliana and Plant Molecular Genetics“. Science 229, Nr. 4719 (20.09.1985): 1214–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.229.4719.1214.

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7

Hightower, Robin C., und Richard B. Meagher. „THE MOLECULAR EVOLUTION OF ACTIN“. Genetics 114, Nr. 1 (01.09.1986): 315–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/114.1.315.

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ABSTRACT We have investigated the molecular evolution of plant and nonplant actin genes comparing nucleotide and amino acid sequences of 20 actin genes. Nucleotide changes resulting in amino acid substitutions (replacement substitutions) ranged from 3-7% for all pairwise comparisons of animal actin genes with the following exceptions. Comparisons between higher animal muscle actin gene sequences and comparisons between higher animal cytoplasmic actin gene sequences indicated <3% divergence. Comparisons between plant and nonplant actin genes revealed, with two exceptions, 11-15% replacement substitution. In the analysis of plant actins, replacement substitution between soybean actin genes SAc1, SAc3, SAc4 and maize actin gene MAc1 ranged from 8-10%, whereas these members within the soybean actin gene family ranged from 6-9% replacement substitution. The rate of sequence divergence of plant actin sequences appears to be similar to that observed for animal actins. Furthermore, these and other data suggest that the plant actin gene family is ancient and that the families of soybean and maize actin genes have diverged from a single common ancestral plant actin gene that originated long before the divergence of monocots and dicots. The soybean actin multigene family encodes at least three classes of actin. These classes each contain a pair of actin genes that have been designated kappa (SAc1, SAc6), lambda (SAc2, SAc4) and mu (SAc3, SAc7). The three classes of soybean actin are more divergent in nucleotide sequence from one another than higher animal cytoplasmic actin is divergent from muscle actin. The location and distribution of amino acid changes were compared between actin proteins from all sources. A comparison of the hydropathy of all actin sequences, except from Oxytricha, indicated a strong similarity in hydropathic character between all plant and nonplant actins despite the greater number of replacement substitutions in plant actins. These protein sequence comparisons are discussed with respect to the demonstrated and implicated roles of actin in plants and animals, as well as the tissue-specific expression of actin.

8

Paolis, Angelo, Giovanna Frugis, Donato Giannino, Maria Iannelli, Giovanni Mele, Eddo Rugini, Cristian Silvestri et al. „Plant Cellular and Molecular Biotechnology: Following Mariotti’s Steps“. Plants 8, Nr. 1 (10.01.2019): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants8010018.

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This review is dedicated to the memory of Prof. Domenico Mariotti, who significantly contributed to establishing the Italian research community in Agricultural Genetics and carried out the first experiments of Agrobacterium-mediated plant genetic transformation and regeneration in Italy during the 1980s. Following his scientific interests as guiding principles, this review summarizes the recent advances obtained in plant biotechnology and fundamental research aiming to: (i) Exploit in vitro plant cell and tissue cultures to induce genetic variability and to produce useful metabolites; (ii) gain new insights into the biochemical function of Agrobacterium rhizogenes rol genes and their application to metabolite production, fruit tree transformation, and reverse genetics; (iii) improve genetic transformation in legume species, most of them recalcitrant to regeneration; (iv) untangle the potential of KNOTTED1-like homeobox (KNOX) transcription factors in plant morphogenesis as key regulators of hormonal homeostasis; and (v) elucidate the molecular mechanisms of the transition from juvenility to the adult phase in Prunus tree species.

9

Motley, Timothy J. „Molecular Markers in Plant Genetics and Biotechnology“. Brittonia 56, Nr. 3 (August 2004): 294. http://dx.doi.org/10.1663/0007-196x(2004)056[0294:br]2.0.co;2.

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10

Raikhel, Natasha V., und Robert L. Last. „The Wide World of Plant Molecular Genetics“. Plant Cell 5, Nr. 8 (August 1993): 823. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3869651.

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11

Lexer, Christian, und Dominique de Veinne. „Molecular Markers in Plant Genetics and Biotechnology“. Kew Bulletin 59, Nr. 2 (2004): 334. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4115880.

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12

Raikhel, N. V., und R. L. Last. „The Wide World of Plant Molecular Genetics“. Plant Cell 5, Nr. 8 (01.08.1993): 823–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1105/tpc.5.8.823.

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13

Oh, Jung-Kyun, Je-Chang Woo und Nam-Soo Kim. „Meeting report: plant genetics and molecular biology“. Genes & Genomics 36, Nr. 2 (28.02.2014): 125–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13258-014-0179-8.

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14

Suzuki, Masashi, und Toshiya Muranaka. „Molecular Genetics of Plant Sterol Backbone Synthesis“. Lipids 42, Nr. 1 (19.12.2006): 47–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11745-006-1000-5.

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15

WANG, Yun-Sheng. „Recent progress in plant molecular population genetics“. HEREDITAS 29, Nr. 10 (2007): 1191. http://dx.doi.org/10.1360/yc-007-1191.

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16

Purugganan, M. D., und S. R. Wessler. „Molecular evolution of the plant R regulatory gene family.“ Genetics 138, Nr. 3 (01.11.1994): 849–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/138.3.849.

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Abstract Anthocyanin pigmentation patterns in different plant species are controlled in part by members of the myc-like R regulatory gene family. We have examined the molecular evolution of this gene family in seven plant species. Three regions of the R protein show sequence conservation between monocot and dicot R genes. These regions encode the basic helix-loop-helix domain, as well as conserved N-terminal and C-terminal domains; mean replacement rates for these conserved regions are 1.02 x 10(-9) nonsynonymous nucleotide substitutions per site per year. More than one-half of the protein, however, is diverging rapidly, with nonsynonymous substitution rates of 4.08 x 10(-9) substitutions per site per year. Detailed analysis of R homologs within the grasses (Poaceae) confirm that these variable regions are indeed evolving faster than the flanking conserved domains. Both nucleotide substitutions and small insertion/deletions contribute to the diversification of the variable regions within these regulatory genes. These results demonstrate that large tracts of sequence in these regulatory loci are evolving at a fairly rapid rate.

17

Bennett, J. W. „From molecular genetics and secondary metabolism to molecular metabolites and secondary genetics“. Canadian Journal of Botany 73, S1 (31.12.1995): 917–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b95-339.

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Secondary metabolites constitute a huge array of low molecular weight natural products that cannot be easily defined. Largely produced by bacteria, fungi, and green plants, they tend to be synthesized after active growth has ceased, in families of similar compounds, often at the same time as species-specific morphological characters become apparent. Although, in many cases, the function that the secondary metabolite performs in the producing organism is unknown, the bioactivity of these compounds has been exploited since prehistoric times as drugs, poisons, food flavoring agents, and so forth. In fungi, the polyketide family is the largest known group of secondary metabolite compounds. Polyketides are synthesized from acetate by a mechanism analogous to fatty acid biosynthesis but involving changes in oxidation level and stereochemistry during the chain-elongation process. The fungal polyketide biosynthetic pathways for aflatoxin and patulin have emerged as model systems. The use of blocked mutants has been an essential part of the research approach for both pathways. Molecular methods of studying fungal secondary metabolites were first used with penicillin and cephalosporin, both of which are amino acid derived. Most of the basic molecular work on polyketides was done with streptomycete-derived compounds; however, enough fungal data are now available to compare fungal and streptomycete polyketide synthases, as well as to map the genes involved in a number of polyketide pathways from both groups. The traditional dogma, derived from classical genetics, that genes for fungal pathways are unlinked, has been overturned. In addition, cloning of structural genes facilitates the formation of hybrid molecules, and we are on the brink of understanding certain regulatory functions. Key words: fungal metabolism, secondary metabolism, polyketide, β-lactam, product discovery.

18

Koornneef, Maarten. „A Central Role for Genetics in Plant Biology“. Annual Review of Plant Biology 72, Nr. 1 (17.06.2021): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-arplant-071720-111039.

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This article describes my involvement in the development of genetics as an essential tool in the integrated study of plant biology. My research comes from a strong background in plant genetics based on my education as a plant breeder at Wageningen University and collaborations with plant physiologists and molecular geneticists in Wageningen and the wider scientific community. It initially involved the isolation and physiological characterization of mutants defective in biosynthesis or mode of action of plant hormones, photoreceptors and traits such as flowering time in both Arabidopsis and tomato. I also generated a genetic map of Arabidopsis. Subsequently, the exploitation of natural variation became a main area of interest, including the molecular identification of underlying genetic differences. The integration of various disciplines and the adoption of Arabidopsis as a main model species contributed strongly to the impressive progress in our knowledge of plant biology over the past 40 years.

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Trapp, Susan C., und Rodney B. Croteau. „Genomic Organization of Plant Terpene Synthases and Molecular Evolutionary Implications“. Genetics 158, Nr. 2 (01.06.2001): 811–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/158.2.811.

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Abstract Terpenoids are the largest, most diverse class of plant natural products and they play numerous functional roles in primary metabolism and in ecological interactions. The first committed step in the formation of the various terpenoid classes is the transformation of the prenyl diphosphate precursors, geranyl diphosphate, farnesyl diphosphate, and geranylgeranyl diphosphate, to the parent structures of each type catalyzed by the respective monoterpene (C10), sesquiterpene (C15), and diterpene synthases (C20). Over 30 cDNAs encoding plant terpenoid synthases involved in primary and secondary metabolism have been cloned and characterized. Here we describe the isolation and analysis of six genomic clones encoding terpene synthases of conifers, [(-)-pinene (C10), (-)-limonene (C10), (E)-α-bisabolene (C15), δ-selinene (C15), and abietadiene synthase (C20) from Abies grandis and taxadiene synthase (C20) from Taxus brevifolia], all of which are involved in natural products biosynthesis. Genome organization (intron number, size, placement and phase, and exon size) of these gymnosperm terpene synthases was compared to eight previously characterized angiosperm terpene synthase genes and to six putative terpene synthase genomic sequences from Arabidopsis thaliana. Three distinct classes of terpene synthase genes were discerned, from which assumed patterns of sequential intron loss and the loss of an unusual internal sequence element suggest that the ancestral terpenoid synthase gene resembled a contemporary conifer diterpene synthase gene in containing at least 12 introns and 13 exons of conserved size. A model presented for the evolutionary history of plant terpene synthases suggests that this superfamily of genes responsible for natural products biosynthesis derived from terpene synthase genes involved in primary metabolism by duplication and divergence in structural and functional specialization. This novel molecular evolutionary approach focused on genes of secondary metabolism may have broad implications for the origins of natural products and for plant phylogenetics in general.

20

Xuan, Zhou, Zheng Hong Li, Cheng Zhang, Hong Dao Zhang, Ji Lin Li und Yan Ming Zhang. „An Application of Molecular Tools in Plant Genetic Diversity Conservation“. Advanced Materials Research 955-959 (Juni 2014): 830–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.955-959.830.

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The conservation and use of plant genetic diversity are essential to the continued maintenance and improvement of agricultural and forestry production and thus, to sustainable development and poverty alleviation. The dramatic advances in molecular genetics over the last decade years have provided workers involved in the conservation of plant genetic diversity with a range of new techniques. Molecular tools, such as molecular markers and other genomic applications, have been highly successful in characterizing existing genetic variation within species, which generates new genetic diversity that often extends beyond species boundaries. The objectives of this article are to review the molecular basis on plant genetic diversity conservation and summarize the continuously rising and application of molecular tool. Then, we look forward and consider the significant of application of molecular tools in plant genetic diversity conservation.

21

Reski, Ralf. „Molecular genetics of Physcomitrella“. Planta 208, Nr. 3 (17.05.1999): 301–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004250050563.

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22

Zambelli, A. „THE IMPACT OF MOLECULAR GENETICS IN PLANT BREEDING: REALITIES AND PERSPECTIVES“. Journal of Basic and Applied Genetics 30, Nr. 1 (Juli 2019): 11–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.35407/bag.2019.xxx.01.02.

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Even when conventional breeding was effective in achieving a continuous improvement in yield, Molecular Genetics tools applied in plant breeding contributed to maximize genetic gain. Thus, the use of DNA technology applied in agronomic improvement gave rise to Molecular Breeding, discipline which groups the different breeding strategies where genotypic selection, based on DNA markers, are used in combination with or in replacement of phenotypic selection. These strategies can be listed as: marker-assisted selection; marker-assisted backcrossing; marker assisted recurrent selection; and genomic selection. Strong arguments have been made about the potential advantages that Molecular Breeding brings, although little has been devoted to discussing its feasibility in practical applications. The consequence of the lack of a deep analysis when implementing a strategy of Molecular Breeding is its failure, leading to many undesirable outcomes and discouraging breeders from using the technology. The aim of this work is to trigger a debate about the convenience of the use of Molecular Breeding strategies in a breeding program considering the DNA technology of choice, the complexity of the trait of agronomic interest to be improved, the expected accuracy in the selection, and the demanded resources. Key words: DNA marker, selection, plant improvement.

23

Smith, Alison G. „Plant molecular biology (2nd edn)“. Trends in Genetics 5 (1989): 316. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0168-9525(89)90115-7.

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24

Dey, T., und P. D. Ghosh. „Application of molecular markers in plant genome study“. NBU Journal of Plant Sciences 4, Nr. 1 (2010): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.55734/nbujps.2010.v04i01.001.

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The development of molecular techniques for genetic analysis has led to a great increase in our knowledge of plant genetics and our understanding of the structure and behaviour of plant genome. During last three decades, several powerful DNA based marker technologies have been developed for the assessment of genetic diversities and molecular marker assisted breeding technology. In plant systems, the prospects of DNA profiling and fingerprinting is becoming indispensable in the context of establishment of molecular phylogeny, assessment of somaclonal variants, characterization of plant genomics, marker- based gene tags, map-based cloning of agronomically important genes, variability studies, synteny mapping, marker-assisted selection of desirable genotypes etc. In this review article, various molecular markers are reviewed with emphasis on specific areas of their application in higher plants.

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Dey, T., und P. D. Ghosh. „Application of molecular markers in plant genome study“. NBU Journal of Plant Sciences 4, Nr. 1 (2010): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.55734/nbujps.2010.v04i01.001.

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The development of molecular techniques for genetic analysis has led to a great increase in our knowledge of plant genetics and our understanding of the structure and behaviour of plant genome. During last three decades, several powerful DNA based marker technologies have been developed for the assessment of genetic diversities and molecular marker assisted breeding technology. In plant systems, the prospects of DNA profiling and fingerprinting is becoming indispensable in the context of establishment of molecular phylogeny, assessment of somaclonal variants, characterization of plant genomics, marker- based gene tags, map-based cloning of agronomically important genes, variability studies, synteny mapping, marker-assisted selection of desirable genotypes etc. In this review article, various molecular markers are reviewed with emphasis on specific areas of their application in higher plants.

26

Ecker, Joseph R., und Doug Cook. „Genome studies and molecular genetics“. Current Opinion in Plant Biology 7, Nr. 2 (April 2004): 99–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pbi.2004.01.017.

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27

Wessler, Susan R. „Genome studies and molecular genetics“. Current Opinion in Plant Biology 9, Nr. 2 (April 2006): 147–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pbi.2006.01.017.

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28

Sasaki, Takuji, und Ronald R. Sederoff. „Genome studies and molecular genetics“. Current Opinion in Plant Biology 6, Nr. 2 (April 2003): 97–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1369-5266(03)00018-9.

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29

Sivolap, Yu M. „Molecular markers and plant breeding“. Cytology and Genetics 47, Nr. 3 (Mai 2013): 188–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.3103/s0095452713030080.

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30

Ruggiero, Alessandra, Paola Punzo, Simone Landi, Antonello Costa, Michael Van Oosten und Stefania Grillo. „Improving Plant Water Use Efficiency through Molecular Genetics“. Horticulturae 3, Nr. 2 (03.05.2017): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae3020031.

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31

Young, J. P. W. „Book review: Molecular Genetics of Plant-Microbe Interactions.“ Outlook on Agriculture 16, Nr. 3 (September 1987): 148–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/003072708701600325.

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32

Pogson, Barry. „Molecular Genetics of Plant Development. Stephen H. Howell“. Quarterly Review of Biology 74, Nr. 4 (Dezember 1999): 476. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/394163.

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33

Kerr, A. „The Impact of Molecular Genetics on Plant Pathology“. Annual Review of Phytopathology 25, Nr. 1 (September 1987): 87–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.py.25.090187.000511.

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34

Otten, L. „Regional Meeting on Plant Molecular Genetics at Freiburg“. Plant Molecular Biology Reporter 7, Nr. 4 (November 1989): 303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02668641.

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35

Pourmohammad, Alireza. „Application of molecular markers in medicinal plant studies“. Acta Universitatis Sapientiae, Agriculture and Environment 5, Nr. 1 (01.12.2013): 80–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ausae-2014-0006.

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Abstract The World Health Organization has estimated that more than 80% of the world’s population in developing countries depends primarily on herbal medicine for basic healthcare needs. Approximately two thirds of the 50 000 different medicinal plant species in use are collected from the wild and only 10% of medicinal species used commercially are cultivated. DNA-based molecular markers have utility in the fields like taxonomy, physiology, embryology, genetics, etc. DNA-based techniques have been widely used for authentication of plant species of medicinal importance. The geographical conditions affect the active constituents of the medicinal plant and hence their activity profiles. Many researchers have studied geographical variation at the genetic level. Estimates of genetic diversity are also important in designing crop improvement programmes for the management of germplasm and evolving conservation strategies. The DNA-based molecular marker helps in the improvement of medicinal plant species. DNA markers are more reliable because the genetic information is unique for each species and is independent of age, physiological conditions and environmental factors.

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Curnow, R. N., A. H. D. Brown, M. T. Clegg, A. L. Kahler und B. S. Weir. „Plant Population Genetics, Breeding, and Genetic Resources.“ Biometrics 46, Nr. 4 (Dezember 1990): 1241. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2532478.

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37

Chappell, Joe. „The genetics and molecular genetics of terpene and sterol origami“. Current Opinion in Plant Biology 5, Nr. 2 (April 2002): 151–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1369-5266(02)00241-8.

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38

Xuan, Zhou, Hong Dao Zhang, Zheng Hong Li, Cheng Zhang, Ji Lin Li und Yan Ming Zhang. „The Role of Molecular Marker in Development of Plant Genetic Resources“. Advanced Materials Research 955-959 (Juni 2014): 855–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.955-959.855.

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Plants are fundamental to life, being the basis of our food production and an essential part of the global ecosystem on which life on earth depends. Plant genetic resources include primitive forms of cultivated plant species and landraces, modern cultivars, breeding lines and genetic stocks, weedy types and related wild species, which provide the building blocks that, allow classical plant breeders and biotechnologists to develop new commercial varieties and other biological products. Detection and analysis of genetic variation can help us to understand the molecular basis of various biological phenomena in plants. Molecular markers for the detection and exploitation of DNA polymorphism is one of the most significant developments in the field of molecular genetics. The presence of various types of molecular markers, and differences in their principles, methodologies, and applications require careful consideration in choosing one or more of such methods. This article describes the advances of molecular marker in present, introduces the molecular basis in development of plant genetic resources and perspectives the important role of molecular marker in development of plant genetic resources in the future.

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Rasmussen, Søren K. „Molecular Genetics, Genomics, and Biotechnology in Crop Plant Breeding“. Agronomy 10, Nr. 3 (23.03.2020): 439. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10030439.

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A diverse set of molecular markers techniques have been developed over the last almost 40 years and used with success for breeding a number of major crops. These have been narrowed down to a few preferred DNA based marker types, and emphasis is now on adapting the technologies to a wide range of crop plants and trees. In this Special Issue, the strength of molecular breeding is revealed through research and review papers that use a combination of molecular markers with other classic breeding techniques to obtain quality improvement of the crop. The constant improvement and maintenance of quality by breeding is crucial and challenged by a changing climate and molecular markers can support the direct introgression of traits into elite breeding lines. All the papers in this Special Issue “Molecular genetics, Genomics, and Biotechnology in Crop Plant Breeding” have attracted significant attention, as can be witnessed by the graphs for each paper on the Journal’s homepage. It is the hope that it will encourage others to use these tools in developing an even wider range of crop plants and trees.

40

Altmann, Thomas. „Recent advances in brassinosteroid molecular genetics“. Current Opinion in Plant Biology 1, Nr. 5 (Oktober 1998): 378–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1369-5266(98)80259-8.

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41

Lemieux, Bertrand. „Molecular genetics of epicuticular wax biosynthesis“. Trends in Plant Science 1, Nr. 9 (September 1996): 312–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1360-1385(96)88178-0.

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42

Klee, Harry J. „Plant molecular biology, a practical approach“. Trends in Genetics 5 (1989): 351. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0168-9525(89)90145-5.

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43

Debener, T. „MOLECULAR MARKERS FOR ORNAMENTAL PLANT GENETICS, GENOMICS AND BREEDING“. Acta Horticulturae, Nr. 953 (September 2012): 193–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.2012.953.27.

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44

Dixon, David, und Tony Fordham-Skelton. „Genome studies and molecular genetics plant biotechnology web alert“. Current Opinion in Plant Biology 1, Nr. 2 (April 1998): 99–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1369-5266(98)80008-3.

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45

Perrin, R. „Genome studies and molecular genetics/Plant biotechnology web alert“. Current Opinion in Plant Biology 4, Nr. 2 (01.04.2001): 101–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1369-5266(00)00142-4.

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46

Martínez-Gómez, Pedro. „Editorial for Special Issue “Plant Genetics and Molecular Breeding”“. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, Nr. 11 (30.05.2019): 2659. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20112659.

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47

HENEEN, WAHEEB K. „Molecular biology and plant breeding“. Hereditas 103 (14.02.2008): 109–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1601-5223.1985.tb00756.x.

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48

Alfenito, M. R., und J. A. Birchler. „Molecular characterization of a maize B chromosome centric sequence.“ Genetics 135, Nr. 2 (01.10.1993): 589–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/135.2.589.

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Abstract Supernumerary chromosomes are widespread in the plant kingdom but little is known of their molecular nature or mechanism of origin. We report here the initial cloning of sequences from the maize B chromosome. Our analysis suggests that many sequences are highly repetitive and shared with the normal A chromosomes. However, all clones selected for B-specificity contain at least one copy of a particular repeat. Cytological mapping using B chromosome derivatives and in situ hybridization show that the B specific repeats are derived from the centric region of the chromosome. Sequence analysis of this repeat shows homology to motifs mapped to various plant and animal centromeres and to the maize neocentromere. A precise localization of these sequences among breakpoints within the B centromere and an homology to a facultative centromere, suggest a role for this sequence in centromere function.

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Kang, Kwon-Kyoo, und Yong-Gu Cho. „Genetic Research and Plant Breeding“. Genes 14, Nr. 1 (23.12.2022): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes14010051.

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In the past 20 years, plant genetics and breeding research using molecular biology has been greatly improved via the functional analysis of genes, species identification and transformation techniques [...]

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Yan, Juqiang, Jun Zhu, Cixin He, Mebrouk Benmoussa und Ping Wu. „Molecular Dissection of Developmental Behavior of Plant Height in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)“. Genetics 150, Nr. 3 (01.11.1998): 1257–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/150.3.1257.

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Abstract A doubled haploid population of 123 lines from IR64/Azucena was used to dissect the developmental behavior and genotype by environment interaction for plant height by conditional and unconditional quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping methods in rice. It was shown that the number of QTL detected was different at various measuring stages. Some QTL could be detected at all stages and some only at one or several stages. More QTL could be found on the basis of time-dependent measures of different stages. By conditional QTL mapping of time-dependent measures, it is possible to reveal dynamic gene expression for quantitative traits. Mapping QTL for genetic main effects and GE interaction effects could help us in understanding the nature of QTL × environment interaction for the development of quantitative traits.

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