Dissertationen zum Thema „Pisciculture – France“
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Dubost-Ebersveiller, Nathalie. „Voies de diversification de l'élevage de la carpe Cyprinus carpio L. En Lorraine : avantages, contraintes et limites“. Metz, 1996. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/UPV-M/Theses/1996/Dubost_Ebersveiller.Nathalie.SMZ9653.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleFish producers are trying to develop new products and processing of carp Cyprinus carpio L. To market fillets seems to be one the solutions that finds customer acceptance. Sexual maturation lowered condition index and filleting yield for females. A relationship was determined between temperature (degree-days) and female total weight to characterize maturation stages. Floating net cages were used to grow or maintain carp for regular availability of fish. Market size carp was obtained three or four months earlier than in extensive production. Two predictive models of carp growth were established and their validity was tested. The influence of food acceptance and of decreasing number of fishes densities limiting production are discussed. The impact of the cages on water and sediment quality were assessed. The budget of solid matter, nitrogen and phosphorus (from both food and faeces) revealed that these elements are rapidly utilized in eutrophic ponds. The impact of environmental conditions on fish culture was investigated. Global toxicity of water was put in relation to the fish densities in the cages. Fouling on floating net cages was quantified. A predictive model of fouling development was determined as a bivariable logistic function of submersion time and net surface. A possibility for combining intense rearing in floating net cages and extensive fish production is described. Advantages and disadvantages are discussed
Goubier, Vincent. „Influence de la fertilisation sur certains compartiments de l'étang de pisciculture“. Lyon 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989LYO10043.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDidier, Stéphanie. „Le plancton en étangs piscicoles extensifs : production et exportation“. Metz, 2003. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/UPV-M/Theses/2003/Didier.Stephane.SMZ0302.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe aim of the study was to define a descriptive plan of extensive fish-breeding ponds functioning and to understand ponds-river interactions concerning plankton export and drift from the pond of Lindre (Lorraine) through the river Seille. In a same eutrophic context, morphology of ponds influenced the seasonal pattern of plankton. A very low depth allowed summer colonization of hydrophytes. In deeper ponds, Cyano bacteria bloom couldn't be controlled by plankton-exported biomass. But the upstream part of the river Seille represented an environmental challenge for this exported organic matter. The degradation of this planktonic matter, the drift of Cyanobacteria, and especially their death in the upstream part of the river Seille, displayed the necessity of an acute survey with rregard to the incurrent risk (toxicity)
Martin, Goubier Maryse. „Climat et aquaculture : application aux étangs de la Dombes“. Lyon 3, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991LYO31015.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis work is a study of la dombes'climate and its influence on pond water management, in this french region covered with 10 000 ha of traditionnally managed fish ponds. First, a detailed survey of the regional climate is reported on, based upon observations and measurements from the national weather service. Different parameters are analysed : - rainfall and its geographical distribution, a very important parameter for pond fill up and water level maintenance during summer; - air temperature, which governs the water temperature, and determines the fish species which can be raised and the most favorable rearing periods in the year. - other climatic descriptors : solar radiation, wind characteristics and related processes like evaporation, factors affecting directly or indirectly the thermal structure of water bodies. These "local climate" features are then replaced in the pattern of low-level circulation, which governs climate characteristics in the temperate zone, and therefore in france. Weather successions in la dombes appear to be ordered by general airmass dynamics, and especially by the polar mobile highs. The latter are responsible at the same time for pressure variations, wind, temperature, cloudiness, rain, in brief for permanent weather variability. The local factors in the resulting weather is only responsible for some increase or reduction in
Robin, Joël. „Dynamique saisonnière du phytoplancton en étang de pisciculture de la plaine du Forez (Loire) : essais de contrôle des cyanobactéries“. Lyon 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999LYO10265.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSouchon, Yves. „Reproduction du brochet (Esox lucius,L. 1758) et développement des brochetons en Dombes : éléments d'optimisation des modes de gestion extensive“. Lyon 1, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985LYO10514.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMalange, Jean-François. „Histoire sociale des pratiques de pêche à la ligne en France de 1829 à 1941 : aux origines d'une conscience environnementale“. Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011TOU20040.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBy the 1960s, anglers in France had come to display a real environmental consciousness. The aim of this thesis is to show this consciousness had a long history. Anglers in France, a century before the rise of political ecology, exhibited a growing sensibility to environmental problems that came directely from their experiences of the quality of their surroundings as they fished. In this thesis, I show that between 1829 and 1941, the practise of angling evolved from an elitist to a more working-class form of leisure. I also examine how the respective roles of men and women of different social classes changed over time and acoording to place. In addition, I explore the factors, rhythms and geography of this new environmental awareness. It gave rise to some unexpected developments with, for example, the working classes playing a major role in the movement of the protection of nature in France
Bernard, Céline. „L' étang, l'homme et l'oiseau : incidences des modes de gestion des étangs piscicoles sur les ceintures de végétation et l'avifaune nicheuse en Sologne, Brenne, Bresse, Territoire de Belfort et Champagne humide“. Lyon, Ecole normale supérieure, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008ENSF0054.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe piscicultural ponds are simultaneously economic areas of production by the intermediary of an extensive pisciculture, still strongly marked by traditions, and major ecosystems for the vegetation and the reproduction of water birds in France. The reception capacities of the ponds avifauna are obviously dependent on piscicultural practices which have to be replaced in their historical and socio-economic points of view. The adopted space approach tends to explore the existing interactions between three compartments of the piscicultural system, complex and variable from one area to another: - nesting of the avifauna - belts of aquatic vegetation - the piscicultural management, whose methods condition the economic and ecological potentialities. The comparative analysis of five piscicultural systems in the Sologne, Brenne, Bresse, Territory of Belfort and Wet Champagne has the aim of describing the specific adaptation of the piscicultural activity to their particular geohistorical contexts. It makes it possible to release the conditions under which piscicultural production and reception of the avifauna are set out, supplemented or compete with the possible use by hunting, on the same space: the pond, with its ambiguous and evolutionary definition. The various methods thus described, of balances between practices or possibly of user-conflicts, are used as a framework on a reflexion on the complementarity of the multiple functions of ponds. They pose the topical question of the multifonctionality of spaces largely in debate in the agricultural and forest world
Otto-Bruc, Cécile. „Végétation des étangs de la Brenne (Indre) : influence des pratiques piscicoles à l'échelle des communautés végétales et sur une espèce d'intérêt européen : Caldesia parnassifolia (L.) Parl“. Paris, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001MNHN0018.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleGibrat, Brigitte, und Thomas Nielsen. „Recherches sur la nutrition des juvéniles de l'anguille (Anguilla anguilla L. , 1758) : conditionnement alimentaire et croissance en circuit fermé“. Toulouse, INPT, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985INPT004A.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBenarrous, Renaud Elie Pierre. „La Grande Brenne aux périodes préindustrielles, Indre : contribution à l'histoire des paysages, des étangs et des relations sociétés/milieux dans une zone humide continentale : approches historique, archéologique et paléo-environnementale“. Paris 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA010638.
Der volle Inhalt der QuellePustelnik, Guy. „Etude écologique préalable à l'aménagement piscicole de la rivière Dordogne“. Bordeaux 3, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987BOR30045.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn order to make easy the realization of a piscicult management plan of the river Dordogne and to consider the realization of gradings, several searches have been realized. The purpose of this work is to develop an analysis method which makes easy the establishment of a piscicult diagnostic and the development of adapted gestion procedures. The first part states clearly the principal aspects of the piscicult life through of the phenomena's reproduction analysis of requirements'shelters and nourishment. In the second part, directly derived from the conclusions of the first, methods and technics of studies are established. The third part defines the study range : - the Dordogne river and its morphological characteristics and dynamics (descriptives of principal facies meted are derived from this study), - water's physiocochemistry, - the course biology and specially the piscicult peopling study through surrounding utilization by species. The fourth part talks about habitability of the river for the different fishes species. A new indication (indication of total quality of habitat) is suggested and its reliability is analysed and criticized for the river dordogne. The last part forms the application of the suggested analysis method for the putting of gestion plan on a pattern stump of river Dordogne. Finally, the end takes again the principal results presented in this study
Colonna, François. „Les conséquences du changement climatique sur les ressources en eau et le peuplement piscicole des cours d’eau de Corse“. Thesis, Corte, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021CORT0012.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleClimate change is a global phenomenon for which numerous studies have been carried out on many compartments. On a European scale as well as on a Mediterranean scale and on the local scale of Corsica, the same consequences are observed and all the trends confirm the conclusions of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. We are experiencing a general increase in temperatures as well as an increase in the frequency and intensity of extreme weather events. These changes apply strong constraints to the natural environment. Corsica's waterways and their associated organisms are also subject to them.Faced with this observation, the research work developed within the framework of this thesis attempts to provide additional knowledge on the consequences of climate change on Corsican rivers and the fish that populate these hydrosystems.A new climatic synthesis comparing the period 1960-1984 with the period 1985-2020 is proposed and shows in what proportion global warming is impacting the Corsican region and which areas are most affected by its consequences. The intensification of drought periods is discussedParticular attention is paid to freshwater fish species for which we have proposed a comparison of growth rates in the context of climate change.Finally, in applied research work, we propose a decision-support tool for managers of Corsican rivers to enable them to be alerted by a deviation from the proposed models. These models serve as reference values developed from the results of fish surveys carried out throughout Corsica since the late 80’s
Four, Brian. „Effet des étangs de barrage à vocation piscicole sur le fonctionnement écologique des cours d'eau de tête de bassin dans des contextes environnementaux différents : le cas des étangs de plaine en Lorraine“. Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LORR0009/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn France there are more than 250,000 ponds. Most often, they are dam reservoirs constructed on headwater streams in clay valleys for fish production and thus named fishponds. In Lorraine region, most of the numerous fishponds are located on temporary streams (i.e. periodically dry during summer time) in agricultural and/or forested catchments. These streams have an ecological functioning based on the integration of allochthonous organic matter (OM) resources by the basal detrital food webs. Yet, fishponds constitute biogenic lentic systems that favor autochthonous OM production (e.g. plankton, macrophytes, faeces). Consequently, fishponds could disrupt the fragile balances in these headwater stream ecosystems. The goal of my thesis was to study the effect of fishpond on the recycling and the integration of allochthonous and autochthonous OM by the aquatic food webs within headwater streams. First, we studied the litter decomposition (and the associated communities) between upstream and downstream fishponds located in agricultural or forested catchments. Our results indicate the needs to take into account the catchment land uses to grasp the fishpond effect on litter decomposition. We found that in agricultural catchments fishponds lead to a decrease of the litter breakdown rate in association with a fungal biomass decrease. In forested catchments, the macro-invertebrate assemblages are more affected than in agricultural catchments, showing a decrease of the most sensitive taxa to organic pollution. Secondly, we focused on litter processes in temporary headwater streams hampered or not by a fishpond. To this end, we worked on forest streams to exclude confounding anthropogenic effects. In this environment our results indicate that the presence of a fishpond tends to increase litter breakdown rate. It can be related with a better litter conditioning and to the shredder assemblage’s modification downstream from the fishpond. Furthermore, fishpond effect on the integration of allochthonous resources by food webs was found to be highly dependent on hydrological conditions downstream from the fishpond. This original result highlights that the impact of the fishpond seems to be greater on the shredder assemblages and on their litter breakdown activities when the stream show important hydrological modifications (i.e. become permanent downstream from the fishpond). Finally, in order to analyze the modification of trophic niches, we studied benthic macroinvertebrate isotopic signatures in streams hampered or not by a fishpond. Our results indicate that fishpond mainly influenced the isotopic signatures of biofilms and suspended OM. In line with this result, isotopic niches of the different macroinvertebrate trophic guilds are also modified downstream from the pond. Consequently we may suggest that all the studied trophic guilds consume and integrate autochthonous resources produced into the fishpond. In summary, our work highlights complex interactions between fishpond and headwater streams and underlines the needs to take into account the catchment land use and the stream hydrology before concluding on the fishpond effect on stream functioning
Beau, Frédéric. „Ecologie de la Cistude d'Europe "Emys orbicularis" en Brenne : histoire de vie des nouveau-nés et influence des modes de gestion sur les populations“. Thesis, La Rochelle, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LAROS024.
Der volle Inhalt der Quelle“Brenne” is a French wetland area which shelters a remarkable biodiversity and many emblematic species, among which the European pond turtle Emys orbicularis is particularly abundant. This species has been largely favored by past human activities. In Brenne, all ponds are man-made and have allowed the development, since the Middle Age, of one of the largest European pond turtle population in France. The distribution of this species has strongly decreased mainly because of changes in agricultural practices and the use of the aquatic and terrestrial environments necessary for its life cycle. Nature Reserves are important areas dedicated to the preservation of the natural heritage. One of the goal of biological conservation is to propose preservation measures based on scientific studies. E. orbicularis has been the subject of many of such studies. We choose to carry out our research on new elements for the species. First, we investigated parameters related to nesting sites: incubation under natural environment, emergence and postemergence behaviors of hatchlings. Second, we studied the populations under the prism of the quality of the aquatic environments. Generally, nesting sites were mainly considered as critical areas for egg-laying by females. However, it turns out that the use of this terrestrial habitat by the species is more important. Indeed, the plasticity of emergence phenology linked to a low mobility of hatchlings strongly suggest to change management practices of these habitats, at least in the particular context (edaphic, climate and weather) of Brenne. The study of the influence of water quality on populations allowed to highlight important patterns. Mercury levels in European pond turtle can reach doses known to cause disorders. The origin of this mercury does not seem to be linked to local human activities, but appears to originate from its global cycle. However, the Hg bioavailability is stimulated by local management practices, characterized by drainage periods. We have highlighted a correlation between the concentration of mercury and female reproduction (gravidity) which stimulates future research. A focus on algal epibiosis indicates that a large part of individuals are covered by algae. The presence of algae on aquatic turtles has been known for a long time. However, our results highlight differences of the algal epibiosis between ages and sexes. Intensive fish-farming appears to be responsible of the presence and prevalence of algae on turtles. Intensification of fish-farming practices causes an eutrophication of the environments. We also found correlations between algal cover and body condition and reproduction in adult females. These results should be pursued in order to know the long-term impact on this long-lived species. In Brenne, populations of European pond turtle are still large but some aspects such as proportion of juveniles, presence of mercury, or algal epibiosis deserve future studies in the field of conservation biology, with an emphasis on knowledge and management experiences sharing
Arruda, Marcos Célio Freire de, und 92-99987-0907. „Avaliação dos indicadores da política de pesca do Programa Zona Franca Verde: perspectivas econômicas e ambientais“. Universidade Federal do Amazonas, 2017. http://tede.ufam.edu.br/handle/tede/6068.
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The Federal Constitution of Brazil of 1988 in Articles 3, II and 225 maintains that it is the fundamental objective of the Republic to guarantee national development based on sustainability. In this context, the focus of this study is to analyze the performance indicators of fish farming within the Green Free Zone program in light of the results achieved and the economic and environmental perspectives. The fishing activity is on the rise in the State of Amazonas and it is up to the governing bodies to discipline, regulate and foment the demand of the population to ensure food security. Regarding issues of development and relevance for small farmers, livelihood research management is essential in order to mainstream conservation and development efforts in the region. Thus, it owes to the State's power to apply tools to ensure incentives for certain areas and thus achieve the results compatible with economic activity and sustainable use of environmental resources, such as the ZFV. For this, the methodology was adopted for this research, the bibliographical one, using the fish farming in the State of Amazonas and the attributes of the legal legislation that encourage the region, with practical situations and a real context complementing with spastic researches in the scientific literature. In addition, content analysis was applied through interpretations related to the object of this study. However, it has been observed that some obstacles are still present for the immediate growth of fish farming as an inefficient system of innovation, high cost of production, limited investment in research, little accessibility of small fish farmers to information without assistance by technicians and others. Although there are gaps to be filled for strategic action in the field of fish farming, there is no doubt that the results of the ZFV program are indisputable to the regions reached by its limitation to the use of renewable forest products without aggression to the environment, protecting the protection Nature and ensuring socio-economic development. According to data from local and federal governments, since the last five years, fish farming has managed to advance production by 58% and by 2016 reached 21 tons. Today Brazil occupies the 120th place in the world ranking of aquaculture and pisciculture. Industrialization is the strategy that should guide one of the goals of the ZFV program with the achievement of a sustainable product seal, allowing, until 2018, to reach 63 tons, that is, tripling the production scenario.
A Constituição Federal do Brasil de 1988 em seus artigos 3º, II e 225º sustenta que é objetivo fundamental da República a garantia do desenvolvimento nacional baseado na sustentabilidade. A partir desse contexto, o foco deste estudo é analisar os indicadores de desempenho da piscicultura dentro do programa Zona Franca Verde diante dos resultados alcançados e as perspectivas econômicas e ambientais. A atividade pesqueira está em franca ascensão no Estado do Amazonas e cabe aos órgãos atuantes disciplinar, regulamentar e fomentar a demanda da população para assegurar a segurança alimentar. As questões de desenvolvimento e relevância para os pequenos agricultores são imprescindíveis à uma gestão baseada em pesquisa para os meios de subsistência, visando integrar os esforços de conservação e desenvolvimento na região. Assim, deve ao poder do Estado aplicar ferramentas para assegurar incentivos às determinadas áreas e assim alcançar os resultados compatíveis com a atividade econômica e a utilização sustentável dos recursos ambientais, como é o caso da ZFV. Para tanto, nesta pesquisa, adotou-se como metodologia a pesquisa bibliográfica, utilizando a piscicultura no Estado do Amazonas e os atributos da legislação legal que incentivam a região, com situações práticas e um contexto real complementando com pesquisas espaças na literatura científica. De modo suplementar, aplicou-se a análise de conteúdo, por meio de interpretações conexas com o objeto deste estudo. No entanto, pode-se observar que alguns óbices ainda são presentes para o crescimento imediato da piscicultura: um ineficiente sistema de inovação, alto custo de produção, limitado investimento em pesquisa, pouca acessibilidade dos pequenos piscicultores às informações sem assistência por técnicos e entre outros. Muito embora existam lacunas a serem preenchidas para uma ação estratégica no ramo da piscicultura, incontestavelmente, são indiscutíveis os resultados advindos com o programa da ZFV às regiões alcançadas pela sua limitação diante do uso dos produtos florestais renováveis sem agressão ao meio ambiente, resguardando a proteção da natureza e garantindo o desenvolvimento socioeconômico. Segundo os dados dos Governos locais e federais, desde os últimos cinco anos, a piscicultura conseguiu avançar sua produção em 58% e em 2016 alcançou 21 toneladas. Hoje o Brasil ocupa o 120º lugar no ranking mundial de aquicultura e piscicultura. A industrialização é a estratégia a qual deve nortear uma das metas do programa ZFV com a obtenção de um selo de produto sustentável, permitindo, que até 2018, alcance 63 toneladas, ou seja, triplicando o cenário da produção.
Pobel, David. „Les proliférations cyanobactériennes en étangs piscicoles : impact de l'environnement sur la dynamique et génétique des populations et sur la production de toxines“. Thesis, Grenoble, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011GRENA007.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleGenerally, cyanobacteria proliferations show great spatial and temporal variations in their cell abundances and potential toxicity, which makes it difficult to control the development of these microorganisms and to predict the health risks associated with these events. Within this scope, the first goal of my PhD thesis was to test different sampling strategies to guarantee the best monitoring of the cell abundances during cyanobacteria proliferations. We made a high frequency sampling (six points every other day) in a shallow lake located in Forez and we evidenced that the two blooming-species (Microcystis aeruginosa and Aphanizomenon flos-aquae) showed strongly contrasted spatial and temporal patterns of their cell abundances precluding having a common optimal sampling strategy for both species. Even if three sampling points were enough to take into account the spatial heterogeneity of Microcystis and Aphanizomenon cells, a monthly or two-monthly sampling was sufficient for Microcystis whereas a weekly sampling was necessary for Aphanizomenon. The second goal was to gain a better understanding of Microcystis proliferation development. To achieve this aim, we estimated spatial and temporal changes in the genotypic composition (using the SSCP method in the 16S-23S ITS) and in the potential toxicity (by measuring the microcystin concentration and proportion of mcyB+ cells). We obtained a homogeneous spatial repartition of the genotypic composition. Moreover, during the growth phase, there were many rapid changes in the genotypic composition whereas this composition remained stable for several weeks where the maximum cell abundance was reached. As for potential toxicity, the proportion of mcyB+ cells remains at around 60 % during the proliferation but we observed higher variations during the growth phase. No relation was found between the variations of the genotypic composition and proportion of toxic cells on the one hand and the variations of several environmental factors (nutrients, temperature, rain) on the other hand, suggesting that other factors may be involved in these variations and that many complex interactions occur between these factors. Finally, the third goal of my PhD thesis was to compare the genotypic composition and the potential toxicity of different Microcystis populations, which were more or less interconnected. This comparison evidenced the great importance of local environmental factors and processes in the beginning and development of these events
Diagre, Denis. „Le jardin botanique de Bruxelles (1826-1912): miroir d'une jeune nation“. Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210873.
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