Dissertationen zum Thema „Piles à oxydes solides (SOC)“
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Marinha, Daniel. „Nouvelles électrodes à architecture contrôlée pour piles à combustible à oxydes solides fonctionnant à température intermédiaire“. Grenoble INPG, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010INPG0110.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe goal of this thesis regards the preparation, microstructural and electrochemical characterization of tailored cathodes for intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cells in planar configuration. The objective is to decrease the cathode overpotential by facilitating the access of oxygen to larger surface areas, thus increasing the active cathode volume. In this sence, the microstructural optimization of a La0. 6Sr0. 4Co0. 2Fe0. 8O3-8 (LSCF) cathode, deposited onto gadolinia-doped ceria (CGO) electrolytes has been investigated. For film deposition, we have chosen to work with electrostatic spray deposition technique (ESD) which allows the preparation of original microstructures with potential interest for SOFC technologies. The performance of the LSCF films was characterized in detail by means of impedance spectroscopy measurements, as a function of temperature and oxygen partial pressure
Sanseau, Olivier. „Elaboration et étude d'éléments pour piles à combustible à oxydes solides“. Paris, ENMP, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002ENMP1126.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMonaco, Federico. „Analyse de la dégradation des cellules à oxydes solides fonctionnant en mode pile à combustibles et électrolyse : évolution microstructurale et stabilité des matériaux d'électrodes“. Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020GRALI034.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis work was dedicated to the analysis of the degradation of solid oxide cells operated in electrolysis and fuel cell modes. A threefold methodology has been applied by coupling (i) electrochemical tests, (ii) advanced post-test analyses and (iii) multi-scale modeling. Long-term durability experiments have been carried out on standard cells (Ni-YSZ/YSZ/GDC/LSCF) to investigate the performance loss as a function of the operating conditions. Specimens, which have been extracted from the pristine and aged samples, have been characterized to evaluate the microstructural and physico-chemical evolutions occurring at the two electrodes. In parallel, detailed micro-kinetic models for the hydrogen electrode (Ni-YSZ cermet) and for the oxygen electrode (LSCF/LSCF-GDC) have been developed and experimentally validated before being integrated into a macro-scale model for the complete cell. The multi-scale numerical tool has been used to propose a better understanding of the underlying forces driving the degradation. Moreover, the impact on the cell performances has been simulated and discussed as a function of the operating conditions. Based on the results presented in this work, it has been confirmed that the degradation of SOCs is significantly larger in electrolysis mode with respect to fuel cell operation under H2. On the one hand, it has been shown that the difference in durability behavior can be ascribed to the effect of the cathodic overpotential on the nickel instability in the hydrogen electrode. On the other hand, it has been observed and demonstrated that the destabilization of the LSCF is favored by both the anodic current and the high operating temperature
Guesnet, Laura. „Développement de nouvelles architectures de piles à combustible SOFC tout cérine pour un fonctionnement à température réduite“. Thesis, Bordeaux, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020BORD0218.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleWhen involving new solid oxide cells (SOCs) architectures, it’s possible to reduce their operating temperature. The objective of this thesis was therefore to develop innovative shaping processes in order to reduce the cell manufacturing steps number, also allowing to reduce their cost : the preparation of a porous/dense/porous support by tape-casting, then the infiltration of catalysts to obtain the electrodes was the chosen process. The porous/dense/porous support was only prepared with GDC10 (Ce0.9Gd0.1O2-δ) to avoid chemical reactivity issues between the various layers. During this thesis, two shaping methods were successively used: pressing/screen-printing/infiltration (1) then tape-casting/infiltration (2). In each case, the shaping parameters have been optimized in order to obtain the best electrochemical performances. The shaping method (1) was already part of a thesis topic at ICMCB regarding the oxygen side of the SOC, but it has been here improved regardin the hydrogen side: the collecting layer, the catalyst nature (NiO, CuO, yttrium doped ceria), infiltration rate. To reduce the number of required cycles and improve the impregnation quality, a new technique was used: the infiltration in supercritical medium. In the case of shaping (2), the specific parameters of the i) suspension preparation (additives nature, nature of the used balls/jar) and of the ii) porous/dense/ porous supports (debinding/sintering cycles) have made it possible to obtain polarization resistances very close to those obtained by shaping (1), despite slightly higher series resistances, probably in linkto some remaining carbon pollution. The parameters finally retained are: a phosphoric ester type dispersant, 90% of graphite added to shape the porous skeletons, a debinding performed at 800°C/6h under wet O2, and a whole sintering at 1450°C/3h
Doux, Jean-Marie. „Recherche exploratoire de nouveaux matériaux d'électrolyte pour piles à combustible et électrolyseurs à oxyde solide (SOFC et SOEC)“. Thesis, Nantes, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NANT4094/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis work focuses on the search for alternative electrolyte or electrodes materials for solid oxide fuel cells. A methodology based on the composition of the La26O27(BO3)8 oxyborate, developed at the IMN, revealed two promising materials: Ba3Ti3O6(BO3)2 and K3Sb4O10(BO3). Syntheses of powders of Ba3Ti3O6(BO3)2 and substituted phases on the Ba or Ti atomic site were carried out by solid state reaction at 950 °C. Conductivity measurements were carried out by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy on dense samples (relative density ≥ 90 %). Under air, the conductivity is purely anionic and exceeds 10-4 S.cm-1 at 700 °C. Conductivity increases for compounds substituted with a supervalent element, and vice versa. In a hydrogen containing atmosphere, a large increase of conductivity is observed (x 200), linked to the appearance of an electronic contribution. A study combining XRD, XPS and TGA shows that this contribution is due to the reduction of 5 % of the Ti4+ in Ti3+ and that this reaction is reversible. DFT calculations allowed to determine the formation energies and the migration barriers of the defects in the material. K3Sb4O10(BO3) oxyborate was obtained as single crystals and powder. A thorough study of the densification of the material was necessary in order to obtain dense samples (relative density ≈ 90 %), using ball milling and/or sintering aid. The conductivity of the material in air is about 10-3 S.cm-1 at 700 °C. This work highlights significant conductivity levels (ionic and/or electronic) observed for the first time in oxyborates. This approach can be applied to find alternative materials for SOFC
Saoutieff, Elise. „Elaboration de couches de protection pour interconnecteurs de piles à combustible à oxyde solide“. Phd thesis, Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00606527.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBriois, Pascal. „Synthèse par pulvérisation cathodique et caractérisation d'électrolytes solides en couches minces pour piles à combustible à oxydes solides (SOFC) fonctionnant à température intermédiaire“. Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2005. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/INPL/2005_BRIOIS_P.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe major problem of Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFC) is their operating temperature. One challenge is to decrease this temperature from 1000 to 700°C, this is the Intermediate Temperature –SOFC technology. It's very important to decrease the thickness of the ionic conductor to reduce its resistance. In this context, the reactive magnetron sputtering is a powerful technique for elaborating the coating with a compatible thickness with the application (~ 5-10 µm). After a description of the experimental device and of some specific analysis methods for this study, we present some results about the materials reference of the SOFC, the Yttria Stabilised Zirconia (YSZ). Then, we present some results about two new materials with higher ionic conductivity of oxygen than YSZ at 700°C: Gadolinia Doped Ceria (GDC) and Lanthanum Molydenum Oxide (LAMOX). At last, we present first results on the synthesis of the bilayer electrolyte coating: GDC/YSZ
Diawara, Moussa. „Modélisation DFT des propriétés catalytiques de la Cérine utilisée comme matériaux d’interface dans les Piles à Combustible à Oxyde Solide (SOFC)“. Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PSLEC029.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe development of new materials for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) is a challenge to meet current challenges: lowering operating temperature, use of non-precious metals, flexibility of fuel use or resistance to degradation. For these purposes, a dual theoretical and experimental approach has been developed for many years within the I2E team, in order to develop doped cerine-based materials as interface materials to improve the catalytic properties of SOFC. anodes. The experimental approach was implemented to synthesize nanoparticles of pure cerium oxide (rod, cube or octahedron) respectively exposing the surfaces (110), (100) and (111). The results obtained showed that the orientation (100) was the most reactive, followed by the (110), then the (111) least reactive. On the basis of these experimental results, this thesis aims at developing a DFT approach to study the first step of the activation of hydrogen on a pure CeO2 surface, ie for each crystallographic orientation, the adsorption of the molecule on the surface then its dissociation to form hydroxyl groups: geometry and adsorption energy of the molecular and dissociated states, reaction path leading from the adsorption to the dissociation and the corresponding energies of activation. Then calculations will be made to evaluate the effect of a series of dopants (yttrium, gadolinium, samarium) on the mechanism of hydrogen activation and the corresponding activation energies Key words: SOFC, Ceria, hydrogen, DFT
Greiner, Yoan. „Nouvelles architectures tridimensionnelles pour électrodes de piles à combustible à oxydes solides (SOFC Solid Oxide Fuel Cell)“. Thesis, Littoral, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017DUNK0496.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleFuel cells are systems that convert chemical energy directly into electrical energy. The physical structure of a fuel cell is composed of a porous cathode and anode separated by a dense electrolyte. Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFC) offer an alternative for power generation and versability in their use. Current research focuses on lowering the operating temperature of this type of fuel cell (500-700°C) to increase their life, reduce manufacturing costs and damageto the interfaces. In order to compensate these problems, research tends towards materials with better electrochemical properties or by modifying the microstructure of the cathode to improve mass transfer and charge transfer. The cathode is a very important layer in the SOFC stack because it has a polarization resistance whose reduction is a major challenge to deal with. In a first part of this thesis work we have developed a method to improve the electochemical properties of strontium doped lanthanum manganite (LSM) cathodes. The second part was devoted to the elaboration and caracterization by impedance spectroscopy of SOFC symmetric half-cells with a LSM-based composite material allowing to improve the electochemical properties of electrodes at temperatures between 600-700 °C
Thommy, Léonard. „Développement de nouveaux matériaux d’électrodes pour convertisseurs électrochimiques à haute température : piles à combustible et électrolyseurs“. Nantes, 2015. http://archive.bu.univ-nantes.fr/pollux/show.action?id=7f5a6fca-209c-49d4-b02e-4d6eef28f439.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe aim of this work is the development of new materials for the negative electrode of solid oxide fuel cells and electrolysers (SOFC and SOEC), showing a good electrocatalytic activity at intermediate temperatures. New BaIn0,3Ti0,7O3±δ-derived compounds Ba0. 5La0. 5Ti0. 3Mn0. 7O3 (BLTM) and Ba0. 5La0. 5In0. 3Ti0. 1Mn0. 6O3 (BLITIM) were developed in a first part of this work. Ni-BLTM/BIT07 et Ni-BLITIM/BIT07 symmetrical cells were fabricated by tape casting and co-sintering, and were optimised. A polarisation resistance (Rp) value of 0,20 Ω cm2 has been measured at 700°C under Ar/H2 (5%), for a nominal NiO-content of 40%m. In a second part of this work, new MIEC compound family derived from La0. 75Sr0. 25Cr0. 5-xMn0. 5O3-δ (LSCM) by substitution of ruthenium have been prepared. The introduction of ruthenium increased the total conductivity of the compound under both air and reducing atmosphere. The performances of La0. 75Sr0. 25Cr0. 4Mn0. 5Ru0. 1O3-δ (LSC0. 4MRu0. 1) as an anode material have been investigated in symmetrical cells with Ce0. 9Gd0. 1O1. 95 as electrolyte material, and compared to that of La0. 75Sr0. 25Cr0. 5Mn0. 3Ni0. 2O3-δ (LSCM0. 3Ni0. 2), LSCM, and LSCM impregnated with nickel. A metallic particle dispersion has been obtained at the surface of LSCM0. 3Ni0. 2 et LSC0. 4MRu0. 1 and it has been shown to improve a the part of the Rp linked to gas adsorption. The best performances have been obtained for LSC0. 4MRu0. 1. The comparison of the results obtained under Ar/H2 5% and under methane along with a comparison of the cell ageing allowed us to evaluate and discuss the interest of exsolution
Marchand, Olivier. „Etude du procédé de projection plasma de suspensions pour l'élaboration de piles à combustible à oxyde solide“. Phd thesis, Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00597338.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBrahim, Cyrine. „Conception et performances électrochimiques de matériaux nanostructurés pour piles à combustible à oxyde solide“. Phd thesis, Paris 6, 2006. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00002545.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDumaisnil, Kévin. „Élaboration et caractérisations de matériaux de cathode et d'électrolyte pour pile à combustible à oxyde solide“. Thesis, Littoral, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015DUNK0396/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleEnergy made from fossil fuels, oil or coal, is becoming increasingly rare and its price will increase in the near future. Developing alternative energy sources could compensate the use of fossil fuel. Particularly, an alternative form of energy is being developed through fuel cells, through the production of electricity and heat from hydrogen. Fuel cells can provide low wattage (microwatts for sensor applications), medium wattage (kilowatts for residential applications) and high wattage (megawatts for the industry). A fuel cell consists of 3 components : 2 electrodes (anode and cathode) separated by an electrolyte. In my work, I use solid pxide materials for these three elements in order to expand on the literature of Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC). Commercialized SOFCs currently operate at very high temperatures, typically above 800°C. The objective of this study was to develop oxides that could decrease the working temperature of the cell to 600°C, which would allow the use of steel to contain these fuel cells. In order to enable the SOFC to operate at this temperature, it is imperative to decrease the electrical resistances of the two electrodes and electrolyte in order to collect a continuous voltage which is maximal at the terminals of the fuel cell, and also to have a high electric current going through the fuel cell. The cathode, in contact with the oxygen present in the atmosphere, is the most critical element to be optimized. I close as a cathode material La₀.₆Sr₀.₄Co₀.₈Fe₀.₂O₃ (LSCF), which has already been studied. As electrolyte, I used Ce₀.₉Gd₀.₁O₂ (CGO) which is known to work below 650°C. I synthesized these materials through the Pechini method, a soft chemistry sol-gel method. The materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. An important aspect of this work was the electrical characterization using complex impedance measurements in a wide frequency range (0,05 Hz to 2 MHz) and temperature (300°C to 700°C). The best result was obtained with a 40 µm thick, porous, composite cathode (LSCF/CGO 50/50 wt%) was deposited by screen printing on a 1,5 mm thick and dense CGO ceramic. In addition, a dense thin film of LSCF with a thickness of about 0,1 µm was spin-coated between the cathode and the electrolyte to improve the interface. At 600°C the measured resistance of the cathode was 0,13 Ω for 1 cm² : this value is similar to the results found in the state of the art. An aging study of the cathode and the electrolyte was carried out at 600 °C for 1000 h in air : the resistance of the cathode increased of 32%. This may be related to the different values of the thermal expansion coefficients of the cathode and electrolyte materials
Benamira, Messaoud. „Conducteurs mixtes nanostructurés pour les piles à combustible à oxyde solide (SOFC) : élaboration et performances de nouvelles architectures“. Phd thesis, Paris 6, 2008. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00004896.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSharma, Rakesh. „Conception innovante de cathodes à base de nickelates de terres rares pour piles à combustible à oxyde électrolyte solide“. Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016GREAI091/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLayered Ruddlesden-Popper type (RP) oxides are promising cathodes for solid oxide fuel cells operating at intermediate temperature (~500 - 700 °C).This thesis is focused on the synthesis of mixed ionic-electronic conducting materials such as pure La2-xPrxNiO4+δ, 0 ≤ x ≤ 2, higher order Lan+1NinO3n+1 (n= 1, 2 and 3) RP phases and composites adding Ce0.9Gd0.1O2-δ (CGO) component. An innovative microstructure and architecture of these electrodes were successfully prepared using electrostatic spray deposition (ESD) and screen-printing (SP) processes. These materials were evaluated through structural, compositional, oxygen non-stoichiometry and microstructural characterizations using X-ray diffraction, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis and scanning electron microscopy. The electrochemical properties and chemical stability of these oxygen electrodes are discussed according to the architectural design and composition using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and X-ray diffraction, respectively. Finally, a single SOFC based on LaPrNiO4+δ cathode has been tested.Keywords: Solid Oxide Fuel cell(SOFC), Mixed Ionic and Electronic Conductor (MIEC), Cathode, Nickelates, Ce0.9Gd0.1O2-δ (CGO), Coral-type microstructure, architectural design, interfaces, chemical stability, Electrostatic Spray Deposition (ESD), Screen-Printing (SP), Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS)
Grosjean, Arnaud. „Etude et réalisation par coulage en bande et co-frittage de cellules de pile à combustible à oxydes solides“. Phd thesis, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00161495.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAfin de baisser les coûts de production, et tout en prenant en compte le respect de l'environnement, le procédé développé utilise un solvant de barbotine aqueux. En utilisant le système développé lors d'une précédente étude, on obtient séparément les électrodes et l'électrolyte. L'utilisation dans la présente étude de supports de séchage hydrophiles, permet d'assembler les trois couches crues pour former une cellule élémentaire avec le maximum de continuité interfaciale. Un travail réalisé au niveau de la microstructure de l'anode, afin de symétriser les déformations de la cellule lors de sa mise en oeuvre, a permis de limiter le comportement mécanique différentiel des couches, ce qui a renforcé la tenue au frittage des cellules.
Afin d'interpréter les performances électriques faibles des cellules et leur rapide dégradation au cours du temps, des études en microscopie en transmission, sur échantillons préparés par FIB, et en spectroscopie d'impédance ont été menées. Il est apparu que deux phases isolantes apparaissaient à la cathode aux interfaces LSM/YSZ en raison d'une température de co-frittage trop élevée. De plus, on a mis en évidence une agglomération rapide des grains de nickel lors du fonctionnement, entraînant une perte locale ou globale de la percolation du réseau de nickel. Ce dernier problème a été résolu en augmentant au préalable la taille des grains d'oxyde de nickel (de 0,5 μm à 3 μm) afin de stabiliser la microstructure. Le problème de la réactivité aux interfaces LSM/YSZ a, quant à lui, été abordé de deux façons différentes; on a dans en premier lieu tenté d'abaisser la température de frittage en utilisant une nanopoudre de zircone, et dans un second lieu de remplacer la zircone par la cérine dopé du gadolinium (CGO) pour l'électrolyte. Cependant, l'utilisation d'une nanopoudre de zircone n'a pas permis d'abaisser la température de frittage en préservant la densité de l'électrolyte, et la cérine substituée à la zircone dans la barbotine de cathode a généré des instabilités mécaniques qui n'ont pas pu être résolu.
Le procédé développé permet cependant d'obtenir une excellente interface anode/électrolyte, au contraire d'autres procédés et malgré des différences de propriétés mécaniques importantes. Il apparaît donc pérenne pour l'utilisation d'autres matériaux ne présentant pas de réactivité aux interfaces.
Rieu, Mathilde. „Préparation par voie sol-gel et caractérisation d'une cellule complète SOFC sur support métallique poreux“. Toulouse 3, 2009. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/640/.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn this work, sol-gel route is used to shape ceramic films (anode, electrolyte, cathode) onto a porous metal support in order to prepare Metal Supported Solid Oxide Fuel Cells. However, the use of a metal forbids thermal treatments above 800°C in order to retain mechanical properties and to avoid corrosion. Electrolyte densification is not possible at such a low temperature, so the strategy is to prepare two half parts: anode onto porous metal on one part and cathode onto electrolyte on the other part, before assembling both parts with a ceramic paste. Electrodes and electrolyte materials are synthesized by sol-gel route and their physico-chemical properties are evaluated. In order to shape the anode (NiO-YSZ), the porous metal support is dipped into an optimized anode slurry composition. Half cathodic cell is separately prepared by dip-coating YSZ into a La2NiO4+delta slurry. The two half parts are then assembled in order to prepare the first metal supported solid oxide fuel cells. Electrochemical performances have to be improved but the feasibility of the metal supported cell is clearly demonstrated in this work
Rembelski, Damien. „Développement d’une pile à combustible à oxyde solide de type monochambre fonctionnant sous mélange air/méthane“. Thesis, Saint-Etienne, EMSE, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012EMSE0679/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis study is devoted to the development of a single-chamber solid oxide fuel cell. Contrary to a conventional solid oxide fuel cell, a single chamber fuel cell works under a hydrocarbon/air mixture with no more sealing needed. The working principle of this device is based on the difference of catalytic activity between the anode and the cathode: the anode must be selective to hydrocarbon oxidation and the cathode to oxygen reduction. With single-chamber geometry, chemical stability of materials has to be taken into account under hydrocarbon/air mixture at high temperature.The goal of this work is to optimize the performances of a single-chamber cell working under methane/oxygen mixture and to improve this device comprehension.Each part of the cell (electrolyte, anode, cathode) was characterized under methane/oxygen mixture. Four cathode materials (LSM, BSCF, SSC, LSCF) were compared regarding their catalytic activity, stability, electrical conductivity and polarization resistance. The catalytic activity of the anode was studied in order to identify the chemical reactions happening. A study of electrolyte supported cells showed that LSCF material is the most suitable cathode. Furthermore, this study showed that the electrolyte was too thick; the anode supported configuration was studied. The first anode supported cell showed an inhomogeneous anode and a porous electrolyte. From that, a study of the homogeneity of the anode and the densification of the electrolyte was performed. A maximum power density of 160mW.cm-2 was obtained by optimizing the working conditions of the cells (temperature and CH4/O2 ratio)
Rembelski, Damien. „Développement d'une pile à combustible à oxyde solide de type monochambre fonctionnant sous mélange air/méthane“. Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Saint-Etienne, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00789963.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleWang, Kun. „Algorithmes et méthodes pour le diagnostic ex-situ et in-situ de systèmes piles à combustible haute température de type oxyde solide“. Phd thesis, Université de Franche-Comté, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01017170.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLetilly, Marika. „Mise en forme et évaluation des performances de cellules de piles à combustible SOFC à base de Baln 0,3 TI0,7 O2,85 (BIT07)“. Nantes, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010NANT2037.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis thesis allowed to develop electrode materials around the BIT07 (BaIn0,3Ti0,7O2,85□0,15), electro- lyte material developed at the IMN and to design them on a SOFC. A first part of the thesis deals with the chemical, mechanical and electrochemical compatibilities of BIT07 with usual cathode materials and in particular BIT07 /LSCF (La0,58Sr0,4Co0,2Fe0,8O3-8). An optimisation of the electrode microstructure allows to obtain a polarisation resistance of 0. 07 Ω. Cm2 at 700 °C for the BIT07 /LSCF couple. Those two phases react together to form a complete solid solution, whose electrical and mechanical properties vary continuously between BIT07 and LSCF. In another part, a half cell anode/electrolyte has been designed by tape casting and co-firing. The anode's composition (a cermet based on BIT07 /Ni) and its microstructure have been optimised thanks to electrochemical measurements (0. 15 Ω. Cm2 at 700 °C). Complete SOFCs have been obtained by screen-printing the cathode LSCF onto the half cell. A maximum power density of 266 mW. Cm-2 and an ASR value of 0. 81 Ω. Cm2 have been achieved at 700 °C
Udroiu, Sorina-Nicoleta. „Développement de piles à combustible de type SOFC en technologie planaire couches épaisses. Application à l'étude de dispositifs en configuration monochambre“. Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Saint-Etienne, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00392071.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDans cette étude, les électrodes ont été déposées en couches épaisses par la technologie de sérigraphie sur des pastilles support d'électrolyte. Au niveau matériaux, des électrolytes à base de cérine (en particulier GDC et SDC) ont été utilisés afin de diminuer la température de fonctionnement des piles de type SOFC (par rapport à celles avec un électrolyte YSZ). Des électrodes à propriétés catalytiques bien spécifiques vis à vis du mélange gazeux, ont été aussi étudiés : cermets Ni - GDC ou Ni - SDC pour l'anode, cathodes à base de LSM, BSCF ou SSC. Les poudres initiales ainsi que les couches sérigraphiées ont été caractérisées (analyse de phase, microstructure, stabilité chimique, conductivité électrique...) par diverses méthodes physico-chimiques. Différentes piles ont été élaborées et testées dans un réacteur monochambre sous des mélanges air-propane. L'influence des conditions gazeuses (débit, composition) ainsi que de la température de fonctionnement sur les performances des piles a été étudiée. Compte tenu de nos conditions de test, les performances se sont avérées relativement modestes (densité de puissance maximale de l'ordre de 12 mW.cm-2). Néanmoins, cette étude confirme la validité du concept des piles SOFC monochambres, et a aussi permis de développer un savoir-faire au niveau du laboratoire pour poursuivre les études sur cette thématique.
Müller, Guillaume. „Conception, élaboration et caractérisation de matériaux de composition et de microstructure innovants pour les micro-piles à combustible à oxyde solide“. Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00833281.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleVibhu, Vaibhav. „Stabilité et vieillissement des études de nickelates base praséodyme comme cathodes pour oxyde solide piles à combustible“. Thesis, Bordeaux, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BORD0017/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis PhD work is dedicated to stability and ageing studies of Praseodymium based nickelates ascathodes for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFCs). With this respect Ln2NiO4+δ (Ln=La, Pr or Nd)compounds with the K2NiF4 type structure act as alternative cathode materials for IT-SOFC due totheir mixed ionic and electronic conductivity (i.e. MIEC properties). Pr2NiO4+δ shows excellentelectrochemical properties at intermediate temperature (i.e. low polarization resistance Rp value, Rp= 0.03 Ω.cm² at 700 °C), while La2NiO4+δ exhibits higher chemical stability. So, the properties ofLa2-xPrxNiO4+δ nickelates were investigated with the aim to find best compromise between chemicalstability and electrochemical performances. After synthesis, the physical and chemical properties aswell as their transport and electrochemical properties have been determined. Measurements of thepolarization resistance of symmetrical half-cells have been carried out by impedance spectroscopy.Then, the chemical stability and the electrochemical performance of the materials have been studiedfor duration up to one month. As an interesting point, even after complete dissociation of Pr2NiO4+δinto PrNiO3-δ,Pr4Ni3O10+δ and Pr6O11, the polarization resistance does not show significant change.So finally, two new materials PrNiO3-δ and Pr4Ni3O10+δ were investigated as SOFCs cathodeshowing very promising results for Pr4Ni3O10+δ in symmetrical cell (Rp (Pr4Ni3O10+δ) = Rp(Pr2NiO4+δ) = 0.15 Ω.cm² à 600 ° C) and complete cell (1.6 W.cm-2 at 800 °C)
Jarry, Angélique. „Optimisation et caractérisation des propriétés de transport de nouveaux électrolytes céramiques pour pile à combustible conductrice protonique et anionique dérivés de Baln0. 8Ti0. 2O2. 6-n(OH)2n(BIT02)“. Nantes, 2012. http://archive.bu.univ-nantes.fr/pollux/show.action?id=df220054-12e8-467d-a71a-2976bae4ccba.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleA major limitation of the perovskite type H+-SOFC electrolyte performance is the actual competition between a high level of ionic conductivity and a good stability in CO2 containing atmosphere. A compromise must be found between a low basicity to avoid decomposition by reaction with CO2 and a good proton and/or O2- diffusion associated with a high crystallographic symmetry. With an optimization of those key features, we expect to obtain the best conductivity/stability couple. Such strategies were carried out on BaIn0. 8Ti0. 2O2. 6-n(OH)2n by Zr,Ln,Sc→In,Ti substitutions, leading to BaIn0. 6Ln0. 2Ti0. 2O2. 6-n(OH)2n with Ln = Yb, Lu or Dy and BaIn1-x-yTixZryO2. 6-n with x+y ≤ 0. 2 for the best candidates. They demonstrate promising protonic and anionic conductivities respectively σH+400°C ~1. 5 mS. Cm-1 and σO2-700°C ~10 mS. Cm-1 and good chemical stability under 3% CO2 atmosphere. Even though the strong correlations between perovskite crystal phase and transport properties are well known, a better fundamental understanding at an atomic scale of conduction mechanisms is necessary to enhance the likelihood of tailoring electrolyte performance. In this work, we attempt to quantify and to localize the oxygen and proton species and to study their motions upon hydration in BaIn0. 6Yb0. 2Ti0. 2O2. 6-n(OH)2n by combining thermal X-ray, electron and neutron diffractions, neutron time-of-flight scattering data, MAS NMR, TGA and IR spectroscopy. A particular attention was paid on the structural determination as well as on hydration mechanism understanding
Bernay, Cécile. „Faisabilité de la pile à combustible à oxyde solide à température intermédiaire pour l'application véhicule : dépôt de couches atomiques d'électrolyte : modélisation et tests de cellules“. Paris 6, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA066557.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLalanne, Cécile. „Synthèse et mise en forme de nouveaux matériaux de cathode pour piles ITSOFC : réalisation et tests de cellules“. Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00092666.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBertrand, Gregory. „Films minces de manganites de lanthane (LaxMnyO 3 + δ) sur zircone yttriée ((100)YSZ) comme modèle de demi-pile à combustible à oxydes solides (SOFC) : élaboration par LP-MOCVD et propriétés interfaciales“. Dijon, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000DIJOS036.
Der volle Inhalt der QuellePuig, Jean. „Développement de verres de scellement par voie sol-gel en vue de l'élaboration d'une Serial Repeat Unit (SRU) pour piles à combustibles SOFC“. Toulouse 3, 2012. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/2457/.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleGlass seals are used to ensure gas-tightness at high temperature for SOFC systems by separating the anode and cathode compartments. These rigid seals are subject to different strains simultaneously (thermomechanical, chemical, electrical,. . . ) during thermal cycles of a SOFC. This work consisted in developing glass seals for SOFC systems using a synthesis process in a liquid medium: the sol-gel process. Low temperatures shaping and homogeneity in chemical composition of materials formed were obtained using this method. The as-formed glasses correspond to the chemical compositions BxAS (BaO-x = CaO, MgO, B2O3-Al2O3-SiO2) with a high content of BaO in order to have coefficients of thermal expansion compatible with the other components of the SOFC. The characterization of the glass properties have demonstrated that several materials had developed the required properties for application as SOFC sealing. Several tests of sealing at high temperature under oxidizing and reducing atmosphere highlighted the fact that the chemical reactivity with steel interconnects was a critical criteria in selecting the ideal formulation in BaO containing glasses. A glass with optimized chemical composition was finally selected to realize electrical tests on an operational cell. The first results on the sealed cell are promising and the glass used is a potential candidate for future SOFC applications
Belakry, Sarra. „Développement d’électrodes Innovantes pour piles à combustible réalisés sur support métallique poreux“. Thesis, Littoral, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022DUNK0614.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMetal Supported Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (MS-SOFCs) have gained significant interest due to their potential advantages (low-cost, tolerance to redox and thermal cycling and so on) over conventional fuel cells. The main objective of this thesis was to develop an intermediate temperature (500-750°C) Solid Oxide Fuel Cell on a porous metal support (MS-IT-SOFC). Two porous metallic supports in the form of compacted fibers (316L steel and FeCrAl, supplied by the local company TIBTECH, were studied in order to evaluate their physical, chemical and electrical stability and to validate their use as support for IT-SOFCs. This study leads to the selection of FeCrAl as a metallic support for IT-SOFC. The decrease of the operating temperature is partly achieved by reducing the cathode polarization resistance. This objective can be achieved either by developing new and better performing materials, or by improving the microstructure or the electrolyte/cathode or surface/interface of known materials. This thesis develops the latter approach, by improving the surface/interface of GDC/LSCF. For this purpose, three cathode architectures have been developed and characterized by impedance spectroscopy: conventional cathode (porous and thick LSCF), cathode with a thin LSCF film at the cathode-electrolyte interface, and cathode with GDC backbone infiltrated by LSCF. The influence of the last two architectures remains remarkable as their ASR is close to 0.1 Ω.cm2 at 600°C and 0.02 Ω.cm2 at 750°C. The complete MS-IT-SOFC cell with a simple cathode and GDC electrolyte has provided 421 and 523 mW/cm2 at 700 and 750°C, respectively. Thus, the goal of a metal-supported cell that can deliver 0.5 W/cm2 is achieved. On the other hand, the use of CGOCB/YSZ/CGOCB electrolyte decreased the power densities to 154 and 219 mW/cm2 at 700 and 750°C, respectively. This decrease in performance is attributed to the use of YSZ oxide, which introduces more losses at intermediate temperatures. However, the integration of a cathode with a CGO backbone impregnated with LSCF allowed to increase these values to 242 and 342 mW/cm2, demonstrating the interest of this type of cathode. All these works allowed to validate our SOFC architecture with a porous FeCrAl metal support, and to define important orientations in the choice of the electrolyte (material, thickness) and the electrodes
Nicollet, Clement. „Nouvelles électrodes à oxygène pour SOFC à base de nickelates Ln2NiO4+δ (Ln = La, Pr) préparées par infiltration“. Thesis, Bordeaux, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BORD0065/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIncreasing the electrocatalytic activity of the oxygen electrode is a possible wayto improve SOFCs performance. It can be achieved either by searching for new materials, orby working on the shaping technique and microstructure of electrodes prepared with wellknownmaterials.This thesis developed the latest approach by applying the infiltration technique to thenickelates materials La2NiO4+δ and Pr2NiO4+δ, known for their mixed electronic and ionicconduction properties. The benefits of the infiltration method over more usual techniquessuch as screen printing was first demonstrated on La2NiO4+δ electrodes. The thoroughanalysis of electrochemical measurements highlighted the extensive role of both thegas/electrode (specific area) and the electrode/electrolyte interfaces on the efficiency of theelectrode.The study of Pr2NiO4+δ-based electrodes, and especially of the secondary phases arisingfrom its decomposition, allowed discovering the remarkable electrocatalytic properties of thesimple oxide Pr6O11, leading to very low polarization resistance values (Rp = 0.028 Ω·cm2 at600 °C). The integration of such electrodes in SOFC single cells led to power densities up to825 mW·cm-2 at only 600 °C, with a remarkable stability measured during 800 h at 600 °Cand 0.5 A·cm-2
Tchakalov, Rossen. „Engineering and optimization of electrode/electrolyte interfaces to increase solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) performances“. Thesis, Université Paris sciences et lettres, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021UPSLM001.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn this work, we have established an industrial fabrication protocol for single fuel cells with either architectured or planar electrode/electrolyte interfaces. We have demonstrated that in two types of samples, differing in materials, microstructure, number of layers, and architecture location, the architecturation of the electrode/electrolyte interface results in a highly significant performance increase. Polarization measurements and EIS are used to study the electrochemical performances of the cells, to compare the architectured and planar ones. We isolate the influence of the architecturation on global impedance spectra by using an innovative comparison method based on the study of the relative gaps of the frequency-dependent resistance parts. Thus, the architecturation has a strongly favorable influence on the electrochemical performances by enhancing the catalytic capabilities of the electrodes as well as the charge transfer (and in particular the ion transfer) within the cell. The architecturation induces a 60 % increase of the maximum power density for the Type I cells and 75% for the Type II cells
Simone, Antonia. „Caractérisation microstructurale et électrique de couches céramiques obtenues par le dépôt électrophorétique (EPD) : Application à la zircone cubique“. Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Saint-Etienne, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00813386.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleEhora, Ghislaine. „Nouveaux oxydes à valence mixte : transfert de la chimie à l'électrochimie du solide“. Lille 1, 2007. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/2007/50376-2007-231.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleChnani, Moussa. „Modélisation Macroscopique de piles PEFC et SOFC pour l'étude de leur couplage“. Phd thesis, Université de Franche-Comté, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00422119.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleUne approche de modélisation macroscopique a été développée. La complexité d'une pile à combustible réside notamment dans la prise en compte de son caractère multiphysique : elle est le siège des phénomènes électrochimique, fluidiques et thermiques. Cette difficulté a été surmontée en utilisant une analogie avec un circuit électrique équivalent pour unifier ses trois aspects, implanter et coupler ces sous-modèles dans un logiciel unique sous Matlab/Simulink™.
Un modèle de pile SOFC est proposé, appliquant le principe d'analogie électrique pour les circuits anodiques et cathodiques ainsi qu'une méthode nodale pour le comportement thermique. Le combustible considéré est un mélange d'hydrogène, d'azote, de monoxyde de carbone, de dioxyde de carbone et de vapeur d'eau, dont la composition est proche de celle obtenue à la sortie d'un reformeur. Un banc d'essai spécifique a été conçu et réalisé pour le test de petits empilements afin de valider le modèle. Deux types de conception de stack ont été étudiés : une technologie à combustion libre du gaz anodique dans le fluide et une technologie à collecteur de gaz d'échappement anodique.
Un modèle de pile PEFC isotherme a également été développé sur le même principe. La validation expérimentale a été faite sur un banc disponible au laboratoire. Une bibliothèque des éléments fluidique d'un générateur à pile à combustible a été enrichie (électrovanne, régulateur de débit, détendeur...) notamment par un modèle simplifié de compresseur d'air.
Buvat, Gaëtan. „Réalisation et performances d’une cellule de pile à combustible SOFC avec l’électrolyte BaIn0. 3Ti0. 7O2. 85 et la forme réduite amorphe de La2Mo2O9 comme matériau d’anode“. Nantes, 2014. https://archive.bu.univ-nantes.fr/pollux/show/show?id=0eb1503c-de8e-4779-9fad-d69c6f877d3e.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe main objective of this research is the elaboration of a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) based on the amorphous reduced form of La2Mo2O9 and the compound BaIn0. 3Ti0. 7O2. 85 (BIT07) as anode and electrolyte materials, respectively. The first two chapters of the dissertation are devoted to a bibliographic study and a presentation of the experimental techniques used in this work. In chapter 3, the reducibility of La2Mo2O9 and stability of the reduced form are presented. In particular, the reduction kinetics has been studied and EPR measurements reported on the amorphous phases are, predominantly, reduced into Mo3+. The fourth chapter is about the elaboration of a single cell. The chemical reactivity of La2Mo2O9 and BIT07 has been studied, leading to the use a buffer layer as substituted ceria. Two cell configuration are attempted, one as anode support by tape casting, the other as electrolyte support with electrodes deposited by screen-printing. The first attempt failed due to a too big gap between optimal sintering temperatures of anode and electrolyte. The second attempt succeeded in giving a full cell with La0. 6Sr0. 4Co0. 2Fe0. 8O3-δ cathode. Finally, the last chapter presents the electrochemical characterization of single cells of this last configuration, where maximal power density has been measured at 700°C to be 40mW/cm², limited by ohmic loss accountable for the electrolyte thickness. Negligible performance loss has been reported during a 800h ageing test at 700°C
Célérier, Stéphane. „Synthèse par voie sol-gel, mise en forme et caractérisation de nouveaux matériaux d'électrolyte et d'anode pour piles à combustible SOFC : oxyapatites à charpente silicatée et Ni/oxyapatite“. Toulouse 3, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005TOU30229.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleRotureau, David. „Développement de piles à combustible de type SOFC, conventionnelles et mono-chambres, en technologie planaire par sérigraphie“. Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Saint-Etienne, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00009968.
Der volle Inhalt der Quellela première partie des travaux a consisté à caractériser les propriétés physico-chimiques et électriques des matériaux choisis, sur des frittés d'abord et ensuite sur des couches sérigraphiées de YSZ, LSM ou NiO-YSZ. Ces caractérisations ont montré une bonne adaptabilité de nos matériaux pour une application pile à combustible.
La seconde partie a consisté à tester les prototypes réalisés sur l'électrolyte support, et sur anode support avec les électrodes et l'électrolyte déposé par sérigraphie. Les faibles performances obtenues sont surtout dues à la faible température de fonctionnement (800°C), à l'épaisseur de l'électrolyte support (environ 1mm)ou à la porosité des couches de YSZ par sérigraphie. Enfin, nous avons en même temps testé un dispositif original qui consiste à exposer les deux électrodes à un mélange de combustible et du comburant. Ce dispositif mono-chambre prometteur inspiré de l'expérience des capteurs potentiométriques développés au laboratoire par Nicolas Guillet (2001), permet de s'affranchir des problèmes d'étanchéité des deux compartiments gazeux. De plus, les performances obtenues ne sont que deux fois moindres par rapport à celles obtenues avec une pile conventionnelel à deux chambres gazeuses.
Fondard, Jérémie. „Elaboration et test d’une pile à combustible IT-SOFC à support métallique poreux par l’intermédiaire de techniques de dépôt en voie sèche : projection thermique et pulvérisation cathodique magnétron“. Thesis, Belfort-Montbéliard, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BELF0254/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleEnergy production by a clean and environmental processes is a real challenge. Fuel cell technology is good candidate to answer this objective. The major problem of the Solid Oxide Fuel Cell is their high operating temperature (around 1000°C) for a massive industrialisation. Decreasing these temperature at 700°C allows a reduction of cost manufacturing and increase the lifetime, in this case the new challenge is to avoid the performances losses.During this phD work, dry surface treatment processes are employed for produce the fuel cell core. The thickness reduction of each part limit the performances decreasing generate by the modification of the temperature. The materials used is a Ni-Yttria stabilised zirconia cermet (Ni-YSZ) for the anode, YSZ with or without gadolinnia doped ceria (GDC) for electrolyte and rare earth nickelate for the cathode component. All material are a usual employed in the SOFC technology. All coating are synthesized and characterised separately. After a third generation of fuel cell is realized on ITM porous metal support produced by PLANSEE. The anode has been deposit by atmospheric plasma spray, the electrolyte and cathode have been synthesised by reactive magnetron sputtering
Delbos, Cédric. „Contribution à la compréhension de l'injection par voie liquide de céramiques (Y. S. Z. ; Pérovskite,. . . ) ou métaux (Ni,. . . ) dans un plasma d'arc soufflé afin d'élaborer des dépôts finement structurés pour S. O. F. Cs“. Limoges, 2004. http://aurore.unilim.fr/theses/nxfile/default/e9f63d07-0a8c-400d-8f58-adc4585d61e6/blobholder:0/2004LIMO0035.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe aim of this PhD work is the elaboration, by a same process, of the different constituents (electrolyte / anode / cathode) of Solid Oxyde Fuell Cells (S. O. F. Cs ). The yttria stabilised zirconia electrolyte (Y. S. Z. ) should present a dense microstructure (gas impervious) with a thickness included betwen 5 and 20 µm, whereas the electrodes shoud be porous and thicker (200-500 µm), in Ni-Y. S. Z. (anode) and LaMnO 3 (cathode). The chosen process to reach these goals is the direct current plasma jet projection, under atmospheric pressure, of ceramics or metals by liquid injection (liquid precursor or micronic or submicronic powder suspensions). To bring this work to a successful conclusion, a good understanding of the acting event (plasma parameters, liquid injection, plasma liquid jet penetration and plasma suspension treatment, kind and granulometry of the powder used for the suspension production,…) is necessary, and simple models have been used in order to determine some magnitudes and explain experimental results. These works have also allowed the elaboration of dense electrolytes with a thickness included between 5 and 20 µm and finely structured porous electrodes. Moreover, the first results on multi layered production of the fuel cell constituent (electrolyte-cathode and electrolyte-anode) are likely
Mariño, Blanco Mariana. „Modification de la porosité de Ce0,9Gd0,1O1,95 par traitement laser : application pile SOFC monochambre“. Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSEM035/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn single-chamber solid oxide fuel cells (SC-SOFC), anode and cathode are placed in a gas chamber where they are both exposed to a fuel/air mixture. Similarly to conventional dual-chamber SOFC, the anode and the cathode are separated by an electrolyte, but in the SC-SOFC configuration it does not play tightness role between compartments. For this reason, a porous electrolyte can be processed by screen printing. However, it is necessary to have a diffusion barrier to prevent the transportation of hydrogen produced locally at the anode to the cathode through the electrolyte that reduces fuel cell performances. This study aims to obtain directly a diffusion barrier through the surface densification of the electrolyte by a laser treatment. The material chosen for the electrolyte was cerium gadolinium oxide Ce0.9Gd0.1O1.95 (CGO) which is deposited by screen printing on a composite NiO-CGO anode. UV laser and IR laser irradiations were used at different fluences and number of pulses to modify the density of the electrolyte coating. Microstructural characterizations confirmed the modifications on the surface of the electrolyte for appropriate experimental conditions showing either grain growth or densified but cracked surfaces. Structural and chemical modifications on the surface were evaluated as well as the gas diffusion through the electrolytes and their electrical conductivity. In order to understand interaction between the laser and the material, thermal modelling was also developed. Finally, SC-SOFC performances were improved for the cells presenting grain growth at the electrolyte surface, particularly, the power density has been enhanced by a factor 2
Cienfuegos, René Fabian. „Synthèse par voie sol-gel et mise en forme de couches épaisses de nickelates de lanthane : applications comme cathodes de piles à combustible SOFC“. Toulouse 3, 2008. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/233/.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis work focuses on the synthesis and elaboration of thin and thick layers of lanthanum nickelates (Ruddlesden-Popper phases) La2-xNiO4+d (x = 0, 0. 02) and La4Ni3O10. These mixed conducting materials (MIEC) are studied for their application as cathodes for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) operating at intermediate temperatures (700-800°C). They are prepared in the form of powders by sol-gel process and then incorporated into suspensions. In these suspensions, physico-chemical parameters have been optimized in order to ensure their stability. By dip-coating the substrate directly in the sol or in the suspension, followed by heat treatment, homogeneous and crack-free thin (100-200 nanometers) or thick (several microns) coatings respectively are prepared. In a second step, homogeneous or architectured thick multilayers were prepared, with or without interfacial thin layer. In this work, structural and microstructural characterization of the coatings are presented and discussed. Electrochemical tests of selected architectures were then used to valid performances of these promising structured cathodes
Fontana, Sébastien. „Interconnecteurs métalliques de piles à combustible de type SOFC - Résistance à la corrosion et conductivité électrique à haute température“. Phd thesis, Université de Bourgogne, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00461163.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLay, Elisa. „Nouveaux matériaux d'électrode de cellule SOFC“. Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00461152.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLay, Elisa. „Nouveaux matériaux d'électrode de cellule SOFC“. Phd thesis, Grenoble 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009GRE10307.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleInfluences of two cations, cerium and baryum, have been examined on the structural, physico-chemical, electrical and electrochemical properties of LSCM (La,Sr)(Cr,Mn)O3 as an anode for SOFC. LSCM was subtituted on the A site of the perovskite (cerium on lanthanum sites, or baryum on strontium sites). The related composition CeSCM (CexSr1-xCr0. 5Mn0. 5O3) has been synthetised in order to increase Ce4+ concentration. Chemical stabilities are discussed in elaboration and operating conditions. Electrical conductivity measurements have been performed in different atmospheres. CeLSCM and CeSCM are p-type semi-conductors. LBSCM materials are n-type semi-conductors for pO2 from 1 atm to 10-4 atm, and p-type for lower pO2. Electrical conductivity for CeLSCM materials increases with cerium content. Conductivities of CeSCM materials are similar. In reducing conditions, these materials exhibit a conductivity of 1 S. Cm-1 at 900 °C, except for CeSCM 50 (0,2 S. Cm-1). Baryum content has no influence on electrical conductivity of LBSCM; it is divided by 2 compared with LSCM in air and in H2- 3% H2O, and is slighty better than LSCM in argon. Electrochemical characterizations have been performed on dense pin-shaped electrodes. Stationnary and dynamic periodic measurements were performed. Anodic performances of CeLSCM materials increase with cerium content. CeLSCM 37. 5 properties are compatible with an application as anode SOFC operating beyond 800 °C. Electrode reaction is not modified when strontium is substituted by cerium. However, lanthanum absence has a poor effect on performance. LBCM exhibits interesting performances as an anode for SOFC. Origins of electrode reactions are discussed
Grimaud, Alexis. „Propriétés de conduction mixte O2- / H+ / e- dans quelques phases dérivées de la perovskite : application aux cathodes de piles à combustible H+-SOFC“. Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00695911.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMa, Yangzhou. „Modeling and development of new materials for fuel cells solid electrolyte“. Thesis, Belfort-Montbéliard, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BELF0286/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) defined by its ceramic and oxide electrolyte, is an electrochemical energy conversion device that produces electricity directly from the chemical reaction of fuel. Nowadays, apatite type rare earths silicates and germaniums attract many interests as the solid electrolyte due to the superior transport properties with high ionic conductivity and low activation energy. They can operate stably at intermediate temperature over a wide oxygen partial pressure range and maintain excellent performances, being considered as a candidate for IT-SOFC electrolytes. Among this series of conductors, the La-Si-O type has a higher conductivity and the performance would be modified by different doping elements.The objective of this thesis is to study the effects of element substitution/doping and synthesis methods on the structural and conductivity properties of apatite type lanthanum silicates. In this study, we use a double approach: a simulation approach and an experimental approach to optimize the electrolyte materials purity and performance.Using simulation approach, a first principle calculation based on DFT (Density Functional Theory) was carried out to investigate the effect on doping positions: Sr dopant at La position and Ge dopant at Si position. The calculation results give a connection to the ionic conductivity obtained by experiments.With experimental approach, we present the synthesis and characterization of Sr-doped La10Si6O27 (LSO) prepared through an optimized water-based sol-gel process. The results show that the ionic conductivity is thermally activated and values lies between 4.5×10-2 and 1×10-6 Scm-1 at 873 K as a function of the composition and powder preparation conditions
Rousseau, Frédéric. „Etude des mécanismes de formation des couches d' oxyde Perovskite par procédé plasma basse pression à tuyère supersonique pour l' élaboration de la cathode des piles à combustible SOFC : modélisation et caractérisation expérimentale“. Paris 6, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA066543.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleJia, Lu. „Étude de la fabrication de piles à combustible nanostructurées SOFC par l'injection de suspensions et de solutions dans un plasma inductif“. Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2010. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/1943.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleRicca, Chiara. „Combined theoretical and experimental study of the ionic conduction in oxide-carbonate composite materials as electrolytes for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC)“. Thesis, Paris 6, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA066623/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleOxide-carbonate composites are promising electrolytes for LT-SOFC, thanks to their high conductivity (0.1-1 S/cm at 600°C). A deeper understanding on the origins of their improved performances is still necessary. For this purpose, a combined theoretical and experimental approach was developed. We first studied systematically the conductivity of the material, measured through EIS, as a function of different oxide or carbonate phases and of the operating atmosphere. Results on YSZ- and CeO2-based materials indicate that by only taking into account the interfaces it is possible to rationalize some surprising observations, while reactivity issues have been observed for TiO2-carbonate composites. We then proposed a computational strategy based on periodic DFT calculations: we first studied the bulk structure of each phase so as to select an adequate computational protocol, which has then been used to identify a suitable model of the most stable surface for each phase. These surface models have thus been combined to obtain a model of the oxide-carbonate interface that through static DFT and MD provides a deeper insight on the interface at the atomic level. This strategy was applied to provide information on the structure, stability and electronic properties of the interface. YSZ-LiKCO3 was used as a case study to investigate the conduction mechanisms of different species. Results showed a strong influence of the interfaces on the transport properties. The TiO2-LiKCO3 model was, instead, used to investigate the reactivity of these materials. Overall, these results pave the way toward a deeper understanding of the basic operating principles of SOFC based on these materials