Thematische Bibliographien / Pieces of evidence

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Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Pieces of evidence“

Autor: Grafiati

Veröffentlicht am 28. Juni 2021

Zuletzt aktualisiert am 18. Februar 2022

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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "Pieces of evidence"

Potter, Sean. „Pieces of Evidence“. Weatherwise 57, Nr. 3 (Mai 2004): 28–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00431670409605457.

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Freda, Margaret Comerford. „500 Pieces of Evidence“. MCN, The American Journal of Maternal/Child Nursing 30, Nr. 2 (März 2005): 83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005721-200503000-00001.

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Mulrow, Cynthia. „Integrating Heterogeneous Pieces of Evidence in Systematic Reviews“. Annals of Internal Medicine 127, Nr. 11 (01.12.1997): 989. http://dx.doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-127-11-199712010-00008.

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Kalso, Eija. „Five easy pieces on evidence-based medicine (1)“. European Journal of Pain 4, Nr. 2 (Juni 2000): 217–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/eujp.2000.0180.

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Kalso, Eija, und R. Andrew Moore. „Five easy pieces on evidence-based medicine (2)“. European Journal of Pain 4, Nr. 3 (September 2000): 321–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/eujp.2000.0191.

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Kalso, Eija, Jayne Edwards, Henry J. McQuay und R. Andrew Moore. „Five easy pieces on evidence-based medicine (3)“. European Journal of Pain 5, Nr. 2 (Juni 2001): 227–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/eujp.2001.0242.

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Kalso, Eija, Jayne Edwards, Henry J. McQuay und R. Andrew Moore. „Five easy pieces on evidence-based medicine (4)“. European Journal of Pain 6, Nr. 1 (Januar 2002): 89–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/eujp.2001.0306.

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Good, I. J. „C311. On the comblnation of pieces of evidence“. Journal of Statistical Computation and Simulation 31, Nr. 1 (Januar 1989): 54–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00949658908811114.

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Jang, Minhwan, Timothy J. Luke, Pär-Anders Granhag und Aldert Vrij. „The Impact of Evidence Type on Police Investigators’ Perceptions of Suspect Culpability and Evidence Reliability“. Zeitschrift für Psychologie 228, Nr. 3 (Juli 2020): 188–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/2151-2604/a000411.

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Abstract. In a repeated-measures experimental study, we examined how evidence type influences police investigators’ beliefs about (a) suspect’s culpability and (b) reliability of incriminating evidence. South Korean detectives ( N = 202) read four crime reports including general information about a crime and a suspect. In the general case information, one piece of critical and several pieces of noncritical evidence collected during the investigation were presented. Officers read four simulated reports of crimes, and in each report, they were given one piece of evidence linking the suspect to the crime. We manipulated the critical evidence identifying the suspect with four evidence types: CCTV, DNA, fingerprint, and eyewitness testimony. We found that evidence type influenced detectives’ judgments about suspect’s culpability and evidence reliability, such that when eyewitness (vs. CCTV, DNA, fingerprint) evidence was given as critical evidence, officers were more likely to think that the suspect was less culpable and that the evidence was less reliable. Theoretical and legal implications of these results are discussed.

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Rebitschek, Felix G., Franziska Bocklisch, Agnes Scholz, Josef F. Krems und Georg Jahn. „Biased Processing of Ambiguous Symptoms Favors the Initially Leading Hypothesis in Sequential Diagnostic Reasoning“. Experimental Psychology 62, Nr. 5 (November 2015): 287–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1618-3169/a000298.

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Abstract. In sequential diagnostic reasoning, observed pieces of evidence activate hypotheses in memory and are integrated to reach a final diagnosis. The order of evidence can influence diagnostic reasoning. This article examines the processing of ambiguous evidence underlying order effects if multiple hypotheses are activated. In five experiments with a quasi-medical scenario, participants dealt with symptom sequences supporting multiple diagnoses. The symptom order, the response mode (end-of-sequence, step-by-step), and the consistency of evidence were manipulated. A primacy order effect occurred with both response modes suggesting that ambiguous pieces of evidence were distorted toward the hypothesis that strongly corresponded with the first piece. The primacy effect was partially counteracted by stepwise belief ratings, which strengthened the weight of recent evidence and promoted switching to an alternative diagnosis. We conclude that once hypotheses are generated, the interplay of coherence-oriented information distortion and memory-dependent analytic processes propagates into distinct order effects in diagnoses.

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Dissertationen zum Thema "Pieces of evidence"

Archuleta, Kathryn. „Evidence of Construct-Related Validity for Assessment Centers: More Pieces of the Inferential Pie“. Thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2009-05-579.

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Much research has been conducted on the topic of the construct-related validity of assessment centers, however a definitive conclusion has yet to be drawn. The central question of this debate is whether assessment centers are measuring the dimensions they are designed to measure. The present study attempted to provide more evidence toward the improvement of construct-related validity. The first hypothesis involved determining whether opportunity to observe and opportunity to behave influenced discriminant and convergent validity. The second hypothesis addressed the debate over evaluation method and examined which method, within-exercise or within-dimension, yielded more favorable internal construct-related validity evidence. The third hypothesis explored the call for exercise scoring in assessment centers and compared the criterion-related validity of exercise versus dimension scores within the same assessment center. Finally, the fourth objective looked at the relationship of the stability of the dimensions with internal construct-related validity, specifically convergent validity evidence. A developmental assessment center used in two applied settings supplied the data. Two administrations of the assessment center were conducted for low to mid-level managers in a state agency (N = 31). Five administrations were conducted in a professional graduate school of public administration that prepares students for leadership and managerial positions in government and public service (N = 108). The seven administrations yielded a total sample size of 139 participants. Analysis of multi-trait-multi-method (MTMM) matrices revealed that, as hypothesized, a lack of opportunity to behave within exercises, operationalized using behavior counts, yielded poor discriminant validity. Assessor ratings of opportunity to observe and behave did not produce hypothesized results. Consistent with the second hypothesis, secondary assessors, who represented the within-dimension evaluation method, provided ratings that demonstrated better construct-related validity evidence than the ratings provided by primary assessors, who represented the within-exercise method. Correlation and regression analyses of the dimension/performance relationships and the exercise/performance relationships revealed neither dimensions nor exercises to be the better predictor of supervisor ratings of performance. Using MTMM, partial support was found for the fourth objective: those dimensions that were more stable across exercises yielded better convergent validity evidence versus those dimensions that were more situationally specific. However the differences were not statistically significant or large. Overall results of this study suggest that there are some areas of design and implementation that can affect the construct-related validity of assessment centers, and researchers should continue to search for ways to improve assessment center construct-related validity, but should also look for ways other than MTMM to assess validity.

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Grossová, Andrea. „Nepřípustnost důkazů v trestním řízení“. Master's thesis, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-446496.

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Inadmissibility of Evidence in Criminal Proceedings Abstract The main goal of this work is to find out exactly how the conditions of admissibility of evidence in criminal proceedings are determined by law. This issue is explained in detail not only in the so-called Rath Case, where there was a conflict of views on the requirements of the application for spatial interception, specifically in the decisions of the High Court in Prague of October 17, 2016, file no. 6 To 106/2015 and the Supreme Court of June 7, 2017, File no. 6 Tz 3/2017-I.-693. First, the work deals with individual means of evidence and their possible defects, which may result in their inadmissibility at the court. Subsequently, the author explains the differences between the concepts of ineffectiveness, inadmissibility and illegality of evidence, which is defined only by legal science, but which are essential for understanding the issue of admissibility of evidence and possible correction of inconsistencies in the Czech legal system. It also offers insight into the issue of absolute and relative ineffectiveness of evidence and then deals with the American Doctrine of Fruit from the Poisoned Tree and the views of Czech experts in the field of law on this doctrine, or other methods of assessing secondary evidence. A comparative part is added,...

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Liao, Willis Weishan, und 廖唯善. „“Developing Variation” in Musical Context: Evidence from The First Movement of Piano Quartet No.3, Op. 60 by Johannes Brahms and The First Piece of Five Pieces for Orchestra, Op. 16 by Arnold Schoenberg / Music Compositions by Willis Weishan Liao“. Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/42500660833886612472.

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碩士
東吳大學
音樂學系
99
“Developing variation” is a concept coined by Austrian composer Arnold Schoenberg (1874-1951), in which the needed materials throughout a musical composition are provided by constantly varying the initial intervallic motive. However, Schoenberg not only provided some scattered discourses on developing variation, but also did not clarify his definitions of several related terms, such as gestalt, grundgestalt and motive. This thesis intends to concretize the meaning of developing variation by citing Schoenberg’s own writings and paraphrasing other theorists’ ideas. By analyzing the first movement of Brahms’ C minor Piano Quartet (op. 60) and the opening piece of Schoenberg’s Five Pieces for Orchestra (op. 16), this thesis not only verifies the feasibility of developing variation as a analytical method for larger musical forms, but also compares two mentioned composers’ unique characterizations, under the category of developing variation. Program of Willis Weishan's Composition Concert: String Quartet Piano Trio Concertino for Solo Double Bass and Chamber Group Concerto for Solo Piano and Chamber Group

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Jurkovič, Jan. „Dokazování ve správním řízení“. Master's thesis, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-328801.

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Law of evidence is a legal-based procedure for collecting and presenting proof. The aim of the process is to follow the basic principle of legal administrative proceedings, the principle of material truth. My thesis is based on the Administrative Code regulations, although I was also pointing to the fact that there are specific regulations that restrict or exclude the use of the Administrative Code. Despite the above-mentioned, the general and theoretical ideas of the law of evidence are applicable for all administrative proceedings. Except the principle of material truth there are other basic principles of vital importance to administrative proceedings, particularly the principle of legality and the principle of working out the case without undue delay. The core of law of evidence, however, is contained in provisions of the Administrative Code dealing with the bases for a decision in the administrative proceedings at first instance. For the law of evidence in administrative proceedings it is also often applicable doctrinal and judicial knowledge of civil and criminal law, as a connecting element between these different areas of law is the principle of material truth. The decision-making practice of the administrative courts respects the similarities between criminal and administrative punishment,...

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Bücher zum Thema "Pieces of evidence"

Gallery, Ikon, Hrsg. Michel Franc̦ois: Pieces of evidence. Birmingham, UK: Ikon Gallery, 2014.

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Visson, Arielle Elan. Droit à la production de pièces et discovery: Droit fédéral, droits cantonaux de Vaud, Genève, Zurich et droit anglais. Zürich: Schulthess Polygraphischer Verlag, 1997.

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Chiarelli, Cosimo, und Walter Pasini, Hrsg. Paolo Mantegazza e l'Evoluzionismo in Italia. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-6453-186-1.

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An eclectic figure – a scientist, novelist, anthropologist, politician and man of his time – Paolo Mantegazza (1831-1910) played a leading role in Italian society and the cultural scene of the late nineteenth century, even if historic events then partially eclipsed his memory. The retrieval and valorisation of the legacy of Mantegazza were the focus of the meetings that were held in the main sites connected with his life (Monza, Florence, Lerici) at which academics in different disciplines exchanged notes on various aspects, some even little known, of his multifaceted activity. This book brings together a selection of the most significant works presented on these occasions. They represent pieces in a complex puzzle which brings fully to light the great variety of interests and curiosities of the man, and the profound methodological rigour that guided his entire scientific production and is today the most evident sign of his contemporary relevance.

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Figdor, Carrie. Pieces of Mind. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198809524.001.0001.

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Many people accept that chimpanzees, dolphins, and some other animals can think and feel. But these cases are just the tip of a growing iceberg. If biologists are right, fruit flies and plants make decisions, worms and honeybees can be trained, bacteria communicate linguistically, and neurons have preferences. Just how far does cognition go? This book is the first to critically consider this question from the perspective of the entire range of new ascriptions of psychological capacities throughout biology. It is also the first to consider the role of mathematical models and other quantitative forms of evidence in prompting and supporting the new ascriptions. It defends a default literal interpretation of psychological terms across biological domains. It also considers the implications of the literal view for efforts to explain the mind’s place in nature and for traditional ways of distinguishing the superior moral status of humans relative to other living beings.

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Spencer, Maureen, und John Spencer. 1. Exam skills for success in evidence. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/he/9780198715795.003.0001.

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The Concentrate Questions and Answers series offers the best preparation for tackling exam questions. Each book includes typical questions, bullet-pointed answer plans and suggested answers, author commentary and illustrative diagrams and flow charts. This book is a supplementary aid to coursework preparation and particularly to revision for examinations and coursework. It does not present model answers to be slavishly imitated but, rather, examples to help the student understand the topic and see how it might be approached. The examinee’s objective is to accumulate in the time allowed as many marks as possible, a goal that needs to be broken down into three stages: namely, planning, execution and review. These days law examinations can take different forms, including seen questions, open book exams and so on. To take account of this, the book includes essay answers that are closer to more fully researched pieces than to the answers in a traditional unseen examination.

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Jonathan, Peddie. Part VI Providing and Obtaining Assistance, B Obtaining Assistance, 21 Judicial Cooperation Including Obtaining Evidence. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198716587.003.0021.

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This chapter argues that there is potential for conflict between common and civil law jurisdictions where the approach to preparation for trial, and through that the taking of evidence, differ to a large degree. In common law jurisdictions, where it is usual for private parties to be proactively involved in the evidence gathering process, it will not seem irregular for evidence to be taken by an agent of a foreign court for the purpose of proceedings on foot in that court. Such an approach may, however, offend the rules of civil law jurisdictions, where the obtaining of evidence, at least in criminal matters, is primarily the role of the judiciary. To address this potential for conflict, a number of pieces of legislation and bilateral and multilateral civil procedure conventions have evolved over time to facilitate official intervention in order to obtain cross-jurisdictional assistance in the gathering of evidence for the purpose of both civil and criminal proceedings. The various ways in which assistance may be sought by or obtained from the English courts are explored in this chapter.

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Bacon, Andrew. Vagueness and Evidence. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198712060.003.0006.

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If there are vague propositions it is natural to wonder what role they play in thought. A natural picture, given a linguistic theory of vagueness, is that one only learns a vague proposition via a public language sentence that expresses it (e.g. by hearing someone reliable asserting the sentence). This chapter argues that there are many ways to obtain vague evidence that do not involve language. It focuses on ‘inexact’ evidence acquired through imperfect perceptual faculties, and argues that the effect of inexact evidence on our credences is similar to the effect of conditioning on a vague proposition, and cannot easily be simulated by conditioning on any precise proposition. The chapter introduces the notion of an evidential role—a profile of the effects a certain piece of inexact evidence can have on your credences—and outlines the central principle of vague propositions: the Principle of Plenitude. This principle states that there is a vague proposition occupying every evidential role.

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Bruun, Christer. Roman Government and Administration. Herausgegeben von Christer Bruun und Jonathan Edmondson. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195336467.013.014.

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This chapter outlines how critical inscriptions are for our understanding of the functioning of the administrative structures of Roman government. The author discusses the best methodology for using epigraphic texts to reconstruct Roman administration, showing how even short texts can provide critical pieces of evidence, especially during the imperial period. Knowing how to use arguments from silence is shown to be a crucial element in the modern study of Roman government .

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Littlejohn, Clayton. Reasons and Theoretical Rationality. Herausgegeben von Daniel Star. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199657889.013.24.

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This chapter explores the relationship between reasons and epistemic rationality. In recent debates about rationality and evidence, internalist evidentialism is quite popular. Using this theory as our stalking horse, we examine debates about the ontology of evidence and reasons, a puzzle about rationality and evidential support relations, work on the relationship between reasons and rationality, and some underexplored issues concerning the relationship between knowledge, evidence, and normative reasons. We shall see that there are good grounds for thinking that the normative reasons that matter in epistemology are not always pieces of evidence, that there is no simple story about the relationship between believing rationally and responding correctly to the evidence or the reasons, that there are problems with formal accounts of evidential support, and that attractive views about the ontology of reasons suggest that it can be rational to believe without having a belief based on reasons.

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Franklin, James. Pre-history of Probability. Herausgegeben von Alan Hájek und Christopher Hitchcock. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199607617.013.3.

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The history of the evaluation of uncertain evidence before the quantification of probability in 1654 is a mass of examples relevant to current debates. They deal with matters that in general are as unquantified now as ever – the degree to which evidence supports theory, the strength and justification of inductive inferences, the weight of testimony, the combination of pieces of uncertain evidence, the price of risk, the philosophical nature of chance, and the problem of acting in case of doubt. Concepts similar to modern “proof beyond reasonable doubt” were developed especially in the legal theory of evidence. Moral theology discussed “probabilism”, the doctrine that one could follow a probable opinion in ethics even if the opposite was more probable. Philosophers understood the difficult problem of induction. Legal discussion of “aleatory contracts” such as insurance and games of chance developed the framework in which the quantification of probability eventually took place.

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Buchteile zum Thema "Pieces of evidence"

Torchia, M., D. Austin und I. L. Gitajn. „Opinion Pieces in Surgery“. In Evidence-Based Surgery, 277–84. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-05120-4_26.

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Liu, Weiru. „Combining Multiple Pieces of Evidence“. In Propositional, Probabilistic and Evidential Reasoning, 101–18. Heidelberg: Physica-Verlag HD, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7908-1811-6_5.

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Meyr, Andrew J. „The Etiology of Hallux Abductovalgus Described in Six Pieces“. In Evidence-Based Bunion Surgery, 23–41. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-60315-5_3.

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Labreuche, Christophe, und Michel Grabisch. „Modeling Positive and Negative Pieces of Evidence in Uncertainty“. In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 279–90. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-45062-7_23.

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Clanton Harpine, Elaine. „Why Can’t I just Use Bits and Pieces of an Evidence-Based Program?“ In Teaching At-Risk Students to Read, 41–45. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-50624-1_4.

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Faber, M., J. Greensite, Š. Olejník und D. Yamada. „Some Pieces of Lattice Evidence in Favor of the Center-Vortex Picture of Color Confinement“. In Lattice Fermions and Structure of the Vacuum, 327–34. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4124-6_32.

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Ferrari, Marco, Nausica Montalto und Piero Nicolai. „Novel Approaches in Surgical Management: How to Assess Surgical Margins“. In Critical Issues in Head and Neck Oncology, 95–110. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-63234-2_7.

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AbstractThe concept of surgical margins was born a long time ago but still lacks a univocal and sound understanding. The current biological rationale behind the recommendations on margins management relies on two pillars: (1) the observation that groups of cancer cells can leave the macroscopic tumor and disseminate throughout adjacent tissues with different degrees of aggressiveness; (2) the belief that removal of all (or most of) cancer cells can cure the patient. However, this background is undermined by some pieces of evidence. For instance, it has been proven that tissues surrounding cancer often bear precancerous traits, which means that cutting through non-cancerous tissues does not equate to cut through healthy tissues. The head and neck exquisitely poses a number of challenges in the achievement of negative margins, with special reference to anatomical complexity, high density in relevant structures, and unique histological heterogeneity of cancers. Currently, intraoperative margins evaluation relies on surgeons’ sight, palpation, ability to map tumor extension on imaging, and knowledge of anatomy, with some optical imaging technologies aiding the delineation of the mucosal margins of excision. Frozen sections are currently used to intraoperatively evaluate margins, yet with debate on whether and how this practice should be performed. Future perspectives on improvement of margins control are threefold: research is oriented towards refinements of understanding of cancers local progression, implementation of technologies to intraoperatively render tumor extension, and employment of optical imaging modalities capable of detecting foci of residual tumor in the surgical bed.

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Hu, Changhua, Hongdong Fan und Zhaoqiang Wang. „Degradation Modeling and Reliability Prediction Based on Evidence Reasoning“. In Residual Life Prediction and Optimal Maintenance Decision for a Piece of Equipment, 171–92. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-2267-0_8.

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Wonder, Anita Y., und G. Michele Yezzo. „How Many Pieces of Evidence?“ In Bloodstain Patterns, 111–39. Elsevier, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-415930-3.00006-8.

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Antràs, Pol. „Internalization: Empirical Evidence“. In Global Production. Princeton University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691168272.003.0008.

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This chapter describes how the internalization theories discussed in the previous chapters can be taken to the data. The empirical literature on this topic is still budding and has yet to provide fully convincing empirical tests of these models. Several well-crafted papers have offered different pieces of evidence that are consistent with one or more of those models, but the power of such tests remains fairly low, as the chapter explains. The goal of this chapter is thus not only to overview and replicate past work, but to try to highlight some of its limitations and suggest avenues for future research in this area.

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Konferenzberichte zum Thema "Pieces of evidence"

Balbiani, Philippe, David Fernández-Duque, Andreas Herzig und Emiliano Lorini. „Stratified Evidence Logics“. In Twenty-Eighth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-19}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2019/211.

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Evidence logics model agents' belief revision process as they incorporate and aggregate information obtained from multiple sources. This information is captured using neighbourhood structures, where individual neighbourhoods represent pieces of evidence. In this paper we propose an extended framework which allows one to explicitly quantify either the number of evidence sets, or effort, needed to justify a given proposition, provide a complete deductive calculus and a proof of decidability, and show how existing frameworks can be embedded into ours.

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Yang, Jianping, Bing Bai, Xiaojun Jiang, Saiqiu Liu, Hong-Zhong Huang und Li-Ping He. „A novel method for measuring the dissimilarity degree between two pieces of evidence in Dempster-Shafer evidence theory“. In 2013 International Conference on Quality, Reliability, Risk, Maintenance, and Safety Engineering (QR2MSE). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/qr2mse.2013.6625712.

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Ostrowski, Wojciech, Arnav Arora, Pepa Atanasova und Isabelle Augenstein. „Multi-Hop Fact Checking of Political Claims“. In Thirtieth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-21}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2021/536.

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Recent work has proposed multi-hop models and datasets for studying complex natural language reasoning. One notable task requiring multi-hop reasoning is fact checking, where a set of connected evidence pieces leads to the final verdict of a claim. However, existing datasets either do not provide annotations for gold evidence pages, or the only dataset which does (FEVER) mostly consists of claims which can be fact-checked with simple reasoning and is constructed artificially. Here, we study more complex claim verification of naturally occurring claims with multiple hops over interconnected evidence chunks. We: 1) construct a small annotated dataset, PolitiHop, of evidence sentences for claim verification; 2) compare it to existing multi-hop datasets; and 3) study how to transfer knowledge from more extensive in- and out-of-domain resources to PolitiHop. We find that the task is complex and achieve the best performance with an architecture that specifically models reasoning over evidence pieces in combination with in-domain transfer learning.

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Ameri, Farhad, und Khurshid Qureshi. „Investigating Different Approaches for Front-Loading Problem Solving in Product Development: Evidence From Engine Engineering“. In ASME 2006 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2006-99595.

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Front-loading problem solving is a strategy that seeks to improve product development performance by shifting the identification and solving of design problems to the earlier phases of product development process. Front-loading reduces the development time by speeding up problem solving process and eliminating the total number of problems solved in a project. Furthermore, it supports intelligent decision making through loading problem solving tasks with required pieces of knowledge. In this work, front-loading is studied from a conceptual view point. Also different approaches for front-loading are investigated and classified. To support the discussions with practical examples, front-loading in studied in the context of engine engineering.

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Zhang, Liping, und Jian S. Dai. „Reconfiguration Mechanism With Interlocking Geometric Constraints From Puzzles“. In ASME 2012 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2012-71488.

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This paper proposes a reconfiguration mechanism modelling for puzzles with its interlocking geometric constraints analysis. Wooden puzzles consisting of interlocking assemebly of notched sticks are often referred to as bar-puzzles, sometime known as the Chinese Puzzles or Chinese Cross. The puzzle with multiple reconfigurable pieces as kinematic links leads to topology arrangements. Although its partition or assembly process can be operated as mechanism motions, there does not appear to be any evidence that the idea of its mechanism property and any configuration analysis originated. To this purpose, this paper set up a static and discrete reconfiguration theory of geometric puzzles for modeling the topology changement as Put Together, Take Apart, Sequential Movement and various others. The partition and assembly process analysis aims to extract the kinematic chains as links and joints. The puzzle unlocking leads to configuration constraints rearrangement problems which accompanying pieces of bars self-grouped as defined reconfiguration links and joints. The mathematical recreation of the mechanism structure stems from its interlocking geometric constraints property. This paper reveals its interlocking property as configuration constraints including many passive constraints and further discloses the mechanism constraints modeling in two different partition methods. The puzzle solutions are first described as reconfigurable topology mechanism and the constrained mobility is analyzed based on an ingenious and distinctive reconfiguration property.

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Anshariy, A. „The Importance of Identifying the Evidence of Hydrodynamic Trapping for New Well Placement in Mature Offshore Stupa Field“. In Digital Technical Conference. Indonesian Petroleum Association, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29118/ipa20-g-93.

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To predict the hydrocarbon limit and new well placement for future development in the mature Stupa field, hydrodynamic trapping analysis is carried out to find a solution of “tilted” contact hypothesis. The static and dynamic data of 6 exploration wells and 12 development wells were used to recognize the evidence of hydrodynamic trapping. There are multiple pieces of such evidence for hydrodynamic trapping such as variation in fluid contacts, lateral reservoirs drainage and variation of water pseudo potential. This paper will describe identification of tilted gas – water contacts related to hydrodynamic trapping mechanism plays, to predict and map the tilted contact using “u” map as a limit of the field and how a tilted gas-water contacts map leads for opportunity to identify future well development. It is concluded that the hydrodynamic trapping is working in the Stupa field. A new limit of hydrocarbon accumulation as a result of tilted contact mapping using “U” map has significantly changed the field development strategy in the Stupa field. The West Stupa Panel has now become the new target location of future field development for prolonging the production life of the mature Stupa field. At the end of 2019, one development well was drilled at the north flank of West Stupa Panel and showed very good results, which unlocked the remaining gas potential of this panel. Following this positive result, 3 other wells are proposed to develop the remaining stakes in this panel. Identifying the evidence of hydrodynamic trapping and mapping the tilted gas – water contacts had opened new opportunities for further field development in flank areas of the mature gas Stupa field.

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Hong, Yong. „Detection of a Counterfeit OTA Device and Certification of a Replacement Source“. In ISTFA 2011. ASM International, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.istfa2011p0234.

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Abstract The counterfeiting of semiconductor devices has become an important contributor as more components are used in the increasingly sophisticated audio and navigation systems while more suppliers are moving manufacturing plants off-shore. This paper presents a case study on how the authors were able to identify a counterfeit device and certify a replacement source. In this study, failed devices with Intersil CA3080 Operational Transductance Amplifier IC from factory testing and field returns in suspect lot codes were purchased from a second source, due to the unavailability of the obsolete device from the regular first source. The suspect lot codes that were not recognizable by the manufacturer were determined to be counterfeit devices. Many pieces of physical evidence suggested that the failed devices were not consistent with genuine devices directly purchased from the manufacturer.

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Richardson, Sarah, und Sladana Krstic. „Evidencing creativity and curiosity in IB schools“. In Research Conference 2021: Excellent progress for every student. Australian Council for Educational Research, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37517/978-1-74286-638-3_7.

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There is growing recognition of the importance of learners gaining transversal or 21st-century attributes in order to thrive in the contemporary world. This poses a number of challenges for educators. First, to what extent are transversal attributes innate, or do they include a combination of traits and skills? Second, what can teachers do to help nurture these attributes in learners? Third, how can the existence or strengthening of attributes be recognised? In this paper, we draw on work that we are doing for the International Baccalaureate Organisation to define conceptual frameworks for creativity and curiosity. Our goal is to enable learners to evidence achievement in each of these attributes, and for teachers to be able to recognise it. The frameworks draw on extensive scholarly literature to define the core components of both curiosity and creativity and the skills that are inherent in each one. This is the first step towards the development of a ‘transversal résumé’ that will allow learner achievement to be recorded. This includes a focus on the extent to which schools and teachers can provide learners with opportunities to gain, practice or enhance the skills that contribute to transversal attributes and a scaffold that enables learners to reflect on the extent to which they have evidenced creativity or curiosity in sustained pieces of work. The paper raises some key questions that have arisen as we have grappled with both conceptual and practical issues in this project. These provide valuable insights into the nurturing of transversal attributes, and the implications for educational professionals.

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Mindrup, Matthew. „La Réaction Poètique of a Prepared Mind“. In LC2015 - Le Corbusier, 50 years later. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/lc2015.2015.677.

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Abstract: This paper explores Le Corbusier’s practice of collecting and studying everyday objects as inspiration for new architectural ideas. An avid collector of ‘objets trouves’ that Le Corbusier referred to specifically as ‘objets à réaction poètique,’ he promoted their use claiming they gave direction to an imagination that alone might not be able to detect. Perhaps the most famous object in Le Corbusier’s collection was a crab shell that he used as inspiration for the design of the roof for his Notre-Dame du Haut chapel in Ronchamp, France. Although Le Corbusier’s use of this shell is well documented in studies on his oeuvre, little attention has been given to the role he intended found objects to play in his design process. In themselves these objects, which have their own identities as shells, pinecones or pieces of bone, they do not immediately lend themselves to any architectural solution. Rather, they are evidence of Le Corbusier’s unique approach to design that relies on a what Louis Pasteur referred to as a ‘prepared mind,’ availed of all relevant data and information pertaining to a task, that can search for solutions in random object or events by spontaneously shift back and forth between analytic and associative modes of thought. Keywords: Architectural model, Ronchamp, Design method, Imagination, Play, Objet trouve. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/LC2015.2015.677

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Farid, Farzad, Raed Lubbad und Kenneth Eik. „A Hybrid Bayesian Belief Network Model for Risk Modeling of Arctic Marine Operations“. In ASME 2014 33rd International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2014-23926.

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Optimizing the design of offshore structures to withstand ice loads is a challenging task and various efforts are under way to develop robust concepts with acceptable structural safety. To ameliorate the deficiencies of structural design, as well as to reduce the costs of such Arctic offshore field developments, ice management operations may be considered to reduce the ice severity. Ice management in sea ice will typically involve use of 1 to 4 icebreakers depending on the operating environment. The ice management fleet is aimed at protecting the offshore installation by breaking the incoming ice into smaller pieces and by reducing the confinement in the ice cover. Failure of such a marine operation in the demanding Arctic environment can threaten the integrity of the offshore platforms or drilling units, e.g. by increasing the chances of failure of mooring lines in the occurrence of extreme events. Therefore, understanding the causes of such potential failure, as well as the factors influencing it is of crucial importance in order to plan for and mitigate the risks. Factors with an influence on the risk are called risk influencing factors (RIFs) and can be technical, organizational and human. RIFs are identified and structured in this study in a way that they affect the basic events of a conventional fault tree analysis and consequently the total risk. In this study, the RIFs are treated as uncertain variables. The established model is called a hybrid model because it is a merger of a Bayesian belief network (BBN) for the RIF structure and a conventional fault tree model. The Bayesian framework provides the opportunity for updating of the model constituents as more evidence becomes available over time. Case studies are defined to illustrate the methodology. Results show how the improvement in the status of the RIFs (better practices) can improve the reliability of the mooring lines of a floating unit and how the precision in data and other model parameters affect the results. At the end, an investment priority measure is proposed that can help in determining where among the various influencing factors the available limited resources should be spent in a way that it results in maximum gain in ultimate reliability.

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Berichte der Organisationen zum Thema "Pieces of evidence"

Reynolds, Christian, Libby Oakden, Sarah West, Rachel Pateman und Chris Elliott. Citizen Science and Food: A Review. Food Standards Agency, März 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46756/sci.fsa.nao903.

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Citizen science and food is part of a new programme of work to explore how we can involve the communities we serve when building the evidence-base on which policy decisions are made. Citizen science is an approach that can provide high volumes of data with a wide geographic spread. It is relatively quick to deploy and allows access to evidence we would ordinarily have difficulty collating. This methodology has been endorsed by the European Commission for Research, Science and Innovation. There is no one size fits all definition, but citizen science projects involves engaging with communities and asking them to be part of the project, either through engaging them in data collection or through other ways of co-creation. For participants, citizen science offers learning opportunities, the satisfaction of contributing to scientific evidence and the potential to influence policy. It can also give us data which is high in volume, has wide geographical spread, is relatively quick to deploy and that we couldn’t access any other way. Projects using these methods often involve engaging with communities and asking them to be part of the project. This can be either through working with them in data collection, or through co-creation. This report demonstrates that the research community are already undertaking numerous pieces of research that align with FSA’s evidence needs. This includes examples from the UK and other global communities. Participants in such research have collected data on topics ranging from food preparation in the home to levels of chemical contaminant in foods. The findings of this report outline that citizen science could allow the FSA to target and facilitate more systematic engagement with UK and global research communities, to help address key research priorities of the FSA.

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Pena, Anita Alves. Do Minimum Wage Laws Affect People Who Are Not Covered? Evidence from Documented and Undocumented, Hourly and Piece Rate Workers in U.S. Agriculture. W.E. Upjohn Institute, April 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.17848/wp13-194.

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Bhattacharjea, Suman, Sehar Saeed, Rajib Timalsina und Syeed Ahamed. Citizen-led Assessments: A Model for Evidence-based Advocacy and Action to Improve Learning. Australian Council for Educational Research, Juni 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37517/978-1-74286-636-9.

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Designed as household-based assessments, citizen-led assessments (CLAs) are implemented by local organizations who assess children in their homes, thus reaching the most marginalized children, families, and communities, often in remote areas. CLAs add an essential piece of information for truly monitoring progress and help realistically represent the learning levels of all children – at national, regional, and global levels. By using simple tools and easy-to-understand reports, CLAs engage parents and community members in discussions about learning and help foster understanding of the importance of ensuring quality education through civil action. In this publication, members from organizations conducting CLAs in India, Pakistan, Nepal and Bangladesh provide an overview of the CLA model and illustrate a range of ways in which the model has been implemented in the four South Asian countries to monitor and improve learning. In all four countries, the initiative is known as the Annual Status of Education Report, or ASER – a word that means ‘impact’ in three of these four countries. By design, ASER assesses foundational reading and numeracy skills.

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Mueller, Robert P., und Dennis D. Dauble. Evidence of Deepwater Spawning of Fall Chinook Salmon (Oncorhynchus Tshawytscha) : Spawning Near Ives and Pierce Island of the Columbia River, 1999. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/782230.

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Yentis, S. M., K. Asanati, C. R. Bailey, R. Hampton, I. Hobson, K. Hodgson, S. Leiffer, S. Pattani und K. Walker-Bone. Better musculoskeletal health for anaesthetists. Association of Anaesthetists, Juni 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21466/g.bmhfa.2021.

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3Association of Anaesthetists | Better musculoskeletal health for anaesthetistsSummaryWork-related musculoskeletal disorders are very common amongst healthcare workers, and there is evidence that anaesthetists are at greater risk of upper limb disorders than other groups. This guidance aims to bring together advice and recommendations from a variety of sources in order to inform and support anaesthetists at work, in an attempt to reduce the prevalence and severity of work-related musculoskeletal disorders and the exacerbation of pre-existing disorders. Mechanical and psychosocial risk factors for work-associated musculoskeletal disorders are summarised, along with general principles for achieving better musculoskeletal health and practices specific to areas of the body most at risk. These include recommended exercises and stretches during sedentary work.RecommendationsAttention must be paid by both employers and anaesthetists to the physical and psychological risk factors that may lead to development and/or exacerbation of musculoskeletal disorders. This requires ongoing risk assessments and adherence to published standards of health and safety at work, including training. Such a programme is best achieved as part of a multidisciplinary approach.What other guidelines are available on this topic? There are many sources of guidance on health and safety in the workplace, across many sectors, much of which is of relevance to anaesthetists. There is no readily accessible guidance specifically aimed at the anaesthetic workplace.Why was this guideline developed?This guidance was developed as part of a wider piece of work by the Association of Anaesthetists based around ergonomics of the anaesthetic workplace, as a result of the increased reported incidence of musculoskeletal disorders amongst anaesthetists. It aims to draw on existing guidance and present a summary of advice relevant to anaesthetists and their practice.How and why does this publication differ from existing guidelines?This guidance summarises other advice and recommendations, and focuses on factors relevant to the anaesthetic workplace

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