Thematische Bibliographien / Phylloplane microorganisms

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Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Phylloplane microorganisms“

Autor: Grafiati

Veröffentlicht am 18. Mai 2024

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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "Phylloplane microorganisms"

Ivashchenko, Kristina V., Maria V. Korneykova, Olesya I. Sazonova, Anna A. Vetrova, Anastasia O. Ermakova, Pavel I. Konstantinov, Yulia L. Sotnikova et al. „Phylloplane Biodiversity and Activity in the City at Different Distances from the Traffic Pollution Source“. Plants 11, Nr. 3 (31.01.2022): 402. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11030402.

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The phylloplane is an integrated part of green infrastructure which interacts with plant health. Taxonomic characterization of the phylloplane with the aim to link it to ecosystem functioning under anthropogenic pressure is not sufficient because only active microorganisms drive biochemical processes. Activity of the phylloplane remains largely overlooked. We aimed to study the interactions among the biological characteristics of the phylloplane: taxonomic diversity, functional diversity and activity, and the pollution grade. Leaves of Betula pendula were sampled in Moscow at increasing distances from the road. For determination of phylloplane activity and functional diversity, a MicroResp tool was utilized. Taxonomic diversity of the phylloplane was assessed with a combination of microorganism cultivation and molecular techniques. Increase of anthropogenic load resulted in higher microbial respiration and lower DNA amount, which could be viewed as relative inefficiency of phylloplane functioning in comparison to less contaminated areas. Taxonomic diversity declined with road vicinity, similar to the functional diversity pattern. The content of Zn in leaf dust better explained the variation in phylloplane activity and the amount of DNA. Functional diversity was linked to variation in nutrient content. The fraction of pathogenic fungi of the phylloplane was not correlated with any of the studied elements, while it was significantly high at the roadsides. The bacterial classes Gammaproteobacteria and Cytophagia, as well as the Dothideomycetes class of fungi, are exposed to the maximal effect of distance from the highway. This study demonstrated the sensitivity of the phylloplane to road vicinity, which combines the effects of contaminants (mainly Zn according to this study) and potential stressful air microclimatic conditions (e.g., low relative air humidity, high temperature, and UV level). Microbial activity and taxonomic diversity of the phylloplane could be considered as an additional tool for bioindication.

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Bakker, G. R., C. M. Frampton, M. V. Jaspers, A. Stewart und M. Walter. „Assessment of phylloplane microorganism populations in Canterbury apple orchards“. New Zealand Plant Protection 55 (01.08.2002): 129–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.30843/nzpp.2002.55.3941.

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Microorganism populations on the leaf surface can be an indicator of environmental health in orchards A method was developed to detect changes in these populations in apple orchards Firstly the variation within orchards was investigated by sampling leaves from seven locations within four trees in spring and autumn The population density and species richness of microorganisms when grown on PDA showed tree and season effects (P

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Lunggani, Arina Tri, Wahyu Aji Mahardhika, Adi Budi Utomo und Endang Kusdiyantini. „Molecular Characterization Of Phylloplane Mold From Avicennia marina Leaves“. Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi 24, Nr. 1 (16.06.2022): 61–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/bioma.24.1.61-65.

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Mangroves are a habitat for organisms and microorganisms, including phylloplane molds. Phylloplane molds are known to have various potentials such as antimicrobial, enzyme, and pigment-producing. PFM19 is an orange pigment-producing phylloplane mold. Identification of the mold is needed to determine the species of the fungus so that it can be used for further research. This study aims to identify molecularly the PFM19 mold that produces orange pigment using ITS markers. The methods used in this study included the rejuvenation of isolates, DNA extraction, DNA amplification, and phylogenetic analysis. The results obtained that PFM19 has similarities with Talaromyces islandicus CBS 388.48 by 100% based on ITS markers.

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Dubey, Garima, Bharati Kollah, Usha Ahirwar, Asit Mandal, Jyoti Kumar Thakur, Ashok Kumar Patra und Santosh Ranjan Mohanty. „Phylloplane bacteria of Jatropha curcas: diversity, metabolic characteristics, and growth-promoting attributes towards vigor of maize seedling“. Canadian Journal of Microbiology 63, Nr. 10 (Oktober 2017): 822–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjm-2017-0189.

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The complex role of phylloplane microorganisms is less understood than that of rhizospheric microorganisms in lieu of their pivotal role in plant’s sustainability. This experiment aims to study the diversity of the culturable phylloplane bacteria of Jatropha curcas and evaluate their growth-promoting activities towards maize seedling vigor. Heterotrophic bacteria were isolated from the phylloplane of J. curcas and their 16S rRNA genes were sequenced. Sequences of the 16S rRNA gene were very similar to those of species belonging to the classes Bacillales (50%), Gammaproteobacteria (21.8%), Betaproteobacteria (15.6%), and Alphaproteobacteria (12.5%). The phylloplane bacteria preferred to utilize alcohol rather than monosaccharides and polysaccharides as a carbon source. Isolates exhibited ACC (1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid) deaminase, phosphatase, potassium solubilization, and indole acetic acid (IAA) production activities. The phosphate-solubilizing capacity (mg of PO4 solubilized by 108 cells) varied from 0.04 to 0.21. The IAA production potential (μg IAA produced by 108 cells in 48 h) of the isolates varied from 0.41 to 9.29. Inoculation of the isolates to maize seed significantly increased shoot and root lengths of maize seedlings. A linear regression model of the plant-growth-promoting activities significantly correlated (p < 0.01) with the growth parameters. Similarly, a correspondence analysis categorized ACC deaminase and IAA production as the major factors contributing 41% and 13.8% variation, respectively, to the growth of maize seedlings.

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Waipara, N. W., F. O. Obanor und M. Walter. „Impact of phylloplane management on microbial populations“. New Zealand Plant Protection 55 (01.08.2002): 125–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.30843/nzpp.2002.55.3940.

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The impact of apple orchard management on leaf microbial populations was investigated during the 2001/2002 growing season Apple leaves were collected in spring and autumn from two certified organic (BioGro) and IFP (Integrated Fruit Production) managed apple orchards at each of three New Zealand sites (Hawkes Bay Nelson and Canterbury) Phylloplane epiphytes were recovered by leaf washing using a stomacher blender and the microorganisms enumerated using serial plate dilutions The microorganisms were separated into recognisable taxonomic units (RTUs) based on colony morphology Analysis of both spring and autumn samples showed that leaves from all three sites from organic orchards harboured significantly more colony forming units than were found on leaves from IFP orchards Overall population richness (based on RTUs/ leaf sample) was also significantly higher in organic than IFP orchards

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Stevens, Vincent, Sofie Thijs, Eva Bongaerts, Tim Nawrot, Wouter Marchal, Jonathan Van Hamme und Jaco Vangronsveld. „Ambient Air Pollution Shapes Bacterial and Fungal Ivy Leaf Communities“. Microorganisms 9, Nr. 10 (03.10.2021): 2088. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9102088.

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Ambient air pollution exerts deleterious effects on our environment. Continuously exposed to the atmosphere, diverse communities of microorganisms thrive on leaf surfaces, the phylloplane. The composition of these communities is dynamic, responding to many environmental factors including ambient air pollution. In this field study, over a 2 year period, we sampled Hedera helix (ivy) leaves at six locations exposed to different ambient air pollution conditions. Daily, we monitored ambient black carbon (BC), PM2.5, PM10, nitrogen dioxide, and ozone concentrations and found that ambient air pollution led to a 2–7-fold BC increase on leaves, the phylloplane BC load. Our results further indicated that the phylloplane BC load correlates with the diversity of bacterial and fungal leaf communities, impacting diversity more than seasonal effects. The bacterial genera Novosphingobium, Hymenobacter, and Methylorubrum, and the fungal genus Ampelomyces were indicators for communities exposed to the highest phylloplane BC load. Parallel to this, we present one fungal and two bacterial phylloplane strains isolated from an air-polluted environment able to degrade benzene, toluene, and/or xylene, including a genomics-based description of the degradation pathways involved. The findings of this study suggest that ambient air pollution shapes microbial leaf communities, by affecting diversity and supporting members able to degrade airborne pollutants.

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Shara, Melya, Mohammad Basyuni und Hasanuddin. „Potential of Phylloplane Fungi from Mangrove Plant (Rhizophora apiculata Blume) as Biological Control Agents against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense in Banana Plant (Musa acuminata L.)“. Forests 14, Nr. 2 (17.01.2023): 167. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f14020167.

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Phylloplane fungi is a non-pathogenic fungi on the leaf surface that can be used to control plant diseases caused by pathogens. One of the most damaging banana plant diseases is fusarium wilt, caused by the pathogenic fungi Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. Cubense (Foc). Mangrove plant Rhizophora apiculate is widely distributed and is a high-diversity area where microorganisms that produce anti-microbial compounds flourish. This plant can be used as a biological agent. This study aims to determine the various phylloplane fungi available from mangrove plant R. apiculata leaves and their potential use against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc) in banana plants (Musa acuminata L.). All 20 phylloplane fungi were identified through DNA sequencing with identities of 83.88–100%; of those 20, 3 were found that have antagonistic potential against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc): Lasiodiplodia theobromae (67.43%), Trichoderma harzianum (66.65), and Nigrospora sphaerica (65.33%). In the in vivo tests, the best inhibition of disease incidence was shown by treatment with Lasiodiplodia theobromae (11.11%). The present study confirmed that phylloplane fungi isolated from R. apiculata can inhibit fusarium wilt disease in banana plant.

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Sahoo, Biswajit, und Tushar Kanti Dangar. „Interaction of some fungal entomopathogens of rice pests with phyllophytic microorganisms of four rice genotypes cultivated in coastal Odisha, India“. Ecoprint: An International Journal of Ecology 22 (22.09.2016): 75–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/eco.v22i0.15473.

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Interactions of six entomopathogenic fungi viz. Cordyceps (2 strains), Beauveria (1 strain) and Metarhizium (3 strains) spp. of rice leaf folder (LF, Cnaphalocrocismedinalis) with thephyllophytic (phyllospheric and phylloplanic) bacteria (n=35) and fungi (n=4) isolated at pre-flowering stages of fourcultivated rice (Oryzasativa L.) var. Lalat, Swarna, Swarna-Sub1 and Naveenwere assessed to reveal possibility of intergroup inhibition in the field. Dynamics of the phyllophytic microbes revealed that the phyllospheric bacterial population (3.59 to 4.10 log CFU/cm2) was more than those of the phylloplane (1.56 to 1.75 log CFU/cm2) of different plants. The phyllophytes of the four rice genotypes decreased in the order of Swarna-Sub1 > Swarna > Lalat > Naveen. The fungal pathogens of LF viz. C. brongniartii (TF6 and TF6-1A), B.bassiana (TF6-1B) and M. anisopliae (TF19, TF19- 3A and TF19-3B) were not inhibited by any of the phyllophytic organisms which proved that they can be applied on the canopy of the rice plants to control the pests.ECOPRINT 22: 75-84, 2015

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van Toor, R. F., J. M. Pay, M. V. Jaspers und A. Stewart. „Evaluation of phylloplane microorganisms for biological control of camellia flower blight“. Australasian Plant Pathology 34, Nr. 4 (2005): 525. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ap05063.

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Stirling, A. M., G. R. Stirling, K. G. Pegg und A. C. Hayward. „Effect of copper fungicide on Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and other microorganisms on avocado leaves and fruit“. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 50, Nr. 8 (1999): 1459. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar98110.

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An investigation into the effect of copper fungicide on non-target microorganisms on avocado (cvv. Hass and Nabal) showed that populations of filamentous fungi, yeasts, and bacteria on leaves were at least 10-fold less after a single application of copper than on unsprayed leaves. This detrimental effect of copper on microorganisms on the phylloplane was confirmed in random samples collected from 5 commercial avocado orchards with regular pesticide spray programs but where isolated unsprayed trees were also available. An intensive 16-month study was carried out on 2 adjacent orchards, 1 that was sprayed with copper fungicide at monthly intervals from October to April each year, and the other that had not been sprayed for at least 6 years. Populations of filamentous fungi, yeasts, and bacteria on leaves and fruit were 10–100-fold lower in the sprayed orchard than in the unsprayed orchard. However, populations in the sprayed orchard recovered during the winter non-spray periods to levels comparable to the unsprayed orchard. In 1993 and 1994, fruit were harvested from both orchards, ripened, and assessed for anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. In both years, there was significantly less disease in unsprayed fruit (mean disease rating 1.13 and 0.32, respectively) than in sprayed fruit (mean disease rating 1.83 and 2.18, respectively). These results show that copper fungicide is detrimental to phylloplane microorganisms and suggest that those organisms are providing some natural suppression of C. gloeosporioides on avocado.

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Mehr Quellen

Bücher zum Thema "Phylloplane microorganisms"

E, Windels Carol, Lindow Steven E und American Phytopathological Society Meeting, Hrsg. Biological control on the phylloplane. St. Paul, Minn: American Phytopathological Society, 1985.

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Buchteile zum Thema "Phylloplane microorganisms"

Borkar, S. G. „Isolation and Enumeration of Microorganisms Associated with Bacterial Plant Pathogen from Soil, Rhizosphere, and Phylloplane“. In Laboratory Techniques in Plant Bacteriology, 49–53. Boca Raton : Taylor & Francis, 2017.: CRC Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315206882-10.

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Bailey, M. J., und I. P. Thompson. „Detection systems for phylloplane pseudomonads“. In Genetic Interactions Among Microorganisms in the Natural Environment, 127–41. Elsevier, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-08-042000-4.50014-0.

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Bettiol, Wagner, Flávio Henrique Vasconcelos de Medeiros, Josiane Barros Chiaramonte und Rodrigo Mendes. „Advances in screening approaches for the development of microbial bioprotectants to control plant diseases“. In Microbial bioprotectants for plant disease management, 33–86. Burleigh Dodds Science Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19103/as.2021.0093.02.

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The success of a biological control programme depends on the isolation and selection of antagonists. There is an enormous diversity of culturable microbial species in the soil, rhizosphere, phylloplane, spermosphere and carposphere, which can be used in the isolation and selection of antagonists. The structures of fungal plant pathogens concerned with survival and infection may also be sources of antagonists. Although non-culturable microorganisms and microbiome-based strategies have great potential for development as commercial products in disease control, more knowledge is needed to understand the mechanisms involved in interactions between plants and complex microbial communities. Methods of isolation and selection of the most commercially exploited groups of antagonists and their advantages and disadvantages are discussed in this chapter as well as those of non-traditional antagonists. Finally, possible strategies for engineering the soil and host microbiome to actively promote plant protection against pathogens are discussed.

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