Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Phycological health“

The Novel corona virus is the pandemic disease which transmit from animal to man. It firstly found in Wuhan in china. Thevirus is also named as SARS-cov2. It affects the respiratory system of the man and it transmitted through the inhalation droplets of infected person or contact with infected person without proper safety. The period of incubation is from 2 to 14 days. The symptoms found in mild, moderate, severe. high grade fever, sorethroat,dry cough, fatigue, breathlessness and diarrhoea. In adverse it leads to the ARDS and death. Some cases found mild symptoms and asymptomatic but these are the carriers. Comorbid patient has high risk of the infection and need the ICU management. cases are diagnosed with the throat swab, Chest X ray, CT of chest and blood investigation, prothrombin time, total leucocyte count, ESR count. The patient is diagnosed with the RT-PCRmethod. treatment measure includes antiviral therapy like chloroquine, Lopinavir/Ritonavir, immune modulators some Ayurvedic management, isolation, with social and phycological support. Proper sanitation, hand hygiene, mask can prevent from infection. The Virus spread throughout the world very rapidly, this virus badly disturbed the world and death of the people as well as the health workers. The care and active management are necessary for cease the transmission.

This article examines the Internet resources as the factors of students’ addictions. A wide implication of informatively-communication technologies in reality at present in various areas of different countries and age categories was given the specific attention.It is indicated that scientific association is interested in studying this topic. The research in the groups of medical workers and students is considered important due to their frequent uses of the Internet resources to satisfy professional requirements in actual information, which is updating all the time. The author pays attention to social networks impact and to both physical and phycological users’ health. In particular, it is stated that the sources of information can lead to anxiety increase, attention decrease, memory disorders and depression.Objective: to analyze popular online resources among medical students and their influence on the Internet addiction formation.Methods: in order to solve the task the complex of theoretical methods of research was used: studying and analyzing literature on phycology regarding the topic of the article, generalization and systematization of materials, which gave an opportunity to describe the basic aspects that are used in the Internet research on addiction.Results: the popular Internet resources and their uses as factors of the Internet addiction were analyzed. It is indicated that a single use of the Internet aiming at medical field can not result in the Internet addiction itself providing it is properly organized in use. It was discovered that the Internet addiction has a negative impact on students’ performance and their professionalism as future doctors.Conclusions: in order to reduce the impact of the Internet on its users including medical students, the complex work of students, tutors and supervisors is necessary. The main task is to reduce time spent online with educational purpose, which enable to preserve future doctors’ health and prevent from reduction of medical care quality,Key words: medical information, education, phycological disease, anxiety, attention, memory, depression, the Internet resources, the Internet addiction, students У статті розглядаються інтернет-ресурси як чинники інтернет-залежності студентів. Особлива увага приділяється широкому використанню інформаційно-комунікаційних технологій у реаліях сьогодення в усіх галузях життєдіяльності населення різних країн світу та вікових категорій.Указано на зацікавленість наукової спільноти у вивченні окресленої теми. Важливим є дослідження в групах медичних працівників та студентів, що зумовлено їх частим звертанням до інтернет-джерел для задоволення професійних потреб в актуальній інформації, яка швидко оновлюється. Автор звер-тає увагу на вплив інтернет-мереж на фізичне та психічне здоров’я користувачів. Так, зазначається, що інформаційні джерела можуть призводити до підвищення тривожності, зниження уваги, розладу пам’яті, депресії.Метою статті є здійснення аналізу популярних серед студентів-медиків інтернет-ресурсів та їх впливу на формування інтернет-адикції в представників цих академічних груп.Методи. Для вирішення поставлених завдань використано комплекс теоретичних методів дослідження: вивчення і аналіз психологічної літератури з теми статті, узагальнення і систематизацію мате-ріалів, що дало можливість охарактеризувати основні аспекти, за якими ведуться наукові дослідження явищ інтернет-залежності. Результати. Проаналізовано популярні інтернет-ресурси та їх використання як чинників формування інтернет-залежності в студентів. зазначено, що поодиноке використання інтернет-ресурсів, спрямованих на медичну галузь, не може призвести до інтернет-залежності (за умови правильної організації та використання). З’ясовано, що інтернет-залежність негативно впливає на успішність студентів та професійність майбутніх лікарів.Висновки. Для зменшення наслідків впливу Інтернету на його користувачів, зокрема студентів-медиків, необхідною є комплексна організаційна робота самих студентів, викладачів та кураторів курсів. Основним завданням є скорочення часу перебування здобувачів освіти в інтернет-просторі для розв’язку навчальних завдань, що дасть змогу зберегти психічне здоров’я майбутніх лікарів та запобігти зниженню якості надання медичних послуг.Ключові слова: медична інформація, навчання, психічне захворювання, тривожність, увага, пам’ять, депресія, інтернет-ресурс, інтернет-залежність, студент.

Introduction Improved hygiene and sanitation practices in educational settings are effective for the prevention of infections, controlling the transmission of pathogens, and promoting good health. Bangladesh has made remarkable advances in improving higher education in recent decades. Over a hundred universities were established to expand higher education facilities across the country. Hundreds of thousands of graduate students spend time in university settings during their studies. However, little is known about the sanitation and hygiene practice of the university-going population. This study aims to understand and uncover which factors influence students’ sanitation and hygiene behavior in university settings. Methods This study was conducted in a public university named Shahjalal University of Science and Technology located in a divisional city of Bangladesh. Based on the Integrated Behavioral Model for Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene (IBM-WASH), we adopted an exploratory qualitative study design. We developed semi-structured interview guides entailing sanitation and hygiene behavior, access, and practice-related questions and tested their efficacy and clarity before use. We conducted seventeen in-depth interviews (IDIs), and four focus group discussions (FGDs, [6–8 participants per FGD]) with students, and seven key informant interviews (KIIs) with university staff. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the data. Triangulation of methods and participants was performed to achieve data validity. Results Despite having reasonable awareness and knowledge, the sanitation and hygiene practices of the students were remarkably low. A broad array of interconnected factors influenced sanitation and hygiene behavior, as well as each other. Individual factors (gender, awareness, perception, and sense of health benefits), contextual factors (lack of cleanliness and maintenance, and the supply of sanitary products), socio-behavioural factors (norms, peer influence), and factors related to university infrastructure (shortage of female toilets, lack of monitoring and supervision of cleaning activities) emerged as the underpinning factors that determined the sanitation and hygiene behavior of the university going-population. Conclusion The results of this study suggest that despite the rapid expansion of on-campus university education, hygiene practices in public universities are remarkably poor due to a variety of dynamic and interconnected factors situated in different (individual, contextual, socio-phycological) levels. Therefore, multi-level interventions including regular supply of WASH-related materials and agents, promoting low-cost WASH interventions, improving quality cleaning services, close monitoring of cleaning activities, promoting good hygiene behavior at the individual level, and introducing gender-sensitive WASH infrastructure and construction may be beneficial to advance improved sanitation and hygiene practices among university students.

Background:Over last few decades, obesity has become a serious point of concern. The prevalence rate is continuously rising both in the developed and developing countries. Obesity not only has phycological effect on the individuals but is also associated with an increased risk of developing range of metabolic, cardiovascular, and liver disorders. Objective:The objective of the study was to evaluate the prevalence of obesity in children and the type of diseases associated with it. Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted in Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia between July to September, 2020. The target audience was the parents of children who were overweight.The questionnaire was designed to primarily gather information related to socio-demographic characteristics and correlation of obesity with the diseases. The questionnaire comprised of total number of 14 questions. The responses were recorded and evaluated through the application of scientific algorithms. Results and Discussions:It was established, that out of the total sample size of 346, around 38% of children were obese and were suffering rom associated comorbid diseases, ranging from anxiety, depression, eating disorder, social isolation, lower education attainment, asthma, constipation, flat feet, backpain, Type 1 and 2 diabetes and precocious puberty. Conclusion:The study presented a worrisome situation of escalating trends of obesity prevalence in children, along with the associated non- communicable diseases. There is need to introduce awareness campaigns along with the measures to promote people to adopt the healthy lifestyles.

Introduction: Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is a potentially curative or consolidative therapy for a large number of hematological diseases. Sexual dysfunction (SD) and abnormal level of the sexual hormone are common in patients after HSCT, which are usually caused by intensive myeloablative conditioning. The change of sexual hormone level and SD resulted in the poor quality of life in this population after transplantation. The current aims of this study were to determine: (i) the incidence rate of SD and the association with androgen post both autologous (auto) and allogeneic (allo) HSCT; (ii) multi-factors analysis between SD and clinical characteristics, primary diease, donor type, cGVHD, etc; (iii) the association of androgen with cGVHD and glucocorticoid (GC) therapy. Methods: From April 2010 to February 2019, a total of 126 (74 males and 52 females) patients with hematological diseases undergoing HSCT were enrolled in our study. The reason for the small sample of patients was that only 126 patients completed our Sexual Function Questionnaire. Controls were 108 healthy, age and gender matched persons came from Medical Examiniation Center of our hospital. Assessment indexes included clinical characteristics, donor type, GVHD incidence, sex hormone levels, and Sexual Functioning Questionnaire (SFQ). The SFQ was implemented by the team members of our research group through a telephone interview, email, paper letter, and WeChat. All of the information and privacy of each patient was strictly conserved. Results: 1. Clinical characteristics of the 126 patients who underwent HSCT were shown in Table 1. The median age of the patients was 38 years old (range 16-66) and the follow up after HSCT was from 6 months to 7 years. The predominant disease spectra were multiple myeloma (MM) and acute leukemia in auto- and allo-HSCT group, respectively. Our results showed a significant difference in gender (P<0.004), donor type (P<0.004), and GVHD development (P<0.0001), indicating a higher incidence of SD when we included these indicators into our analysis. There was no singficant difference of SD development in age, education background, annual family income, primary disease, time post HSCT, and phycological state. 2. Figure 1 showed a higher incidence of SD in both female and male patients after HSCT compared to the healthy controls (P<0.001). Most of them complained that they had trouble in normal sex life and sexual function had not yet recovered to the pre-transplantation level. Moreover, female patients exhibited much significantly decline in overall sexual function (OSD) than the male group (P<0.004). As depicted in the figure 2a and 2b, 54% female and 44% of male developed at least one physical sexual problem. Almost all of the female patients of childbearing age were infertility, and only a small number of young (< 30 years) male patients post transplantation could store fertility (data not shown). 3. From the foregoing data analysis, we confirmed that patients after allo-HSCT with or without GVHD usually acompanied with a higher incidence of SD compared to auto-HSCT group (Table 2). Female patients undergoing allo-HSCT who developed SD had a significantly lower level of androgen (P = 0.02, Table 3a), and that of the male patients was lower compared to healthy control with no significance (Table 3b). Female patients diagnosed with cGVHD had much lower adrongen level, especially in those received GC therapy (Table 4). 4. Although some young female patients had been given regular leuprolide injection every 28 days during their chemotherapy period or pre-transplantation, no significant difference was observed both in SD incidence and androgen level (P > 0.05, due to a small sample, data not shown here). Conclusions: Our results here indicated SD remained a major obstacle for patients to have a better quality of life after HSCT. We should pay more attention to the female patients because they might be at a higher risk to develop SD, especially in those underwent cGVHD and received GC therapy. To improve the sexual function for this population, more intervention methods including optimization of conditioning, better controlling of cGVHD, and reproductive function reservation might be helpful to reduce the incidence of SD. Finally, our study suggested that low androgen levels may contribute to SD and androgen replacement therapy might be a promising choice to improve OSD for patients undergoing HSCT. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

BACKGROUND: Recently, the frequent occurrence of air pollution greatly affects people’s health. OBJECTIVE: It aims to explore the spatial non-stationarity of PM2.5. METHODS: Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR) model is applied to fit spatial structure to linear regression model. The basic principles of GWR model are introduced. Bandwidth of weight function is optimized. Then, health risk of residents in northeast China is appraised according to PM2.5 distribution characteristics. A model for phycological health risk appraisal is established. RESULTS: From the linear analysis between the fitting results by designed GWR model and ground observation, the determination coefficient is 0.7, Relative Accuracy (RA) is 0.62, Mean Prediction Error (MPE) is 25.3, and Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE) is 26.2. The model prediction results are superior to those of ordinary multivariate regression model. Moreover, the risk of respiratory and cardiovascular diseases in the elderly is positively correlated with PM2.5 exposure. The illness of the elderly is related to weather factors such as average temperature, air pressure, and relative humidity. CONCLUSIONS: The study provides a reference for the research on risk of illness of people in PM2.5 environment.

Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) can occur at any age but is most commonly diagnosed between infancy and late 30s. The SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth study estimated that in 2009 about 18,436 US. Youth were newly diagnosed with T1D. Approximately 70% of these youths were non-Hispanic Whites, 17% were Hispanics, and 11% were non-Hispanic Blacks [1]. T1D is associated with an increased risk for several health problems including cardiovascular diseases [2-4], epilepsy [5], retinopathy [6], and thyroid autoimmunity [7,8]. Studies in Norway found that despite improved diabetes care, mortality remains three to four times higher among those with childhood-onset diabetes compared with the general population [9]. When looking at case management as a whole in regard to diabetes, many problems can be seen with the current management plans and limitations can be seen in the methods used to educate diabetics on their condition. When looking at future paths to take to improve diabetes case management a few can be proposed including evidence-based case management, case management methods that address low health literacy and numeracy and using various phycological behavior theories to see how this adolescent population can be best addressed.

This review aims to summarise the outcomes of some recent European research concerning toxic cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins, with an emphasis on developments within the framework of the CYANOCOST Action (COST Action ES1105, Cyanobacterial Blooms and Toxins in Water Resources: Occurrence, Impacts and Management). State of the art research and management capabilities in Europe on cyanobacteria have benefitted from input from the pure and applied life sciences, the human and animal health sectors, water engineers, economists and planners. Many of these professional groups have been brought together and they interacted favourably within the framework of CYANOCOST.Highlights of the Action include phycological and ecological studies, development of advanced techniques for cyanotoxin analysis, elucidation of cyanotoxin modes of action, management techniques to reduce cyanobacterial mass development, and research on methods and practices for cyanotoxin removal during drinking water treatment. The CYANOCOST Action has had an active outreach policy throughout its lifetime, resulting in e.g. three handbooks, two special issues in scientific journals and activities in the social media. The many contact channels to end-users, including environmental and drinking water supply authorities, health professionals and the general public are described in this review.Furthermore, the authors have identified a number of gaps in knowledge. Proposed directions for future research in the field of toxic cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins are also discussed.

Idag finns det begränsad kunskap om studenters välmående under en pandemi. Covid-19 har påverkat dagens skolundervisning på så sätt att Folkhälsomyndighetens rekommendationer uppmanat att universitet och högskolor skall övergå till distansstudier. Syftet med studien var att undersöka hur universitets/högskolestudenter vidmakthållit sin hälsa efter att ha börjat studera hemifrån på grund av covid-19. En kvalitativ metod tillämpades där sex svenska universitets/högskolestudenter intervjuades individuellt med hjälp av en intervjuguide. En kvalitativ manifest innehållsanalys av data resulterade i en huvudkategori: “Vägar till välmående under hemmastudier” samt tre underkategorier: (1) Socialt stöd genom digitala medel, (2) Aktiviteter för kropp och själ och (3) Rutiner skapar en strukturerad vardag. Resultatet visar att deltagarna använt sig av olika vägar för att främja sitt välmående under hemmastudier. Detta genom att hålla kontakten via digitala medel, fysisk aktivitet vilket även gör gott för den psykiska hälsan och att rutiner leder till struktur i ens vardag. Slutsatsen indikerar på att deltagarnas upplevelser, erfarenheteter, hanterbarhet och meningsfullhet har gjort att de klarat av att upprätthålla välmående under covid-19. Detta bidrar med ökad kunskap till hälsovägledare och andra professioner som arbetar hälsopromotivt för att främja och vidmakthålla individers hälsa.
Today there is limited research on students well-being during a pandemic. Covid-19 has affected schools in which the Public Health Agency has given recommendations for universities to transfer to distance learning. The aim of this study was to examine how university-students maintain their health after they have started to study from home due to covid-19. The study was conducted using a qualitative method where six Swedish university-students was interviewed using an interview guide. Analysis of the data meant that the results produced a main category “Roads to well-being during distance learning” and three subcategories: (1) Social support through digital means, (2) Activities for mind and body, and (3) Routines makes for everyday structure. Results showed that participants used different paths to promote their well-being by keeping contact through digital means, physical activity which also benefits mental health and routines makes for a structured everyday life. Conclusion indicates that the participants experiences and manageability have served them to maintain well-being during covid-19. This will provide added knowledge to health counselors and other professions who work towards promoting and maintain individual health.