Thematische Bibliographien / Photovoltaic nanostructures

Inhaltsverzeichnis

  1. Zeitschriftenartikel
  2. Dissertationen
  3. Bücher
  4. Buchteile
  5. Konferenzberichte
  6. Berichte der Organisationen

Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Photovoltaic nanostructures“

Autor: Grafiati
Veröffentlicht am 28. Juni 2021
Zuletzt aktualisiert am 1. Februar 2022

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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "Photovoltaic nanostructures"

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Xiu, Fei, Hao Lin, Ming Fang, Guofa Dong, Senpo Yip und Johnny C. Ho. „Fabrication and enhanced light-trapping properties of three-dimensional silicon nanostructures for photovoltaic applications“. Pure and Applied Chemistry 86, Nr. 5 (19.05.2014): 557–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pac-2013-1119.

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AbstractIn order to make photovoltaics an economically viable energy solution, next-generation solar cells with higher energy conversion efficiencies and lower costs are urgently desired. Among many possible solutions, three-dimensional (3D) silicon nanostructures with excellent light-trapping properties are one of the promising candidates and have recently attracted considerable attention for cost-effective photovoltaic applications. This is because their enhanced light-trapping characteristics and high carrier collection efficiencies can enable the use of cheaper and thinner silicon materials. In this review, recent developments in the controllable fabrication of 3D silicon nanostructures are summarized, followed by the investigation of optical properties on a number of different nanostructures, including nanowires, nanopillars, nanocones, nanopencils, and nanopyramids, etc. Even though nanostructures with radial p-n junction demonstrate excellent photon management properties and enhanced photo-carrier collection efficiencies, the photovoltaic performance of nanostructure-based solar cells is still significantly limited due to the high surface recombination effect, which is induced by high-density surface defects as well as the large surface area in high-aspect-ratio nanostructures. In this regard, various approaches in reducing the surface recombination are discussed and an overall geometrical consideration of both light-trapping and recombination effects to yield the best photovoltaic properties are emphasized.
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Liu, Sheng Jun. „The Plasmonic Nanostructures Applied in the Photovoltaic Cell“. Advanced Materials Research 893 (Februar 2014): 186–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.893.186.

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Plasmonic, including of located surface Plasmon resonance (LSPR) and surface plasmon polariton (SPP), is a special kind of electromagnetic mode in nanometer scale. Plasmonic nanostructures can be generated to improving the conversion efficiency of photovoltaic devices. In the paper, the concepts of plasmonic and their influences by different metal nanostructure were introduced. Then the different principles of light utilization of plasmonic nanostructure in thin film photovoltaic cell was analyzed.
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Dinh Lam, Nguyen, Youngjo Kim, Kangho Kim und Jaejin Lee. „Influences of InGaP Conical Frustum Nanostructures on the Characteristics of GaAs Solar Cells“. Journal of Nanomaterials 2013 (2013): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/785359.

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Conical frustums with quasihexagonal nanostructures are fabricated on an InGaP window layer of single junction GaAs solar cells using a polystyrene nanosphere lithography technique followed by anisotropic etching processes. The optical and photovoltaic characteristics of the conical frustum nanostructured solar cells are investigated. Reflectance of the conical frustum nanostructured solar cells is significantly reduced in a wide range of wavelengths compared to that of the planar sample. The measured reflectance reduction is attributed to the gradual change in the refractive index of the InGaP conical frustum window layer. An increase of 15.2% in the power conversion efficiency has been achieved in the fabricated cell with an optimized conical frustum nanostructure compared to that of the planar cell.
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Caruana, Liam, Thomas Nommensen, Toan Dinh, Dennis Tran und Robert McCormick. „Photovoltaic Cell: Optimum Photon Utilisation“. PAM Review Energy Science & Technology 3 (07.06.2016): 64–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.5130/pamr.v3i0.1409.

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In the 21st century, global energy consumption has increased exponentially and hence, sustainable energy sources are essential to accommodate for this. Advancements within photovoltaics, in regards to light trapping, has demonstrated to be a promising field of dramatically improving the efficiency of solar cells. This improvement is done by using different nanostructures, which enables solar cells to use the light spectrum emitted more efficiently. The purpose of this meta study is to investigate irreversible entropic losses related to light trapping. In this respect, the observation is aimed at how nanostructures on a silicon substrate captures high energy incident photons. Furthermore, different types of nanostructures are then investigated and compared, using the étendue ratio during light trapping. It is predicted that étendue mismatching is a parasitic entropy generation variable, and that the matching has an effect on the open circuit voltage of the solar cell. Although solar cells do have their limiting efficiencies, according to the Shockley-Queisser theory and Yablonovitch limit, with careful engineering and manufacturing practices, these irreversible entropic losses could be minimized. Further research in energy losses, due to entropy generation, may guide nanostructures and photonics in exceeding past these limits.Keywords: Photovoltaic cell; Shockley-Queisser; Solar cell nanostructures; Solar cell intrinsic and extrinsic losses; entropy; étendue; light trapping; Shockley Queisser; Geometry; Meta-study
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Aseev, Aleksander Leonidovich, Alexander Vasilevich Latyshev und Anatoliy Vasilevich Dvurechenskii. „Semiconductor Nanostructures for Modern Electronics“. Solid State Phenomena 310 (September 2020): 65–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.310.65.

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Modern electronics is based on semiconductor nanostructures in practically all main parts: from microprocessor circuits and memory elements to high frequency and light-emitting devices, sensors and photovoltaic cells. Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor (MOSFET) with ultimately low gate length in the order of tens of nanometers and less is nowadays one of the basic elements of microprocessors and modern electron memory chips. Principally new physical peculiarities of semiconductor nanostructures are related to quantum effects like tunneling of charge carriers, controlled changing of energy band structure, quantization of energy spectrum of a charge carrier and a pronounced spin-related phenomena. Superposition of quantum states and formation of entangled states of photons offers new opportunities for the realization of quantum bits, development of nanoscale systems for quantum cryptography and quantum computing. Advanced growth techniques such as molecular beam epitaxy and chemical vapour epitaxy, atomic layer deposition as well as optical, electron and probe nanolithography for nanostructure fabrication have been widely used. Nanostructure characterization is performed using nanometer resolution tools including high-resolution, reflection and scanning electron microscopy as well as scanning tunneling and atomic force microscopy. Quantum properties of semiconductor nanostructures have been evaluated from precise electrical and optical measurements. Modern concepts of various semiconductor devices in electronics and photonics including single-photon emitters, memory elements, photodetectors and highly sensitive biosensors are developed very intensively. The perspectives of nanostructured materials for the creation of a new generation of universal memory and neuromorphic computing elements are under lively discussion. This paper is devoted to a brief description of current achievements in the investigation and modeling of single-electron and single-photon phenomena in semiconductor nanostructures, as well as in the fabrication of a new generation of elements for micro-, nano, optoelectronics and quantum devices.
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Gonfa, Belete A., A. F. da Cunha und Ana B. Timmons. „ZnO nanostructures for photovoltaic cells“. physica status solidi (b) 247, Nr. 7 (23.04.2010): 1633–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pssb.200983684.

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Gupta, N., G. F. Alapatt, R. Podila, R. Singh und K. F. Poole. „Prospects of Nanostructure-Based Solar Cells for Manufacturing Future Generations of Photovoltaic Modules“. International Journal of Photoenergy 2009 (2009): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2009/154059.

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We present a comprehensive review on prospects for one-, two-, or three-dimensional nanostructure-based solar cells for manufacturing the future generation of photovoltaic (PV) modules. Reducing heat dissipation and utilizing the unabsorbed part of the solar spectrum are the key driving forces for the development of nanostructure-based solar cells. Unrealistic assumptions involved in theoretical work and the tendency of stretching observed experimental results are the primary reasons why quantum phenomena-based nanostructures solar cells are unlikely to play a significant role in the manufacturing of future generations of PV modules. Similar to the invention of phase shift masks (to beat the conventional diffraction limit of optical lithography) clever design concepts need to be invented to take advantage of quantum-based nanostructures. Silicon-based PV manufacturing will continue to provide sustained growth of the PV industry.
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Mauricio Ramírez, Andrés, Linda Cattin, Jean-Christian Bernède, Fernando Raúl Díaz, Manuel Alejandro Gacitúa und María Angélica del Valle. „Nanostructured TiO2 and PEDOT Electrodes with Photovoltaic Application“. Nanomaterials 11, Nr. 1 (04.01.2021): 107. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano11010107.

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In this work, nanostructured TiO2 and poly-3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (PEDOT) layers were electrochemically prepared over transparent electrodes. Morphological characterization evidenced the presence of nanostructures as planed with 50-nm-wide TiO2 rod formations followed by 30-nm-wide PEDOT wires. Different characterizations were made to the deposits, establishing their composition and optic properties of the deposits. Finally, photovoltaic cells were prepared using this modified electrode, proving that the presence of PEDOT nanowires in the cell achieves almost double the efficiency of its bulk analogue.
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Chen, Cheng-Ying, Ming-Wei Chen, Jr-Jian Ke, Chin-An Lin, José R. D. Retamal und Jr-Hau He. „Surface effects on optical and electrical properties of ZnO nanostructures“. Pure and Applied Chemistry 82, Nr. 11 (06.08.2010): 2055–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/pac-con-09-12-05.

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This article presents a comprehensive review of the current research addressing the surface effects on physical properties and potential applications of nanostructured ZnO. Studies illustrating the transport, photoluminescence (PL), and photoconductivity properties of ZnO with ultrahigh surface-to-volume (S/V) ratio are reviewed first. Secondly, we examine recent studies of the applications of nanostructured ZnO employing the surface effect on gas/chemical sensing, relying on a change of conductivity via electron trapping and detrapping process at the surfaces of nanostructures. Finally, we comprehensively review the photovoltaic (PV) application of ZnO nanostructures. The ultrahigh S/V ratios of nanostructured devices suggest that studies on the synthesis and PV properties of various nanostructured ZnO for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) offer great potential for high efficiency and low-cost solar cell solutions. After surveying the current literature on the surface effects on nano-structured ZnO, we conclude this review with personal perspectives on a few surface-related issues that remain to be addressed before nanostructured ZnO devices can reach their ultimate potential as a new class of industrial applications.
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Zhang, Bo, Wenxu Xie und Yong Xiang. „Development and Prospect of Nanoarchitectured Solar Cells“. International Journal of Photoenergy 2015 (2015): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/382389.

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This paper gives an overview of the development and prospect of nanotechnologies utilized in the solar cell applications. Even though it is not clearly pointed out, nanostructures indeed have been used in the fabrication of conventional solar cells for a long time. However, in those circumstances, only very limited benefits of nanostructures have been used to improve cell performance. During the last decade, the development of the photovoltaic device theory and nanofabrication technology enables studies of more complex nanostructured solar cells with higher conversion efficiency and lower production cost. The fundamental principles and important features of these advanced solar cell designs are systematically reviewed and summarized in this paper, with a focus on the function and role of nanostructures and the key factors affecting device performance. Among various nanostructures, special attention is given to those relying on quantum effect.
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Dissertationen zum Thema "Photovoltaic nanostructures"

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Lin, Keng-Chu. „NOVEL TITANIA NANOSTRUCTURES FOR PHOTOVOLTAIC APPLICATIONS“. Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1372856925.

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Mohseni, Kiasari Nima. „ZnO nanostructures for sensing and photovoltaic devices“. Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/46367.

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In this PhD thesis, vertical arrays of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanowires (NWs) are synthesized in a CVD system and then deposited on patterned electrodes using dielectrophoresis (DEP). The nanowire devices illustrate 4 orders of magnitude increase in conductivity when exposed to ultra violet (UV) irradiation of 1220 μW/cm². The UV response has a fast component, due to electron-hole generation, as well as a slower component, attributed to the release of oxygen. Moreover, due to the increased electron density in the presence of UV, the type of oxygen species on the surface of ZnO changes to more reactive negative ions. In addition, when the pressure is decreased to 0.05 mBar, the conductivity of the NWs increases ∼ 2 and 3.5 times for NWs with 300-nm and 100-nm diameter, respectively. For the first time, UV irradiation is used to improve the carbon monoxide (CO) sensing properties of ZnO. When exposed to 250 μW/cm² UV irradiation, not only the sensitivity increases more than 75%, but also a repeatable and recoverable response is obtained, which is due to formation of more reactive oxygen ions. For the same reason, when the temperature is elevated, higher sensitivity to CO is achieved. The devices demonstrate exponential sensitivities of more than 5 decades to 60% increase in relative humidity (RH) at room temperature, which is a record for ZnO NW based RH sensors. A novel, low-cost and simple technique is developed for fabrication of sensors based on solution processed ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) by simply sketching the electrode lines and painting the NP ink. Sensors show 2000 times increase in conductivity when exposed to 1220 μW/cm² UV irradiation and more than 200% increase in current when exposed to 5-mins of CO pulse at room temperature. Furthermore, this thesis presents efficient (3.8%) inverted organic photovoltaic devices based on a P3HT:PCBM bulk heterojunction blend with improved charge-selective layers. ZnO NP films with different thicknesses are deposited on the transparent electrodes as a nano-porous electron-selective contact layer. The optimized inverted devices show exceptional short circuit current, which is related to increased quantum efficiency.
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Lim, Swee Hoe. „Metallic nanostructures for optoelectronic and photovoltaic applications“. Diss., [La Jolla] : University of California, San Diego, 2009. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3365871.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of California, San Diego, 2009.
Title from first page of PDF file (viewed August 20, 2009). Available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations. Vita. Includes bibliographical references.
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Kulakci, Mustafa. „Silicon Nanostructures For Electro-optical And Photovoltaic Applications“. Phd thesis, METU, 2012. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12614225/index.pdf.

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Recently extensive efforts have been spent in order to achieve all silicon based photonic devices exploiting the efficient light emission from nanostructured silicon systems. In this thesis, silicon based nanostructures have been investigated for electro-optical and photovoltaic applications. The thesis focused on three application areas of silicon nanostructures: Light emitting diode (LED), light modulation using quantum confined Stark effect (QCSE) and photovoltaic applications. In the context of LED applications, ZnO nanocrystal/silicon heterojunctions were investigated. Contrary to observation of pure ultraviolet photoluminescence (PL) from ZnO nanocrystals that were synthesized through vapor liquid solidification (VLS) method, visible emissions were observed in the electroluminescence (EL) due to defect states of ZnO. The discrepancy between these emissions could be ascribed to both change in excitation mechanisms and the defect formation on ZnO nanocrystals surface during device fabrication steps. EL properties of silicon nanocrystals embedded in SiO2 matrix were also systematically studied with and without Tb doping. Turn-on voltage of the Tb doped LED structures was reduced below 10 V for the first time. Clear observation of QCSE has been demonstrated for the first time in Si nanocrystals embedded in SiO2 through systematic PL measurements under external electric field. Temperature and size dependence of QCSE measurements were consistently supported by our theoretical calculations using linear combination of bulk Bloch bands (LCBB) as the expansion basis. We have managed to modulate the exciton energy as high as 80 meV with field strength below MV/cm. Our study could be a starting point for fabrication of electro-optical modulators in futures for all silicon based photonic applications. In the last part of the thesis, formation kinetics of silicon nanowires arrays using a solution based novel technique called as metal assisted etching (MAE) has been systematically studied over large area silicon wafers. In parametric studies good control over nanowire formation was provided. Silicon nanowires were tested as an antireflective layer for industrial size solar cell applications. It was shown that with further improvements in surface passivation and contact formation, silicon nanowires could be utilized in very efficient silicon solar cells.
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Dorval, Courchesne Noémie-Manuelle. „Biologically-templated metal oxide and metal nanostructures for photovoltaic applications“. Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/98705.

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Thesis: Ph. D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, 2015.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis. Vita. Page 296 blank.
Includes bibliographical references.
In several electronic, electrochemical and photonic systems, the organization of materials at the nanoscale is critical. Specifically, in nanostructured heterojunction solar cells, active materials with high surface area and continuous shapes tend to improve charge transport and collection, and to minimize recombination. Organizing nanoparticles, quantum dots or organic molecules intro three-dimensional structures can thus improve device efficiency. To do so, biotemplates with a wide variety of shapes and length scales can be used to nucleate nanoparticles and to organize them into complex structures. In this work, we have used microorganisms as templates to assemble metal oxide and metal nano- and microstructures that can enhance the performance of photovoltaic devices. First, we used M13 bacteriophages for their high aspect ratio and ability to bind noble metal nanoparticles, to create plasmonic nanowire arrays. We developed a novel process to assemble bacteriophages into nanoporous thin films via layer-by-layer assembly, and we mineralized the structure with titania. The resulting porous titania network was infiltrated with lead sulfide quantum dots to construct functional solar cells. We then used this system as a platform to study the effects of morphology and plasmonics on device performance, and observed significant improvements in photocurrent for devices containing bacteriophages. Next, we developed a process to magnesiothermally reduce biotemplated and solution-processed metal oxide structures into useful metallic materials that cannot be otherwise synthesized in solution. We applied the process to the synthesis of silicon nanostructures for use as semiconductors or photoactive materials. As starting materials, we obtained diatomaceous earth, a natural source of biotemplated silica, and we also mineralized M13 bacteriophages with silica to produce porous nanonetworks, and Spirulina major, a spiral-shaped algae, to produce micro-coils. We successfully reduced all silica structures to nanocrystalline silicon while preserving their shape. Overall, this work provides insights into incorporating biological materials in energy-related devices, doping materials to create semiconductors, characterizing their morphology and composition, and measuring their performance. The versatility and simplicity of the bottom-up assembly processes described here could contribute to the production of more accessible and inexpensive nanostructured energy conversion devices.
by Noémie-Manuelle Dorval Courchesne.
Ph. D.
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Khoury, Rasha. „Nanometer scale point contacting techniques for silicon Photovoltaic devices“. Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLX070/document.

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Au cours de cette thèse, j’ai étudié la possibilité et les avantages d’utiliser des contacts nanométriques au-dessous de 1 µm. Des simulations analytiques et numériques ont montré que ces contacts nanométriques sont avantageux pour les cellules en silicium cristallin comme ils peuvent entrainer une résistance ohmique négligeable. Mon travail expérimental était focalisé sur le développement de ces contacts en utilisant des nanoparticules de polystyrène comme un masque. En utilisant la technique de floating transfert pour déposer les nanosphères, une monocouche dense de nanoparticules s’est formée. Cela nécessite une gravure par plasma de O2 afin de réduire la zone de couverture des NPs. Cette gravure était faite et étudiée en utilisant la technique de plasmas matriciels distribués à résonance cyclotronique électronique (MD-ECR). Une variété de techniques de créations de trous nanométriques était développée et testée dans des structures de couches minces et silicium cristallin. Des trous nanométriques étaient formés dans la couche de passivation, de SiO2 thermique, du silicium cristallin pour former des contacts nanométriques dopés. Un dopage local de bore était fait, à travers ces trous nanométriques par diffusion thermique et implantation ionique. En faisant la diffusion, le dopage local était observé par CP-AFM en mesurant des courbes de courant-tension à l’intérieur et à l’extérieur des zones dopées et en détectant des cellules solaires nanométriques. Par contre le processus de dopage local par implantation ionique a besoin d’être améliorer afin d’obtenir un résultat similaire à celui de diffusion
The use of point contacts has made the Passivated Emitter and Rear Cell design one of the most efficient monocrystalline-silicon photovoltaic cell designs in production. The main feature of such solar cell is that the rear surface is partially contacted by periodic openings in a dielectric film that provides surface passivation. However, a trade-off between ohmic losses and surface recombination is found. Due to the technology used to locally open the contacts in the passivation layer, the distance between neighboring contacts is on the order of hundreds of microns, introducing a significant series resistance.In this work, I explore the possibility and potential advantages of using nanoscale contact openings with a pitch between 300 nm to 10 µm. Analytic and numerical simulations done during the course of this thesis have shown that such nanoscale contacts would result in negligible ohmic losses while still keeping the surface recombination velocity Seff,rear at an acceptable level, as long as the recombination velocity at the contact (Scont) is in the range from 103-105 cm/s. To achieve such contacts in a potentially cost-reducing way, my experimental work has focused on the use of polystyrene nanospheres as a sacrificial mask.The thesis is therefore divided into three sections. The first section develops and explores processes to enable the formation of such contacts using various nanosphere dispersion, thin-film deposition, and layer etching processes. The second section describes a test device using a thin-film amorphous silicon NIP diode to explore the electrical properties of the point contacts. Finally, the third section considers the application of such point contacts on crystalline silicon by exploring localized doping through the nanoholes formed.In the first section, I have explored using polystyrene nanoparticles (NPs) as a patterning mask. The first two tested NPs deposition techniques (spray-coating, spin-coating) give poorly controlled distributions of nanospheres on the surface, but with very low values of coverage. The third tested NPs deposition technique (floating transfer technique) provided a closely-packed monolayer of NPs on the surface; this process was more repeatable but necessitated an additional O2 plasma step to reduce the coverage area of the sphere. This was performed using matrix distributed electron cyclotron resonance (MD-ECR) in order to etch the NPs by performing a detailed study.The NPs have been used in two ways; by using them as a direct deposition mask or by depositing a secondary etching mask layer on top of them.In the second section of this thesis, I have tested the nanoholes as electrical point-contacts in thin-film a-Si:H devices. For low-diffusion length technologies such as thin-film silicon, the distance between contacts must be in the order of few hundred nanometers. Using spin coated 100 nm NPs of polystyrene as a sacrificial deposition mask, I could form randomly spaced contacts with an average spacing of a few hundred nanometers. A set of NIP a-Si:H solar cells, using RF-PECVD, have been deposited on the back reflector substrates formed with metallic layers covered with dielectrics having nanoholes. Their electrical characteristics were compared to the same cells done with and without a complete dielectric layer. These structures allowed me to verify that good electrical contact through the nanoholes was possible, but no enhanced performance was observed.In the third section of this thesis, I investigate the use of such nanoholes in crystalline silicon technology by the formation of passivated contacts through the nanoholes. Boron doping by both thermal diffusion and ion implantation techniques were investigated. A thermally grown oxide layer with holes was used as the doping barrier. These samples were characterized, after removing the oxide layer, by secondary electron microscopy (SEM) and conductive probe atomic force microscopy (CP-AFM)
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Prevost, Richard M. III. „Design and Fabrication of Nanostructures for the Enhancement of Photovoltaic Devices“. ScholarWorks@UNO, 2017. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/2353.

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In 2012 the net world electricity generation was 21.56 trillion kilowatt hours. Photovoltaics only accounted for only 0.1 trillion kilowatt hours, less than 1 % of the total power. Recently there has been a push to convert more energy production to renewable sources. In recent years a great deal of interest has been shown for dye sensitized solar cells. These devices use inexpensive materials and have reported efficiencies approaching 12% in the lab. Here methods have been studied to improve upon these, and other, devices. Different approaches for the addition of gold nanoparticles to TiO2 films were studied. These additions acted as plasmonic and light scattering enhancements to reported dye sensitized devices. These nanoparticle enhancements generated a 10% efficiency in device performance for dye sensitized devices. Quantum dot (QD) sensitized solar cells were prepared by successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction (SILAR) synthesis of QDs in mesoporous films as well as the chemical attachment of colloidal quantum dots using 3-mercaptopropionic acid (3-MPA). Methods of synthesizing a copper sulfide (Cu2S) counter electrode were investigated to improve the device performance. By using a mesoporous film of indium tin oxide nanoparticles as a substrate for SILAR growth of Cu2S catalyst, an increase in device performance was seen over that of devices using platinum. These devices did suffer from construction drawbacks. This lead to the development of 3D nanostructures for use in Schottky photovoltaics. These high surface area devices were designed to overcome the recombination problems of thin film Schottky devices. The need to deposit a transparent top electrode limited the success of these devices, but did lead to the development of highly ordered metal nanotube arrays. To further explore these nanostructures depleted heterojunction devices were produced. Along with these devices a new approach to depositing lead sulfide quantum dots was developed. This electrophoretic deposition technique uses an applied electric field to deposit nanoparticles onto a substrate. This creates the possibility for a low waste method for depositing nanocrystals onto nanostructured substrates.
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Cheminal, Alexandre. „Ultrafast energy conversion processes in photosensitive proteins and organic nanostructures for photovoltaic applications“. Thesis, Strasbourg, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015STRAE012/document.

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Les techniques de spectroscopie femtoseconde permettent d’étudier les processus de conversion d’énergie dans les système organiques. Elles permettent d’étudier les populations photo-générées et leur évolution à l’échelle de ces photoréactions. Elles permettent de comprendre les transferts d’énergie et de charge intra- et inter-moléculaires à l’origine du fonctionnement de ces systèmes.La protéine de rétinal Anabaena sensroy Rhodopsin est un photocommutateur naturel, qui est étudié afin de comprendre les paramètres à l’origine de l’efficacité quantique d’isomérisation. Nous avons pu déterminer cette efficacité quantique pour les deux formes stables du rétinal ainsi que leur dynamique d’isomérisation dans les mêmes conditions expérimentales.La génération de charge dans des couches actives pour le photovoltaique organique est étudiée dans un système composé d’un mélange de PCBM et d’un donneur organique dérivé du colorant BODIPY. L’influence de la nanostructuration de la couche active sur la génération de charge est étudiée. La génération de charge est limitée dans ce système par la recombinaison des charges générées et par la diffusion des excition aux interfaces donneur-accepteur. Ces observations indiquent que l’amélioration de la nanostructuration de la couche active peut permettre d’augmenter les rendements de photo-génération de charge
Femtosecond transient spectroscopies are used to investigate photonic energy conversion inorganic systems. These techniques allow to observe the ground and excited states of themolecules at the timescale of the photoreactions. It is used to understand the inter- andintramolecular energy and charge transfers leading to the desired photochemical process.The natural photoswiching retinal protein Anabaena sensory Rhodopsin is studied to understand the key parameters ruling the isomerisation quantum yield. We could determine the isomerisation quantum yield of both stable forms and their dynamics in the very same experimental conditions.Charge generation is investigated in small molecule bulk heterojunction active layers for organic solar cells made of PCBM and a BODIPY dye-derivative donor. The influence of the active layer morphology on charge generation is studied. The charge generation is limited by charge recombination but also by exciton diffusion to the donor-acceptor interface. The active layer morphology has to be improved to achieve more efficient organic solar cells with these materials
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Aguinaldo, Ryan. „Modeling solutions and simulations for advanced III-V photovoltaics based on nanostructures /“. Online version of thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1850/7912.

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Turner, Carrina Jayne. „Electrochemical deposition, characterisation and photovoltaic application of undoped and aluminium doped zinc oxide nanostructures“. Thesis, Imperial College London, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/7122.

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Zinc oxide (ZnO) is an n-type II-VI semiconductor with a reported band gap of 3.2-3.6 eV [1, 2, 3] and electrical resistivity of ~ 50 Ωcm [4]. Ideal for use in devices such as Photovoltaics (PVs), Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) and detectors, ZnO has the advantage that it can be electrochemically deposited. This enables the quick and cheap controlled growth of ZnO nanostructures, which can potentially enhance performance in electronic applications over thin films. ZnO doping with a group III element e.g. Aluminium, can increase ZnO conduction by several orders of magnitude whilst having only a subtle effect on its optical properties, therefore further enhancing device performance. For the first time, this thesis presents a unique in-depth study into the potentiostatic electrochemical deposition of well defined zinc oxide nanostructures (nanorods and platelets), their controlled aluminium doping and application in PV devices. This work addresses the mechanism of doping and examines the relationship between the opto-electronic properties, composition, structure, morphology and growth. The results show that arrays of crystalline wurtzite ZnO nanorods with strong (002) preferential orientation can be deposited on ITO and Au using a 1 mM Zn(NO3)2 system. Doping has been successfully carried out using Al(NO3)3 with a doping mechanism confirmed for the first time. This study shows that doped nanorods contain < 5 at. % Al3+, where Al3+ is incorporated in the ZnO lattice as interstitial and/or substitutional ions. This results in a subtle increase in the band gap, and is believed to increase the ZnO conduction by several orders of magnitude. The application of these nanorod arrays in PV devices has improved device efficiency by ~ 1080 %. Furthermore, platelets have been successfully deposited using a 5 mM Zn(NO3)2 system. A critical dopant content ~ 5 at. % Al3+ has been found, above which there is a transition in the doping mechanism towards spontaneous Al2O3 formation in addition to interstitial and substitutional Al3+ ion locations. This results in a gradual decrease in the optical band gap towards that of undoped ZnO. This mechanism occurs in platelets, where at. % Al3+ > 5 %. Platelet formation is associated with small quantities of impurities such as Al2O3, ZnCl2, Zn(ClO4)2 Zn5(OH)8Cl2.H2O and Au3Zn, arising from deposition conditions. Both impurities and dopants result in increased ZnO polycrystallinity and decreased ZnO (002) preferential orientation. The performance of PV devices with nanorod arrays has been shown to be better than previously reported equivalent thin film devices. This work illustrates the significance of electrochemical deposition as a technique for cheap and quick, controlled mass production of high quality tailor-made ZnO semiconductor nanostructures.
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Bücher zum Thema "Photovoltaic nanostructures"

1

Skabara, Peter, und Mohammad Azad Malik, Hrsg. Nanostructured Materials for Type III Photovoltaics. Cambridge: Royal Society of Chemistry, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/9781782626749.

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Vaseashta, A., D. Dimova-Malinovska und J. M. Marshall, Hrsg. Nanostructured and Advanced Materials for Applications in Sensor, Optoelectronic and Photovoltaic Technology. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-3562-4.

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1951-, Fthenakis Vasilis M., Dillon Anne (Anne Catherine) und Savage Nora F, Hrsg. Life-cycle analysis for new energy conversion and storage systems: Symposium held November 26-27, 2007, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. Warendale, Penn: MRS, 2008.

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Kong, X. Y., Y. C. Wang, X. F. Fan, G. F. Guo und L. M. Tong. Free-standing grid-like nanostructures assembled into 3D open architectures for photovoltaic devices. Herausgegeben von A. V. Narlikar und Y. Y. Fu. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199533060.013.22.

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This article describes three-dimensional open architectures with free-standing grid-like nanostructure arrays as photocatalytic electrodes for a new type of dye-sensitized solar cell. It introduces a novel technique for fabricating a series of semiconducting oxides with grid-like nanostructures replicated from the biotemplates. These semiconducting oxides, including n-type titanium dioxide or p-type nickel oxide nanogrids, were sensitized with the dye molecules, then assembled into 3D stacked-grid arrays on a flexible substrate by means of the Langmuir–Blodgett method or the ink-jet printing technique for the photocatalytic electrodes. The article first considers the fabrication of photoelectrodes with 2D grid-like nanostructures by means of the biotemplating approach before discussing the assembly and photophysicsof grid-like nanostructures into 3D open architectures for the photocatalytic electrodes.
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Rogers, John A., und Yugang Sun. Semiconductor Nanomaterials for Flexible Technologies: From Photovoltaics and Electronics to Sensors and Energy Storage. Elsevier Science & Technology Books, 2016.

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6

Revaprasadu, Neerish, Mohammad Azad Malik, Peter Skabara und David Binks. Nanostructured Materials for Type III Photovoltaics. Royal Society of Chemistry, The, 2017.

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Nanostructured Energy Devices: Principles of Photovoltaics and Optoelectronics. Taylor & Francis Group, 2017.

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8

Bashir, Sajid, Jingbo Louise Liu und Tulay Aygan Atesin. Nanostructured Materials for Next-Generation Energy Storage and Conversion: Photovoltaic and Solar Energy. Springer, 2019.

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Materials for Solar Cell Technologies I. Materials Research Forum LLC, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21741/9781644901090.

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The book reviews recent research and new trends in the area of solar cell materials. Topics include fabrication methods, solar cell design, energy efficiency and commercialization of next-generation materials. Special focus is placed on graphene and carbon nanomaterials, graphene in dye-sensitized solar cells, perovskite solar cells and organic photovoltaic cells, as well as on transparent conducting electrode (TCE) materials, hollow nanostructured photoelectrodes, monocrystalline silicon solar cells (MSSC) and BHJ organic solar cells. Also discussed is the use of graphene, sulfides, and metal nanoparticle-based absorber materials.
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10

Vaseashta, A., D. Dimova-Malinovska und J. M. Marshall. Nanostructured and Advanced Materials for Applications in Sensor, Optoelectronic and Photovoltaic Technology. Springer, 2008.

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Buchteile zum Thema "Photovoltaic nanostructures"

1

Luo, Jun, und Jing Zhu. „p-nJunction Silicon Nanowire Arrays for Photovoltaic Applications“. In One-Dimensional Nanostructures, 271–94. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118310342.ch12.

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Gatti, Teresa, und Enzo Menna. „Use of Carbon Nanostructures in Hybrid Photovoltaic Devices“. In Photoenergy and Thin Film Materials, 1–47. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119580546.ch1.

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Potlog, Tamara. „Thin-Film Photovoltaic Devices Based on A2B6 Compounds“. In Nanostructures and Thin Films for Multifunctional Applications, 143–86. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-30198-3_5.

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Wang, Jun, Xukai Xin, Daniel Vennerberg und Zhiqun Lin. „Quantum Dot-Sensitized, Three-Dimensional Nanostructures for Photovoltaic Applications“. In Three-Dimensional Nanoarchitectures, 413–46. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-9822-4_15.

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Wang, Yang, und Tsuyoshi Michinobu. „Effects of Polymer-Packing Orientation on the Performances of Thin Film Transistors and Photovoltaic Cells“. In Polymer-Engineered Nanostructures for Advanced Energy Applications, 607–33. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-57003-7_16.

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Bisquert, Juan. „Photovoltaic, Photoelectronic, and Electrochemical Devices Based on Metal-Oxide Nanoparticles and Nanostructures“. In Synthesis, Properties, and Applications of Oxide Nanomaterials, 451–90. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470108970.ch16.

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Hilali, Mohamed M., und S. V. Sreenivasan. „Nanostructured Silicon-Based Photovoltaic Cells“. In High-Efficiency Solar Cells, 131–64. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-01988-8_5.

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Antohe, S., I. Enculescu, Cristina Besleaga, Iulia Arghir, V. A. Antohe, V. Covlea, A. Radu und L. Ion. „Hybrid Nanostructured Organic/Inorganic Photovoltaic Cells“. In Nanostructured Materials and Nanotechnology IV, 71–82. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470944042.ch9.

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Gourbilleaua, Fabrice, Pratibha R. Nalinib, Julien Cardina, Christian Dufoura, Odile Robbec, Yannick Lambertd, Di Zhoud, Tao Xud und Didier Stiévenardd. „Chapter 14 Silicon Nanostructures for Photovoltaics“. In Silicon Nanophotonics: Basic Principles, Present Status, and Perspectives, 2nd Ed, 429–56. Penthouse Level, Suntec Tower 3, 8 Temasek Boulevard, Singapore 038988: Pan Stanford Publishing Pte. Ltd., 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315364797-15.

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Goodnick, Stephen M. „Nanotechnology Pathways to Next-Generation Photovoltaics“. In Nanostructure Science and Technology, 1–36. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-91896-9_1.

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Konferenzberichte zum Thema "Photovoltaic nanostructures"

1

Seassal, Christian, Guillaume Gomard, Ounsi El Daif, Xianqin Meng, Emmanuel Drouard, Anne Kaminski, Alain Fave und Mustapha Lemiti. „Slow Light in Photonic Crystals for Photovoltaic Applications“. In Optical Nanostructures for Photovoltaics. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/pv.2010.ptuc1.

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Roberts, Brian, Nanditha Dissanayake und P. C. Ku. „Plasmonic nanostructures for transparent photovoltaic facades“. In 2011 37th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pvsc.2011.6186104.

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Yu, Xiaoqiang, Natalia Azarova, Saumil Joshi und Wounjhang Park. „Plasmonic Nanostructures for Organic Photovoltaic Devices“. In CLEO: Applications and Technology. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/cleo_at.2011.jwa97.

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Park, Wounjhang. „Plasmonic Nanostructures for Organic Photovoltaic Devices“. In Optical Nanostructures and Advanced Materials for Photovoltaics. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/pv.2014.pw5b.2.

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Hu, L., und G. Chen. „Thermal Radiative Heat Transfer Between Closely Spaced Nanostructures“. In ASME 4th Integrated Nanosystems Conference. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/nano2005-87066.

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Thermal emission control with nanostructures has attracted considerable attention because of its potential applications in thermophotovoltaic (TPV) devices [1–3]. The optical-to-electrical conversion in a TPV system is driven by photons with energy higher than the electronic bandgap of the photovoltaic cell. A narrow-band emitter with emission spectrum slightly above the bandgap is ideal, which maximizes the conversion efficiency as well as minimizes the waste heat that deteriorates the performance of the cell. Specially designed nanostructures alters the band structure of photons in much the same way as the crystal lattice does on electrons inside semiconductors, thus changing the thermal emission spectrum. By employing nanostructure-enabled emission control, Lin, et al, projected an efficiency of 34% for TPV systems [2].
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Buencuerpo, Jeronimo, Lorena Torne, Raquel Alvaro, Jose Manuel Llorens, María Luisa Dotor und Jose Maria Ripalda. „Antireflective nanostructures for CPV“. In 13TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CONCENTRATOR PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEMS (CPV-13). Author(s), 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5001413.

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El-kady, I., C. M. Reinke und M. F. Su. „Photonic Crystal-assisted High-efficiency Photovoltaic Generation: Harvesting the Ultra-long and Ultra-short Wavelength Photons.“ In Optical Nanostructures for Photovoltaics. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/pv.2010.ptua2.

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Goodnick, Stephen M., Fernando Ponce, William Alan Doolittle, Christiana Honsberg, Dragicia Vasileska, Srabanti Choudhry, Chantal Arena und Philip Gleckman. „A Hybrid Concentrating Solar Thermal/ Photovoltaic System Using a High Temperature III-nitride Photovoltaic Device“. In Optical Nanostructures and Advanced Materials for Photovoltaics. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/pv.2014.jth4b.4.

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de Freitas, Jilian N., João Paulo C. Alves, Lasantha Korala, Stephanie L. Brock und Ana F. Nogueira. „Hybrid photovoltaic devices based on chalcogenide nanostructures“. In SPIE Organic Photonics + Electronics, herausgegeben von Zakya H. Kafafi, Christoph J. Brabec und Paul A. Lane. SPIE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.928845.

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Topic, Marko, Marko Jost, Milan Kovacic, Benjamin Lipovšek, Žiga Lokar, Franc Smole und Janez Krč. „Nanostructures and design challenges in photovoltaic devices“. In Physics, Simulation, and Photonic Engineering of Photovoltaic Devices IX, herausgegeben von Alexandre Freundlich, Masakazu Sugiyama und Stéphane Collin. SPIE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2549175.

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Berichte der Organisationen zum Thema "Photovoltaic nanostructures"

1

Wu, Zhigang. Quantum Mechanical Simulations of Complex Nanostructures for Photovoltaic Applications. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), Mai 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1406114.

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Yu, Paul K. L., Edward T. Yu und Deli Wang. High-efficiency photovoltaics based on semiconductor nanostructures. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), Oktober 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1083988.

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Honsberg, Christiana, S. P. Bremner, G. M. Liu und K. Y. Ban. (Nanotechnology Iniatitive) Multicolor Nanostructured High Efficiency Photovoltaic Devices. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, Juni 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada480645.

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Salleo, Alberto. Nanostructured Materials for High Efficiency Low Cost Solution-Processed Photovoltaics. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), Oktober 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1353219.

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Hubbard, Seth. High Efficiency Nanostructured III-V Photovoltaics for Solar Concentrator Application. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1052851.

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RUBY, DOUGLAS S., RICHARD J. BUSS, SHANALYN A. KEMME und SALEEM H. ZAIDI. Nanostructured Silicon Surfaces for Cost-Effective Photovoltaic Efficiency Improvements: LDRD Final Report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), Januar 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/808623.

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Lee, Kwang-Sup, Alex N. Cartwright, Paras N. Prasad und Sailing He. Hybrid Inorganic/Organic Photovoltaics: Translating Fundamental Nanostructure Research to Enhanced Solar Conversion Efficiency. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, März 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada516366.

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Olson, Dana. Carbon Nanosheets and Nanostructured Electrodes in Organic Photovoltaic Devices: Cooperative Research and Development Final Report, CRADA Number CRD-08-321. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1039824.

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Nanostructured Transparent Conductors Have Potential for Thin-Film Photovoltaics (Fact Sheet). Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1049586.

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