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1
Latto, Richard, und Bernard Harper. „The Non-Realistic Nature of Photography: Further Reasons Why Turner Was Wrong“. Leonardo 40, Nr. 3 (Juni 2007): 243–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/leon.2007.40.3.243.
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The authors discuss the limitations of photography in producing representations that lead to the accurate perception of shapes. In particular, they consider two situations in which the photographic representation, although an accurate reproduction of the geometry of the two-dimensional image in the eye, does not capture the way human vision changes this geometry to produce a three-dimensionally accurate perception. When looking at a photograph, the viewer's uncertainty of the camera-to-subject distance and the fact that, unnaturally, a photograph presents almost exactly the same view of an object to the two eyes result in substantially distorted perceptions. These most commonly result in a perceived flattening and fattening of the 3D shape of the object being photographed.
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Petraitis, Paulius. „Performing Togetherness: Tourist-Like Photography from Abu Ghraib“. Acta Academiae Artium Vilnensis, Nr. 99 (05.07.2021): 99–125. http://dx.doi.org/10.37522/aaav.99.2020.16.
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The article explores the infamous photographs from the Abu Ghraib prison that circulated and were made public in 2004. It specifically looks at how the sense of togetherness was enacted by the U.S. military personnel stationed in the site, and the way cameras were instrumental in this process. It argues that the resultant photographs can be seen as tou- rist-like in several respects. A notable aspect of the photographic images is that the soldiers who took them repeatedly appear in the frame themselves. Appearing in and photographing the abusive acts was not only a form of structuring and reinforcing power relations at the prison, but also an attempt to portray a fun-having personnel group. The visual signifiers – thumbs up, smiles, pointed fingers – authenticate the images, lending them some of the qualities of tourist photography. At Abu Ghraib, the soldiers’ photographic practice also partly served as a sense-making mechanism, allowing a symbolic distance between the camera-wielder and unforeseen emergent events. It promised a wishful alternative to the grim realities of the prison: an overcrowded and undersupplied facility with a lack of on-site leadership. The scars of resultant violence – and the notorious photographs that document it – remain relevant, and continue to resurface in recent so- cial and political contexts.
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Jianming, Chen. „Map of the Mount Gongga Glacier: A Combination of Terrestrial and Aerial Photogrammetry“. Annals of Glaciology 8 (1986): 34–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0260305500001099.
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For use in glaciological research, between 1982 and 1984, we succeeded in surveying and mapping the Mount Gongga Glacier, on a scale of 1:25 000, by means of a combination of terrestrial and aerial photogrammetry. This paper describes the method in detail. In the survey area, we set up an independent, triangulation network, with microwave distance measurement, and two, independent, straight-line traverses, for basic control. Control points were observed by intersection. The terrestrial, photogrammetric baselines were projected and corrected into distances on the. plane of the map. Terrestrial photography accounted for the majority of the photographs of the survey area. Surveying and mapping of planimetrie and topographic features were completed on a stereo-autograph, using plates mainly from terrestrial photogrammetry. Where these data were insufficient, they were supplemented by aerial photography, plotted on a photographic plotting instrument. Orientation points of the aerial photographs were established by terrestrial, photogrammetric analysis and located on the map by an optical, mechanical method. The practical result showed that a combination of terrestrial and aerial photogrammetry, in mapping a high, mountain, glacier area, on a large scale, is more feasible and flexible than other methods and more economical as well.
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Jianming, Chen. „Map of the Mount Gongga Glacier: A Combination of Terrestrial and Aerial Photogrammetry“. Annals of Glaciology 8 (1986): 34–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3189/s0260305500001099.
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For use in glaciological research, between 1982 and 1984, we succeeded in surveying and mapping the Mount Gongga Glacier, on a scale of 1:25 000, by means of a combination of terrestrial and aerial photogrammetry. This paper describes the method in detail.In the survey area, we set up an independent, triangulation network, with microwave distance measurement, and two, independent, straight-line traverses, for basic control. Control points were observed by intersection. The terrestrial, photogrammetric baselines were projected and corrected into distances on the. plane of the map.Terrestrial photography accounted for the majority of the photographs of the survey area. Surveying and mapping of planimetrie and topographic features were completed on a stereo-autograph, using plates mainly from terrestrial photogrammetry. Where these data were insufficient, they were supplemented by aerial photography, plotted on a photographic plotting instrument. Orientation points of the aerial photographs were established by terrestrial, photogrammetric analysis and located on the map by an optical, mechanical method.The practical result showed that a combination of terrestrial and aerial photogrammetry, in mapping a high, mountain, glacier area, on a large scale, is more feasible and flexible than other methods and more economical as well.
5
Kraft, Robert N., John F. Patterson und Nancy B. Mitchell. „Distance Perception in Photographic Displays of Natural Settings“. Perceptual and Motor Skills 62, Nr. 1 (Februar 1986): 179–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1986.62.1.179.
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Fedorowicz-Jackowska, Aleksandra. „‘Through a Microscope from a Telescopic Distance’: Witkacy, Cameron and the Photography of Faces“. Ikonotheka, Nr. 30 (28.05.2021): 31–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.31338/2657-6015ik.30.2.
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Witkacy was a central figure of the Polish art scene in the first half of the twentieth century. A painter, writer, philosopher, art theorist, and playwright, he also imaginatively played with the photographic medium. This article will show that the most significant part of his photographic practice, carried on since his youth, was centered on faces. Debating the prevailing view that tends to see Witkacy as a lone visionary, I will argue that Julia Margaret Cameron’s photographic portraits inspired the artist’s style and approach to the genre of photographic portraiture.
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LIU Bo, 刘波, 贾继强 JIA Ji-Qiang, 丁亚林 DING Ya-Lin und 苏东风 SU Dong-Feng. „Oblique distance defocus compensation for oblique photographic airborne camera“. Optics and Precision Engineering 22, Nr. 5 (2014): 1274–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/ope.20142205.1274.
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Allina, Eric. „“Fallacious Mirrors:” Colonial Anxiety and Images of African Labor in Mozambique, ca. 1929“. History in Africa 24 (Januar 1997): 9–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3172017.
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African historiography has over the past decade begun to pay increasing attention to photographs as a source for African history. A growing body of work has raised a number of methodological and theoretical questions about how scholars can and should work with images. From their experience with written documents, historians are aware of the ideologically charged conditions under which colonial knowledge was produced. This awareness has armed scholars with a skepticism to look beyond the image itself and examine the physical and technological environment in which photographers worked. Posed studio shots that create “natural” settings and post-event retouching are only some of the practices photographers used to endow their images with a greater semblance of accuracy.Andrew Roberts and David Killingray's “outline” of photography in Africa charts the development of photographic techniques and how their use created specific kinds of images of Africa; Virginia-Lee Webb emphasizes photographers' manipulation of not only their subjects, but also the environment in which they were photographed. What this work has produced is an oft-spoken axiom that photographic images of Africa (or any other place) ought not be taken at face value. This axiom has guided a significant amount of scholarship, although Beatrix Heintze wisely cautions against overinterpretation.Scholars who work with written documentary evidence from the colonial period have well established the ways in which administrators, missionaries, and other Europeans represented Africans as an “other,” as they sought to create cultural and social distance between themselves and Africans. Still other scholars have combined written and oral materials to show how Africans established their own identities and interpreted colonial discourses to create alternative, liberating discursive spaces.
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Freedman, Wendy L., Jeremy R. Mould, Robert C. Kennicutt und Barry F. Madore. „The Hubble Space Telescope Key Project to Measure the Hubble Constant“. Symposium - International Astronomical Union 183 (1999): 17–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s007418090013205x.
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A Joint Discussion on the extragalactic distance scale and the Hubble constant took place fifteen years ago, at the 1982 XVIIIth General Assembly of the IAU, held in Patras, Greece. At that time, the newest applications of infrared photometers to Tully-Fisher measurements (Aaronson 1983) and Cepheid distances (Madore 1983) were reported. CCDs were just coming into use and had not yet been applied to extragalactic distance determinations; all of the extragalactic Cepheid distances were based on photographic Argelander (eye-estimated) photometry (Tammann and Sandage 1983 and references therein). No Cepheid distances to type Ia supernova-host galaxies were available.
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Xia, Yong, Li Bing Zeng und Kuan Quan Wang. „Photographic Volume Visualization with LH Histogram and Color Distance Gradient“. Applied Mechanics and Materials 333-335 (Juli 2013): 1034–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.333-335.1034.
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Volume rendering is an important issue in the field of images visualization, which can display the details of the volume data intuitively. In this paper, we provide an new transfer function for volume visualization of photographic data set. LH histogram and color gradient are used for opacity design. And special organ can be enhanced in 3D view for special mission. We use GLSL (OpenGL Shading Language) for the GPUs accelerate. VHP data set is used for test and the result confirms that our method is effective.
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Kraft, Robert N., und Jeffrey S. Green. „Distance perception as a function of photographic area of view“. Perception & Psychophysics 45, Nr. 5 (September 1989): 459–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3758/bf03210720.
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Watanabe, Toshio. „Geometrical Structures of Photographic and Stereoscopic Spaces“. Spanish Journal of Psychology 9, Nr. 2 (November 2006): 263–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1138741600006168.
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Two experiments were conducted to investigate the geometrical structures of photographic and stereoscopic spaces. In Experiment 1, it was investigated how accurately photographic space reproduces real physical space, and the geometrical structure of photographic space was compared with that of visual space. As a result, the mapping function of distance between photographic and physical spaces (δ = adb) shows that a and b range from 0.96–1.1 and 0.69–0.78. The mapping function of angle between photographic and physical spaces (Φ = gϕh) shows that g and h range from 2.37–5.29 and 0.74–0.97. Further, photographic space has larger anisotropic property than visual space and photographic space may be hyperbolic. In Experiment 2, the geometrical structure of stereoscopic space was compared with that of visual space. It was found that stereoscopic space was almost the same as visual space.
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Zero, Victoria H., Siva R. Sundaresan, Timothy G. O'Brien und Margaret F. Kinnaird. „Monitoring an Endangered savannah ungulate, Grevy's zebra Equus grevyi: choosing a method for estimating population densities“. Oryx 47, Nr. 3 (30.05.2013): 410–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0030605312000324.
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AbstractMethods that accurately estimate animal abundance or density are crucial for wildlife management. Although numerous techniques are available, there have been few comparisons of the precision and cost-effectiveness of different approaches. We assess the precision and cost of three methods for estimating densities of the Endangered Grevy's zebra Equus grevyi. We compare distance sampling and photographic capture–recapture, and a new technique, the random encounter model (REM) that uses camera-trap encounter rates to estimate density. All three methods provide comparable density estimates for Grevy's zebra and are preferable to the common practice of raw counts. Photographic capture–recapture is the most precise and line-transect distance sampling the least precise. Line transects and photographic capture–recapture surveys are cost-effective in the first year and REM is most cost-effective in the long-term. The methods used here for Grevy's zebra may be applied to other rangeland ungulates. We suggest that for single species monitoring programmes in which individuals can be identified, photographic capture–recapture surveys may be the preferred method for estimating wildlife abundances. When encounter rates are low, distance sampling lacks the precision of the other methods but its cost advantage may make it appropriate for long-term or multi-species monitoring programmes. The REM is an efficient and precise method of estimating densities but has high initial equipment costs. We believe REM has the potential to work well for many species but it requires independent estimates of animal movements and group size.
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Blanton, T. N., D. R. Whitcomb und S. T. Misture. „An EXAFS study of photographic development in thermographic films“. Powder Diffraction 22, Nr. 2 (Juni 2007): 122–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1154/1.2737461.
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Silver K edge extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectroscopy of films containing silver behenate (AgBeh) in the unprocessed, fully processed, and step-processed states has been performed. The results of the EXAFS analysis indicate that the intensity for the real-space peak for the Ag-O distance (∼2.3 Å) decreases while the real-space peak for the Ag-Ag distance (∼2.9 Å) grows with increasing thermal processing of the film. The changes observed in the real-space EXAFS signal indicate the growth of metallic silver at the expense of AgBeh. The X-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy (XANES) portion of the signal shows that the absorption edge position varies stepwise, with unprocessed films and pure AgBeh having an edge location at 25 506 eV, films processed from steps 1 through 10 have an absorption edge at 25 508 eV, and the fully processed film has an edge location at 25 512 eV.
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McConnell, James. „(320) Photographic and Post-processing Techniques for Horticultural Images“. HortScience 41, Nr. 4 (Juli 2006): 1045A—1045. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.41.4.1045a.
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Numerous shooting and post-production techniques can be used to improve the quality of images used in horticultural publications. Certain lenses, lens attachments, and camera accessories are useful for enabling greater success in photographing plants. Small diffusers and reflectors allow the shooting of close-ups in the field, even when the sun is directly overhead. Shift lenses can be used to photograph trees at a closer distance without the extreme distortion of wide focal length lenses. Stitching of multiple images to produce panoramic shots can produce images with increased resolution, less distortion, and without the need for a wide-angle lens. Experiences with digital asset management management and post-production workflows are also presented.
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Vakhitov, E. N., V. N. Lagutkin und A. P. Lukyanov. „EFFICIENCY OF MOTION CONTROL OF SPACE SENSOR PHOTOGRAPHING LOW ORBITAL SPACE OBJECTS“. Issues of radio electronics, Nr. 3 (20.03.2018): 40–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.21778/2218-5453-2018-3-40-44.
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Principles of observations and design of onboard equipment for obtaining optical images of low-orbiting space objects during flight at crossed courses are considered. It is noted that photographing from the distance of about 50 km allows to obtain images of space objects with linear resolution of about 1 dm. Simulation model of observation process by satellites-photographers was developed for the modes of their passive and controlled movement. The statistics of observability by one and two satellitesphotographers of low-orbiting space objects are calculated: dynamics of growth of the number of observed objects from distances of 30 and 50 km during one-year observation cycle, and the difference in dynamics in the modes of passive and controlled movement. An algorithm of controlling the motion of satellite-photographer for increasing productivity of obtaining photographs is proposed and described. The simulation of this algorithm has shown that control of the movement of satellite-photographer with reserve of characteristic velocity of 100 m/s provides significant increase in the number of photographed low-orbiting space objects. At distances to the object not exceeding 50 km the effectiveness of observations due to control increases from 80 to 98%, and the proportion of rendezvous from distance of 30 km will be 93%.
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Lee, Myung Gyoon, Wendy L. Freedman und Barry F. Madore. „I-band Cepheid Distance to WLM“. International Astronomical Union Colloquium 139 (1993): 92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0252921100116963.
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WLM (DD0221) is a highly resolved dwarf irregular galaxy in the Local Group. Fifteen Cepheids in this galaxy have been studied by Sandage & Carlson (1985, AJ, 90, 1464) using photographic photometry. We have obtained BVRI CCD photometry of stars in the central area (2.2' x 3.5') of WLM. Figure 1 shows an I–(V – I) diagram of ∼ 2,600 measured stars including five known Cepheids. The distance to WLM has been estimated using the random-phase I band photometr y of five Cepheids (V7(I=20.52), V29(I=20.77), V48(I=20.43), V66(I=21.19), V67(I=21.14)) combined with their periods given by Sandage & Carlson. We have obtained Δ(m - M)II(WLM – LMC) = 6.25 ± 0.11 and (m - M)0 = 24.92 ± 0.21, adopting (m - M)o(LMC) = 18.5 and AI(WLM) = 0.04.
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Do, Jun-Hyeong, Boncho Ku, Jun-Su Jang, Honggie Kim und Jong Yeol Kim. „Analysis of Sasang constitutional types using facial features with compensation for photographic distance“. Integrative Medicine Research 1, Nr. 1 (Dezember 2012): 26–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.imr.2012.09.003.
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Lee, Myung Gyoon, Wendy L. Freedman und Barry F. Madore. „I-band Cepheid Distance to NGC 6822“. International Astronomical Union Colloquium 139 (1993): 91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0252921100116951.
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NGC 6822 was the first galaxy outside the Galaxy where the Cepheid period-luminosity relation was applied as a distance indicator (Hubble 1925, ApJ, 62, 409). Later, thirteen Cepheids in this galaxy were studied by Kayser (1967, AJ, 72, 134) using BV photographic photometry. We have obtained BVRI CCD photometry of stars in two 2.2' X 3.5' fields of NGC 6822. Field 3) using Figure 1 shows an I – (V – I) diagram of ∼ 6,400 measured stars in NGC 6822 including seven known Cepheids. The reddening is estimated to E(B – V) = 0.28 ± 0.03 from the (B – V)-(V – I) diagram of the stars with V < 20 mag. The distance to NGC 6822 has been estimated using the random-phase I band photometry of seven Cepheids (V7(I=16.31), V5(I=18.97), V6(I=18.44), V3(I=17.88), V1(I=18.05), V28(I=17.61), and V2(I=17.29)) combined with their periods given by Kayser.
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Anderson, E. R., B. F. Madore und M. H. Pedreros. „On the Distance to the Open Cluster Lyngå 6“. International Astronomical Union Colloquium 82 (1985): 203–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0252921100109327.
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The determination of the membership of the Cepheid TW Normae to the galactic cluster Lyngå. 6 is important because TW Nor would then be the intrinsically brightest Cepheid associated with a cluster.A series of nine photographic exposures (three each in U,B and V) were obtained during open time at the Anglo-Australian Telescope. The plates were measured with an iris photometer and the data calibrated using the photoelectric standards of van den Bergh and Harris (1976). The data for 300 stars were then analysed using a new computerized method of main sequence fitting and cluster membership determination developed by Pedreros (1984). We found 41 member stars with a mean reddening E(B-V)=1.33±0.10 and a distance modulus of 11.1±0.4 magnitudes.
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Morrison, Thomas A., und Douglas T. Bolger. „Connectivity and bottlenecks in a migratory wildebeest Connochaetes taurinus population“. Oryx 48, Nr. 4 (13.03.2014): 613–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0030605313000537.
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AbstractSurprisingly little is known about the spatial dimensions of most tropical ungulate migrations, including that of wildebeest Connochaetes taurinus, a species famous for long-distance movements. Using non-invasive photographic identification of 834 adult wildebeest from 8,530 images collected over 4 years we characterize patterns of migratory connectivity throughout the northern Tarangire–Manyara Ecosystem, Tanzania. We document movements between Tarangire and Lake Manyara National Parks and northwards to the shore of Lake Natron, a straight-line distance of > 130 km. Fifty-six percent of observed movements occur outside the ecosystem's three main protected areas. We supplement photographic data with fine-scale movement data from two individuals with global positioning system collars, and identify three narrow bottlenecks, each vulnerable to human development. We discuss the possible consequences for the wildebeest population if these bottlenecks become impeded. Persistence of this migration alongside a growing human population and proposed road improvement will require additional measures to ensure that pathways remain open to wildlife movement and protected from illegal hunting.
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Harper, Bernard, und Richard Latto. „Cyclopean Vision, Size Estimation, and Presence in Orthostereoscopic Images“. Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments 10, Nr. 3 (Juni 2001): 312–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/105474601300343630.
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Stereo scene capture and generation is an important facet of presence research in that stereoscopic images have been linked to naturalness as a component of reported presence. Three-dimensional images can be captured and presented in many ways, but it is rare that the most simple and “natural” method is used: full orthostereoscopic image capture and projection. This technique mimics as closely as possible the geometry of the human visual system and uses convergent axis stereography with the cameras separated by the human interocular distance. It simulates human viewing angles, magnification, and convergences so that the point of zero disparity in the captured scene is reproduced without disparity in the display. In a series of experiments, we have used this technique to investigate body image distortion in photographic images. Three psychophysical experiments compared size, weight, or shape estimations (perceived waist-hip ratio) in 2-D and 3-D images for the human form and real or virtual abstract shapes. In all cases, there was a relative slimming effect of binocular disparity. A well-known photographic distortion is the perspective flattening effect of telephoto lenses. A fourth psychophysical experiment using photographic portraits taken at different distances found a fattening effect with telephoto lenses and a slimming effect with wide-angle lenses. We conclude that, where possible, photographic inputs to the visual system should allow it to generate the cyclopean point of view by which we normally see the world. This is best achieved by viewing images made with full orthostereoscopic capture and display geometry. The technique can result in more-accurate estimations of object shape or size and control of ocular suppression. These are assets that have particular utility in the generation of realistic virtual environments.
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Costa, Marco, und Pio Enrico Ricci Bitti. „Face-ism Effect and Head Canting in One's Own and Others' Photographs“. European Psychologist 5, Nr. 4 (Dezember 2000): 293–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027//1016-9040.5.4.293.
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The influence of face-ism (i.e., the attribution of positive characteristics to people in close-up shots) in photographs picturing oneself and others was assessed in 51 female and 28 male university students. Three different shots (portrait, half-figure, and whole figure) were taken of all subjects. After rating their own physical attractiveness, subjects were asked to assess attractiveness and rate each shot on an analog scale. The same procedure was used for the pictures of two individuals, chosen randomly from those previously tested (one male and one female) and with whom the subject was not familiar. Analyses with ANOVA revealed that unfamiliar male subjects received lower evaluations in attractiveness compared to self and unfamiliar female rating. As to pictures of nonfamiliar individuals, there was a clear preference for short-distance shots (portrait), whereas for pictures portraying oneself there was a tendency to prefer medium-distance shots (half-figure, whole figure). Multiple regression analyses revealed a positive relationship between the general attractiveness evaluation of the subject and the rating of each shot for both one's own and others' photographs. Seventy-one percent of all subjects, independent of gender, exhibited head canting with a mean angle of 5.1°. This is much higher than that found in natural settings and media portraits and may be explained by the sense of embarrassment and discomfort usually experienced in a photographic setting.
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Rosso, Massimiliano, Aurélie Moulins und Maurizio Würtz. „Colour patterns and pigmentation variability on striped dolphin Stenella coeruleoalba in north-western Mediterranean Sea“. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 88, Nr. 6 (September 2008): 1211–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315408001641.
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Studies on differences in external morphology and pigmentation patterns were historically carried out using stranded individuals or opportunistic sightings; few studies have involved sampling systematically free-ranging individuals. In order to investigate and describe main pigmentation characteristics, outlining ‘typical’ regional pigmentations, this work analysed systematic photographic information taken on free-ranging striped dolphins, Stenella coeruleoalba. Photographs of dolphins in the Ligurian Sea were collected between May 2004 and December 2006. All individuals were described by the presence/absence of pigmentation variables and by differences in colour shades. The frequency of all the pigmentation variables analysed is stable in the population (10 ‘gene’ variables, 19 ‘allele’ variables), and remains similar between each different group of dolphins. But population presents widespread pigmentation variability between specimens, allowing identification even at single individual level. Cluster analysis also found that the majority of the pigmentations derive from two main colour patterns, called ‘mat’ and ‘pale’ patterns (fmat = 0.68; fpale = 0.12). The Bray–Curtis index showed a high variability of the intra-group pigmentation distance between groups. This resulted in a positive correlation between group size and ‘intra-group’ pigmentation distance: the distance increases rapidly up to a group size of 40 individuals. According to the results obtained, the striped dolphins seem to be concentrated in small groups in which there is a large phenotypic similarity among individuals. These small units could be associated between them to form temporary large groups observed only in pelagic waters.
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Debehogne, H., L. E. Machado, S. Vaz und E. R. Netto. „Elliptical Orbit of Asteroid 1986 QE1“. Anuário do Instituto de Geociências 12 (01.12.1989): 21–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.11137/1989_0_21-24.
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We present the orbital elements of asteroid QE1 (pro visional designation) identified in august 26, 1986, on a photographic plate obtained at the GPO telescope of the European Southern Observatory (ESO), La Silla, Chile, as well as the positions (AR and Dec) referred to 1950.0. Residues (0 - C) of the position in AR and Dec of the asteroid are given, both before and after applying variation in the geocentric distance.
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Innes, Stuart, MP Heide-Jørgensen, Jeff L. Laake, Kristin L. Laidre, Holly J. Cleator, Pierre Richard und Robert EA Stewart. „Surveys of belugas and narwhals in the Canadian High Arctic in 1996“. NAMMCO Scientific Publications 4 (22.07.2002): 169. http://dx.doi.org/10.7557/3.2843.
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The summer range of belugas (Delphinapterus leucas) and narwhals (Monodon monoceros) in Prince Regent Inlet, Barrow Strait and Peel Sound in the Canadian High Arctic was surveyed from 31 July to 3 August 1996 with a visual aerial survey of offshore areas and photographic aerial surveys of concentration areas. The visual survey estimate based on the number of belugas visible to the observers using systematic line transect methods was 10,347 (cv = 0.28). This included corrections for whales that were missed by the observers, observations without distance measurements and an estimate of 1,949 (cv=0.22) belugas from a photographic survey in southern Peel Sound. Using data from belugas tagged with satellite-linked time-depth recorders, the estimate was adjusted for individuals that were diving during the survey which resulted in an estimate of 18,930 belugas (cv = 0.28). Finally, counts of belugas in estuaries, corrected for estuarine surface time, were added to provide a complete estimate of 21,213 belugas (95% CI 10,985 to 32,619). The estimated number of narwhals corrected for sightings that were missed by observers was 16,364 (cv = 0.24). Adjusting this for sightings without distance information and correcting for whales that were submerged produced an estimate of 45,358 narwhals (95% CI 23,397 to 87,932).
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McManus, Karla. „Objective Landscapes: The Mediated Evidence of Repeat Photography“. reproduire, Nr. 17 (08.09.2011): 105–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1005751ar.
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Repeat photography, which involves re-photographing a location from the same vantage point, has become a common method to document the changes occurring in the landscape. Artists, ecologists, geologists and anthropologists alike have employed this practice. What unites these disciplines across great ideological and cultural distances is their understanding of photography as a truthful witness to the passage of time. This position places great value on the mechanical observation of the camera and the objectivity of the photographer. The article focuses on one example of this practice: the Rocky Mountain Repeat Photography Project, an academic research project, illustrates the complexities inherent in claiming photography, or the photographer, as a neutral observer free of ideological and cultural concerns.
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Yahya, Ridwan, Katsuhiko Koze und Junji Sugiyama. „Fibre Length in Relation to the Distance from vessels and contact with rays in Acacia Mangium“. IAWA Journal 32, Nr. 3 (2011): 341–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22941932-90000062.
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Fibre length, as a function of radial or tangential distance from a vessel was estimated from serial cross sections. This new method is easier and faster than earlier methods which rely on photographic prints of transverse images for the analysis. When necessary virtual tangential and radial sections were produced from 3D data to enable fibre length estimation. Fibre length up to the 5th and 2nd fibres away from a vessel in radial and tangential directions, respectively, were significantly shorter than fibres at greater distance from the vessels. Fibre length strongly correlated with radial vessel distance (r = 0.83) up to the 5th fibre and then leveled off. Vessel-adjacent fibres on the radial or tangential side of a vessel did not significantly differ in length. However, the rate of length increase differed significantly in the radial and tangential directions. Percentage of contact with rays varied independently of fibre length.
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Wening, Harald, Lynne Werner, Matthias Waltert und Markus Port. „Using camera traps to study the elusive European Wildcat Felis silvestris silvestris Schreber, 1777 (Carnivora: Felidae) in central Germany: what makes a good camera trapping site?“ Journal of Threatened Taxa 11, Nr. 4 (12.03.2019): 13421–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.11609/jott.4498.11.4.13421-13431.
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Camera traping is a widely used method to study the abundance and population density of elusive terrestrial animals. To make full use of this method, it is necessary to obtain high photographic capture rates of the target species. We examine what characteristics of camera trapping sites are associated with high photographic capture rates of European Wildcat Felis silvestris silvestris. We measured Wildcat capture rates across 25 camera trapping sites located in a 20km² study area within an unprotected low mountain range forest in central Germany. We measured the distance of each trapping site to the forest boundary, to the next watercourse, and to the next human settlement, and broadly defined the type of forest structure the site was located in. None of these site characteristics, however, predicted wildcat photographic capture success. We also examined the degree of human disturbance at the site, measured as the photographic capture rate of humans (including vehicles). Wildcats were detected at similar rates on dirt or gravel roads (heavily used by humans) as on soft-surfaced paths or logging trails (less frequently used by humans), and the degree of human disturbance across sites did not affect wildcat capture success. We, therefore, suggest that trail features such as course, curvature and width, or vegetation density along the trail are more important determinants of Wildcat capture success than habitat characteristics. We conclude that for European Wildcats, as for many larger felids, forest roads provide suitable camera trapping sites and that Wildcats are fairly tolerant towards human traffic on these roads.
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Brouwer, Anne-Marie, Jasper J. van Beers, Priya Sabu, Ivo V. Stuldreher, Hilmar G. Zech und Daisuke Kaneko. „Measuring Implicit Approach–Avoidance Tendencies towards Food Using a Mobile Phone Outside the Lab“. Foods 10, Nr. 7 (22.06.2021): 1440. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods10071440.
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Implicit (‘unconscious’) approach–avoidance tendencies towards stimuli can be measured using the Approach Avoidance Task (AAT). We recently expanded a toolbox for analyzing the raw data of a novel, mobile version of the AAT (mAAT), that asks participants to move their phone towards their face (pull) or away (push) in response to images presented on the phone. We here tested the mAAT reaction time and the mAAT distance in a study with 71 Dutch participants that were recruited online and performed an experiment without coming to the laboratory. The participants used both the mAAT and (explicit) rating scales to respond to photographic images of food. As hypothesized, the rated wanting, rated valence and mAAT reaction time indicated a preference for palatable over unpalatable food, and for Dutch over Asian food. Additionally, as expected, arousal was rated higher for unpalatable than for palatable food, and higher for Dutch than for Asian food. The mAAT distance indicated that the unpalatable food images were moved across larger distances, regardless of the movement direction (pull or push), compared to the palatable food images; and the Dutch food images were moved across larger distances than the Asian food images. We conclude that the mAAT can be used to implicitly probe approach–avoidance motivation for complex images in the food domain. The new measure of mAAT distance may be used as an implicit measure of arousal. The ratings and the mAAT measures do not reflect the exact same information and may complement each other. Implicit measures, such as mAAT variables, are particularly valuable when response biases that can occur when using explicit ratings are expected.
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Chee, Loh Fun, und Chao Tzee Cheng. „Skull and Photographic Superimposition: A New Approach Using a Second Party's Interpupil Distance to Extrapolate the Magnification Factor“. Journal of Forensic Sciences 34, Nr. 3 (01.05.1989): 12697J. http://dx.doi.org/10.1520/jfs12697j.
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Mucha, Jacek, und Monika Wasilewska-Błaszczyk. „Estimation Accuracy and Classification of Polymetallic Nodule Resources Based on Classical Sampling Supported by Seafloor Photography (Pacific Ocean, Clarion-Clipperton Fracture Zone, IOM Area)“. Minerals 10, Nr. 3 (14.03.2020): 263. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min10030263.
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The amount and accuracy of nodule resources estimation in the Pacific Ocean are among the main factors conditioning the future exploitation. The estimates are based on the results of classical, direct seafloor sampling. Due to the large distance between sampling sites, the accuracy of assessing nodule resources in small parts of the deposit is low. The accuracy can be increased by using a large number of seafloor photographs taken along the route of the research vessel performing classic sampling. The study conducted for a part of the area administered by Interoceanmetal Joint Organization (IOM) included: (i) determining a model of the relationship between nodule abundance and seafloor nodule coverage using statistical methods, (ii) assessing the accuracy of nodule resources estimation using a geostatistical kriging procedure, (iii) proposing a preliminary classification of resources referring to International Seabed Authority (ISA) classification standards as material for further discussion. It was found that achievement of high accuracy in the estimation of nodule resources (with relative standard error <5%) in blocks planned for annual exploitation based on direct sampling is difficult. While the use of seafloor photographs increases the accuracy of estimating nodule resources, this improvement is not radical due to the unfavorable, preferential arrangement of photographic data.
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Крупник, Игорь Леонидович, und Светлана Павловна Карпухина. „REPRESENTATION OF DEATH EXPERIENCE IN THE S.SALGADO’S CREATIVE HERITAGE“. ΠΡΑΞΗMΑ. Journal of Visual Semiotics, Nr. 2(24) (27.07.2020): 74–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.23951/2312-7899-2020-2-74-90.
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В данной статье рассматриваются специфические особенности визуализации смерти в XX веке на примере фотографического наследия Себастьяно Сальгадо. Изучая смерть как один из ключевых элементов коллективного сознания, французский исследователь Филипп Арьес выделяет пять исторических этапов развития и изменения отношения человека к смерти. ХХ век, трагически прославившийся многочисленными войнами и драматическими событиями, повлекшими за собой массовые человеческие жертвы, согласно исследователю, становится временем «смерти перевернутой». Вытеснение смерти на периферию социальной и культурной жизни, которое заметил Ф. Арьес, отражает чувство страха перед смертью, ставшей табуированной и не заслуживающей внимания темой. Стремление к дистанцированию от смерти приводит к тому, что она становится доступной только при использовании различных опосредований, одним из которых является фотография, а медиатизация смерти позволяет создать ощущение подвластности данного феномена человеку, прирученности. В творчестве широко известного бразильского фотографа Себастьяно Сальгадо можно выявить ряд острых фотографических серий, посвященных визуализации мортальности различными способами. Фотографические образы смерти, созданные бразильским фотографом, становятся отражением опыта переживания и осмысления смерти. Обратив внимание на фотографические серии из Южной и Центральной Америки и Африки, можно увидеть, что образ смерти, став связующей нитью в творчестве Сальгадо, получает различные способы репрезентации. Основными способами отображения темы смерти становятся эстетизация и стремление к абстрактности контекста, за которые его работы подвергаются многочисленной критике. Фотографическое наследие Сальгадо становится важным звеном между документальной фотографией военных лет, вынужденно несущей в себе образы смерти, и виртуальными изображениями смерти в современных медиа. This article addresses the specific features of visualization of death in the 20th century on the example of the photographic heritage of Sebastião Salgado. Studying death as one of the key elements of collective consciousness French scholar Ph. Aries distinguishes five historical periods of development and modification of the attitude towards death. XX century is tragically known for its numerous wars and dramatic events resulting in massive loss of life and - following the scholar - became the time of “reversed death”. Displacement of death to the periphery of social and cultural life which was noted by Aries, shows the feeling of fear of death which became not worth mentioning taboo. The effort to distance ourselves from death leads to the fact that death becomes available only with help of various indirect methods such as photography. Mediatization of death allows to create a feeling of control over that phenomenon. In creative works of widely known Brazilian photographer S. Salgado one can identify a number of different series dedicated to visualization of mortality. Photo images of death created by the Brazilian photographer become a projection and conceptualization of death. Looking at photo series from South and Central Africa and America one can conclude that the image of death – the central theme of Salgado’s work – gets various ways of representation. The main ways of representation of death became aestheticization and the quest for abstract context for which his works are seriously criticized. The photographic heritage of Sebastião Salgado became an important link between documentary photography of wartime involuntarily filled with images of death and virtual images of death in modern media.
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Smaglyuk, L. V., A. M. Belous und A. E. Karasyunok. „Features of postgraduate distance learning in «Orthodontics» specialty“. PROBLEMS OF UNINTERRUPTED MEDICAL TRAINING AND SCIENCE 41, Nr. 1 (April 2021): 29–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.31071/promedosvity2021.01.029.
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Distance learning is the process of acquiring knowledge, abilities, skills and methods of human cognitive activity, it occurs mainly through the indirect interaction of participants in the educational process distant from each other in a specialized environment, it functions on the basis of modern psychological, pedagogical and information and communication technologies. In today’s world, distance learning is a must. This was shown by the existing COVID-19 pandemic. The purpose of our work was to present teaching methods at the Department of Orthodontics of the Ukrainian Medical Dental Academy and to determine the advantages and disadvantages of distance education. To present theoretical and practically oriented content, organize independent work and control knowledge during quarantine, the possibilities of distance learning were used using the Google Classroom web service and using the ZOOM platform, Google-meet, which made it possible to use video, photographic materials, tables, control and diagnostic models, panoramic and other images, orthodontic appliances, orthodontic instruments. Distance learning technology is flexible than traditional. This is its advantage. It is aimed at those who study, creates a comfortable environment for the applicant for higher education to master the material 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. Distance learning allows you to move away from the traditional system of teaching educational material. However, this teaching methodology requires a high level of teacher training. The teacher must have modern pedagogical and information technologies and be psychologically ready to work with applicants for education in a new educational and cognitive environment. The distance form of education must correspond to the methods of teaching in higher medical school. So, the material and technical clinical base of the Department of Orthodontics of the UMCA allows you to provide high-quality online training. But the spread of COVID-19 leads to day-to-day changes in all spheres of life, including healthcare, and the education system.
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Stüwe, Joachim A. „Light from Dark Clouds“. Symposium - International Astronomical Union 139 (1990): 199–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0074180900240618.
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The purpose of the present investigation was to find out how far the existing photographic sky surveys can be used to derive physical parameters of dark clouds, without the need of new observations. In a recent paper a method of distance determination and extinction mapping of dark clouds by automated star counts on microphotometric raster scans of the ESO/SRC Southern Sky Survey (Stüwe, 1989, hereafter Paper I) is presented. The present paper does a second step, which is based on the fact that dark clouds are marked by an intrinsic surface brightness (Barnard, 1927).
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SHONO, Hiroshi, Masumi OKADA und Seiichiro HIGUCHI. „Texture Analyses of Photographic Images from Close Distance: An Application to Estimate Species Composition in a Mixed Pasture Field.“ Journal of Agricultural Meteorology 49, Nr. 4 (1994): 227–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.2480/agrmet.49.227.
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Evtyukov, Stanislav Sergeevich, Sergey Arkadyevich Evtyukov und Igor Vyacheslavovich Vorozheikin. „ON THE ISSUE OF DETERMINING THE DISTANCE TO THE OBJECT FROM PHOTOGRAPHIC IMAGES DURING THE RECONSTRUCTION OF AN ACCIDENT“. World of transport and technological machines 69, Nr. 2 (2020): 63–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.33979/2073-7432-2020-69-2-63-68.
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Zelt, Natalie. „Picturing an Impossible American: Njideka Akunyili Crosby and Photographic Transfers in Portals (2016)“. Open Cultural Studies 2, Nr. 1 (01.09.2018): 212–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/culture-2018-0020.
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Abstract This article considers artist Njideka Akunyili Crosby’s use of photographic transfers and popular culture in her 2016 painting “Portals” to craft an artwork specific to her experience across multiple points of social identification in the United States and Nigeria. Through close reading and the study of Crosby’s formal and conceptual strategies, Zelt investigates how varying degrees of recognition work through photographic references. “Portals” contests assimilationist definitions of American identity in favor of a representation which is multiplicitous, operating across geographies. By juxtaposing images from different times, in different directions, Crosby constructs “contact zones” and provokes a mode of looking that reflects a feeling dislocation from the country in which she stands, the United States, and the country with which she also identifies, Nigeria. After a brief introduction to the artist and her relationship to Nigerian national politics, the article explores how distance and recognition work through image references to express a particular form of transnational identity, followed by an examination of uses of popular culture references to engage with blackness and an interdependent “Nigerian-ness” and “American-ness.” It concludes by contextualizing the painting’s display amid waves of amplified nativist purity in the US.
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Hohlwein, D., und J. D. Axe. „A high-resolution Weissenberg camera for X-ray synchrotron radiation“. Journal of Applied Crystallography 23, Nr. 5 (01.10.1990): 351–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0021889890004216.
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A photographic Weissenberg camera has been constructed which can be mounted on the 2θ arm of a four-circle diffractometer. At a distance of 0.5 m from the sample the 2θ resolution for a 100 μm crystal is 0.2 mrad (0.01°), allowing a high-resolution mapping of reciprocal space at a synchrotron source in an efficient way. As sample experimental results, a study is presented of the streak system around the 111 reflection of a perfect germanium crystal and the detection of a minute phase transformation in a single-powder grain of a high-Tc superconductor.
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Trujillo, Ignacio, Michael A. Beasley, Alejandro Borlaff, Eleazar R. Carrasco, Arianna Di Cintio, Mercedes Filho, Matteo Monelli et al. „A distance of 13 Mpc resolves the claimed anomalies of the galaxy lacking dark matter“. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 486, Nr. 1 (14.03.2019): 1192–219. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz771.
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Abstract The claimed detection of a diffuse galaxy lacking dark matter represents a possible challenge to our understanding of the properties of these galaxies and galaxy formation in general. The galaxy, already identified in photographic plates taken in the summer of 1976 at the UK 48-in Schmidt telescope, presents normal distance-independent properties (e.g. colour, velocity dispersion of its globular clusters). However, distance-dependent quantities are at odds with those of other similar galaxies, namely the luminosity function and sizes of its globular clusters, mass-to-light ratio, and dark matter content. Here we carry out a careful analysis of all extant data and show that they consistently indicate a much shorter distance (13 Mpc) than previously indicated (20 Mpc). With this revised distance, the galaxy appears to be a rather ordinary low surface brightness galaxy (Re = 1.4 ± 0.1 kpc; M⋆ = 6.0 ± 3.6 × 107 M⊙) with plenty of room for dark matter (the fraction of dark matter inside the half-mass radius is >75 per cent and Mhalo/M⋆>20) corresponding to a minimum halo mass >109 M⊙. At 13 Mpc, the luminosity and structural properties of the globular clusters around the object are the same as those found in other galaxies.
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Weingarth, K., C. Heibl, F. Knauer, F. Zimmermann, L. Bufka und M. Heurich. „First estimation of Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx) abundance and density using digital cameras and capture–recapture techniques in a German national park“. Animal Biodiversity and Conservation 35, Nr. 2 (Dezember 2012): 197–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.32800/abc.2012.35.0197.
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Eurasian lynx are individually identifiable by their unique coat markings, making them ideal candidates for capture–recapture (CMR) surveys. We evaluated the use of digital photography to estimate Eurasian lynx population abundance and density within the Bavarian Forest National Park. From November 2008 to January 2009 we placed 24 camera trap sites, each with two cameras facing each other on well–used walking tracks). The units were placed based on a systematic grid of 2.7 km. We captured five independent and three juvenile lynx and calculated abundance estimates using Program Mark. We also compared density estimates based on the MMDM method (Mean Maximum Distance Moved) from telemetry data (½MMDMGPS) and from camera trapping data (½MMDMCAM). We estimated that in an effectively sampled area of 664 km2 the Eurasian lynx density was 0.9 individuals/100 km2 with ½MMDMCAM. The Eurasian lynx density calculated with ½MMDMGPS was 0.4 individuals/100 km2 in an effectively sampled area of 1,381 km2. Our results suggest that long–term photographic CMR sampling on a large scale may be a useful tool to monitor population trends of Eurasian lynx in accordance with the Fauna–Flora–Habitat Directive of the European Union.
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Kowalska, Kornelia, Damian Trzybiński und Artur Sikorski. „Crystal structure of 2-bromobenzoic acid at 120 K: a redetermination“. Acta Crystallographica Section E Structure Reports Online 70, Nr. 10 (30.09.2014): o1139—o1140. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s160053681402087x.
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The crystal structure of the title compound, C7H5BrO2, was originally studied using photographic data at room temperature with Cu Kα radiation [Ferguson & Sim (1962).Acta Cryst.15, 346–350]. The present study was undertaken at 120 K with a CCD diffractometer using Cu Kα radiation, and resulted in improved geometrical parameters. In the molecule, the carboxy group is inclined to the benzene ring by 18.7 (2)° and there is a close intramolecular Br...O contact of 3.009 (3) Å. In the crystal, molecules are linked by pairs of O—H...O hydrogen bonds, forming inversion dimers with the classicalR22(8) ring motif for carboxylic acids. Neighbouring dimers are linked by weak C—H...O hydrogen bonds, forming tapes propagating in [1-10]. Adjacent tapes interact by slipped parallel π–π interactions [inter-centroid distance = 3.991 (2), interplanar distance = 3.509 (2) Å, slippage = 1.900 Å] to form columns approximately along theb-axis direction. Neighbouring columns interact dispersively, forming a three-dimensional framework structure.
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MAQBOOL, MUHAMMAD. „DETERMINATION OF TRANSFER FUNCTIONS OF MCP-200 ALLOY USING 6 MV PHOTON BEAM FOR BEAM INTENSITY MODULATION“. Journal of Mechanics in Medicine and Biology 04, Nr. 03 (September 2004): 305–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219519404001053.
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Transfer functions of MCP-200 alloy were determined for beam intensity modulation. 6 MV Photon beam, obtained from linear accelerator, is attenuated by blocks of MCP-200 alloy with different thicknesses placed at a distance of one meter from the source. The attenuated beam was allowed to fall on photographic film and optical densities were measured. Films were scanned and profiles were obtained for different thicknesses of the alloy and in the absence of any attenuator. Transfer functions were obtained theoretically as well as analytically by fitting the experimental results into theoretical data. The whole work was completed using optimum dose units and found to be 30 cGy.
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Shekhovtsov, G. A., R. P. Shekhovtsova, D. P. Ivenin und O. V. Raskatkina. „Experimental research control methods of the spatial position of building constructions“. Geodesy and Cartography 922, Nr. 4 (20.05.2017): 7–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.22389/0016-7126-2017-922-4-7-12.
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The article contains the method of discrete scanning points in the vertical plane of the columns and roof trusses for the simultaneous determination of vertical columns, the distance between them in flight at their tip and deflection farms with one point standing and only one performer. The technique is based on the use of reflectorless electronic tachymeter and its SDh key. Experimental research of methods on the elements of building structures NNGASU educational housing using electronic tachymeter SET530R. Results of the experiments were monitored by a coordinate and photographic methods, as well as with the developed at the chair of Engineering Geodesy laser-mirroring device designed to measure inaccessible or hard to reach distances. Analysis methods of error theory position and the results of its comparison with other methods have shown that it provides the required accuracy, easy to perform, does not require the output of the observer on the crane path or lift to the towers, free from the multiple engagement of the bridge crane and can be successfully applied on practice.
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Raskatkina, O. V. „Impact of plumb location on the determination accuracy of chimney heeling by photographic method“. Geodesy and Cartography 919, Nr. 1 (20.02.2017): 55–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.22389/0016-7126-2017-919-1-55-59.
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There is a method of using the corded plumb as vertical reference straight line, located in front of the objective of a digital photocamera in the article. When we take picture of the object under study, there will be this straight line in the photo, from which we can carry out all necessary measurements in the Paint system with the following conversion them into metric system. All possible variants of location of the reference straight line relative to it axis are considered by the example of the construction of the tower round shape and it is shown a method of heeling calculation by image processing results. Experimental research to determine the degree of influence of plumb location in the photo relative to it axe on the accuracy of the heeling determination was carried out by shooting the brick chimney with the 30 metres height when the plumb is located on the chimney axis and on different distance from the left and right of the axis. It is set in the result that the plumb location has influence on the accuracy of heeling determination. The optimal location is on the centre of the top section of the chimney and there is shown the method of accounting corrections due to inaccurate location.
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Triyono, Triyono, M. Ardy Hariwibowo und Bian Pramana Putra. „Analisis Sudut Pandang Kamera Dan Jenis Kamera“. CICES 2, Nr. 2 (31.08.2016): 216–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.33050/cices.v2i2.357.
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The development of computer technology in particular fields of multimedia, visual and audio broadcasting already very rapidly growing at this time as well as the extent of the need for information on the society, the more recent contributions in presenting the image capture, the camera is the most popular tool in photography. The name is derived from the camera obscura, Latin for "dark room", an early mechanism for projecting a display where an indoor function like the workings of a modern photographic camera, except there is no way at this time to take down the display of the drawing in addition to manually follow in his footsteps. In the world of photography, a camera is a device to establish and record a shadow portraits on sheet film. At the television cameras, the system of lenses to form an image on a light sensitive plate. This plate will emit electrons into the target plate when exposed to light. Furthermore, a steady stream of electrons that are treated electronically. In the world of photography does little photographers especially that still seems to be beginners, on things that are technical, such as regulating the aperture diaphragm setting, pace, and distance settings. It's also possible, as long as it is not unthinkable that in the picture contained certain values that can make photos that are good or otherwise become a mess. One of them is setting the composition. May have never imagined, that by setting the actual composition can be highlighted the main subject. Not even rarely will support the success of the photos that we make. a core tool in photography called camera also has different types with masingmasing kegunaanya. With the development of technology, people can search for information using a cell phone so that it is able to be accessed anytime and anywhere.
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Boggio-Pasqua, Atlantine, Anna L. Flam und Andrea D. Marshall. „Spotting the “small eyes”: using photo-ID methodology to study a wild population of smalleye stingrays (Megatrygon microps) in southern Mozambique“. PeerJ 7 (11.06.2019): e7110. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.7110.
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Background The smalleye stingray (Megatrygon microps) is a large and rare dasyatid ray, patchily distributed across the Indo-West Pacific. Free-swimming individuals have regularly been recorded in Southern Mozambican coastal waters utilizing different inshore environments. Distinctive features of the species include latitudinal rows of white spots on the dorsal surface of their pectoral disc. Methods This study aimed to determine if the natural spot patterns on M. microps are sufficiently unique and stable to use in photo-identification studies of wild populations. Research dive logs were combined with opportunistic photographs from local dive centers and recreational divers to create a photographic database from the Inhambane Province coastline. Results Seventy different individuals were identified over a 15-year period, all exhibiting uniquely identifiable patterns. Stingrays were easily identifiable over a period of six years with multiple re-sightings of the same individuals recorded. Analysis of encounters across the Inhambane coastline revealed that individual rays regularly use inshore reefs along a 350 km stretch of coastline. Fifteen stingrays were re-sighted during the study period, including one showing a 400 km return movement between Tofo Beach and the Bazaruto Archipelago, which is the longest distance traveled by a dasyatid ray on record. Several presumably pregnant females have also been recorded in the Bazaruto Archipelago National Park.
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SKVORTSOV, KONSTANTIN V. „Possibilities of digital night vision devices during an operational-search action «observation» in the penal system institutions of the Russian Federation“. Vedomosti (Knowledge) of the Penal System 231, Nr. 8 (2021): 28–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.51522/2307-0382-2021-231-8-28-35.
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The article presents the results of an experimental study of the possibilities of using digital night vision binoculars with a Bushnell video recorder, centrally supplied as part of Berkut special set for search, with the necessary technical support for an operational-search activity «observation» in conditions of insufficient illumination and complete darkness. In the course of the research, visual photographic images of objects of observation at a distance of 20–40 meters from the observer were obtained under various lighting scenes, including complete darkness, a dim point light source, and a bright backlight source of scattered light. As a result of the work carried out, the principles and modes of operation of the presented model of a night-vision device are described. Recommendations are formulated for its use in the implemen tation of photographic and video recording in the course of the operational-search action «observation » in conditions of insufficient illumination. The proposed solutions will allow operatives of the penal system of the Russian Federation to increase their efficiency and achieve additional positive results in the use of modern digital technical means of operational surveillance in their official activities. Key words: night-vision device, observation conditions, object of observation, operationalsearch action, operational officer.
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Yang, Chun Hui, und Fu Dong Wang. „Trajectory Recognition and Navigation Control in the Mobile Robot“. Key Engineering Materials 464 (Januar 2011): 11–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.464.11.
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Fast and accurate acquisition of navigation information is the key and premise for robot guidance. In this paper, a robot trajectory guidance system composed of a camera, a Digital Signal Controller and mobile agency driven by stepper motors is given. First the JPEG (Joint Photographic Expert Group) image taken by camera is decoded and turns to correspond pixel image. By binarization process the image is then transformed to a binary image. A fast line extraction algorithm is presented based on Column Elementary Line Segment method. Furthermore the trajectory direction deviation parameters and distance deviation parameters are calculated. In this way the robot is controlled to follow the given track accurately in higher speed.
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Khan, Saeed I., Carolyn B. Knobler und Emily F. Maverick. „Benz[cd]indol-2(1H)-one at 298 and 100 K“. Acta Crystallographica Section C Crystal Structure Communications 68, Nr. 1 (06.12.2011): o1—o6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0108270111050281.
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Weakly diffracting crystals of benz[cd]indol-2(1H)-one (naphtholactam), C11H7NO, were unsuitable for data collection by early photographic methods. However, a diffractometer data set collected at room temperature in 1989 was solved and refined. The peak scans were broad, and the results indicated disorder or a satellite crystal. Recent data collection (on another crystal from the same sample) with an area detector at 100 K revealed the same disorder, and made it possible to refine two different, more complete, disorder models. Both models assume an occasional 180° rotation of the nearly planar centrosymmetriccis-lactam dimer. The refinements differ, especially in the anisotropic displacement parameters for the –C(=O)—NH– portion of the molecule. Both models at 100 K give a C—N (`amide') bond distance of 1.38 Å, about 0.04 Å longer than the average distance in saturated γ-lactams in the Cambridge Structural Database. Cohesive packing interactions between molecules include opposing-dipole dimers; the packing may explain the 10:1 ratio favoring the major-occupancy molecule.