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Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Phosphatic fertilizers Testing“
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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "Phosphatic fertilizers Testing"
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Fauzan, M., Sofyan Husein Siregar und Syafruddin Nasution. „EFFECT OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF FERTILIZER ON THE GROWTH OF MARINE PHYTOPLANKTON POPULATION Chlorella vulgaris“. Asian Journal of Aquatic Sciences 4, Nr. 1 (07.04.2021): 65–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.31258/ajoas.4.1.65-72.
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This research was conducted on October 13-26, 2019 in the Regional Technical Implementation Unit of the Seawater and Brackish Aquaculture Fisheries Office (UPTD BPBALP Teluk Buo), West Sumatra. This study aims to determine the effect of applying different types of fertilizers to the growth of Chlorella vulgaris microalgae populations on laboratory scale culture. The method used in this study was an experimental method in the laboratory using a completely randomized design (CRD) one factor, namely the difference in fertilizer types with 3 (three) replications. Fertilizers used are Walne fertilizer, ZA (Zwavelzure Ammoniak) and TSP (Triple Super Phosphate). The testing organism in this study was phytoplankton C. vulgaris. The container used was a glass jar (3 liter capacity). The parameters measured in this study include absolute growth, relative growth, specific growth, self-doubling time and water quality. The results of this study indicate that the best type of fertilizer for C.vulgaris population growth was TSP fertilizer, followed by ZA fertilizer and the lowest in Walne fertilizer.
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Boyhan, George E., Reid L. Torrance, Ronald H. Blackley, M. Jefferson Cook und C. Randell Hill. „EVALUATION OF FERTILITY PRACTICES FOR VIDALIA ONIONS“. HortScience 40, Nr. 3 (Juni 2005): 885e—886. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.40.3.885e.
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Fertilizer rates of N, P, K were evaluated over 4 years (2000–03) as were different sources of experimental and commercial fertilizers. The highest total yields and yields of jumbos (≥7.6 cm) occurred with nitrogen rates of 140–168 kg·ha–1. Neither phosphorus nor potassium rates had an affect on total yield. Phosphorus rates of 0-147 kg·ha–1 and potassium rates of 0–177 kg·ha–1 were evaluated. Increasing nitrogen fertilizer resulted in increasing leaf tissue nitrogen, but did not affect P, K, Ca, or S. Increasing phosphorus fertilizer increased leaf tissue phosphorus only slightly (p = 0.060) with no affect on other leaf nutrient levels. Increasing potassium fertilizer did affect leaf tissue potassium 2 out of 4 years with none of the other leaf nutrient levels affected. Several fertilizers were also evaluated including an experimental fortified peat (10%N), calcium nitrate, ammonium nitrate, diammonium phosphate, 5–10–15 (56 kg·ha–1 N), 18-6-8 liquid, 14–0–12 8%S liquid, 19–8–19 slow-release at rates of 140 and 168 kg·ha–1 nitrogen. All were used to supply 168 kg·ha–1 nitrogen unless noted otherwise. P and K were supplied according to soil test recommendations unless they were part of the fertilizer formulation. There were no differences between the different fertilizer sources for total yield and differences in jumbo yields only occurred one year out of three years of testing and for medium (≥5.1 and <7.6 cm) yields there were differences two years out of three years of testing.
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Bryla, David R., und Bernadine C. Strik. „Nutrient Requirements, Leaf Tissue Standards, and New Options for Fertigation of Northern Highbush Blueberry“. HortTechnology 25, Nr. 4 (August 2015): 464–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.25.4.464.
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Northern highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum) is well adapted to acidic soils with low nutrient availability, but often requires regular applications of nitrogen (N) and other nutrients for profitable production. Typically, nutrients accumulate in the plant tissues following the same pattern as dry matter and are lost or removed by leaf senescence, pruning, fruit harvest, and root turnover. Leaf tissue testing is a useful tool for monitoring nutrient requirements in northern highbush blueberry, and standards for analysis have been updated for Oregon. Until recently, most commercial plantings of blueberry (Vaccinium sp.) were fertilized using granular fertilizers. However, many new fields are irrigated by drip and fertigated using liquid fertilizers. Suitable sources of liquid N fertilizer for blueberry include ammonium sulfate, ammonium thiosulfate, ammonium phosphate, urea, and urea sulfuric acid. Several growers are also applying humic acids to help improve root growth and are injecting sulfuric acid to reduce carbonates and bicarbonates in the irrigation water. Although only a single line of drip tubing is needed for adequate irrigation of northern highbush blueberry, two lines are often used to encourage a larger root system. The lines are often installed near the base of the plants initially and then repositioned 6–12 inches away once the root system develops. For better efficiency, N should be applied frequently by fertigation (e.g., weekly), beginning at budbreak, but discontinued at least 2 months before the end of the growing season. Applying N in late summer reduces flower bud development in northern highbush blueberry and may lead to late flushes of shoot growth vulnerable to freeze damage. The recommended N rates are higher for fertigation than for granular fertilizers during the first 2 years after planting but are similar to granular rates in the following years. More work is needed to develop fertigation programs for other nutrients and soil supplements in northern highbush blueberry.
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Pauly, D. G., S. S. Malhi und M. Nyborg. „Controlled-release P fertilizer concept evaluation using growth and P uptake of barley from three soils in greenhouse“. Canadian Journal of Soil Science 82, Nr. 2 (01.05.2002): 201–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/s01-021.
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Use of controlled-release P fertilizers to match the fertilizer P availability to crop requirement has potential for improvement of P uptake and crop production. Greenhouse experiments were conducted to evaluate the concept of controlled-release P fertilizer by using different coatings to regulate the release of P and to compare the growth and P uptake of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) in three Alberta soils. Testing of different coatings in one experiment was followed by further evaluation of the promising treatments in two experiments. Commercial monoammonium phosphate (MAP) and diammonium phosphate (DAP) were coated with a polymer (thin-coated, 1.8% by weight or thick-coated, 2.2%) or enveloped in commercial packaging polyethylene film (shrink wrap, SW) with two, four or six pin-holes to control P release. Thin-coated treatment showed greater dry matter yield (DMY), P uptake (PU), net fertilizer P efficiency (NFPE) and net fertilizer releases efficiency of MAP compared to the uncoated, thick-coated or SW treatments in many cases. Coating of DAP did not consistently improve any of the above-mentioned parameters. In some cases, uncoated fertilizer had greater DMY, PU and NFPE than the polymer-coated treatments in early stages of crop growth (at the 13th, 26th, and 30th days), but coated treatments generally performed better during later stages of crop (at the 39th, 45th, 60th and 90th days). At 31.4 mg P pot-1 for example, thick-coated treatment had about 25% of its total PU during the 60th to 90th day, which resulted in greater spike yield accumulation in this treatment (8.4 g pot-1) compared to uncoated fertilizer (5.0 g pot-1). The P release rate was greater with thin-coated fertilizer than with thick-coated fertilizer during the 0 to 13th days (by 0.199 mg P kg-1d-1) and the 13th to 26th days (by 0.084 mg P kg-1d-1), but the opposite was true during the 26th to 39th days (by 0.112 mg P kg-1d-1) and the 39th to 52th days (by 0.064 mg P kg-1d-1). The polymer-coated, in particular the thin-coated, fertilizers delivered P in a manner that allowed the plants to use it more effectively than the uncoated MAP in several cases, which indicated a potential for improvement of fertilizer P efficiency and crop production. Key words: Barley growth, controlled-release P fertilizer, P uptake, yield
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Rodrigues, Laís Maia, Ricardo Francisco Pires und Davi Leonardo de Souza. „Study of Granulated Gypsum Hardness Coming from the Granulation Process in Rotating Disk“. Materials Science Forum 899 (Juli 2017): 160–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.899.160.
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The granulation process is a unit operation with broad application in the fertilizer industry. The granular fertilizer has a better physical appearance, facility of agricultural application and elimination of fugitive dust in the production and bagging units. Phosphogypsum is a residue from the production of phosphate fertilizers. It known that for every 1 t of phosphate fertilizer produced, about 4 t of phosphogypsum are obtained, causing problems in storage and risks to the environment. Such problems may be minimized by granulating the waste phosphogypsum and using it in agriculture. This work aims at the construction of a laboratory-scale rotating disk granulator with a pre-established combination of reagents to promote granulation of the waste from phosphate fertilizer production. For construction of the equipment a theoretical study was performed in order to establish the principal variables influencing the granulation technique and the dimensions required for building the granulator. The equipment attained the expected results and the disc speed (22 to 250 rpm) and disc inclination (0 to 90 degrees) can be manipulated. In this paper three binders used were: Manioc starch, carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), each at three different concentrations. The tests were conducted using a rotating disk granulator and hardness tests on a universal mechanical testing machine. The figures of merit used in this study were percentage particle size, hardness and sphericity of the granules obtained. With the analysis of the data, it can be concluded that the granulation process was adequate, considering the settings employed.
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Mikkelsen, Robert L., und Thomas W. Bruulsema. „Fertilizer Use for Horticultural Crops in the U.S. during the 20th Century“. HortTechnology 15, Nr. 1 (Januar 2005): 24–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.15.1.0024.
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Tremendous changes have occurred during the past century in the sources and methods for supplying nutrients for horticultural crops. Reliance on animal manure, cover crops, and animal tankage was insufficient to meet the crop nutrient demand for a rapidly expanding population. The Haber-Bosch process for ammonia synthesis (1910s) revolutionized the availability and affordability of nitrogen (N) fertilizer. Discovery of large-scale deposits of rock phosphate in South Carolina (1860s) and Florida (1880s) alleviated widespread nutrient deficiencies. Acidification of rock phosphate and bone material significantly improved phosphorus (P) availability for plants. Discovery of potassium (K)-bearing minerals in New Mexico (1920s) and later in Canada (1960s) now provide a long-term nutrient source. Modern fertilizer technology allows nutrients to be applied in the correct ratio and amount to meet crop needs. Advances in understanding plant nutrition, coupled with slow-release fertilizers, foliar fertilization, soluble nutrients, and the development of soil and tissue testing have all improved the yield and quality of horticultural crops. Future developments will likely focus on fertilization in an increasingly competitive global economy, while requiring sophisticated management to minimize environmental impacts.
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McKenzie, R. H., E. Bremer, L. Kryzanowski, A. B. Middleton, E. D. Solberg, D. Heaney, G. Coy und J. Harapiak. „Yield benefit of phosphorus fertilizer for wheat, barley and canola in Alberta“. Canadian Journal of Soil Science 83, Nr. 4 (01.08.2003): 431–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/s02-078.
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Crop responsiveness to P fertilizers on the Canadian Prairies has likely declined during the past three to four decades due to regular application of P fertilizer and reduced tillage. Its relationship to extractable soil P as determined by various soil tests may also have changed. The objective of this study was to evaluate five soil test P methods for three major crops across a wide range of soil types and environmental conditions. Small-plot P fertilizer trials were conducted at 154 locations across Alberta from 1991 through 1993. At each location, fertilizer responses were determined for one, two, or three crops: barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) or canola (Brassica napus L.). Fertilizer treatments consisted of seed-placed monoammonium phosphate at rates of 0, 6.5, 13.1 and 19.6 kg P ha-1. The average increase in seed yield due to application of P fertilizer was 10%, with little difference among crop types. Relative yield increases were significantly greater in Gray soils (Dark Gray Chernozemics, Dark Gray-Gray Luvisols) than in Black (Black Chernozemics) or Brown soi ls (Brown and Dark Brown Chernozemics). The maximum variation in P fertilizer response accounted for by any soil test P was 27% for barley, 15% for wheat and 7% for canola. The Kelowna method and its derivatives generally provided the best fit with P fertilizer response. Only a modest increase in the proportion of variation that could be accounted for by soil test was achieved by multiple regressions with soil pH, clay or organic matter or by separate analyses of different soil types or years. The probability of a profitable yield response due to P fertilizer application did decline with increasing soil test P. However, profitable yield responses were frequent at all levels of soil test P for the first increment of 6.5 kg P ha-1 and low at all levels of soil test P for the third increment of 6.5 kg P ha-1 (19.6 kg P ha-1). The poor relationship of soil test P to fertilizer response was attributed to frequent but variable starter effects of P fertilizer and the infrequent occurrence of highly responsive sites. Key words: Soil testing, Olsen, Bray, Kelowna, fertilizer response functions, Hordeum vulgare, Triticum aestivum, Brassica napus
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Pathak, Enish, Arjun Sanjyal, Chhatra Raj Regmi, Saroj Paudel und Anima Shrestha. „Screening of Potential Plant Growth Promoting Properties of Bacillus Species Isolated from Different Regions of Nepal“. Nepal Journal of Biotechnology 9, Nr. 1 (31.07.2021): 79–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njb.v9i1.38672.
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The deleterious effects of intensive use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides in agriculture has led to the substantial research efforts on finding the alternatives to these agrochemicals. This study was aimed to isolate Bacillus species from soil of different regions of Nepal and screen for their ability to promote plant growth directly or indirectly by testing their ability to produce plant growth hormone indole acetic acid, hydrogen cyanide, ammonia and protease as well as phosphate solubilization. Thirty nine Bacillus strains were isolated from 25 soil samples of different regions of Kathmandu and Chitwan districts of Nepal. These isolates were tested for plant growth promoting traits in vitro. Among the total isolates, about 48.7% were indole acetic acid producers, 38.4% of the isolates showed the ability to solubilize the phosphate, 71.8% were able to produce ammonia and all the isolates had the ability to produce hydrogen cyanide and protease. The isolated strains showed positive results to maximum PGPR traits and exhibited a potential to be used as alternatives to chemical fertilizers and pesticides and could be used as low-cost bio-based technology to promote plant growth in the agricultural sector.
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Johnston, Adrian M., und F. Craig Stevenson. „Field pea response to seeding depth and P fertilization“. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 81, Nr. 3 (01.07.2001): 573–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/p00-166.
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A study was conducted at Melfort, SK, in 1998 and 1999 to determine whether seeding depth and P fertilization affect field pea (Pisum sativum L.) seedling emergence and grain yield. Treatments included a factorial combination of three seeding depths (38 mm, 76 mm, and 114 mm) with and without 25 kg P2O5 ha–1 as monoammonium phosphate. While seedling density was not affected by seeding depth at 3 wk after planting, the deepest seeding depth produced significantly fewer seedlings than the two shallower depths at 5 wk post-seeding. A year-by-seeding-depth interaction was recorded for grain yield, with deep seeding (114 mm) reducing yield by 8.5% in 1998, while no significant differences were recorded due to depth in 1999. Side-banded phosphorus fertilizer applications reduced seedling emergence at 3 wk; however, no difference was recorded by 5 wk after seeding. At harvest, addition of P fertilizer significantly increased grain yields on this high P testing soil; however, this response was small, averaging 138 kg ha–1. Results of this trial indicate that while field peas can tolerate deep seeding there appears to be little benefit from seeding deeper than 76 mm. Key words: Field pea, seeding depth, P fertilizer
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Smagula, John M., und Scott Dunham. „Pruning Method Affects Lowbush Blueberry Yields“. HortScience 30, Nr. 4 (Juli 1995): 784C—784. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.30.4.784c.
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Flail mowing was compared to traditional pruning by oil fire over a 12-year period in two fertility experiments testing interactions with pruning method. In study one (1983–1986), urea at 0, 22.4, 44.8, 67.2, or 89.6 kg·ha–1 was applied preemergent in a split-block design with fertility as the main effect, and pruning method split within six blocks. Study two (1987–1994) continued the pruning and application of fertilizer on the treatment plots with similar rates, but diammonium phosphate (DAP) replaced urea as the fertilizer. Leaf tissue N concentrations were above the 1.6% standard and urea had no effect or decreased yield. There was no interaction of fertility and pruning and no effect of pruning method on yield. No interaction of fertility and pruning was found in study two, but DAP increased leaf P concentrations and yield and, after three cycles of mowing, yields had begun to decline in mowed plots compared to burned plots. No meaningful differences in leaf nutrient concentrations were found between plants in mowed and burned plots.
Dissertationen zum Thema "Phosphatic fertilizers Testing"
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Fleming, Nigel Kevin. „Polyphosphates and microbial uptake of phosphorus : studies with soil and solution culture“. Title page, contents and summary only, 1992. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09A/09af598.pdf.
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HWU, MEEI-SHAN, und 胡美珊. „Rapid chemical testing method for evaluating fertilizer efficiency of rock phosphate and the transformation of rock phosphate in different soils“. Thesis, 1992. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/18506364381525452549.
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May, Alexander. Assessment of Ra²²⁶ and toxic element distribution at Tennessee Valley Authority phosphate slag stockpiles, Muscle Shoals, AL. Washington, D.C: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Bureau of Mines, 1990.
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May, Alexander. Assessment of Ra p226 s and toxic element distribution at Tennessee Valley Authority phosphate slag stockpiles, Muscle Shoals, AL. Washington, DC: Dept. of Interior, 1989.
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