Dissertationen zum Thema „Personnel management – Great Britain“
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1
Manning, W. E. G. „The content of the #psychological contract' between employees and organisations in Great Britain in the early 1990s“. Thesis, Birkbeck (University of London), 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.282095.
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2
Chen, I. Chun Lisa. „The societal culture dimension within the human resource practices of Taiwanese management in the UK“. Thesis, University of Stirling, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/68.
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This thesis examines approaches to international human resource management by Taiwanese MNCs located in the UK. A range of international human resource management models are discussed, from the universalist paradigm originating in the US to more contextual models, particularly those emphasising the impact of culture. The key elements of Chinese culture and their application to management are reviewed Interview and questionnaire data is drawn from 32 Taiwanese companies operating in the UK in the manufacturing and financial services sectors, and is analysed using SPSS and NVivo packages. Key findings include that the cultural origin of Taiwanese managers remains crucial in the way they manage UK subsidiaries. The small size of the Taiwanese companies also influences their internationalisation and international human resource strategy. In addition, there is a sectoral difference in the different HR practices being adopted. Japanese MNCs have been the only non-western MNCs to have been studied in depth. Although the Japanese and Chinese have been said to share a similar culture, they are shown in this thesis to adopt different techniques to achieve their HRM goals. It is concluded that many goals similar to those of western models of HRM can be found in Taiwanese MNCs, but achieved through different HR practices, for example, group reward rather than individual reward for commitment. It is suggested that conventional HRM frameworks fail to readily explain companies of non-western origin and the thesis tries to develop an IHRM model suitable for Chinese MNCs. Following strong economic development in China, research on Taiwanese MNCs can contribute to future perspectives on Chinese internationalisation and management transfer.
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Ben-Galim, Dalia. „Equality and diversity : the gender dimensions of work-life balance policies“. Thesis, University of Oxford, 2008. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:d078b9c7-ceab-454c-a1b6-09ebe88fb725.
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This thesis analyses the gender dimensions of work-life balance policies in the UK. It focuses on three related questions: firstly, to what extent are work-life balance policies framed by 'diversity'; secondly, how does this impact on the conceptualisation and implementation of work-life balance policies (in government and in organisations); and thirdly, what are the implications for gender equality? Through analysing published research, the UK Government's work-life balance agenda and data generated from three selected case study organisations, the prominent dimensions of diversity that shape the conceptualisation and implementation of work-life balance policies are presented. This thesis argues that the concept of diversity - as defined by the feminist literature - offers the potential to progress gender equality through overcoming the same-difference dichotomy, and by recognising multiple aspects of identity. However, this theoretical potential is not necessarily reflected in practice. With the emphasis on the individual worker and choice, diversity has been primarily defined as 'managing diversity', and has a significant affect on how work-life balance policies have been applied in both government policy and organisational practice. The UK Government states that work-life balance policies are meant to provide everyone with opportunities to balance work with other aspects of life. The current policy framework targets parents and in particular mothers, potentially limiting the choices that men and women have to 'work' and 'care'. Locating work-life balance policies within the context of 'managing diversity' supports and facilitates women's employment, but does not necessarily challenge fundamental gender disparities such as occupational segregation and gender pay gaps. Analysis of the UK Government's current agenda and organisational case studies show that despite progressive equality, diversity and worklife balance agendas, work-life balance policies are limited in challenging persistent structural gender inequalities.
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Digard, Léon Nicolas. „Sex offenders' and their probation officers' perceptions of community management in England and Wales“. Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.609359.
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5
Song, Jiashi. „Regional logistics capability and economic development of the regions in Great Britain“. Thesis, University of Hull, 2011. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:4935.
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Logistics and Supply Chain Management, as the 'last frontier' for firm's cost reduction potential, have been heatedly discussed since half a century ago (Drucker, 1962). In recent years, logistics and supply chain management have emerged as key business concerns and moved much higher up the agenda in organisations in every industry and sector (Christopher, 2005). Adequate and reliable supply is the key to success of not only battles in war, but also equally intense battles in the business arena.
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French, R. D. „The development and structuring of personnel departments in Britain and West Germany“. Thesis, Nottingham Trent University, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.354394.
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7
Lee, Yang-Im. „Grounded theory of marketing strategy based on partnership and underpinned by culture : Japanese and Korean electronics companies in the UK“. Thesis, University of Stirling, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/868.
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An extensive literature review was undertaken that brought out the salient points relating to strategic marketing; marketing strategy; customer service; relationship marketing; retailing strategy; the link between organizational culture and national culture; leadership; long-term partnership arrangements;and the similarities and differences between Japanese and Korean culture. The research strategy incorporated exploratory research and in particular the in-depth personal interview method; the small group interview method; the critical friendship group method; and the postal survey method. This allowed the researcher to understand the mindset of Japanese and Korean people; provided a basis for the researcher to better understand and address culturally sensitive issues that would arise during the main data collection process; make a link between national cultural values and organizational values. The grounded theory approach was used to analyse and interpret the data collected from the in-depth personal interview method involving five staff in two companies: a Japanese electronics company based on the UK and a Korean electronics company based on the UK. The research established that national cultural value systems do have an influence on management style and organizational behaviour. Both Japan and Korea embraced Buddhism and Confucianism in a different way (emphasis, purpose and sequence). This is why the national cultural characteristics and values of the people from these two cultures are different. The strategic marketing approach is valid and is deployed by both Japanese and Korean electronics companies based in the UK, however, the approach of the Japanese managers to strategic marketing is more advanced than the strategic marketing approach deployed by Korean managers. Both Japanese and Korean electronics companies based in the UK have a clearly defined marketing strategy that is focused on customer service that is underpinned by a clear commitment to partnership arrangements. Partnership arrangements are based on trust and are considered to be long-term in orientation. Although Japanese and Korean electronics companies based in the UK have a customer service policy that is incorporated within a strategic marketing framework, customer service policy is deployed differently. In order for Japanese and Korean electronics companies based in the UK to achieve financial success (defined as financial gain in the long-term), marketing is perceived as an integrated process that is strategic in nature. Japanese and Korean managers feel comfortable working in terms of a strategic marketing framework and are sensitive to the feelings of local people. Hence a hybrid organizational culture exists. However, the organizational culture that exists in Japanese electronics companies based in the UK is different from that that exists in Korean electronics companies based in the UK. This is due to a distinct organizational learning policy. Although organizational learning is viewed as important with respect to improving an organization's performance, how it is practised in Japanese electronics companies based in the UK is different from that adopted and deployed by Korean electronics companies based in the UK. This can be attributed to such factors as the style of management; the degree of management control; and the way in which relationships are built and managed. As regards the development of partnership arrangements, although managers in Japanese and Korean electronics companies based in the UK consider that business relationships are to have a long-term orientation, it should be noted that in the case of Japanese electronics companies based in the UK, there are clear power based relationships in being that influence how individuals interact and make and implement decisions. In the case of Korean electronics companies based in the UK, the concept of mutuality is dominant and this influences how individuals interact, make and implement decisions.
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Chen, Zhimin. „Quality management in international fashion clothing supply chains between Great Britain and China“. Thesis, Manchester Metropolitan University, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.410740.
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9
Hine, Alison. „The provision and management of casualty replacements for British infantry units on the Western Front during the First World War“. Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2016. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/6775/.
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Casualties during the First World War were far higher than had been anticipated in pre-war planning. They required rapid replacement in order to maintain operational effectiveness. This Thesis considers the provision and management of British Other Rank replacements for Infantry battalions on the Western Front. The initial influx of volunteers meant a much larger Army, which in turn required an increased number of draft-finding units and changes to reinforcement procedures for its maintenance. It has previously been assumed that these changes, together with the introduction of conscription, destroyed the previous cohesion of regiments. A chronological approach is used in order to trace the evolution of changes. Although predominantly pitched at the management level, implicit in this examination are the effects of political decisions together with the impact on battalions of changes in the drafting and reinforcement process. Amongst the conclusions reached are that there is little or no evidence that the Government actively withheld reinforcements. Analysis of details of soldiers of selected Infantry battalions from the English/Welsh Marches also indicates that, despite the growing scarcity of men, drafts continued to be provided to a large extent from Western Command even at the end of the war.
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Baumast, Annett. „Environmental management systems and cultural differences : an explorative study of Germany, Great Britain, and Sweden /“. Aachen : Shaker-Verlag, 2003. http://www.unisg.ch/www/edis.nsf/wwwDisplayIdentifier/2659.
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11
Lockett, Anthony E. „An analysis of the role of state, economy and civil society in the development, management and reform of the NHS, 1948-1997“. Thesis, University of St Andrews, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/13343.
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The NHS is the centrepiece of the UK welfare state. For fifty years it has provided the majority of health-care in the UK. However the running of the service has not been marked by a smooth operation. Repeated reforms have occurred since 1948 in attempts to increase the efficiency and effectiveness of the service. These reforms have been credited with varying degrees of success. Even the most radical reforms, initiated in 1990, have been marked by some failures - particularly in respect to the provision of services to 'at risk' groups such as the elderly, leading to criticisms of a lack of coherent policy making. The reasons that underlie the success of the NHS in the midst of failure are complicated, but one hypothesis is that the structure of the NHS does not reflect its basic functions. Those functions can be broken down into 2. First is the relief of suffering from illness; second is the support of the industrial and economic base of the UK. The existence of this pluralistic purpose implies that the management of the service requires balancing the forces of economic, state and civil society requirements for the NHS. This management is embodied in a complicated institutionalisation of care, covered in chapter 1. The empirical evidence gathered in the thesis, in chapters 2 and 3 both from literature and case studies, would indicate that at least part of the problems seen in the NHS result from a failure to balance this institutionalisation. However, the situation is made more complex as the result of this imbalance creates further increased demands from some of the elements in the management of the service. Therefore the failure to balance the interactions that surround the NHS increases the pressures on it which in turn increases the imbalance leading to a feedback loop magnifying the problem. The source and problems of this feedback are best exemplified by a case study of the most recent reforms -covered in chapters 4-11 of this thesis. This case study demonstrates that the way in which the 1990 reforms were formulated and implemented took little notice of the impact of the changes on the street level NHS managers - with the results that the reforms did not represent a coherent policy. The result of the lack of coherence is that the changes have not generated efficiency gains, and in some cases have diverted resources away from those most in need. The underlying cause of this is the predominance of non- market forces in the decision making process - i.e. the values of the purchasers and the power of the providers to influence decision making. The linkages between these features of the post reform NHS are described in chapter 12. It is likely that the only way in which the circle of problems in the NHS can be addressed is re-establishing the corporate relationship that surrounds health care. However unlike previous relationships the evidence suggests that the relationship should be established at a policy level, rather than the current trends for a local level relationship. The NHS is not unique in this aspect, as this is the pattern of change seen in many European Countries.
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Thacker, Scott. „Reducing the risk of failure in interdependent national infrastructure network systems“. Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:02e7313c-0967-47e3-becc-2e7da376f745.
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Infrastructure network systems support society and the economy by facilitating the distribution of essential services across broad spatial extents, at a range of scales. The complex and interdependent nature of these systems provides the conditions for which localised failures can dramatically cascade, resulting in disruptions that are widespread and very often unforeseen. This systemic vulnerability has been highlighted multiple times over the previous decades in infrastructures systems from around the world. In the future, the hazards to which infrastructure systems are exposed are set to grow with increasing extreme event risks caused by climate change. The aim of this thesis is to develop methodology and analysis for understanding and reducing the risk of failure of national interdependent infrastructure network systems. This study introduces multi-scale, system-of-systems based methodology and applied analysis that provides important new insights into interdependent infrastructure network risk and adaptation. Adopting a complex network based approach; real-world asset data is integrated from the energy, transport, water, waste and digital communications sectors to represent the physical interconnectivity that exists within and between interdependent infrastructure systems. Given the often limited scope of real-world datasets, an algorithm is presented that is used to synthesise missing network data, providing continuous network representations that preserve the most salient spatial and topological properties of real multi-level infrastructure systems. Using the resultant network representations, the criticality of individual assets is calculated by summing the direct and indirect customer disruptions that can occur in the event of failure. This is achieved by disrupting sets of functional service flow pathways that transcend sectorial and operational boundaries, providing long-range connectivity between service originating source nodes and customer allocated sink nodes. Kernel density estimation is used to integrate discrete asset criticality values into a continuous surface from which statistically significant infrastructure geographical criticality hotspots are identified. Finally, a business case is presented for investment in infrastructure adaptation, where adaptation costs are compared to the reduction in expected damages that arise from interdependency related failures over an assets lifetime. By representing physical and geographic interdependence at a range of scales, this analysis provides new evidence to inform the targeting of investments to reduce risks and enhance system resilience. It is concluded that the research presented within this thesis provides new theoretical insights and practical techniques for a range of academic, industrial and governmental infrastructure stakeholders, from the UK and beyond.
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Atkinson, Daniel Edward. „Shipbuilding and timber management in the Royal Dockyards 1750-1850 : an archaeological investigation of timber marks“. Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/472.
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This work presents a study of shipbuilding and timber management in the Royal Dockyards in the period 1750 – 1850, focusing on an archaeological investigation of ship timber marks. The first chapter outlines the concept of timber marking in shipbuilding contexts, stressing the multi-disciplinary approach to the study highlighted in the available archaeological and documentary evidence by which the practice of timber marking can be understood. Chapter two outlines the background to timber marking in the Georgian era and the development of the practice within the broader advances made in shipbuilding, technology and design prior to the end of the 17th century. Chapter three outlines the developments in shipbuilding and the introduction of systems to control and standardise the management of timber in the Royal Dockyards in the 18th century. In the latter half of the 18th century we will see the attempts of naval reformers to develop these systems of timber management and pave the way for the sweeping changes made at the beginning of the 19th century. Chapter four highlights these changes with the introduction of the Timber Masters and looks at the nature of timber management and the marking of timbers as identified in documentary sources. This evidence lays the foundation for the understanding of timber marking in the 19th century as witnessed in the archaeological record. The remaining chapters present the much more extensive archaeological evidence for timber marking among several high profile assemblages. The main assemblages presented in Chapters 5 to 9 show the diversity of timber marking practices and how they relate to the working processes of the Royal Dockyards. The research offers new insights into the understanding of shipbuilding and the management of timber in the Royal Dockyards between 1750 and 1850 and explores the possibilities for further avenues of study.
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Rezazadeh-Khamnei, Fariba. „The administration of the arts in Great Britain, the United States of America and Italy“. Thesis, City University London, 1990. http://openaccess.city.ac.uk/7764/.
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The following discourse takes three countries, each well known in its for its artistic treasury and arts, looks at the way each handles the administration of its arts, and tries to draw lines of similitude as well as disparity between each and the other two. Reference has been made to as many works of research as available to the writer, but a considerable amount of field work has also been undertaken to find facts and examples at first hand. In the case of each country, specific attention has been paid - in the area of supporting, maintaining and providing for the arts - to the public sector with its various tentacles and the private sector in its different forms and with itsdifferent motives. This has been done in such a manner as to make an overall comparison possible and, where applicable, to show where one country could benefit from a practice prevalent in another or how one country's meat could turn out to be another's poison. The ultimate purpose behind the study is not, however, merely to document statistical facts and figures or to look at the business of administering the arts as a rigid set of rules, regulations or even requirements, but to use the facts and figures obtained in the study and the practical applications observed in the three countries studied to investigate the nature of the quandary in which many seem to find the arts, and to examine the possibility of yet another attempt at resolving it. History is for others to write after the fact; any one generation's contribution to - it can at best be the notation of instances and a description of influences brought to bear upon them. The present work is not trying even to do that. To the writer, the arts are a world unto themselves and even though they have to be made to face. Economic reality and suffer administrative discipline, this should be done in such a manner as not to curb the artist himself; for as Keynes said, the true artist 'walks where the breath of the spirit blows him: he cannot be told his direction.' It is with that attitude that the writer looks at the subject of arts administration and tries to assess its possibilities, and impossibilities.
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Goncalves, Marcio A. „A comparative study of hospital management in Great Britain and Brazil : cost information use“. Thesis, Aston University, 2002. http://publications.aston.ac.uk/10772/.
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In Great Britain and Brazil healthcare is free at the point of delivery and based study only on citizenship. However, the British NHS is fifty-five years old and has undergone extensive reforms. The Brazilian SUS is barely fifteen years old. This research investigated the middle management mediation role within hospitals comparing managerial planning and control using cost information in Great Britain and Brazil. This investigation was conducted in two stages entailing quantitative and qualitative techniques. The first stage was a survey involving managers of 26 NHS Trusts in Great Britain and 22 public hospitals in Brazil. The second stage consisted of interviews, 10 in Great Britain and 22 in Brazil, conducted in four selected hospitals, two in each country. This research builds on the literature by investigating the interaction of contingency theory and modes of governance in a cross-national study in terms of public hospitals. It further builds on the existing literature by measuring managerial dimensions related to cost information usefulness. The project unveils the practice involved in planning and control processes. It highlights important elements such as the use of predictive models and uncertainty reduction when planning. It uncovers the different mechanisms employed on control processes. It also depicts that planning and control within British hospitals are structured procedures and guided by overall goals. In contrast, planning and control processes in Brazilian hospitals are accidental, involving more ad hoc actions and a profusion of goals. The clinicians in British hospitals have been integrated into the management hierarchy. Their use of cost information in planning and control processes reflects this integration. However, in Brazil, clinicians have been shown to operate more independently and make little use of cost information but the potential signalled for cost information use is seen to be even greater than that of their British counterparts.
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Koch, Insa Lee. „Personalising the state : law, social welfare and politics on an English council estate“. Thesis, University of Oxford, 2012. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:4335c11c-c0a5-44dc-bd15-5bbbfe2fee6c.
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This dissertation offers a study of everyday relations between residents and the state on a post-industrial council estate in England. Drawing upon historical and ethnographic data, it analyses how, often under conditions of sustained exclusion, residents rely upon the state in their daily struggles for security and survival. My central ethnographic finding is that residents personalise the state alongside informal networks of support and care into a local sociality of reciprocity. This finding can be broken into three interconnected points. First, I argue that the reciprocal contract between citizens and the state emerged in the post-war years when the residents on the newly built estates negotiated their dependence upon the state by integrating it into their on-going social relations. A climate of relative material affluence, selective housing policies, and a paternalistic regime of housing management all created conditions which were conducive for this temporary union between residents and the state. Second, however, I argue that with the decline of industry and shifts towards neoliberal policies, residents increasingly struggle to hold the state accountable to its reciprocal obligations towards local people. This becomes manifest today both in the material neglect of council estates as well as in state officials' reluctance to become implicated in social relations with and between residents. Third, I argue that this failure on the part of the state to attend to residents' demands often has onerous effects on people's lives. It not only exacerbates residents' exposure to insecurity and threat, but is also experienced as a moral affront which generates larger narratives of abandonment and betrayal. Theoretically, this dissertation critically discusses and challenges contrasting portrayals of the state, and of state-citizen relations, in two bodies of literature. On the one hand, in much of the sociological and anthropological literature on working class communities, authors have adopted a community-centred approach which has depicted working class communities as self-contained entities against which the state emerges as a distant or hostile entity. I argue that such a portrayal is premised upon a romanticised view of working class communities which neglects the intimate presence of the state in everyday life. On the other hand, the theoretical literature on the British state has adopted a state-centred perspective which has seen the state as a renewed source of order and authority in disintegrating communities today. My suggestion is that this portrayal rests upon a pathologising view of social decline which fails to account for the persistence of informal social relations and the challenges that these pose to the state's authority from below. Finally, moving beyond the community-centred and state-centred perspectives, I argue for the need to adopt a middle ground which combines an understanding of the nature and workings of informal relations with an acknowledgement of the ubiquity of the state. Such an approach allows us to recognise that, far from being a hostile entity or, alternatively, an uncontested source of order, the state occupies shifting positions within an overarching sociality of reciprocity and its associated demands for alliances and divisions. I refer to such an approach as the personalisation of the state.
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El-Amir, Ayman M. Ragaa. „Retail brand management : towards modelling the grocery retailer brand from an ethnographic perspective“. Thesis, University of Stirling, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/9243.
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As producers of national and international brands, manufacturers and service providers were the focus of brand management literature. However, as retailers have become major players nationally and internationally, managing retailers as brands have become a major challenge. The retailer unique business nature, and managerial needs as well as its ever-changing business environment render managing the retail brand a unique and complex task. For the retail brand to embrace and adapt to its managerial challenges, a multitude of brand management approaches should be employed. However, when addressing retailers as brands, the retail management literature has failed to account for this multiplicity exposing a gap in the literature. To fill this gap, a communal retail brand management model is proposed to help retailers embrace and adapt to their various branding requirements inflicted by their business challenges. To build the model, a common core among the various approaches involved in managing retail brands should be identified so as to simplify, by forming a unified approach, yet maintain the essence of each approach. The holistic, humanitarian and managerial orientations of the concept of organizational culture identify it as the common core and thus act as the backbone on which the model will be built. Since the model will be built through cultural interpretation, the ethnographic tradition of qualitative inquiry is utilized because it provides an emic perspective, which is the best strategy (that consequently provides best tools) for interpreting cultures. Besides, the flexibility of the ethnographic tradition allows the adoption of other qualitative traditions of enquiry to aid in building the model. Thus, the case study tradition is employed to confine the study within the precincts of a single retail brand in order to conduct deep analysis for several stakeholders simultaneously. Additionally, the analytical technique of the grounded theory tradition is employed to capitalize on its systematic ability to form conceptual themes out of raw data that, ultimately, become the model's building blocks. In light of conducting a five-months participant observation study in two grocery stores of a leading supermarket brand in two countries (Sainsbury's stores in the UK and Egypt), the findings revealed that modelling the retail brand culture resembles, metaphorically, a tree. The culture symbols resemble the tree attractive leaves, the rituals & local heroes resemble the supportive trunk, and values resemble the roots that anchor in the soil, which, in turn, resembles the cultures in which the retailer operates. The thesis concludes that the Tree- Model is a road map that guides retailers to build and manage their brand identity and consequently enable them to embrace and adapt to the various branding requirements dictated by their business challenges.
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Baumast, Annett. „Environmental management systems and cultural differences : an explorative study of Germany, Great Britain, and Sweden“. [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2002. http://www.unisg.ch/www/edis.nsf/wwwDisplayIdentifier/2659/$FILE/dis2659.pdf.
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Atkinson, Dan. „Shipbuilding and timber management in the Royal Dockyards, 1750-1850 : an archaeological investigation of timber marks /“. St Andrews, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/472.
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Baumast, Annett [Verfasser]. „Environmental Management Systems and Cultural Differences : An Explorative Study of Germany, Great Britain and Sweden / Annett Baumast“. Aachen : Shaker, 2003. http://d-nb.info/1172611254/34.
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Deary, Holly Angela. „'Visions of wildness' : the place of (re)wilding in Scotland's uplands“. Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/11903.
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Notions of ‘wildness' are increasingly relevant to upland management discussions in the Scottish Highlands as several conservation-focused estates embrace a ‘wildland management ethos'. However, while a range of wildland conservation initiatives have embarked upon pathways towards ‘rewilding', this research demonstrates that, although members of this creative conservation movement are widely perceived to share a common vision, they prioritise markedly different wildland qualities. Through a series of triangulated phases, this research explores this ‘spectrum of wildness' and examines the conceptual coherence of wildland restoration discourses. Twenty semi-structured scoping interviews with key stakeholders associated with Scotland's wildest places provide the foundations for an adapted Delphi model, incorporating a Q-methodology study, which utilises insights from seventeen large upland land-holdings to interrogate the disparate discourses associated with Scotland's emergent wildland movement. A taxonomy of management approaches is presented based upon (i) different conceptions of ‘wildness', (ii) differing degrees of concern for ecological and cultural integrity, (iii) conflicting beliefs about the degree of management intervention appropriate and (iv) fundamentally divergent underlying environmental ideologies. A further twenty-three semi-structured interviews exploring wilderness restoration frameworks in the USA, New Zealand and parts of Europe provide an international perspective on Scotland's distinctive approach to wildland management and demonstrate the challenges of multi-dimensional wilderness frameworks which grow out of conflicting mandates; most notably, a critical faultline exists between restoring ‘wildness' (focussed on processes) and naturalness (focussed on endpoints). Given that practical tensions can arise from these different ideological perspectives, understanding and accommodating the social and cultural dimensions which shape multiple (re)wilding discourses is considered critical. As such, place-specific and endogenous social representations are called for, in which wild land is both a physical place and a cultural ideal, and in which (re)wilding comprises a heterogeneous mix of different wilds. This research also critically reflects upon how cultural landscapes with wild qualities present opportunities for rethinking the historical and cultural dimensions of established wilderness values. By exploring the framing of ‘wild' in Scotland's wildland initiatives, a postmodern wildlands narrative which negotiates the conceptual challenges of (re)wilding in a storied, cultural landscape is presented.
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Yudina, Svetlana Anatolievna. „Corporate governance in a Russian-British joint venture : a case study“. Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2015. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.709347.
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Al-Sarraf, Abdul-R. „Management education, training, and development in Great Britain : a case study of the Strathclyde MBA programme“. Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 1988. http://oleg.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=24933.
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The purpose of the present research was to evaluate the MBA programme offered at Strathclyde Business School to determine whether the MBA programme is designed to meet the needs of local industry or whether a 'mis-match' does in fact exists between industry and the MBA programme. By systematic evaluation of attitudes displayed within the student, employer, and academic communities. In general, the findings of this research clearly indicated that there is a perceived 'mis-match' between the industrial world and the MBA programme. The results of this research and the comments of the target group (business/industry) supported many other research studies that MBA programmes in general are characterised by lectures and academic theories, and therefore, are not suitable for the contemporary business organizations. Chapter 1 is a general introduction to the present research study. Chapter 2 examines the growth of formal management education and training in Great Britain, and attempts to describe the attitudes and opinions of British industry toward the formal management courses offered by various British colleges and universities, with special reference to the 1960s and beyond. Chapter 3 focuses mainly on discussing the 'mis-match' described by many writers between the MBA programme and British industry, and attempts to demonstrate how and why the MBA programme is unsuited to British industry. Chapter 4 focuses on five interviews with key administrators involved in the Strathclyde MBA programme since its inception. Each interview relates to a different time period. Chapters 5, 6, 7 and 8 are based upon an analysis of questionnaires that were distributed to the new (incoming) MBA students, MBA graduates, MBA staff, and business/industry. The questionnaires contain various questions related to individual experience with the MBA programme, and information on the attitudes, opinions, and recommendations of respondents. In addition, the various comments received from respondents were considered to be a valuable source of information for the analysis. Chapter 9 discusses in detail the 'mis-match' widely hinted at in the literature review (Chapters 2 and 3) between the MBA and the target group (business/industry). The evidence presented in this chapter centers around issues related to sponsorship and recruitment of MBAs, communication (relationships) between the business scnool and the industrial world, and the MBA curriculum including: course content, teaching methods and teachers. Chapter 10 presents a brief summary of the various findings discovered throughout the present research studies. In general, the findings clearly indicated that the present MBA programme needs to be closely studied and revised to meet the needs of business and industry. Recommendations for change and improvements in the MBA programme centered around a course content relevant to the real needs and requirements of tne local companies and organizations, teachers who are skilled at handling group dynamics and influencing the content of the discussion in the classroom, and a variety of teaching methods with active involvement of the student in the learning process. More important, as emphasized throughout this research study, a better communication process between the business school and the industrial world was clearly required and needed to eliminate the present 'mis-match' between the MBA training and the industrial world.
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McDonald, Robbie Andrew. „The effects of wildlife management on stoats Mustela erminea and weasels Mustela nivalis in Great Britain“. Thesis, University of Bristol, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.266977.
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Redpath, Nicola. „Restoration and management of wildflower-rich machair for the conservation of bumblebees“. Thesis, University of Stirling, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/3287.
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Over the last half century, the widespread decline of bumblebees across the agricultural landscapes of Western Europe and North America has been well documented. This decline has undoubtedly been driven to a large extent by the intensification of agriculture, which has fragmented landscapes and removed large areas of suitable foraging habitat, nesting and hibernation sites. Consequently, some of the rarest Bombus species now persist only in isolated pockets of semi-natural habitat, which have been subjected to little agricultural intensification. Of the 25 Bombus species native to the UK, three species have gone extinct in recent decades and several others are severely threatened. Remaining populations of the UK’s rarest bumblebee, Bombus distinguendus, have become strongly associated with florally-rich machair grassland habitats found only in the North and West of Scotland and Western Ireland. Machair, a unique habitat that forms on soils rich in shell sand, has been maintained by rotational agricultural practices implemented by crofters. However, recent changes in crofting practices, which include the intensive grazing of machair in some areas, or conversely the abandonment of machair management all together in others, have resulted in sections of machair that have become degraded and consequently exhibit low floral abundance and species diversity. This has significant implications for species such as B. distinguendus, which have for the most part come to rely of the florally-rich swards of machair grassland. This thesis aimed to develop a greater understanding of how machair grassland habitats are utilised by foraging bumblebees, including B. distinguendus, and in turn examined the potential for restoring degraded areas of machair via a variety of methods. The research presented here examines the influence of current crofting practices on the abundance of bumblebees and their forage plant species and combines this information with a detailed exploration of the machair seed bank and potential machair restoration treatments. The specific foraging requirements of B. distinguendus were found to be similar to those of other long-tongued bumblebee species and the provision of plants from the Fabaceae family was found to be of particular importance. Current crofting practices implemented in the North and West of Scotland were, on the whole, found support low numbers of foraging bumblebees. Similarly, existing habitat management schemes, designed to provide early cover for corncrakes and foraging resources for bumblebees, were found to be largely ineffective in attracting B. distinguendus, when compared with florally-rich machair habitat. In addition, this research suggests that the existing machair seed bank is unlikely to provide a sufficient resource for reinstating florally-rich habitat to degraded areas of machair. However, this thesis has demonstrated that it is possible to implement seed mixes on machair which can reinstate species typical of machair plant communities and which also attract high numbers of foraging bumblebees. The findings of these habitat assessments and restoration trials are examined in full in the following chapters and implications for the future management of wildflower-rich machair are discussed throughout.
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Bennett, Rob. „The management of road traffic in a rural county : Herefordshire 1919-1939“. Thesis, Coventry University, 2008. http://eprints.worc.ac.uk/583/.
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The period between the two World Wars, 1919 to 1939, saw a major expansion in the use of motor vehicles on the roads of Britain and a consequent increase in road accidents and fatalities. Studies of road transport in this period have concentrated largely on the expanding urban areas. Little detailed work has been completed in rural areas. This study goes some way to fill this gap in our knowledge. It will examine the rural county of Herefordshire where the use of motor vehicles did increase greatly, although not to the extent of the country as a whole. This thesis will address the management of the safety of road traffic which was exercised by the County Council in the inter war years. The heart of the study is the evaluation of the size of the problem and the efforts of the County Surveyor to improve the safety of the county road network. Increasing use of the road network was encouraged by the decline in use of the rail network. The A40 trunk road in the south of the county saw traffic increases of approximately one and a half times over the two decades. However the secondary roads such as the B4214 north of Bromyard saw much greater increase. Cars increased by six and three quarter times whilst lorries by the even larger margin of nine times over the two decades. The improvements carried out to the county road network consisted of road widening, rather than major road realignments. The County Council members were strongly resistant to the loss of agricultural land. However significant new improvements to the road surface were effected throughout the county albeit in short lengths. Four different types of road surface were tried. In fact the county was at the forefront of road surface development in this period. The County Surveyor’s preferred choice was a bitumen/stone mix laid cold which became the accepted solution for the country as a whole in the 1930s. The attitude adopted by the police force, essentially reactive, in the management of road safety will be examined. Whilst traffic volumes increased in the inter-war years there was no corresponding increase in the 1930s in the recorded number of fatal road accidents. The thesis will conclude with an assessment of the degree of public satisfaction with the efforts of the County Surveyor and the Chief Constable in maintaining a safe county road network in the inter-war years. The public, through the medium of the press and the County Council minutes, indicated that they considered that the efforts of the Surveyor and Chief Constable were acceptable.
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Butler, Michael James Richard. „The rise and rise of the new public management“. Thesis, University of Warwick, 2000. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/36395/.
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Since the 1970s a variety of changes have taken place in public service organisation and management. From the 1940s to the late 1970s the markets gave way to the state, in the 1980s and early 1990s the state almost gave way to the markets and at the turn of the century a Third Way is emerging characterised by public/private partnerships. In response to the variety of changes that have taken place, Hood (1991) made one of the first references to a new phrase, the 'New Public Management' (NPM), to label the changes. The central theme of this research is to characterise, map and explain the rise and rise of the NPM. This research overcame the central problem of the NPM — its characterisation, especially at the theoretical level of analysis. Different NPM typologies have arisen in which different NPM types may have taken on a 'spurious concreteness'. By this it is meant that scholars presuppose that the NPM exists and that their typologies have real meaning and empirical significance. This research has followed Barberis' (1998) advice and looked at the sharp end — the NPM in practice. This was achieved by the selection of a triple methodology which was applied to council housing management. The triple methodology refers to the selection of an appropriate research method at three levels of change, the macro (environment), meso (public service) and micro (organisation) levels. At the macro level the NPM and CCT literatures were reviewed, at the meso level two mapping studies were carried out and at the micro level case study work was conducted. CCT is linked to the NPM because it is one type of welfare privatisation (Wilson and Doig, 1995). Contained within the central theme of this research are five key issues: systematising NPM understanding, linking NPM characterisation to mapping and explaining NPM diffusion, improving understanding about quasi-market development, critically evaluating the NPM's impact and testing generalisability. The five key issues are significant because they conceptually, methodologically and empirically contribute to the development of public management. There are wider methodological and empirical contributions. Systematising NPM understanding is achieved by reviewing the NPM literature to conceptually classify existing NPM work. Linking NPM characterisation to mapping and explaining NPM diffusion is achieved through the methodological innovation of developing a NPM typology. The NPM typology is used to empirically reveal that the NPM exists and to map and explain variation in its diffusion. Variation is explained in terms of receptivity factors (Pettigrew, Ferlie and McKee, 1992). Improving understanding about quasi-market development is achieved by updating work on quasi-market emergence, the changing patterns of public service work and the challenge to accountability. A quasi-market is still emerging. There are cost reductions but at the price of worsening working conditions and the risk of reducing quality of service. Although there is political control and accountability at the organisation level, there is too much service user participation with too little effect. This empirical work critically evaluated the NPM's impact. Generalisability is evidenced by successfully applying the ideas generated in the NHS and education by Ferlie, Ashburner, Fitzgerald and Pettigrew (1996) to local authority housing.
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Cattell, Tracy Catherine. „The living language of stage management : an interpretative study of the history and development of professional stage management in the United Kingdom, 1567-1968“. Thesis, University of Warwick, 2015. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/70968/.
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Stage management is a professional, technical craft which is essential to the product of the professional British theatre. Yet with no dedicated academic study into its development and no published resources chronicling its history, stage managers of the present age have no means of accessing their professional heritage. As a profession committed to practising and preserving theatrical traditions within their daily activities, it is anomalous that its practitioners have not the means to explore and understand the roots of many aspects of their daily practice, and regrettable that scholarship has not access to an academic study of its evolution or the contextual catalysts for its development in order to inform the wider body of research into British theatre history. This study aims to address this complete absence of scholarship in the field by providing the first dedicated academic research into the development of professional stage management in Britain. It will draw upon the primary evidence of stage management documents such as prompt manuscripts and interpret them from the perspective of a professional practitioner, tracing the development of stage management from the support offered to the early modern companies of the Elizabethan age to the professionalisation and unionisation of stage management which emerged in the second half of the twentieth century. By so doing, this thesis constitutes an entirely original contribution to knowledge in relation to this important yet neglected aspect of the history of the British theatre, and will enable professional practitioners to access their professional heritage for the first time.
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McCall, Vikki. „The 'chalkface' of cultural services : exploring museum workers' perspectives on policy“. Thesis, University of Stirling, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/9798.
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The difficulties faced by services in the cultural sector have been immediate and challenging. Public services that are cultural in nature have faced funding cuts, closures and redundancies. Museum services are low in political importance and unable to provide clear evidence of their policy impact. Despite these challenges, there has been limited evidence about the policy process at ground-level. This thesis builds on theoretical and empirical ideas in social and cultural policy to present museum workers’ perspectives within a cultural theory framework. Following Lipsky’s (1980) work on street-level bureaucrats, this thesis presents an analysis of street-level workers’ roles in delivering social and cultural policy. Museum workers’ perspectives are presented through a series of case studies (drawing on qualitative interviews and observations) from three local-authority museum services in England, Scotland and Wales. The findings showed evidence that top-down cultural and social policies have had an influence on workers actions, but service-level workers’ understandings were central to the policy process. Museum workers actively shaped museum policy through ground-level interactions with visitors and groups. Workers experienced policy in the cultural sector as fragmented, vague and difficult to engage with at the ground-level. Workers mainly viewed policy as meaningless rhetoric. Despite this, those working at ground-level often utilised policy rhetoric effectively to gain funding and manipulate activities towards their own needs and interpretations. Policy evaluation was also fragmented and underdeveloped within the services studied. Workers found themselves under pressure to fulfil policy objectives but were unable to show how they did this. Furthermore, there was a perceived distance from managers and local authority structures. This allowed a space for workers to implement and shape policy towards their own professional and personal ideals. Vague policies and a lack of formal mechanisms for evaluation led to high levels of worker discretion at ground-level. Economic policy expectations were resisted by workers, who tended to have more egalitarian views. Museum workers effectively managed policy expectations through a mixture of discretion and policy manipulation. Delivery at the ground-level was seen as effective – despite, not because of, cultural sector policies.
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Quinn, Brian J. „Management, restructuring and industrial relations : organizational change within the United Kingdom broadcasting industry, 1979-2002“. Thesis, St Andrews, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/349.
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Chien, Hung-Ju. „Developing a digital nervous system for enhancing effectiveness of construction management and increasing commercial benefit in the UK construction industry“. Thesis, University of South Wales, 2003. https://pure.southwales.ac.uk/en/studentthesis/developing-a-digital-nervous-system-for-enhancing-effectiveness-of-construction-management-and-increasing-commercial-benefit-in-the-uk-construction-industry(eae650ad-778f-4873-ab37-e1717dbbd4bc).html.
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Information and Communication Technology (ICT) facilitates better communication within the construction industry and has the potential to change the industry beyond recognition. The aim of this research is to develop a theoretical Digital Nervous System (DNS) model for the UK construction industry to enable companies to improve their corporate business performance. To accomplish the aim of the research, the author conducted extensive secondary and primary data collection. Two primary research techniques were adopted to elicit data and information from respondents, these were; questionnaire surveys and structured interviews. A comprehensive review of secondary data was undertaken, this included a review of published literature, both in print and electronic format. A theoretical DNS model has been proposed by the author in this research. This DNS model is able to support and integrate the following functions: To manage inner-company operations more efficiently using Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) and Intranet technology. To use Extranets to improve communication with business partners by sharing up-to-date information. To exploit the potential of the Internet to increase interaction with the public, interest groups and potential clients. To create commercial benefits available to the construction industry through the use of e-Commerce. The potential benefits of utilising a DNS model for a construction organisation are significant. The possible improvements that can be attributed to adopting the DNS model proposed by the author of this research include: • Reduction in an organisation's costs and construction time. • Improved profits. • Reduction in defects and waste. • Increase in productivity and client satisfaction.
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Kaussler, Bernd. „Defending the "Satanic Verses" : constructive engagement : British-Iranian relations and the right to freedom of expression (1989-2004) /“. Thesis, St Andrews, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/538.
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Skelcher, Christopher Kefford. „The governance and management of public services : an analysis of three rationalities“. Thesis, University of Birmingham, 1998. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/3936/.
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The search for enhanced rationality in the governance and management of UK public services is an enduring theme of reform programmes. Three modes of rationality had a significant impact during the period 1977-1997: the rationality of disengagement, which suggests that there are benefits to be derived from the governance of public services by boards of appointed individuals operating at arm's-length to the democratic process; the rationality of integration, which concerns the advantages to be gained from the development of interrelationships between agencies around particular public policy objectives; and the rationality of congruence, which stresses the need for local authorities' policies and service delivery processes to reflect the views and preferences of their communities. The origins and characteristics of these three themes are examined and their effect on public services assessed. Together, they have produced a significant transformation of the management and governance of UK public services. The analysis suggests that, at a macro level, the underlying problems of governance and management each rationality seeks to address recycles over a period of time. Reform strategies materialise through a 'garbage-can' model in which current problems are attached to the prevailing fashionable solutions. However, there is also a developmental process in operation. The intersection of the three rationalities offers an agenda for future research.
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Matthews, Jean Isabel. „Power, management and complexity in the NHS : a Foucauldian perspective“. Thesis, University of South Wales, 2009. https://pure.southwales.ac.uk/en/studentthesis/power-management-and-complexity-in-the-nhs(bb92809f-944d-4bfd-8502-7ffd0791a35a).html.
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This thesis is a critical and post-structural exploration of the discourse of managerialism in the NHS secondary care sector in Wales. Its central intent is to destabilise the dominant thinking about NHS management practice and to evoke intellectual debate about alternative discourses of management that ontologically perceive the organisation as a complex adaptive human system. The emergent theoretical framework conjoins the discipline of Complexity with post-structural conjecture, posing a novel conceptualisation of a fractal self where relations of power are seen as essential for harmonising diverse influences and legitimising a local discourse that informs and regulates practice. Using Foucault’s insights on power and knowledge the thesis critiques the strategic nature of NHS discourse, exposing the discursive dominance of managerialism and its inherent relations of power and debates what this predicates for a local negotiation and a flexible, safe and innovative environment. The methodological approach employs a reflexive and micro-level interpretative strategy to emphasise the singularity of agents and to explore the way in which the discursive constitution of the self influences agent practice. My profound experience of the secondary care system requires I situate my self reflexively within the context where I explore and liberate my own voice in conjunction with my participants. The research adopts a biographical narrative method of data collection and uses Foucauldian discourse analysis as a framework for exploring the underlying discourse in agent stories. The findings demonstrate the polyphonic nature of the secondary care context and reveal the demonstrate the polyphonic nature of the secondary care context and reveal the diverse ways in which agents legitimise, negotiate or resist the conflicting truth claims of various discourse in order to strategically sustain an image of health care historically constituted in their self. The results portray a web of discourses that endorse conformity or complicity through oppressive mechanisms of disciplinary control and surveillance, perpetuating authoritative and dualist structures, dissipating relations of trust and removing intellectual thinking from the front-line. The conclusion asserts that this significantly jeopardises the ability of agents to legitimise local ‘discourse’, severely limiting their capacity for adaptive practice and the generation of new order.
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Hawthorne, Kamila. „Overcoming cross-cultural differences in diabetes management : making diabetes health education relevant to a British South Asian community“. Thesis, University of Manchester, 1997. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.674726.
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Kozak, Zenobia. „Promoting the past, preserving the future : British university heritage collections and identity marketing“. Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/408.
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Collections of tangible heritage and material culture found in university museums present both challenges and opportunities for their parent institutions. The identification and recognition of objects and collections of material ‘heritage’ proves difficult to universities, due to the formation and utilisation of their collections. Although each university possesses a history of varied content, length and significance, the rich heritage collections kept by universities remain undefined and largely unknown. This thesis addresses new and changing roles for university museums and collections, focusing on the issues surrounding heritage. What purpose does an institutional collection of academic heritage serve beyond preserving or representing the history of a university? Using data collected during the field research programme and two case studies (University of St Andrews and University of Liverpool) the thesis explores the definition and role of heritage in the university. Through the exploration of these topics, the thesis provides a new model for university collecting institutions based on the concept of ‘university heritage’ and ‘institutional identity’, encompassing collections ranging from subject-specific departmental teaching collections to commemorative collections of fine art. By utilising these once undefined and underappreciated collections, universities can use the heritage objects and material culture representative of their academic history and traditions as institutional promotion to potential students, staff and funding bodies.
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Lilley, Martin Keith Shane. „The life history of jellyfish in UK waters : abundance, behaviour and role in fisheries“. Thesis, Swansea University, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.678672.
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Cook, Elaine D. „The challenges of leading the attainment agenda : framing the role and practices of the new Secondary Headteacher“. Thesis, University of Stirling, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/22251.
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Scottish institutions within the educational networks, including Government, local authorities, and schools, are entangled in performative activities dedicated to improvements in student attainment. Secondary school performance in Scotland is measured nationally predominantly by the number and level of national qualifications achieved. The thesis makes the case that this attainment agenda places enormous pressures on Headteachers to ensure student outcomes are maximised and that the culture of performativity is a major factor in shaping the roles and practices of Headteachers. The study is based on four new secondary school Headteachers in a single Scottish local authority. It is through an examination of their work practices that the formation of subjectivities within a range of power relations and discursive regimes are explored. Performativity and accountability influence the role and actions of the Headteacher in many ways which are unanticipated. There is an ongoing power struggle engendered by the pressures and controls imposed on new Headteachers which modify and discipline their behaviours. In this thesis, a case study methodology is employed and the concepts of Michel Foucault are applied to provide an alternative means of understanding the practices of Headteachers. A Foucauldian approach also provides a different perspective on the problematic conceptualisation of school leadership. The aim of this study is to make a research-based contribution to our understanding of the complexities and competing priorities negotiated by new Headteachers. The research evidences the dominance of the attainment agenda on the lived lives of the new Headteachers. This study should enable the development of additional ways to assist with Headteacher preparation and the provision of improved support in the early years of Headship.
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Kilfedder, Catherine J. „An interactional model of occupational stress in health service employees“. Thesis, University of Stirling, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/21835.
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This large scale study (869 participants from a mental health Trust) employed a questionnaire based on an interactional model of occupational stress to investigate (i) burnout in psychiatric nurses, (ii) occupational stress in medics and the professions allied to medicine, (iii) job satisfaction in health service management and support staff, and (iv) the moderating effect of social support in health service personnel. A range of analytic procedures were used including hierarchical regression analysis. Levels of burnout in nurses were low overall, although a significant proportion reported higher levels of emotional exhaustion. Among nurses, negative affectivity and predictability acted as common factors across the three constructs of the burnout syndrome. Medics and professions allied to medicine (P.AM. 's) reported similar levels of stressors to each other. Role ambiguity, role conflict and predictability, in combination with negative affectivity, accounted for most of the reported work related stressors of medics and P.AM. 's. Levels of job satisfaction in management and support staff was on a par with their peers elsewhere. Role ambiguity, role conflict, job future ambiguity, control and non-occupational concerns had an influence on job satisfaction among management and support staff. A significant proportion of nurses, medics and P.AM.'s reported low levels of work support. Those most at risk in this regard appeared to be highly educated, community based, non-shift workers. Higher levels of support were associated with increased job satisfaction and lower levels of both emotional exhaustion and psychological distress. The model adopted in the present study, although not necessarily applicable to all occupational groups, had utility in understanding the complex relationships between variables in this population from a mental health Trust. Despite common themes emerging across occupational groups, clear differences were also apparent, reinforcing the need for tailor-made interventions in occupational stress. The results also highlighted the necessity of including individual characteristics and nonoccupational stressors in any consideration of occupational stress. Further recommendations for each occupational group and the NHS in general are discussed.
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Saffell, Caroline. „Values, value, risk, and satisfaction as antecedents to continue in farming with specific reference to farming in Great Britain“. Thesis, Kingston University, 2007. http://eprints.kingston.ac.uk/20878/.
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This study concerns ‘value’ and how this leads to the ‘decision’ of whether to stay in farming, or to exit the industry. Most of the research into the ‘value’ of farming is based upon the quantitative economic evaluation of either farmland income or production modelling. This study proposes that there is additional ‘value’ beyond the income received. ‘Value’ is deemed to be ‘customer perceived value’ (‘value’) on the basis that farmers are considered to be consumers of the system of farming within a professional environment. Farming is a “way of life” and this is the first study that investigates whether the ‘personal values’ (‘values’) of farmers effect the ‘value’ they perceive from farming as suggested by Schoon and Te Grontenhuis (2000). This study investigates the relationship between ‘values, value, risk, satisfaction and decision’. The research model posits that ‘values’ (each one separately) impacts on the formation of ‘value’ (which is treated as a higher-order construct of the benefits [“get”] and sacrifices [“give”] components, each of which comprises a number of dimensions), ‘risk’ (also conceptualised as a higher-order construct) impacts on ‘value’ and ‘decision’, ‘value’ is a determinant of ‘satisfaction’ which in tum affects ‘decision’ of whether or not to remain in farming, The competing model although it maintains the above structure treats the two ‘value’ components as separate constructs (that is, tests for differential impact of ‘value’ and ‘risk’ on the “get” and “give” components and for the differential impact of these two components on ‘satisfaction’). The relationships between the constructs were tested via data collected from a postal and internet survey sent to farmers within Great Britain. The empirical investigation involved the use of Partial Least Squares (structural equation modelling). Examination of the solutions obtained for the research and competing model led to the adoption of the latter because of is greater sensitivity and analytical clarity. Overall, the findings confirm the relevance of ‘perceived value’ in a person's decision to remain within a given professional domain. Specifically, the following contributions to extant knowledge are made: • The differential behaviour of the two ‘value’ components (i.e., “give” and “get”) indicates that ‘value’ should not be conceptualised and consequently examined as a unidimensional higher-order construct. Instead each of the ‘value’ components should be free to relate to other constructs. • The research has confirmed the link between personal ‘values’ and value. However, the form of this relationship is considered to be context specific (i.e., in this study only Self Direction, Tradition and Benevolence were found to be a significant determinant of the ‘value’ components). • Risk has been found to impact significantly only on the “give” component of ‘value’. • Of the two components, only the “get” to satisfaction relationship was supported. This implies that the benefits received rather than the “give/sacrifices” made are the main driver of personal satisfaction with the chosen professional domain (in this case farming). • As expected the satisfaction to decision to remain in the chosen profession relationship has been confirmed. Based on the above policy suggestions are put forward regarding actions that could engender farmer's satisfaction with their profession and consequently ensure continuation with their chosen profession.
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Heijltjes, Maria Gertrudis. „Organizational fit or failure competitive environments, generic and specific strategies in Great Britain and the Netherlands /“. Maastricht : Maastricht : Universitaire Pers Maastricht ; University Library, Maastricht University [Host], 1995. http://arno.unimaas.nl/show.cgi?fid=8345.
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Chan, Wai-man, und 陳偉文. „The control and management of dangerous substances and chemicals in Hong Kong“. Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1998. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31253945.
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Flahault, Michel. „Britain and the Falkland Islands crisis, 1982 : an analysis of crisis decision-making“. Thesis, McGill University, 1987. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=63938.
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Schweitzer, Reinhard. „The micro-management of migrant irregularity and its control : a qualitative study of the intersection of public service provision with immigration enforcement in London and Barcelona“. Thesis, University of Sussex, 2018. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/75606/.
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What happens in institutions like schools or hospitals when local service provision overlaps with the control of national borders? Such overlap is unavoidable if unlawful residents are to be excluded from mainstream public services. With this explicit aim, governments not only modify the rules and established practices of welfare provision, but also encourage the people who administer and deliver these services to incorporate the logic of immigration control into their everyday work. To identify and better understand the concrete mechanisms that either help or hinder such internalisation of immigration control, this study systematically compares three spheres of service provision – healthcare, education and social assistance – across two distinctive legal-political environments: Barcelona/Spain and London/UK. Looking at official policies as well as their implementation, it primarily draws on a total of almost 90 semi-structured interviews with irregular residents, providers and administrators of local services, and representatives of NGOs and local government. Its innovative analytical framework helps to map and explain the significant variation in how immigration control works within different institutions and how individual actors occupying key positions in these can reproduce, contest, or readjust formal structures of inclusion and exclusion. While the way in which national – but also sub-national – governments frame and address irregular migration plays an important role, certain sectors of welfare provision and some categories of ‘street-level-bureaucrats' are generally more likely to internalise immigration control than others. This reflects different degrees of professionalisation and individual discretion, but also attachment to different institutional logics and objectives. Drawing on organisation theory, the study also traces institutional responses to these external demands, which are key to understand the varying degrees of internal resistance. The thesis offers an original and empirically grounded perspective on the consequences and inherent limitations of internalised control and contributes to general debates on the effectiveness of immigration policy.
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Pieczka, Magda. „Promotional work : the case of public relations consultancy in the UK, 1995-2000“. Thesis, University of Stirling, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/3245.
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This thesis is about public relations as an occupation and a business. The study is focused on investigating the nature of the expertise utilised in public relations, ways in which it is exploited commercially, and the consequences such practices have for the occupational group and its economic existence. The theoretical framework for this thesis combines insights from the sociology of the professions, studies of cultural/creative professions, Bourdieu's approach to the study of cultural practices, and critical examination of professional services, such as management consultancy. In empirical terms, the thesis combines a range of data and analytical approaches. The key part of the thesis is a model of public relations expertise derived from an analysis of participant observation of professional training. Its component parts are identified as: picture of the world; conceptual frame; and working knowledge, which in turn is composed of problems, tools and truths. The thesis also offers a narrative analysis of competition case studies, a particular genre of practitionars accounts of their own work, leading to the conclusion that their role is to show practitioners how to make sense of the immediate experience of work within a more abstract and ordered professional framework. A range of secondary data on the industry and the labour force are reanalysed to show how expertise is transformed into a commodity that can be priced and sold. The transformation involves an understanding of demand and supply dynamics for PR services. Finally, through the analysis of routine practices, the thesis draws attention to the occupation's "split personality" - two coexisting yet contradictory ways in which practitioners think about public relations - and pursues it at the level of the group's strategies designed to counteract the weaknessess resulting from this unsettled identity.
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Hassan, Sherif Mahmoud. „Evaluation of the local air quality management process in Great Britain in its second round of review and assessment“. Thesis, University of the West of England, Bristol, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.429693.
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Senior, Clive Richard. „Strategic and tactical management of advanced manufacturing systems : a survey of British industry“. Thesis, University of Stirling, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/21899.
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British manufacturing Abstraot Companies have been slower to automate their facilities, and computerise their information systems, than many of their overseas competitors in Europe, North America and Japan. Initially, this research studied advanced manufacturing technology, (AMT), systems theory, the UK economy and investigated the underlying reasons for and against company' s decisions to automate. Automating procedures were studied for a sample of 20 Engineering companies with particular attention paid to their; systemic approach to implementing AMT, inter-business activity communications, individual company strategies, operational tactics, and implications from previous installations. This information was supported by questionnaires targeted at UK design engineers' and equipment suppliers. Interviews with Trade Unions, financial institutions, professional institutions and Government, were also arranged. The research found that correctly implemented AMT, with the optimum balance of flexibility and complexity, improved businesses' competitiveness, although many operational efficiencies could be attained merely by rationalising existing systems. When a company implements AMT it is critical that they synchronise the equipment with additional complementary systems and manufacturing resources. However, every company has their own unique solutions due to the historical evolution of factory facilities, product ranges and employee skills. The restrictive practices adopted the financial accountants and many of the Trade Union were found to restrain the rate of implementation for AMT and the move towards total integrated businesses. The research analysis yielded a ten point model for the strategic and tactical management of advanced manufacturing systems. Finally, the work concludes by identifying "accounting systems", and procedures for "designing for manufacture", as areas which deserve further investigation.
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Wang, Fang. „Local assessment of needs for consumer information and advice services in Great Britain : the development of a scientific conceptual model of assessment“. Thesis, Queen Margaret University, 2010. https://eresearch.qmu.ac.uk/handle/20.500.12289/7319.
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UK consumers are facing a high level of detriment. Much of the detriment can be avoided or reduced by making consumers informed and well equipped with suitable levels of knowledge and skills thus become empowered. As one important element to consumer empowerment, there is a strong case that consumers need suitable consumer information and advice services (CIAS). In an attempt to improve the local CIAS provision in Great Britain, the Consumer Support Network (CSN) initiative was launched in 1999 to join up the existing local CIAS providers. A local CIAS needs assessment was required for each CSN to achieve full establishment status (Brennan and Galloway 2002). It was discovered during the period that there was a lack of a scientific local CIAS needs assessment model available for local agencies to employ. This triggered this research project which is aimed to fill this gap. Due to the fact that Northern Ireland was not included in the CSN initiative, it was decided that this research targeted Great Britain, namely England, Scotland and Wales, although the literature would be drawn from the UK to inform the research. In the UK, the majority of CIAS is publicly funded and provided by public and voluntary sectors. Due to the funding nature of local CIAS provision, the needs for CIAS can be defined as needs for public services in this research. A review of the existing literature provided detailed background on the UK consumer landscape and the consumer empowerment agenda. Two broader categories of issues surrounding the concept of needs for public services and needs assessment were also identified: the theoretical debate on needs for public services and needs assessment and specific practical issues concerning local CIAS needs and needs assessment. The research is focused on the latter, since the purpose of a local CIAS needs assessment is to provide practical guidance to assist local agencies to design and improve their services. This research aims to investigate and develop a scientific conceptual local CIAS needs assessment model. This aim was achieved by identifying the relevant practical issues surrounding local CIAS needs and needs assessment involving two research populations: the CIAS professionals, who are responsible for the delivery of local CIAS, and the general public, who are the recipients of CIAS. Due to the characteristics of these two research populations, a combination of qualitative and quantitative research methods was chosen in this research. The CSN coordinators were chosen to represent the CIAS professionals in the first phase qualitative research. The transcriptions of 18 semi structured in-depth interviews were collected and analysed to generate the initial assessment model. The important part of the initial model, the needs for CIAS and its components, was tested and then modified in the second phase quantitative research based on the analysis of the data collected from 585 on-street questionnaire surveys of the general public in Great Britain which was chosen as the research population in the second phase. A purposive sampling was employed to ensure a good level of representativeness considering the resource constrains to this research. The employment of combined research methods ensures the assessment model is scientific by comparing and contrasting data from both local CIAS professionals and the recipients of local CIAS. The scientific attribute of the assessment model is also assured by employing scientific qualitative and quantitative data collecting and analysing techniques and procedures. The results of the two phases enabled this research to produce a scientific conceptual assessment model. The main product of this thesis, the new local CIAS needs assessment model, is evidence based, tailor-made, and ready to be employed by local CIAS agencies. This model consists of two sections, left and right: the needs assessment process and the practical issues of local CIAS needs. The left section includes the main stages of a local CIAS needs assessment and highlights the key issues associated with each stage. The right section illustrates the key components of CIAS needs and factors influencing CIAS needs: consumer knowledge and shopping patterns and their key components. The two effective means of local consumer segmentation, consumer disadvantage and consumer age, are also identified and illustrated in the section. The scientific CIAS assessment model could assist the professionals to gather evidence on local CIAS needs more effectively and systematically. The evidence could be used to improve the existing CIAS provision and design new CIAS to target any unmet needs identified. The evidence gathered, together with the relevant findings of this research, could also strengthen the case of local CIAS provision and better coordination with national CIAS provision such as Consumer Direct. The model could also benefit the professionals, policy makers and academia by comprehensively illustrating the components of CIAS need, the key relating factors and effective means for local consumer segmentation. The outcomes of the research also shed a light on the gaps in the literature thus identifies the possible areas of future research.
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Evans, Alastair. „Labour management vs welfare work : an investigation into the origins and development of personnel management ideas and practices in Britain from 1890-1939“. Thesis, University of West London, 2003. https://repository.uwl.ac.uk/id/eprint/379/.
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The aim of this research is to make contributions to knowledge in two areas: first, to explore from an historical perspective the development of personnel management ideas and practices in Britain in the period from 1890 to 1939 (a task which hitherto has not been satisfactorily undertaken) and secondly to assess the implications of the findings to current theoretical frameworks. Very little research has been undertaken into the historical development of personnel management in Britain, in contrast to the United States where anumber of such studies have been published. The main exception is a published history of the professional institute published by MM Niven in 1967. Whilst providing useful insights, its main concerns were with the internal affairs of the institute, not with the development of ideas and practices. Niven traces the development of the institute from its origins in an association of welfare workers established in 1913 and since it stands as the only historical account of historical development in personnel management in Britain, it has been universally cited as the single authority on the subject, together with its main thesis that personnel management in Britain has its origins solely in welfare work. It was a minimally explained, but potentially significant event in the institute’s history that provided the stimulus for this research. Niven recounts that the institute changed its name to the Institute of Labour Management in 1931,suggesting that welfare work had undergone some ‘restyling’ around this time. Significantly, Niven recounts that so called ‘labour managers’were predominantly male, whilst welfare workers were predominantly female. From this, it was hypothesised that labour managers might have entirely separate origins from those engaged in welfare work and if so, this might call into question the sole origins of British personnel management in welfare work. Thus, the thesis has been concerned with a search for the origins of the so called ‘labour management’ movement in Britain, the existence of which has not hitherto been commented upon or even recognised. Drawing from contemporary texts, contemporary journals broadly concerned with the topic of management and case material drawn from company archives,the research endeavours to show that labour management did indeed have entirely separate origins, evolving from works management before 1914,through a ‘labour officer’ role with particular involvement in industrial relations during the First World War, to that of a fully fledged functional labour management specialism in the inter-war years promulgating ideas and practices strongly influenced by scientific management. Moreover, the research will endeavour to show that it was this set of ideas and practices that laid the foundations of modern personnel work, whilst the contributions of welfare workers to this remained minimal, leaving only the legacy of today’s professional institute and an ongoing debate which persists to the present time about what role, if any, employee welfare should play in contemporary human resource management.
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Nellikka, Puthussery Pushyarag. „The internationalization of British and Indian small and medium-sized enterprises : a comparative study“. Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2012. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/3492/.
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The objective of this research is to address the need for empirical evidence on how and why British and Indian SMEs engage in and sustain mutual business relationships, and to contribute to theory development. It focuses on their internationalization strategies, and the potential relevance of psychic distance, social capital and learning. A mixed qualitative and quantitative methodology is employed to study the internationalization of British companies to India and vice-versa. The views of both British and Indian SME entrepreneurs were obtained for this purpose. The empirical investigation proceeded through two stages. The first stage consisted of qualitative exploratory research among the managers of 30 British companies and their partners in India. The second stage of the study involved a survey of 100 British SMEs and 100 Indian SMEs. The findings show that SMEs entrepreneurs tend to rely heavily on network support. However, despite their personal networks and use of advanced communication technologies, some entrepreneurs could not cope with the complex institutional features of foreign markets. We also observed that national differences are of considerable relevance for SME internationalization. We conclude that a distinct theory of SME internationalization is required and offer some suggestions to that end based on the research findings.