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Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Period of Marginalization“
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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "Period of Marginalization"
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Travis, Hannibal. „Missions, Minorities, and the Motherland: Xenophobic Narratives of an Ottoman Christian “Stab in the Back”“. International Journal of Middle East Studies 54, Nr. 3 (August 2022): 559–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020743822000721.
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This roundtable focuses on the marginalization of ethnicities or religious denominations within Middle East studies, and in the larger realm of history writing. Without a nation–state of their own to preserve their language and history, the Assyrian people and the Church of the East denomination of Christianity fell subject to repression in Turkey, only recently finding a voice. Marginalization in history books and educational curricula is one symptom of broken treaty commitments and lack of equal access to state institutions and funds. In our century, marginalization has given way to something perhaps even worse: vilification and expulsion even from countries outside of Turkey where the Assyrians reside, during a neo-Ottoman period in which parts of Iraq and Syria came to more closely resemble Turkey, a resemblance that included the presence of Turkish arms.
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Smith, Barbara Tyree, und Grace Goc Karp. „Adapting to Marginalization in a Middle School Physical Education Class“. Journal of Teaching in Physical Education 16, Nr. 1 (Oktober 1996): 30–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jtpe.16.1.30.
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This qualitative study explored how students adapt to marginalization in a seventh-grade middle school physical education class in the Pacific North-west. The study’s focus included how marginalized students were excluded within the class and how students, identified as marginalized, adapted to exclusion or temporary acceptance. Marginalized students were those who were unable to be accepted into or remain in a group for a period of time (approximately one week). Data were collected through 60 field observations, over a 14-week time period. Informal and formal interviews were conducted with teachers and students. Three boys and 2 girls were identified as marginalized within the physical education class. Formation of groups and strategies used to exclude marginalized students were found to greatly influence how students became initially marginalized. Once marginalized, students rarely changed their status, although a few were able to use strategies that reduced their status temporarily.
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Ramírez-Tirado, Laura Alejandra, Cesar Enrique Uribe-Ortíz, Oscar Arrieta und Laura L. Tirado-Gómez. „Lung cancer mortality and municipal marginalization in Mexico, 1998-2016“. Salud Pública de México 61, Nr. 3, may-jun (07.06.2019): 249. http://dx.doi.org/10.21149/10083.
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Objective. To analyze the mortality trend of lung cancer (LC) in Mexico, according to the municipality marginalization index (MMI) by age group and sex, during the period 1998-2016. Materials and methods. The information on mortality, population and MMI was obtained from the National Institute of Statistics and Geography (INEGI) and the National Council of Population (Conapo). The adjusted LC mortality rate trends were analyzed using the joinpoint regression analysis. A total of 126 132 deaths were included. Results. The adjusted LC mortality rate decreased from 7.83 to 4.97 100 000 inhabitants during the period from 1998-2016, but the decrease was found to be less in women and in areas with very high marginalization. Conclusions. Unequal reduction in LC mortality according to the degree of marginalization are related to early diagnosis, timely treatment and inequity in medical services. This inequity affects mainly the populations of women, highly marginalized groups and older populations.
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Priyanka, P., und T. Sekar. „Double Marginalization and Power Politics in Premchand’s Thakur’s Well“. Shanlax International Journal of English 11, Nr. 1 (01.12.2022): 78–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.34293/english.v11i1.5308.
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Munshi Premchand, the pen name of Dhanpat Rai Srivastav was an Indian writer famous for his writings in modern Hindustani Literature. He was known to be a founding father of social-based fiction in Hindi and Urdu. His writings were about socio-economic conflict that prevailed in Indian Subcontinent during his period. This paper focuses on double marginalization and power politics that exist in Premchand’s Thakur’s Well. Marginalization is a theory about an individual or a group of people who were pushed to the edge and ignored or relegated by dominated aristocratic individual or group. It also discussed how the female protogonist doubly marginalized based on Caste-based discrimination and gender bias that dwell in India. Power Politic is a term used to describe the people of higher classs and financially well-to-do people superintendence over vulnerable and proletariat people. The terms double marginalization and power politics has a unique and vital accommodation in this story Premchand’s Thakur’s Well.
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Kwahulé, Koffi, und Judith G. Miller. „Masquerade for the Wounded“. TDR/The Drama Review 60, Nr. 3 (September 2016): 10–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/dram_a_00569.
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Koffi Kwahulé’s Masquerade for the Wounded performs the trauma and marginalization of women who have been raped during a period of civil war. A short commentary accompanies the play, which has been translated from the French.
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Rotenberg, Martin, Andrew Tuck, Kelly Anderson und Kwame McKenzie. „S131. NEIGHBOURHOOD-LEVEL SOCIAL CAPITAL, MARGINALIZATION, AND THE INCIDENCE OF PSYCHOTIC DISORDERS IN TORONTO, CANADA: A RETROSPECTIVE POPULATION-BASED COHORT STUDY“. Schizophrenia Bulletin 46, Supplement_1 (April 2020): S85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbaa031.197.
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Abstract Background Previous studies have shown mixed results regarding the relationship between social capital and the risk of developing a psychotic disorder, and this has yet to be studied in North America. This study aims to examine the relationship between neighbourhood-level social capital, marginalization, and the incidence of psychotic disorders in Toronto, Canada. Methods A retrospective cohort of people aged 14 to 40 years residing in Toronto, Canada in 1999 (followed to 2008) was constructed from population-based health administrative data. Incident cases of schizophrenia spectrum psychotic disorders were identified using a validated algorithm. Voter participation rates in a municipal election were used as a proxy neighbourhood-level indicator of social capital. Exposure to neighbourhood-level marginalization was obtained from the Ontario Marginalization Index. Poisson regression models adjusting for age and sex were used to calculate incidence rate ratios (IRR) for each social capital quintiles and marginalization quintile. Results In the study cohort (n = 640,000) over the 10-year follow-up period, we identified 4,841 incident cases of schizophrenia spectrum psychotic disorders. We observed elevated rates of psychotic disorders in areas with the highest levels (IRR = 1.13, 95% CI 1.00–1.27) and moderate levels (IRR = 1.23, 95% CI 1.12–1.36) of social capital, when compared to areas with the lowest levels of social capital, after adjusting for neighbourhood-level indicators of marginalization. The risk associated with social capital was not present when analyzed in only the females in the cohort. All neighbourhood marginalization indicators, other than ethnic concentration, were significantly associated with risk. Discussion The risk of developing a psychotic disorder in Toronto, Canada is associated with socioenvironmental exposures. Social capital is associated with risk, however, the impact of social capital on risk differs by sex and social capital quintile. Across the entire cohort, exposure to all neighbourhood-level marginalization indicators, except ethnic concentration, impacts risk. Future research should examine how known individual-level risk factors, including immigration, ethnicity, and family history of a mental disorder may interact with these findings.
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Charrad, Mounira M. „Central and Local Patrimonialism“. ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 636, Nr. 1 (22.06.2011): 49–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0002716211401825.
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How useful is the concept of patrimonialism to analyze state formation and political dynamics in postcolonial nation-states? Using Tunisia, Morocco, and Iraq during critical periods of state-building following the end of colonial rule, the author considers this question. The purpose of the article is to build on Max Weber by exploring how patrimonialism operates in kin-based social contexts where power on the basis of kinship ties is exerted not only by a central authority but also by leaders of local communities organized along lines of real or fictive kinship—as was the case in the three countries in the period under examination. Suggesting that Weber undertheorized the way in which central authority relates to local collectivities in his analysis of patrimonialism, the author identifies three patterns in the strategies used by central power toward local patrimonial networks: marginalization, integration, and shifts between marginalization and integration. The article argues that central patrimonialism can be accommodated with all three strategies directed toward local patrimonialism.
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van den Boogert, Maurits H. „Written Proof Between Capitulations and Ottoman Kadi Courts in the Early Modern Period“. Turkish Historical Review 12, Nr. 1 (28.06.2021): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18775462-bja10018.
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Abstract The introduction of legal reforms in the sixteenth century that gave the Hanafi school its central place in the Ottoman legal system coincided with the arrival of new trade partners from the West, first France and later England and the Dutch Republic. The Ottoman authorities’ own emphasis on the primacy of written proof and the marginalization of oral testimony was also reflected in the privileges granted to these new arrivals from the West. Although many European ambassadors and consuls distrusted “Turkish justice”, the Ottoman legal system’s stability and predictability contributed considerably to creating favourable conditions of trade.
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Cervantes, Claudio Alberto Dávila, und Marcela Agudelo Botero. „Average years of life lost due to breast and cervical cancer and the association with the marginalization index in Mexico in 2000 and 2010“. Cadernos de Saúde Pública 30, Nr. 5 (Mai 2014): 1093–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0102-311x00113813.
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The objective of this study was to calculate average years of life lost due to breast and cervical cancer in Mexico in 2000 and 2010. Data on mortality in women aged between 20 and 84 years was obtained from the National Institute for Statistics and Geography. Age-specific mortality rates and average years of life lost, which is an estimate of the number of years that a person would have lived if he or she had not died prematurely, were estimated for both diseases. Data was disaggregated into five-year age groups and socioeconomic status based on the 2010 marginalization index obtained from the National Population Council. A decrease in average years of life lost due to cervical cancer (37.4%) and an increase in average years of life lost due breast cancer (8.9%) was observed during the period studied. Average years of life lost due to cervical cancer was greater among women living in areas with a high marginalization index, while average years of life lost due to breast cancer was greater in women from areas with a low marginalization index.
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Seigel, Micol. „Cocoliche's Romp: Fun with Nationalism at Argentina's Carnival“. TDR/The Drama Review 44, Nr. 2 (Juni 2000): 56–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/10542040051058708.
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In the early 1900s, during a period of massive European immigration, amid a rising tide of restrictions against workers, unions, and anarchists, as well as the violent marginalization of indigenous and Afro-Argentines, Carnival was the arena for negotiating still-fluid national identity-boundaries.
Dissertationen zum Thema "Period of Marginalization"
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Madsen, Diana. „Relation between Crime and Immigration in the Nordic countries : A Narrative Literature Review on the period of 2015-2020“. Thesis, Malmö universitet, Institutionen för kriminologi (KR), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-43957.
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The period 2015-2020 has remained limitless in terms of missing data on crime and immigration in the Nordic countries, starting from the number of irregular and undocumented migrants and asylum seekers, continuing with the underrepresented immigrant statistics in crime. This paper consists of a complex understanding of immigration processes across the Nordic region, establishing narrow themes associated with crime and immigration. The findings of this paper presented five essential links to the criminality among the immigrant population in the Nordic countries during 2015-2020, that were compiled from the majority of the current available studies in this research field. At this point, the paper represents official data from the Nordic countries and a narrow literature review of recent studies, which depicted immigrants as more often suspected of crimes compared to the ethnic populations, assuming that it could have established a false social identity of an individual with foreign background. The reason of that supposition is explained by the findings on migrants to be overrepresented in crime, biased “immigrant beliefs” and yet evident immigrant labelling.
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Bala, Babulal. „Congress in the politics of West Bengal : from dominance to marginality (1947-1977)“. Thesis, University of North Bengal, 2017. http://ir.nbu.ac.in/handle/123456789/2809.
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Boje, John. The Aftermath of War. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252039560.003.0008.
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This chapter examines the aftermath of the South African War, focusing on the period from the conclusion of peace, when Lord (Horatio) Kitchener shook hands with the Boer delegates and pledged, “We are good friends now,” to the establishment of the National Party with anti-British and anti-black bias. The chapter begins with a discussion of the postwar reconstruction, the reintegration of hendsoppers (surrendered Boers) and joiners, and the consolidation of Afrikaners’ national identity. It then considers the role of the Dutch Reformed Church in rebuilding community, along with the political resurgence of the adversaries of “protected burghers” in the Free State. It also looks at the 1914 rebellion that articulated a republican protest against the modernizing state. Finally, it highlights the postwar trauma suffered by blacks, their political marginalization, and the establishment of the African National Congress (ANC).
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Mertus, Julie. Global Governance and Feminist Activism. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190846626.013.203.
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Competing narratives exist in feminist scholarship about the successes and challenges of women’s activism in a globalized world. Some scholars view globalization as merely another form of imperialism, whereby a particular tradition—white, Eurocentric, and Western—has sought to establish itself as the only legitimate tradition; (re)colonization of the Third World; and/or the continuation of “a process of corporate global economic, ideological, and cultural marginalization across nation-states.” On the other hand, proponents of globalization see opportunity in “the proliferation of transnational spaces for political engagement” and promise in “the related surge in the number and impact of social movements and nongovernmental organizations. Feminist involvement in global governance can be understood by appreciating the context and origins of the chosen for advancing feminist interests in governance, which have changed over time. First wave feminism, describing a long period of feminist activity during the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, developed vibrant networks seeking to develop strong coalitions, generate broad public consensus, and improve the status of women in society. Second wave feminist concerns dominated the many international conferences of the 1990s, influencing the dominant agenda, the problems identified and discussed, the advocacy tactics employed, and the controversies generated. Third wave feminism focused more on consciousness raising and coalition building across causes and identities.
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Eichbauer, Melodie H., Hrsg. A Cultural History of Genocide in the Middle Ages. Bloomsbury Publishing Plc, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9781350034761.
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The period covered by this volume, roughly 800-1400, considers genocidal massacres and actions within the context of the pre-modern state, a time when the term “genocide” did not yet exist. In considering rhetoric, discrimination, and political and legal marginalization that impacted the lives of particular peoples, the volume takes as its premise that genocidal practices and massacres can occur when social dynamism and political change challenges the identity of a community. The case studies analysed in the individual chapters implicitly or explicitly draw upon the frameworks of comparative genocide scholars to explore genocidal massacres in the Middle Ages as localized phenomenon, even if these isolated outbursts do not graph onto the modern definition of genocide perfectly. Each contribution considers genocide as caused by settling national, religious, and ethnic differences; genocide as designed to enforce or fulfil an ideology; and genocide as designed to colonize. Collectively the essays move beyond the number of people killed to consider the steps taken against a people to erase them from the social and cultural fabric of society. It is hoped that this volume encourages us to think both about the legal structures of genocide but also about how the term can be more inclusive and expansive.
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Wangui, Edna. Adaptation to Current and Future Climate in Pastoral Communities Across Africa. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190228620.013.604.
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Pastoralists around the world are exposed to climate change and increasing climate variability. Various downscaled regional climate models in Africa support community reports of rising temperatures as well as changes in the seasonality of rainfall and drought. In addition to climate, pastoralists have faced a second exposure to unsupportive policy environments. Dating back to the colonial period, a lack of knowledge about pastoralism and a systemic marginalization of pastoral communities influenced the size and nature of government investments in pastoral lands. National governments prioritized farming communities and failed to pay adequate attention to drylands and pastoral communities. The limited government interventions that occurred were often inconsistent with contemporary realities of pastoralism and pastoral communities. These included attempts at sedentarization and modernization, and in other ways changing the priorities and practices of pastoral communities.The survival of pastoral communities in Africa in the context of this double exposure has been a focus for scholars, development practitioners, as well as national governments in recent years. Scholars initially drew attention to pastoralists’ drought-coping strategies, and later examined the multiple ways in which pastoralists manage risk and exploit unpredictability. It has been learned that pastoralists are rational land managers whose experience with variable climate has equipped them with the skills needed for adaptation. Pastoralists follow several identifiable adaptation paths, including diversification and modification of their herds and herding strategies; adoption of livelihood activities that did not previously play a permanent role; and a conscious decision to train the next generation for nonpastoral livelihoods. Ongoing government interventions around climate change still prioritize cropping over herding. Sometimes, such nationally supported adaptation plans can undermine community-based adaptation practices, autonomously evolving within pastoral communities. Successful adaptation hinges on recognition of the value of autonomous adaptation and careful integration of such adaptation with national plans.
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Bussel, Robert. “A Planned Social Revolution”. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252039492.003.0010.
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This chapter examines how Harold Gibbons and Ernest Calloway embarked on implementing their vision of total person unionism. As second-in-command at Teamsters, Gibbons now had access to a national audience. In St. Louis, Calloway had solidified his reputation as a gifted strategist and envisioned new possibilities for a community bargaining table where African Americans could sit as equals with the city's power brokers. However, both men experienced a growing sense of marginalization as social ferment bubbled. After the McClellan Committee hearings, the Teamsters became a suspect institution. This chapter discusses how Gibbons's ambitions repeatedly became entangled in charges of corruption during his five-year tenure as Jimmy Hoffa's executive assistant at Teamsters, along with his resignation from his post due to differences with Hoffa. It also considers Calloway's conflict with William Clay over whose vision would guide the political strategy of African Americans in St. Louis, as well as his growing marginalization within the black freedom struggle.
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Thomas, Shenique S., und Johnna Christian. Betwixt and Between. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198810087.003.0018.
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This chapter draws from a qualitative study of incarcerated men to investigate the social processes and interactions between both correctional authorities and family members that inform their sense of belonging and legitimacy. It reveals that prison visitation rooms present a complex environment in which incarcerated men have access to discreet periods of visibility and relevance to their family members and the broader community. There are, however, several precarious aspects to these processes. The family members who are central to enhancing men’s visibility and legitimacy are primarily women from economically disadvantaged, racial, and ethnic minority groups, resulting in their own marginalization, which is compounded within prison spaces. By illuminating both the challenges and opportunities of familial connections, this chapter informs a social justice framework for understanding the experiences of both incarcerated men and their family members.
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Vaccaro, Annemarie, Gerri August und Megan S. Kennedy. Safe Spaces. ABC-CLIO, LLC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798216010593.
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Based on extensive research, recent events, and numerous first-person accounts, this revealing book illuminates both the challenges and triumphs of lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender youth, and offers effective strategies for combating LGBT marginalization in our nation's schools and communities. Safe Spaces: Making Schools and Communities Welcoming to LGBT Youth is the first book to offer a comprehensive view of the complex lives of LGBT youth of all ages, from kindergarten through college. Drawing on a wealth of research collected from first-person accounts of students, family, educators, and community members, the authors not only chronicle the struggles of LGBT youth but also describe models of inclusive school and community environments. The authors address the breadth of experiences of LGBT youth—in and out of the classroom, at home and in the community, and in personal interactions with allies and antagonists. They also reveal how these young people, their friends and families, teachers, and dedicated allies stem the tide of LGBT exclusion. Most important, Safe Spaces offers action steps for readers who want to make their own homes, schools, and communities safe and welcoming spaces for LGBT youth.
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Bidadanure, Juliana Uhuru. Justice Across Ages. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198792185.001.0001.
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Justice Across Ages is a book about how we should respond to inequalities between people at different stages of their lives. Age structures our social institutions, relationships, obligations, and entitlements. There is an age for voting, an age for working, and an age when one is expected (and sometimes required) to retire. Each stage of life also corresponds to specific forms of social risks and vulnerabilities. As a result, inequalities between age groups and generations are numerous and multidimensional. And yet, political theorists have spared little time thinking about how we should respond to these disparities. Are they akin to those patterned on gender or race? Or is there something relevantly distinctive about them that mitigates the need for concern? These questions and others are answered in this book and a theory of justice between co-existing generations is proposed. Age structures our lives and societies. It shapes social institutions, roles, and relationships, as well as how we assign obligations and entitlements within them. There is an age for schooling, an age for voting, an age for working, and an age when one is expected (and sometimes required) to retire. Each life-stage also brings its characteristic opportunities and vulnerabilities, which spawn multidimensional inequalities between young and old. How should we respond to these age-related inequalities? Are they unfair in the same way that gender or racial inequalities often are? Or is there something distinctive about age that should mitigate ethical concern? Justice Across Ages addresses these and related questions, offering an ambitious theory of justice between age groups. Written at the intersection of philosophy and public policy, the book sets forth ethical principles to guide a fair distribution of goods like jobs, healthcare, income, and political power among persons at different stages of their life. Drawing on a range of practical cases, the book deploys normative tools to distinguish objectionable instances of inequalities from acceptable ones and in so doing, critically assesses a range of policy remedies. At a time where young people are starkly under-represented in legislatures and subject to disproportionally high unemployment rates, the book moves from foundational theory to the specific policy reforms needed today. As moral and political philosophers have noted, it can be tempting to assume that age-based inequalities are morally trouble free, since over the course of a complete life, a person moves through each age groups. Yet, Justice Across Ages argues that we should resist this assumption. In particular, we should regard with suspicion commonplace and widely tolerated forms of age-based social hierarchy, such as the infantilization of young adults and older citizens, the political marginalization of teenagers and young adults, the exploitation of young workers through precarious contracts and unpaid internships, and the spatial segregation of elderly persons. If we ever are to live in a society where people are treated as equals, we must pay vigilant attention to how age membership can alter our social standing. This position carries important implications for how we should think about the political and moral value of equality, design our social and political institutions, and conduct ourselves in a range of contexts that includes families, workplaces, and schools.
Buchteile zum Thema "Period of Marginalization"
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Mukwada, Geofrey, und Sarudzai Mutana. „Surviving the Limits Imposed by a Changing Climate: The Case of Urban Drought and Water Supply Sustainability in Phuthaditjhaba“. In Sustainable Development Goals Series, 75–89. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-15773-8_6.
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AbstractIn urban environments, sustainable access to water resources depends on many factors, including climatic, social and economic conditions characterizing the surrounding environment. For urban areas in mountain environments these conditions are compounded by stressors resulting from climate change, such as drought, as well as physical remoteness, economic marginalization and poverty, phenomena which impose limits on access to water. Based on Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 1, 6 and 13, which were part of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development adopted by UN member states in 2015, in this paper we assess the impact of urban drought on water security in the mountain city of Phuthaditjhaba, South Africa. World Meteorological Organization - Time Series (4.04) climate (precipitation and maximum temperature) data for Phuthaditjhaba were analysed for trends for the period between 1960 and 2019. Trends of Standardized Precipitation Index values and Maximum Temperatures were used to determine how climate change has affected Phuthaditjhaba’s sources of water supply, namely the Fika Patso and Metsimatsho dams. A sample of Landsat images from the same period was used to determine how the two water bodies have responded to the change over time. The results indicate that the two reservoirs have shrunk due to climate change induced drought, thus worsening water insecurity in the city. The results also indicate that mean annual stream discharge is projected to decrease by 39% for the 2016–2045 period. Lastly, based on government reports on water shortages in Phuthaditjhaba and other secondary sources, the results also indicate that though 90% of Phuthaditjhaba’s population has access to potable water, only 55% of the residents have access to reliable water supply. We conclude that without urgent government intervention the future of the livelihoods of the poor majority of Phuthaditjhaba’s residents will remain bleak due to dwindling water resources, making SDG 6, and those influenced by it, unattainable.
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Gomes, Rayane Nayara Alves, Héllen Maria Santos Costa, Maria Gabriele Leal dos Santos, Vitória Graziela de Lima Mourão und Joana Palmila Barros Castro. „Marginalization of individuals with Tourette's syndrome“. In Harmony of Knowledge: Exploring Interdisciplinary Synergie. Seven Editora, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.56238/sevened2023.006-144.
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Tourette syndrome is a neurodevelopmental disorder that manifests as tics and stereotypies. This condition affects the motor system, generating irregular forms that cause social, academic, and professional harm. The objective of this article is to present how Tourette's syndrome directly and indirectly affects the individual's relationship with society and the consequences. The studies were carried out in the Scielo and Google Scholar databases, using as inclusion criteria articles published in the period from 2015 to 2022, in the Portuguese language, with studies carried out in Brazil and as exclusion criteria, articles from other languages and which did not have connection with the theme. It was concluded that the practice of self-medication is still very recurrent among people and can bring health risks, it was observed that the main risks of self-medication are drug interactions, adverse effects caused by prolonged use and inadequate use of medications, and therefore physical and psychological tolerance and dependence.
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Harmer, Emily. „Women in Political News: Representation and Marginalization“. In Women, media and elections, 1–20. Policy Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781529204940.003.0001.
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This chapter explains the books objectives: firstly, to present a systematic quantitative and qualitative analysis of the mediated portrayal of women in UK election coverage over a one-hundred-year period. Secondly, to argue that to avoid providing a partial account of changes in election coverage over time, scholars need to account for gendered biases and differences in reporting. The chapter sets out how political representation and mediated representations are connected. It then discusses how women have been politically marginalised in institutions and the media. The chapter then explains why studying gender is important to understand the development of election news. The chapter also includes methodological details of the empirical research ends with a brief overview of the different chapters.
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House, Jim, und Neil Macmaster. „The Marginalization of 17 October 1961(1961–1968)“. In Paris 1961: Algerians, State Terror, and Memory, 242–64. Oxford University PressOxford, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199247257.003.0012.
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Abstract This chapter discusses further key developments that contributed to the political marginalization of the October events. To do so, we need to extend the time-scale after October 1961 to include the five-month period of greater anti-fascist unity on the left separating 17 October from Charonne (8 February 1962). This allows for a clearer understanding of the context in which the Charonne killings—and the reactions to them—took place, and a firmer assessment of the markedly more significant protests after Charonne than after 17 October. The analysis then follows the impact of the decision by the Communist left to commemorate Charonne, a politically charged investment that further eclipsed the visibility of 17 October, giving the two events very different afterlives.
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Gutfreund, Hanoch, und Jürgen Renn. „Beyond the Formative Years“. In The Formative Years of Relativity. Princeton University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691174631.003.0013.
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This chapter offers an outlook on the further transformations of Einstein's theory after the formative years. Following this period, the theory underwent a process of marginalization within the field of physics. Jean Eisenstaedt characterized these years as the “low-water-mark” period, lasting until the 1950s. During this period, most physicists considered general relativity as a highly formalistic theory, providing only small corrections to the Newtonian picture. Only a limited number of theoretical physicists worked on the theory while the majority focused on the development of quantum theory, which had much stronger connections with experimental activities and possible technological applications. And even those research projects concerned with general relativity during the low-water-mark period often aimed at moving beyond general relativity and in any case had few connections to empirical investigations.
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Voltmer, Katrin, und Christiane Eilders. „The Media Agenda: The Marginalization and Domestication of Europe“. In Germany, Europe, and the Politics of Constraint. British Academy, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.5871/bacad/9780197262955.003.0009.
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This chapter investigates whether the assumption that the media contribute to the communication deficit of the EU is reflected in the empirical pattern of political coverage. In particular, it explores the extent to which German media take a Europeanized perspective on political affairs and whether or not they promote the politics of European integration. The study is based on a content analysis of the editorials of German national quality newspapers covering the period between 1994 and 1998. The findings show that the media under study devote only a very small portion of their attention to European issues, thus marginalizing Europe to an extent that is not warranted by the significance of the European level of governance. If the media do focus on European issues, they predominantly address them in terms of national politics, which is interpreted as a ‘domestication’ of Europe in public discourse. At the same time, the media unanimously support the idea of European integration. This pattern of communicating Europe reflects the élite consensus on European matters in Germany and may have contributed to the alienation of the general public from European politics.
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Stjernholm, Emil. „Mobility and Marginalization: Arne Sucksdorff’s Documentary Authorship in India and Brazil“. In Nordic Film Cultures and Cinemas of Elsewhere, 67–75. Edinburgh University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474438056.003.0005.
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This chapter studies the Swedish documentary filmmaker Arne Sucksdorff’s work in India and Brazil by mapping the production and circulation of The Flute and the Arrow (1957) and My Home is Copacabana (1965). The former film represented a growing interest not only from international documentary filmmakers and experts in India but also the Nehru administration’s desire to both formally and informally support foreign filmmakers’ ventures in the country. Furthermore, Sucksdorff’s film bears traces of the expository documentary mode and a naturalist, anti-modernist sentiment. Alienated by the Swedish film establishment, he moved to Brazil, teaching film production for UNESCO and mentoring filmmakers who later became key figures in the Brazilian New Wave “Cinema Novo.” He also directed in Rio de Janeiro the documentary drama My Home is Copacabana (1965), thus occupying a privileged position within Brazilian film culture during an important transformative period.
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Sapiro, Gisèle. „Forces of Solidarity and Logics of Exclusion“. In Being Contemporary, 144–61. Liverpool University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.5949/liverpool/9781781382639.003.0010.
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‘Forces of Solidarity and Logics of Exclusion: The Role of Literary Institutions in Times of Crisis’, written by Gisèle Sapiro, assesses the marginalization of writers from literary institutions under the Vichy regime due to their Jewish origins or political opinions. In her essay, Sapiro gestures more broadly to an understanding of mechanisms of exclusion in times of crisis, thus asserting that a study of the Vichy period has much to teach us in terms of identity construction today, and that attention to ‘the history of representations and of institutions is the only way to explore our collective unconscious.’
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Ramadan, Yasmine. „Re-imagining the Rural: The Mystical and the Mythical“. In Space in Modern Egyptian Fiction, 116–53. Edinburgh University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474427647.003.0004.
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Chapter Three centers around works by Abd al-Hakim Qasim, Yahya Taher Abdullah, and Yusuf al-Qaid. Here we move to the villages of the Delta and Upper Egypt, the latter appearing in Egyptian novels for the first time. These novels are read in opposition to the social realist works of the previous generation, with their concentration upon the countryside as the space of revolutionary struggle and political mobilization. The rural here is transformed into a space of suffering and degradation, in which the villagers struggle to contend with the difficulties of their daily life. The village is thus represented as mystical and mythical space, with the writers employing literary techniques from fantastic literature and magical realism, in order to represent the ongoing marginalization of the Egyptian village and its separation from the rest of the nation. These works of fiction are situated within the broader socio-economic context of the period, particularly Abdel Nasser’s agricultural reforms begun in the 1950s. The failure of the policies is reflected in the literary output of the generation, who grappled to come to terms with the continued marginalization and exclusion of the Egyptian village.
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Yartey Enos, Juliana, Richard Dickson Amoako, Samuel Kweku Enos, Beatrice Hayford und Edem Magdalene Tette. „Perspective Chapter: Challenges to Postnatal Care in Sub-Saharan Africa – A Review“. In Contemporary Challenges in Postnatal Care. IntechOpen, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.113846.
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The postnatal period remains the most at-risk period for the mother-infant dyad. Most maternal and neonatal deaths occur in the immediate postnatal period, contributing to the greatest burden of child mortality. Appropriate care for mothers and newborns during this critical period is essential to improve their survival. However, access to quality care during this period remains a challenge, especially in resource-limited settings. This chapter examines challenges to postnatal care (PNC) in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), drawing on existing evidence. A comprehensive review of critically appraised literature was undertaken. The findings indicate suboptimal uptake of PNC, resulting in high maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality in the postnatal period. Challenges to the delivery of quality PNC include poor healthcare infrastructure and access to basic health services, and underlying structural determinants such as widespread poverty, illiteracy, harmful cultural practices, marginalization of women, and inadequate political will by governments. These challenges underscore the need for intensified efforts to improve PNC in the region. Innovative approaches to increasing demand and reaching mothers with PNC services within communities are critically needed to improve access and utilization of PNC in SSA, improve maternal and child health outcomes, and contribute to achieving the sustainable development goals in 2030.
Konferenzberichte zum Thema "Period of Marginalization"
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Baró Zarzo, José Luis, Daphné Grosselin Calvignac und Laurent Debailleux. „Integration of rural architectural heritage: The case of the alquerías in northern Valencia“. In 3rd Valencia International Biennial of Research in Architecture, VIBRArch. València: Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/vibrarch2022.2022.15233.
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This work deals with the conservation and integration of the so-called “alquerías”, the traditional rural houses scattered in the historical agricultural landscape of the Huerta de Valencia, which has been surrounding this Spanish city for centuries. The first alquerías were built during the Medieval Muslim period, for farming and housing purposes. Their uses have been evolving throughout history, following the agriculture and cultural changes, thus resulting in a great diversity of shapes, sizes and types. Today, these buildings are considered as an important part of the local heritage of Valencia, testifying of the traditional way of life and construction. However, the urban growth and modern lifestyle have not been always respectful towards the alquerías: many of them have been demolished to make way for new neighborhoods. Others have been sadly abandoned and left in a state of ruin. Cases of absorption have experienced unequal situations, from forced accommodation to full integration. In general, the remaining alquerías are threatened and require protection actions, as well as a quality integration to the urban fabric in order to prevent their deterioration, marginalization and even destruction.This research work consists in an analytical study of the alquerías of four northern districts of Valencia –Benicalap, Rascanya, La Saïdia and Benimaclet– aiming at providing an insight of the current situation regarding the issue of rural heritage integrated into urban fabrics. General conclusions will be extracted from a statistical study of the collected data, and highlights will be given to the good practices’ cases as potential solutions for the future integration projects.
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Kalajanović, Snežana. „PROCES PRIVATIZACIJE I ZAPOSLENI (PRAVA I SLOBODE)“. In Razvoj i unapređenje institucije ombudsmana u funkciji zaštite ljudskih prava. University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Law, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/ruio23.107k.
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The process of transition in Serbia has entered its third decade. Transition implies a break with the former economic pattern and appropriate to it institutional environment, i.e. the transition from one form of economic and social system (non- market or insufficiently market and totalitarian, i.e. populist) into another, completely different system (market and democratic). The privatization process is an important aspect of the transition of the economy from the public to the private sector. The paper focuses on the position and rights of employees during the privatization process and the consequences that privatization can have on the employees of companies that are being privatized, but also on the economy and the market in general. The paper lists the basic models of privatization, with an emphasis on the period after 2000. The most common causes and reasons for employee strikes were analyzed middle classes before, during and after the privatization of the company. The role is indicated unions in privatization and new forms of organizing dissatisfied strikers and participants in public protests. The paper will provide an insight into the negative outcomes of privatization according to the issue of employee rights, but also to show the positive effects not only for employees in privatized companies bur also more widely. The most important negative effects of privatization in Serbia could be reduced to the following:massive loss of jobs, increasing prevalence of precarious work, growth unemployment and poverty of citizens, marginalization of the importance and role of trade unions organizing. The faster the privatization, the more ineffective the strikes became. The positive effects are generally less numerous than the negative ones, but not the same negligible and represent novelties characteristic of a market-oriented society and pursuit of profit.
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Roy, Sylvie. „Politics of French in Canada: Reminiscence of Past European History with a New Twist“. In GLOCAL Conference on Mediterranean and European Linguistic Anthropology Linguistic Anthropology 2022. The GLOCAL Unit, SOAS University of London, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.47298/comela22.6-2.
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Languages in Canada, especially French, continue to reflect the history and power domination of its European origins. French is one of the official languages of Canada, but is also a minority language for some of its communities outside of the province of Québec, which is situated in Eastern Canada. It is protected by strong ideological and political influence, and by law. In this paper, I would like to reflect on how historical, cultural, and social aspects of French are reproduced and also on how transnational fluidity and multilingual practices are deconstructing or unbounding the idea of how French is seen in one Canadian province: Alberta. This Western Province has a strong conservative base and still has issue with French being an official language, a reminiscence of the past. Drawing on my work (Roy 2020), I take a sociolinguistic for change perspective, where historical and social understandings allow for critical view of ideologies and social change. I also examine and investigate social processes (e.g., social categorization, marginalization, etc.), and how ideologies can impact as well as impede processes of social identity construction and socialization into language pedagogies. In addition, I employ Pennycook and Makoni’s (2020) idea that, as researchers, we will self-reflect and be open to adopt a dialectic and multiple perspectives on the data collected. My data arises from longitudinal and sociolinguistic ethnographic studies in Alberta over a period of 15 years. Here, I interviewed participants (students, parents, administrators, teachers) in schools, particularly French immersion schools, as well as outside schools, in order to locate discourses related to French, where those discourses come from, and the long-term effects of those discourses, particularly for those learning French. I also include new data collected with multilingual students learning French. By looking at new discourses from multilingual youth learning French, and by observing their repertoires, I can demonstrate how the ‘old’ can be unbounded by youth’s everyday practices.
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Oprea, Daniela. „School Effects of Attachment Break in Context of Economic Migration of Parents“. In ATEE 2020 - Winter Conference. Teacher Education for Promoting Well-Being in School. LUMEN Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18662/lumproc/atee2020/23.
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Romania is going through a period of economic transition, subject to the pressures of globalization that affect the evolution of the family, at the micro social level, structurally, from the behaviour and relational point of view. The continuous process of changes in the labour market, the inefficiency of the association between vocational training and job satisfaction, the financial difficulties felt by most families but also the challenge of modernity have emphasized the phenomenon of migration in the last decade. The departure of parents who have to work abroad has become a worrying phenomenon with a higher incidence in the eastern half of the country. It has got complex effects on the evolution of the family, especially on the children left at home with one of their parents or their tutors. Nowadays, the studies show more and more situations of neglect in which children become victims and suffer emotionally and physically. They also suffer various abuses, they are exploited through work or sex. In schools, there is a new profile of special educational requirements (not deficiencies), the profile of children left at home without parental support. It is worrying the migration phenomenon seen as a value model by the young generation and its negative effects at school level: decrease of motivation for learning or school abandonment. The present study discusses a review of the current scientific literature objectively, which examines the impact of breaking attachment relationships between children and parents on socio-emotional development and school outcomes. The Romanian society knows an important socio-economic phenomenon, which has grown since 1990: migration. In 2017, a study carried out at the request of the Romanian Government recorded more than 85,000 children left home alone with one of the parents or without parental supervision. We aim to analyse what effects at school and socio-emotional level have the loss of attachment ties having as moderators the gender of the migrant parent, the duration of the separation, the age at which the separation occurs. When these relationships are interrupted, the child’s emotional development is affected, his emotional balance having repercussions in his social life. The purpose of this study is to identify, monitor the dimensions of the phenomenon in intensely affected areas (Braila and Galati counties), the psycho-pedagogical aspects of children with migrant parents exposed to situations of vulnerability, marginalization and to propose a program of educational strategies in order to optimize school motivation. The main objective of the research is to identify, evaluate and involve them into adaptive actions that have as their objective the rebalancing of the socio-affective relations
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Dissanayake, Achala K. „An Analysis of the Representation of Epilepsy in Pramod Rathnayake’s Short Film Natta (2019)“. In SLIIT International Conference on Advancements in Sciences and Humanities 2023. Faculty of Humanities and Sciences, SLIIT, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54389/rrns5790.
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This study explores the representation of epilepsy in the Sri Lankan short film Natta (2019) by Pramod Rathnayake. Epilepsy is a neurological disease that may lead to unconsciousness. Epilepsy is also a disability. A disability is distinguished from an illness in that the former is understood as created due to socio-cultural factors that could lead to marginalization of individuals with certain medical conditions. Although the condition of epilepsy has been understood and analyzed from a medical perspective, the human experience of epilepsy has not received much attention, especially in Sri Lanka. In this context, the short film Natta fulfills the role of portraying the day to-day experiences of an individual with epilepsy named Samantha, from the first-person point of view. The film visually represents some symptoms of epilepsy and sheds light on how superstitious beliefs and misinformation about this condition hinder Samantha from successfully medically controlling his epilepsy. The impact of epilepsy on an individual’s employment opportunities and ability to drive a vehicle too are highlighted in the short film. While these are the strengths of the short film, Natta equates the epilepsy condition in a person to something inherently wrong or lacking in a person. Also, the film ignores the social stigmatization of epilepsy patients and indirectly blames people with epilepsy for marginalizing themselves. Finally, through the portrayal of the character of Sugandika, Samantha’s wife, the short film fails to acknowledge the role that family members or informal caregivers play in the process of looking after patients with epilepsy. Therefore, based on this content analysis of Pramod Rathnayake’s short film, it could be concluded that similar short films would be helpful in giving voice to the daily, personal experiences of people with epilepsy. However, such representations should not avoid blaming patients with epilepsy for their condition and social isolation but should be understanding and inclusive of the social pressure and stigmatization encountered by people with epilepsy.