Zeitschriftenartikel: „Performance standards Measurement“

1

Methven, Patricia J. „Performance measurement and standards“. Journal of the Society of Archivists 11, Nr. 3 (Juli 1990): 78–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00379819009511633.

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2

Koss, Richard G., Linda S. Hanold und Jerod M. Loeb. „Integrating Healthcare Standards and Performance Measurement“. Disease Management and Health Outcomes 10, Nr. 2 (2002): 81–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00115677-200210020-00002.

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3

Phusavat, Kongkiti, Pugdee Manaves und Josu Takala. „Proposed model for performance measurement standards“. International Journal of Services and Standards 3, Nr. 3 (2007): 326. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijss.2007.013753.

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4

Zigon, Jack. „Team Performance Measurement: A Process for Creating Team Performance Standards“. Compensation & Benefits Review 29, Nr. 1 (Januar 1997): 38–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/088636879702900106.

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5

Halverson, Paul K. „Performance Measurement and Performance Standards: Old Wine in New Bottles“. Journal of Public Health Management and Practice 6, Nr. 5 (2000): vi—x. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00124784-200006050-00002.

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6

Linn, Robert L. „Performance Assessment: Policy Promises and Technical Measurement Standards“. Educational Researcher 23, Nr. 9 (Dezember 1994): 4–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3102/0013189x023009004.

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7

Jitendra, Asha K., Danielle N. Dupuis und Anne F. Zaslofsky. „Curriculum-Based Measurement and Standards-Based Mathematics“. Learning Disability Quarterly 37, Nr. 4 (02.01.2014): 241–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0731948713516766.

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This purpose of this study was to examine the reliability and validity of a curriculum-based measure of word problem solving (CBM-WPS) as an indicator of performance and progress in a sample of 136 third-grade students at risk for mathematics difficulties (MDs) instructed in a standards-based mathematics curriculum. Students completed the CBM-WPS measure every 2 weeks across 12 school weeks. Results indicated that the CBM-WPS measure was reliable and significantly correlated with measures of arithmetic WPS, number combinations fluency, and a standardized test of mathematics achievement. Results of growth modeling indicated that students showed significant growth on the CBM-WPS measure, with an average increase of 0.33 problems correct per week. Additional analyses revealed that students identified as high at-risk demonstrated similar growth as students identified as low at-risk. Furthermore, the CBM-WPS growth slopes were a significant predictor of students’ spring performance on a standardized test of mathematics achievement, demonstrating their predictive validity. Implications for practice and future research for assessing mathematics skill development are discussed.

8

Peyton, Ronald D. „Setting Performance-Measurement Standards for the Consultant Industry—Part II“. ICFA Continuing Education Series 1989, Nr. 3 (Januar 1989): 71–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.2469/cp.v1989.n3.10.

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9

Higgins, Catherine A. „Setting Performance-Measurement Standards for the Consultant Industry—Part I“. ICFA Continuing Education Series 1989, Nr. 3 (Januar 1989): 68–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.2469/cp.v1989.n3.9.

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10

Pongjirawut, Siripong, Wasaporn Techapeeraparnich und Waranon Dilokkhunanan. „A comparative study of performance measurement standards of railway operator“. MATEC Web of Conferences 138 (2017): 07014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201713807014.

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11

Vara Lakshmi, R. S. R. „Measurement of College Library Performance: An Evaluative Study with Standards“. International Information & Library Review 35, Nr. 1 (März 2003): 19–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10572317.2003.10762591.

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12

Manes Rossi, Francesca, und Natalia Aversano. „Advancing performance measurement“. International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management 64, Nr. 1 (12.01.2015): 76–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijppm-07-2013-0134.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to analyse the implementation of performance measurement tools by medium-to-large size Italian Local Governments (ILGs) with the aim of establishing their position in comparison with the content of the International Public Sector Accounting Standards Board’s (IPSASB’s) Consultation Paper (CP) on Reporting Service Performance Information and the points of views of other countries. Design/methodology/approach – A survey of all ILGs with more than 50,000 inhabitants has been carried out with the objective of evaluating which kind of performance management tools are implemented; moreover, these results are compared with the content of the IPSASB’s CP to evaluate the role of this guide as well as the main differences between the IPSASB’s approach and the current situation in Italy. Findings – Data collected highlight that several performance measurement tools required by law are generally prepared in ILGs even if a limited use of them for decision-making or accountability purposes occurs. Moreover, in accordance with the opinions of the countries that submitted letters of comment to IPSASB’s CP, Italian results reveal that information on the scope of the service performance information, on the entity’s objectives and their achievement, including a narrative discussion of this achievement, are perceived as relevant. Originality/value – The research investigates the future development of the CP by analyzing the points of view of the countries that submitted letters of comments to IPSASB. It also examines whether the current Italian situation is in line with the IPSASB’s position.

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Mauer, Barbara J., Marlene Mason und Bruce Brown. „Application of Quality Measurement and Performance Standards to Public Health Systems“. Journal of Public Health Management and Practice 10, Nr. 4 (2004): 330–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00124784-200407000-00010.

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14

Bliss, P. J., T. J. Schulz, T. Senger und R. B. Kaye. „Odour measurement - factors affecting olfactometry panel performance“. Water Science and Technology 34, Nr. 3-4 (01.08.1996): 549–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1996.0475.

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To identify factors affecting olfactometry panel performance in the measurement of environmental odours, a data bank of odour threshold measurements including 923 individual panel tests on environmental odours and 145 tests on standards were analysed statistically. There is an evident decrease in olfactory sensitivity to environmental odours with age. The group threshold tends to be one step lower for a 25 year increase in average age of panel members for Type I odours (piggery, feedlot, landfill and mushroom composting) and for 36 years increase for Type II odours (sewage and industrial coke works). The threshold for N-butanol tends to be 1 step lower for an increase of 15 years in age. People who are over 40 years old exhibited a greater variation than younger people. Although there was a minor gender difference in the sensitivity to butanol standard, it was not statistically significant (mean natural logarithm butanol threshold was 3.65 for males and 3.84 for females). Similar minor differences were exhibited in Confidence Index (CI), 1.72 for females (std. dev. 0.73) and 1.81 for males (std. dev. 0.77). Using “guess and correct” as criterion to determine individual thresholds in the forced choice olfactometry, the mean natural logarithm of ppb butanol is 1.365 lower than that for “certain and correct”. The standard deviation for “guess” and “certain” criteria were 1.093 and 0.911 respectively. The “certainty” criterion gave a better repeatability than the “guess” criterion.

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Bondarenko, A. S., A. S. Borovkov, I. M. Malay und V. A. Semyonov. „The method of determining the metrological performance of unit reference standards of reflection coefficient in waveguides at millimeter waves“. Izmeritel`naya Tekhnika, Nr. 1 (Januar 2020): 59–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.32446/0368-1025it.2020-1-59-63.

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The analysis of the current state of the reflection coefficient measurements in waveguides at millimeter waves is carried out. An approach for solving the problem of reproducing the reflection coefficient measurement scale is proposed. Mathematical equations, which are the basis of the reflection coefficient measurement equation are obtained. The method of determining the metrological performance of reflection coefficient unit’s reference standards is developed. The results of electrodynamic modeling and analytical calculations by the developed method are compared. It is shown that this method can be used for reproducing the reflection coefficient unit in the development of the State primary standard.

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Avelini Holjevac, Ivanka, und Helga Maškarin. „THE INTEGRATION OF CROATIAN HOTEL INDUSTRY INTO THE STANDARD EUROPEAN AND INTERNATIONAL PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENT SYSTEM“. Tourism and hospitality management 9, Nr. 1 (2003): 49–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.20867/thm.9.1.5.

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International standard system of business performance indicators used by the hotel industry consists of two parts: standard financial ratios - that are accepted and used by companies regardless of industry type, and standard business ratios for the hotel industry - a part that encompasses and reflects the characteristics of the hotel business operation. When defining the indicators and building the systems of indicators, it is necessary to take into consideration that they have to be adjusted to the characteristics of hotel operation, they have to reflect the quality of the business success, they have to be measurable and complement each other, be complete and comparable with similar companies and their business branch. The aim of this paper is to emphasize the importance of the integration of Croatian hotel industry into the European and international standard system for performance measurement. To enter the standard international hotel business information and communication system, certain conditions and standards need to be fulfilled. These conditions and standards are discussed in this paper.

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Linn, Robert L. „Performance Standards': Utility for Different Uses of Assessments“. education policy analysis archives 11 (01.09.2003): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.14507/epaa.v11n31.2003.

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Performance standards are arguably one of the most controversial topics in educational measurement. There are uses of assessments such as licensure and certification where performance standards are essential. There are many other uses, however, where performance standards have been mandated or become the preferred method of reporting assessment results where the standards are not essential to the use. Distinctions between essential and nonessential uses of performance standards are discussed. It is argued that the insistence on reporting in terms of performance standards in situations where they are not essential has been more harmful than helpful. Variability in the definitions of proficient academic achievement by states for purposes of the No Child Left Behind Act of 2001 is discussed and it is argued that the variability is so great that characterizing achievement is meaningless. Illustrations of the great uncertainty in standards are provided.

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Ali, Zannah, Bukar Mohammed und Muhammad Dunama. „AN OVERVIEW OF CONSTRUCTION PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENT TOWARD PRODUCTIVITY IMPROVEMENT“. International Journal of Innovative Research in Education, Technology & Social Strategies 8, Nr. 1 (25.03.2021): 96–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.48028/iiprds/ijiretss.v8.i1.10.

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The awareness of construction performance measurement which involves setting new operating targets and standards has been raised among majority of construction organizations. This is so because of the ever-increasing requirements and expectations of the clients which necessitated continuous improvement in the cost, timing and quality of construction output. Productivity as an important issue in any industry can only be improved when the effect of changes applied on method, effort and system that can be measured. This paper reviewed internal performance measurement which makes a construction organization focuses on identifying improvement areas within its structure through comparing its business operations with others who do it better, through setting new targets to meet. The paper identified key performance indicators of internal performance measurement which include; time, cost, quality, client satisfaction, effective communication, safety and health and risk management. Lastly, the paper reviewed external performance measurement which makes the construction industry as a whole attempt to improve its productivity through designing tools and techniques applicable to construction. The paper concluded that, in order to improve construction performance, it is essential to have accurate measurements reflecting current trends and practice toward effective productivity. The construction industries should effectively take up internal performance measurements and be more open to external performance measurements that have been successful in other industries and assess if adaptable to construction projects.

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Wu, Jun Sheng. „Insulation Measurement System Design and Implementation“. Applied Mechanics and Materials 303-306 (Februar 2013): 435–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.303-306.435.

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Insulation measurement system performance influence of insulation material selection formula as well as the material production and quality. This paper introduces the insulation performance measuring system and control theory, and the ablation experiments of main technical parameters and data processing and insulation material performance evaluation standards: adiabatic index, the linear ablation rate, mass loss rate calculation and evaluation.

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Beaulieu, Joyce, F. Douglas Scutchfield und Ann V. Kelly. „Content and criterion validity evaluation of national public health performance standards measurement instruments“. Public Health Reports 118, Nr. 6 (November 2003): 508–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0033-3549(04)50287-x.

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21

Fujii, A., H. Suzuki und K. Yanagi. „Development of measurement standards for verifying functional performance of surface texture measuring instruments“. Journal of Physics: Conference Series 311 (19.08.2011): 012009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/311/1/012009.

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22

Akbar, R. Reza El, und Muhammad Adi Khairul Anshary. „Model and Prototype Application Performance Measurement Based on Collaboration of Higher Education Standards“. Advanced Science Letters 23, Nr. 3 (01.03.2017): 2354–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/asl.2017.8651.

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23

Walwyn-Salas, G., L. Czap, I. Gomola und J. A. Tamayo-García. „Testing the performance of dosimetry measurement standards for calibrating area and personnel dosimeters“. Journal of Instrumentation 11, Nr. 07 (08.07.2016): P07005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/11/07/p07005.

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Beaudin, Christy L. „Outcomes Measurement: Application of Performance Standards and Practice Guidelines in Managed Behavioral Healthcare“. Journal of Nursing Care Quality 13, Nr. 1 (Oktober 1998): 14–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00001786-199810000-00005.

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Ali, Rasha S. M. „Applied signal effect in the potentiometric method on the resistance measurements accuracy“. International Journal of Metrology and Quality Engineering 9 (2018): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/ijmqe/2018018.

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In this paper, the effect of applying dc voltage and dc current sources in using the potentiometric method on the accuracy and the uncertainty of the resistance measurements is studied. This study is done practically for the low and high values of standard resistance ranges from 100 to 10 MΩ. The traceability chain for the used resistors is introduced by using the standard resistors 1 Ω Thomas type, 10 kΩ model SR104, and four Hamon transfer standards. The system operation is remotely controlled by using a LabVIEW program to improve the performance. The measurement results and the uncertainty estimation values are discussed to identify the effect of the applied voltage and current on the different resistance ranges measurement.

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Jan, Amin, Maran Marimuthu, Muhammad Pisol bin Mohd und Mat Isa. „Sustainability Practices and Banks Financial Performance: A Conceptual Review from the Islamic Banking Industry in Malaysia“. International Journal of Business and Management 13, Nr. 11 (12.10.2018): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijbm.v13n11p61.

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This paper aims to propose a framework for measuring sustainability practices of the Islamic banking industry in Malaysia. Sustainability practicing and reporting has received limited attention in the Islamic banking literature. The frameworks used for measuring sustainability practices are also found inadequate. This study transformed the Global Reporting Initiative’s GRI sustainability measurement framework in light of Shariah principles to make it compatible for measuring sustainability practices in the Islamic banking industry. The posited framework illuminates the positive theoretical relationship between sustainability practices and banks financial performance from the Islamic perspective. This study lends credence to the Islamic Reporting Initiative IRI envisioned framework of building an international standard sustainability measurement framework for the Islamic banking industry in future. This study may also serve as a launching pad in the process of developing an international standards sustainability measurements framework for the Islamic banking industry in the world.

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Martinie, Sherri. „Measurement: What's the Big Idea?“ Mathematics Teaching in the Middle School 9, Nr. 8 (April 2004): 430–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.5951/mtms.9.8.0430.

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The value of building a strong understanding of measurement must not be underestimated. The skills of measurement are frequently encountered in realworld situations, from measuring the size of a room to measuring the time it takes to run a mile in gym class to the amount of water used when a faucet drips. Instruction involving measurement should focus on teaching students, K–12, to 'understand measurable attributes of objects … and apply appropriate techniques, tools, and formulas to determine measurements' (NCTM's Principles and Standards for School Mathematics, p. 44). These measurements may be one, two, or three dimensional and involve length, weight, capacity, time, or temperature. However, research on measurement reports that this concept harbors the largest discrepancy between learning opportunities and actual performance, meaning that although students are instructed in measurement skills in school, they cannot show that they have learned the concept.

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Costa, Ericka, und Caterina Pesci. „Social impact measurement: why do stakeholders matter?“ Sustainability Accounting, Management and Policy Journal 7, Nr. 1 (07.03.2016): 99–124. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/sampj-12-2014-0092.

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Purpose – This paper aims to discuss the notion of social impact of social impact measurement in social enterprises by supporting the multiple-constituency theory as a contribution to this under-theorised issue. Moreover, the paper proposes the stakeholder-based approach as the most appropriate solution for selection among metrics related to the growing number of social impact measurements. Design/methodology/approach – The paper proposes a review of social impact measurement studies by considering contributions from both academia and practitioners, while providing a reassessment and conceptualisation of this issue in terms of the multiple-constituency theory. Findings – The paper criticises the “golden standard approach” to social impact measurement according to which social enterprises have to find one standardised metric capable of determining an organisation’s real impact. The golden standard approach promotes a more “political view” of social enterprises, according to which multiple stakeholders set performance standards based on their viewpoints regarding the measurement’s purposes. Research limitations/implications – The paper responds to the urgent call to define a theoretical framework that might guide social impact measurement, seeking to avoid the current lack of order and transparency in existing practices that could serve as a vehicle for camouflaging corporate social un-sustainability. Originality/value – The multiple-constituency approach should discourage organisations from opportunistically selecting a social impact measurement with the sole purpose of proving a higher impact, as, within the proposed new perspective, social impact metrics are no longer managed independently by the social enterprises themselves. Instead, these metrics are defined and constructed with the stakeholders. As a result, social enterprises’ manipulative intentions should diminish.

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Rahman, Faried Kurnia, Mohammad Ali Tareq, Rochania Ayu Yunanda und Akbariah Mahdzir. „Maqashid Al-Shari’ah-based performance measurement for the halal industry“. Humanomics 33, Nr. 3 (14.08.2017): 357–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/h-03-2017-0054.

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Purpose The halal industry is one of the most growing industries in the world. It refers to the industry in line with Islamic principles and requirements. The emergence of this industry aims to fulfil the requirement of Islamic-compliant products and services. Surprisingly, the industry has been growing in both Muslim and non-Muslim countries. Assessing the performance of the industry will be notable for ensuring that it obtains its objectives. The proper performance measurement should highlight business perspectives and religious aspects. This study aims to explore the current issues and challenges in developing Maqashid Al-Shari’ah-based performance measurement in the halal industry. Design/methodology/approach This is a qualitative research using in-depth interviews, and uses content analysis to interpret and explain the interview result. Interviews were conducted with experts in Maqashid Al-Shari’ah and Islamic capital markets. Findings The existence of the concept of Maqashid Al-Shari’ah is to create maslahah for all human beings. The development of Maqashid Al-Shari’ah performance measurement for the business is very important. It has only been developed for Islamic financial industry. Unfortunately, it is found that the development of Maqashid Al-Shari’ah performance measurement has not been carried out comprehensively in non-financial industry. The main issue is the absence of the applicable measurements. Therefore, collective decision is required to develop the appropriate measurements. Practical implications There is a necessity for regulator to produce standards on Maqashid Al-Shari’ah-based performance measurement. The government policy plays an important role in the development and implementation of Maqashid Al-Shari’ah -based measurement index. Originality/value This paper highlights the issue of the development of Maqashid Al-Shari’ah -based performance measurement in halal business and commerce which has not much discussed in prior studies.

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Basch, Ethan M., Christine Goertz, Keri Christenson, Amaris Crawford, R. Adams Dudley und John Spertus. „Standards for evaluating patient-reported outcome (PRO)-based performance measures.“ Journal of Clinical Oncology 30, Nr. 34_suppl (01.12.2012): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2012.30.34_suppl.45.

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45 Background: There is growing interest to use performance measures that integrate patient-reported outcomes (PROs), but there are no existing methodological standards for developing, implementing, or analyzing such measures in this context. Methods: To develop standards for evaluating PRO-based performance measures submitted to or developed by the American Medical Association-convened Physician Consortium for Performance Improvement, a multi-disciplinary expert technical panel was assembled. A systematic literature review and landscape overview were conducted to identify use cases and existing PRO standards in related contexts. Lessons learned from use cases and existing standards guided development of discrete methodological standards. Results: The systematic review identified only one use case, whereas the landscape overview identified eight. Five purposes were identified for which PROs might be measured to assess performance, including one categorized as process and four as outcome. Eight discrete methodological standards were developed which will be detailed at the meeting. Conclusions: The patient perspective is an essential but missing component of performance evaluation. When appropriately elicited, data from patients can be informative. Lack of adherence to good practices and inadequate patient input when developing measurement strategies are potential pitfalls to be avoided.

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Nilamsari, Devitia Putri. „Pengukuran Kinerja Tenaga Profesional Pada Organisasi Jasa (Studi Kasus Kotabahasa Salatiga)“. JEMAP 1, Nr. 1 (16.07.2018): 129. http://dx.doi.org/10.24167/jemap.v1i1.1588.

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This research aimed to describe the performance measurement and the basic indicators of performance measurement the professionals in family organization, especially in the service sector. As the strategy of depth-case study, this research uses a qualitative approach to describe the process or application of performance measurement and the basic indicators of performance measurement in Kotabahasa Salatiga. The results show that the process of performance measurementin Kotabahasa Salatiga starts from initial stage of microteaching selection which is the basic of initial performance measurement and placement for the teachers, then continued to the assessment of the teachers’ daily behavior through observation, review to the class or criticsm from students. In addition, the basic indicators of the teachers’ performance measurement are discipline, responsibility for task or job, capability both technical and conceptual and the interpersonal relationship. Based on the performance measurement, the management of Kotabahasa Salatiga gets feedback that can improve the quality and performance of organization and also be able to assess the final result whether the activities that have been planned and implemented so far as fit or not. And then, it is directing teachers to work productively and professionally so that the performance will be more satisfactory and fit with the work’s standards.

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Pan, Sheau Shi, I. Chih Ni und Feng Yu Yang. „The Two Dimensional Microstage Used in Geometric Measurement of Rockwell Diamond Indenter“. Key Engineering Materials 649 (Juni 2015): 90–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.649.90.

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The Primary Rockwell Hardness Standard System was set up in the Center for Measurement Standards since July 1996 till June 1997. During the period, a compact laser interferometer, HP10737R 3-axis interferometer system was used to measure the effect of pitch and yaw of the Rockwell Hardness standard machine. Considering to increase the performance of hardness measurement, the geometry of the diamond tip has to be determined. In this paper, we will present the results of indenter geometry by μ-CMM (Coordinate Measuring Machine) in CMS.

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Indjejikian, Raffi J., und Dhananjay (DJ) Nanda. „Executive Target Bonuses and What They Imply about Performance Standards“. Accounting Review 77, Nr. 4 (01.10.2002): 793–819. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/accr.2002.77.4.793.

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We provide evidence that CEOs' and lower-level business unit executives' target bonuses are negatively associated with a proxy for measurement noise in accounting-based performance measures, and positively associated with proxies for firms' growth opportunities and the extent of executives' decision-making authority. Non-CEO executives' target bonuses are also positively associated with their CEO's target bonus. In addition, we compare executives' actual and target bonuses over two consecutive periods to draw inferences about how firms revise executives' performance standards. If firms adjust performance standards to fully reflect executives' past performance, then we expect an executive's chances of earning an above-target bonus to be independent of his past performance. We find evidence to the contrary; an executive is more likely to receive an above-target bonus if he received an above-target bonus in the prior year than if he did not. This suggests that firms do not adjust standards to fully reflect executives' past performance, consistent with agency-theoretic arguments that a firm can better motivate its executives if it discounts executives' past performance in setting their future compensation.

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Shirinkina, E. V. „Psychometric Assessment Standards Based on the «Performance Based Assessment» Methodology“. Quality and life 29, Nr. 1 (15.03.2021): 15–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.34214/2312-5209-2021-29-1-15-19.

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The relevance of the study is due to the fact that there has been a request for a comprehensive assessment of knowledge and skills based on the methodology of competency-based assignments, which consists in a performance-based assessment. In the article, the author presents the psychometric standards and recommendations existing in foreign practice that are necessary for a fair, reliable and objective assessment of the learning outcomes of company employees. The purpose of the work is to study existing standards and recommendations for assessing learning outcomes in the KPI system. The empirical basis of the study was the data of the International Test Commission; British Psychological Society – British Psychological Society, BPS and others. The author analyzes the empirical base of the research and systematizes the existing standards and recommendations for assessing testing. The practical significance of the research results lies in the fact that, given the challenges and demands of the modern world, most organizations will allow them to form a systemic development of the measurement process and quickly respond to new challenges that arise before psychometrics.

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Mullins, Darragh, Derek Coburn, Louise Hannon, Edward Jones, Eoghan Clifford und Martin Glavin. „Using image processing for determination of settled sludge volume“. Water Science and Technology 78, Nr. 2 (12.07.2018): 390–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2018.315.

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Abstract Determination of the sludge volume index is key to describing the settling characteristics of sludge in the aeration process of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). The two core components of this calculation are the settled sludge volume (SSV) and suspended solids. While the measurement procedure for SSV is generally defined by national or international standards, in practice a wide variety of vessel sizes and shapes are used by operators to monitor WWTP performance. Furthermore, differences in how these tests are carried out can lead to poor data, inefficient WWTP operation and a lack of comparable metrics for WWTP operational monitoring. Thus, there is a requirement to improve operational performance of WWTPs to meet the increasingly stringent legislation regarding discharge limits. The aim of this study was to utilise a novel image-processing system (AutoSSV) to (i) determine its efficacy in describing SSV and (ii) measure and compare different methodologies for measurement of SSV. The AutoSSV system was tested using samples from various WWTPs and the results compared to those determined by standard manual measurement. Both standard and modified settlement tests were conducted on 30 mixed liquor samples, with modified settlement tests consistently resulting in lower SSV measurements. Results from the study showed a strong correlation between the SSV measurements provided by the AutoSSV system and results obtained from current manual measurement methods. The proposed technique would help to standardise the measurement in practice and increase the frequency of monitoring, particularly in small-scale rural WWTPs where there may not be permanent operators on site, and thus provide sufficient performance monitoring for efficient and effective operation.

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Egyedi, Tineke M., und Sachiko Muto. „Standards for ICT“. International Journal of IT Standards and Standardization Research 10, Nr. 1 (Januar 2012): 34–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jitsr.2012010103.

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This paper takes the recent process towards standardizing the mobile phone charger in the EU as a starting point to consider the role that compatibility standards might play in mitigating the negative impact of ICT on the environment. Building on insights gained from the economics of standards literature, the authors explore how the inherent effects of compatibility standards – such as reducing variety, avoiding lock-in, and building critical mass – can have positive implications for the environment. While there is growing interest in how performance measurement standards initiatives with an explicit environmental purpose can contribute to sustainability, the authors argue that current standardization literature and policy have overlooked this important (side) effect of compatibility standards. Having first illustrated how excessive diversity and incompatibilities in ICT generate e-waste, discourage re-use and make recycling economically unviable, this paper develops an economic-environmental framework for analyzing the sustainability effects of compatibility standards and applies it to the case of mobile phone chargers. The authors conclude that compatibility standards are a form of ecodesign at sector level and should be recognized as a relevant complementary strategy towards greening the IT industry.

37

Shin, Dongheon, und Kyungnam Ko. „Application of the Nacelle Transfer Function by a Nacelle-Mounted Light Detection and Ranging System to Wind Turbine Power Performance Measurement“. Energies 12, Nr. 6 (21.03.2019): 1087. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12061087.

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To examine the applicability of the nacelle transfer function (NTF) derived from nacelle light detection and ranging (LIDAR) measurements to wind turbine power performance testing without a met mast, wind turbine power performance measurement was carried out at the Dongbok wind farm on Jeju Island, South Korea. A nacelle LIDAR was mounted on the nacelle of a 2-MW wind turbine to measure wind conditions in front of the turbine rotor, and an 80-m-high met mast was installed near another wind turbine to measure the free-stream wind speed. The power measurement instruments were installed in the turbine tower base, and wind speeds measured by the nacelle anemometer of the turbine were collected by the SCADA (Supervisory control and data acquisition) system. The NTF was determined by the table method, and then the power curve drawn using the NTF by the nacelle LIDAR (PCNTF, NL) was compared with the power curves drawn in compliance with International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) standards, 61400-12-1 and 61400-12-2. Next, the combined standard uncertainties of the power curves were calculated to clarify the magnitude of the components of the uncertainties. The uncertainties of annual energy production (AEP) were also estimated by assuming that wind speed is a Rayleigh cumulative distribution. As a result, the PCNTF, NL was in good agreement with the power curves drawn in accordance with the IEC standards. The combined standard uncertainty of PCNTF, NL was almost the same as that of the power curve based on IEC 61400-12-2.

38

Nara, H., H. Tanimoto, Y. Nojiri, H. Mukai, T. Machida und Y. Tohjima. „Onboard measurement system of atmospheric carbon monoxide in the Pacific by voluntary observing ships“. Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 4, Nr. 11 (24.11.2011): 2495–507. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amt-4-2495-2011.

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Abstract. Long-term monitoring of carbon monoxide (CO) mixing ratios in the atmosphere over the Pacific Ocean is being carried out on commercial cargo vessels participating in the National Institute for Environmental Studies Voluntary Observing Ships program. The program provides a regular platform for measurement of atmospheric CO along four cruise routes: from Japan to Oceania, the United States, Canada, and Southeast Asia. Flask samples are collected during every cruise for subsequent analysis in the laboratory, and in 2005, continuous shipboard CO measurements were initiated on three of the routes. Here, we describe the system we developed for onboard measurement of CO mixing ratios with a commercially available gas filter correlation CO analyzer. The fully automated system measures CO in ambient air, and the detector sensitivity and background signals are calibrated by referencing the measurements to a CO-in-air standard gas (~1 ppmv) and to CO-free air scrubbed with a catalyst, respectively. We examined the artificial production of CO in the high-pressure working gas standards during storage by referencing the measurements to CO standard gases maintained as our primary scale before and after use on the ships. The onboard performance of the continuous CO measurement system was evaluated by comparing its data with data from laboratory analyses of flask samples using gas chromatography with a reduction gas detector. The reasonably good consistency between the two independent measurement methods demonstrated the good performance of both methods over the course of 3–5 years. The continuous measurement system was more useful than the flask sampling method for regionally polluted air masses, which were often encountered on Southeast Asian cruises.

39

Zhang, Yu Xiang, Deng Kun Xiao, Xiao Jun Jing und Song Lin Sun. „Mobility Performance Analysis under Different SCell Measurement Periods in the LTE-A System with Carrier Aggregation“. Advanced Materials Research 457-458 (Januar 2012): 710–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.457-458.710.

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In order to achieve up to 1 Gb/s peak data rate in future International Telecommunications Advanced mobile systems, carrier aggregation technology is introduced by the 3GPP to support very-high-data-rate transmissions over wide frequency bandwidths (e.g., up to 100 MHz) in its new LTE-Advanced standards. In this paper, two carriers are considered, namely primary component carrier (PCell) and secondary component carrier (SCell). Appropriately loosening SCell measurement period is able to save UE power consumption without apparent effect on the system performance. This paper analyzes system mobility performances under various SCell measurement periods. Furthermore, it gives the least length a SCell measurement period could be relaxed to while still retaining the system performance in scenario 2.

40

Liu, Jiang Hao, Shao Hong Gao, Qiao Liang Li und Tian Tian Mao. „Study on the Detection Methods of Ink Color Standard Based on ISO2846“. Applied Mechanics and Materials 731 (Januar 2015): 535–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.731.535.

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Ink is one of the most important raw materials in printing processes, the quality of printed product uniformity and color reproduction, usually to some extent, depends on ink performance, which needs the authoritative and reliable way to measure ink colors. The paper is to test and verify the ink color measurement methods based on ISO 2846 international standards by the experiments, and the performance indicators of domestic standards substrates are determined through analyzing the characteristics of the domestic printing and ink manufacturing industries, and then the preparation of ink color measurement samples and ink color test conditions are studied.

41

Choong, Kwee Keong, und Sardar M. Islam. „A new approach to performance measurement using standards: a case of translating strategy to operations“. Operations Management Research 13, Nr. 3-4 (22.08.2020): 137–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12063-020-00159-8.

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42

Wu, Dongxu, Fusheng Liang, Chengwei Kang und Fengzhou Fang. „Performance Analysis of Surface Reconstruction Algorithms in Vertical Scanning Interferometry Based on Coherence Envelope Detection“. Micromachines 12, Nr. 2 (08.02.2021): 164. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi12020164.

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Optical interferometry plays an important role in the topographical surface measurement and characterization in precision/ultra-precision manufacturing. An appropriate surface reconstruction algorithm is essential in obtaining accurate topography information from the digitized interferograms. However, the performance of a surface reconstruction algorithm in interferometric measurements is influenced by environmental disturbances and system noise. This paper presents a comparative analysis of three algorithms commonly used for coherence envelope detection in vertical scanning interferometry, including the centroid method, fast Fourier transform (FFT), and Hilbert transform (HT). Numerical analysis and experimental studies were carried out to evaluate the performance of different envelope detection algorithms in terms of measurement accuracy, speed, and noise resistance. Step height standards were measured using a developed interferometer and the step profiles were reconstructed by different algorithms. The results show that the centroid method has a higher measurement speed than the FFT and HT methods, but it can only provide acceptable measurement accuracy at a low noise level. The FFT and HT methods outperform the centroid method in terms of noise immunity and measurement accuracy. Even if the FFT and HT methods provide similar measurement accuracy, the HT method has a superior measurement speed compared to the FFT method.

43

Jiang, J., H. Zhou, Y. Zhang, S. Wu, Z. Zhang und G. Hu. „Performance test of cantilever transfer standard used for afm tip calibration based on electromagnetic compensation“. ACTA IMEKO 9, Nr. 5 (31.12.2020): 129. http://dx.doi.org/10.21014/acta_imeko.v9i5.954.

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This paper describes stiffness measurement of cantilever transfer standards used for Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) tip calibration based on electromagnetic compensation. The transfer standard of cantilever is designed and manufactured based on the bulk fabrication of SOI wafers. The measure range of the transfer standard covers from 0.04 N/m to 16 N/m. The series of transfer standard is designed for the calibration test of the cantilever used in AFM, along with the test apparatus specifically designed. The relative uncertainty of the stiffness is smaller than 2.4 % (<em>k</em> = 2).

44

Shukur, Lillian R., James L. Powers, Roberto A. Marques, Michael E. Winter und W. Sadèe. „Measurement of Procainamide and N-Acetylprocainamide in Serum by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography“. Clinical Chemistry 23, Nr. 4 (01.04.1997): 636–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/23.4.636.

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Abstract We measured procainamide (I) and its metabolite, N¬acetylprocainamide (II), in human serum samples by sol¬vent extraction, high-performance liquid chromatography on a reverse phase column, and detection at 280 nm, with use of external standards. The method requires 0.2 ml of serum and is sensitive to 0.3 mg of I and 0.6 mg of II per liter of serum, with intra-assay standard deviations of 0.22 and 0.24 mg/liter, respectively, at 5 mg/liter (n = 10) and inter-assay standard deviations of 0.63 and 0.81 mg/liter, respectively, at 7.5 mg/liter (CV 8.4 and 10.5 % , respec¬tively, n = 20). Concentrations measured by high-perfor¬mance liquid chromatography and by an established flu¬orescence technique correlated well (r = 0.98 for I and 0.97 for II). No interfering substances were found in 20 randomly selected sera from patients receiving a large number of other drugs. Of the pure drug substances tested, only sulfathiazole interfered with the assay of II. The method is therefore suitable for routinely monitoring these compounds in serum in a clinical laboratory. The high concentrations of the metabolite in a significant number of patients demonstrate the need to consider it as well as the parent drug as guides in optimizing dosage regiments for I.

45

Stewart, Noral. „Operable partitions - a life of experiences, observations, and testing plus comments on standards“. INTER-NOISE and NOISE-CON Congress and Conference Proceedings 263, Nr. 3 (01.08.2021): 3448–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.3397/in-2021-2407.

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Experiences testing operable partitions since 1986 will be reviewed including typical performance and various problems observed with both the partitions and surrounding structures. ASTM standards E557 on proper building preparation for an operable partition and E336 for the measurement of field performance will be discussed, including the 2005 revision of E336 as it affects evaluation of operable partitions.

46

Mustapha, H., K. H. Ismail, T. J. Daim und S. F. Jamil. „Performance Testing of Anechoic Chamber“. Applied Mechanics and Materials 629 (Oktober 2014): 252–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.629.252.

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Anechoic chambers are widely used in performing EMC measurements according to the established EMC standards. In space area, the elements of EMC measurements such as emission, immunity and susceptibility are critically important to ascertain that all of electrical and electronic components in the satellite body will function correctly without fail, thus ensures the smoothness of satellite operation upon launching into space. Realising this, level of anechoic chamber performance should always be in the optimum state as possible. This paper presents the specific tests that were carried out in the anechoic chamber as to determine the accuracy of its performance. All four types of tests were run in main chamber, control and amplifier room within frequencies range of 10 kHz to 20GHz. The tests will characterize the shielding effectiveness of RF shielded enclosure, the Field Uniformity Area (FUA), Site VSWR and Normalised Site Attenuation (NSA) of anechoic chamber. The basis of the measurement techniques is described and typical test results are discussed. Based on the results, it is concluded that the anechoic chamber is in good condition, ready for testing and capable to produce reliable output.

47

Colson, Robert H., Robert Bloomfield, Theodore E. Christensen, Karim Jamal, Stephen Moehrle, James Ohlson, Stephen Penman, Thomas Stober, Shyam Sunder und Ross L. Watts. „Response to the Financial Accounting Standards Board’s and the International Accounting Standards Board’s Joint Discussion Paper Entitled Preliminary Views on Revenue Recognition in Contracts with Customers“. Accounting Horizons 24, Nr. 4 (01.12.2010): 689–702. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/acch.2010.24.4.689.

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SYNOPSIS: The FASB and the IASB recently issued a joint discussion paper entitled, Preliminary Views on Revenue Recognition in Contracts with Customers. The boards requested comments on whether their proposed model for revenue recognition would improve the usefulness of the financial statement information for financial decision makers. This paper summarizes the AAA’s Financial Accounting Standards Committee’s responses to several of the boards’ specific questions. We support the boards’ proposed comprehensive revenue recognition standard based on the following options: (1) the customer consideration approach (based on initial contract price measurement); (2) no recognition of revenue at contract inception (by assigning the initial contract price to performance obligations); and (3) allocation of the transaction price to multiple performance obligations based on the relative stand-alone prices of each performance obligation. We also recommend that the boards carefully consider the following clarifications as they develop the final exposure draft. The formal definition should specify that the contract be an “enforceable” agreement. The measurement of a performance obligation must be verifiable. While the transfer of an asset to the customer or the acceptance of a service by the customer normally signals the recognition of revenue, we encourage the boards to carefully consider situations (like long-term construction or mining) when the completion of intermediate performance obligations could trigger revenue recognition prior to the transfer of title. Absent special consideration of these situations, companies may be influenced to write contracts in suboptimal ways in an effort to recognize revenue continuously throughout a long-term construction project or in the process of mining or farming. Finally, we highlight difficulties that may arise in allocating the initial transaction price to multiple performance obligation contracts when the individual performance obligations are not normally sold on a stand-alone basis.

48

Nara, H., H. Tanimoto, Y. Nojiri, H. Mukai, T. Machida und Y. Tohjima. „Onboard measurement system of atmospheric carbon monoxide over the Pacific Ocean by voluntary observing ships“. Atmospheric Measurement Techniques Discussions 4, Nr. 4 (18.07.2011): 4505–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amtd-4-4505-2011.

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Abstract. Long-term monitoring of carbon monoxide (CO) mixing ratios in the atmosphere over the Pacific Ocean is being carried out on commercial cargo vessels participating in the National Institute for Environmental Studies Voluntary Observing Ships program. The program provides a regular platform for measurement of atmospheric CO along four cruising routes: from Japan to Oceania, from Japan to the United States, from Japan to Canada, and from Japan to Southeast Asia. Flask samples are collected during every cruise for subsequent analysis in the laboratory, and in 2005, continuous shipboard CO measurements were initiated on three of the routes. Here, we describe the system we developed for onboard measurement of CO mixing ratios with a commercially available gas filter correlation CO analyzer. The fully automated system measures CO in ambient air, and the detector sensitivity and background signals are calibrated by referencing the measurements to a CO-in-air standard gas (~1 ppmv) and to CO-free air scrubbed with a catalyst, respectively. We examined the artificial production of CO in the high-pressure working gas standards (CO balanced with purified air at ppmv levels) during storage by referencing the measurements to CO standard gases maintained as our primary scale before and after use on the ships. The onboard performance of the continuous CO measurement system was evaluated by comparing its data with data from laboratory analyses of flask samples using gas chromatography with a reduction gas detector. The reasonably good consistency between the two independent measurement methods demonstrated the good performance of both methods over the course of 3–5 yr. The continuous measurement system was more useful than the flask sampling method for regionally polluted air masses, which were often encountered on Southeast Asian cruises.

49

Yan, Zhuang, und Xiang Youcai. „Study on the Follow-up Measurement of Goodwill of Listed Companies“. Journal of Finance Research 4, Nr. 2 (03.11.2020): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.26549/jfr.v4i2.5063.

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Nowadays, the wave of mergers and acquisitions in the capital market is still surging. High evaluation does bring high performance, and the huge impairment of goodwill has become a key factor for the frequent Black Swan events of listed companies. Starting from the essence of goodwill, using Chinese A-share listed companies from 2007 to 2019 as samples and based on the market data, distribution analysis and performance impact, this paper argues that problems of goodwill impairment in China are incomplete accounting standards, inexhaustive impairment implementation and incomprehensive market supervision, thus giving reasonable suggestions. Proper follow-up measurement of goodwill is conducive to improving accounting information quality and adapting to capital market demands, which is of great significance to the revision of international standards.

50

Fritzen, Scott A. „Crafting performance measurement systems to reduce corruption risks in complex organizations: the case of the World Bank“. Measuring Business Excellence 11, Nr. 4 (20.11.2007): 23–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/13683040710837900.

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PurposeThe purpose of the paper is to explore an emerging challenge for large public‐sector bureaucracies: developing information and performance measurement systems that support anti‐corruption efforts.Design/methodology/approachThe paper is an analytical framework linking functions and contexts of performance measurement to anti‐corruption requirements. The framework is used to explore a case study of the World Bank's ongoing efforts to strengthen anti‐corruption information systems in Indonesia.FindingsThe paper finds that a range of organizations are increasingly turning to performance measurement systems to fulfill several functions related to organizational integrity: to hold organizations accountable for reaching publicly stated standards of fiduciary responsibility and corruption control; to identify vulnerable operational points in multi‐faceted public enterprises; and to facilitate organizational learning regarding “what works”. Yet corruption is difficult to measure, and corruption vulnerabilities often arise from informal practices, insufficient incentives for enforcement or adherence to standards, and managerial blindspots. Enhanced information systems need to be coupled with effective and multi‐directional accountability arrangements in order for performance measurement to contribute effectively to corruption control.Practical implicationsThe paper shows that improved information systems and a reassessment of managerial incentives and attitudes are both essential in order to reduce organizational vulnerability to corruption and to the public backlash that follows in the wake of corruption scandals.Originality/valueThe paper focusses on an emerging area of performance management likely to gain increasing visibility as large bureaucracies attempt to institutionalize public commitments to high anti‐corruption standards

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