Dissertationen: „People with disabilities – Finance, Personal“

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Young, Sadie. „Personal constructs of intellectually disabled people“. Thesis, Manchester Metropolitan University, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.262355.

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The main focus of this thesis is to investigate the mental worlds of intellectually disabled people. It is intended to provide information about how members of this population construe their environments and how recent changes in the philosophy of care have affected their construct systems. Personal construct theory is used as the model that underpins the studies in the thesis and a modified version of repertory grid technique is developed and used to explore physical and social aspects of each subject's environment. After a pilot study was conducted to establish the viability of using modified rep grid techniques with this population, a longitudinal study over a four year period investigated the social constructs of 15 intellectually disabled residents. Eight were still in an institution at the end of the study and seven had moved into the community during that period. A comparison group of eight staff were sampled at the beginning of the longitudinal study. Information is made available concerning the size and complexity of each subject's construct system. It was found that the size and content of the construct systems of intellectually disabled people is limited relative to the comparison group and does not change significantly over four years. construct systems were analysed using two computerbased programs that solved the patterns of interrelationships and a graphic presentation of the network of significant correlations between constructs was completed. It was found that the graphic presentation was adequate for the intellectually disabled respondents but not for the comparison group. No difference was found between the community-based group of intellectually disabled people and those still resident in the hospital after four years. A further study with 17 intellectually disabled people, parents and non-parents, found no difference in their construct systems of children. These results are discussed in the context of the present philosophy and practice of normalisation and social role valorisation.

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Lafferty, Attracta. „Beyond Friendship: Exploring close personal relationships between people with learning disabilities“. Thesis, University of Ulster, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.493907.

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Fuller, Eric G. „Equipping a select group of young married couples of the First Baptist Church of Alexander City, Alabama, in principles of personal financial management“. Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN) Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN) Access this title online, 2005. http://www.tren.com.

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Lech, Patricia Griffith. „The Increase in Disabled Workers and Healthcare Provider Incentives“. Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2009. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/LechPG2009.pdf.

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Hodgkins, Stephen L. „Discoursing disability : the personal and political positioning of disabled people in talk and textwork“. Thesis, University of Northampton, 2008. http://nectar.northampton.ac.uk/2836/.

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This thesis presents a critical disability discourse analysis. It examines the discursive construction of disability and the personal and political positioning of disabled people. Focusing on disclosure, identity, activism, theory and policy issues relating to disabled people, the naturalisation and invalidation of the disabled body is explored and critiqued. Organised in three parts, the thesis begins by considering some significant historical moments, the sociolegal context and the recent politicisation of both disabled people and disability research. Disability is argued as embedded in, and institutionalised by, political regulatory structures and research that risks de-politicisation of it is critiqued. Part two considers theories, methods and the text data collected for the research. This defines the theoretical orientation to discursive psychology, discourse analysis and critical disability studies. Disability is articulated as an object in, and for interaction and its construction linked to historical, social and political structures that regulate and sustain the human subject. The text data used in the thesis is then presented in terms of the collection process and the organisation of extracts within the current thesis. The forms of text data collected include transcriptions of discussion groups with disabled people, front line workers and senior managers, policy documents, publicity imagery and Hansard records of parliamentary debates. Part three then presents a critical disability discourse analysis using this text data. Drawing on the framework of discourse analysis as articulated by Potter and Wetherell (1987) the discursive function, construction and variation of disability talk and textwork is critically considered. This reveals dilemmas of positioning and ideology during moments of disability disclosure. Analytical commentary argues that disability identity is constructed by an interpretative repertoire embedded in the antithesis of desired and valued life. The construction of ‘barriers’ in social model texts are also explored in discussion groups and local policy documents. This shows the recent distortion and colonisation of the social model, and suggests that the metaphor of ‘barriers’ used to signify the structures that disable people has lost its once radical and resistive power. Hansard records are then used to explore implications and dilemmas which arise regarding agency, autonomy and the disabled body in relation to dominant discourses of individualism and the challenges this poses for an ‘independent living’ reform strategy. The thesis concludes by asserting a discursive mode of disablism. This is suggested as a useful driver for research and initiatives to expose and challenge everyday discourses and practises that perpetuate the invalidation of the disabled body.

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Lynch, Amy Katherine. „Robot assisted mobility for very young infants“. Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file, 156 p, 2009. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1824925431&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=8331&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Theakstone, Dianne-Dominique. „A comparative analysis of the governance mechanisms in two Centres for Inclusive Living that enhance disabled people's life choices“. Thesis, University of Stirling, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/27569.

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This study examined disabled people’s access to independent living in Scotland and Norway. At the time of the field work for this research in 2012, the literature revealed no comparable social enquiry combining the concepts of citizenship, independent living and governance. Within disability studies, independent living denotes a perspective that recognises the interconnected nature of life areas that affect lived experiences of disablement and inclusion of disabled citizens. From the independent living movement, Centres for Inclusive Living emerged as unique governance structures with full service-user involvement and run by disabled people for disabled people. This study focused upon to what extent the organisational governance structures in the Glasgow Centre for Inclusive Living (GCIL) and Uloba Centre for Independent Living (Uloba) in Norway facilitate or impede disabled people’s access to independent living. The methodology adopted a mixed methods approach. The central method involved organisational case studies with GCIL and Uloba. This enabled an in-depth qualitative exploration through semi-structured interviews with the case study employees, service-user/co-owners and key experts within each country. In addition, an online survey was distributed to other organisations that operated within the disability field. The analytical framework used an integration of the social relational model of disability (Thomas, 1999) and meso level governance analysis (Lowe, 2004). The social relational model of disability provided structural (macro) and agency (micro) level interpretations and an emphasis on psychosocial elements of disability. It also enabled the synergy of a theory of impairment alongside a theory of disability. Meso (organisational) governance analysis focused attention on the connections between organisations in society. This focus revealed the lateral relationships with other meso level bodies, macro institutions and micro individual action. Research participants prioritised the areas of peer support, accessible housing and personal assistance. Peer support was found to take both informal and formal manifestations and acted as a foundation for the other two areas of independent living. The findings highlighted that Centres for Inclusive Living provide facilitation for access to independent living across macro, meso and micro tiers of society. In particular, empowerment, peer support and user led governance formed key strategies that enhanced disabled people’s access to independent living in Scotland and Norway.

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Maine, Andrew. „Reducing the risk of Type 2 diabetes in people with intellectual disabilities : a three phase study“. Thesis, Edinburgh Napier University, 2018. http://researchrepository.napier.ac.uk/Output/1510775.

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Background: People with intellectual disabilities (ID) remain at high risk of developing type 2 diabetes (T2D) due to lifestyle associated risk factors such poor diets and low physical activity levels. Interventions have been adapted which target ongoing T2D self-management. However, there are no adapted programmes which prevent T2D through reducing risk factors. The present research project addresses this gap through a three-phase study on the existing literature, theoretical basis, and process evaluation of a T2D prevention programme. Methods: Phase 1: The literature reviews identified that the support needs of people with ID with T2D are currently not being met. Appropriate training needs to be delivered so that people with ID can self-manage or reduce the risk of T2D effectively. Given the early onset of T2D in people with ID and their often shorter lifespan, there is rationale for a preventative agenda in T2D education. Four potential mainstream intervention programmes were identified, and the self-efficacy model was found to be the most prevalent successfully implemented theoretical model. Phase 2: Nine sub-themes were identified following analysis of the data: 1) "Mastery through knowledge"; 2) "Mastery through tools and strategies"; 3) "Mastery through autonomy"; 4) "Influence of social setting"; 5) "Positive social comparisons"; 6) "Positive and negative self-statements"; 7) "Feedback from Caregivers"; 8) "Adjustment experiences"; 9) "Symptom awareness". These were mapped onto Bandura's (1977) Four Sources of efficacy enhancement model and were consistentwith its proposed mechanisms. The Four Sources model serves as a useful mode of enquiry for exploring people with ID's experiences and perceptions of self-managing diabetes. It also confirms the appropriateness of ssself-efficacy as a potential intervention component for this population. However, additional support may be required for people with ID to reflect meaningfully on their experiences and thus have a sense of self-efficacy. Phase3: 96% of invited students agreed to participate. The Walking Away programme was positively received, and some short-term impact was described, yet there were limitations to accessibility of the program due to the complexity of the language and materials. Suggestions for further adaptations regarding materials and content were provided, and there was perceived scope for a long-term implementation built into college curriculum. Results: Phase One: The literature reviews identified that the support needs of people with ID with T2D are currently not being met. Appropriate training needs to be delivered so that people with ID can self-manage or reduce the risk of T2D effectively. Given the early onset of T2D in people with ID and their often shorter lifespan, there is rationale for a preventative agenda in T2D education. Four potential mainstream intervention programmes were identified, and the self-efficacy model was found to be the most prevalent successfully implemented theoretical model. Phase Two: Nine sub-themes were identified following analysis of the data: 1) "Mastery through knowledge"; 2) "Mastery through tools and strategies"; 3) "Masterythrough autonomy"; 4) "Influence of social setting"; 5) "Positive social comparisons"; 6) "Positive and negative self-statements"; 7) "Feedback from Caregivers"; 8) "Adjustment experiences"; 9) "Symptom awareness". These were mapped onto Bandura's (1977) Four Sources of efficacy enhancement model and were consistent with its proposed mechanisms. The Four Sources model serves as a useful mode of enquiry for exploring people with ID's experiences and perceptions of self-managing diabetes. It also confirms the appropriateness of self-efficacy as a potential intervention component for this population. However, additional support may be required for people with ID to reflect meaningfully on their experiences and thus have a sense of self-efficacy. Phase Three: 96% of invited students agreed to participate. The Walking Away programme was positively received, and some short-term impact was described, yet there were limitations to accessibility of the program due to the complexity of the language and materials. Suggestions for further adaptations regarding materials and content were provided, and there was perceived scope for a long-term implementation built into college curriculum. Phase Three: 96% of invited students agreed to participate. The Walking Away programme was positively received, and some short-term impact was described, yet there were limitations to accessibility of the program due to the complexity of the language and materials. Suggestions for further adaptations regarding materials and content were provided, and there was perceived scope for a long-term implementation built into college curriculum. Conclusions: The findings provide basis for a further trial incorporating the suggested adaptations. A self-efficacy informed prevention programme was highly acceptability to students and teaching staff. Further education colleges provided a supportive setting and yielded a rich sample.

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Pavey, Barbara Elizabeth. „Developing the quality of personal and social education-related transition to adulthood courses for young people with learning difficulties and/or disabilities“. Thesis, University of Hull, 2000. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:13664.

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The thesis examines the input offered to young people with LDD in further education, under the broad heading of transition to adulthood input. A range of research methods is used, combining to provide an understanding of what is offered in this work, and enabling suggestions to be made as to how transition to adulthood input might be judged, and improved. The thesis is in four parts: Part One: Further Education; Chapter One describes the background to transition to adulthood input in FE. Chapter Two covers broader considerations, including philosophical and ethical issues, together with recent developments in FE and their impact upon the target courses. Chapter Three describes the present position in FE for young people with LDD. Part Two: the PSE Foundations of Transition to Adulthood Studies: Chapter Four describes the theoretical and curricular influences upon this work. Chapter Five analyses PSE-related transition to adulthood curricular input, with a view to identifying common ground. Chapter Six attempts to clarify the difficulties surrounding assessment and evaluation in this work. Transition to adulthood's relationship to social psychology is confirmed, and Bandura's (1986) Social Cognitive theory is suggested as the focal theory for this work. Part Three: the Empirical Research: Chapter Seven provides an overview of the empirical research elements in the study. Chapter Eight describes a preliminary survey; Chapter Nine is concerned with the main survey, of transition to adulthood provision in three FE regions. Chapter Ten describes interviews with three Expert Witnesses, and Chapter Eleven describes interviews with two students groups. Part Four: Discussion, Issues and Outcomes: Chapter Twelve provides interpretation and discussion of the empirical research. Chapter Thirteen takes this further, describing possible ways forward. These include a suggested curriculum for adulthood and a departmental quality profile to be used by course providers. Chapter Fourteen provides a summary of conclusions.

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Hewitt, Joseph. „Disability, development and financial exclusion : a study of the socio-economic barriers to accessing microfinance encountered by people with physical disabilities in Kampala, Uganda“. Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2018. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/50926/.

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This thesis explores the variety of barriers to accessing microfinance that people with disabilities in Uganda experience. The research is based upon both quantitative and qualitative data collected in the capital Kampala in 2014, and comprises of 223 questionnaires with people who have a permanent physical disability and 26 interviews with representatives of both microfinance institutions and disabled persons organisations in Uganda. Analysis of the quantitative data suggests that people with disabilities are able to access credit from formal financial providers such as commercial banks, microfinance institutions and savings and credit cooperatives, but at lower rates than the national average. Despite dominant narratives of microfinance which promote it as means to reduce financial exclusion, just 5% of the survey sample of people with disabilities had gained access to credit through a microfinance institution. The thesis goes on to examine the multitude of factors which impact the ability of people with disabilities to access such services, including the affordability of credit, the design of financial products, physical accessibility, social discrimination and self-exclusion. It also provides an assessment of the ways in which such barriers may be reduced, for example, through the employment of field agents, greater utilisation of mobile money platforms and the design of specific products targeted at people with disabilities. In addition, the research considers the impact that commercialisation has had on the microfinance sector in Uganda, and in particular the effect a move to a for-profit model has had on the accessibility of microfinance for people with disabilities. The thesis concludes by offering specific recommendations to reduce barriers to access, including collecting increased levels of data on current usage of small-scale loans by people with disabilities, strengthening relationships between disability organisations and microfinance institutions, and more rigorous enforcement of the existing Federal disability legislation in Uganda.

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Srinivasan, Krishnaswami. „A software shell for visually impaired applications“. Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/91105.

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An approach to introduce the visually impaired to personal computers is presented in this thesis. The PC used for this work was an IBM PC Portable. Use of the resident software developed in conjunction with a Votrax Voice Unit can greatly simplify PC applications for the visually impaired. Further, a method to communicate with a mainframe is also presented. Almost all of the commonly used DOS application software are supported by the software presented in this thesis. Two modes of operation are possible. The advantages and differences between these two modes are considered. A detailed discussion on the software implementation is also presented. A method to develop resident programs that need to trap PC BIOS vectors is presented. It should be noted that the shell concept presents a shell of user invoked resident applications and not a group of subprograms which can be used by other applications.
M.S.

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Williamson, Graham. „Instructor-trainee conversation in Adult Training Centre for people with learning disabilities : an analysis of the function and distribution of back channel tokens and personal names“. Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.261240.

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Walker, Zachary M. „The effects of the combination of interview practice in a mixed-reality environment and coaching on the interview performance of young adults with intellectual disabilities“. Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2012. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/5553.

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The purpose of this study was to identify if a functional relationship exists between a treatment combination of interview practice in a mixed-reality learning modality (TLE TeachLivETM) and the use of individualized coaching sessions on the interview performance of young adults with intellectual disabilities (ID). Student participants took part in live pre-interviews with the University of Central Florida (UCF) Office of Career Services measuring their current levels of employment interview performance. Student participants then engaged in interviews with avatars in the TLE TeachLivETM lab. After each treatment interview in the lab, student participants received individualized coaching sessions to assist them in improving their interview performance. Interview performance was rated in order to determine if the combination of interview practice and coaching increased student participant performance as measured on an interview rubric. Finally, student participants participated in live post-interviews with Office of Career Services to determine if the two-step instructional training intervention resulted in the improvement of interview performance in a natural, live setting. In addition, student participants, parents/primary caregivers, and an employee expert panel participated in a survey rating the goals, procedures, and outcomes of the study. Results indicated that the combination of interview practice in the TLE TeachLivETM setting and coaching was associated with immediate gains in the interview performance of student participants. Student participant performance also improved in live interview settings. Social validity data indicated that using this combination intervention was both valuable and appropriate in preparing individuals with ID for employment interviews.
ID: 031001273; System requirements: World Wide Web browser and PDF reader.; Mode of access: World Wide Web.; Adviser: Wilfred Wienke.; Title from PDF title page (viewed February 22, 2013).; Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Central Florida, 2012.; Includes bibliographical references (p. 156-181).
Ph.D.
Doctorate
Education and Human Performance
Education; Exceptional Education

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Pérez, Conesa Francisco Javier. „Políticas y estrategias de integración laboral de personas con discapacidad y comportamiento organizativo“. Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/666988.

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La presente tesis tiene por objeto analizar la influencia de las políticas y estrategias de integración laboral de personas con discapacidad sobre la organización y sobre los empleados partiendo de la perspectiva de la Psicología del Trabajo y de las Organizaciones. Para ello, se parte de la conceptualización del modelo de comportamiento organizativo Auditoría del Sistema Humano-ASH (Quijano, 2006), ya que este tiene en cuenta las relaciones entre las políticas, los sistemas de gestión, y los resultados en las personas, además de facilitar instrumentos validados de medida (Quijano, Navarro, Yepes, Berger, y Romeo, 2008). Los elementos principales que aporta como valor diferencial esta tesis con relación a estudios anteriores, se fundamentan en el hecho de analizar el efecto a nivel organizacional y a nivel individual de las políticas relacionadas con la integración laboral de las personas con discapacidad en los sistemas de gestión de recursos humanos y en los resultados, tanto en el contexto de la empresa ordinaria como el del centro especial de empleo. Además, y de manera particularizada, aporta al área investigadora conocimientos y soporte empírico sobre las variables que contribuyen a la integración laboral de este colectivo.
The purpose of this thesis is to analyze the influence of the labor integration policies and strategies for people with disabilities on the organization and the employees, starting from the perspective of the Psychology of Work and Organizations. To do so, we start from the conceptualization of the organizational behavior model Human System Audit- HSA (Quijano, 2006), since it takes into account the connection between policies, management systems and results in people, and it also provides validated measurement instruments (Quijano, Navarro, Yepes, Berger, & Romeo, 2008). The main elements that this thesis provides as a differential value from previous studies are based on the analysis, at an organizational and individual level, of the impact of labor integration policies for people with disabilities on management systems, human resources and results, both in the context of the ordinary company and the special employment center. Moreover, and in detail, it provides to the research area knowledge and empirical support on the variables contributing to the labor integration of this group.

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Silva, Fábia Aparecida. „O profissional de recursos humanos frente à seleção de pessoas com deficiência para o trabalho em empresas, em obediência a lei de cotas - uma análise na perspectiva da psicologia sócio-histórica“. Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2015. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/17126.

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Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-29T13:31:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Fabia Aparecida Silva.pdf: 369310 bytes, checksum: bd523382f7b2c3304f18709b6e24e69a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-09-25
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
This research is subject to performance of professional human resources front of the selection of persons with disabilities within corporations within the sociohistorical psychology. His questioning lies in how the selection process, guided by techniques that consist of policies, ie, policies and procedures set by the organization that determine the future of the worker, will suit the peculiarities of the shortcomings? Justified this research to the extent that the figures released by research institutes presenting significant advances, regarding the inclusion of the disabled in the workplace, have not yet managed to achieve decent work provided by law, indicating that the quality of social inclusion that the legislation has guaranteed to persons with disabilities, needs to be debated and researched. The objectives are: to analyze the feelings, ideas and dilemmas that mobilize the HR professional; meet the selection practices; and reflect on the obstacles to the effectiveness of the quota law in the company. Thus, the results indicate that apparently occurs a related mystification concern not to discriminate thus refuses to disability and diluted the difference. Instead of contemplating the different needs, they are denied and homogenized. Not contemplate the uniqueness
A presente pesquisa tem por tema a atuação do profissional de recursos humanos frente à seleção de pessoas com deficiência dentro das corporações, no âmbito da psicologia sócio-histórica. Sua problematização se situa em como os processos seletivos, orientados por técnicas que são compostas por políticas, ou seja, normas e procedimentos definidos pela organização que determinam o futuro do trabalhador, vão se adequar às singularidades das deficiências? Justifica-se a presente investigação na medida em que os números divulgados pelos institutos de pesquisa apresentarem avanços significativos, no que tange à inclusão do deficiente no mundo do trabalho, ainda não se conseguiu atingir o trabalho decente previsto em lei, indicando que a qualidade da inclusão social que a legislação vem garantindo às pessoas com deficiência, precisa ser debatida e pesquisada. Os objetivos são: analisar os sentimentos, ideias e dilemas que mobilizam o profissional de RH; conhecer as práticas de seleção; e refletir sobre os obstáculos à efetivação da lei de cotas na empresa. Dessa forma, os resultados obtidos indicam que aparentemente ocorre uma mistificação relacionada a preocupação de não discriminar, assim, nega-se a deficiência e se dilui a diferença. Ao invés de contemplar as necessidades diferentes, elas são negadas e homogeneizadas. Não se contempla a singularidade

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Dämhagen, Emil. „Gym - en arena tillgänglig för alla? : en kvalitativ intervjustudie“. Thesis, Malmö universitet, Institutionen för socialt arbete (SA), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-45748.

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Tillgänglighet är ett begrepp som kan definieras på flera olika sätt, däribland en definition som kan sammanlänkas till den fysiska miljön. Syftet med uppsatsen är att beskriva hur chefer inom gym i södra Sverige definierar ordet tillgänglighet, beskriva hur yrkesverksamma inom gym i södra Sverige upplever sitt gyms tillgänglighet för medlemmar med fysiska funktionsnedsättningar samt, vad chefer inom gym i södra Sverige upplever att de gör för att förbättra tillgängligheten för medlemmar med fysiska funktionsnedsättningar. Studien har en kvalitativ ansats där fyra olika chefer för fyra olika gym har intervjuats. För att förstå resulteten har teorierna om den sociala modellen samt cripteori använts. Resultatet påvisar att informanterna hade andra associationer till begreppet tillgänglighet än just kopplat till den fysiska miljön. Vidare visar intervjuernas resultat att cheferna upplever att det finns många brister i gymmets fysiska miljö ur ett tillgänglighetsperspektiv och att de flesta av cheferna arbetar för att förbättra tillgängligheten. Slutsatse av uppsatsen belyser att gym inte är en arena som kan sägas vara tillgänglig för alla individer.
Acessibility is a concept that can be defined in several diferent ways, including a definition that can be linked to the physical environment. The purpose of the essay is to describe how managers in gym in southern Sweden define the word accessibility, describe how professionals in gym in southern Sweden experience their gym accessibility for members with physical disabilities and, what managers in gym in southern Sweden feel that they do to improve accessbility for members with physical disabilities. The study has a qualitative approach where four different managers for four different gyms have been interviewd. To understand the results, the theories of the social model and the crypt theory have been used. The results show that the informants had other associations to the concept avaliability than just connected to the physical enviornment. Furthermore, the results of the interviews show that the managers feel that there are many shortcomings in the gym`s physical environment from an accesibility perspective and that most of the managers work to improve accessibility. The conclusion of te essay highlights that the gym is not an arena that can be said to be accessible to all individuals.

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Åström, Veronica. „Ensamhet bland äldre: en 10-årig jämförelse“. Thesis, Ersta Sköndal Bräcke högskola, Institutionen för socialvetenskap, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:esh:diva-7633.

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Problemområde och syfte: Åldrandet kan innebära såväl fysiska som psykiska utmaningar för den enskilde. Kroppen och tillvaron förändras och möjligheterna att delta i sociala nätverk som man gjort tidigare kan begränsas. Många upplever ensamhet vilket i tidigare forskning har visat sig få konsekvenser för såväl välbefinnande som fysisk och psykisk hälsa. Denna studie fokuserar på några av de faktorer som hänger samman med åldrandets livsvillkor; social aktivitet, socialt stöd, ekonomi samt rörelseförmåga och hur dessa kan sättas i samband med upplevelser av ensamhet hos äldre. I en tioårig jämförelse undersöks: (a) hur äldres sociala aktiviteter, socialt stöd, ekonomi och rörelseförmåga förändras över tid, (b) hur upplevelsen av ensamhet hos äldre förändras över tid och (c) hur förändringar gällande social aktivitet, socialt stöd, ekonomi och rörelseförmåga under denna tid påverkar upplevelsen av ensamhet. Material: Data från insamlingstillfällena 2004 och 2014 i den nationellt representativa Swedish Panel Study of Living Conditions of the Oldest Old (SWEOLD), en longitudinell undersökning utifrån urvalet i den svenska levnadsnivåundersökningen (LNU) användes (n = 466). Metod: Samband mellan ensamhet 2004 och 2014 och social aktivitet, socialt stöd, ekonomi samt rörelseförmåga undersöktes i bivariata analyser och logistiska regressioner. Samband mellan ensamhet 2014 och förändringar under 2004-2014 gällande social aktivitet, socialt stöd, ekonomi samt rörelseförmåga undersöktes i logistisk regression. Resultat: Socialt stöd, ekonomisk buffert och rörelseförmåga kunde associeras till känslor av ensamhet 2004 men endast socialt stöd kvarstod som signifikant associerat till ensamhet då man kontrollerat för kön, ålder och ensamboende. Social aktivitet, socialt stöd och rörelseförmåga kunde associeras till känslor av ensamhet 2014, sambanden kvarstod efter att ja kontrollerat för nämnda bakomliggande faktorer. Social aktivitet och rörelseförmåga minskade betydande under den undersökta tioårsperioden, men endast minskning i rörelseförmåga kunde tydligt associeras till ensamhet. Resultaten analyseras utifrån ett kapabilitetsteoretiskt perspektiv. Slutsatser: Att ha nära stödjande relationer, delta i social aktivitet och inte hämmas av fysisk funktionsnedsättning är viktiga aspekter för att undvika ensamhet. Studien framhåller vikten av det sociala arbetet och samhällets ansvar att möta upp med förmågor när den enskildes inre förmågor avtar, för att på så sätt bidra med möjligheter för den anskilde att leva ett värdigt och värdefullt liv.
Objectives: Aging process may include both physical and mental challenges for the individual. Body and life go through changes and limit the opportunities to participate in social networks in same extent as before. Many elderly experience loneliness, which in previous studies has been shown to have consequences for well-being as for physical and mental health. The objective of this study was to examine some of the factors associated with living conditions in old age (+70); social activity, social support, economy as well as mobility problems and how these can be associated with experiences of loneliness among the elderly. Examined in present ten year comparison is: (a) how the extent of social activities, social support, economy and mobility change over time, (b) how the experience of loneliness in old age change over time and (c) how changes in social activity, social support, economy and mobility during this ten year period affects the experience of loneliness. Material: Data from the 2004 and 2014 waves of the nationally representative Swedish Panel Study of Living Conditions of the Oldest Old (SWEOLD), a longitudinal study and database based on the sample of the Swedish level of living survey (LNU) was used (n = 466). Methods: Correlation between 2004 and 2014 loneliness and social activity, social support, economy and mobility was investigated in bivariate analyses and logistic regressions. Relation between loneliness 2014 and changes during 2004-2014 in social activity, social support, economy and mobility were investigated in logistic regression. Results: Social activity, social support and mobility problems were associated with feelings of loneliness in both 2004 and 2014. Social support and mobility were associated with loneliness 2004 but only social support remained significant associated with loneliness when adjusting for gender, age and living alone. Social activity, social support and mobility were significantly associated with loneliness 2014 even when adjusting for gender, age and living alone. Social activity and mobility decreased during the ten year period but only decrease in mobility was significantly associated with loneliness. The results were analyzed in the light of the capability theory. Conclusions: Supportive relationships, participation in social activity and not be hampered by physical disabilities are important aspects to avoid loneliness. The study stresses the importance of the social work and society's responsibility to meet up with capabilities when the individual's own capabilities are declining to provide opportunities to live a dignified and valuable life.

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Blaizot, Alessandra. „La question du juste soin dans la prise en charge bucco-dentaire des patients présentant des limitations durables de leurs capacités de décision : des tensions éthiques aux perspectives d’évolution“. Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCB142/document.

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En France, sous l'impulsion de la loi du 4 mars 2002 relative aux droits des malades et à la qualité du système de santé, des modifications profondes de la relation de soin en faveur d'une participation plus active des patients ont été engagées imposant un repositionnement de chaque acteur de cette relation. La loi précise que l'implication des patients dans les processus de prise de décision doit être recherchée y compris lorsque les patients présentent des limitations de leurs capacités de décision. L'affirmation de ces droits va de pair avec la reconnaissance de capacités de décision aux patients et le développement d'une décision médicale partagée. Elle entraîne néanmoins, lorsque ces capacités sont atteintes, des difficultés concrètes dans le recueil du consentement du patient et/ou de ses représentants légaux et aidants. Il est aujourd'hui reconnu que les besoins en santé orale des patients présentant des limitations durables de leurs capacités de décision sont non satisfaits et augmentés par rapport à la population générale. Ces inégalités de santé résultent de nombreux obstacles dans l'accès aux soins et à la prévention, mais aussi dans la prise en charge, et alors que le principe d'égal accès au soin de tous les citoyens est reconnu comme un fondement juridique national. Cette situation constitue une perte de chance pour ces personnes d'autant plus qu'une santé bucco-dentaire dégradée peut avoir, au-delà des conséquences locales, des répercussions sur la santé générale et plus particulièrement sur la qualité de vie et l'intégration sociale. Ces difficultés cumulées quotidiennement conduiraient donc à privilégier des thérapeutiques symptomatiques sans réflexion de l'ensemble des acteurs autour d'une réhabilitation fonctionnelle globale. Pourtant, il est reconnu que la lutte contre les inégalités de santé passe par le développement d'une prise en charge globale de la santé. S'appuyant sur une participation des différents acteurs et notamment des patients aux prises de décision, celle-ci prévoit un décloisonnement entre les domaines relevant du sanitaire, du social et de l'éducatif pour un continuum par priorité. Ce travail, par une recherche qualitative et participative, a pour objectif d'explorer les raisons des limitations de réponse thérapeutique auprès de chaque acteur de la relation de soin - les patients, les aidants et les chirurgiens-dentistes. Une fois celles-ci mieux comprises, les différentes représentations sont confrontées et les tensions éthiques qui s'y dégagent discutées. Puis, des pistes d'évolution de la prise en charge de la santé orale, et au-delà, des évolutions sociétales sont proposées pour espérer à terme réduire les inégalités de santé
In France, under the impulse of the Law of 4 March 2002 on patients' rights and the quality of the health system, deep changes have been undertaken in the care relationship for a more active participation of patients. This imposes a repositioning of each individual involved in the relationship. The law specifies that the involvement of patients in decision-making should be sought even when they present limitations of their decision-making abilities. The affirmation of these rights is consistent with the recognition of patients' decision-making abilities and the development of a shared decision. Nevertheless, when the limits of these abilities are reached, it leads to practical difficulties in the consent of patients and/or legal guardians and caregivers. It is now recognized that the oral health needs of patients with enduring limitations of their decision-making abilities are not satisfied, and are increased compared to those of the general population. These health inequities result from many barriers in access to care and prevention, but also during care, and yet the principle of equal access to care for all citizens is recognized as a national legal principle. This situation constitutes a loss of opportunity for these people - especially as, beyond its local impacts, impaired oral health may have impacts on their overall health and particularly on their quality of life and social integration. These limitations, which accumulate day after day, may lead to symptomatic therapies being favoured without concerted thinking on a global functional rehabilitation. Yet it is recognized that the fight against health inequalities requires the development of comprehensive overall health care. This means that, relying on the participation of the different stakeholders including patients in decision-making, the barriers separating areas concerning health, social and educational care have to be abolished for a continuum by priority. The aim of this work is to explore, by qualitative and participatory research, the reasons for the limitations of the therapeutic response from each member of the care relationship - patients, caregivers and dentists. Once these reasons have been better understood, the different representations are considered face to face and the ethical tensions that emerge are discussed. Then, ways in which the management of oral health can be improved and, beyond this evolution, ways in which society could change are proposed with the ultimate hope of reducing health inequalities

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Ottosson, Jessica, und Marie Söderström. „Morot eller piska? : Distriktssköterskans hälsofrämjande arbete på LSS-bostäder - En kvalitativ intervjustudie“. Thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Institutionen för omvårdnad, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-42313.

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Personer med funktionsnedsättning är en utsatt grupp som lider av sämre hälsa än övriga befolkningen, vilket ser lika ut i hela världen. I Sverige är ohälsa hos personer med funktionsnedsättning vanligt förekommande och relaterad till ohälsosamma levnadsvanor, vilka till stor del skulle kunna förebyggas. Distriktssköterskan har ett ansvar att arbeta hälsofrämjande och är den profession som vanligen ansvarar för hälso- och sjukvården hos personer med funktionsnedsättning som bor på en LSS-bostad. Syftet med studien var att beskriva distriktssköterskans upplevelse av hälsofrämjande arbete hos personer som bor på LSS-bostäder. En kvalitativ studiedesign användes och data insamlades vid tio semistrukturerade intervjuer, vilka analyserades med kvalitativ innehållsanalys utifrån en induktiv ansats. Resultatet visar på att distriktssköterskor upplevde det hälsofrämjande arbetet som komplext med flera faktorer som påverkar. Många distriktssköterskor upplevde en frustration utifrån brist på resurser i form av tid och organisatoriskt stöd. Personalen som arbetar på LSS-bostäder var en viktig komponent i det hälsofrämjande arbetet och utgjorde en positiv faktor när kompetens och engagemang fanns, likväl som ett hinder när dessa delar saknades. Resultatet visade att bristande kommunikativa förmåga och insikt i hälsosamma levnadsvanor hos personer med funktionsnedsättning kunde utgöra ett hinder i det hälsofrämjande arbetet. Slutligen visar resultatet på brister i distriktssköterskans hälsofrämjande arbete hos personer som bor på LSS-bostäder. Det behövs fortsatt forskning i hur distriktssköterskan bör arbeta hälsofrämjande och hur distriktssköterskans förutsättningar för det arbetet kan förbättras.
People with disabilities are an exposed group who are less healthy and more likely to suffer from illness than the rest of the population. In Sweden, there is a clear connection between people with disabilities and an unhealthy lifestyle. This health issue can be prevented though. Community health nurses are responsible to promote health for people with disabilities living in residence with special services in group housing. The intention with this study is to learn about the experiences community health nurses have while promoting health in group housing. 10 semi-structured interviews have been conducted with community health nurses working with disabled persons living in group housing. Qualitative content analysis was used to analyze the interviews. The result showed that all nurses experienced their health promoting work as complexed and challenging. They were frustrated with the inadequacy of support from their employer and lack of time to set aside for these tasks. The nurses described the staff working in group housing as essential for health promoting. The staff was described as a positive influence when they were engaged and competent in their field but could also work as an obstacle when they lacked those capacities. The result showed that the nurses experienced the lack of communication abilities and understanding in a healthy lifestyle of the persons with disabilities as the biggest obstacle in their work. Lastly, the results show deficiency in the health promoting work at the residences with special services in group housing led by the nurses. Further research is needed, both regarding the way health promoting work can be conducted by the community health nurse and how the work conditions best could be adapted.

Godkännandedatum: 2020-11-04

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Young, AH. „Painting a visual language that interprets my personal world“. Thesis, 2005. https://eprints.utas.edu.au/22155/1/whole_YoungAlanHenry2005_thesis.pdf.

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This research project is based on the pursuit of a new personal visual language that interprets my immediate world. My paintings and drawings are grounded in my immediate environment and evolve directly out of personal experience. Central to my investigation is the development of a new set of symbols and an examination of how they have evolved. Recording these experiences in an autobiographical and diaristic way is a fundamental part of my process. Journal sketching and independent drawing is critical to the evolution of the paintings, particularly their combination of pictograms and text. The work charts my navigation through space and also describes the characters that I come in contact with, communicate with or just "bump up against". The characters I describe fall into three categories; people I know well, people I hardly know and people I imagine and would like to meet. I have an unusual neurological condition, which involves problems with balance, weakness and tremor. These influence how I look and behave in a way that makes me appear "different" and makes my view of the world and my place in it unique. This element of being different results in me being involved in some situations which make me feel uncomfortable, uneasy, vulnerable, and at times frustrated. My physical limitations also determine my painting style. This project is positioned within the field of artists who came to prominence in the 1980s, representing a move away from Modernism's international language and a return to the developing of a personal language. Such artists include the Americans Jean-Michel Basquiat and Philip Guston as well as Australian artists Gareth Sansom and Gordon Bennett. These artists all sought and articulated a personal vocabulary of signs and symbols relating to contemporary popular urban culture, and informed my own pursuit of a visual language with particular iconographies and modes of expression.

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Yang, Stephanie, und 楊淑君. „Action Research of Personal Futures Planning for People with Visual Impairment and Additional Disabilities“. Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/dyac59.

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碩士
國立彰化師範大學
復健諮商研究所
107
Through the action research, this study explored how to establish a con-crete and feasible model and procedures for people with Visual Impairments and Additional Disabilities through Personal Futures Planning. From the model of Personal Futures Planning, the study also explored the difficulties and countermeasures when the organization implemented individual transi-tion plans, transition evaluations, and transition services. The researcher ini-tially selected a transferring-out client and a transferring-in client to partici-pate in the study at a Day Care Program in Taichung, and supervised each group participated and fulfilled the entire process of the action research. The core value of the Personal Futures Planning is the spirit of person-centered, which together with the six steps and two activities constitute the nine ele-ments of the Personal Futures Planning; these six steps are: 1. establish a transition team, 2. collect data, 3. develop an initial plan, 4. evaluations, 5. develop action plans, 6. Review and follow up; The two main activities are: convene meetings and create a personal portfolio. Eventually, based on the results of the study, the researcher provided in-formation to the individual, parents, service agencies, educational institutions, government agencies, and future research for future implementation.

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Azeez, Cinnamon Christine. „Siblings of people with disabilities: A developmental analysis of the effects, impacts, and patterns of adaptation“. 2001. https://scholarworks.umass.edu/dissertations/AAI3027175.

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Throughout their lives, siblings who have a brother or sister with a disability will face many challenges. Much of the research in this area has been quantitative and has resulted in contradictory conclusions. The purpose of this study was to investigate how siblings are affected by an exceptional brother or sister throughout life, how they adapt at different stages through the life span, and how adult siblings re-conceptualize their sibling relationships (retrospection reflection). Specifically, this study explored the developmental considerations when examining relationships with, effects of, and reactions to a sibling with a disability, and to compare and contrast the issues and themes across the life span. Open ended interviews were held with 12 key informants. The key segments of the interviews were transcribed and then analyzed for reoccurring themes at each stage, and changes across the stages. Insights into the sibling experience at different stages of development were offered and helped make sense of much of the previous quantitative research. What was discovered is that of course developmental periods do influence how siblings are affected, impacted, how they relate to their siblings, and how they cope. This research demonstrated that there are many common themes, sub themes, and facets and although the themes remain quite static across the 3 developmental periods, the underlying characteristics of the themes definitely change as siblings develop. However, this developmental investigation is so complex that there are no easy conclusions and findings differ somewhat in each individual sibling.

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Mathias, Jane L. (Jane Leanne). „Social intelligence and personal competence in mentally retarded adolescents / Jane L. Mathias“. 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/20407.

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Bibliography : leaves 321-350
xxi, 350 leaves ; 30 cm.
Title page, contents and abstract only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University Library.
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Psychology, 1990

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YAO, CHUNG-HUI, und 姚仲徽. „Risk Assessment of Osteoporosis in People with Intellectual Disabilities Based on the Effect of Personal Health Status and Lifestyle“. Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/42538482863456608815.

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碩士
國防醫學院
公共衛生學研究所
103
Background: Osteoporosis can lead to various parts of the body fracture and thereby affecting the function of physical activities in daily life. It’s more likely to cause disability and even death. Although there are many discussions on osteoporosis risk factors in the past studies, few people attach importance to the correlation between intellectual disability people and osteoporosis. Objectives: The purpose of this study is to confer the demography, personal traits and patterns of daily life of people with intellectual disabilities above 18 years old and analyzing relevant factors between intellectual disabilities and osteoporosis. Methods: The study is by a cross-sectional investigation, according to the Health and Welfare Department of the Ministry of Social and Family Statistics, first through sampling disability organizations in Taiwan and doing self-questionnaire survey, and the main object of this study are all students in the organization over the age of 18. The questionnaire contains five parts: basic information intellectual disabilities, and eating behaviors, habits, physical condition and osteoporosis risk assessment scales and analyzed using SPSS 20.0. Results: Results show that the health condition of ID adults, 43.9% had chronic diseases and 62.7% were under long-term medication. For lifestyle, 23% with poor diet behaviors, 91.1% have regular workout 4.4 times a week. Each workout time is 15-30 minutes (63.0%). With a multiple logistic regression analysis, gender, age and eating behaviors were the main factors of ID people had osteoporosis. Man had lower risk of having osteoporosis (OR=0.327), and the risk of people aged 50 years or above was higher than age 18-29 years (OR=4.247). People with poor eating behaviors also got higher risk than other diet modules. (OR=13.363) Conclusions: The study highlights that gender, age and eating behaviors might cause higher risk of ID people having osteoporosis. Therefore, this study suggests that it is important to develop appropriate strategies for people with ID to prevent osteoporosis and ensure their life quality and personal health.

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Kao, Ya-Yu, und 高雅郁. „Independent Living for People with Disabilities : A Comparison of Services Provided by Personal Assistants, Live-in Migrant Care Workers, and Homecare Workers“. Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/58539676498632429879.

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碩士
國立陽明大學
衛生福利研究所
101
In order to live in the community independently, people with disabilities may choose to use home-based care (HC) services or hire a live-in migrant care worker (MC) in Taiwan. Since 2008, personal assistant (PA) services were just launched by an NPO, then, people with disabilities have another choice to apply for a PA in their daily life. Among these three services, which one for the users is more appreciated to support them to live independently? However, no research has focused on the comparison of these three services from the users’ own perspectives. This study aims to explore the users’ experiences and perceptions while they use these three services and also compare which service/s supports them to live in the community more independently. An in-depth interview was conducted and 6 users who have used at least two of these three services were invited and completed the interview between March to April, 2011. Findings suggest that the PA and MC were more welcomed by the users while comparing home-based care services. The MC could provide the longest hours of services, thus they became the essential assistants for the participants in their daily life. However, the ‘longest-working-hours’ was also the controversy for the live-in migrant care workers’ working conditions. The system of PA was designed to support people with disabilities. The PA provided the services from the wants of people with disabilities. The users felt they could control their own life with his/her PA’s support. However, the limited hours of services provided and resources also caused the users losing their autonomy. The users felt they were controlled while using the services provided by homecare workers; to what extent of the personal service programmes provided to them were determined by the professionals and the service providers. Additionally, due to the limit of hours of home care services provided, the family was still the primary support of daily life for people with disabilities. From the perspective of independent living for people with disabilities, these three services are all with strengths and limitations. However, for users, they just expect the service hours can meet their needs and the cost of services can be affordable. Furthermore, the users also look forward to being able to control their own life. How to reorganize these three service systems and provide more flexible and accountable services to the users, also, to build up a friendly working conditions for personal assistants, live-in migrant care workers and home care workers, it needs the efforts from state, service systems, service providers, and family of people with disabilities.

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Chen, Bin. „Mental Capacity to Transact“. Thesis, 2019. https://doi.org/10.7916/d8-xvpf-aa76.

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Elder financial abuse is an alarming problem in this era of aging population. Baby boomers are entering retirement with a higher life expectancy and more wealth than any generation before them. The combination of mental decline and substantial wealth renders many seniors vulnerable to overreach. Empirical studies suggest that financial abuse against seniors is hard to detect and likely prevalent. In private suits alleging elder financial abuse, courts often apply the mental capacity doctrine to avoid seemingly exploitative contracts, gifts and many other lifetime transactions. The formal rationales for avoidance are that the elderly party to the impugned transaction lacked mental capacity, and that the transaction was inequitable. Moreover, guardians and attorneys who manage property for the elderly may have perverse incentives to exploit their position. Presuming the worst from the property manager, courts and legislatures typically impose onerous fiduciary duties to minimize conflicts of interest and deter misconduct. Orthodox fiduciary law explicitly aims to overdeter. This Dissertation first argues that the mental capacity doctrine in prevailing American law is ill-suited for the era of aging population. In theory, the doctrine grants a mentally-incapable individual a power to choose whether to avoid her transactions. In reality, that power is usually exercised by a claimant who expects to inherit from the incapable individual. Prevailing doctrinal theories overlook the possibility that the claimant may seek to avoid a transaction to increase her expected inheritance rather than to advance the interests of the incapable individual. The mental capacity doctrine thus poses a heighted risk of avoiding transactions that actually benefited potentially incapable seniors and reflected their testamentary intent. This harms the welfare of many seniors by unduly limiting their ability to benefit their close relatives and friends, reward informal caregiving, and recruit their preferred caregivers. The mental capacity doctrine can nonetheless be reformulated to offer appropriate protection against elder financial abuse without undue intrusion into close families and personal relationships. In particular, when applied to transactions involving close relatives and friends, the doctrine should be narrow, determinate, and respectful of individual will and preferences. This Dissertation further argues that orthodox fiduciary law is too strict on most guardians and agents who manage property for the elderly. The problem is that mental or physical decline is common among seniors, but a lack of mental capacity typically stultifies the power to authorize a fiduciary to depart from adherence to strict fiduciary duty. By contrast, mentally-capable individuals are free to discharge those aspects of fiduciary law that they find intrusive and undesirable. In other words, while fiduciary law is mostly a default law when applied to capable individuals, it is a mandatory law when applied to elderly incapable individuals. Harming the welfare of many seniors, mandatory application of fiduciary law tends to stultify the pursuit of valuable other-regarding preferences in close families and personal relationships. Such strict and inflexible application further disregards the presence of intrinsic bonds and informal norms. To remedy these shortcomings, this Dissertation proposes a substituted-judgment defense to permit those departures from strict fiduciary law that the incapable individual would have authorized if she was mentally-capable. This defense should be made available to close relatives and friends but not to profit-driven professionals. To deter and sanction elder financial abuse by professional guardians and agents, this Dissertation also proposes reforms to harness their reputational concerns.

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Magenuka, Nkosazana Selina. „The personal and embodied experiences of people living with a spinal cord injury in the or Tambo district municipality in the Eastern Cape“. Thesis, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/2179.

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The study was undertaken to deepen understanding of living with a spinal cord injury (SCI) in the rural communities of the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa (RSA). The OR Tambo District Municipality, which was selected for its accessibility to the researcher, is virtually rural, the infrastructure is poorly developed and there is low socio-economic activity in the rural areas of the old Transkei. In the RSA services for management and rehabilitation of SCIs varies from province to province. A Heideggerian phenomenological approach was used to interpret the meaning of living with SCI persons in a rural community. The purpose was to describe and interpret what being-in the-world as a spinal cord injured person meant to the particpants. A key assumption in phenomenology is that understanding human beings and their actions is best achieved through examination of human experiences. Experience, including experience with living with SCI, offers itself as a record of human encounters, the interface between persons and their world, and experience can only be understood in terms of background and the social context of the experience (Pateman & Johnson 2000: 51). Phenomenological interviews with ten people living with SCI explored their experience. The overall goal was to increase awareness of their experiences of living with SCI, and to encourage incorporation of knowledge gained into nursing practice. The central question in the study was `What is it like to live with a spinal cord injury in a rural community? Data were analysed according to Heideggerian hermeneutic phenomenology. Two main themes were identified, namely reconceptualising being-in-the-world as a person with a disability; and being-with-each-other: experiencing being excluded, objectified and marginalized. The participants engaged in a process of reconstructing their identities following the traumatic loss of sensory and motor functioning. Data reflect the social and economic context in which living with SCI is experienced. The respondents' life experiences were influenced by socio-political, economic and historical factors, namely geographic location, poor infrastructure, poverty, low educational status, and unemployment and the community at large. It was noted that participants experienced difficulties in several areas in their daily life realm; naming, coping with health and disability problems, family interactions and relationships, and non-accessibility of amenities, including their own dwellings. In addition, being a person living with an SCI in the rural communities of the OR Tambo District Municipality carries a high physical and social risk due to lack of resources. The inability to live up to generally expected social roles led to role dissatisfaction. There is an urgent need for social support to overcome the negative societal attitudes experienced. They are forced into isolation with a limited social life and are poorly integrated into the communities in which they live. Most of what the participants raised pointed towards inadequate preparation for the outside world. Therefore, a holistic approach to rehabilitation is recommended, as holism means addressing the physical, social, emotional and cognitive needs. Accordingly, the researcher developed guidelines for facilitating community integration. In conclusion, understanding how people experience living with SCI in a rural community is an essential prerequisite to the development of appropriate strategies to facilitate community integration.
Health Studies
D. Litt et Phil (Health Studies)

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Wagland, Suzanne. „Financial outcomes in retirement for female primary carers in Australia focusing on informal elder care“. Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1959.7/uws:56638.

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A number of researchers have examined likely financial outcomes in retirement for female primary carers in Australia. This literature has been motivated by both the significant proportion of working age women providing care, and the social and economic value of their unpaid labour. Although offering valuable insights into the significant relation between the life-course timing of care provision and superannuation balances, the existing literature does not consider the financial consequences in retirement for women who care for their parents, and in particular, those who simultaneously or sequentially “sandwich” this care with raising children. This thesis addresses this omission by developing a series of superannuation accumulation scenarios for carers of elders, and “sandwich generation” carers from a range of estimated life-course employment and earnings profiles. Within the framework of feminist political economy, the thesis interprets estimated financial outcomes for various cohorts of carers in the context of their likely financial needs in retirement. These outcomes are compared with likely outcomes for various cohorts of non-carers, including male and female full-time workers and mothers working part-time. The results indicate that average full-time continuous workers are unlikely to amass superannuation balances sufficient for their financial needs in retirement, and that “sandwich generation” carers along with mothers raising children with disabilities are likely to be particularly adversely affected. The research thus supports the body of literature challenging claims that Australia’s current retirement income policy is efficient and equitable. Additionally, claims that the current system will relieve the fiscal burden of the ageing population on future generations become contestable in light of the likely unsustainable outcomes for those currently providing substantial and unpaid elder care.

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Mokoena, Marshal Buti. „Improving the lifestyles of previously disadvantaged individuals through a personal life planning programme“. Thesis, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/1752.

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There is scant research concerning youth development programmes specifically from Adler's (1968) Individual Psychology perspective. Current programmes seem to be void of critical issues that are important in the local context because of their having a strong bias towards the Western perspective. Thus, the present research project sought firstly to assist the Previously Disadvantaged Youth (PDY) to develop constructive lifestyles characterised by self-mastery, encouragement, creativity and social interest. Secondly, it aimed to obtain specific local African input that would help expand the current Personal Life Planning Programme (PLPP) to one that addresses the unique needs and circumstances confronting South African PDYs today. Finally, it attempted to test the validity, scope and merit of Adler's theoretical assertion, within the context of the previously disadvantaged communities in South Africa, that all humans are engaged in a lifelong striving for superiority to overcome perpetual feelings of inferiority and life tasks. The latter objectives were addressed through the implementation of the PLPP. The study, as well as the related PLPP, is strongly founded on Adler's Individual Psychology (Adler, 1968; Ansbacher & Ansbacher 1956; Corsini & Wedding, 2005; Meyer et al., 2003; Prochaska & Narcross cited in Osborn, 2001). The relevant data were collected from a sample of matriculants from the PDY population living in a black township near Pretoria. The information was collected by means of the PLPP workbook; semi structured interviews, as well as, audiovisual equipment. A combination of a "Pre-structured Case Outline" and the related "Sequential Analysis" (Miles & Huberman, 1994, p. 85) was adopted, with the researcher undertaking the entire data management process. In addition to confirming the applicability of Adler's theory within the PDY context, the findings suggest that the research objectives were significantly met, i.e. the participants reported and displayed marked lifestyle improvements along with specific life skills development needs related to their deprivation.
Psychology
D. Litt. et Phil. (Psychology)

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JANKOVCOVÁ, Kateřina. „Příprava a realizace týdenního intervenčního jógového programu zaměřeného na rozvoj jemné motoriky a pohyblivosti u lidí s mentálním postižením“. Master's thesis, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-49468.

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This thesis deals with development of personal, but mainly physical and motor skills of people with mental disabilities by application of yoga movement therapy. My research has aimed to find out if an intensive week-long programme of yoga relaxation exercises can lead to improvement of fine motor skills, mobility, and the overall physical condition of mentally-disabled people of the 1st to 3rd level of disability. The research was conducted during the week-long school stay in nature. The participants were tested both the first and last day of their stay. The research sample was composed of six women and four men from the school for persons with special needs in Česke Budějovice. The methods utilised during the research were direct observation, evaluation and questioning to detect changes in indicators of physical condition and fine motor skills (including grasping reflexes of participants and familiarisation with new expressions). The results show positive change in these indicators. The therapy regimen resulted in the improvement in movement coordination, fine subtle skills of arms in everyday{\crq}s patient{\crq}s self-care activities; and the positive influence of yoga was also observed on psychological well-being of participants. The research project was beneficial for the participants and can serve as a model for further utilisation in the field applications of yoga exercises for people with mental disabilities.

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SEDLÁKOVÁ, Kateřina. „Individuální plánování jako nástroj pro zvyšování kvality sociální služby osobní asistence u lidí s těžkým tělesným postižením a seniorů v Praze“. Master's thesis, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-154761.

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This diploma thesis is concerned with individual planning with regard to the social service of personal assistance. The theoretical part contains a description of the origin and history of personal assistance in the world and in the Czech Republic. The theoretical part elaborates in detail on the no. 5 standard of quality of services provided and its four criteria. It also provides an overview of existing approaches toward individual planning of the social service of personal assistance for the target group of people with physical disabilities and seniors, including their positives and negatives, which the system of individual planning brings to providers of the social service of personal assistance and its users. The diploma thesis had two goals. The first was to ascertain the value of individual planning for users of the social service of personal assistance. The second was to assess the benefits that individual planning brings to organizations that provide the social service of personal assistance to people with serious physical disabilities and seniors with regard to improving the efficacy of the work of their employees. The practical part is based on qualitative research, with the main method of data collection being semi-structured interviews. The results showed that users do not see a major change in the way personal assistance is provided after the introduction of the individual planning system when compared to the situation before. Users mainly appreciated the fact that assistants are well-prepared even before the provision of assistance starts. This factor was unequivocally praised as a positive and a reason why individual planning should be introduced. In conclusion, the only negative aspect of individual planning for the employees was considered to be a higher administrative load, which, however, they were able to handle in the end, according their responses. On the other hand, both groups considered the greater level of preparedness of the social workers ? personal assistants during their social work a big benefit.

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Maluka, Constance Sarah. „Subjective well-being and self-esteem in a disadvantaged community“. Diss., 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/1859.

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As people meet their basic biological needs, they become increasingly concerned with higher level needs, such as personal development and positive well-being. The term "subjective well-being" (SWB) refers to people's evaluations of their lives and although relatively stable, people's levels of SWB are influenced by life events. The high position of esteem needs in Maslow's hierarchy of needs reflects the importance of self-esteem in people's judgement of their quality of life. A one group post test only, analytical research design was utilised with 570 residents of an informal settlement in Soweto. A structured questionnaire was designed to obtain information on demographic variables, levels of SWB and levels of self-esteem. The levels of SWB and self-esteem within the community were relatively high. Multiple regression analyses models confirmed that demographic factors are weakly correlated with SWB and self-esteem. Self-esteem was highly correlated with life satisfaction.
Psychology
M.A. (Psychology)

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Seeley, Ana-Cristina. „Work-family balance : an interpretive approach to understanding perceptions and strategies of dual-earner couples in Cape Town, South Africa“. Diss., 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/18793.

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Balancing the work and family domains is an ongoing concern for men and women in dual-earner relationships. However, most of the research studies that have explored work-family balance, have been conducted within the North American context using highly educated middle-class couples. Furthermore, no known South African studies have explored work-family balance experiences and strategies based on the couple as a unit. The aim of this study is therefore to understand how middle-class South African dual-earner couples experience and pursue work-family balance. A sample comprising ten multi-racial, middle-class, heterosexual dual-earner couples with children, who work in different employment sectors, and reside in Cape Town, South Africa, were selected purposefully through the use of convenience and snow-ball sampling techniques. The interpretive approach located within the qualitative paradigm was employed to understand the subjective experiences of couples through the method of semi-structured conjoint interviews. All conjoint interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed for later analysis. Patterns and themes within the data were identified using thematic analysis and later organised through the use of thematic networks. Two organising themes were uncovered for the global theme "subjective experiences of work-family balance amongst dual-earner couples", namely that work-family balance is a unique experience, and that work-family balance is a dynamic process. Furthermore, the data analysis revealed ten organising themes for the global theme "strategies dual-earner couples use to pursue a work-family balance", namely that striving towards an egalitarian marital relationship helps to promote couples' experience of work-family balance; proactively structuring opportunities for time with family contributes to a balanced work and family life; accessing familial and paid support promotes feelings of being successful in balancing work and family roles; shared planning and organisation facilitates a better balance of work and family roles; living within means relieves couples of unnecessary financial stress; creating opportunities for "alone time" supports couples' work-family balance; work validation and satisfaction encourages greater experiences ofwork-family balance; having the ability to control one's schedule ensures greater freedom to transition between work and family domains; setting boundaries around work and family domains helps couples maintain their balance; and relying on faith to cope with work and family stressors leads to a more balanced life. Each organising theme contained several basic themes which were discussed in relation to previous literature and/or research studies.
Psychology
M.A. (Psychology)

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