Dissertationen: „Pea (Pisum sativum)“

1

Byrne, Oonagh Marie Therese. „Incorporation of pea weevil resistance from wild pea (Pisum fulvum) into cultivated field pea (Pisum sativum)“. University of Western Australia, 2005. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2005.0132.

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The pea weevil (Bruchus pisorum L.) is the most significant pest of field pea (Pisum sativum L.) in Australia. The only available means for controlling pea weevil at the present time is with chemical pesticides. The aim of this study was to introgress natural pea weevil resistance, derived from the wild pea species, Pisum fulvum Sibth. & Sm. into cultivated field pea and devise strategies for screening for the resistance with breeding applications. Traditional breeding methods were used to transfer pea weevil resistance from P. fulvum accession ‘ATC113’ to cultivated field pea, cv. ‘Pennant’. Progeny derived from this population were examined for inheritance of pod and seed resistance. Seed resistance in F2 plants segregated in a ratio of 1:37:26 (resistant: mixed response: susceptible), indicating a trigenic mode of inheritance (1:63), with at least three major recessive genes controlling pea weevil resistance. Seed resistance was conserved over consecutive generations (F2 to F5) and was successfully transferred to populations crossed with a second adapted field pea variety‘Helena’. Pod resistance presented as a quantitative trait in the F2 population, but this resistance was not retained in subsequent generations. Amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLPs) were sought in the parents and in resistant and susceptible F3 plants. Restricted maximum likelihood (REML) analysis was used to identify 13 AFLP markers with a statistically significant association with pea weevil resistance and 23 with pea weevil susceptibility. Principal coordinate analysis (PCO) showed that the AFLP marker loci formed clusters in the PCO space, which could indicate the three proposed gene locations. Eight AFLP markers were cloned, sequenced and converted to sequence characterised amplified regions (SCAR). Two SCAR markers, SC47359 and SC47435 were polymorphic between the resistant and susceptible parents. Both markers co-segregated with the resistant lines and with 30-36% of susceptible lines. Plants which did not possess either band were highly susceptible. The other PCR products were either monomorphic between the resistant and susceptible parents or produced more than one band product. A range of phenotypic traits was measured in the F2 population derived from the hybridisation between P. fulvum and P. sativum and associations with pea weevil resistance were made. In the F2 population, pea weevil resistance was not correlated with any of the negative traits originating from the wild parent, such as increased basal branching, dark seed coat or small seed size, neither was resistance correlated with flower colour, flowering time or seeds per pod. Pea weevil resistance should therefore be transferable with minimal linkage drag. A convenient morphological marker, such as flower or seed colour was not identified in this study based on these results. Using principal component analysis (PCA) as a visual tool, resistant and semi-resistant plants in the F3 and ‘backcross’ introgression populations were identified with improved trait performance compared with the wild parent

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2

Dunn, Steven Mark. „The 5'-methylthioadenosine nucleosidase of pea (Pisum sativum)“. Thesis, University of Exeter, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.314442.

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3

Doulis, Andreas G. „Antioxidant responses of pea (Pisum sativum L.) protoplasts“. Diss., This resource online, 1994. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-09192008-063125/.

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4

Gould, Kevin. „Control of leaf morphogenesis in Pisum sativum L“. Thesis, University of Manchester, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.370417.

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5

Tomlinson, Kim Louise. „Starch synthesis in leaves of pea (Pisum sativum L.)“. Thesis, University of East Anglia, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.297009.

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6

Jones, Craigh G. „Molecular studies of pea (Pisum sativum L.) seed proteases“. Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.358347.

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7

Amarakoon, Amarakoon Rajapakse Wasala Mohotti Mudiyanselage Darshika. „Iron Biofortification Potential of Field Pea (Pisum Sativum L.)“. Thesis, North Dakota State University, 2012. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/26518.

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Iron (Fe) deficiency affects more than 3 billion of the global population. The objectives of this study were to (1) determine the genetic and environmental variation of seed Fe concentration and food matrix factors that govern Fe bioavailability in field peas (Pisum sativum L.) grown in North Dakota, USA in 2010 and 2011, and (2) determine the genetic variation of Fe uptake by field pea grown under greenhouse conditions with different Fe treatments. Seed Fe concentration in field pea samples from the field study ranged between 46-53 mg/kg with a mean of 51 mg/kg. Mean concentrations of the food matrix factors in those field peas were as follows: phytic acid=5.1 mg/g, xanthophyll=17.3 mg/100 g, canthaxanthin=86.8 mg/100 g, beta-carotene=516.8 ?g/100 g, kestose=1697 mg/100g, quercetin=54.3 mg/100 g, and ferulic acid=46.9 mg/100 g. DS Admiral and CDC Golden showed high concentrations of Fe promoter compounds and low concentrations of phytic acid. DS Admiral showed high Fe uptake with increasing Fe fertilizer rates in the greenhouse study. Therefore, DS Admiral and CDC Golden could be potential field pea genotypes for future Fe biofortification efforts.

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8

Edwards, E. Anne. „Characterisation of glutathione reductase from Pisum sativum L“. Thesis, University of East Anglia, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.278197.

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9

Mayer, Melinda Jane. „Gene expression during late embryogenesis in pea (Pisum sativum L)“. Thesis, Durham University, 1993. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/5722/.

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A thesis submitted by Melinda Jane Mayer, B.Sc.(Bristol) in accordance with the requirements of the University of Durham for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Department of Biological Sciences, August 1993.Two cDNA libraries were constructed from desiccating pea cotyledons. Differential screening of the libraries with cDNA from an earlier developmental stage (physiological maturity) demonstrated that the abundant message population during dehydration shows some noticeable differences to the message populations present before desiccation. Clones hybridising to a polyubiquitin probe were isolated from a cDNA library. These clones were identified as messages for the two types of ubiquitin extension proteins (with 52 and 79 residue tails), already characterised in other species as being involved in ribosome biogenesis. The pea ubiquitin extension tail amino acid sequences showed considerable homology to tails from other plants, animals, yeast and protozoa, including a nuclear localisation site and a putative zinc-binding nucleic acid binding domain, the positions of which are conserved within the tail sequences. Sequencing of a second polyubiquitin cDNA from pea leaf demonstrated that pea contains a ubiquitin multigene family of at least four members. The expression of several genes associated with plant response to stress and two abundant seed messages (Leg A and J) was examined in developing and dehydrating cotyledons and axes. This confirmed conspicuous variations in the message levels of the genes examined as the cotyledons aged, with different members of the ubiquitin and legumin multigene families showing differential expression with age. It was also demonstrated that the expression pattern of certain messages in the cotyledons was different to that in the axes and other seed tissues. This was confirmed by an analysis of total and albumin protein fractions in cotyledons and axes. The effect on specific message and protein levels of premature desiccation treatments indicated that the temporal expression of several seed genes is related to the state of hydration of the seed, artificial desiccation leading to premature maturation. Seed storage protein message and protein levels were especially increased by premature desiccation. Legumin seed storage protein messages were also shown to be responsive to exogenous ABA applied to immature cotyledons during the seed filling stage. However, the other stress-related messages examined in pea (ubiquitin and a pea putative metallothionein) were not responsive to exogenous ABA at this developmental stage.

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10

Goodlad, J. S. „Digestion and large intestinal fermentation of pea (Pisum sativum) carbohydrates“. Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.234536.

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11

Alcalde, Jose Antonio. „Genetic characterisation of photothermal flowering responses in pea (Pisum sativum)“. Thesis, University of Reading, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.264414.

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12

Davies, Nanette Dulcie. „Study of initiation of DNA replication in pea (Pisum sativum)“. Thesis, University of Exeter, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.235970.

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13

Johnson, Claire Felicity. „Polar auxin transport in the intact pea (Pisum sativum L.)“. Thesis, University of Southampton, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.293614.

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14

Klak, Cornelia. „The expression of LEA proteins in Pisum sativum (pea) seeds“. Thesis, University of Cape Town, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/26393.

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15

Hillbur, Ylva. „Tracking the tiny : identification of the sex pheromone of the pea midge as a prerequisite for pheromone-based monitoring /“. Alnarp : Swedish Univ. of Agricultural Sciences (Sveriges lantbruksuniv.), 2001. http://epsilon.slu.se/avh/2001/91-576-5810-2.pdf.

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16

Mattsson, Johanna. „Purification of the recombinant SAD-C protein from Pisum sativum (pea)“. Thesis, Örebro University, Institutionen för naturvetenskap Department of Natural Sciences, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-2201.

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SAD-C, a gene belonging to the small short-chain alcohol dehydrogenase-like protein (SAD) gene family, is up-regulated in Pisum sativum (pea) when the plant is exposed to UV-B (280-320 nm) radiation. SAD-C has a molecular weight of about 28 kDa and adopts a tetrameric structure. The aim of this work was to purify the protein SAD-C from Pisum sativum when overexpressed in E. coli strain BL21 StarTM (DE3) One Shot®.

The purification was facilitated by the presence of a His-tag consisting of six histidine residues at the C-terminal end of the protein. The purification trials of SAD-C were faced with problems since the sample fractions contained several other proteins as well. Several purification steps seem to be necessary for future trials. A crystallization trial was still set up and crystals were formed, but the crystals formed were probably not of SAD-C.

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17

Hamilton, James Clarke. „Characterisation of a thermostable cationic isoperoxidase from pea seeds (Pisum sativum)“. Thesis, Royal Holloway, University of London, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.481818.

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18

Roder, Neil Alexander. „Development of starch structure in different pea (Pisum sativum L.) mutants“. Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.398560.

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19

Lloyd, James. „Effect and interactions of rugosus genes on pea (Pisum sativum) seeds“. Thesis, University of East Anglia, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.633047.

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Mutant alleles at five rugosus loci (r, rb, rug-3, rug-4 and rug-5) were examined for their effects on the growth and starch content of the pea seed. In order to study gene interaction double mutants between pairs of rugosus loci were produced. In addition, starch extracted from the single mutant lines was examined for structural differences. The primary effect of the r mutation was to reduce the production of amylopectin in the developing embryo. This led to decreased starch in the embryo, but an increased proportion of amylose in the starch. Starch grains in the mutant embryo differentiated from 'simple' to 'compound' during development. The primary effect of both the rb and rug-4 mutations was to reduce carbon flux through the starch biosynthetic pathway. This led to a decreased starch content in the embryo during development and in the mature seed. The proportion of amylose in the starch also was reduced, in relation to the reduction in starch. In addition the rb mutation caused a reduction in the amount of starch accumulated in the testa during development. The rug-3 mutation acted as a complete block on starch synthesis in both the embryo and testa throughout development. Reciprocal F, crosses indicated that there was a maternal effect of both the rb and rug-3 mutations on final seed size. The rug-5 mutation also blocked starch synthesis, but only late in development when the embryo began to dry. In addition, the mutation altered the appearance of the starch grains, which were irregular in appearance throughout embryo development. The fine structure of amylopectin was studied by enzymically debranching amylopectin and separating the constituent chains by HPLC. Only the rand rug-5 genes were demonstrated to affect amylopectin structure. The effect of the r gene was minor, however, the rug-5 mutation caused a fundamental alteration in amylopectin structure.

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20

Fiebelkorn, Danielle. „Characterization of Selected Winter Hardiness Traits in Pea (Pisum Sativum L.)“. Thesis, North Dakota State University, 2013. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/27208.

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Pea (Pisum sativum L.) is an important crop from an agronomic and nutritional standpoint. Winter pea has further agronomic benefits for producers; however, sufficient winter hardiness to survive harsh North Dakota conditions is lacking. Winter hardiness was evaluated in the field and greenhouse using replicated trials with 267 recombinant inbred lines derived from the cross ?Medora?/?Melrose?. Similar reactions were observed between the two trials. An optimum protocol based on acclimation time and scoring method to predict winter hardy genotypes using controlled environment conditions was studied. Twelve genotypes were acclimated for 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4 weeks at 4 degrees Celsius prior to being frozen at -8 or -12 degrees Celsius for 1 hour. Three weeks of acclimation and scoring 21 days after freezing provided the best differentiation among genotypes. This research provided direction for development of winter pea varieties suited to the harsh winter conditions of North Dakota.

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21

Hauxwell, Angela Jane. „In situ hybridisation for studying embryo development in Pisum sativum L“. Thesis, University of East Anglia, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.279676.

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22

O'Neill, Michelle. „A role for lipoxygenase in stress responses in Pisum sativum L“. Thesis, University of East Anglia, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.389268.

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23

Moot, Derrick J. „Harvest index variability within and between field pea (Pisum sativum L.) crops“. Lincoln University, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10182/1285.

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The association between individual plant performance and seed yield variability within and between field pea crops was investigated. In 1988/89 six F8 genotypes with morphologically distinct characteristics were selected from a yield evaluation trial. Analysis of the individual plant performance within these crops indicated an association between low seed yields and the location and dispersion of plant harvest index (PHI) and plant weight (PWT) distributions. The analyses also showed there was a strong linear relationship between the seed weight (SWT) and PWT of the individual plants within each crop, and that the smallest plants tended to have the lowest PHI values. A series of 20 simulations was used to formalize the relationships between SWT, PWT and PHI values within a crop into a principal axis model (PAM). The PAM was based on a principal axis which represented the linear relationship between SWT and PWT, and an ellipse which represented the scatter of data points around this line. When the principal axis passed through the origin, the PHI of a plant was independent of its PWT and the mean PHI was equal to the gradient of the axis. However, when the principal axis had a negative intercept then the PHI was dependent on PWT and a MPW was calculated. In 1989/90 four genotypes were sown at five plant populations, ranging from 9 to 400 plants m⁻². Significant seed and biological yield differences were detected among genotypes at 225 and 400 plants m⁻². The plasticity of yield components was highlighted, with significant genotype by environment interactions detected for each yield component. No relationship was found between results for yield components from spaced plants and those found at higher plant populations. The two highest yielding genotypes (CLU and SLU) showed either greater stability or higher genotypic means for PHI than genotypes CVN and SVU. Despite significant skewness and kurtosis in the SWT, PWT, and PHI distributions from the crops in this experiment, the assumptions of the PAM held. The lower seed yield and increased variability in PHI values for genotype CVN were explained by its higher MPW and the positioning of the ellipse closer to the PWT axis intercept than in other genotypes. For genotype SVU, the lower seed yield and mean PHI values were explained by a lower slope for the principal axis. Both low yielding genotypes were originally classified as having vigorous seedling growth and this characteristic may be detrimental to crop yields. A method for selection of field pea genotypes based on the PAM is proposed. This method enables the identification of weak competitors as single plants, which may have an advantage over vigorous plants when grown in a crop situation.

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24

Chan, Sherwin Yum-Yat. „The intracellular distribution of folate derivatives in pea (Pisum sativum L.) leaves“. Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ40034.pdf.

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25

Pervez, M. A. „Studies on the growth and development of the pea (Pisum sativum L.)“. Thesis, Bangor University, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.282262.

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26

Najamussahar. „Seed production and storage of pea (Pisum sativum L.) for improved quality“. Thesis, Bangor University, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.298635.

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27

Stewart, Gregor James. „The expression of pea (Pisum sativum) vicilin in the yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae“. Thesis, Durham University, 1989. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/9350/.

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This study has demonstrated and investigated the expression of a cDNA, coding for the pea seed storage protein vicilin, in the yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The cDNA was contained in the plasmid pLG1.63 and has been characterised and sequenced. The sequence showed that the cDNA coded for a 47KDa type of vicilin with a putative 24 amino-acid signal peptide, a proteolytic cleavage site and one glycosylation signal. The cDNA was cloned into two yeast expression vectors. The first utilised the GALIO promoter rendering expression of the cDNA inducible galactose, the construct was called pDUB2300. The second construct, pDUB2302, placed the cDNA under the control of the PGK promoter, rendering the cDNA constitutively expressed. When transformed into yeast, both constructs produced an immunoreactive vicilin species of M(_r) =49KDa. In the case of pDUB2302 the protein was produced at up to 5.5% of total cell protein. The protein was shown to be associated with a particulate fraction and displayed altered precipitation characteristics when compared with pea vicilin. By using tunicanydn and N-glycosidase, the protein was shown to be unglycosylated. Partial purification and (^35)S-methionine labelling demonstrated that the signal pep tide remained uncleaved. Cell fractionation studies indicated that vicilin was enriched in the yeast microsomal fraction, suggesting that vicilin was located in the EH. This was confirmed electron microscopy of immuno-gold labelled yeast which showed vicilin associated with the ER. The electron micrographs also suggested that a small proportion of the protein might be reaching thecolgi apparatus and the vacuole membrane. The presence of specific cleavage products on some western blots suggested that vicilin possessed a cleavage site for a yeast protease, though whether this was the same site as the pea proteolytic cleavage site was not determined. The pattern and nature of the expression of vicilin from this cDNA was discussed in the context of heterologous protein expression in yeast in general and plant storage protein expression in yeast in particular.

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28

Burton, Sara Katherine. „DNA-binding proteins associated with DNA polymerase alpha in pea (Pisum sativum)“. Thesis, University of Exeter, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.357961.

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29

Scegura, Amy. „Marker Assisted Backcross Selection for Virus Resistance in Pea (Pisum Sativum L.)“. Thesis, North Dakota State University, 2017. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/28401.

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Viruses are destructive plant pathogens, which cause significant yield loss and reduced grain quality. Pea Seed-borne Mosaic Virus (PSbMV) is an economically important viral disease in pea (Pisum sativum L.) and recently detected in the Northern Great Plains (NGP) in 2012. PSbMV is aphid-transmitted from plant to plant and can be seed-borne. It causes malformed leaves, discolored or split seed, and reduced size and number of seeds. Host resistance to PSbMV-P4 is conferred by a recessive gene, sbm-1. Marker assisted backcross breeding using the 4Egenomic primers previously developed assisted in transferring the single resistance allele located on LG VI from ?Lifter? into locally adapted breeding lines. After two backcrosses and allowing plants to self-pollinate to the B2F2, individuals were inoculated with PSbMV-P4 isolate to validate resistance. The BC2F3 populations were tested in a field evaluation trial for disease resistance against the PSbMV-P4 strain in the NGP and for agronomic adaptation.

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30

Sivritepe, Huseyin Ozkan. „Genetic deterioration and repair in pea (Pisum sativum L.) seeds during storage“. Thesis, University of Bath, 1992. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.314596.

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31

Johansson, Inga-Maj. „Pea carbonic anhydrase : a kinetic study“. Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Kemiska institutionen, 1994. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-118926.

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The enzyme carbonic anhydrase (CA), catalysing the interconversion between CO2 and HCO3', has long been known to be present in plants as well as in animals. Several of the animal isozymes, but none of the plant CAs, have been extensively studied. When the first plant CA cDNA sequences were published in 1990, it was obvious that the animal and plant CAs represent evolutionarily distinct families with no significant sequence homology between the families. Pea CA is synthesised as a precursor and subsequently processed at the import into the chloroplast. When we purified CA from pea leaves two oligomeric forms with molecular masses around 230 kDa were obtained. One form was homogenous while the other form contained subunits of two different sizes. The larger subunit has an acidic and highly charged N-terminal extension, consisting of 37 residues. We propose that the sequence that precedes the cleavage site resulting in the large subunit represents the functional transit peptide, directing CA to the chloroplast. Neither the transit peptide nor the acidic 37-residue peptide were found to affect the folding, activity or oligomerisation of pea CA. Kinetic investigations showed that pea CA requires a reduced environment and high concentrations of buffer for maximal catalytic activity. High buffer concentrations result in a faster turnover of the enzyme (kcat) while the efficiency (kcatlKm) is not affected. This is consistent with a ping-pong mechanism with the buffer as the second substrate. Both kcat and kcatlKm increase with pH but the dependences cannot be described by simple titration curves. SCN' is an uncompetitive inhibitor at high pH and a noncompetitive inhibitor at neutral and low pH. This is in accordance with the mechanistic model, previously proposed for human CAM, involving a zincbound water molecule as a catalytic group. In this model, the carbon dioxide - bicarbonate interconversion, reflected by kcatlKm, is temporally separated from a rate limiting proton-transfer step. At high pH, solvent hydrogen isotope effects obtained for pea CA agree with this scheme, while they do not fit at neutral and low pH. Site-specific mutations of cysteine residues at positions 165, 269 and 272 were difficult to study, either because strong deviations from Michaelis-Menten kinetics were observed, or because the mutants were found in inclusion bodies. However, the mutant H208A was found to be a very efficient enzyme with the highest kcatlKm value obtained for any CA so far, 2.9-108 M'1s '1. With the H208A mutant an increased dependence on high buffer concentrations at low pH was obtained. At high pH, the mutant is more efficient than the unmutated enzyme. The H208A mutant is also more prone to oxidation than the wild-type enzyme.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Umeå : Umeå universitet, 1994, härtill 4 uppsatser

digitalisering@umu

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32

Lin, Hao-jan. „Studies of chemoattractants from pea border cells and the release of pea (Pisum sativum) root border cells“. Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/144632.

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Some plants release thousands of viable cells from root caps into the soil. These cells can be technically defined as Root Border Cells (BRD cells) and may play a role in the regulation of microbial populations in the rhizosphere. Chemoattractants released from pea (Pisam sativum) to Agrobacterium tumefaciens were characterized by using lectin and chemical analysis for heat-stability, size, and solubility. To understand the process of BRD cell release, a relationship was established between pectolytic enzyme activity and the release of pea BRD cells.

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33

Liu, Liansen. „Regulation of gene expression in pea (Pisum sativum L.) by ultraviolet-B radiation“. Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape7/PQDD_0019/NQ49275.pdf.

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34

Česnulevičienė, Rūta. „Harmfulness of field pea (Pisum sativum L.) fungal diseases, their prevention and control“. Doctoral thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2012. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2012~D_20121123_125900-41231.

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Research objective and experimental tasks. The study was designed to explore the incidence and severity of root and foot rots and ascochyta blight in field pea crops and to identify the measures and practices for the prevention and control of the diseases caused by the pathogens of Ascochyta complex. Experimental tasks: - To identify the susceptibility of various field pea varieties to root and foot rots and ascochyta blight under different agro-ecological conditions. - To establish the effect of meteorological factors on the severity of root and foot rots and ascochyta blight in field pea crops. - To determine the frequency of detection of pathogens of Ascochyta complex on various pea varieties. - To estimate the feasibility of control of the diseases caused by the pathogens of Ascochyta complex using seed treatment and fungicide application. - To assess the impact of seed treatment and fungicide application on field pea productivity and yield components. - To study the possible side-effect of the chemical seed treatment on the microflora of pea rhizosphere and soil.
Tyrimų tikslas ir uždaviniai. Tyrimais siekta ištirti šaknų, pašaknio puvinių ir askochitozės išplitimą bei žalingumą sėjamojo žirnio pasėliuose, nustatyti Ascochyta komplekso patogenų sukeliamų ligų prevencijos ir kontrolės priemones. Tyrimų uždaviniai: - Nustatyti įvairių sėjamojo žirnio veislių jautrumą šaknų, pašaknio puviniams ir askochitozei skirtingomis agroekologinėmis sąlygomis. - Nustatyti meteorologinių faktorių įtaką šaknų, pašaknio puvinių ir askochitozės intensyvumui žirniuose. - Nustatyti Ascochyta komplekso patogenų aptikimo dažnį ant įvairių veislių žirnių. - Įvertinti Ascochyta komplekso patogenų sukeliamų ligų kontrolės galimybę naudojant beicus ir fungicidus. - Įvertinti beicų ir fungicidų įtaką žirnių derlingumui ir derliaus komponentams. - Ištirti galimą cheminių beicų šalutinį poveikį žirnių rizosferos bei dirvožemio mikroflorai.

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Cuesta, Esperanza-Raquel Gonzalez. „Responses of cultivated pea (Pisum sativum L.) to UV-B radiation (280-315nm)“. Thesis, Lancaster University, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.337579.

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Knox, Maggie. „The regional control of chiasmata and recombinant frequency in pea (Pisum sativum L.)“. Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.423389.

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Tashtemirov, Behzod. „Inheritance of Partial Resistance to White Mold in Field Pea (Pisum sativum L.)“. Thesis, North Dakota State University, 2012. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/26387.

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Sclerotinia sclerotiorum causes white mold and severe yield losses of pea. 484 accessions from the Pisum core collection were screened for resistance using a mini-agar plug technique. 49, 41, and 13 accessions were identified with partial resistance based on lesion expansion inhibition (LEI), nodal transmission inhibition (NTI), and both traits combined, respectively. A genetic linkage map based on F2 DNA from the cross, Lifter/PI240515, was developed with 78 markers on 9 linkage groups (LG) spanning 734 cM. Two quantitative trait loci (QTL) were identified based on phenotypic data from F2:3 and F3:4 families. A single QTL on LGIII explained 34.1% of the phenotypic variation for LEI, while a second QTL on LGII(b) explained 2.5% of the phenotypic variation for NTI. This is the first report of QTL for S. sclerotiorum resistance in pea which will be useful in development of resistant pea varieties.

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Macedo, Francynês da Conceição Oliveira. „Avaliação do comportamento competitivo de raízes de ervilha (Pisum sativum) cv. Mikado“. Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11144/tde-28062011-143945/.

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A Neurobiologia Vegetal é um recente ramo das ciências vegetais que objetiva esclarecer os complexos padrões de comportamento vegetal, no que se refere à percepção, processamento, armazenamento e transmissão de sinais na planta e entre plantas. A detecção de vizinhos, é uma capacidade que implica em auto reconhecimento, uma vez que um organismo só terá sucesso em interações competitivas se for capaz de auto/não-auto discriminação. Assim, objetivou-se com este trabalho verificar se raízes de ervilha (Pisum sativum) cv. Mikado apresentam crescimento diferenciado quando na presença de raízes da mesma planta, e de raízes de outras plantas, mas pertencentes ao mesmo genótipo, para que se possa averiguar sua capacidade de auto/não-auto discriminação. Além disso, avaliou-se também o crescimento da parte aérea para observar em que grau a presença de plantas vizinhas pode influenciar o desenvolvimento vegetativo de plantas de ervilha. Quatro dias após a germinação, plântulas de Pisum sativum cv. Mikado tiveram a raiz principal cortada 5 mm abaixo do hipocótilo. Passados sete dias, foram retiradas as raízes secundárias, deixando-se apenas duas raízes, de igual tamanho, por planta (split-root). Plantas com duas raízes iguais foram replantadas, com cada vaso contendo duas raízes da mesma planta (tratamento Auto) ou duas raízes de plantas diferentes (Tratamento Não-auto). Os vasos foram agrupados em tríades. O experimento foi mantido em estufa incubadora sob condições de temperatura e fotoperíodo controladas e após 18 dias foram feitas avaliações do crescimento da parte aérea e das raízes, através das medições de: altura da planta (cm), peso fresco de parte aérea e de raiz (g), peso seco de parte aérea e de raiz (g), área foliar (cm2), área radicular (cm2), comprimento total de raiz (cm) e diâmetro médio de raiz (cm). A análise dos dados considerando os valores médios de cada tríade revelou não haver diferença significativa entre os tratamentos Auto e Não-auto com relação ao crescimento de parte aérea. No que se refere ao crescimento da raiz, com exceção do diâmetro médio, as demais variáveis diferiram significativamente, sendo que as plantas pertencentes ao tratamento Auto apresentaram valores de peso seco, área superficial e comprimento total 36,71%, 27,84% e 23,18%, respectivamente, maiores do que as plantas do tratamento Não-auto. Ou seja, as plantas que não estavam sob competição apresentaram maior crescimento de raiz. No entanto, quando se observou o comportamento das plantas entre si, em cada tríade, verificou-se, no tratamento não-auto, diferenças visíveis de crescimento tanto em parte aérea como na raiz entre as três plantas que constituía cada tríade. Verificou-se também que a raiz de uma mesma planta cresceu diferentemente de acordo com a identidade da raiz vizinha. Enquanto que no tratamento auto as três plantas que constituíam uma tríade tinham aproximadamente o mesmo tamanho de parte aérea e raiz. Assim, podemos afirmar que o crescimento das plantas no tratamento não-auto foi influenciado pelas interações entre as raízes e mais que isto, foi dependente da identidade da raiz vizinha implicando em auto/não-auto discriminação e reconhecimento parental.
The Plant Neurobiology is a recent branch of plant science that aims to clarify the complex patterns of behavior vegetable, with respect to perception, processing, storage and transmission of signals in plant and between plants. The detection of neighbors, is a capacity that involves self-recognition and an individual will only be successful in competitive interactions if it is capable of self/non-self discrimination. Thus, the objective was to determine whether roots of pea (Pisum sativum) cv. Mikado grow differently in the presence of the same plant roots, and roots of other plants, but within the same genotype, so that we can determine its capacity for self/non-self discrimination. In addition, we assessed also the growth of the shoot to see to what degree the presence of neighboring plants can influence the vegetative growth of pea plants. Five days from germination, seedlings of Pisum sativum cv. Mikado had the seminal root severed 5 mm below the hypocotyl. After seven days, all but two of these roots were removed, leaving only two roots of equal size per plant (split-root). Plants with two equal roots were replanted, with each pot containing two roots of the same plant (treatment self) or two roots of different plants (Treatment non-self). Pots were grouped in triplets. The experiment was kept in an incubator camera under controlled conditions of temperature and photoperiod and after 18 days were evaluated for growth of shoots and roots. It was measure plant height (cm), fresh weight of shoot and root (g), dry weight of shoot and root (g), leaf area (cm2), root area (cm2), total length of root (cm) and average root diameter (cm). The analysis of data considering the average values of each triplets showed no significant difference between treatments self and non-self in relation to the growth of shoots. With respect to root growth, except for the diameter, the other variables differed significantly, and plants belonging to treatment self had values of dry weight, surface area and total length of 36.71%, 27.84 % and 23.18%, respectively, higher than the treatment plants non-self. That is, plants that were not under competition had higher root growth. However, when we observe the behavior of plants in each triplet, it was found that the treatment non-self, the plants had sizes of shoot and root differ. It was also found that the root of the same plant grew differently depending on the identity of neighboring roots. While in treatment self, the three plants that constituted a triplet had, approximately, the same size of shoot and root. Thus, we can say that the growth of plants to treatment non-self was influenced by the interactions between roots and more that this was dependent on the identity of neighboring roots implying self/non-self discrimination and kin recognition.

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Beeck, Cameron. „Simultaneous improvement in black spot resistance and stem strength in field pea (Pisum sativum L.)“. University of Western Australia. School of Plant Biology, 2006. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2006.0057.

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[Truncated abstract] Field pea (Pisum sativum) has many benefits when included in the crop rotation system in broadacre grain farming. These benefits include a disease break and improved weed control for cereals and less dependence on nitrogenous fertilisers due to the leguminous nature of pea. Currently, field pea adoption in Australia is low because the crop is susceptible to the fungal disease `black spot’ (Mycosphaerella pinodes) and has low stem strength and a lodged canopy. Black spot causes yield losses averaging 10-15% per year. Lodging results in difficult and costly harvesting, increased disease pressure and increased wind erosion from exposed soil surface when stems break at the basal nodes. This project aimed to address these problems through breeding, and through the application of quantitative genetics theory to a recurrent selection program. A quantitative measurement of relative stem strength was developed which could be used effectively in the field on single plants. Accurate laboratory measurements of stem strength were closely correlated with the field measure of compressed stem thickness in the basal node region. A diallel analysis of stem strength of the progeny of crosses among a range of pea lines with different values of compressed stem thickness concluded that the genetic control of stem strength was additive, with no maternal inheritance or dominance or epistasis effects.

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Ragab, R. A. K. „Studies on the molecular biology and inheritance of major albumins of Pisum sativum L“. Thesis, Durham University, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.370361.

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Turner, S. R. „The effect of the r locus on the synthesis of storage proteins in Pisum sativum“. Thesis, University of East Anglia, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.382846.

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Ek, Louise. „The effect of nitrogen starvation on PSI and PSII activity in pea (Pisum sativum)“. Thesis, Halmstad University, School of Business and Engineering (SET), 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-143.

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This investigation addresses how photosynthetic efficiency is affected when pea (Pisum sativum) plants are restricted to a sole nitrogen source (i.e. ammonium or nitrate). The pea plants were watered with different nutrient solutions without NO3- or NH4+ for different time-periods in order to assay for nitrogen content. The soluble ammonium and nitrate content was measured throughout the entire growth period. No major differences were observed in nitrogen content during the starvation period up to 25 days. For technical reasons, cultivation of plants could not be extended beyond this time. The chloroplasts and thylakoids were isolated after 25 days and assayed for chlorophyll contents and photosynthetic activity.

The outcome of these tests indicates a small but unambiguous decrease in the photosynthesis activity for all treatments, relative the control.

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Heisinger, Krista Gayle. „Effect of Penicillium bilaii on root morphology and architecture of pea (Pisum sativum L.)“. Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ32128.pdf.

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Laflamme, Paul. „Diseases of field pea, Pisum sativum L., in the Peace River Region of Alberta“. Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ37569.pdf.

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Kuznetsova, Elena. „Characterization of Pea (Pisum Sativum L.) genes implicated in arbuscular mycorrhiza formation and function“. Phd thesis, Université de Bourgogne, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00583434.

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The arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) association results from a successful interaction between the genomes of the two symbiotic partners. In this context, the aim of my research was to better characterize the role of the late stage symbiosis-related pea genes PsSym36, PsSym33 and PsSym40 in the functional AM (i) by investigating the effect of mutations in the three genes on fungal and plant gene responses and (ii) by creating conditions for the localization of two of the genes, PsSym36 and PsSym40, on the pea genetic map for future map-based cloning. The expression of a subset of ten fungal and eight plant genes,previously reported to be activated during mycorrhiza development, was compared in Glomus intraradices-inoculated roots of wild type and Pssym36, Pssym33 and Pssym40 mutant pea plants. Most of the fungal genes were down-regulated in roots of the Pssym36 mutant where arbuscule formation is defective, and several were upregulated with more rapid fungal development in roots of the Pssym40 mutant. Microdissection of mycorrhizal PsSym40 roots corroborated preferential expression of the three G. intraradices genes SOD, DESAT and PEPISOM in arbuscule-containing cells. Inactivation of PsSym36 also resulted in down regulation of plant genes whilst mutation of the PsSym33 and PsSym40 genes affected plant gene responses in a more time-dependent way. Results thus indicate an implication of the investigated pea SYM genes in the modulation of plant and fungal molecular interactions linked to signaling, nutrient exchange or stress response regulation during AM symbiosis formation and functioning. Conditions for localization of the PsSym36 and PsSym40 genes on the pea genetic map were developed for their future map-based cloning. Based on the molecular markers obtained, it was possible to conclude that localization of the PsSym40 gene most likely resides outside the linkage groups I, II, III or V of the genetic map of pea.

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Miranda, Andre Luis Rodrigues. „Genome Mapping and Molecular Markers for Ascochyta Blight Resistance in Pea (Pisum Sativum L.)“. Thesis, North Dakota State University, 2012. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/26798.

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Ascochyta blight is the most common disease of economic importance in peas (Pisum sativum L.) in North Dakota. Selection based on molecular markers would greatly facilitate identification of resistant varieties. A mapping population comprised of 394 F7-derived recombinant inbred line (RILs) and derived from the cross `Lifter'/'Radley' was developed to study resistance to Ascochyta blight. A genetic map was developed based on 179 loci including SSR, RAPD, and CAPS markers, distributed on seven linkage groups. Phenotyping for reaction to Ascochyta blight was carried out under greenhouse and field conditions. Five replicate plants were scored using a 0 to 5 scale, where 0 = no disease and 5 = plant death. Forty-three lines showed a high level of resistance and QTL analysis identified ten DNA markers associated with Ascochyta blight resistance genes. This genetic map will provide additional insight to localize disease resistance genes/QTLs and aid development of resistant varieties.

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Zhang, Jiesheng. „Cloning and Characterization of an Invertase Gene From the Garden Pea (Pisum sativum L.)“. Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2003. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1051476890.

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Kuznetsova, Elena Vladislavovna. „Characterization of Pea (Pisum Sativum L.) genes implicated in arbuscular mycorrhiza formation and function“. Thesis, Dijon, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010DIJOS023/document.

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L’association mycorhizienne à arbuscules (AM) est le résultat d’une interaction compatible entre les génomes des deux partenaires symbiotiques. Dans ce contexte, le but de mes recherches a été de mieux caractériser le rôle des gènes de pois liés aux stades tardifs de la symbiose, PsSym36, PsSym33 and PsSym40, dans le fonctionnement de la symbiose MA (i) en étudiant l’effet des mutations de ces trois gènes sur l’expression des gènes de la plante et du champignon, et (ii) en créant les conditions pour positionner deux de ces gènes, PsSym36 and PsSym40, sur la carte génétique afin d’envisager leur clonage futur. L’expression d’un groupe de dix gènes fongiques et de huit gènes de plante, déjà décrits pour être activés durant le développement de la mycorhize, a été comparée dans les racines de pois inoculées avec G. intraradices chez les plantes de génotypes sauvages, ou les mutants Pssym36, Pssym33 et Pssym40. L’expression de la plupart des gènes fongiques a été inhibée dans les racines du mutant Pssym36 où la formation des arbuscules est avortée, tandis que l’expression de plusieurs d’entre eux a été activée lorsqu’il existe un développement plus rapide du champignon dans les racines du mutant Pssym40. Des microdisséquats obtenus à partir de racines mycorhizées du mutant PsSym40 confirment l’expression préférentielle de trois gènes de G. intraradices (SOD, DESAT et PEPISOM) dans les cellules contenant les arbuscules. L’inactivation du gène PsSym36 provoque également une inhibition des gènes de plante alors que la mutation des gènes PsSym33 and PsSym40 affecte l’expression des gènes de plante plutôt de façon temporelle. Les résultats indiquent ainsi une implication des gènes SYM de pois dans la modulation des interactions moléculaires entre la plante et le champignon impliquées au niveau de la signalisation, des échanges nutritifs ou de la régulation des réponses au stress durant la formation et/ou le fonctionnement de la symbiose AM. Les conditions pour la localisation des gènes PsSym36 and PsSym40 sur la carte génétique du pois ont été développées pour leur clonage basé sur la cartographie. En utilisant les marqueurs moléculaires obtenus, il a été possible de conclure que la localisation du gène PsSym40 réside vraisemblablement à l’extérieur des groupes de liaison I, II, III ou V de la carte génétique du pois
The arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) association results from a successful interaction between the genomes of the two symbiotic partners. In this context, the aim of my research was to better characterize the role of the late stage symbiosis-related pea genes PsSym36, PsSym33 and PsSym40 in the functional AM (i) by investigating the effect of mutations in the three genes on fungal and plant gene responses and (ii) by creating conditions for the localization of two of the genes, PsSym36 and PsSym40, on the pea genetic map for future map-based cloning. The expression of a subset of ten fungal and eight plant genes,previously reported to be activated during mycorrhiza development, was compared in Glomus intraradices-inoculated roots of wild type and Pssym36, Pssym33 and Pssym40 mutant pea plants. Most of the fungal genes were down-regulated in roots of the Pssym36 mutant where arbuscule formation is defective, and several were upregulated with more rapid fungal development in roots of the Pssym40 mutant. Microdissection of mycorrhizal PsSym40 roots corroborated preferential expression of the three G. intraradices genes SOD, DESAT and PEPISOM in arbuscule-containing cells. Inactivation of PsSym36 also resulted in down regulation of plant genes whilst mutation of the PsSym33 and PsSym40 genes affected plant gene responses in a more time-dependent way. Results thus indicate an implication of the investigated pea SYM genes in the modulation of plant and fungal molecular interactions linked to signaling, nutrient exchange or stress response regulation during AM symbiosis formation and functioning. Conditions for localization of the PsSym36 and PsSym40 genes on the pea genetic map were developed for their future map-based cloning. Based on the molecular markers obtained, it was possible to conclude that localization of the PsSym40 gene most likely resides outside the linkage groups I, II, III or V of the genetic map of pea
Формирование арбускулярной микоризы (АМ) является результатом успешного взаимодействия между геномами двух симбиотических партнёров. Целью моего исследования являлось изучение роли поздних симбиотических генов гороха PsSym36, PsSym33 и PsSym40 в формировании функционального АМ симбиоза. Для этого было проведено исследование эффекта мутаций в генах PsSym36, PsSym33 и PsSym40 на экспрессию грибных и растительных генов, предположительно (по литературным данным) вовлечённых в процессы формирования АМ, а так же проведена работа по локализации генов PsSym36 и PsSym40 на генетической карте гороха для последующего более точного картирования и позиционного клонирования данных генов. Экспрессия десяти грибных и восьми растительных генов была определена в корнях растений дикого типа и PsSym36, PsSym33 и PsSym40 мутантов, инокулированных G. intraradices. В корнях PsSym36 мутанта, имеющего дефект развития арбускул, большая часть грибных генов была супрессирована, в то время как в корнях PsSym40 мутанта, для которого характерна более быстрая по сравнению с диким типом микоризация, был отмечен более высокий уровень экспрессии грибных генов. Использование метода микродиссекций позволило выделить клетки, содержащие арбускулы, из микоризованных корней мутанта PsSym40 и подтвердить, что гены G. intraradices SOD, DESAT и PEPISOM преимущественно экспрессируются в клетках, содержащих арбускулы. Мутация в гене PsSym36 также привела к подавлению экспрессии большинства вовлечённых в анализ растительных генов, тогда как мутации в генах PsSym33 и PsSym40 оказали влияние на ксперессию растительных генов в меньшей степени. Полученные результаты свидетельствуют о роли исследуемых SYM генов гороха в контролировании растительно-грибных молекулярных взаимодействий, связанных с сигналингом, обменом питательными веществами и стрессовыми реакциями в процессе формирования и функционирования АМ симбиоза. Проведённое генетическое картирование не привело к локализации генов PsSym36 и PsSym40 на генетической карте гороха. Однако разработка и использование молекулярных маркеров для картирования позволили исключить локализацию гена PsSym40 в I, II, III и V группах сцепления с высокой долей вероятности

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Hadavizadeh, Alireza. „The effect of mother plant nutrition on seed yield, quality and vigour in peas (Pisum sativum)“. Thesis, University of Bath, 1986. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.233622.

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Buchman, Natalie L. „Influences of Pea Morphology and Interacting Factors on Pea Aphids (Acyrthosiphon pisum)“. Ohio : Ohio University, 2008. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1218819576.

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Dissertationen zum Thema „Pea (Pisum sativum)“

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