Thematische Bibliographien / Pbci

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Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Pbci“

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Veröffentlicht am 30. November 2024

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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "Pbci"

Cha, Ho-Seung, Chang-Hee Han und Chang-Hwan Im. „Prediction of Individual User’s Dynamic Ranges of EEG Features from Resting-State EEG Data for Evaluating Their Suitability for Passive Brain–Computer Interface Applications“. Sensors 20, Nr. 4 (12.02.2020): 988. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20040988.

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With the recent development of low-cost wearable electroencephalogram (EEG) recording systems, passive brain–computer interface (pBCI) applications are being actively studied for a variety of application areas, such as education, entertainment, and healthcare. Various EEG features have been employed for the implementation of pBCI applications; however, it is frequently reported that some individuals have difficulty fully enjoying the pBCI applications because the dynamic ranges of their EEG features (i.e., its amplitude variability over time) were too small to be used in the practical applications. Conducting preliminary experiments to search for the individualized EEG features associated with different mental states can partly circumvent this issue; however, these time-consuming experiments were not necessary for the majority of users whose dynamic ranges of EEG features are large enough to be used for pBCI applications. In this study, we tried to predict an individual user’s dynamic ranges of the EEG features that are most widely employed for pBCI applications from resting-state EEG (RS-EEG), with the ultimate goal of identifying individuals who might need additional calibration to become suitable for the pBCI applications. We employed a machine learning-based regression model to predict the dynamic ranges of three widely used EEG features known to be associated with the brain states of valence, relaxation, and concentration. Our results showed that the dynamic ranges of EEG features could be predicted with normalized root mean squared errors of 0.2323, 0.1820, and 0.1562, respectively, demonstrating the possibility of predicting the dynamic ranges of the EEG features for pBCI applications using short resting EEG data.

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Park, Seonghun, Chang-Hee Han und Chang-Hwan Im. „Design of Wearable EEG Devices Specialized for Passive Brain–Computer Interface Applications“. Sensors 20, Nr. 16 (14.08.2020): 4572. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20164572.

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Owing to the increased public interest in passive brain–computer interface (pBCI) applications, many wearable devices for capturing electroencephalogram (EEG) signals in daily life have recently been released on the market. However, there exists no well-established criterion to determine the electrode configuration for such devices. Herein, an overall procedure is proposed to determine the optimal electrode configurations of wearable EEG devices that yield the optimal performance for intended pBCI applications. We utilized two EEG datasets recorded in different experiments designed to modulate emotional or attentional states. Emotion-specialized EEG headsets were designed to maximize the accuracy of classification of different emotional states using the emotion-associated EEG dataset, and attention-specialized EEG headsets were designed to maximize the temporal correlation between the EEG index and the behavioral attention index. General purpose electrode configurations were designed to maximize the overall performance in both applications for different numbers of electrodes (2, 4, 6, and 8). The performance was then compared with that of existing wearable EEG devices. Simulations indicated that the proposed electrode configurations allowed for more accurate estimation of the users’ emotional and attentional states than the conventional electrode configurations, suggesting that wearable EEG devices should be designed according to the well-established EEG datasets associated with the target pBCI applications.

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Merlino, S., M. Pasero und N. Perchiazzi. „Crystal structure of paralaurionite and its OD relationships with laurionite“. Mineralogical Magazine 57, Nr. 387 (Juni 1993): 323–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/minmag.1993.057.387.15.

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AbstractThe crystal structure of the rare lead hydroxychloride paralaurionite [PbCI(OH), monoclinic, space group C2/m, a = 10.865(4), b = 4.006(2), c = 7.233(3) Å, β = 117.24(4)°] has been refined to R = 0.062, Rw = 0.048. Its Order-Disorder (OD) character and its OD relationships with the orthorhombic polytpe of PbCI(OH), laurionite, are discussed. Laurionite and paralaurionite represent the two MDO structures within a family of OD structures built up by two different kinds of layers. The structures of paralaurionite and laurionite are compared thoroughly. The first coordination of the various atoms in the two polytypes is the same, however, remarkable differences exist in the connection between adjacent Pb-centred polyhedra.

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Ratasukharom, Natchaya, Sa-Aat Niwitpong und Suparat Niwitpong. „Confidence Intervals for the Mean and Difference of Means of Birnbaum-Saunders Distributions with Application to Wind Speed Data“. WSEAS TRANSACTIONS ON MATHEMATICS 23 (02.09.2024): 515–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.37394/23206.2024.23.54.

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This paper proposes the confidence intervals for the mean and difference of means of Birnbaum-Saunders (BirSau) distributions based on the Bootstrap confidence interval (BCI), Percentile bootstrap confidence interval (PBCI), Generalized confidence interval (GCI), Bayesian credible interval (BayCrI) and the highest posterior density (HPD). The simulation study used R statistical software to evaluate the coverage probabilities and average lengths. The concerning results of the mean suggest that HPD is the recommended method for constructing confidence intervals in the BirSau distributions, except for small sample sizes where the GCI method proves more efficient. For the difference of means, PBCI emerges as the preferred way to construct confidence intervals, except in some cases where small sample sizes with the HPD method are more efficient. Moreover, the average lengths of these proposed confidence intervals decreased as both sample size and shape parameters increased. To illustrate the effectiveness of the suggested confidence intervals, we applied them to wind speed datasets collected in Ayutthaya and Ratchaburi provinces, Thailand.

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Ratasukharom, N., S. A. Niwitpong und S. Niwitpong. „Confidence Intervals for the Ratio between Two Means of Birnbaum-Saunders Distributions“. Malaysian Journal of Mathematical Sciences 18, Nr. 2 (27.06.2024): 301–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.47836/mjms.18.2.06.

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In this study, we introduced several methods to estimate confidence intervals for the ratio between means of Birnbaum-Saunders (BirSau) distributions. These methods encompassed the generalized confidence interval (GCI), bootstrap confidence interval (BCI), percentile bootstrap confidence interval (PBCI), Bayesian credible interval (BayCrI), and the highest posterior density (HPD). We conducted a Monte Carlo simulation to assess their performance, focusing on coverage probabilities and average widths. The simulation results revealed that the HPD method consistently delivered strong results for small and medium sample sizes across various scenarios. However, in the case of larger samples, the BCI method emerged as the most effective option. It was observed that as the sample size increased, the average widths of the proposed confidence intervals tended to decrease. Furthermore, we applied these methods to establish confidence intervals for the ratio between the means of wind speed datasets originating from two separate industrial regions in Thailand: Samut Prakan and Rayong province. The results obtained from this real-data application closely aligned with the findings derived from our simulation results.

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Miao, Xiu, und Wenjun Hou. „Human–Computer Interaction Multi-Task Modeling Based on Implicit Intent EEG Decoding“. Applied Sciences 14, Nr. 1 (30.12.2023): 368. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app14010368.

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In the short term, a fully autonomous level of machine intelligence cannot be achieved. Humans are still an important part of HCI systems, and intelligent systems should be able to “feel” and “predict” human intentions in order to achieve dynamic coordination between humans and machines. Intent recognition is very important to improve the accuracy and efficiency of the HCI system. However, it is far from enough to focus only on explicit intent. There is a lot of vague and hidden implicit intent in the process of human–computer interaction. Based on passive brain–computer interface (pBCI) technology, this paper proposes a method to integrate humans into HCI systems naturally, which is to establish an intent-based HCI model and automatically recognize the implicit intent according to human EEG signals. In view of the existing problems of few divisible patterns and low efficiency of implicit intent recognition, this paper finally proves that EEG can be used as the basis for judging human implicit intent through extracting multi-task intention, carrying out experiments, and constructing algorithmic models. The CSP + SVM algorithm model can effectively improve the EEG decoding performance of implicit intent in HCI, and the effectiveness of the CSP algorithm on intention feature extraction is further verified by combining 3D space visualization. The translation of implicit intent information is of significance for the study of intent-based HCI models, the development of HCI systems, and the improvement of human–machine collaboration efficiency.

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Lisbôa, Fabrício Marinho, und Alzira Gabriela da Silva Pause. „SOBREVIVÊNCIA DE LEGUMINOSAS ARBUSTIVAS EM PASTAGEM CONSORCIADA, ITUPIRANGA, PA“. Revista Agroecossistemas 2, Nr. 1 (18.06.2013): 48. http://dx.doi.org/10.18542/ragros.v2i1.1221.

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RESUMO: No sudeste paraense uma das principais atividades econômicas é a pecuária. Esta atividade apóia-se sobre extensas áreas de pastagem que, em sua maioria, encontra-se em algum estágio de degradação. Com o propósito de otimizar o sistema solo-planta, objetivou-se verificar a percentagem de mudas de leguminosas arbustivas implantadas em área de pastagem já estabelecida de Brachiaria brizantha (Hochst ex A. Rich.) Stapf. Os tratamentos foram pastagem de Brachiaria brizantha e Cajanus cajan (PBCC); Brachiaria brizantha e Crotalaria juncea (PBCJ) com quatro repetições, sendo o delineamento inteiramente casualizado. Foram preparadas 32 mudas de cada espécie de leguminosa, das quais 8 mudas de Cajanus cajan foram plantadas em cada parcela de PBCC e 8 mudas de Crotalaria juncea em cada parcela de PBCJ. As mudas foram implantadas na área experimental no início do período chuvoso e a avaliação quantitativa foi realizada ao seu final. A sobrevivência das mudas revelou-se satisfatória, com maior percentagem de sobrevivência para Cajanus cajan. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Cajanus cajan, Crotalaria juncea, fixação biológica de nitrogênio, sudeste paraense.

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Kong, Linchun, Changchun Chai, Yanxing Song, Wei Zhang, Zheren Zhang und Yintang Yang. „Structural, elastic, electronic, and anisotropic properties of Pbca-SiC and Pbcn-SiC“. AIP Advances 11, Nr. 4 (01.04.2021): 045107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0044672.

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Ramming, David W., Franka Gabler, Joe Smilanick, Molly Cadle-Davidson, Paola Barba, Siraprapa Mahanil und Lance Cadle-Davidson. „A Single Dominant Locus, Ren4, Confers Rapid Non-Race-Specific Resistance to Grapevine Powdery Mildew“. Phytopathology® 101, Nr. 4 (April 2011): 502–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto-09-10-0237.

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In the present study we screened the progeny of Vitis vinifera × V. romanetii populations segregating for resistance to powdery mildew and determined the presence of a single, dominant locus, Ren4, conferring rapid and extreme resistance to the grapevine powdery mildew fungus Erysiphe necator. In each of nine Ren4 pseudo-backcross 2 (pBC2) and pBC3 populations (1,030 progeny), resistance fit a 1:1 segregation ratio and overall segregated as 543 resistant progeny to 487 susceptible. In full-sib progeny, microscopic observations revealed the reduction of penetration success rate (as indicated by the emergence of secondary hyphae) from 86% in susceptible progeny to below 10% in resistant progeny. Similarly, extreme differences were seen macroscopically. Ratings for Ren4 pBC2 population 03-3004 screened using natural infection in a California vineyard and greenhouse and using artificial inoculation of an aggressive New York isolate were fully consistent among all three pathogen sources and environments. From 2006 to 2010, Ren4 pBC2 and pBC3 vines were continuously screened in California and New York (in the center of diversity for E. necator), and no sporulating colonies were observed. For population 03-3004, severity ratings on leaves, shoots, berries, and rachises were highly correlated (R2 = 0.875 to 0.996) in the vineyard. Together, these data document a powdery mildew resistance mechanism not previously described in the Vitaceae or elsewhere, in which a dominantly inherited resistance prevents hyphal emergence and is non-race-specific and tissue-independent. In addition to its role in breeding for durable resistance, Ren4 may provide mechanistic insights into the early events that enable powdery mildew infection.

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Aldibaja, Fadi Kamal, Laura Badia, Elena Mas-Marzá, Rafael S. Sánchez, Eva M. Barea und Ivan Mora-Sero. „Effect of different lead precursors on perovskite solar cell performance and stability“. Journal of Materials Chemistry A 3, Nr. 17 (2015): 9194–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4ta06198e.

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We present the use of halide (PbCl₂) and non-halide lead precursors (Pb(OAc)₂(OAc = CH₃CH₂COO⁻), Pb(NO₃)₂, Pb(acac)₂(acac = (CH₃COCHCOCH₃)⁻) and PbCO₃) for the preparation of perovskite solar cells.

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Dissertationen zum Thema "Pbci"

Hinss, Marcel. „Interaction humain/système de drones et facteurs humains : Prise en compte de l'estimation de l'état de fatigue d'un opérateur dans le design d'interactions adaptatives pour le contrôle de drones longue endurance“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Toulouse, ISAE, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024ESAE0035.

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L’utilisation de drones est fréquente dans de nombreuses industries et dans les activités militaires modernes. Toutefois les drones militaires à longue endurance souffrent encore d’un taux élevé d’accidents liés à des erreurs humaines, en particulier lorsque les opérateurs ressentent de la fatigue mentale (FM).En particulier, la flexibilité cognitive exigée des opérateurs offre une possibilité d’amélioration. Cependant, peu de recherches ont été menées sur celle-ci lors de tâches complexes tel que le contrôle d’un drone.Dans cette thèse, nous remédions à cette lacune, et la possibilité d’atténuer les effets négatifs de la FM sur la flexibilité cognitive a également été explorée. Pour ce faire, des alertes visuelles ont été développées pour informer les participants lorsqu’ils devaient passer d’une tâche à l’autre. Pour accroître l’efficacité des alertes visuelles, leur utilisation devrait être limitée aux périodes de faible performance (par exemple, en raison de la FM), au cours desquelles l’impact positif des alertes visuelles peut être maximisé.Les interfaces cerveau-ordinateur passives (pBCI) et les systèmes informatiques physiologiques utilisant l’électroencéphalographie (EEG), l’électrocardiographie (ECG) et l’oculométrie peuvent détecter des états sub-optimaux comme la FM. Dans ce cas, les alertes visuelles sont susceptibles d’avoir un impact positif plus important. La détection d’ états mentaux pose plusieurs problèmes : Un état mental n’est pas nécessairement un bon indicateur de performance. D’autre part, l’estimation peut s’avérer difficile, notamment parce que la performance peut être définie de différentes manières.À la suite de plusieurs entretiens avec des opérateurs, cinq expériences ont été conçues.(i) La première expérience, appelée expérience Double Task Switching (DTS), teste un nouveau protocole comportemental pour étudier la flexibilité cognitive. Les résultats ont montré que le passage d’une tâche similaire à une autre impacte significativement la performance.(ii) Cette expérience est suivie d’un second paradigme visant à déterminer si la simple présence d’alertes visuelles peut améliorer les performances. Les résultats de cette étude montrent que les alertes visuelles sans explication préalable ne semblent pas améliorer les performances. Deux autres expériences explorent la possibilité d’utiliser l’EEG, l’ECG et le suivi des yeux pour détecter la FM lors de simulations réalistes de drone.(iii) La première expérience se concentre sur une tâche de recherche et constitue une première étude des différences entre l’estimation de la FM basée sur le temps passé sur la tâche (TOT) et celle basée sur la performance.(iv) L’expérience suivante combine ensuite les deux expériences précédentes en ajoutant une tâche de navigation pour recréer certains aspects de l’opération de drones. Les résultats mettent en évidence la différence dans l’utilisation de définitions différentes de la FM pour le design de systèmes informatiques physiologiques. Notamment, le TOT et la performance de la tâche sont comparés.(v) Enfin, nous étudions si les alertes visuelles peuvent être utilisées pour adapter une interface adaptative dans les simulations de drones afin d’améliorer les performances. Pour ce faire, des alertes visuelles ont été ajoutées à l’expérience précédente. Les résultats préliminaires mettent en évidence l’impact d’une simple adaptation basée sur le comportement dans un environnement de travail complexe.Les travaux présentés dans ce manuscrit montrent que la flexibilité cognitive devrait être considérée comme une priorité dans la recherche sur les facteurs humains et que des adaptations simples peuvent améliorer la performance. Ils soulignent également l’importance de la FM et la manière dont différentes définitions de ce concept peuvent entraîner des différences de performance majeures pour les pBCI et les systèmes d’informatique physiologique
Uncrewed Aerial Systems (UAS) are common in many industries and an important pillar ofmany modern militaries. While technology advances rapidly, military long-endurance UASstill suffer from high rates of human error-related mishaps, especially when operators experience mental fatigue.In particular, the frequent switching between tasks required by operators presents an opportunity for improvement. Cognitive flexibility, the mental ability to switch between tasks or responses, is an important executive function. However, little research has investigated cognitive flexibility during complex tasks such as UAS control. In this thesis we address this lack, and the possibility of mitigating the adverse effects of fatigue on cognitive flexibility was also explored. For this, visual alerts were developed to inform participants when they had to switch between tasks. To increase the effectiveness of visual alerts, their use should be restricted to periods of poor performance (e.g. due to mental fatigue), during which the positive impact ofvisual alerts may be maximized.Passive Brain-Computer Interfaces (pBCI) and physiological computing systems using electroencephalography (EEG), electrocardiography (ECG) and eye-tracking may detect sub-optimal states, such as mental fatigue. Detecting mental states poses several theoretical issues. Most notably, a mental state is not necessarily a good performance indicator. Directly estimating performance, on the other hand, has proven to be more challenging for BCIs and Physiological Computing, partially because performance can be defined in many ways.Following several interviews with operators, 5 experiments were designed. (i) The firstexperiment, the Double Task Switching (DTS) experiment, tests a novel behaviouralprotocol to investigate cognitive flexibility and the effects of similarity on task-switching costs.Results showed that switching between similar and dissimilar tasks significantly differs in accuracy and reaction time. This experiment is followed by (ii) a second behavioural paradigm investigating whether the mere presence of visual alerts can improve performance. It builds on the DTS protocol and is called the DTS-II experiment. The results of this study show that visual alerts without any prior explanation do not appear to improve performance when switching between tasks.Two further experiments explore the possibility of using EEG, ECG and eye-tracking to detect mental fatigue during realistic UAS simulations. (iii) The Remot3e experiment (Remote search, 3 Es for EEG, ECG & Eye-Tracking) focuses on a search task. It constitutes a primary investigation into the differences between Time-on-Task (TOT) and performance-based mental fatigue estimation. Then, (iv) the UASOS (UAS Operator Simulation) experiment combines the DTS protocol and the Remot3e Task, adding a navigation task to recreate some of the fundamental aspects of UAS operations. Both experiments highlight the difference in using different definitions of mental fatigue for constructing and training physiological computing systems.Notably, Time-On-Task (TOT, the time a participant has been performing a task) and task performance are compared.Finally, (v) we investigate if visual alerts can be used to adapt an adaptive interface inUAS simulations to improve performance. For this, Visual Alerts were added to the UASOSexperiment. The preliminary results highlight the impact of a simple adaptation on behaviour within a complex work environment.The work in this manuscript shows that cognitive flexibility should be considered a priorityin human factor research and that simple adaptations, such as visual alerts, can improve cognitive flexibility. It also highlights the importance of mental fatigue and how different definitions of the construct (based on performance or TOT) can result in major performance differences when researching pBCIs and Physiological Computing systems

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Cuba, B. Elmer. „Estimación del PBI potencial y de la brecha del PBI: Perú 1970-1995“. Economía, 2012. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/117258.

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Bøe, Andreas Gagnat. „Degradation and Stability of PBCA and POCA Nanoparticles“. Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for fysikk, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-22417.

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Nanoparticles represent promising carriers for controlled drug delivery. In this project threedifferent intruments: Zetasizer, Nanosight and Gas Chromatography, have been used to detect and analyse degradation of monodisperse poly butylcyanoacrylate (PBCA) and polyoctylcyanoacrylate (POCA) nanoparticles with a mean size diameter of 145 and 155 nm,respectively. It was found that the Nanosight and Gas Chromatography are valuable instrumentsfor detecting and analysing degradation, whereas the Zetasizer turned out to giveunreliable results because of increasing polydispersity in the samples. PBCA and POCAparticles were tested in two different setups. One including a dialysis setup in room temperature,in which the solvent was regularly exchanged. The other consisted of reagent bottlesheld in an oven at 37C. In the dialysis method the influence of buffers with pH 4.0, pH5.5 and pH 7.4 were tested. In the reagent bottles different mediums were tested, like cellmedium, blood serum and buffer pH 7.4 with and without the enzyme esterase. From theseexperiments it became clear that PBCA particles degraded significantly faster than POCAparticles in all tested mediums. Degradation of PBCA particles were also strongly affectedby the pH. At pH 4.0 there was little (10%) or no degradation still after 30 days. The concentration of PBCA particles in pH 7.4 decayed as a 1/x -function, in which 53\% of the PBCA particles in buffer pH 7.4 have been degraded after 8.5 hours.The degradation-rate for PBCA and POCA in blood serum was approximately similar as in buffer pH 7.4, whereas in cell medium it was slightly slower.

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Van, Staden Wynand Fourie. „The fabrication of PBCO buffered step-edge Josephson junctions“. Thesis, Link to the online version, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/1597.

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Lee, Jeong Kyu. „Direct Methanol Fuel Cell Membranes from Polymer Blends“. Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1134316195.

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Kovalenko, E. N., O. N. Yunakova und N. N. Yunakov. „Absorption Spectra of Thin Films Compounds in the PbCl-CuCl System“. Thesis, Eskisehir Technical University, 2021. https://openarchive.nure.ua/handle/document/18639.

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Kreisz, Aurélien. „Membranes PBI pour pile à combustible haute température“. Thesis, Montpellier, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016MONTT224.

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Cette thèse débute par une courte introduction traitant des principes et de l'état de l'art des PEMFC dans le but de situer le contexte des travaux. Le but des travaux présentés dans ce manuscrit est de développer une nouvelle méthode de préparation de membrane pour les piles à combustible haute température (> 120 °C). Le polybenzimidazole dopé à l'acide phosphorique est devenu la référence des PEM haute température. Un degré de dopage élevé est essentiel pour minimiser les pertes ohmiques dans la cellule. Malheureusement un degré de dopage élevé entraine aussi une plastification de la membrane détériorant aussi sa résistance mécanique. Il est donc essentiel d'atteindre un compromis entre conductivité protonique élevée et résistance mécanique en contrôlant le degré de dopage. Dans ce travail, nous avons développé une nouvelle méthode de préparation de membrane, basée sur la gélation thermoréversible d'une solution de PBI dans l'acide phosphorique ou polyphosphorique, dans le but d'obtenir des degrés de dopage élevés. Une modification chimique a été réalisée dans l'état dopé afin d'induire une réticulation du polymère. De plus, les résistances mécaniques ont été améliorées en introduisant dans la membrane un mat de PBI réticulé obtenu par filage électrostatique. La faisabilité des approches suivies dans ces travaux a été démontrée par des tests en cellule de pile à combustible jusqu'à une température de 180 °C. Les AMEs élaborés à partir de ces membranes ont montré une stabilité satisfaisante durant 900 - 1000 heures de fonctionnement sous conditions statiques (opération continue à 0.2 A.cm-2) et sous conditions dynamiques (cyclage en tension et courant) avec une décroissance de la tension de la cellule au cours du temps de 0.7 - 0.8 µV.h-1 à 0.2 A.cm-2. Les caractéristiques I-V de ces AMEs ont été comparées à des assemblages de référence PBI/H3PO4 commerciaux et ont présenté des performances améliorées par rapport aux assemblages commerciaux
The thesis begins with a short overview of the principles and the current state at the art of the PEMFC in order to give a background on the specific subject of high temperature PEM fuel cell. The aim of the work presented in this thesis is to develop a new method of preparation of membrane for high temperature fuel cell (T > 120 °C). Phosphoric acid doped PBI has become the reference for high temperature PEM. A high phosphoric acid content is essential to minimize the ohmic voltage loss in the fuel cell for high current density. Unfortunately high phosphoric acid content exerts a strong plasticizing effect resulting in poor mechanical properties of the membrane. Consequently the doping level of the membrane should be a compromise between the highest proton conductivity and mechanical strength. In this work we have presented a new method of preparation of membrane based on the thermoreversible gelation of a PBI solution in phosphoric or polyphosphoric acid in order to obtain high acid doping. The chemical modification of the membrane has been performed in the doped state in order to induce a chemical crosslinking. The mechanical strength of the membrane has been further improved by the introduction of PBI electrospun mat as reinforcement. The feasibility of the approaches followed in this work was demonstrated in fuel cell tests at temperature up to 180 °C. The MEA based on those membranes have shown a stability up to 900 - 1000 hours either under static (continuous operation at 0.2 A.cm-2) or dynamic (voltage and current cycling) operation with a small voltage decay of 0.7 - 0.8 µV.h-1 at 0.2 A.cm-2. The I-V characteristics of these MEA have been compared with reference commercial PBI/H3PO4 MEAs and shown improved performances

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Monteiro, João Frederico Haas Leandro. „Análise da transição de fase normal-supercondutora dos compósitos [{Y,Gd}Ba2Cu3O7-]1-y-[PrBa2Cu3O7-]y e {[YBa2Cu3O7-]0,95-[PrBa2Cu3O7-]0,05}1-x-{Ag}x“. UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE PONTA GROSSA, 2015. http://tede2.uepg.br/jspui/handle/prefix/850.

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Fundação Araucária de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico do Paraná
In this work we analyzed the superconductor-normal transition of the composites [YBa2Cu3O7-]1-y-[PrBa2Cu3O7-]y with 0Nesta tese analisamos a transição normal-supercondutora dos compósitos [YBa2Cu3O7-]1-y-[PrBa2Cu3O7-]y com 0

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Suarez, Matthew. „The Effect of Membrane Thickness on the Performance of PBI-Based High-Temperature Direct Methanol Fuel Cells“. Digital WPI, 2013. https://digitalcommons.wpi.edu/etd-theses/1131.

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"This project investigates the effect of membrane thickness on the performance and durability of a Direct Methanol Fuel Cell (DMFC) using a commercially available Celtec®P-1000 PBI-based membrane electrode assembly (MEA). The PBI-based membranes tested were the 100µm, the standard thickness, 200µm and 250µm thick. With various methanol feed concentrations and cathode feeds, oxygen and air, the PBI-based MEAs were operated between 160 and 180°C with vaporized methanol feed. Results showed that the DMFC performance increased with temperature and with PBI membrane thickness. The optimal concentration for the 100µm membrane was at 5M while the best performance with the 200µm membrane was obtained at 3M. The 250µm membrane looked like it could have had better performance than the 200µm, but unfortunately experimental issues didn’t allow completion of these results."

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Knox, Daniel. „Performance Characteristics of PBI-based High Temperature Direct Methanol Fuel Cells“. Digital WPI, 2012. https://digitalcommons.wpi.edu/etd-theses/956.

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"This thesis investigates the effect of temperature, methanol concentration, and oxidant type on the performance of a Direct Methanol Fuel Cell (DMFC) using two versions of a commercially available polybenzimidazole (PBI)-based membrane electrode assembly (MEA): the CeltecÂ®-P 1000 MEA of original thickness and double thickness. The PBI-based MEAâ€™s were tested under the vapor-phase methanol concentrations of 1M, 2M, 3M, 5M, 7.5M, and 10M, temperatures of 160-180Â°C, and oxidants of oxygen and air. It was found that performance increased with temperature and that oxygen outperformed air as methanol concentrations increased. The double thickness PBI-based MEA, was more resistant to methanol crossover and performed better with increasing methanol concentrations. Thus, these commercial MEAs may be suitable for developing higher temperature DMFCs."

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Bücher zum Thema "Pbci"

Institute, Pennsylvania Bar. CSI at PBI. Mechanicsburg, Pa. (5080 Ritter Rd., Mechanicsburg 17055-6903): Pennsylvania Bar Institute, 2012.

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Podsiadło, Halina. Równowagi fazowe w układzie potrójnym PbO-P₂O₅-PbCl₂. Wrocław: Wydawn. Uczelniane Akademii Ekonomicznej we Wrocławiu, 1990.

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Dascal, Marcelo, Hrsg. Dialogue. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/pbcs.1.

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Verschueren, Jef, und Marcella Bertuccelli Papi, Hrsg. The Pragmatic Perspective. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/pbcs.5.

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Elmazoski, Jeff. Unsicherheiten der Beschaffung bei IPS² und PBC. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-27097-1.

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Rakernas, Partai Bhinneka Tunggal Ika Indonesia. Rakernas V PBI, Jakarta, 15-16 Desember 2002. Jakarta, Indonesia: Sekretariat Partai Bhinneka Tunggal Ika Indonesia, 2002.

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Partai Bhinneka Tunggal Ika Indonesia. Rakernas. Rakernas IV PBI, Makassar, 16-18 Januari 2002. Jakarta, Indonesia: Sekretariat, Partai Bhinneka Tunggal Ika Indonesia, 2002.

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Bértola, Luis. El PBI uruguayo 1870-1936 y outras estimaciones. [Montevideo, Uruguay]: Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Programa de Historia Económica y Social, 1998.

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Institute, Pennsylvania Bar. Forensics for the criminal practitioner: CSI at PBI. [Mechanicsburg, Pa.]: Pennsylvania Bar Institute, 2011.

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Bértola, Luis. El PBI uruguayo 1870-1936 y otras estimaciones. [Montevideo, Uruguay]: Universidad de la República, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Programa de Historia Económica y Social, 1998.

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Buchteile zum Thema "Pbci"

You, Shuyao, Mingshi Li, Wanli Liu, Hongzan Sun, Yuexi Wang, Marcin Grzegorzek und Chen Li. „PBCI-DS: A Benchmark Peripheral Blood Cell Image Dataset for Object Detection“. In Advanced Data Mining and Applications, 510–19. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-46677-9_35.

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Gooch, Jan W. „PBI“. In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 521. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_8477.

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Braun-Falco, Markus, Henry J. Mankin, Sharon L. Wenger, Markus Braun-Falco, Stephan DiSean Kendall, Gerard C. Blobe, Christoph K. Weber et al. „PBC“. In Encyclopedia of Molecular Mechanisms of Disease, 1592. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-29676-8_8143.

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Villars, P., K. Cenzual, J. Daams, R. Gladyshevskii, O. Shcherban, V. Dubenskyy, V. Kuprysyuk, O. Pavlyuk, I. Savysyuk und S. Stoyko. „PbC2[CN]6“. In Structure Types. Part 7: Space Groups (160) R3m - (156) P3m1, 716–17. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-69949-1_297.

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Steiner, G., und C. Zimmerer. „Polybenzimidazole (PBI)“. In Polymer Solids and Polymer Melts – Definitions and Physical Properties I, 726–33. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-32072-9_77.

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Invernizzi, Pietro. „PBC Genetics“. In Encyclopedia of Medical Immunology, 840–46. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-84828-0_516.

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Trivella, Juan. „Advanced PBC“. In Managing Complex Cases in Gastroenterology, 365–67. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-48949-5_85.

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van Buuren, H. R. „Corticosteroids in PBC“. In Primary Biliary Cirrhosis, 130–37. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4884-9_16.

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Schuppan, D., und E. G. Hahn. „Fibrogenesis in PBC“. In Primary Biliary Cirrhosis, 64–75. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4884-9_8.

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Kuske, Robert R. „PBI: Brachytherapy Techniques“. In Breast Surgical Techniques and Interdisciplinary Management, 837–66. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6076-4_69.

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Konferenzberichte zum Thema "Pbci"

Dehais, Frederic, Imad Rida, Raphaelle N. Roy, John Iversen, Tim Mullen und Daniel Callan. „A pBCI to Predict Attentional Error Before it Happens in Real Flight Conditions“. In 2019 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics (SMC). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/smc.2019.8914010.

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CREVELING, PETER J., DREW SOMMER, LINCOLN N. COLLINS und SCOTT A. ROBERTS. „MESOSCALE MODELING AND HOMOGENIZATION OF WOVEN CARBON FIBER COMPOSITES“. In Proceedings for the American Society for Composites-Thirty Eighth Technical Conference. Destech Publications, Inc., 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.12783/asc38/36586.

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In this study, we investigated the impact of varying boundary conditions and simulation domain size on the calculation of homogenized elastic moduli, Poisson’s ratio, thermal expansion, and cure shrinkage for woven carbon composites. The boundary conditions of interest included kinematically uniform (KUBC), statically uniform (SUBC), and periodic (PBC). Stress and strain distributions were compared across the entire simulation domain and for sub-volume regions of interest when the domain size was increased. Additionally, homogenized properties were quantified and compared across varying domain sizes. Key results show that effective moduli determined using KUBCs and SUBCs provide upper and lower limits that bounded values determined using PBCs. However, for out-of-plane thermal expansion and cure shrinkage, the effective values were not bounded by the values determined using KUBCs and SUBCs. Thermal expansion coefficients determined using KUBCs and SUBCs were underpredicted compared to values obtained from PBCs. Similarly, cure shrinkage determined using KUBCs and SUBCs were overpredicted compared to values obtain from PBCs. Lastly, it was shown that homogenized values obtain using PBCs could be well approximated using KUBCs or SUBCs with an increased domain size. Specifically, homogenized properties determined using KUBCs or SUBCs exhibited fast convergence to the periodic solution when the simulation domain size was increase both in-plane and out-of-plane, followed by calculation of properties from the centrally located unit cell within the domain.

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Wasowicz, T. J., R. Drozdowski und J. Kwela. „Investigation of hyperfine structure of several major lines in PbI and PbII“. In Jurata, Poland, herausgegeben von Jerzy Kwela, Ryszard Drozdowski und Tomasz J. Wasowicz. SPIE, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.629472.

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Zhao, Juan, Junqiang Song, Min Zhu, Jincai Li, Zhenyu Huang, Xiaoyong Li und Xiaoli Ren. „PBCS“. In ICPP 2018: 47th International Conference on Parallel Processing. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3225058.3225097.

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Ahmad Hairi, Amelia Najwa, Ungku Fatimah Ungku Zainal Abidin, Maimunah Sanny und Nur Qistina Aznor Shahril. „Consumers' Perceptions and Associations on Plant-based Cheese Analogue in Malaysia“. In 2022 AOCS Annual Meeting & Expo. American Oil Chemists' Society (AOCS), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21748/oftn5374.

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Plant-based cheese analogue (PBCA) has just started to debut in the plant-based dairy product market in Malaysia. Despite that, no research has been made on the consumers’ view on PBCA in Malaysia. This study attempts to identify the Malaysian consumers’ purchase intention of PBCA, assess the consumers’ associations evoked by cheese, and discover any differences in the perceptions of cheese and expectations toward PBCA of consumers. A quantitative online survey was conducted among cheese and PBCA consumers in Malaysia and results showed that purchase intention is the significant predictor behaviour to consume PBCA. Consumers’ attitude, subjective norm, and perceived barriers significantly influenced the purchase intention of PBCA but objective knowledge, perceived behavioural control and health consciousness showed otherwise. The study also shows that the consumers from different household groups perceive cheese and PBCA positively which shows the acceptance towards the products in the population. It can be concluded that consumers in Malaysia had a same direction in viewing PBCA. This research would benefit the local food industry players to understand more about the consumers’ view and aid them in producing a product that suits their needs.

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Feng, Xizhou, Kirk W. Cameron und Duncan A. Buell. „Biology---PBPI“. In the 2006 ACM/IEEE conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1188455.1188535.

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Kalis, Harijs, Ilmars Kangro und Aivars Aboltins. „Numerical analysis for system of parabolic equations with periodic functions“. In 22nd International Scientific Conference Engineering for Rural Development. Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, Faculty of Engineering, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/erdev.2023.22.tf157.

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Solving of parabolic partial differential equations (PDE) is closely connected to many practical studies of mathematical physics, environmental science, chemistry, etc. – modelling of heavy metal distribution in peat layer’s block; solving heat transfer problems in multilayer environments. Despite the current great capabilities of software, the development of accurate and effective numerical technique algorithms is still ongoing, particularly in areas 2-D and 3-D involving periodic boundary conditions (PBC). The solutions of some linear and nonlinear problems for parabolic type equations and systems with (PBCs) are obtained using the method of lines (MOL) to approach the partial differential equations (PDS) in the time and discretization in space applying the finite difference scheme (FDS) and the finite difference scheme with the exact spectrum (FDSES). As an application of the described mathematical models the 3-D diffusion problem of peat block is solved. The FDS method in the uniform grid is used to approximate the differential operator of the second and the first order derivatives in the space, using multi-point stencil. The solution in the time is obtained analytically with continuous and discrete Fourier methods and numerically, using MATLAB.

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Seo, Jeonghwa, Bumwoo Han, Shin Hyung Rhee, Seung-Jae Lee, Hyeseong Kim, Jeongmin Kim, Kangkyu Kwon und Jaehyun Park. „Parametric Study on Hub Vortex Reducing Effects of Propeller Boss Cap Fins by Force and Wake Field Measurements in Open Water and Self-Propulsion Conditions“. In ASME 2016 35th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2016-54858.

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Propeller boss cap fins (PBCF) is one of the most popular ESDs in the industry. The present study aims to investigate effects of design variations of PBCFs on the propulsive efficiency and propeller wake field, with special attention on hub vortex dynamics. The wake fields and force on the whole propulsive system were measured by a towed underwater stereoscopic particle image velocimetry (SPIV) system and a propeller open water (POW) test dynamometer, respectively. Design parameters of PBCFs, i.e., the fin surface area and the angle of attack onto the fins, were varied to control fin loading on the PBCF. In the wake field, root vortices generated from the propeller blades were separated by PBCF and did not form a strong hub vortex, which caused pressure drop on the propeller boss cap. The hub vortex reduction practically increased total thrust, as evidenced in the global force measurement results. In PBCF design variations, Total efficiency increased linearly as the pitch angle and fin chord length decreased. The global force measurement results implied that PBCF in light loading separated root vortices efficiently. Hub vortex reduction by PBCF in light loading was also confirmed by the wake field measurement. In the case of low fin height, however, root vortices were not blocked and actually merged to form a hub vortex. Therefore, the primary function of PBCF, i.e., reducing hub vortex, was not effective anymore and the total efficiency decreased. In heavy loading conditions, axial velocity near the center retarded further, causing greater drag and diminishing the total efficiency. The model tests were also conducted in self propulsion condition, to reveal that the new PBCF with reduced loading also improves the energy saving performance when it works in the wake of the ship.

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Lu, Yanglong, und Yan Wang. „An Improvement of Physics Based Compressive Sensing With Domain Decomposition to Monitor Temperature in Fused Filament Fabrication Process“. In ASME 2019 14th International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec2019-2899.

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Abstract Sensors in manufacturing play an important role in monitoring and improving the quality of products. However, the rising cost of sensing subsystems and the bandwidth limitation of data transmission are challenges in modern manufacturing systems, which rely on a large number of sensors. Recently, a physics based compressive sensing (PBCS) approach was proposed to monitor manufacturing processes with reduced number of sensors and amount of collected data. PBCS significantly improves the compression ratio from classical compressed sensing by incorporating the knowledge of physical phenomena in specific applications. In this paper, a modified orthogonal matching pursuit (OMP) recovery algorithm, called constrained OMP, is developed for PBCS when coherence exists between the measurement matrix and basis matrix. The efficiency of PBCS recovery is also improved by introducing a domain decomposition approach, which can reduce the size of model matrices, such as the conduction matrix and mass matrix in the transient heat transfer application. The improved PBCS with the domain decomposition method is used to monitor the temperature distribution in the cooling process and real-time printing process of fused filament fabrication.

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Llana, Patricia, und Karina Jacobsen. „Locomotive Crash Energy Management Coupling Tests“. In 2018 Joint Rail Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/jrc2018-6243.

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Research to develop new technologies for increasing the safety of passengers and crew in rail equipment is being directed by the Federal Railroad Administration’s (FRA’s) Office of Research, Development, and Technology. Crash energy management (CEM) components which can be integrated into the end structure of a locomotive have been developed: a push-back coupler and a deformable anti-climber. These components are designed to inhibit override in the event of a collision. The results of vehicle-to-vehicle override, where the strong underframe of one vehicle, typically a locomotive, impacts the weaker superstructure of the other vehicle, can be devastating. These components are designed to improve crashworthiness for equipped locomotives in a wide range of potential collisions, including collisions with conventional locomotives, conventional cab cars, and freight equipment. Concerns have been raised in discussions with industry that push-back couplers may trigger prematurely, and may require replacement due to unintentional activation as a result of service loads. Push-back couplers (PBCs) are designed with trigger loads meant to exceed the expected maximum service loads experienced by conventional couplers. Analytical models are typically used to determine these required trigger loads. Two sets of coupling tests have been conducted to demonstrate this, one with a conventional locomotive equipped with conventional draft gear and coupler, and another with a conventional locomotive retrofit with a push-back coupler. These tests will allow a performance comparison of a conventional locomotive with a CEM-equipped locomotive during coupling. In addition to the two sets of coupling tests, car-to-car compatibility tests of CEM-equipped locomotives, as well as a train-to-train test are also planned. This arrangement of tests allows for evaluation of the CEM-equipped locomotive performance, as well as comparison of measured with simulated locomotive performance in the car-to-car and train-to-train tests. The coupling tests of a conventional locomotive have been conducted, the results of which compared favorably with pre-test predictions. This paper describes the results of the CEM-equipped locomotive coupling tests. In this set of tests, a moving CEM locomotive was coupled to a standing cab car. The primary objective was to demonstrate the robustness of the PBC design and determine the impact speed at which PBC triggering occurs. The coupling speed was increased for each subsequent test until the PBC triggered. The coupling speeds targeted for the test were 2 mph, 4 mph, 6 mph, 7 mph, 8 mph, and 9 mph. The coupling speed at which the PBC triggered was 9 mph. The damage observed resulting from the coupling tests is described. Prior to the tests, a lumped-mass model was developed for predicting the longitudinal forces acting on the equipment and couplers. The test results are compared to the model predictions. Next steps in the research program, including future full-scale dynamic tests, are discussed.

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Berichte der Organisationen zum Thema "Pbci"

Calahorra-Jimenez, Maria, und Richard Poythress. Exploring Performance-Based Contracts: A Good Option to Address Long-Term Road Maintenance in California? Mineta Transportation Institute, Juli 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2024.2359.

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Performance-based contracts (PBCs) used in road maintenance provide flexibility for considering new materials, design, and technology to achieve predetermined performance targets. Several states in the U.S. have already used these types of contracts in road maintenance, and their experience can inform the use of PBCs in California. The objectives of this research are twofold. First, identify the benefits and challenges of PBCs compared to traditional contracts. Second, explore the main aspects of PBCs implementation for road maintenance and relate them to California's context. To this end, deductive-inductive content analysis was conducted on 84 peer-reviewed articles published between 1998 and 2023. Findings of this research identified the main benefits of PBCs to be: (1) cost savings, (2) improved work/service quality, and (3) reduction in risk to the transportation agency through the transfer of responsibility to the contractor. The main challenges were found to be: (1) the need for training and a shift in mindset from traditional contracting forms to PBCs, (2) the need to establish trust between contracting agencies and contractors, and (3) the temptation for contractors to abuse the system. Research findings highlighted "procurement," "performance indicators," and "incentives/disincentives" as the three major themes to consider in PBC implementation. California does not have a history of using performance-based contracts for road maintenance. Results from this research may be the first stepping stone to initiate the decision-making process to use these types of contracts for road maintenance.

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Kydd, George H., und Joan C. Marano-Goyco. Fire Tests of Polybenzimidazole (PBI) Blends. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada205999.

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Shumway, Dean A., Kimberly S. Corbin, Magdoleen H. Farah, Kelly E. Viola, Tarek Nayfeh, Samer Saadi, Vishal Shah et al. Partial Breast Irradiation for Breast Cancer. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), Januar 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.23970/ahrqepccer259.

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Objectives. To evaluate the comparative effectiveness and harms of partial breast irradiation (PBI) compared with whole breast irradiation (WBI) for early-stage breast cancer, and how differences in effectiveness and harms may be influenced by patient, tumor, and treatment factors, including treatment modality, target volume, dose, and fractionation. We also evaluated the relative financial toxicity of PBI versus WBI. Data sources. MEDLINE®, Embase®, Cochrane Central Registrar of Controlled Trials, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Scopus, and various grey literature sources from database inception to June 30, 2022. Review methods. We included randomized clinical trials (RCTs) and observational studies that enrolled adult women with early-stage breast cancer who received one of six PBI modalities: multi-catheter interstitial brachytherapy, single-entry catheter brachytherapy (also known as intracavitary brachytherapy), 3-dimensional conformal external beam radiation therapy (3DCRT), intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT), proton radiation therapy, intraoperative radiotherapy (IORT). Pairs of independent reviewers screened and appraised studies. Results. Twenty-three original studies with 17,510 patients evaluated the comparative effectiveness of PBI, including 14 RCTs, 6 comparative observational studies, and 3 single-arm observational studies. PBI was not significantly different from WBI in terms of ipsilateral breast recurrence (IBR), overall survival, or cancer-free survival at 5 and 10 years (high strength of evidence [SOE]). Evidence for cosmetic outcomes was insufficient. Results were generally consistent when PBI modalities were compared with WBI, whether compared individually or combined. These PBI approaches included 3DCRT, IMRT, and multi-catheter interstitial brachytherapy. Compared with WBI, 3DCRT showed no difference in IBR, overall survival, or cancer-free survival at 5 and 10 years (moderate to high SOE); IMRT showed no difference in IBR or overall survival at 5 and 10 years (low SOE); multi-catheter interstitial brachytherapy showed no difference in IBR, overall survival, or cancer-free survival at 5 years (low SOE). Compared with WBI, IORT was associated with a higher IBR rate at 5, 10, and over 10 years (high SOE), with no difference in overall survival, cancer-free survival, or mastectomy-free survival (low to high SOE). There were significantly fewer acute adverse events (AEs) with PBI compared with WBI, with no apparent difference in late AEs (moderate SOE). Data about quality of life were limited. Head-to-head comparisons between the different PBI modalities showed insufficient evidence to estimate an effect on main outcomes. There were no significant differences in IBR or other outcomes according to patient, tumor, and treatment characteristics; however, data for subgroups were insufficient to draw conclusions. Eight studies addressed concepts closely related to financial toxicity. Compared with conventionally fractionated WBI, accelerated PBI was associated with lower transportation costs and days away from work. PBI was also associated with less subjective financial difficulty at various time points after radiotherapy. Conclusions. Clinical trials that compared PBI with WBI demonstrate no significant difference in the risk of IBR. PBI is associated with fewer acute AEs and may be associated with less financial toxicity. The current evidence supports the use of PBI in appropriately selected patients with early-stage breast cancer. Further investigation is needed to evaluate the outcomes of PBI in patients with various clinical and tumor characteristics, and to define optimal radiation treatment dose and technique for PBI.

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Wyatt, Alan. Case Study: Performance-based Contract for NRW Reduction and Control New Providence, Bahamas. Inter-American Development Bank, Januar 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0009375.

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The purpose of this case study is to review the context, preparation and implementation progress of the Bahamas Water and Sewerage Corporation’s (WSC) Performance-based Contract (PBC) for Non-Revenue Water (NRW) management in New Providence, Bahamas. This innovative contract was implemented as part of the IDB Loan Project: WSC Support Program – New Providence Water Supply and Sanitation Systems Upgrade (BH-L1028). Specialists at IDB, at other international organizations and managers and policymakers at the country / utility levels in the LAC Region will gain an in-depth look into how this project was formulated, and how it was, and is still, being implemented and monitored. They can also gain lessons of experience on NRW and the use of PBCs from the experience of the Bahamas. The Bahamas is overstressed on water availability, and New Providence is one of the most overstressed areas in the Caribbean. WSC began operations in 1976 under times of water stress and rationing, but in good financial condition. Looking forward, WSC’s main development strategy was to continually add small increments of production capacity to be able to meet demand with a narrow margin. As time went on, wells and barged water supplies became far less attractive, due to salinization of many aquifers and logistical difficulties with barging. At this time, desalination is the only viable source of water for New Providence, in spite of its cost.

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Cozzi, A. D., D. R. Best und M. M. Reigel. Analytical Results Of MOX Colemanite Concrete Sample PBC-44.2. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), Oktober 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1053585.

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Best, D., A. Cozzi und M. Reigel. ANALYTICAL RESULTS OF MOX COLEMANITE CONCRETE SAMPLE PBC-44.2. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), Dezember 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1059387.

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Wade, Charles E. Characterization and Application of a Large Animal Model of Penetrating Ballistic Brain Injury (PBBI). Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, März 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada559331.

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Weidert, R. S. Automated Transportation Management System (ATMS) V2.0 logistics module PBI acceptance criteria. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), Februar 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/39072.

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Vogel, John, und Katrina Fritz Intwala. Demonstration of Next-Generation PEM CHP Systems for Global Markets Using PBI Membrane Technology. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1097545.

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Jayaweera, Indira, und Palitha Jayaweera. Development of a Pre-combustion CO2 Capture Process Using High-Temperature PBI Hollow-Fiber Membranes. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1569766.

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