Thematische Bibliographien / Particle polymerization

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Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Particle polymerization“

Autor: Grafiati

Veröffentlicht am 28. Juni 2021

Zuletzt aktualisiert am 4. Februar 2022

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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "Particle polymerization"

Šňupárek, Jaromír, Pavel Bradna, Libuše Mrkvičková, František Lednický und Otakar Quadrat. „Effect of Coagulative Mechanism of Particle Growth on the Structural Heterogeneity of Ethyl Acrylate-Methacrylic Acid Copolymer Latex Particles“. Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 58, Nr. 10 (1993): 2451–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc19932451.

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Latex particles of ethyl acrylate-methacrylic acid copolymers prepared by semicontinuous emulsion polymerization with a monomer emulsion feed were found to disintegrate into smaller subparticles on alkalization. The phenomenon observed by light scattering and scanning electron microscopy is explained in terms of heterogeneous structure of latex particles which are agglomerates of small particles formed by coagulation during polymerization. The influence of particle size and polymerization route on particle heterogenity is discussed.

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Yogo, Toshinobu, Tomoyuki Nakamura, Ko-ichi Kikuta, Wataru Sakamoto und Shin-ichi Hirano. „Synthesis of α–Fe2O3 particle/oligomer hybrid material“. Journal of Materials Research 11, Nr. 2 (Februar 1996): 475–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1996.0057.

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A nanocrystalline α–Fe2O3 particle/oligomer hybrid can be synthesized by polymerization of iron (III) 3-allylacetylacetonate (IAA) followed by in situ hydrolysis. The polymerization of IAA was dependent upon the polymerization temperature and solvent. GPC measurement showed that the polymerization degree of the IAA oligomer ranged from ∼3 to ∼6. The magnetic particle/oligomer hybrid was synthesized by hydrolysis of the IAA oligomer under a neutral or alkaline condition. Crystalline particles from 10 to 40 nm were finely dispersed in the oligomeric matrix, depending upon the hydrolysis conditions. The nanocrystalline particles below 10 nm in diameter were identified to be α−Fe2O3 by electron diffraction. The nanosized α−Fe2O3/oligomer hybrid was found to show superparamagnetic behavior.

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Zhang, Wenyang, Zhengwen Wu, Hanjun Mao, Xinwei Wang, Jianlong Li, Yongyi Mai und Jianyong Yu. „Particle morphology, structure and properties of nascent ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene“. Royal Society Open Science 7, Nr. 8 (August 2020): 200663. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.200663.

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The effects of particle morphology on the structure and swelling/dissolution and rheological properties of nascent ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) in liquid paraffin (LP) were elaborately explored in this article. Nascent UHMWPE with different particle morphologies was prepared via pre-polymerization technique and direct polymerization. The melting temperature and crystallinity of UHMWPE resins with different particle morphologies were compared, and a schematic diagram was proposed to illustrate the mechanism of UHMWPE particle growth synthesized by pre-polymerization method and direct polymerization. The polymer globules in the nascent UHMWPE prepared by using pre-polymerization technique are densely packed and a positive correlation between the particle size and the viscosity-averaged molecular weight can be observed. The split phenomenon of particles and the fluctuation in the viscosity of UHMWPE/LP system prepared by direct polymerization can be observed at a low heating rate and there is no correlation between particle size and viscosity-averaged molecular weight.

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Yogo, Toshinobu, Tomoko Nakafuku, Wataru Sakamoto und Shin-ichi Hirano. „Synthesis of ZnO particle–polymer hybrid from zinc–organics“. Journal of Materials Research 19, Nr. 2 (Februar 2004): 651–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2004.19.2.651.

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Nanocrystalline ZnO particle–polymer hybrid was synthesized by controlled polymerization and hydrolysis of zinc acrylate (ZA). 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectra revealed the polymerization of ZA during hydrolysis in the presence of hydrazine at 65 °C for 24 h. Nanocrystalline ZnO particles were dispersed in the organic matrix through the polymerization–hydrolysis reaction of ZA using hydrazine or methylhydrazine. ZnO particles increased in crystallinity with increasing amount of water for hydrolysis in the system using hydrazine. Methylhydrazine was found to yield ZnO with higher crystallinity than that obtained using hydrazine. The nanocrystalline particles were identified to be ZnO by electron diffraction. ZnO particle–polymer hybrid was workable by mild heating into transparent films between silica plates. The absorption edge of the transparent ZnO particle–polymer hybrid film was blue-shifted depending on the size of ZnO particles.

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Capek, I. „On the inverse miniemulsion copolymerization and terpolymerization of acrylamide, N, N′-methylenebis(acrylamide) and methacrylic acid“. Open Chemistry 1, Nr. 3 (01.09.2003): 291–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/bf02476230.

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AbstractThe kinetics of free-radical copolymerization and terpolymerization of acrylamide (AAm), N, N′-methylenebis(acrylamide) (MBA) and methacrylic acid (MA) in the inverse water/monomer/cyclohexane/Tween 85 miniemulsion was investigated. Polymerizable sterically-stable miniemulsions were formulated in cyclohexane as a continuous medium. Polymerizations are very fast and reach the final conversion within several minutes. The dependence of the polymerization rate vs. conversion is described by a curve with two nonstationary rate intervals. The maximum rate of polymerization slightly increases with increasing concentration of crosslinking monomer (MBA) and strongly decreases by the addition of MA. The rate of polymerization is inversely proportional to the 0.9th and 1.8th power of the particle concentration without and with MA, respectively. The number of polymer particles is inversely proportional to the 0.18th and 0.13th power of MBA concentration. The kinetic and colloidal parameters of the miniemulsion polymerization are discussed in terms of microemulsion polymerization model.

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Park, Jae-Jung, Yongsoo Kim, Chanmin Lee, Donghyun Kim, Wonjun Choi, Hyukjun Kwon, Jung-Hyun Kim, Ki-Seob Hwang und Jun-Young Lee. „Morphological Analysis of PSMA/PEI Core–Shell Nanoparticles Synthesized by Soap-Free Emulsion Polymerization“. Nanomaterials 11, Nr. 8 (29.07.2021): 1958. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano11081958.

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Emulsion polymerization presents the disadvantage that the physical properties of polymer particles are altered by surfactant adsorption. Therefore, in the soap-free emulsion polymerization method, a hydrophilic initiator is utilized while inducing repulsion among particles on the polymer particle surface, resulting in stable polymer particle production. In this study, we developed a methodology wherein spherical and uniform poly(styrene-co-maleic anhydride) (PSMA)/polyethyleneimine (PEI) core–shell nanoparticles were prepared. Further, their morphology was analyzed. During PSMA polymerization, the addition of up to 30% maleic anhydride (MA) resulted in stable polymerization. In PSMA/PEI nanoparticle fabrication, the number of reactants increased with increased initial monomer feed amounts; consequently, the particle size increased, and as the complete monomer consumption time increased, the particle distribution widened. The styrene (St) copolymer acted as a stabilizer, reducing particle size and narrowing particle distribution. Furthermore, the monomers were more rapidly consumed at high initiator concentrations, irrespective of the initiator used, resulting in increased particle stability and narrowed particle distribution. The shell thickness and particle size were PEI feed ratio dependent, with 0.08 being the optimal PEI-to-MA ratio. The fabricated nanoparticles possess immense potential for application in environmental science and in chemical and health care industries.

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Tiwari, Aishwarya. „Calculations of the Average Number of Radicals per Particle in Emulsion Polymerization“. International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, Nr. VI (15.06.2021): 1056–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.35189.

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In emulsion polymerization, the free radicals enter the particles intermittently from the aqueous phase. The number of radicals per particleis given by the Smith-Ewart recursion relation which balances the rate of radical entry into, the rate of radical exit from and the rate of radical termination inside the particle. Models for emulsion polymerisation are based on the 0-1 kinetics or the pseudo-bulk kinetics. Small particles, low initiator concentrations and large number of particles favour the 0–1 kinetics, whereas the large particles, high initiator concentrations and small number of particles will favour pseudo-bulk kinetics. A given polymerization system may exhibit both these kinetic behaviours, initially following the 0-1 kinetics and during the later stages of polymerization following the pseudo-bulk kinetics. The aim of this work is to calculate the time dependent values of the average number of radicals per particle in emulsion polymerization for the pseudo-bulk kinetics.

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Li, Joshua Qing Song, Yan Qiu Wang und Hai Wang. „Preparation and Characterization of Silica/Polymer Hybrid Submicron Particles via a Semi-Continuous Soap-Free Emulsion Polymerization“. Advanced Materials Research 1120-1121 (Juli 2015): 225–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1120-1121.225.

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Submicron hybrid particles were prepared by direct polymerization of three monomers of styrene, methyl methacrylate (MMA), and vinyl acetate (VAC) onto the hydrophilic surface of 230 nm silica submicron particles without any coupling agent in a semi-continuous emulsifier-free emulsion polymerization at a monomer starved condition. The polymerization was initiated by potassium persulfate with constant monomer feed at 0.01, 0.02, or 0.04 mL/min, after adding 230 nm silica seed particles. The particle growth was investigated with a laser particle size analyzer and SEM, and the particle surfaces by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). It was founded that the growth of the hybrid particles depended on the hydrophobic characteristics of the polymers. When monomer was the most hydrophobic styrene, polystyrene (PS) shells split off from the hydrophilic surface of the unmodified silica particle whenever the shells reached a limit of ~20 nm. However, both polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) and polyvinyl acetate (PVAC) shells grew constantly on the hydrophilic surface of silica particles. In the process of the whole reaction, the SiO2/PMMA and SiO2/PVAC hybrid particles kept almost monodisperse.

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Wang, Qiao, Jin Liang Li, Ai Ping Fu und Hong Liang Li. „Effect Factors on the Preparation of Polystyrene Microspheres by Emulsifier-Free Emulsion Polymerization“. Advanced Materials Research 926-930 (Mai 2014): 304–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.926-930.304.

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Emulsifier-free emulsion polymerization is a technique derived from conventional emulsion polymerization in which polymerization is carried out in the absence of emulsifiers. This technique is useful for the preparation of polymer colloids with narrow particle size distributions and well defined surface properties. Emulsifier-free emulsion polymerization eliminates the disadvantages of conventional emulsion polymerizations stemming from the use of emulsifiers, e.g. impurities in products caused by residual emulsifier and poor water-resistance of films induced by polymer latex.

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CHOI, H. J., M. S. CHO und I. S. LEE. „ELECTRORHEOLOGY OF MONODISPERSE CORE/SHELL STRUCTURED PARTICLE SUSPENSIONS“. International Journal of Modern Physics B 19, Nr. 07n09 (10.04.2005): 1077–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979205029882.

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As a novel candidate of electrorheological (ER) material, core/shell composite particles (PAPMMA) of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) core and polyaniline (PANI) shell were prepared and adopted as a dispersed phase. PAPMMA particles, obtained by a dispersion polymerization method, were spherical and possessed a monodisperse particle size distribution, in which the PANI shell was introduced on the surface of PMMA via an in-situ polymerization of aniline by adding an oxidant in an aqueous acidic solution. Yield stress of the PAPMMA suspensions under an applied electric field was observed to be increased with a particle size. In addition, monodisperse acrylic microspheres with aniline moiety on the surface were prepared by a seeded emulsion method, and then composite particles possessing chemically bonded PANI shell (PA-PGMA) were prepared via an in-situ polymerization of aniline. Their ER characteristics were also examined.

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Dissertationen zum Thema "Particle polymerization"

Leswin, Joost Sieger Kaspar. „Particle Formation in RAFT-mediated Emulsion Polymerization“. University of Sydney, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/2176.

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Doctor of Philosophy(PhD)
Particle formation in RAFT-mediated emulsion polymerization has been studied using reaction calorimetry. By measuring the heat flow during controlled feed ab-initio emulsion polymerization in the presence of amphipathic RAFT agents, particle formation by self-assembly of these species could be observed. Two different monomer systems, i.e. styrene and n-butyl acrylate, and various degrees of hydrophobicity of the initial macro-RAFT agents have been studied and compared. The different macro-RAFT agents were synthesized by first forming a hydrophilic block of poly(acrylic acid) that would later on act as the electrosteric stabilizing group for the particles. Subsequently, different lengths of hydrophobic blocks were grown at the reactive end of the poly(acrylic acid) hydrophilic block via the RAFT-mediated controlled radical polymerization, either comprised of n-butyl acrylate or styrene. Two processes govern particle formation: adsorption of macro-RAFT agents onto growing particles and formation of new particles by initiation of micellar aggregates or by homogeneous nucleation. Competition between these processes could be observed when monomers with a relatively high (n-butyl acrylate) or low (styrene) propagation rate coefficient were used. A model describing particle formation has been developed and the results of model calculations are compared with experimental observations. Preliminary modeling results based on a set of reasonable physico-chemical parameters already showed good agreement with the experimental results. Most parameters used have been verified experimentally. The development of the molecular weight distribution of the macro-RAFT agents has been analyzed by different techniques. Quantification of the particle formation process by analytical techniques was difficult, but qualitative insights into the fundamental steps governing the nucleation process have been obtained. The amount of macro-RAFT agents initially involved in particle formation could be determined from the increase of molecular weight. The particle size distribution has been measured by capillary hydrodynamic fractionation, transmission electron microscopy and dynamic light scattering. From the data obtained from these particle-sizing techniques, the number of particles during the reaction could be monitored, leading to an accurate estimate for the particle formation time. Upon implementation of the experimental data obtained for the surface active macro-RAFT systems, the model demonstrated to be very sensitive towards the “headgroup” area of the macro-RAFT species. Three nucleation cases based on the initial surface activity of the macro-RAFT species in the aqueous phase are proposed to explain the deviations from the assumptions of the nucleation model. Even though the macro-RAFT species have a narrow molecular weight distribution, they are nevertheless made up of a distribution of block lengths of polystyrene upon a distribution of block lengths of poly(acrylic acid). The resulting differences in initial surface activity are the most probable reason for the observed differences between model calculations and experimental results for the nucleation time and particle size distribution of the final latex product. With the procedure described above, latexes have been synthesized without using conventional surfactants and the mechanisms involved in the particle formation for these systems have been elucidated. The results of this work enable production of latex systems with well defined molecular mass distributions and narrow particle size distributions. Furthermore, the technique based on the application of amphipathic RAFT agents is promising for the production of complex polymeric materials in emulsion polymerization on a technical scale.

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Gilmore, Cheryl Matthews. „Particle nucleation and growth in a polymerically stabilized emulsion polymerization system“. Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/11707.

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Brunier, Barthélémy. „Modeling of Pickering Emulsion Polymerization“. Thesis, Lyon 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LYO10320/document.

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L’objectif du présent projet est de développer une méthodologie pour la modélisation fondamentale de procédés de polymérisation en émulsion sans tensioactif stabilisés par des particules inorganiques, dénommées "polymérisation en émulsion Pickering". La modélisation des systèmes de polymérisation en émulsion nécessite la modélisation de la distribution de taille des particules (PSD), qui est une propriété importante d'utilisation finale du latex. Cette PSD comprend des sous-modèles dédiés à la nucléation des particules, le transfert de masse entre les différentes phases (monomère, radicaux, stabilisant) et la coagulation des particules. Ces modèles devraient de préférence être validés expérimentalement de manière individuelle. La première partie principale du travail est consacrée à l'étude expérimentale. Cette partie peut être divisée en trois parties. La première partie décrit l'adsorption de particules inorganiques sur le polymère sans réaction. Une adsorption multicouche a été observée et l’isotherme B.E.T. a été capable de décrire cette adsorption. L'adsorption se révèle être plus importante pour une force ionique plus élevée. La dynamique d'adsorption semple être rapide et par conséquent le partage peut être considéré à l'équilibre pendant la polymérisation. La deuxième partie concerne l'étude de différents paramètres de réaction sur le nombre de particules et la vitesse de réaction dans des polymérisations ab initio. L'effet du mélange, de la concentration initiale des monomères et de la concentration de l'initiateur a été étudié. L'optimisation de ces conditions a été utile pour la partie de modélisation. La dernière partie décrit les différences entre plusieurs Laponite® à travers la polymérisation en émulsion ab initio du styrène.La deuxième partie principale du manuscrit a porté sur la modélisation de la polymérisation en émulsion Pickering. Le modèle de bilan de population et le nombre moyen de radicaux par particule ont été calculés en fonction de l'effet des particules organiques. La croissance des particules de polymère a été optimisée en ajustant les modèles d'entrée et de désorption des radicaux décrits dans la littérature aux données expérimentales. Aucune modification n'a été nécessaire, ce qui nous a permis de conclure que l'argile n'avait aucune influence sur l'échange radical. Cependant, la stabilisation joue un rôle important dans la production de particules de polymère. Le modèle de nucléation coagulante a été capable de décrire le taux de nucléation et de prédire le nombre total de particules
The aim of the present project is to develop a methodology for fundamental modeling of surfactant-free emulsion polymerization processes stabilized by inorganic particles, referred to as “Pickering emulsion polymerization”. Modeling emulsion polymerization systems requires modeling the particle size distribution (PSD), which is an important end-use property of the latex. This PSD includes submodels dedicated to particle nucleation, mass transfer between the different phases (monomer, radicals, stabilizer), and particle coagulation. These models should preferably be individually identified and validated experimentally. The first main part of the work is dedicated to the experimental study. This part can be divided in three parts. The first part describes the adsorption of inorganic particles on polymer without reaction. Multilayer adsorption was observed and B.E.T. isotherm was able to describe this adsorption. The adsorption was found to be enhanced at higher ionic strength. The adsorption dynamics were found fast and therefore clay partitioning can be considered at equilibrium during polymerization. The second part concerned the investigation of different reaction parameters on the particles number and reaction rate in ab initio polymerizations. The effect of mixing, initial monomer concentration and initiator concentration were considered. Optimization of these conditions was useful for the modeling part. The last part described the differences between several LaponiteR_ grades through the ab initio emulsion polymerization of styrene. The second main part of the manuscript focused on the modeling of the Pickering emulsion polymerization. The population balance model and average number of radicals balance were adapted regarding the effect of inxi organic particles. The growth of the polymer particles was optimized by fitting the models of radicals’ entry and desorption described available in literature to the experimental data. No modification was needed, which allowed us to conclude that the clay had no influence on radical exchange. However, LaponiteR_ stabilization played an important role in polymer particles production. Coagulative nucleation model was able to describe the nucleation rate and predict the total number of particles

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Roßner, Christian. „High-Precision Particle Arrangement in Gold‒Polymer-Nanocomposites using RAFT Polymerization“. Doctoral thesis, Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-1735-0000-002B-7CAD-0.

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Rodrigues, Jeffrey Collin. „Comparison of shear stability of mini and macroemulsion latexes with respect to particle size and number distribution“. Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/9136.

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Godin, Alexandra [Verfasser]. „Particle formation and multiphase morphologies in catalytic aqueous ethylene polymerization / Alexandra Godin, geb. Tchernook“. Konstanz : Bibliothek der Universität Konstanz, 2017. http://d-nb.info/113819610X/34.

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Downey, Jeffrey S. „Precipitation polymerization of divinylbenzene to monodisperse microspheres : an investigation of the particle formation mechanism /“. *McMaster only, 2000.

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Virtanen, Otto L. J. [Verfasser], Walter [Akademischer Betreuer] Richtering und Sebastian [Akademischer Betreuer] Seiffert. „Insight into precipitation polymerization of N-isopropylacrylamide : reaction mechanism, particle formation and particle structure / Otto L. J. Virtanen ; Walter Richtering, Sebastian Seiffert“. Aachen : Universitätsbibliothek der RWTH Aachen, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1130792501/34.

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Rawlston, Jonathan A. „Multiscale modeling of free-radical polymerization kinetics“. Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/33933.

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Polymer chain microstructure, including characteristics such as molecular weight and branch length, can impact the end-use properties of the polymer. The assumptions contained in deterministic models prevent examination of the structure of individual polymer chains, so removal of these assumptions is necessary to gain insight into molecular-level mechanisms that determine chain microstructure. The work presented here uses a combination of stochastic and deterministic models to examine two significant mechanistic issues in free radical polymerization. The zero-one assumption concerning the number of radicals is often made for miniemulsion polymerization using oil-soluble initiators because of accelerated termination due to radical confinement. Although most of the initiator is present inside the particles, opposing viewpoints exist as to whether the locus of radical generation is the particle phase or the aqueous phase. A well-mixed kinetic Monte Carlo (KMC) model is used to simulate the molecular weight distribution and the results are compared to estimated molecular weights for several chain-stopping events, with the finding that the dominant nucleation mechanism varies with reaction temperature and particle size. Intramolecular chain transfer to polymer, or backbiting, is often assumed to produce only short-chain branches. Using a lattice KMC model, a cumulative distribution function (CDF) is obtained for branch lengths produced by backbiting. Implementation of the CDF in both a rate-equation model and the well-mixed KMC model shows that, for the butyl acrylate solution polymerization system used for comparison, backbiting is responsible for most of the branches, including long-chain branches, even though overlap of the polymer coils in the solution is predicted, a condition which would normally be expected to lead to significant intermolecular chain transfer to polymer. The well-mixed KMC model provides a more thorough analysis of chain microstructure while the rate-equation model is more computationally efficient.

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Rajabi-Hamane, Mehdi [Verfasser]. „Modeling, Validation and Time Optimal Control of Particle Size Distribution in Emulsion Polymerization / Mehdi Rajabi-Hamane“. Aachen : Shaker, 2007. http://d-nb.info/1166511340/34.

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Bücher zum Thema "Particle polymerization"

Okubo, Masayoshi. Polymer particles. Berlin: Springer, 2011.

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Piotr, Garstecki, Hrsg. Microfluidic reactors for polymer particles. Hoboken, N.J: Wiley, 2011.

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Zirkzee, Hendricus Franciscus. A novel approcah to the encapsulation of silica particles: Mechanisims and kinetics. Eindhoven: Technische Universiteit Eindhoven, 1997.

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Partition of cell particles and macromolecules: Separation and purification of biomolecules, cell organelles, membranes, and cells in aqueous polymer two-phase systems and their use in biochemical analysis and biotechnology. 3. Aufl. New York: Wiley, 1986.

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Masayoshi, Okubo, Hrsg. Polymer particles. Berlin: Springer, 2005.

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Herk, Alex M. van, und Katharina Landfester. Hybrid Latex Particles: Preparation with emulsion Polymerization. Springer, 2012.

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Kumacheva, Eugenia, und Piotr Garstecki. Microfluidic Reactors for Polymer Particles. Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, John, 2011.

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Hybrid Latex Particles Advances in Polymer Science. Springer, 2010.

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T, Bhatt Ramakrishna, und United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., Hrsg. The effect of polymer char on nitridation kinetics of silicon. [Washington, DC]: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1994.

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Buchteile zum Thema "Particle polymerization"

Seki, Shu, Tsuneaki Sakurai, Masaaki Omichi, Akinori Saeki und Daisuke Sakamaki. „Single-Particle Triggered Polymerization“. In SpringerBriefs in Molecular Science, 69–74. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-55684-8_7.

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Zeaiter, Joseph, und José A. Romagnoli. „Optimization of the Particle Size in Emulsion Polymerization“. In Monitoring Polymerization Reactions, 363–80. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118733813.ch18.

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Herk, A. M. „Particle Growth in Emulsion Polymerization“. In Polymeric Dispersions: Principles and Applications, 17–30. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5512-0_2.

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Venkatesan, J., und Cesar A. Silebi. „Particle Size Characterization During Emulsion Polymerization“. In ACS Symposium Series, 266–84. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-1998-0693.ch018.

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Takahashi, T., H. Fukazawa und H. Kawaguchi. „Particle-forming precipitation polymerization under unusual conditions“. In Aqueous Polymer Dispersions, 164–67. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/b12162.

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Van Gilder, R. L., und M. A. Langhorst. „Application of High-Speed, Integrated, Computerized, Hydrodynamic Chromatography for Monitoring Particle Growth During Latex Polymerization“. In Particle Size Distribution, 272–86. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-1987-0332.ch019.

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Tauer, K., und I. Kühn. „Particle Nucleation at the Beginning of Emulsion Polymerization“. In Polymeric Dispersions: Principles and Applications, 49–65. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5512-0_4.

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Wang, Lei, Junting Li, Yang Zheng, Yucheng Huang, Yali Qiao und Brian C. Benicewicz. „RAFT Polymerization on Particle Surfaces: Same Goal, Different Strategies“. In ACS Symposium Series, 187–201. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2015-1188.ch013.

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Napper, D. H., und R. G. Gilbert. „Emulsion Polymerization: The Mechanisms of Latex Particle Formation and Growth“. In An Introduction to Polymer Colloids, 159–85. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-0521-4_6.

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Konferenzberichte zum Thema "Particle polymerization"

Wang, Yang, und Francis J. Doyle. „Reachability analysis of particle size distribution in semibatch emulsion polymerization“. In 2003 European Control Conference (ECC). IEEE, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/ecc.2003.7085066.

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Liotta, V., C. Georgakis und M. S. El-Aasser. „Real-time estimation and control of particle size in semi-batch emulsion polymerization“. In Proceedings of 16th American CONTROL Conference. IEEE, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/acc.1997.609717.

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Immanuel, C. D., F. J. Doyle und C. F. Cordeiro. „Experimental studies of the sensitivity of particle size distribution in emulsion co-polymerization“. In Proceedings of American Control Conference. IEEE, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/acc.2001.945568.

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Immanuel, C. D., und F. J. Doyle. „Tracking of a reference particle size distribution trajectory in semi-batch emulsion polymerization“. In Proceedings of 2002 American Control Conference. IEEE, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/acc.2002.1023150.

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Guo, Qing, Haiyan Liu, Juan Chen und Dazi Li. „Optimal grade transition of continuous polymerization process based on multiobjective particle swarm optimization“. In 2015 54th Annual Conference of the Society of Instrument and Control Engineers of Japan (SICE). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/sice.2015.7285317.

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Hosseini, Alireza, Milad Oshaghi und Sebastian Engell. „Mid-course control of particle size distribution in emulsion polymerization using a hybrid model“. In 2013 IEEE International Conference on Control Applications (CCA). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cca.2013.6662836.

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Irisa, Masayuki. „A Brownian Ratchet Model of Actin Polymerization Motor by using Extended Scaled Particle Theory“. In SLOW DYNAMICS IN COMPLEX SYSTEMS: 3rd International Symposium on Slow Dynamics in Complex Systems. AIP, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1764147.

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Aribowo, Slamet, Mas Ayu Elita Hafizah, Azwar Manaf und Andreas. „Study of aniline polymerization reactions through the particle size formation in acidic and neutral medium“. In PROCEEDINGS OF THE 3RD INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MATERIALS AND METALLURGICAL ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY (ICOMMET 2017) : Advancing Innovation in Materials Science, Technology and Applications for Sustainable Future. Author(s), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5030278.

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„Numerical issues in solving population balance equations for particle size distribution control in emulsion polymerization“. In Proceedings of the 1999 American Control Conference. IEEE, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/acc.1999.783219.

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Hwang, Ho-Sang, Bum-Kyoung Seo und Kune-Woo Lee. „Strippable Core-Shell Polymer Emulsion for Decontamination of Radioactive Surface Contamination“. In ASME 2010 13th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2010-40193.

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In this study, the core-shell composite polymer for decontamination from the surface contamination was synthesized by the method of emulsion polymerization and blends of polymers. The strippable polymer emulsion is composed of the poly(styrene-ethyl acrylate) [poly(St-EA)] composite polymer, poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP). The morphology of the poly(St-EA) composite emulsion particle was core-shell structure, with polystyrene (PS) as the core and poly(ethyl acrylate) (PEA) as the shell. Core-shell polymers of styrene (St)/ethyl acrylate (EA) pair were prepared by sequential emulsion polymerization in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) as an emulsifier using ammonium persulfate (APS) as an initiator. Related tests and analysis confirmed the success in synthesis of composite polymer. The products are characterized by FT-IR spectroscopy, TGA that were used, respectively, to show the structure, the thermal stability of the prepared polymer. Two-phase particles with a core-shell structure were obtained in experiments where the estimated glass transition temperature and the morphologies of emulsion particles. Decontamination factors of the strippable polymeric emulsion were evaluated with the polymer blend contents.

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