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Thematische Bibliographien / Particle formation and transformation / Zeitschriftenartikel

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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema „Particle formation and transformation“

Autor: Grafiati

Veröffentlicht am 28. Juni 2021

Zuletzt aktualisiert am 29. Juli 2025

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1

Moon, Jooho, Melanie L. Carasso, Henrik G. Krarup, Jeffrey A. Kerchner, and James H. Adair. "Particle-shape control and formation mechanisms of hydrothermally derived lead titanate." Journal of Materials Research 14, no. 3 (1999): 866–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1999.0116.

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Phase-pure perovskite lead titanate with various morphologies has been synthesized by a hydrothermal method at 150 °C. Particle shapes include cubic, tabular, and aggregated platelike shapes. The feedstock concentration greatly influences particle morphology of the hydrothermally derived PbTiO3. At a concentration of 0.05 M, the tabular particles form while cubic particles are produced at 0.1 M. Aggregated plateletlike particles are synthesized at 0.125 M. It was observed that both tabular and cubic particles directly precipitate from the coprecipitated precursor gel. In contrast, the platelet

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2

Namiki, Norikazu, Yoshio Otani, Hitoshi Emi, and Shuji Fujii. "Particle Formation of Materials Outgassed from Silicone Sealants by Corona-Discharge Ionizers." Journal of the IEST 39, no. 1 (1996): 26–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.17764/jiet.2.39.1.3l026553j1366046.

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Particle formation of LMCS (low-molecular-weight poly-cyclo-dimethyl-siloxane) outgassed from silicone sealants by a corona-discharge ionizer was studied by measuring the number concentration and size distribution of formed particles as well as by qualitative analyses of formed particles with FT-IR (Fourier transformation infrared spectroscopy). Further, the influence of humidity and oxygen on the particle formation was investigated to find the reaction mechanisms. As a result, it was found that the LMCS is polymerized to form particles with two different reaction paths and that the LMCS is on

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3

Hansson, Hans-Christen. "Particle formation and transformation in continental air masses." Journal of Aerosol Science 26 (September 1995): S549—S550. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0021-8502(95)97182-e.

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4

BHATTACHARYA, P., and K. CHATTOPADHYAY. "PHASE FORMATION AND TRANSFORMATION OF EMBEDDED ALLOY NANOPARTICLES: CASE OF LEAD INDIUM ALLOY PARTICLES IN ALUMINUM." International Journal of Nanoscience 04, no. 05n06 (2005): 909–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219581x05003875.

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The effect of size on the alloying and transformation behavior of multicomponent metallic systems has received very little attention. The present study reports a preliminary result in this direction involving Pb–In nanosized alloy particles embedded in an aluminum matrix. With the help of various techniques including in situ electron microscopy, we show that at small sizes, the Pb–In alloys particles are single-phase solid solution having fcc structure at the composition range covering both Pb and In rich regions. The results of in situ microscopy also indicate that the melting point and rough

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5

Grekhov, Alexey, and Yury Eremin. "Dimensional Transformation of Percolation Structure in Mixed-Matrix Membranes (MMMs)." Membranes 13, no. 9 (2023): 798. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes13090798.

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A large number of studies of mixed-matrix membranes (MMMs) have confirmed the possibility of obtaining new materials with unique transport properties, including for solving specific problems in the separation of mixtures of liquids and gases. The choice of particles with a given affinity for the matrix and separable components allows researchers to adjust the selective properties of MMMs in a wide range, which changes the properties of MMMs in a wide range. However, even within the framework of the most complex percolation mechanism of the formation of the MMM structure, it is possible to expl

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Wu, Z. J., J. Zheng, D. J. Shang, et al. "Particle hygroscopicity and its link to chemical composition in the urban atmosphere of Beijing, China, during summertime." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 16, no. 2 (2016): 1123–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-1123-2016.

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Abstract. Simultaneous measurements of particle number size distribution, particle hygroscopic properties, and size-resolved chemical composition were made during the summer of 2014 in Beijing, China. During the measurement period, the mean hygroscopicity parameters (κs) of 50, 100, 150, 200, and 250 nm particles were respectively 0.16 &amp;pm; 0.07, 0.19 &amp;pm; 0.06, 0.22 &amp;pm; 0.06, 0.26 &amp;pm; 0.07, and 0.28 &amp;pm; 0.10, showing an increasing trend with increasing particle size. Such size dependency of particle hygroscopicity was similar to that of the inorganic

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Wu, Z. J., J. Zheng, D. J. Shang, et al. "Particle hygroscopicity and its link to chemical composition in the urban atmosphere of Beijing, China during summertime." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 15, no. 8 (2015): 11495–524. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-15-11495-2015.

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Abstract. Simultaneous measurements of particle number size distribution, particle hygroscopic properties, and size-resolved chemical composition were made during the summer of 2014 in Beijing, China. During the measurement period, the median hygroscopicity parameters (κ) of 50, 100, 150, 200, and 250 nm particles are respectively 0.15, 0.19, 0.22, 0.27, and 0.29, showing an increasing trend with increasing particle size. When PM2.5 mass concentration is greater than 50 μg m−3, the fractions of the hydrophilic mode for 150, 250, 350 nm particles increased towards 1 as PM2.5 mass concentration

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Zhao, Jun-Ren, Fei-Yi Hung, and Truan-Sheng Lui. "Particle Erosion Induced Phase Transformation of Different Matrix Microstructures of Powder Bed Fusion Ti-6Al-4V Alloy Flakes." Metals 9, no. 7 (2019): 730. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met9070730.

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In this study, powder bed fusion Ti-6Al-4V alloy flake was subjected to heat treatment at 800 °C for 4 h for inducing the complete transformation of the α’ phase into the α+β phases. An erosion experiment with 450 µm mean particle diameter of Al2O3 particles at a 90° impact on both the as- powder bed fusion (PBF) Ti-6Al-4V and the 4-h 800 °C heat-treated specimens to clarify the particle erosion-induced phase transformation behavior and its effect on mechanical properties. Particle erosion-induced phase transformation to the α phase was observed on both the as-PBF Ti-6Al-4V and the heat-treate

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Peled, Aaron. "Transformation steps of microstructures in photodeposited films of a-Se." Journal of Materials Research 4, no. 1 (1989): 177–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1989.0177.

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Amorphous selenium (a-Se) colloid particles have been directly photodeposited onto insulating substrates. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) supported by kinetic adsorption measurements reveals the origin of the photodeposition process. The studies show that film formation occurs through a sequence of particle precipitation, growth, and photoadsorption. A plastic flow and coalescence process creates a continuous monolayer before a fast deposition rate of Se on the deposited materials commences. Surface forces seem to have an important role in the creation of the morphological structures of the

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Khertek, Chayana, and Anatoly Sazonov. "Deformational and metasomatic transformations of detrital gold in the course of placer formation." Ores and metals, no. 4 (January 17, 2024): 74–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.47765/0869-5997-2023-10020.

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The richest gold placers periodically mined since 1838 are known in the north of the Republic of Tyva, within the basin of the Amyl and Sistig-Khem rivers. Ag-Au gold is the most common, and cuprous and mercuric varieties are presented in small quantities. Lode gold occurrences are confined to quartz veins and have no economic value. Detrital gold in the placer deposits has the typical typomorphic features of placer gold: roundness, compositional heterogeneity, the presence of rims and intergranular veinlets of high-fineness gold, and particle deformation structures. We have considered the tra

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Cholakova, Diana, Zhulieta Valkova, Slavka Tcholakova, Nikolai Denkov, and Bernard P. Binks. "Spontaneous particle desorption and “Gorgon” drop formation from particle-armored oil drops upon cooling." Soft Matter 16, no. 10 (2020): 2480–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9sm02354b.

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We study how the phenomenon of drop “self-shaping“, in which oily drops undergo a spontaneous series of shape transformation on colling, is affected by the presence of adsorbed solid particles, like those in Pickering emulsions.

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Berezhnoi, Yu M., D. I. Monastyrsky, and O. N. Romanova. "Influence of Polyelectrolytes on the Processes of Structure Formation of Copper Powders." Solid State Phenomena 299 (January 2020): 1069–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.299.1069.

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The results of the studies on the synthesis of ultrafine copper powders are described in the article. The mechanisms of formation of ultrafine powders, using water-soluble polyacrylamide and polyvinyl-pyrrolidone polymers, as particle growth inhibitors, are presented. The processes occurring in the presence of water-soluble polymers and their influence on the structure of the obtained ultrafine copper powders are described. The interaction of the matrix of polymer composite materials with filler particles is analyzed. The kinetics of crystallization and transformation of crystalline phases of

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Qin, Juanjuan, Jihua Tan, Xueming Zhou, et al. "Measurement report: Particle-size-dependent fluorescence properties of water-soluble organic compounds (WSOCs) and their atmospheric implications for the aging of WSOCs." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 22, no. 1 (2022): 465–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-465-2022.

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Abstract. Water-soluble organic compounds (WSOCs) play important roles in atmospheric particle formation, migration, and transformation processes. Size-segregated atmospheric particles were collected in a rural area of Beijing. Three-dimensional fluorescence spectroscopy was used to investigate the optical properties of WSOCs as a means of inferring information about their atmospheric sources. Sophisticated analysis on fluorescence data was performed to characteristically estimate the connections among particles of different sizes. WSOC concentrations and the average fluorescence intensity (AF

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14

Wang, Z. B., M. Hu, D. L. Yue, et al. "Evaluation on the role of sulfuric acid in the mechanisms of new particle formation for Beijing case." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 11, no. 8 (2011): 24165–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-11-24165-2011.

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Abstract. New particle formation (NPF) is considered as an important mechanism for gas-to-particle transformation, and gaseous sulfuric acid is believed as a curcial precursor. Up to now few field-based studies on nucleation mechanisms and the role of sulfuric acid were conducted in China. In this study, simultaneously measurements of particle number size distributions and gaseous sulfuric acid concentrations were performed from July to September in 2008. Totally, 22 new particle formation events were observed during the entire 85 campaign days. The results show that the condensation sink of p

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15

Chen, Nan Chun, Quan Tang, Xiao Hu Zhang, Wei Wang, and Meng Ying Li. "Structure Analysis of Type-A Zeolites Molecular Sieve Prepared from Stellerite." Advanced Materials Research 412 (November 2011): 378–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.412.378.

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Type-A zeolites molecular sieve is prepared after crystallization of the type-A zeolites molecular sieve precursor, which is prepared from Stellerite, at temperature of 90 ~ 100°C for 6 hours. It has a complete structure, with crystallinity of 98%, volume average particle size of 3.72µm and particle size distribution which is less than 10µm over 90%. Multi-member rings structure in the type-A zeolites molecular sieve cover each other, forming the cage (β-cage, α-cage, octahedral cage) structure. Nuclei and nanometer particles are formed after the further congregation reaction, and then gather

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SUGAYA, R. "Cross-field plasma acceleration and potential formation induced by electrostatic waves in a relativistic magnetized plasma." Journal of Plasma Physics 64, no. 2 (2000): 109–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022377800008485.

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Relativistic and non-relativistic particle acceleration along and across a magnetic field, and the generation of an electric field transverse to the magnetic field, both induced by almost perpendicularly propagating electrostatic waves in a relativistic magnetized plasma, are investigated theoretically on the basis of relativistic quasilinear transport equations. The electrostatic waves accelerate particles via Landau or cyclotron damping, and the ratio of parallel and perpendicular drift velocities vs||/vd can be proved to be proportional to k||/k⊥. Simultaneously, an intense cross-field elec

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Meng, Xiangxinyue, Zhijun Wu, Jingchuan Chen, et al. "Particle phase state and aerosol liquid water greatly impact secondary aerosol formation: insights into phase transition and its role in haze events." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 24, no. 4 (2024): 2399–414. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-2399-2024.

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Abstract. The particle phase state is crucial for reactive gas uptake, heterogeneous, and multiphase chemical reactions, thereby impacting secondary aerosol formation. This study provides valuable insights into the significance of particle-phase transition and aerosol liquid water (ALW) in particle mass growth during winter. Our findings reveal that particles predominantly exist in a semi-solid or solid state during clean winter days with ambient relative humidity (RH) below 30 %. However, a non-liquid to liquid phase transition occurs when the ALW mass fraction exceeds 15 % (dry mass) at tran

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Hu, Da Wei, and Yan Ming Wang. "Preparation of Hexagonal Fe₃O₄ Nanometer Particles via Weakly Magnetic Field Assisted Oxidation Co-Precipitation." Advanced Materials Research 418-420 (December 2011): 286–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.418-420.286.

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This paper utilized a novel oxidative co-precipitation method to synthesis hexagonal Fe3O4 nanometer particles, which assisted by a weakly magnetic field. The crystallinity, morphology, particle size distribution, compositions and magnetic properties of the as-prepared particles were investigated using powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), ultrasonic particle sizer (UPS), X-ray photoelectron spectra (XPS) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). The formation mechanism of the hexagonal Fe3O4 nanometer particles, which assisted by a weakly magnetic field was also d

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Xie, Yuanyuan, Xingnan Ye, Zhen Ma, et al. "Insight into winter haze formation mechanisms based on aerosol hygroscopicity and effective density measurements." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 17, no. 11 (2017): 7277–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-7277-2017.

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Abstract. We characterize a representative particulate matter (PM) episode that occurred in Shanghai during winter 2014. Particle size distribution, hygroscopicity, effective density, and single particle mass spectrometry were determined online, along with offline analysis of water-soluble inorganic ions. The mass ratio of SNA ∕ PM1. 0 (sulfate, nitrate, and ammonium) fluctuated slightly around 0.28, suggesting that both secondary inorganic compounds and carbonaceous aerosols contributed substantially to the haze formation, regardless of pollution level. Nitrate was the most abundant ionic spe

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Aloyan, A. E., A. N. Yermakov, and V. O. Arutyunyan. "On the Influence of Atmospheric Ions on Aerosol Formation: Numerical Modeling." Известия Российской академии наук. Физика атмосферы и океана 59, no. 4 (2023): 467–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s000235152304003x.

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A new mathematical model of the global transport of multicomponent gas impurities and aerosols has been constructed, including the formation of sulfate aerosols in the atmosphere in both hemispheres. Calculations of the nucleation rates and particle number concentrations were performed for the winter period in the troposphere using a unified model that takes into account chemical and kinetic transformation processes (photochemistry, nucleation, condensation/evaporation, and coagulation). Binary nucleation of sulfuric acid and water vapor was coupled with new-particle formation due to atmospher

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Avila, Mario, Patricio Navarro, Cristian Vargas, Paul Varava, Jonathan Castillo, and Carlos Durán. "Effect of a pre-treatment with hydrochloric acid on the copper solubilization of a bornite concentrate with posterior leaching in chloride medium." DYNA 89, no. 223 (2022): 97–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/dyna.v89n223.100622.

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The formation of soluble species from a bornite flotation concentrate pre-treated with hydrochloric acid was studied. Copper recovery after a leaching in a H2SO4-NaCl solution was determined. The influence of acid concentration and ore particle size were evaluated. Chemical and morphological characterization of the samples before and after the leaching were carried out by XRD and SEM to evaluate changes in the bornite. It was revealed that increasing acid concentration during the pre-treatment dramatically enhances the formation of soluble species, reaching in one case 49.0% of copper dissolut

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Lin, Feng. "(Invited) Phase Transformation and Chemomechanical Breakdown of Alkali Metal Ion Cathode Materials." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2018-01, no. 32 (2018): 1948. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2018-01/32/1948.

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Chemical and mechanical properties interplay on the nanometric scale and collectively govern the functionalities of battery materials. Understanding the relationship between the two can inform the design of battery materials with optimal chemomechanical properties for long-life lithium and sodium batteries. We found that chemomechanical properties of cathode materials are associated with phase transformation behaviors and can promote the cathode–anode crosstalk in full cells. In this presentation, we will first discuss an integrative approach of mapping valence states and constructing chemical

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Gao, Xin-Yi, Yong-Jiang Guo, and Wen-Rui Shan. "Scaling and hetero-/auto-Bäcklund transformations with solitons of an extended coupled (2+1)-dimensional Burgers system for the wave processes in hydrodynamics and acoustics." Modern Physics Letters B 34, no. 34 (2020): 2050389. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217984920503893.

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The Burgers-type equations are applied to oceanography, hydrodynamic turbulence, gas dynamics, shock-wave formation, acoustic transmission structure, boundary-layer behavior, continuum-traffic simulation, convection-dominated diffusion, wave formation in the thermo-elastic media, vorticity transport, dispersion in the porous media, particle sedimentation in fluid suspension, colloid evolution, and so forth. Hereby, taking into account the wave processes in hydrodynamics and acoustics, we investigate an extended coupled (2+1)-dimensional Burgers system, and with symbolic computation, work out a

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Prikhodko, V. G., V. N. Yarygin, and I. V. Yarygin. "Ultra-dispersed particles of water-soluble and water-insoluble substances formed from gas-droplet flows." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2119, no. 1 (2021): 012047. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2119/1/012047.

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Abstract The work is devoted to the experimental study of the ultra dispersed particles formation process, which is essentially a fundamental problem of heat and mass transfer in gas-droplet flows under phase transformation conditions. Various methods of generating and controlling the gas-droplet flow parameters are considered. The description of the created equipment and diagnostic methods for studying gas-droplet flows is given. The particle size distribution functions are obtained using an aerosol particle spectrometer. The possibility of controlling the parameters of ultrafine particles of

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Wang, Z. B., M. Hu, D. L. Yue, et al. "Evaluation on the role of sulfuric acid in the mechanisms of new particle formation for Beijing case." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 11, no. 24 (2011): 12663–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-11-12663-2011.

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Abstract. New particle formation (NPF) is considered as an important mechanism for gas-to-particle transformation, and gaseous sulfuric acid is believed as a crucial precursor. Up to now few field-based studies on nucleation mechanisms and the role of sulfuric acid were conducted in China. In this study, simultaneously measurements of particle number size distributions and gaseous sulfuric acid concentrations were performed from July to September in 2008. Totally, 22 new particle formation events were observed during the entire 85 campaign days. The results show that in the case of both higher

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Hofmeister, H., G. L. Tan, and M. Dubiel. "Shape and Internal Structure of Silver Nanoparticles Embedded in Glass." Journal of Materials Research 20, no. 6 (2005): 1551–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2005.0197.

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The structural characteristics of silver nanoparticles embedded in glass by various routes of fabrication were studied in detail using high-resolution electron microscopy to find out if they are influenced by interaction with the surrounding glass matrix. Besides the formation conditions, the strength of the interaction between metal and glass governs the size-dependent changes of lattice spacings in such nanoparticles. However, determination of these changes is not straightforward because of complicated particle configurations and the interference nature of the lattice imaging technique. Imag

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Ulevičius, V., D. Butkus, K. Plauškaitė, A. Girgždys, S. Byčenkienė, and N. Špirkauskaitė. "Impact of krypton-85 beta radiation on aerosol particle formation and transformation." Lithuanian Journal of Physics 49, no. 4 (2009): 471–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.3952/lithjphys.49411.

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Sukhinina, Nadezhda S., Vladimir M. Masalov, Tatiana N. Fursova, et al. "Heat-Mediated Transformation of PMMA-SiO2 Core-Shell Particles into Hollow SiO2 Particles." Crystals 12, no. 7 (2022): 883. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst12070883.

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Changes in the morphology and structure of the core-shell particles of polymethyl methacrylate-silicon dioxide and hollow SiO2 particles during their heat treatment were studied by electron microscopy, infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction. The polymeric core of the PMMA-SiO2 hybrid particle was found to undergo an unusual transformation when exposed to the electron microscope beam: its shrinkage occurs through the formation of a spherical cavity. It was shown that the process of silica-shell formation occurs in the temperature range of 200–600 °C and is accompanied by the loss of vinyl

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Jensen, Kirsten, Henrik Andersen, Christoffer Tyrsted та ін. "Formation of γ-Fe2O3 in hydrothermal synthesis: In situ total scattering studies". Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations and Advances 70, a1 (2014): C1180. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2053273314088196.

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The properties of metal oxide nanoparticles are highly dependent on particle characteristics such as size, crystallinity, and structural defects. To obtain particles with tailormade properties, it is crucial to understand the mechanisms that govern these characteristics during material synthesis. For this purpose, in situ studies of particle synthesis have proven powerful.[1] Here, in situ Total Scattering (TS) combined with in situ PXRD studies of the hydrothermal synthesis of γ-Fe2O3 (maghemite) from ammonium iron citrate will be presented. In situ TS with Pair Distribution Function (PDF) an

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Bielefeldt, Brent R., Jacob D. Hochhalter, and Darren J. Hartl. "Shape memory alloy sensory particles for damage detection: Experiments, analysis, and design studies." Structural Health Monitoring 17, no. 4 (2017): 777–814. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1475921717721194.

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Developing novel techniques for monitoring structural integrity has become an important area of research in the aerospace community. One new technique exploits the stress-induced phase transformation behavior in shape memory alloy particles embedded in a structure. By monitoring changes in the mechanical and/or electromagnetic behavior of such particles, the formation or propagation of fatigue cracks in the vicinity of these particles can be detected. This work demonstrates sensory particle response to local structural damage using finite element modeling for the first time. Using an optimizat

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Song, Junwei, Harald Saathoff, Feng Jiang, Linyu Gao, Hengheng Zhang, and Thomas Leisner. "Sources of organic gases and aerosol particles and their roles in nighttime particle growth at a rural forested site in southwest Germany." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 24, no. 11 (2024): 6699–717. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-6699-2024.

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Abstract. The composition, sources and chemical transformation of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and organic aerosol (OA) particles were investigated during July–August 2021 at a rural forested site in southwest Germany, 10 km north of the city of Karlsruhe. VOCs and semi-volatile OA particles were measured with a proton-transfer-reaction mass spectrometer coupled to the CHemical Analysis of aeRosols ONline particle inlet (CHARON–PTR-MS). The CHARON-measured OA mass accounted for 62 ± 18 % on average of the total OA mass (4.2 ± 2.8 µg m−3) measured concurrently with an aerosol mass spectrom

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Makonese, T., P. Forbes, L. Mudau, and H. J. Annegarn. "Aerosol particle morphology of residential coal combustion smoke." Clean Air Journal 24, no. 2 (2014): 24–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/caj/2014/24/2.7064.

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A study carried out at the University of Pretoria characterised aerosol particle morphology of residential coal combustion smoke. The general approach in this study was on individual particle conglomerations because the radiative, environmental, and health effects of particles may depend on specific properties of individual particles rather than on the averaged bulk composition properties. A novel, miniature denuder system, developed and tested at the University of Pretoria, was used to capture particle emissions from the coal fires. The denuder consists of two silicone rubber traps (for gas p

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Bid, S., and S. K. Pradhan. "Preparation and microstructure characterization of ball-milled ZrO2powder by the Rietveld method: monoclinic to cubic phase transformation without any additive." Journal of Applied Crystallography 35, no. 5 (2002): 517–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0021889802008725.

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The phase transformation kinetics of high-energy ball-milled monoclinic ZrO2have been studied in detail by Rietveld powder structure refinement analysis. In the present study, no stabilizing compound was required to obtain the cubic phase. The fine-grain powder was milled in a planetary ball mill for up to several hours at different BPMRs (ball to powder mass ratios): 10:1, 20:1, 35:1 and 40:1. During the process of ball milling, the monoclinic phase is gradually transformed to the cubic phase. The relative phase abundances of the respective phases, the particle sizes, the r.m.s. strains, the

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Cheng, Feng, Ao Li, Siliang Wang, et al. "In Situ Investigation of the Phase Transition at the Surface of Thermoelectric PbTe with van der Waals Control." Research 2022 (March 26, 2022): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.34133/2022/9762401.

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The structure of thermoelectric materials largely determines the thermoelectric characteristics. Hence, a better understanding of the details of the structural transformation process/conditions can open doors for new applications. In this study, the structural transformation of PbTe (a typical thermoelectric material) is studied at the atomic scale, and both nucleation and growth are analyzed. We found that the phase transition mainly occurs at the surface of the material, and it is mainly determined by the surface energy and the degree of freedom the atoms have. After exposure to an electron

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Cassidy-Hanley, Donna, Josephine Bowen, John H. Lee, et al. "Germline and Somatic Transformation of Mating Tetrahymena thermophila by Particle Bombardment." Genetics 146, no. 1 (1997): 135–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/146.1.135.

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Mating Tetrahymena thermophila were bombarded with ribosomal DNA-coated particles at various times in development. Both macronuclear and micronuclear transformants were recovered. Optimal developmental stages for transformation occurred during meiosis for the micronucleus and during anlagen formation for the macronucleus. Evidence is given for transient retention of the introduced plasmid. Genetic and molecular tests confirmed that sexually heritable transformation was associated with integration at the homologous site in the recipient micronuclear chromosome.

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Aptukov, V. N., I. I. Tsirulnik, N. E. Skryabina, and D. Fruchart. "Importance of thermal conductivity and stress level during a phase (hydride) transformation in magnesium." PNRPU Mechanics Bulletin, no. 3 (December 15, 2021): 12–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.15593/perm.mech/2021.3.02.

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There are many different systems of an autonomous energy storage including accumulators and storage devices for renewable energy. Systems based on reversible metal hydrogenation have recently been introduced. The selection of metals is based on considerations of temperature and pressure conditions of the hydrogenation/dehydrogenation cycle, as well as the desired storage hydrogen capacity. Magnesium is one of the main challenging metals with respect to these main conditions since having a hydrogen capacity up to 7.6 w.%. For Mg forming MgH2, it was soon established that the size of particles p

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Gerasimova, L. G., E. S. Shchukina, M. V. Maslova, and A. I. Nikolaev. "PHASE FORMATION IN ALKALINE TITANOSILICATE SYSTEMS DURING HYDROTHERMAL SYNTHESIS." Доклады Российской академии наук. Химия, науки о материалах 513, no. 1 (2023): 86–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s2686953523700255.

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The investigations in the polycomponent high alkaline systems – TiO2–H2SO4–Na2SiO3–NaOH–H2O and TiO2–H2SO4–(NH4)2SO4–Na2SiO3–NaOH–H2O under hydrothermal synthesis conditions have been carried out to provide new products with the given technical properties. It has been shown that by directed selection of structure-forming components, in particular titanium compounds, together with optimal parameters of hydrothermal treatment of the obtained precursor, it is possible to form compounds with the given phase and chemical composition, morphology and particle size. It was found that the rate of struc

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Shimizu, T., Y. Yamamoto, and N. Tenma. "Methane-Hydrate-Formation Processes in Methane/Water Bubbly Flows." SPE Journal 22, no. 03 (2016): 746–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/176156-pa.

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Summary Offshore natural-gas production from methane-hydrate (MH) reservoirs has received considerable attention. In this study, the offshore production method is briefly described, followed by the flow loop experiments performed to investigate the formation processes of MH in methane-in-water bubbly flows. Transient processes of phase transformation are characterized by phase paths, flow morphologies, pump heads, and in-situ particle-size measurements. It is realized that an MH slurry is generated by MH shells covering unconverted bubbles, whereas it can be transformed into a colloidal flow w

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Voliotis, Aristeidis, Mao Du, Yu Wang, et al. "Chamber investigation of the formation and transformation of secondary organic aerosol in mixtures of biogenic and anthropogenic volatile organic compounds." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 22, no. 21 (2022): 14147–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-14147-2022.

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Abstract. A comprehensive chamber investigation of photochemical secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation and transformation in mixtures of anthropogenic (o-cresol) and biogenic (α-pinene and isoprene) volatile organic compound (VOC) precursors in the presence of NOx and inorganic seed particles was conducted. To enable direct comparison across systems, the initial concentration (hence reactivity) of the systems towards the dominant OH oxidant was adjusted. Comparing experiments conducted in single-precursor systems at various initial reactivity levels (referenced to a nominal base case VOC c

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Liang, Changhao, Yoshiki Shimizu, Takeshi Sasaki, and Naoto Koshizaki. "Synthesis, characterization, and phase stability of ultrafine TiO2 nanoparticles by pulsed laser ablation in liquid media." Journal of Materials Research 19, no. 5 (2004): 1551–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2004.0208.

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We synthesized ultrafine TiO2 nanoparticles by pulsed laser ablation of a titanium target immersed in an aqueous solution of surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) or deionized water. The surfactant concentration dependence of TiO2 nanocrystal formation was systematically investigated by various characterization techniques. The maximum amount of ultrafine anatase nanocrystalline particles (with mean size of 3 nm in diameter) was obtained in an aqueous solution of 0.01 M SDS. A probable formation process was proposed based on the laser-induced reactive quenching and surfactant-mediated growth.

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Sakthinathan, Indherjith, Manivannan Mahendran, Karthik Krishnan, and Selvakumar Karuthapandi. "Selenium tethered copper phthalocyanine hierarchical aggregates as electrochemical hydrogen evolution catalysts." Sustainable Energy & Fuels 5, no. 14 (2021): 3617–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1se00595b.

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Oxidative transformation of (n-OctSe)<sub>8</sub>CuPc in different solvent systems leads to the formation of hierarchically structured fibrous and particle aggregates that allow the HER to occur at a very low overpotential.

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Kang, Chin-Shuo, and Edward Evans. "Synthesis and Transformation of Hollow Rutile Titania Wires by Single Spinneret Electrospinning with Sol-Gel Chemistry." Fibers 9, no. 3 (2021): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fib9030018.

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The work described below was carried out to understand how to control the morphology of nanostructured titania calcined from electrospun nanofibers. This is the first report of hollow rutile nanofibers synthesized from electrospun nanofibers with short calcination time. Titanium isopropoxide was incorporated into the nanofibers as the titania precursor. The electrospinning technique was used to fabricate ceramic/polymer hybrid nanofibers. The electrospun nanofibers were then calcined to produce rutile titania nanofibers with different morphologies (hollow or solid nanofibers), which were chara

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Korolev, Alexei. "Limitations of the Wegener–Bergeron–Findeisen Mechanism in the Evolution of Mixed-Phase Clouds." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 64, no. 9 (2007): 3372–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas4035.1.

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Abstract Phase transformation and precipitation formation in mixed-phase clouds are usually associated with the Wegener–Bergeron–Findeisen (WBF) process in which ice crystals grow at the expense of liquid droplets. The evolution of mixed-phase clouds, however, is closely related to local thermodynamical conditions, and the WBF process is just one of three possible scenarios. The other two scenarios involve simultaneous growth or evaporation of liquid droplets and ice particles. Particle evolution in the other two scenarios differs significantly from that associated with the WBF process. Thus,

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Grahn, A. Marika, Rimantas Daugelavičius, and Dennis H. Bamford. "The Small Viral Membrane-Associated Protein P32 Is Involved in Bacteriophage PRD1 DNA Entry." Journal of Virology 76, no. 10 (2002): 4866–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.76.10.4866-4872.2002.

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ABSTRACT The lipid-containing bacteriophage PRD1 infects a variety of gram-negative cells by injecting its linear double-stranded DNA genome into the host cell cytoplasm, while the protein capsid is left outside. The virus membrane and several structural proteins are involved in phage DNA entry. In this work we identified a new infectivity protein of PRD1. Disruption of gene XXXII resulted in a mutant phenotype defective in phage reproduction. The absence of the protein P32 did not compromise the particle assembly but led to a defect in phage DNA injection. In P32-deficient particles the phage

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Xu, G. R., C. S. B. Fitzpatrick, and J. Gregory. "Floc Formation, Size Distribution, and its Transformation Detected by Online Laser Particle Counter." Separation Science and Technology 43, no. 7 (2008): 1725–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01496390801973706.

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Liu, Yang, Qinwei Wang, Bingqing Yao, Daibo Zhu, Deshan Chen, and Peng Zhang. "Microstructure and Mechanical Evolution of Cu-2.7Be Sheets via Annealing." Metals 10, no. 2 (2020): 241. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met10020241.

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The microstructure and mechanical properties of cold-rolled Cu-2.7Be sheets under various annealing processes and conditions were investigated in this research. The increased beryllium content in the Cu-2.7Be alloy facilitates the formation of brittle secondary phases. Consequently, the study highlights the functionality of annealed Cu-2.7Be alloys as more favorable dynodes than the traditionally used Cu-2.0Be alloys. The mechanism of recrystallization used for the transformation of Cu-2.7Be alloys was that of continuous static recrystallization (cSRX). Moreover, the relationship between the o

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Pfrang, C., M. Shiraiwa, and U. Pöschl. "Chemical ageing and transformation of diffusivity in semi-solid multi-component organic aerosol particles." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 11, no. 4 (2011): 13003–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-11-13003-2011.

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Abstract. Recent experimental evidence underlines the importance of reduced diffusivity in amorphous semi-solid or glassy atmospheric aerosols. This paper investigates the impact of diffusivity on the ageing of multi-component reactive organic particles representative of atmospheric cooking aerosols. We apply and extend the recently developed KM-SUB model in a study of a 12-component mixture containing oleic and palmitoleic acids. We demonstrate that changes in the diffusivity may explain the evolution of chemical loss rates in ageing semi-solid particles, and we resolve surface and bulk proce

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Pfrang, C., M. Shiraiwa, and U. Pöschl. "Chemical ageing and transformation of diffusivity in semi-solid multi-component organic aerosol particles." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 11, no. 14 (2011): 7343–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-11-7343-2011.

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Abstract. Recent experimental evidence underlines the importance of reduced diffusivity in amorphous semi-solid or glassy atmospheric aerosols. This paper investigates the impact of diffusivity on the ageing of multi-component reactive organic particles approximating atmospheric cooking aerosols. We apply and extend the recently developed KM-SUB model in a study of a 12-component mixture containing oleic and palmitoleic acids. We demonstrate that changes in the diffusivity may explain the evolution of chemical loss rates in ageing semi-solid particles, and we resolve surface and bulk processes

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Chang, Hsiao-Ming, Carlos I. Vazquez, Ruei-Feng Shiu, and Wei-Chun Chin. "Temperature Effects on Effluent Microgel Formation." Polymers 14, no. 22 (2022): 4870. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14224870.

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Wastewater treatment plant effluent is considered an important hotspot of dissolved organic matter. The behavior and transformation of dissolved effluent organic matter (dEfOM) regulate particle sedimentation, pollutant fate, microbial attachment, and biofilm formation. However, studies have so far focused on the transformation of marine and riverine organic matter, and the current knowledge of dEfOM behavior is still limited. Fluctuations in water conditions, especially temperature, may directly alter the size, assembly speed, and structure of microgels, thereby potentially disturbing fate an

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Dong, Yan, Yang Zhou, Xue Lin Han, and Wei Jie Gu. "Aluminate Green Phosphor with Small Particle Size Used for PDP via Co-Precipitation Method." Advanced Materials Research 295-297 (July 2011): 890–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.295-297.890.

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Mg doped BaAl12O19:Mn2+ phosphor is one of the most efficient green phosphors for PDP. It is difficult to prepare the phosphor both have small particle size (< 3μm) and high luminescence. In the present work, a BaAl12O19:Mn2+ phosphor with small particle size was synthesized by the chemical co-precipitation method. Phase transformation and particle growth process during calcining process were investigated. The nucleation process was also discussed. The results show that, the phase transformation is complicated, the transition phases include BaCO3, γ-Al2O3, BaF2, BaAl2O4 and two phases conta

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