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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "Paramedic Depression"
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Courtney, James A., Andrew J. P. Francis und Susan J. Paxton. „Caring for the Carers: Fatigue, Sleep, and Mental Health in Australian Paramedic Shiftworkers“. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Organisational Psychology 3 (01.04.2010): 32–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1375/ajop.3.1.32.
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AbstractThis study investigated fatigue, sleep quality, mental health and physical activity in paramedic shiftworkers. Although limited, previous studies have established high fatigue levels and poor health in this sector from shiftwork rostering and occupational demands. A modified version of the Standard Shiftwork Index was completed by 342 paramedics (243 male and 98 females). Single sample t tests found significantly higher levels of fatigue, depression, anxiety, and stress, and significantly poorer sleep quality than reference samples. Paramedics also reported less physical activity than community samples. Depression and sleep quality explained the greatest amount of variance in fatigue scores, followed by level of exercise. No differences were detected in levels of depression or fatigue on the basis of gender. The findings suggest that ambulance paramedic shiftworkers are at particular risk for increased levels of fatigue and depression (regardless of age or gender) and poor quality sleep. Organisational intervention was suggested.
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Holmes, Lisa. „Exploring the Preparedness of Student Paramedics for the Mental Health Challenges of the Paramedic Profession“. Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 34, s1 (Mai 2019): s83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x19001742.
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Introduction:The mental health challenges encountered by paramedics have received much attention in recent years. This attention has particularly focused on high rates of stress, depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder. This heightened awareness of the high incidence of mental illness, which has at times tragically resulted in the suicide of serving and former paramedics, is stimulating the address of mental health within the paramedic profession. It is now time to call on paramedic educators to prepare student paramedics for the mental health challenges associated with a career in the emergency medical services.Aim:To explore the preparedness of student paramedics for the mental health challenges of the paramedic profession and identify the coping strategies used by veteran paramedics to successfully meet these challenges.Methods:Twenty semi-structured interviews with veteran paramedics from Australia and New Zealand were conducted.Results:Advice from veteran paramedics was comprised of three key themes: support, health, and the profession.Discussion:The findings of the study indicate that the preparation of student paramedics for the mental health challenges of the paramedic profession throughout the undergraduate curriculum could be advantageous. The advice offered by veteran paramedics can be included within undergraduate paramedic curricula and delivered by sharing the personal experiences of the veteran paramedics. These experiences are highly credible and sharing them offers an opportunity for veterans to contribute positively to the future of paramedicine. Guidelines for their inclusion in the undergraduate paramedic curriculum should be prepared to facilitate knowledge translation and to encourage the development of conscious coping strategies by student paramedics during their learning phase. Further research is needed to raise awareness in this area, with a specific focus on preparing paramedic students to cope with mental health challenges related to undergraduate degree programs, and how they feel about commencing their career as a paramedic.
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May, Tobias, Teresa Klas, Christina Arnold, Thomas Hofmann, Leona Maaß, Yvonne Treusch und Luis Möckel. „Depressionen und damit assoziierte Faktoren bei Rettungskräften in Deutschland – Ergebnisse aus der EMS-Health-Studie für den Zeitraum 2020/2021“. ASU Arbeitsmedizin Sozialmedizin Umweltmedizin 2024, Nr. 02 (30.01.2024): 120–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.17147/asu-1-335668.
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Depression and associated factors among emergency medical services staff in Germany: results from the EMS Health Study for the period 2020/2021 Background: Depression is one of the most common psychological conditions and factors such as pain and psychosocial workload can increase the risk for depression. Since there is little data available for prehospital emergence medical services (EMS) staff in Germany, the aim of the study was to identify factors associated with depression. Methods: This analysis was a nationwide cross-sectional study with prehospital EMS staff in Germany. Factors associated with depression were identified using multivariable logistic regression analysis, calculating adjusted odds ratios (AOR) and associated 95 % confidence intervals (95 % CI). Results: A total of 2,313 EMS staff were included in the analysis. The 12-month prevalence of depression was 15.6 % in women and 12.2 % in men. Significantly associated with depression were qualifications (paramedic*s: AOR: 1.99 [95 % CI: 1.10; 3.58] p = 0.022; paramedic*s: AOR: 1.69 [95 % CI: 1.08; 2.61] p = 0.021; reference: paramedics) and actual working hours (increase per hour: AOR: 1.02 [95 % CI: 1.00; 1.03] p = 0.013). Furthermore, poorer health, severe pain, allergies, and being a former smoker were also associated with a significantly higher chance of depression. In contrast, employees living in a relationship showed a lower chance of suffering from depression. Conclusion: This analysis provides evidence for factors associated with depression in prehospital EMS staff in Germany. Keywords: mental health – rescue service – workload – rescue service personnel – paramedics
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Warren-James, Matthew, Julie Hanson, Belinda Flanagan, Mary Katsikitis und Bill Lord. „OP08 Levels and sources of stress reported by first year paramedic students associated with their first ambulance placement“. Emergency Medicine Journal 38, Nr. 9 (19.08.2021): A4.2—A4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/emermed-2021-999.8.
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BackgroundWhilst there is evidence to suggest paramedics experience significant stress when working in the ambulance setting little is known about the experiences of first year paramedic students. This research aimed to: (i) identify whether levels of stress, anxiety and depression experienced by first year paramedic students changed after ambulance placement compared to a control group, and (ii) identify the main perceived and actual sources of stress around ambulance placement.MethodsA before-and-after quasi-experimental design was used to compare whether the experience of ambulance placement altered the levels of stress, anxiety and depression in an experimental group that attended an ambulance placement (n = 20) and the control group who did not (n = 10). Online surveys encompassing the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21) and qualitative questions about sources of stress were concurrently deployed to both the experimental and control groups before and after the ambulance placement. Participants were first year paramedic students working in Queensland Ambulance Service, Australia.ResultsThere was a significant reduction in levels of stress in participants after undertaking their first ambulance placement (Mdn = -4.00) when compared to a control group (Mdn = 0.00), U = 52.5, p = .035, n2 = 0.15. Responses to survey questions suggest anticipation about experiencing death and dying of patients was the most frequently reported stressor of student paramedics before undertaking ambulance placements, however insecurity about knowledge, competence and fear of failure was the most frequently experienced stressor reported after completing ambulance placements.ConclusionsThe findings from this study suggest that the fear of the unknown may be worse than the reality. Anticipatory stress is the foremost problem for first year paramedic students attending their first ambulance placement. Placement pre-briefing should focus on educational interventions to build knowledge and skills competency to reduce stress levels and fear of failure.
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Gurung, Laxmi, Narmada Devkota, Rocky Maharjan, Anju Rayamajhi, Radha Poudel und Suryamani Ghimire. „State of Psychological Well-being and Self-Care Patterns Among Paramedic Trainees During the First Wave of COVID-19“. Medical Journal of Shree Birendra Hospital 21, Nr. 1 (07.07.2022): 137–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/mjsbh.v21i1.37191.
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Introduction: Several studies suggest that health workers and medical students suffer from psychological problems during the pandemic. Paramedic trainees were doing duty at the hospital round the clock as other trainee health care workers during the first wave of COVID-19, but there was no published study regarding mental health issues of paramedic trainees till the date in Nepal. This study aims to assess their well-being to full fill the gap. Methods: This is a descriptive, cross-sectional study design carried out with 280 paramedics. The study period was September - October 2020. Depression, anxiety and stress scale – 21 (DASS 21) and self - care assessment worksheet was used to collect the data after getting permission from the concerned authors. Results: The point prevalence of psychological problems as defined by DASS-21 was 117 (45.3%). Specifically, DASS-21 sub-scales-defined caseness was: Depression 31 (12.0%), anxiety 55 (21.3%) and stress 31 (12.0%), where 218 (80%) of participants were not taking any self-help care-related training to enhance their coping skills to date. Chi-square (χ2) test found that there was a significant association between emotional self-care and severity of depression (P = 0.001), anxiety (P = 0.03) and stress (P = 0.04). Conclusions: A significant number of paramedic trainees suffered from depression, anxiety and stress during the first wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic. Therefore, psychological interventions like stress management, positive coping skills, and self-care training may be beneficial to help them cope with the situation.
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Bounds, Roger. „Factors Affecting Perceived Stress in Pre-hospital Emergency Medical Services“. Californian Journal of Health Promotion 4, Nr. 2 (01.06.2006): 113–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.32398/cjhp.v4i2.1937.
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This study investigated the factors related to the perception of stress in EMT’s and paramedics. 144 EMTs and paramedics from urban “third service” EMS providers in Texas completed a questionnaire that included several demographic questions, Speilberger’s (1995) state-trait personality inventory (STPI), Sarason’s (1983) social support questionnaire, and Schwarzer’s (2000) general perceived self-efficacy scale. Six of the eight SPTI measures served as a measure of perceived stress. They were state and trait anxiety, state and trait anger, and state and trait depression. Education was negatively correlated with state anxiety (r=-0.274, p=0.001), state anger (r=-0.217, p=0.009), state depression (r=-0.231, p=0.006), and trait anxiety (r=-0.2058, p=0.014). Since years of education was related to stress and somewhat related to self-efficacy (r=0.17, p=0.042) a partial correlation procedure (controlled for years of education) was performed for self-efficacy (GPSES) and the stress variables. Self-efficacy was negatively correlated with state anxiety (r=-0.312, p=0.0001), state anger (r=-0.194, p=0.021), state depression (r=-0.339, p=0.0001), trait anxiety (r=-0.436, p=0.0001), and trait depression (r=-0.3762, p=0.0001). An analysis of variance was conducted to compare the means of the perceived stress variables for three job function groups (attendant basic or intermediate, attendant paramedic, and in-charge paramedic). Higher perceived stress was reported by both the attendant basic-intermediates and the in-charge paramedics (p
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Davis, Nia K. „Driving Under the Influence Laws, Party Culture and College Students“. Californian Journal of Health Promotion 4, Nr. 2 (01.06.2006): 132–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.32398/cjhp.v4i2.1938.
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This study investigated the factors related to the perception of stress in EMT’s and paramedics. 144 EMTs and paramedics from urban “third service” EMS providers in Texas completed a questionnaire that included several demographic questions, Speilberger’s (1995) state-trait personality inventory (STPI), Sarason’s (1983) social support questionnaire, and Schwarzer’s (2000) general perceived self-efficacy scale. Six of the eight SPTI measures served as a measure of perceived stress. They were state and trait anxiety, state and trait anger, and state and trait depression. Education was negatively correlated with state anxiety (r=-0.274, p=0.001), state anger (r=-0.217, p=0.009), state depression (r=-0.231, p=0.006), and trait anxiety (r=-0.2058, p=0.014). Since years of education was related to stress and somewhat related to self-efficacy (r=0.17, p=0.042) a partial correlation procedure (controlled for years of education) was performed for self-efficacy (GPSES) and the stress variables. Self-efficacy was negatively correlated with state anxiety (r=-0.312, p=0.0001), state anger (r=-0.194, p=0.021), state depression (r=-0.339, p=0.0001), trait anxiety (r=-0.436, p=0.0001), and trait depression (r=-0.3762, p=0.0001). An analysis of variance was conducted to compare the means of the perceived stress variables for three job function groups (attendant basic or intermediate, attendant paramedic, and in-charge paramedic). Higher perceived stress was reported by both the attendant basic-intermediates and the in-charge paramedics (p
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Evans, M., A. Reynolds, B. Brown, S. Wanstall, M. Crowther, G. Rawson, A. Vakulin et al. „P038 Sleep disorders, perceived control over sleep and depression in paramedic students“. SLEEP Advances 3, Supplement_1 (01.10.2022): A43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleepadvances/zpac029.111.
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Abstract Introduction University students are commonly affected by sleeping difficulties and poor mental health, and ~20% of this demographic live with a clinical sleep disorder. This is particularly concerning for students who will progress into careers which will introduce further sleep disturbance via shift work schedules. The aim of the current study was to explore the relationship between sleep disorders and depression in paramedic students, and determine whether perceived control over sleep moderates the relationship. Methods Data from fifty-three Flinders University Paramedic students was included, consisting of sleep disorder screening (obstructive sleep apnea, insomnia and restless legs syndrome), and mental health (Patient Health Questionnaire-9) questionnaires. PHQ-9 scores ranged from 0 to 27, with higher scores indicating more severe depression. Regression analysis adjusted for age and sex at birth were conducted using SPSS version 27. Results Meeting criteria for a sleep disorder (n=21, 38.2%) was associated with higher depression scores (mean+standard error) in paramedic students (for sleep disorders vs no sleep disorders, 11.4±0.9 v 4.3±0.8, F₁,₅₂=33.5, p <.001). High perceived control over sleep was associated with lower depression scores than low perceived control 5.3±0.9 vs 9.6±1.1, F₁,₅₂=9.0 p = .004) but no moderating effect was observed (p = 0.17). Discussion Sleep disorders and low perceived control over sleep are independently associated with higher depression scores. Investigation and management of factors contributing to low perceived control over sleep, together with early screening and management of sleep disorders are important priorities to support paramedic student sleep and mental health prior to commencing shift work.
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Wild, J., K. V. Smith, E. Thompson, F. Béar, M. J. J. Lommen und A. Ehlers. „A prospective study of pre-trauma risk factors for post-traumatic stress disorder and depression“. Psychological Medicine 46, Nr. 12 (28.06.2016): 2571–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291716000532.
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BackgroundIt is unclear which potentially modifiable risk factors best predict post-trauma psychiatric disorders. We aimed to identify pre-trauma risk factors for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) or major depression (MD) that could be targeted with resilience interventions.MethodNewly recruited paramedics (n = 453) were assessed for history of mental disorders with structured clinical interviews within the first week of their paramedic training and completed self-report measures to assess hypothesized predictors. Participants were assessed every 4 months for 2 years to identify any episodes of PTSD and MD; 386 paramedics (85.2%) participated in the follow-up interviews.ResultsIn all, 32 participants (8.3%) developed an episode of PTSD and 41 (10.6%) an episode of MD during follow-up. In all but nine cases (2.3%), episodes had remitted by the next assessment 4 months later. At 2 years, those with episodes of PTSD or MD during follow-up reported more days off work, poorer sleep, poorer quality of life, greater burn-out; and greater weight-gain for those with PTSD. In line with theories of PTSD and depression, analyses controlling for psychiatric and trauma history identified several pre-trauma predictors (cognitive styles, coping styles and psychological traits). Logistic regressions showed that rumination about memories of stressful events at the start of training uniquely predicted an episode of PTSD. Perceived resilience uniquely predicted an episode of MD.ConclusionsParticipants at risk of developing episodes of PTSD or depression could be identified within the first week of paramedic training. Cognitive predictors of episodes of PTSD and MD are promising targets for resilience interventions.
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Sega, Petrus Agustinus Seda, Anak Ayu Sri Wahyuni, Ni Ketut Sri Diniari und I. Wayan Gede Artawan Eka Putra. „relationship between saliva 17 beta-estradiol levels with anxiety and depression in menopause paramedic at Prof I.G.N.G Ngoerah Hospital Denpasar“. International journal of health & medical sciences 6, Nr. 3 (10.07.2023): 130–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.21744/ijhms.v6n3.2159.
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Background: Hospital Services rely on Medical and Paramedics at the Hospital, Hospital Paramedic services, especially women, are greatly influenced by mood, in women it is especially influenced by hormonal balance, including menstruation and menopause. The drop in estrogen levels after menopause causes many physical and emotional changes. Estradiol is the largest estrogen. It is estimated that the number of women who have menopause will experience a very significant increase of estradiol. Methods: An analytic observational study with a cross-sectional study design on 85 menopausal paramedics at Prof I.G.N.G Ngoerah Hospital Denpasar using a Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) questionnaire and examined salivary levels of 17? estradiol and looked for its relationship with anxiety and depression. Results: Based on the low salivary 17? estradiol level of the sample aged above 50 years (76.5%). Outpatient (75%), underweight (100%), married status (74.4%), and sample >5 years (76.5%). It is also a significant result where the salivary 17? estradiol level is lower in the sample compared to anxiety and depression complaints, with the chi-square test (p-value = <0.001). Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between low salivary 17? estradiol levels and complaints of anxiety and depression in menopausal paramedics.
Dissertationen zum Thema "Paramedic Depression"
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Bentley, Melissa Ann. „An Assessment of Depression, Anxiety, and Stress among Nationally Certified EMS Professionals“. The Ohio State University, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1306521665.
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Rankin, Timothy. „Factors associated with anxiety, depression, burnout, and PTSD in Australian paramedics“. Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2019. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/2249.
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Background
Paramedics are at higher risk of anxiety, depression, burnout, and PTSD compared to the general population. Factors that have been associated with mental disorders include occupational stress, fatigue, sleep quality, chronic pain, physical activity, perceived social support, and overall quality of life. To date only a few of these factors have been investigated simultaneously in Australian paramedics.
Aim
This study aimed to investigate occupational stress, fatigue, sleep quality, chronic pain, physical activity, perceived social support, and overall quality of life, and their associations with anxiety, depression, burnout and PTSD in Australian paramedics.
Methods
Sixty-three paramedics, working for ambulance services in Australia, participated in this cross-sectional, self-reported study. Participants completed a questionnaire booklet composed of a demographics questionnaire, the Beck Anxiety Inventory, the Beck Depression Inventory-II, the Maslach Burnout Inventory - Human Services Survey, The Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist - Civilian Version, the Emergency Medical Services Chronic Stress Questionnaire, the Chalder Fatigue Scale, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, the Orebro Musculoskeletal Pain Questionnaire, the Compendium of Physical Activities, the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, and the Quality of Life Index.
Results
The prevalence of anxiety, depression, burnout and PTSD was higher in this study than what is reported in the general population of Australia. Moreover, the majority of these paramedics had one or more co-occurring mental disorders. Paramedics who reported higher levels of anxiety, depression and PTSD also reported increased occupational stress, greater levels of fatigue, poorer sleep quality, lower perceptions of social support, and significantly lower quality of life. Paramedics with burnout had significantly higher occupational stress and fatigue, and a lower quality of life when compared with paramedics without burnout. In addition, chronic pain was associated with increased levels of anxiety and depression.
Conclusions
Future research should be targeting interventions aimed at improving organisational and operational stress, fatigue, sleep quality, chronic pain and social support to improve anxiety, depression, burnout, and PTSD in Australian paramedics.
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Turner, Robin Maree. „Independent component analysis of personality and symptoms of depression and statistical parametric mapping of personality and brain function“. Thesis, University of Canterbury. Mathematics and Statistics, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/3463.
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How does personality affect mental illness? Investigations into the Cloninger personality model as a predictor and factor in mental illness have found that significant relationships exist. The relationship between personality and symptoms of depression in a sample of depressed patients before and after treatment is investigated. Utilising the modern brain imaging technique of SPECT the relationship between brain function and personality types in normal males is studied. Independent component analysis and confirmatory factor analysis are used to investigate new component variables that reduce the data dimensionality and describe response to depression treatment. Two symptom components are found that significantly predict depression outcome. Significant linear and non-linear relationships are found between personality and depression symptoms both before and after treatment using general additive models. As part of the study, gender differences in personality and symptoms of depression are investigated, using multigroup analysis, leading to a combined symptom structure before treatment. Personality is found to significantly correlate with specific brain regions. In particular the personality trait cooperativeness has significant relationships with brain function in a large number of regions. These results support previous work showing a biological basis for the Cloninger personality model. Overall the character personality traits appear important in both the relationship with depression symptoms and in the relationship with brain function in normal males. This study has relevance to future randomised clinical trials to assess optimal treatment for depression.
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Jenkins, Gwenllian. „Investigation of schema modes in the eating disordered population“. Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/4038.
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Many eating disordered patients fail to respond to traditional cognitive behaviour therapy. As a result it has been suggested that further research needs to be completed to determine the cognitive processes and mechanisms that underpin these disorders. This research aims to empirically test Young’s Schema Mode concept (Young et al., 2003) within the eating disordered population and determine the relationship between schema modes and early maladaptive schemata, experience of invalidation of emotion during childhood and symptoms of anxiety and depression. In total 15 patients from an outpatient eating disorders service and 28 non patient controls completed the Schema Mode Inventory, The Young Schema Questionnaire, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, The Invalidating Childhood Environment Scale, and measures of eating disordered pathology. Non parametric analyses were completed to determine the differences between the two groups. The relationship between all measures was determined using correlation analyses. The eating disordered group were significantly more dysfunctional than the control group across all schema modes and early maladaptive schemata. Both groups did not display uniformity in their dysfunctional schema modes. The eating disordered group had raised scores in the detached self soother, the compliant surrender and the vulnerable child mode, whereas the control group had lower scores in the detached protector and the vulnerable child modes. The measure if eating pathology was not associated with the total score on any questionnaire measure. This research indicates that the schema mode concept may be a useful addition to the schema model of eating disorders.
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Dawson, David. „Experiential and Organisational Factors Predicting the Mental Health of Emergency Paramedics: Beyond the Trauma“. Thesis, 2021. https://vuir.vu.edu.au/42952/.
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This research aimed to investigate the prevalence and distribution of mental health conditions across the paramedic workforce, to compare levels with the general population and to assess the association of stressors with scores on measures of mental health.
A survey was constructed to assess general psychological health, depression, anxiety, stress, suicidality, posttraumatic stress disorder, sleep health and the frequency and severity of stressor variables. Impact scores for stressor variables were generated by multiplying frequency and severity scores. Participant and workplace sociodemographic variables were measured. The survey was distributed within Ambulance Victoria in September 2010. Only data from 879 participants that transported emergency patients was analysed.
The ANOVA procedure and chi-square tests were employed to compare means and prevalences of psychological health scores within the paramedic sample according to sociodemographic variables. Independent-sample t-tests and chi-square tests for independence were used to examine means and prevalence rates by comparing this paramedic sample with general population statistics and other paramedic populations. Logistic and multiple regression analyses were conducted to investigate associations between stressor impact scores and mental health conditions.
Key findings were the higher levels of suicidal thinking and planning, PTSD, substandard sleep health and poor general psychological health compared to the general population. The level of PTSD was comparable to other paramedic populations while suicidality was higher: there were mixed findings on the other measures. Regression analyses found that stressors related to the organisation, the broader work context and shift work were significantly associated with measures of mental health while, with the exception of anxiety, emergency work was not. There were no meaningful differences in levels of mental health conditions within groups across the paramedic workforce except that PTSD caseness was higher outside the major cities and, higher levels of suicidality were reported in three ambulance service regions.
The higher levels of suicidality in this paramedic sample is a new finding although further research is needed to determine its nature and sources. Many stressors associated with mental health are not emergency work related but are instead associated with the organization and aspects of the broader working environment, suggesting that some stressors may be amenable to being managed. The lack of meaningful differences within this paramedic sample indicates that targeting mental health interventions is not practical, and should instead be directed across the entire workforce.
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Ziba-Tanguay, Kali. „Developmental trajectories of marijuana use and psychological distress : exploring the co-occurrence of these phenomena in early adolescence“. Thèse, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/9235.
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Le début de l’adolescence est une période de changements rapides où la détresse psychologique et l’expérimentation de la marijuana sont choses fréquentes. Certaines études longitudinales ont démontré que ces deux phénomènes ont tendance à se manifester conjointement tandis que d’autres n’ont pu observer de tel lien. Ces résultats divergents suggèrent que plusieurs questions persistent concernant la nature de cette relation. Cette thèse a pour objectif d’explorer la consommation de marijuana et la détresse psychologique en début d’adolescence afin de mieux saisir les changements à travers le temps, ainsi que d’examiner si ces deux problématiques évoluent conjointement et s’influencent réciproquement. Un échantillon de 448 adolescents garçons et filles fréquentant deux écoles secondaires de Montréal, ont été suivi de secondaire I à secondaire III. De 1999 à 2001, les participants ont complété un questionnaire à chaque année de l’étude incluant des mesures portant sur la consommation de marijuana et la détresse psychologique (IDPESQ-14).
Un modèle de mixture semi-paramétrique (Nagin, 2005) a été utilisé afin d’identifier les trajectoires développementales de la consommation de marijuana et de détresse psychologique. Des analyses ont également été effectuées afin d’établir les liens d’appartenance entre chacune des trajectoires de consommation identifiées et la détresse psychologique lors de la première année de l`étude, ainsi qu’entre chacune des trajectoires de détresse psychologique et la consommation de marijuana en première année du secondaire. Finalement, des analyses de trajectoires jointes ont été effectuées afin de déterminer l’interrelation entre la consommation de marijuana et la détresse psychologique.
Les résultats de notre étude suggèrent qu’il existe une grande hétérogénéité au niveau de la consommation de marijuana et la détresse psychologique. Trois trajectoires développementales ont été identifiées pour la consommation de marijuana: consommation légère, consommation grandissante et consommation élevée et stable. Trois trajectoires ont également été observées pour la détresse psychologique : basse, moyenne et élevée. Nos résultats démontrent la présence d’un lien entre la détresse psychologique rapportée lors de la première année de l’étude et les trajectoires de consommation problématiques. Ce lien a également été observé entre la consommation de marijuana rapportée lors de première année de l’étude et les trajectoires problématiques de détresse psychologique.
Les analyses de trajectoires jointes démontrent la présence d’une concordance entre la consommation de marijuana et la détresse psychologique. Cette interrelation est toutefois complexe puisque les trajectoires de détresse psychologique élevée sont associées à un niveau de consommation de marijuana plus problématique mais l’inverse de cette association est moins probable. Notre étude met en lumière la nature asymétrique de la concordance entre la consommation de marijuana et la détresse psychologique.Early adolescence is period of rapid changes where psychological distress and marijuana use experimentation are common occurrences. Longitudinal studies examining the association between these two phenomena have provided mixed results and many questions prevail regarding the nature of this association. The purpose of this study is to examine the patterns of co-occurrence between marijuana use and psychological distress in early adolescence. A sample of 448 adolescent boys and girls attending two high schools in Montreal, Canada was followed from Grade 7 to 9. From 1999 to 2001, the participants completed an annual survey which included measures of marijuana use and psychological distress (IDPESQ-14). Using a semi-parametric group based modeling strategy, the study has for objectives to establish the developmental trajectories of marijuana use and psychological distress in early adolescence, to explore how marijuana use or psychological distress measured at baseline is associated with various developmental trajectories and to examine the interrelationship of these two phenomena as they concurrently develop over the span of our study. Our results provide evidence that marijuana use and psychological distress are phenomena with great heterogeneity as they develop over time. We identified 3 trajectories of marijuana use: Light Users, Increasers and High Chronics and 3 trajectories of psychological distress: Low, Medium and High. Our findings also demonstrate that adolescents who reported psychological distress at baseline were more likely to follow problematic trajectories of marijuana use when compared to light users and the reverse of the association was also true since adolescent who reported marijuana use at baseline were more likely to follow an elevated trajectory of psychological distress. Our joint trajectory analysis demonstrated that the developmental patterns of co-occurrence of marijuana use and psychological distress are complex. Our study provides evidence that adolescents following a trajectory of elevated psychological distress are at increased risk of also following a trajectory of elevated marijuana use but adolescents following a problematic trajectory of marijuana use are not necessarily at greater risk of following an elevated trajectory of psychological distress. Our study highlights the presence of an asymmetrical relationship between marijuana use and psychological distress in early adolescence.
Buchteile zum Thema "Paramedic Depression"
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Sharif, Salman, und Faridah Amin. „COVID-19 Pandemic; Anxiety and Depression among frontline healthcare workers: Rising from the Ashes“. In Anxiety, Uncertainty, and Resilience During the Pandemic Period - Anthropological and Psychological Perspectives [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.98274.
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This chapter gives an insight into the psychological journey of the essential healthcare workers (HCWs) during the COVID-19 pandemic. The catastrophe which started off with uncertainty, provoked fear-related behaviors among the frontline doctors, nurses and paramedical staff. With meager resources and lack of a disaster plan, fire-fighting was a reflex response of healthcare institutions. Though the whole world seemed to be unprepared for the calamity, developing countries with fragile healthcare systems were more vulnerable to collapse. The negative aura was complicated by mistrust among the general population, regarding healthcare workers, institutions and government. Furthermore, with economic downfall; balancing work and protecting the family was a challenge for HCWs, especially during the pandemic peak. The psychological distress translated to rising incidence of depression and anxiety among them. As institutions gained insight into psychosocial issues of HCWs; support and therapies were offered to them. Positive messages labelling HCWs as “Heroes of the Pandemic” were circulated and structured programs developed to address their needs. With the advent of COVID-19 vaccine, a ray of hope emerged, although there are still apprehensions about its efficacy and side-effects. The whole world now eagerly awaits the calamity to perish while normality can rise from ashes.
Konferenzberichte zum Thema "Paramedic Depression"
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Genocchi, Barbara, Andre Cunha, Soumil Jain, Jari Hyttinen, Kerstin Lenk und Ada Johanne Ellingsrud. „Parametric exploration of cellular swelling in a computational model of cortical spreading depression“. In 2020 42nd Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC) in conjunction with the 43rd Annual Conference of the Canadian Medical and Biological Engineering Society. IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/embc44109.2020.9175306.
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Rufino, Adonai Alencar, Beatriz Girão Portela, Alan Alves de Lima Cidrão, Deborah Moreira Rangel und Vitor Araújo Marinho. „Unraveling the mysteries of the midbrain – A case report“. In XIII Congresso Paulista de Neurologia. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/1516-3180.623.
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Context: The rostral midbrain and thalamomesencephalic junction are the supranuclear premotor control of vertical eye movements, and is supplied by the posterior thalamo-subthalamic paramedian artery originated from P1 segment of posterior cerebral artery. Case report: A 51-year-old man presented with sudden speech difficulties, dizziness and dyplopia, associated with moderate intensity headache. Neuroophthalmological examination revealed incomplete ptosis of the right eye, with mydriatic pupil, poorly reactive to light. No eye movements were present on attempted upward gaze. On attempted downward gaze, depression of the left eye was observed but with absent saccades. Lateral gaze to the right was intact, while attempted gaze deviation to the left revealed adduction deficit of the right eye with incomplete abduction of the left eye without nystagmus. Convergence was absent. He exhibited left hemiataxia with left hypoestesia. MRI showed acute right paramedian thalamic and mesencephalic stroke. Conclusions: About the vertical one and a half syndrome, it was suggested damage in the pathway to contralateral downgaze neurons before its decussation with the unilateral interstitial nucleus of Cajal. As for the contralateral lateral rectus palsy we infer that this patient’s abduction deficit was due to pseudo-abducens palsy, with several mechanisms that could explain abduction deficits associated with upgaze palsy. Claude’s syndrome is usually explained by a lesion of oculomotor nerve fascicle and the superior cerebellar peduncle, affecting cerebellothalamic connections.
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Hoke, John L., John G. Georgiadis und Rafael Jimenez-Flores. „Freezing of Aqueous Solutions of Glycosylated Bovine Beta-Casein“. In ASME 1998 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece1998-0813.
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Abstract Genetic engineering of milk proteins allows control of their physicochemical properties in foods and dairy products during processing, storage, and consumption. Robust methods for the estimation of the quality and function of the proteins during downstream processing are sought. The focus of this study is a systematic microscopic investigation of the freezing of sub-microliter pendent droplets of buffer solution of glycosylated bovine beta-casein. The freezing and crystallization is observed with a scanning confocal microscope fitted with a stage cooled with vapor boiled off a liquid nitrogen dewar. Four liquid samples (with glycosylated bovine beta-casein concentrations of 35, 125, 500, and 1000 μg/ml) are compared against the control (10 mg/ml of wild type non-glycosylated bovine beta-casein). The freezing of similar size samples consisting of de-ionized water, ice-nucleating mixture (Pseudomonas syringae), and pure buffer solution is also examined for comparison. Higher concentrations of the engineered-beta casein result in increasing antifreeze action, corresponding to depression of the freezing point, and thermal stabilization of the supercooled liquid. This conclusion is supported by a non-parametric statistical analysis based on the Jonckheere test. A freezing point assay can thus be made to assess the quality of glyco-bovine beta-casein.
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Ali, Syed Ashraf, und Sandip Mazumder. „Computational Modeling of Transverse Peltier Coolers“. In ASME 2013 Heat Transfer Summer Conference collocated with the ASME 2013 7th International Conference on Energy Sustainability and the ASME 2013 11th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ht2013-17003.
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Transverse thermoelectric effect can be produced artificially by stacking at an angle layers of a thermoelectric material with another material that may or may not be a thermoelectric material. In this exploratory computational study, a new metamaterial, comprised of tilted alternating layers of an n-type thermoelectric alloy and a metal, is investigated to gain an understanding of how much cooling can be produced by transverse thermoelectric effect and the conditions under which maximum cooling is attainable. The governing conservation equations of energy and electric current, with the inclusion of thermoelectric effects, are solved on an unstructured mesh using the finite-volume method to simulate a transverse Peltier cooler under various operating conditions. First, the code is validated against experimental data for a n-Bi2Te3-Pb metamaterial, and subsequently explored. It is found that intermediate applied currents produce maximum temperature depression (ΔT). Optimum values of the geometric design parameters such as tilt angle and device aspect ratio are also established through parametric studies. Finally, it is shown that the ΔT can be amplified by constricting the phonon (heat) transport cross-section while keeping the electron (current) transport cross-section unchanged — a strategy that cannot be employed in conventional thermoelectric devices where electrons and phonons follow the same path. This makes transverse Peltier coolers particularly attractive for generating large ΔT without multi-stage cascading.
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Shen, Tsu-Wang, Fang-Chih Liu und William Shao-Tsu Chen. „Developing non-parametric density estimation on genetic evolution computing as a cloud based sensor fusion method: Taking psychiatric major depressive disorder detection as an application example“. In 2013 Seventh International Conference on Sensing Technology (ICST). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icsenst.2013.6727616.
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