Dissertationen zum Thema „Pancréas – Tumeurs – Thérapeutique“
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Moutardier, Vincent. „Adénocarcinomes de la tête pancréatique résécables : que peut-on attendre de l'association radiochimiothérapie néoadjuvante et chirurgie ?“ Aix-Marseille 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003AIX20693.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleGiannone, Codiglione Fabio. „Multidisciplinary perioperative strategies for improving short and long-term outcomes in hepato-biliary and pancreatic cancers“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Strasbourg, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024STRAJ004.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis thesis is a comprehensive exploration of the multidisciplinary management of hepatobiliarypancreatic tumors (HBP), and how this approach can improve oncological outcomes for the patient.This work is developed in three chapters, each covering a specific domain of this discipline. Each chapter also reveals significant collaboration between surgeons, oncologists, researchers, and various medical personalities, paving the way for the advancement of HBP tumor management. The refined treatment strategies and personalized medicine approaches described in this thesis are not theoretical constructs but tools ready to be integrated into patient care. The spirit of collaboration sustained throughout this work resonates in the improvement of care for patients with HBP tumors, ensuring that research advancements translate into tangible clinical improvements
Lherisson, Christine. „Analyse des formes moléculaires de somatostatine sécrétées par une lignée de cellules tumorales endocrines de pancréas de rat (RIN T3) : immunodétection et purification d'un précurseur“. Toulouse 3, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990TOU30036.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleCrescence, Lydie. „Propriétés thérapeutiques de l'anticorps monoclonal 16D10 sur les cellules tumorales pancréatiques humaines“. Aix-Marseille 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009AIX20695.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDe, Vries Luc. „Etude de la régulation de l'ornithine décarboxylase par des peptides gastro-intestinaux et des facteurs de croissance dans les cellules pancréatiques AR4-2J“. Toulouse 3, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990TOU30020.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDelvaulx, Michel. „Antiport Na+/H+ des cellules acineuses pancréatiques : régulation par les peptides neuro-digestifs et rôle dans la prolifération cellulaire“. Toulouse 3, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990TOU30009.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleTahiri-Jouti, Nadia. „Contribution à l'étude du mécanisme antiprolifératif de la somatostatine sur la lignée cellulaire pancréatique tumorale AR4-2J : mise en évidence d'une activite phosphotyrosine protéine phosphatase“. Toulouse 3, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990TOU30045.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleRestany, Alain. „Les tumeurs endocrines du pancréas à sécrétions multiples : considérations pathogéniques et thérapeutiques“. Montpellier 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988MON11263.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleGilabert, Marine. „Recherche de biomarqueurs pronostiques et prédictifs de la réponse thérapeutique des tumeurs pancréatiques : "le projet pacaomics"“. Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM5012/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleWe developed an efficient strategy in which PDAC samples from 17 consecutive patients were collected by Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Fine-Needle Aspiration (EUS-FNA) or surgery and preserved, by an original approach, as breathing tumors by xenografting and as a primary culture of epithelial cells. Transcriptomic analysis was performed from breathing tumors by an Affymetrix approach. We observed a significant heterogeneity in the RNA expression profile of tumors. However, the bioinformatic analysis of this data was able to discriminate between patients with long- and short-term survival corresponding to patients carrying poorly-differentiated PDAC tumors respectively. We identified 942 genes with statically different expression. Among these genes, 439 were under-expressed and 505 genes over-expressed (fold change ≥2) in short survivors. Primary culture of cells allowed us to analyze their relative sensitivity to anticancer drugs in vitro by a "Chemogram", by similarity with the antibiogram for microorganisms, establishing an individual profile of drug sensitivity. As expected, the response was patient-dependent. Interestingly, we also found that the transcriptome analysis predict the sensitivity of cells to the five anticancer drugs the most frequently used to treating patients with PDAC. In conclusion, using this approach, we found that the transcriptomic analysis could predict the sensitivity to anticancer drugs and the clinical outcome of patients with PDAC
Azar, Rania. „Rôle suppresseur de tumeur 4E-BP1 dans l'adénocarcinome pancréatique“. Toulouse 3, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008TOU30154.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleInduction of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E) is frequently observed in cancers and enhanced eIF4E activity drives cellular transformation and tumorigenesis in experimental models. One mechanism that exacerbates eIF4E function in cancers is the inactivation of the translation inhibitory protein 4E-BP1. First, we show that 4E-BP1 protein is overexpressed in precancerous pancreatic dysplasias, but becomes nearly undetectable in more aggressive lesions such as the tumor suppressor Smad4, a transcription factor critical for TGFß-signaling. TGFß enhances 4E-BP1 transcription via Smad4 binding to a conserved element in 4E-BP1 exon1 sequence. Silencing 4E-BP1 protein stimulates pancreatic cancer cell proliferation, accelerates tumor formation, and precludes the anti-proliferative effect of TGFß. Thus, 4E-BP1 gene appears critical for TGFß/Smad4-signaling pathway in pancreatic cancer. Furthermore, we show that inactivation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) consequent to stable expression of the antiproliferative somatostatin receptor 2 (sst2) in pancreatic cancer cells leads to transcriptional accumulation of the hypophosphorylated forms of 4E-BP1 protein. In cancer cells, while 4E-BP1 gene promoter is maintained repressed in a PI3K-dependent mechanism, sst2-dependent inactivation of the PI3K/Akt pathway releases 4E-BP1 gene transcription. The use of a pharmacological inhibitor and dominant negative or positive mutants of PI3K all affect 4EBP1 protein expression and promoter activity in different cell lines. Thus, in addition to inactivation of 4E-BP1 via hyperphosphorylation, signaling through the PI3K pathway silences 4E-BP1 gene transcription
Leconet, Wilhem. „Signalisation et ciblage thérapeutique du récepteur tyrosine kinase AXL dans les cancers“. Thesis, Montpellier 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014MON13506.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe Tyrosine Kinase Receptor (TKR) AXL is implicated in various cellular mechanisms (migration, invasion, angiogenesis and cell proliferation). Its overexpression has been observed in many cancers and is often correlated with poor prognosis. Moreover, this receptor seems to be important in Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition (EMT), a mechanism related to metastasis formation and resistance to anticancer therapies.We have generated several AXL specific murine monoclonal antibodies. Two of them, 20G7D9 and 3E3E8, have been selected for their inhibition properties in AXL expression and activation by its ligand GAS6. In fact, both antibodies induce internalization and lysosomal degradation of AXL.Then we decided to study AXL expression and role in pancreatic cancer, which is characterized by a dramatic overall survival (<5%, 5 years after diagnosis) and a lack of efficient therapeutic solutions. We observed an ectopic expression of AXL in a majority of patient' pancreatic tumors (76%), notably in the invasive front of the tumor. Targeting AXL with both 20G7D9 and 3E3E8 inhibits its signaling and decreases tumor growth in vitro and in vivo.As AXL is mainly expressed in the invasive front of tumors, we analyzed its role during EMT. We observed that AXL/GAS6 signaling induces EMT in triple negative breast cancer cell lines. Furthermore, its expression is correlated with well-defined EMT markers in basal-like breast cancer tumors. In vitro and in vivo application of our antibodies inhibits AXL-dependant EMT signaling and cellular migration and invasion.In conclusion, this thesis demonstrates the importance of AXL Tyrosine Kinase Receptor in oncogenic processes and the efficacy of targeting this receptor with monoclonal antibodies in cancer preclinical models
Vernejoul, Fabienne. „Transfert de gènes thérapeutiques appliqué au cancer du pancréas“. Toulouse 3, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003TOU30122.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAdenocarcinoma of the pancreas is the fifth cause of death attributable to cancer. It continues to be devasting as it is often unresectable at the time of the diagnosis and actual treatments are ineffective. Consequently, prognosis is extremely poor. Clearly, a more effective treatment is urgently needed and gene therapy appears as a new therapeutic strategy for pancreatic carcinoma in humans. Two original gene therapy approaches have so been proposed, based on the in vivo transfer of pancreatic cancer specific genes in the transplantable model of pancreatic carcinoma established in hamsters. The first one is performed in order to express the sst2 gene encoding for the somatostatin G-coupled protein receptor subtype 2, which expression is selectively lost in most of pancreatic cancers and which displays antioncogenic properties in tumor cells. The second one is based on the transfer of new suicide genes, engineered by Cayla Company, which display sensitizing action to chemotherapy
Duconseil, Pauline. „Le décryptage omique de l'hétérogénéité de l'adénocarcinome pancréatique : de la paillasse au lit du patient“. Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0108/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleHeterogeneity of Pancreatic Ductal AdenoCarcinoma (PDAC) has become the majorimpediment to the effective treatment of patients. Clinical outcome and sensitivity to treatments are associated with a given phenotype and associated at a transcriptomic level. Recent data indicate that studying the expressionof a selected gene set could inform selection of the most appropriate treatments.We areoptimizing this approach by analysing transcriptome of Patient-Derived Xenografts (PDX)from surgical as well as endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration (EUS-FNA)biopsies of tumors, as a source of RNA. We have found a molecularsignature capable of dividing patients into two groups, function of theirsurvival.Independently, we have shown that treatment response pattern can also be foundat a transcriptomic level. We thenanalysed tumors and their stromas, and have found two sub-types of stromas and two sub-types of tumors. These wereindinstinctly defined by RNAseq-based transcriptomics, or DNA methylation. We also studied response to treatments administered alone or incombination to routine chemotherapies. All these results are encouraging, but not yetapplicable in clinical pratice. We are now developing the PDAC Biopsy DerivedPancreatic Cancer Organoids (BDPCO): BDPCO culture represents an excellent source of “exvivo” material. Unlike PDX, which take many months to grow, BDPCO allow us to obtainexploitable material rapidly useful for clinical application. We are convinced that in the near future, the treatment ofpancreatic cancers will be preceded by an extensive molecular characterization of cancercells in order to select the most appropriate treatments
Ogier, Charline. „Nouvelle perspective thérapeutique pour le cancer du pancréas : ciblage des ligands des récepteurs de la famille HER exprimés par la tumeur et son microenvironnement“. Thesis, Montpellier, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017MONTT040.
Der volle Inhalt der QuellePancreatic cancer is an extremely aggressive cancer with a 5-year survival rate of no more than 5%. Late detection, lack of biomarker and effective therapy are the main causes. This cancer is characterized by a very dense microenvironment composed of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs). This stroma is in constant communication with the tumor via the production of growth factors and metabolites, which promotes tumor development. Our project consists in disrupting this crosstalk with monoclonal antibodies targeting Neuregulin 1 (NRG1), ligand of the HER3 receptor. Its overexpression has been shown in pancreatic tumor cells and CAFs. We confirmed the involvement of NRG1 in the pancreatic tumors growth and then we generated a monoclonal antibody (7E3 mAb) specific for this ligand. This antibody has been characterized in terms of its specificity, its affinity and its epitope on NRG1. We then studied its therapeutic effect in different models of pancreatic cells alone or in co-culture with CAFs coming from human samples. The anti NRG1 antibody inhibits HER3 signaling as well as cell growth in 2D and 3D culture. In addition, its efficacy on tumor growth was shown in orthoptic xenograft models of tumor cells mixed with CAFs.In order to study more specifically the antibody effect on tumor microenvironment as well as its toxicity, a second mAb targeting murine and human NRG1 was produced by phage display. Its in vitro and in vivo characterization is ongoing. Combinations of 7E3 with chemotherapy (gemciatbine or Folfirinox) or other targeted therapies are being considered.This thesis proposes a new therapeutic solution for patients with pancreatic cancer. We demonstrated the importance of disrupting the crosstalk between tumor cells and CAF by validating the efficacy of targeting NRG1 by monoclonal antibody
Acier, Angelina. „Utilisation d’agents d’imagerie et de chimiothérapie conjugués à des peptides ciblant le récepteur aux LDL à des fins diagnostiques et thérapeutiques de l’adénocarcinome canalaire pancréatique“. Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020AIXM0030.
Der volle Inhalt der QuellePancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the five deadliest cancers, with a 5-year survival rate of 8.2% and a median survival of 6 months. Due to lack of early symptoms and effective treatments, 85% of the patients have an advanced disease at the time of diagnosis. In our previous work, aiming to decipher the metabolic reprogramming of PDAC, we showed its high dependence on cholesterol which it satisfies by increasing the low-density lipoprotein (LDL) internalization, through over-represented LDL receptors (LDLR) on pancreatic tumor cell surface. Therefore, LDLR could be a promising route for tumor-targeted delivery of cytotoxic and/or imaging agents. In this study, we generated Ldlr+/+ and Ldlr-/- pancreatic tumor cells derived from spontaneous PDAC mice model (KIC mice: LSL-KRasG12D ; Ink4a/Arffl/fl ; Pdx1-Cre) and used fluorescent labelled-vector cargo conjugate targeting LDLR extracellular domain (Fc(A680)-VH4127). In vitro, we showed that the conjugate specifically targets LDLR and is internalized and addressed to lysosomes, as the LDLR natural ligand. Then, we demonstrated that this conjugate specifically targets subcutaneous Ldlr+/+ pancreatic tumors and not healthy tissues (pancreas, liver, adrenal glands). Finally, similar results were obtained in KIC mice, faithfully presenting human PDAC features, injected with Fc(A680)-VH4127 conjugate. Hence, using this LDLR-targeting conjugate in clinic could improve 1/ PDAC diagnosis (resection margins, tumor volume) and thus increase the number of patients that could benefit from curative surgery and 2/ therapeutic response monitoring and recurrence detection in operated PDAC patients
Quilbe, Alexandre. „Évaluation in vitro et in vivo de deux nouvelles stratégies thérapeutiques ciblées dans l'adénocarcinome pancréatique : une immunothérapie ciblant l’Immune Checkpoint Galectine-9 et une thérapie photodynamique ciblant le récepteur folate“. Thesis, Lille, 2020. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/RESTREINT/EDBSL/2020/2020LILUS034.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleRecently, other and our team have demonstrated that a high regulatory T lymphocytes (Treg) prevalence promotes tumor progression by inhibiting anti-tumor immune response. This was further substantiated by other studies on various cancer models. Using this knowledge, our laboratory has developed a new immunotherapy strategy targeting immunosuppressive activity of human natural Treg (CD4+ CD25high FoxP3+ CD127-/Low). This strategy targets Galectin-9 (Gal-9) produced and secreted by Treg cells using an anti Gal-9 monoclonal antibody (Patent WO2015185875). Thus, for the first time, we demonstrated that an anti-Gal-9 immunotherapy can significantly limit tumor growth in a humanized mouse model of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. In parallel, it have been shown a high Gal-9 expression in a mouse model of pancreatic cancer (PDAC), and a high prevalence of circulating and infiltrating Treg in PDAC patients. Thus, PDAC appears to be a privileged target for our anti-Gal-9 immunotherapy. In this context, our main objective was to evaluate the in vitro and in vivo efficacy of our anti-Gal-9 immunotherapy in PDAC. In close collaboration, with Dr. Isabelle Vanseuningen (JPARC, Lille), we were first able to evaluate the expression of Gal-9 and the prevalence of Treg from the earliest stages of pancreatic carcinogenesis in a transgenic mouse model. We have also evaluated the efficiency of anti-Gal9 treatment on tumor pancreatic progression. Our data demonstrated that the neutralization of Gal-9 was successful in limiting Treg infiltration along with neoplastic lesion progression. In a second time, in order to anticipate the use of this immunotherapy in humans, we also validated Gal-9 expression (RT-qPCR, Immunofluorescence, Western blot and cytometry) in 4 different human pancreatic cancer lines (Capan-1, Capan-2, MIAPaCa-2, PANC-1). Interestingly, we showed that these lines secrets Gal-9 in particular via exosomes (ELISA, Western-Blot). Finally, in vivo results suggested that our anti-Gal-9 antibody limits not only exosomes immunosuppressive impact, but also the tumor growth in a humanized mouse model of PDAC.Furthermore, we have initiated a novel study to evaluate a new therapeutic strategy for PDAC: The Photodynamic Therapy (PDT). PDT is based on the use of a non-toxic photosensitizer (PS) and a light excitation. Upon accumulation in the neoplasm and subsequent photo-excitation, the PS generates reactive oxygen species to elicit tumoral cytotoxicity. In the recent years, PDT has already proved its worth in the field of oncology. There is indeed a rationale to think that PDT could impact the immune response, in favor of immunoactivation against the tumor. In the laboratory, we have a new folate-coupled PS (PS2), protected by a recently published patent (WO2019 016397-A1, January 24, 2019), which binds with folate receptor 1 (FOLR1). FOLR1 is expressed in 100% of ADKPs, and even over-expressed in 30%. In this context, the objective was to evaluate the efficacy of PDT on 4 human PDAC lines: Capan-1, Capan-2, MiaPaca-2 and Panc-1. We validated the genomic and proteomic expression of FOLR1 on the 4 PDAC cell lines. Subsequently, we confirmed the efficacy of PS2 mediated PDT our 4 tumor cell lines. Our results also demonstrated that PDT affects the cytokine secretion of cancer cell lines and the conditioned media of these PS2-PDT-treated cells had a proliferative effect on the human immune system. Finally, we showed that PS2-PDT limits the tumor growth of our immunocompromised humanized mice (SCID) model with subcutaneously transplanted MIAPaCa-2 cells.In conclusion, our investigations suggest not only that PS2-PDT is an effective targeted therapy in the treatment of ADKP but also that it activates the immune system and plays the role of a real adjuvant anti-cancer vaccination
Dumartin, Laurent. „Identification de cibles diagnostiques et thérapeutiques potentielles pour l’adénocarcinome canalaire pancréatique dans un nouveau modèle chez l’embryon de poulet“. Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008BOR13739.
Der volle Inhalt der QuellePancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (PDAC), the major form of pancreatic cancer, is one of the deadliest cancers because of its propensity for local invasion and vascular dissemination and the lack of early diagnostic strategy. We have developed a new in vivo invasion model, on the chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane, allowing the analyze of mechanisms governing interactions between pancreatic tumor cells and their host microenvironment. We showed in its model that the genes encoding netrin-1 and CXCL4L1/PF4v1 secreted proteins are up-regulated in tumor cells in the course of the invasion process and we confirmed these up-regulation was also observed in human patients. Our functional studies indicated that netrin-1 and CXCL4L1 may play regulator roles in tumor progression according to the following model: a) CXCL4L1 chimiokine may have an angiostatic activity on endothelial cells by a paracrine mechanism of action whereas b) netrin-1 may have a pro-tumoral activity by acting on both endothelial and tumor cells. These results allowed in one hand to validate our model by showing that selected up-regulated genes may be involved in PDAC progression in human patients. On the other hand, our work provided evidence that CXCL4L1 and netrin-1 constitute new potential therapeutic and/or diagnostic targets for pancreatic cancer