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1
Gilbert, Mark. „Pacifist Attitudes to Nazi Germany, 1936-45“. Journal of Contemporary History 27, Nr. 3 (Juli 1992): 493–511. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002200949202700306.
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Shibata, Ria. „Identity, Nationalism and Threats to Northeast Asia Peace“. Journal of Peacebuilding & Development 13, Nr. 3 (Dezember 2018): 86–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15423166.2018.1516157.
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The escalating public debate over amendment of the Japanese constitution centres on the war-renouncing principles of Article 9 — the symbol of Japan's pacifist identity. Since elected to power, Prime Minister Shinzo Abe and his supporters have been steadfastly pushing to revise the constitution to remove pacifist constraints on the nation's Self-Defense Forces. In the face of growing insecurities generated by long economic stagnation, regional threats posed by North Korean missiles and rising Chinese hegemony, Japanese conservative politicians feel it is time to overhaul Japan's humiliating postwar regime represented by the pacifist constitution and restore Japan's pride and independence. This article examines the resurgence of nationalist discourse in Japan as a response to Japan's threatened identity and esteem. As the Japanese people become increasingly exposed to nationalist narratives and realistic threats, how have these affected their desire to maintain a pacifist identity? This paper further examines the pacifist attitudes of today's Japanese youth and to what extent they are in favour of changing the constitution to adopt a stronger military defence.
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Duncan, Stewart. „Comments on Larry May, Limiting Leviathan“. Hobbes Studies 27, Nr. 2 (08.09.2014): 185–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18750257-02702006.
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This paper discusses two aspects of Larry May’s book Limiting Leviathan. First it discusses a passage in Leviathan, to which May draws attention, in which Hobbes connects obligation to “that, which in the disputations of scholars is called absurdity”. Secondly it looks at the book’s discussion of Hobbes and pacifist attitudes, with reference to Hobbes’s contemporary critic John Eachard.
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Bouchat, Pierre, Laurent Licata, Valérie Rosoux, Christian Allesch, Heinrich Ammerer, Inna Bovina, Susanne Bruckmüller et al. „100 years after: What is the relation between pacifist attitudes and social representations of the Great War?“ Peace and Conflict: Journal of Peace Psychology 25, Nr. 2 (Mai 2019): 129–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/pac0000359.
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5
Sneath, Robyn. „Fancy Schools for Fancy People: Risks and Rewards in Fieldwork Research Among the Low German Mennonites of Canada and Mexico“. Religions 10, Nr. 1 (09.01.2019): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel10010039.
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In the 1920s, conflict over schooling prompted the exodus of nearly 8000 Mennonites from the Canadian prairie provinces of Manitoba and Saskatchewan to Mexico and Paraguay; this is the largest voluntary exodus of a single people group in Canadian history. Mennonites—whose roots are found in the 1520s Reformation—are an Anabaptist, pacifist, isolationist ethnic, and religious minority group, and victims of a fledgling Canada’s nation-building efforts. It is estimated that approximately 80,000 descendants of the original emigrants have subsequently returned to Canada, where tensions over schooling have persisted. The tensions—then, as now—are rooted in a fundamentally different understanding of the purposes of education—and it is this tension that interests me as an ethnographer and education researcher. My research is concerned with assessing attitudes towards education within the Low German Mennonite (LGM) community in both Canada and Mexico. Too often academic research is presented as a tidy finished product, with little insight shed into the messy, highly iterative process of data collection. The purpose of this article is to pull back the curtain and discuss the messiness of the process, including security risks involved with methodology, site selection, research participants, and gaining access to the community.
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Tkachuk, Taras. „The Munich Agreement of 1938: the Approaches of the British Politics and Diplomacy“. European Historical Studies, Nr. 10 (2018): 253–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2524-048x.2018.10.253-274.
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The article touches upon the analysis of the main approaches to the consideration of one of the key events in international relations on the eve of the Second World War – the Munich Agreement of 1938. Particular attention is paid to the stereotypes of the British appeasement policy, which supposedly meant that Germany could not be defeated as a «scared bull», but instead, with the help of diplomacy, its aggression could be sent to another side. In this respect, during the time of N. Chamberlain’s tenure as British Prime Minister, many critics spoke against such a strategy of the British foreign policy and the above-mentioned agreement as its main showcase. Therefore, the article focuses on all the circumstances that led to the signing of the Munich Agreement, analyzes the positions of both signatory states of the treaty and those countries that had an indirect influence on the solution of the Czechoslovak problem. It is argued that one should not blame soloely Chamberlain for mistakes made in Munich: one should also take into account the position of E. Daladier’s French government and the pacifist attitudes of most Britons who did not want to fight for solving the internal political problems of a foreign state. To this end, it is necessary to note the undeniable victory of the Nazi diplomacy, the activities of which were directed specifically at the spread of panic in Europe, while Germany itself was unprepared for the war. Finally, the article draws parallels between the events of 1938 and the current geopolitical situation associated with the Russian Federation aggressive actions. However, it emphasizes the impossibility to comprehensively equalise the Munich Agreement of 1938 and the Minsk Agreements of 2014 – 2015, first of all, due to the distinction of the epoques and the goals of convening these two international conferences.
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Kovalska, Maryna. „The Ideas of European Integration in the Journalistic Activities of W. T. Stead (Based upon His Work “The United States of Europe on the Eve of the Parliament of Peace”)“. European Historical Studies, Nr. 15 (2020): 50–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2524-048x.2020.15.4.
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The article analyzes the ideas of European political integration as the famous British journalist William Thomas Stead stated in his work “The United States of Europe on the eve of the Parliament of Peace” (1899). It examines the so-called “international crusade of peace”, the leading provisions of the Euro-integration concept activities of W. T. Stead. The author emphasizes the progressiveness and originality of the journalist’s approaches, and emphasizes his innovative proposals and compares the positions of W. T. Stead with the standards of behavior of a Victorian man, examines his moral and ethical attitudes towards the war, the problems of the growth of arms of the European countries of the late 19th century, and the aggressive foreign policy. As W. T. Stead wrote in his “The United States of Europe on the eve of the Parliament of Peace”, the European integration means departure from militarism and coming to disarmament, that is the absence of armed conflicts at all. The pacifist, peaceful principles of W. T. Stead are emphasized against the background of the broader imperial policy of the late Victorian Britain, and the issues of journalist perceptions of militarism, imperialism, the problems of arms and international relations, and the foreign policy of his native country are highlighted. W. T. Stead’s high expectations about the eve of the next step in the progress of human society far away from the cruelties of war were emphasized. In the article was stated that W. T. Stead thought it would be better for an imperialist Britain to limit itself within the patriotic and reasonable political line at the same time. The issues of peace and war in Britain were shown, and the increased lethality of weapons and the anomalous chaos of warfare of the end of the 19th century. The author comes to a conclusion of the sincerity, objectivity, impartiality, progressiveness of the views of W. T. Stead, who considered the process of European integration as the one of the stages of building a better human society in the world.
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Magnelli, Enrico. „Aristofane a Sparta (Ach. 650-4) e la leggenda di Tirteo“. Rivista digitale del Dipartimento di Lettere e Filosofia. DILEF, Nr. 1 (10.03.2022): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.35948/dilef/2022.3274.
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I dibattutissimi vv. 650-4 degli Acarnesi, ove l’affermazione secondo cui i consigli di Aristofane aiuteranno Atene a vincere la Guerra del Peloponneso mal si accorda con l’atteggiamento pacifista dell’autore, con ogni probabilità alludono alla leggenda sull’origine ateniese di Tirteo, che ben potrebbe essere più antica del IV secolo. The much disputed vv. 650-4 of Acharnians, where the statement that Aristophanes’ advice will help Athens to win the Peloponnesian War seems hardly consistent with the playwright’s pacifist attitude, in all likelihood allude to the ancient tale of Tyrtaeus’ Athenian origin, which may well be older than the fourth century.
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Lee, Hye-ryeon, Hye Eun Lee, Kevin Cassel, Megan Inada Hagiwara und Lilnabeth P. Somera. „Protective Effect of Biculturalism for Health Amongst Minority Youth: The Case of Pacific Islander Migrant Youths in Hawai’i“. British Journal of Social Work 49, Nr. 4 (25.04.2019): 1003–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bjsw/bcz042.
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Abstract This study investigates the mechanisms by which biculturalism impacts various health outcomes amongst youth migrants to Hawai’i who are from the US-Affiliated Pacific Islands jurisdictions. Using purposive sampling, 284 males and females (twelve to nineteen years old) of Pacific Islander ethnicities in Hawai’i completed a survey. Results from path analysis showed that biculturalism significantly and positively affected self-esteem that, in turn, improved eating attitude, body satisfaction and perceived well-being. Further, eating attitude increased healthy eating behaviour and body satisfaction that, in turn, positively affected general health perception and body satisfaction. Positive smoking attitudes increased smoking activities, which negatively affect general health perception. The study demonstrated that self-esteem impacted overall health through its influence on enhancing positive perceptions about the importance of healthy eating, body satisfaction and well-being. Biculturalism indirectly led to increased self-esteem, which in turn directly influenced attitudes about healthy eating, body satisfaction and perceived well-being. Our study provides strong evidence that addressing the problem of health disparities for minority populations in the USA has to start with reaffirming the value of diversity and multiculturalism and embracing an individual’s historic cultural identity. Specific implications for funding agencies and researchers of minority health programs are discussed.
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Kaspar, Annette, Sione Pifeleti und Carlie Driscoll. „The role of health promotion in the development of ear and hearing health services in the Pacific Islands : A literature review“. SAGE Open Medicine 9 (Januar 2021): 205031212199328. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2050312121993287.
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The Pacific Islands have among the highest rates of ear disease and hearing loss in the world. Ear and hearing health services are limited in this region; however, a significant proportion of avoidable hearing loss and disability may be addressed through public health promotion activities. In order to develop appropriate hearing health education campaigns and promotion initiatives, knowledge and attitude studies among target population groups are vital. This review aimed to summarize the research literature on knowledge and attitude to ear disease and hearing loss in the Pacific Islands in order to develop appropriate health promotion campaigns for our context in Samoa. PubMed and ScienceDirect databases were searched for relevant journal articles. Key search terms were ‘Pacific Islands’, ‘ear disease’, ‘hearing loss’, ‘knowledge’, ‘attitudes’, and their relevant synonyms. There was no limit on the date of publication. Only one journal article met the review criteria. Parental knowledge and attitude to childhood hearing loss and hearing services in the Solomon Islands was overwhelmingly positive (96%–99.3%). There was high parental awareness of ear disease as a cause of hearing loss among children (94%) and high parental awareness of public health initiatives aimed at reducing ear disease and hearing loss such as routine childhood immunizations (84%) and breastfeeding (76%). Knowledge and attitude studies among key stakeholders are needed to develop appropriate health promotion activities to reduce the preventable causes of hearing loss in the Pacific Islands. Health promotion activities should prioritize major public health issues of ear disease and noise-induced hearing loss.
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Takahashi, L. M. „Representation, Attitudes, and Behavior: Analyzing the Spatial Dimensions of Community Response to Mental Disability“. Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 29, Nr. 3 (März 1997): 501–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/a290501.
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Anecdotal evidence indicates that community opposition has become intensified and more focused on human service facilities over the past decade. The irrational, selfish, and exclusionary tendencies often associated with the NIMBY (not in my backyard) syndrome do not reflect the complexity inherent in local responses to controversial human services, such as mental health care facilities. In this paper I instead develop a framework incorporating the broader structure of social relations to explain local response to mental disability. In this framework I posit that marginalized representations of mental disability based in a continuum of stigma lead to rejecting attitudes and behavior. The first national survey of attitudes toward controversial human services conducted in the USA ( N = 1326) provides the data for exploring the spatial dimensions of resident acceptance and rejection. Results of a multivariate analysis indicate that the spatial dimensions of community response are linked to both the structure of attitude dimensions and the spatial location of respondents. The national survey points to three principal attitude types concerning mental disability: social restrictiveness, liberal support, and a NIMBY-type response. The rejection types of attitudes (social restrictiveness and NIMBY) tend to be reflective of attitudes in the Midwest and South, whereas the acceptance attitude type (liberal support) is more reflective of the Pacific region. Regional variations are also important in describing behavioral differences (for example, whether respondents oppose facility siting or not). This analysis provides opportunities for understanding the stigmatization of mental disability, and provides clues about the possible levers which might be used in specific places to promote a more positive representation of mentally disabled individuals.
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Zhou, Minglang. „The spread of Putonghua and language attitude changes in Shanghai and Guangzhou, China“. Journal of Asian Pacific Communication 11, Nr. 2 (31.12.2001): 231–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/japc.11.2.07zho.
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This study measures languages attitudes of 82 college students in Shanghai and Guangzhou, where language planning has promoted Putonghua (PTH) over local varieties since 1956. Since the 1980s, industrialization, commercialization, and greater demographic mobility have changed what used to be homogeneous local variety speech communities, resulting in greater demand for PTH in cross-variety communication. Do language attitudes change with greater demand for PTH? A direct measurement shows that the Shanghainese and Cantonese are largely similar in language use but differ in language attitudes: instrumental motivation and impressions of stereotyped PTH speakers correlate differently with language use for these groups. An indirect measurement indicates that, because of low social distance, the Shanghainese and Cantonese as whole groups preferred neither PTH nor their respective local varieties, though the Shanghainese females significantly upgraded PTH on both social status and group solidarity, while the Shanghainese males upgraded Shanghainese. These findings do not conform well to the textbook-case dichotomy found in early studies between high and low varieties on the dimensions of social status and solidarity. The nonconforming language attitudes may represent attitude changes amid emerging patterns of language use in these two Pacific cities.
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Pal, Moneeta, Felicity Goodyear-Smith und Daniel Exeter. „Factors contributing to high immunisation coverage among New Zealand Asians“. Journal of Primary Health Care 6, Nr. 4 (2014): 304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/hc14304.
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INTRODUCTION: While New Zealand (NZ) immunisation coverage has improved steadily over the years, there is inequity between ethnic groups, with rates lower in Maori and Pacific people and highest in Asian people. This qualitative study aimed to identify attitudes and behaviours of NZ Asian parents of children under the age of five years that might contribute to their seeking immunisation for their children. METHODS: In-depth, semi-structured interviews were conducted to explore attitudes, values, experiences, knowledge, behaviour and perceived barriers regarding childhood immunisation. Transcripts were analysed using a general inductive approach. FINDINGS: Key themes identified were a general positive attitude towards immunisation, being well-informed and aware of the value of immunisation, accepting governmental encouragement to use immunisation services, and perceiving minimal barriers to immunisation services access. CONCLUSION: The findings of this study suggest that high immunisation coverage rates among NZ Asians may be primarily due to parental attitudes, rather than the quality and accessibility of immunisation services in NZ. KEYWORDS: Asian continental ancestry group; child; culture; ethnic groups; immunisation; qualitative research
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Chugrov, Sergey V., und Liubov B. Karelova. „Japan as a “Normal Country”: Metamorphoses of Political Identity (Review and Analysis of Public Opinion Polls)“. Sociological Journal 26, Nr. 1 (2020): 87–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.19181/socjour.2020.26.1.7054.
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The research was focused on the political identity dynamics of the Japanese people through their attitude towards specific political issues, concepts, and doctrines, through ideas about the role of their country in the world, their attitude to “constituent Others” and their military history, as well as the analysis of differences between identities at the macro and micro levels during the emergence of the official course towards transforming Japan into a “normal country”. The solution to this problem is relevant in regards to Russia building a constructive policy in relation to Japan. The article analyzes a series of special and longitudinal studies characterizing generational change over the past 20 years in order to determine how much Japanese political preferences have changed in reference points that reflect their political identity, and which of these points allow us to identify significant determinants. As a key determinant of these surveys, the authors selected the degree of stability of pacifist self-consciousness, while analyzing the cumulative effect of several major factors in the formation of pacifism as the core of Japanese political identity: a) the archetypal principle of harmony (wa), expressed in the tendency of the Japanese people to smoothen out potential conflicts and in the outstanding ability to adapt and to adopt, b) the long-term implications of the constructivist paradigm in political rhetoric concerning the problem of national security; c) the impact of pacifist cultural and political discourse; d) the victimization complex that has developed in the wake of the defeat; and e) the absence of a clear perception of military threat in the society. Together, they make us believe that pacifist self-identification has a large margin of stability, and speak to the bifurcation of the current political identity of the Japanese people, which is experiencing a multi-vector pressure of the ‘power’ strategy of political realism and value-oriented approaches of constructivism. The authors identify the main directions of stratification of the political identity of Japanese society, point to some emerging trends in the realm of ideas on security policy, draw conclusions about the real place and influence of reflection on the Russian-Japanese territorial issue in the structure of Japanese political identity.
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Smuniewski, Cezary. „Church and Pacifism“. Politeja 16, Nr. 4(61) (31.12.2019): 341–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.12797/politeja.16.2019.61.19.
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The article is a study in the domain of security and aims to answer the following question in the context of contemporary threats: What is the Catholic Church’s attitude towards pacifism? The author presents research concerning the relationship between pacifism and religion, analyzing the question of pacifism with reference to biblical texts and contemporary Catholic thought.
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Maglione, Christine, Jodi Barnett und Jay E. Maddock. „Correlates of Low-Fat Milk Consumption in a Multi-Ethnic Population“. Californian Journal of Health Promotion 3, Nr. 4 (01.12.2005): 21–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.32398/cjhp.v3i4.1778.
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Objective: To assess the correlates of low-fat milk consumption in a multi-ethnic population. Design: Cross-sectional random digit dial telephone survey of adults residing in Hawaii. Setting & Participants: The survey was completed by 600 adults who consumed cow’s milk. Five ethnicities composed over 86% of the sample: Caucasian (36%), Hawaiian (17%), Japanese (18%), Filipino (10%), and Chinese (5%). The average age of participant was 45.6. 84% had completed high school and 35% had completed college. Variables Measured: All variables were self-reported. Type of milk consumed (high-fat vs. low-fat) was the dependent variable. Independent variables included age, gender, ethnicity, body mass, attitude, normative beliefs, and stage of change. Analysis: Chi-squares and logistic regression were used for the analysis (p < .05). Results: Younger and less educated people were less likely to drink low-fat milk, as were Native Hawaiians and Filipinos. In the multivariate analyses only attitudes, normative beliefs, and education were significant predictors. Conclusions and Implications: Attitudes and normative beliefs towards milk consumption explain more of the variance in type of milk consumption than demographic characteristics. This data indicates the feasibility of testing interventions designed to influence attitudes and normative beliefs towards low-fat milk consumption in Asian and Pacific Island communities.
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Wibowo, Tri Suryo. „Analysis of Implementation Factors of Safety and Health Program on Work Accident in CV. Pasific Harvest Muncar District Banyuwangi“. JOURNAL FOR QUALITY IN PUBLIC HEALTH 2, Nr. 2 (03.05.2019): 56–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.30994/jqph.v2i2.37.
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Human Resources (HR) occupies a strategic and important place among other resources. In this case the company needs to pay attention to the security of employees while working in the company. One form of protection is to provide Occupational Safety and Health (K3) employees. The purpose of this study was to analyze the most dominant factors affecting work accidents in CV. Pacific Harvest Muncar Banyuwangi. The research design used was cross sectional. The research population is All employees in the production department CV. Pacific Harvest of 273 people and a large sample of 162 people. The sampling technique using Simple random sampling anddata collection using questionnaires and then analyzed using multiple linear regression.The results showed that between attitudes to work accidents no significant effect with significant value = 0.001 <0.05).Between knowledge of accidents of work there is significant influence with significant value = 0,000 <0.05 and there is a behavioral effect on work accidents with significant value = 0.025 <0.05.Based on the research, it is necessary to make the knowledge about K3 more enhanced to form a safe attitude and behavior in working and obeying all regulations and SOP K3 applied by the company.
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Gaur, Sanjaya Singh, Sivakumari Supramaniam, Sheau Fen Yap und Mele Foliaki. „Consumption of financial products amongst vulnerable pacific island people in New Zealand“. Journal of Consumer Marketing 37, Nr. 7 (20.08.2020): 833–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jcm-10-2018-2912.
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Purpose This paper aims to understand the attitudes of young Pacific Island adults towards financial products such as debt and money and explore the cultural elements influencing the financial consumption amongst Pacific Island adults. Design/methodology/approach Hermeneutic phenomenology has been used to explore and gain insights into the experiences, thought processes, values and aspirations of young Pacific Island adults with regard to their consumption of financial products. Findings The findings identify culture as an influential factor in shaping the participants’ attitudes and financial consumption behaviour. Culture not only enabled the individuals to internalize their values, norms and beliefs but also shaped their way of thinking through the effect of communications. Originality/value Communication element within culture is identified as an influential factor in shaping the participants’ attitudes and financial consumption behaviour offering an important insight that social marketers should be aware of and be prepared to address when developing their financial educational programs or any other behavioural change interventions.
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Redkinа, Olga, und Tatjana Nazarova. „Formation of Culture of Pacificism in the Russian Society: Transformation of Ideas of Mennonites“. Logos et Praxis, Nr. 3 (Dezember 2019): 162–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.15688/lp.jvolsu.2019.3.18.
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The article considers the gradual transformation of certain aspects of the pacifist doctrine of the Mennonites under the influence of new farming conditions in the sparsely populated and inaccessible regions of the Russian Empire. Understanding of our duties to the state, which sheltered the persecuted community at the end of the 18th century, guaranteed freedom of conscience (including the preservation of pacifism, among other things), this gave rise to a new attitude towards the Russian army, a desire to contribute to protecting the interests of the Fatherland in an acceptable form. The influence of Orthodox views on just wars, on the essence of serving the Fatherland on the patriotic views of the Mennonites of the Black Sea region seems probable. Remaining lawabiding citizens, during all wars the Mennonites found opportunities to provide comprehensive support to the Russian army without violating their religious beliefs – money donations, maintaining field hospitals, caring for wounded soldiers, providing transportation, food, and fodder. Reluctance to leave Russia in the 1870s after the introduction of universal military service, it stimulated the Mennonites to seek a compromise with the Russian state, and led to the emergence of an alternative service for them in the forest teams. The widespread possession of cold steel and firearms, which was seized from them in 1914–1915, speaks about the transformation of certain aspects of the pacifist beliefs of the Mennonites living in Novorossia. The extreme conditions of the First World War and the Civil War gave an impetus to a more active revision of the pacifist beliefs by the Mennonites, to an individual decision on the form of service in the army or abandonment of it. The possession of weapons, the presence of significant arsenals in the communities will lead to the creation of self-defense units during the Сivil war in Ukraine and the Crimea, to the combat participation of individual Mennonites on the side of the White and Red Armies. The majority of Mennonites will use the right not to serve in the army for religious reasons, enshrined in a decree of the SNK of the RSFSR in 1919.
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Kim, Jong Seok. „An Investigation of Key Factors Affecting the Adoption of Smartphone in Three Regions“. International Journal of Innovation and Technology Management 13, Nr. 06 (14.11.2016): 1640017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219877016400174.
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The primary aim of this paper is to propose an integrated model of smartphone adoption that incorporates product benefit, technological capabilities, consumption pattern and word of mouth (WOM) into the technology acceptance model. In this study, the author proposes a structural equation model (SEM) which was empirically evaluated by using survey data collected from 5500 respondents with demographics in Asia Pacific, Middle East and Africa, and Europe to investigate their perception and attitudes toward smartphone adoption intention. The results reveal that product benefit, technological capabilities, consumption pattern change and WOM have all positive effect on the perception of innovativeness. Attitude toward a product turned out to play mediating role between perceived innovativeness and intention of adoption. In addition, the outcomes of this investigation indicated that there were no significant cultural differences between respondents in three different regions in regard to the adoption of a smartphone.
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., Lisnawati, und Sri Hani Purwati. „PENGARUH LEAFLET DIBANDINGKAN POWER POINT TERHADAP PENGETAHUAN DAN SIKAP IBU HAMIL TENTANG HEPATITIS B DI UPTD PUSKESMAS KEDOKAN BUNDER KABUPATEN INDRAMAYU TAHUN 2020“. JURNAL KEBIDANAN KESTRA (JKK) 4, Nr. 1 (31.10.2021): 25–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.35451/jkk.v4i1.876.
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Introduction: Every year Hepatitis B has experienced a very rapid increase from <1% up to now reaching 5%, it is estimated that worldwide has a history of Hepatitis B and has Hepatitis B up to 2 billion people. Pregnant women have a high risk of transmitting infections around 1.5 to 2.5% of pregnant women worldwide who have Hepatitis B. Areas with the highest risk include the Mediterranean, Middle East (Gulf countries, Saudi Arabia and Turkey), Pakistan, Central, and North Asia namely Japan, Taiwan, Greenland and Africa, the Amazon basin and certain regions of the Indonesia Pacific. This study aims to determine the effect of leaflets versus power points on the knowledge and attitudes of pregnant women about Hepatitis B.
Methods: analytical research with Quasi-experiment technique with pretest and posttest Two Group Design designs taken with accidental sampling technique obtained a sample of 20 people in the leaflet group and 20 people in the powerpoint group. The instrument used was a questionnaire created by researchers who had tested the validity and reliability. The analysis used in the knowledge variable uses the Wilcoxon test and in the attitude, variable use the Mcnemar test. To know the comparison of knowledge using the Independent t-test and the attitude using the Chi-square test.
Results: the results of the independent t-test were used to find out the comparison between the leaflet group and the PowerPoint group, the p-value was 0.206, and the chi-square test between the leaflet group and the PowerPoint group obtained a p-value of 1,000.
Conclusion: there was no difference in the effect of using leaflets compared to power points on the knowledge and attitudes of pregnant women about Hepatitis B in UPTD Puskesmas Kedokan Bunder Indramayu Regency in 2020.
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Chappell, Kelly K., und Catherine S. Taylor. „Evidence for the Reliability and Factorial Validity of the Computer Game Attitude Scale“. Journal of Educational Computing Research 17, Nr. 1 (Juli 1997): 67–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/gble-cevt-ywtl-qebg.
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The Computer Game Attitude Scale (CGAS) evaluates student attitudes toward educational computer games. This study provides evidence for the reliability and factorial validity of the scores of the CGAS and its two subscales. Study participants were 186 middle school students from two large school districts in the Pacific Northwest, one urban and one suburban. The CGAS produced scores with a total test alpha coefficient of 88 for the sample. A principal components factor analysis with a two factor solution and a varimax rotation was conducted on the items of the CGAS. Two factors explained 44 percent of the total variance. The pattern of loadings in the principal components factor analysis supports the grouping implied by the two subscales, indicating that the two subscales were sufficiently stable to be used as separate scores. Data indicate that the CGAS produced reliable test scores that may aid researchers, computer game designers, and teachers in the evaluation of educational software games.
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Woods, Lawrence T. „Meeting Mikhail: Attitudes towards Soviet involvement in Pacific cooperation“. Pacific Review 3, Nr. 3 (Januar 1990): 214–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09512749008718870.
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Cassel, K., H. R. Lee, L. Somera und G. Badowski. „Culture, Communication, and Cancer Risk Behaviors Among Pacific Islanders in Hawaii“. Journal of Global Oncology 4, Supplement 2 (01.10.2018): 4s. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jgo.18.37300.
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Background: A priority of the National Cancer Institute (NCI) is to acquire, aggregate and integrate cancer control data that facilitates collaborations to address health disparities and communication inequalities. To better communicate cancer research to the public, the NCI developed the Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS). However, as with most national health surveillance systems, HINTS nationally obtained data are not sufficient to address the behaviors of unique demographic and geographic subpopulations. US Pacific Islanders are one of the fastest growing population groups in the US, and cancer is the leading cause of death in this group. Limited knowledge about the cancer communication practices and risk behaviors of US Pacific Islanders drive the poor implementation of effective cancer prevention interventions. Aim: This study aims to document the prevalence and differences in the cancer relevant knowledge, attitudes, and information seeking practices of Pacific Islander populations residing in Hawaii. Specifically, we aim to expand HINTS assessment to native Hawaiians and recent migrant Marshallese and Chuukese populations in Hawaii. Methods: We conducted surveys with 352 native Hawaiians, 282 Chuukese, and 129 Marshallese residing in HI. We used Respondent Driven Sampling method (RDS) to recruit these geographically diffuse populations in HI. The survey included questions about basic knowledge, attitude and behavior about various cancers, detailed communication behaviors about health information, and cultural beliefs and practices. Results: Data show there are clear differences among the three ethnic groups across a variety of cancer-related attitudes, knowledge, behaviors and risk factors. For example, a larger proportion of Chuukese have BMIs that can be described as obese or morbidly obese compared with native Hawaiians. On the other hand, native Hawaiians are significantly more likely to smoke than Marshallese and Chuukese. These groups also differ significantly regarding the level of acculturation, religiosity, fatalism about cancer, and trust in medical professionals. Regarding communication, cell phone use was common with 75% of native Hawaiians, 80% of Marshallese and 88% of Chuukese having cell phones. This use of cellphone technology was in stark contrast to Internet use with only 45% of native Hawaiians, 49% of Marshallese and 27% of Chuukese reporting access to the Web. Conclusion: There is a need for cancer prevention programs for Pacific Islanders in Hawaii. An effective health program has to address their unique cultural beliefs and practices, and fit their unique communication ecology. This study provides new knowledge concerning the use of nonprobability based study sampling methods, and the role of culture in cancer-related communications in influencing cancer risk behaviors that may be generalizable to the growing number of migrant Pacific Islander populations living in the US.
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Worlton, Tamara J., Jacqueline Braden, Kyle Gadbois, Jason Lefringhouse und Ernest Lockrow. „The Impact of Robotic-Assisted Technology on Attitudes of Host Nation Individuals Participating in Pacific Partnership 2018: Improving Partnerships Through Technology“. Military Medicine 185, Nr. 5-6 (08.01.2020): 368–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/milmed/usz439.
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Abstract The USNS Mercy (T-AH 19) on Pacific Partnership 2018 was the first mobile, expeditionary platform to utilize the da Vinci Surgical System. Using a de-identified, web-based survey, the impact of this new technology on Pacific Partnership 2018 on the attitudes of host nation surgeons was examined.
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Tararo-Ruhe, Troy, Debra L. Waters und Rosalina Richards. „Engaging Dunedin New Zealand Pacific People in Falls Prevention“. Pacific Health Dialog 21, Nr. 2 (30.09.2018): 80–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.26635/phd.2018.917.
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Introduction:
Falls are a common cause of injury in New Zealand. However, falls risk and prevalence have not been investigated in Pacific peoples. To address this knowledge gap, a literature review, falls risk screening, and attitudes towards exercise as falls prevention questionnaires were conducted in a Pacific population in the southern regional town of Dunedin.
Aims:
To identify the attitudes towards strength and balance exercise as falls prevention within Pacific Islands peoples in Dunedin, New Zealand.
Methods:
Participants aged 55+ were recruited from Pacific Trust Otago, flyers, at church groups and existing exercise classes. Falls screening was assessed by the New Zealand Health Quality and Safety Commission’s Ask, Assess, Act questionnaire. Attitudes towards exercise as falls prevention intervention, was assessed using a culturally adapted version of the Attitudes to Falls-Related Intervention Scales (AFRIS). Both questionnaires were verbally administered in the participants’ native tongue.
Results:
Fifty respondents (mean age: 68.69, males: 39.58%, females: 60.42%) completed the questionnaires. Just over 56% indicated falls risk (62.07% female and 52.63% male) and 30% reported a fall in the last 12 months (31.03% females and 21.05% males). AFRIS highest mean score, was 6.69 (out of 7) for readiness to engage in strength and balance exercise to prevent falls. The lowest score (6.4) was ease of exercise participation. The total mean AFRIS score was 38.96 out of a possible 42.
Conclusions:
Self-reported falls in the past year and risk within this population was comparable to other groups and highlights the need for falls prevention that caters to cultural needs. The positive response to adding strength and balance exercise provides supporting evidence of incorporating strength and balance exercises into existing programmes
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PARK, CHONG-MIN. „Public Attitudes toward Government Spending in the Asia-Pacific Region“. Japanese Journal of Political Science 11, Nr. 1 (26.02.2010): 77–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1468109909990144.
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AbstractThis article describes public attitudes toward government spending in Australia, China, India, Japan, Russia, and the United States, the six major economies of the Asia-Pacific region. An analysis of the 2008 AsiaBarometer Survey data shows that ordinary citizens of the sample countries favored increased, rather than reduced, government spending on a wide range of policy programs. It is also found that support for state activism was stronger in former state socialist countries than in market capitalist ones. Although economic interests, symbolic predispositions, and social positions influenced spending preferences to varying degrees, left–right ideology was particularly conspicuous in most countries surveyed. It is evident that the mass publics of the major economies of the Asia-Pacific region did not strongly endorse state contraction or retrenchment, even in the wake of economic globalization and the neoliberal reform movement.
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Adams, Tim. „Coastal marine resource management in the Pacific region“. Pacific Conservation Biology 1, Nr. 2 (1994): 83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc940083.
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The inaugural issue of Pacific Conservation Biology - A journal devoted to conservation and land management in the Pacific region contained some discussion of conflict between indigenous and Eurocentric attitudes to conservation. Ironically, a major conflict between indigenous and Eurocentric attitudes is illustrated by the secondary title of the journal itself. This conflict is not so much in the concept of conservation which, to the subsistence-level human components of the species-poor ecosystems of the insular Pacific, is a matter of pragmatic commonsense, but in the concept of "land" management. For most small-island peoples, there is no sharp dividing line between the land and the sea and "land" management is but a facet of "marine" management, and vice-versa. On the borderline between Melanesia and Polynesia, they have an appropriate word for this concept, the vanua, which labels the totality of terrestrial/marine space and resources available to a given sub-unit of the human population.
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Lee, Po Yen, Lin Qi und Peng Li. „Host Community Attitude Toward Trade-off Between Tourism Development and Environmental Conservation: A Case Study of Palau“. Business and Management Research 9, Nr. 1 (19.03.2020): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/bmr.v9n1p21.
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Palau is home to one of the purest marine ecosystems in the Pacific Ocean; however, since 2015, Palau has suffered an economic decline due to the negative environmental effects of over- tourism. The island country is at the crossroads of stagnation and recovery. The community attitude towards the trade-off between tourism development and environmental conservation are critical for forging a tourism strategy. This research attempts to identify the attitudes, values and beliefs of the community and proposes an appropriate plan within the current tourism scenario. The method of in-depth interviews and secondary data analysis were applied using NVivo software. The results showed that there are different viewpoints between the residents and the government, but there is one aspect that everyone agrees on: the need to develop tourism strategy that runs parallel to environmental conservation by upgrading Palau’s tourism to provide a high-end product. This would ideally result in finding a balance between the needs of the host community and sustainable tourism in a win-win scenario.
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Gattuso, Suzy, und Anna Shadbolt. „ATTITUDES TOWARD AGING AMONG PACIFIC ISLANDER HEALTH STUDENTS IN FIJI“. Educational Gerontology 28, Nr. 2 (Februar 2002): 99–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03601270252801364.
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Mason, Anthony. „Coups and conflict“. Pacific Journalism Review : Te Koakoa 7, Nr. 1 (01.09.2001): 57–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.24135/pjr.v7i1.703.
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Essentially, the Australian media is only interested in covering the Pacific if it involves a coup, a conflict or a natural disaster. The only positive stories are primarily related to tourism. Part of this media attitude towards the Pacific stems from recent history.
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Domingo, Joseph R., Grace J. Yoo, Jeff Henne, Rita Shiau und Melissa A. Sanchez. „HBV Testing and Vaccinations among Asian and Pacific Islander Patients“. Californian Journal of Health Promotion 14, Nr. 1 (01.05.2016): 15–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.32398/cjhp.v14i1.1861.
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Background and Significance: One in 12 Asian and Pacific Islanders (APIs) are infected with hepatitis B (HBV). APIs represent one-third of the population in San Francisco. San Francisco Hep B Free (SFHBF), a citywide collaboration, works to educate physicians and the community on the importance of hepatitis B among APIs through increasing awareness, education and the availability of screening and vaccinations. The purpose of this paper was to qualitatively assess the perceived impact of SFHBF on the awareness and attitudes of physicians regarding screening and vaccination of APIs. Methods: Twenty physicians (n=20) participated in key informant interviews about HBV awareness and involvement with SFHBF. The questions focused on physician attitudes and practice towards HBV screening, vaccination and follow-up care, communication with patients about HBV, and awareness and effectiveness of the SFHBF outreach efforts. Results: Findings highlighted SFHBF’s impact on physicians’ sensitivity and awareness. Overall, physicians were increasing their HBV screening and vaccination rates among their API patients. Physicians noted the need for continual support to prioritize HBV screening and vaccination among their API patients. Conclusion: The findings of this study are important for understanding the impact of public health campaigns on physician attitudes and practices regarding HBV education, screening, and vaccinations among their API patients.
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Kireeva, A. „Russia-Japan Relations in Crisis: What are the Reasons?“ World Economy and International Relations 66, Nr. 12 (2022): 108–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.20542/0131-2227-2022-66-12-108-119.
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The article analyzes the impact of the escalation of Ukrainian crisis since February 2022 on Russia-Japan relations by looking into the policy of Japan’s Fumio Kishida administration and the response of the Russian government. It strives to answer the question of what are the drivers behind Japan’s hardline policy and to this goal looks into the reasons for the deterioration of bilateral relations even before 2022. The paper demonstrates that Japan’s harsh policy response in line with its ally the U.S. and G7 partners has prompted Russia’s negative reaction, with Moscow “punishing” Japan by refusing to continue negotiations on the key priority issue for Tokyo, i.e. peace treaty and territorial dispute. Japan’s sanctions regime is the toughest among the non-Western states. A number of factors explain Japan’s policy: negative attitude towards ex-Prime Minister Shinzo Abe’s engagement policy towards Russia seen as a failure due to the lack of breakthrough in the territorial issue, traditionally negative perception of Russia due to the “northern territories”, little support in Suga and Kishida administrations towards further engagement with Moscow, negative attitude towards expanding Russia-China military cooperation, solidarity with G7 partners, perception about the possibility of the same actions by China in the Indo-Pacific regarding Taiwan and territorial disputes, pacifist sentiments, negative media coverage and relative insignificance of Russia as an export destination for Japanese companies. As a result, the relations are at the lowest point in the last three decades, with political and security contacts as well as the operation of many businesses suspended. Rapprochement is over as Russia-Japan relations have proved to be a hostage of Russia’s conflict with the U.S. and Europe. A negative scenario envisioning an exacerbating security dilemma between Russia and Japan if realized is poised to damage the security of both states.
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Espinosa, Agustín, Victor Jiménez-Benítez, Juan Valencia-Moya, Juan Carlos Romero und Salvador Antonio Sandoval. „Ideological Influences on Intergroup Attitudes in the Context of The Hague Court Boundary Dispute between Peru and Chile“. CES Psicología 15, Nr. 1 (03.02.2022): 119–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.21615/cesp.5745.
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In the context of the border dispute presented by Peru against Chile in the The Hague Court, this study analyzes the influences of two ideological motivational dimensions: Right-Wing Authoritarianism (RWA) and Social Dominance Orientation (SDO) on a set of intergroup attitudes that involve both nations. To this end, a survey study of 196 Chileans and 223 Peruvians participants was conducted. The instruments used to measure ideology and political attitudes are the following ones: RWA Scale; SDO Scale; Scale of Intergroup attitudes between Chile-Peru and specific questions on interest in the Hague litigation and willingness to fight for one's country. The results show that in the Peruvian case attitudes of belligerence and alert and a greater willingness to fight for the country are better explained by the RWA, while in the Chilean case these same attitudes are explained both by the RWA as well as the SDO. On the other hand, pacificist attitudes are explained inversely by SDO in both countries. These findings support the hypothesis that intergroup dynamics between both countries have been marked by expressed actions of a Chilean expansionism versus a Peruvian vengefulness and suggest that equalitarianism will promote attitudes toward respect and cooperation between both groups, changing the frames of expansionism and vengefulness for one of a culture of peace.
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Kaspar, Annette, Sione Pifeleti und Carlie Driscoll. „Knowledge and attitudes of university health students in the Pacific Islands towards childhood hearing loss and hearing services: a Samoan survey study protocol“. BMJ Paediatrics Open 5, Nr. 1 (März 2021): e000998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjpo-2020-000998.
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IntroductionThe Pacific Islands have among the highest rates of ear disease and hearing loss in the world, especially among children. Given that Ear, Nose and Throat (ENT)/audiology specialists are limited in the region, the successful implementation of ear and hearing health services will depend on the participation and support of the wider community of health professionals. There are currently no studies from the Pacific Islands investigating the knowledge and attitudes of either health students or health professionals towards childhood hearing loss and hearing services.Methods and analysisSurvey of medical and nursing students (n=370) currently enrolled at the National University of Samoa. Students will independently and anonymously complete a 10-item questionnaire. The questions assess attitudes to childhood hearing loss (two questions), knowledge of aetiology of childhood hearing loss (three questions), and knowledge of identification and interventions for children with hearing loss (five questions). Responses are based on a 5-point Likert scale (Strongly agree/Agree/Neutral/Disagree/Strongly disagree).Discussion/conclusionWe publish these protocols to facilitate similar studies in other low-income and middle-income countries, and especially among our Pacific Island neighbours.
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Mcmichael, Donald. „Social education: museums and attitude change in the Pacific“. Museum International 42, Nr. 1 (März 1990): 31–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0033.1990.tb00829.x.
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Chung-Do, Jane J., Deborah A. Goebert, Fumiaki Hamagani, Janice Y. Chang und Earl S. Hishinuma. „Understanding the Role of School Connectedness and Its Association With Violent Attitudes and Behaviors Among an Ethnically Diverse Sample of Youth“. Journal of Interpersonal Violence 32, Nr. 9 (11.06.2015): 1421–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0886260515588923.
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Interpersonal youth violence is a growing public health concern in the United States. Having a high sense of school connectedness has been found to be a protective factor for youth violence. A high school course that aims to enhance school connectedness was developed and evaluated to investigate the students’ sense of school connectedness and its association with violent attitudes and behaviors. Survey data from 598 students from a predominately Asian and Pacific Islander student body were analyzed to assess their level of school connectedness and violent attitudes and behaviors. Analysis of Variance was used to identify differences in the school connectedness and violence scores related to students’ demographic characteristics. The role of school connectedness in the relationship between student demographic characteristics and violent attitudes and behaviors was examined with structural equation modeling. Overall, students reported a moderately high sense of school connectedness. School connectedness was found to be negatively associated with violent attitudes but not self-reported violent behaviors. Multiple-group analyses were conducted across the ethnic groups, which found differential associations between the school connectedness and violence variables. These results highlight the value of disaggregating the Asian and Pacific Islander category and the need for future research to further contextualize and clarify the relationship between school connectedness and interpersonal youth violence. This will help inform the development of evidence-based strategies and prevention programming that focus on school connectedness to address disparities in interpersonal youth violence outcomes.
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Cummings, Lorne S., und James Guthrie. „Managerial Attitudes Toward Stakeholder Salience Within Selected Western Pacific-Rim Economies“. Journal of Asia-Pacific Business 8, Nr. 1 (22.03.2007): 7–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j098v08n01_03.
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Inkelas, Karen Kurotsuchi. „Diversity's Missing Minority: Asian Pacific American Undergraduates' Attitudes toward Affirmative Action“. Journal of Higher Education 74, Nr. 6 (November 2003): 601–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00221546.2003.11780861.
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Cummings, Lorne S. „Managerial Attitudes Toward Stakeholder Salience Within Selected Western Pacific-Rim Economies“. Proceedings of the International Association for Business and Society 14 (2003): 335–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/iabsproc20031441.
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Pasi, Fahina, Ivoni Nash, Sione Kaisa Lui, Richard Bullough, William Stinner, Carol Rasmussen und Brenda Ralls. „P-188 Assessing attitudes towards diabetes prevention among Utah Pacific Islanders“. Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice 79 (Februar 2008): S123—S124. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0168-8227(08)70956-2.
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Thang, Nguyen Cong, Vo The Anh, Pham Ngoc Thach, Do Thanh Trung und Vo Hong Duc. „Gender-Based Attitudes toward Income Inequality in the Asia-Pacific Region“. Emerging Markets Finance and Trade 57, Nr. 1 (31.01.2019): 123–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1540496x.2018.1562894.
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Inkelas, Karen Kurotsuchi. „Diversity's Missing Minority: Asian Pacific American Undergraduates' Attitudes Toward Affirmative Action“. Journal of Higher Education 74, Nr. 6 (2003): 601–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/jhe.2003.0044.
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Kuznetsov, Denis Andreevich, und Grigorii Andreevich Grachevskii. „The concept of "Indo-Pacifica" in the context of international region building“. Мировая политика, Nr. 1 (Januar 2022): 93–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.25136/2409-8671.2022.1.37605.
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The article examines the concept of Indo-Pacifica as a functional international political region in the process of formation. Based on the concept of regional construction by I. Neumann, an attempt is made to identify the main actors interested in its creation, the ratio of their interests. States continue to put forward their own interpretations and visions of what Indo-Pacifica should include both in terms of geographical boundaries and in terms of its "ideological" content, norms and rules of conduct within its prospective boundaries. The purpose of the article is to determine the correlation of interests, motivation of the actors involved and to identify groups of approaches, as well as prospects for their implementation. With the help of a discourse analysis of the approaches of different countries, their characteristic features are highlighted, on the basis of which the approaches are divided into two groups - exclusive and inclusive. The evolution of the discourse around Indo-Pacifica is shown, which is connected with the evolution of the concept itself. A change in the position of some of the actors from a neutral/negative attitude to a willingness to support a new concept was revealed. The correlation of cooperation and competition in the "under construction" region is assessed. Internal and external factors of Indo-Pacifica formation are determined. The role of identity is assessed. Politically motivated confrontation and competition of projects is an integral part of regional construction in the Indo-Pacific region. Currently, within its potential borders, there is a struggle between the approaches of various States, which are thus trying to reorient the region to achieve their goals. The practical content, i.e. the nature of the international political processes taking place in the region, will also depend on which vision will eventually become dominant. The world-political significance of the ITR concept for Russia is assessed, as well as its prospects in general.
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Kapeli, Sarah Ann. „A latent profile analysis of Pacific health values“. Pacific Health Dialog 21, Nr. 8 (30.12.2021): 531–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.26635/phd.2021.148.
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Introduction: Pacific health models that centre Pacific values, can serve as a tool to address Pacific disparities in healthcare. In this study, we broadly draw upon the health concepts of these models to determine how Pacific values are translate across Pacific health and wellbeing. Methods: Using data from the New Zealand Attitudes and Values Study, we identified proxy indicators of common Pacific values. With these proxy indicators we developed a LP Latent Profile Analysis A to uncover subgroups of Pacific peoples based on their orientation towards each proxy indicator and their association with psychological distress. Findings: We identified four subgroups of Pacific peoples: (1) 65% of Pacific peoples identified strongly with Pacific values with low associated psychological distress (2) 18% of Pacific peoples identified moderately with Pacific values with medium associated psychological distress (3) 5% of Pacific peoples identified less with Pacific values with low associated psychological distress (4) 12% of Pacific peoples identified ambivalent with Pacific values with high associated psychological distress. Conclusions: These results suggest that Pacific values and the utility of Pacific health models are an appropriate way of framing health and wellbeing for a vast majority of our Pacific population. However, we also need to recognise the incredible diversity among our Pacific community and be understanding and accommodating of the diverse ways that Pacific peoples can express what they consider valuable.
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Lee, Heeuk D., Peter A. Collins, Ming-Li Hsieh, Francis D. Boateng und David Brody. „Officer attitudes toward citizen review and professional accountability“. International Journal of Police Science & Management 19, Nr. 2 (28.03.2017): 63–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1461355717695320.
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The practice of citizen review has developed as one method for improving the accountability of law enforcement officers to the general public and to their respective criminal justice organizations. However, little information is available regarding officers’ general perceptions of the citizen review process, as well as the perceptions of those officers who have actually been subject to formal review. This study provides analysis of data collected via a survey of commissioned officers in a large metropolitan police department in the Pacific Northwest. Their attitudes and perceptions of their professional and civilian oversight board, the Offices of Professional Accountability (OPA), were measured, and this study found that police officers with a deeper understating of the OPA system were more willing to report misconduct. Also, police officers who possess higher satisfaction attitudes toward the OPA were more likely to report grievances to it.
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Brown, S. J., B. N. Sharma, L. Wakeling, M. Naiker, S. Chandra, R. D. Gopalan und V. B. Bilimoria. „Quantifying attitude to chemistry in students at the University of the South Pacific“. Chem. Educ. Res. Pract. 15, Nr. 2 (2014): 184–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c3rp00155e.
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The attitude towards the study of chemistry for new entrant chemistry students from a multi-national, regional, tertiary educational institution in the South Pacific was investigated using a purpose-designed diagnostic instrument. The Attitude toward the Study of Chemistry Inventory (ASCI) was used to quantify attitude in a cohort of first year undergraduate (n = 144) and foundation (n = 108) chemistry students. A similar, generally positive attitude to the study of chemistry was shown by both groups of students. Exploratory factor analysis using principle axis factoring and direct oblimin rotation was used to identify factors within the pooled data. Three factors accounted for more than 50% of the total variance, while Cronbach's alpha values for the factors 1, 2 and 3 were 0.92, 0.68 and 0.78, respectively. Factors 1 and 2 were consistent with known constructs of attitude, namely affective (factor 1) and cognitive (factor 2). However, the other factor (3) identified in this study was designated “Value”, which may reflect the students' choice of chemistry as a career path. ASCI may be a suitable tool for monitoring students' attitude throughout a degree and also to monitor the impact of novel approaches for teaching chemistry and engaging students.
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Willie, Tiara C., Marina Katague, Nafisa Halim und Jhumka Gupta. „Latent classes of men’s intimate partner violence perpetration and attitudes towards gender norms: A UN multi-country, cross-sectional study in Asia and the Pacific“. PLOS ONE 17, Nr. 9 (26.09.2022): e0264156. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0264156.
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Objective To examine distinct patterns of IPV perpetration and examined gender equitable attitudes as a correlate of these patterns among men from six countries in Asia and the Pacific. Design 2011–12 UN Multi-country Study on Men and Violence cross-sectional study. Setting Households in Bangladesh, Cambodia, China, Indonesia, Sri Lanka and Papua New Guinea. Participants 10,178 men aged 18–49 years residing in Bangladesh, Cambodia, China, Indonesia, Sri Lanka and Papua New Guinea. Primary outcomes measure Our primary outcome was distinct patterns of IPV perpetration which were derived from multilevel latent class analyses. Results The odds of being assigned to the Low All Forms of IPV Perpetration class than the High All Forms of IPV Perpetration class was lower for men in the middle tertile group than men in the high tertile group for gender equitable attitudes. The odds of being assigned to the High Emotional IPV Perpetration class than the High All Forms of IPV Perpetration class was greater for men in the low tertile group than men in the high tertile group for gender equitable attitudes. The odds of being assigned to the High Physical/Emotional/Economic IPV Perpetration class than the High All Forms of IPV Perpetration class was lower for men in the low tertile group than men in the high tertile group for gender equitable attitudes. Conclusions Gender transformative interventions that use an adaptive, personalized approach to men’s typology of IPV perpetration may be beneficial to reduce violence against for women in the Asia-Pacific region.
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Kaspar, Annette, Sione Pifeleti, Penaia A. Faumuina, Obiga Newton und Carlie Driscoll. „Ethical issues for large-scale hearing aid donation programmes to the Pacific Islands: a Samoan perspective“. Journal of Medical Ethics 46, Nr. 10 (26.08.2020): 710–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/medethics-2020-106560.
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The Pacific Islands are estimated to have among the highest global burdens of hearing loss, however, hearing health services are limited throughout this region. The provision of hearing aid is desirable, but should be delivered in accordance with WHO recommendations of appropriate and locally sustainable services. Large-scale hearing aid donation programmes to the Pacific Islands raise ethical questions that challenge these recommendations.The aim of this paper is to consider the ethical implications of large-scale hearing aid donation programmes to Samoa, a nation of the Pacific Islands. Evaluation of both ‘Western’ and ‘Pacific Island’ perspectives reveals important cross-cultural differences regarding attitudes to donation programmes. We attempt to offer possible solutions that satisfy both ethical frameworks, and which should enable us to deliver an effective hearing health service for Samoa. These solutions may be translational and benefit other Pacific Island nations in a similar context.
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Novelina, Selly Stefany, und Qanszelir Gabriel Bataranotti. „ATTITUDES AND ACTIONS OF INDO-PACIFIC TOWARDS SEA PIRACY [SIKAP DAN AKSI DARI INDO-PASIFIK TERHADAP PEMBAJAKAN DI LAUT]“. Verity: Jurnal Ilmiah Hubungan Internasional (International Relations Journal) 13, Nr. 25 (17.06.2021): 74. http://dx.doi.org/10.19166/verity.v13i25.4470.
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<p><span>Nowadays, Indo-Pacific becomes one prominent area that has been talked about in the international world. Indo-Pacific has the potential to be a huge regional power. Furthermore, Indo-Pacific has an advantage in terms of strategic maritime zones spreading along the projected area because these zones are the main transit ways of international trade. Being as an international trade route makes Indo-Pacific vulnerable to irresponsible crimes such as sea piracy. Sea piracy cases are rising continuously up to 2.600 cases in the world. Therefore, this issues are very important to discuss and this research comes up with two main questions. First, how will Indo-Pacific behave to face the growing problems of sea piracy? Second, what are the actions that have been and will be implemented by the Indo-Pacific as the result of their attitudes towards sea piracy? To answer those questions, the writers use Neo-Realism theory and two key concepts namely anarchy and balance of power. This research is using qualitative method as the main methodology and focus in study case. The results of this research are there are three points regarding the attitudes and four points regarding the actions of the Indo-Pacific towards sea piracy. There is an unlimited range of options that Indo-Pacific can conduct in terms of sea piracy. Also, there should be an agreement in the international world that sea piracy is a global threat, including the Indo-Pacific.</span></p><p><span><br /></span></p><p><strong>Bahasa Indonesia Abstract:</strong> Saat ini, Indo-Pasifik menjadi salah satu kawasan terkemuka yang dibicarakan di dunia internasional. Indo-Pasifik memiliki potensi untuk menjadi kekuatan regional yang besar. Lebih lanjut, Indo-Pasifik memiliki keunggulan dalam hal zona maritim strategis yang tersebar di sepanjang wilayah proyeksi karena zona tersebut merupakan jalur transit utama perdagangan internasional. Jalur strategis dalam perdagangan internasional membuat Indo-Pasifik rentan terhadap kejahatan yang tidak bertanggung jawab seperti pembajakan laut. Kasus pembajakan laut terus meningkat hingga 2.600 kasus di dunia. Oleh karena itu, masalah ini sangat penting untuk dibahas dan penelitian ini muncul dengan dua pertanyaan utama. Pertama, bagaimana sikap Indo-Pasifik menghadapi masalah pembajakan laut yang terus meningkat? Kedua, tindakan apa yang telah dan akan dilakukan Indo-Pasifik sebagai akibat dari sikap mereka terhadap pembajakan laut? Untuk menjawab pertanyaan tersebut, penulis menggunakan teori Neo-Realisme dan dua konsep kunci yaitu anarki dan keseimbangan kekuasaan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif sebagai metodologi utama dan fokus dalam studi kasus. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah terdapat tiga poin mengenai sikap dan empat poin mengenai tindakan Indo-Pasifik terhadap pembajakan laut. Ada pilihan tak terbatas yang dapat dilakukan Indo-Pasifik dalam hal pembajakan laut. Selain itu, harus ada kesepakatan di dunia internasional bahwa pembajakan laut merupakan ancaman global, termasuk Indo-Pasifik.</p>