Dissertationen zum Thema „Oxyde de lanthane (La2O3)“
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Abbadi, Meryem. „Synthèse et caractérisation de solutions solides ZnO/CeO2 et CeO2/La2O3/ZnO pour la minéralisation photocatalytique du diclofénac de sodium en solution aqueuse“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Strasbourg, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024STRAF019.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe presence of pharmaceutical residues in aquatic environments is a major concern. Among these, diclofenac sodium is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug detected in wastewater. Among the methods of water treatment, heterogeneous photo catalysis constitutes an effective and promising method. Compared to TiO2, widely used in photo catalysis, ZnO is an alternative, which presents an interesting photocatalytic activity under UV irradiation. However, its photocatalytic activity is attenuated by faster charge recombination and poor separation of electron-hole pairs under visible irradiation, and its sensitivity to photo-corrosion limits its ability to mineralize recalcitrant pollutants under UV-visible radiation. In order to improve the photocatalytic activity of ZnO in the visible region, its association with metallic species is very attractive. For this, we opted for cerium oxide CeO 2 considered a good electron acceptor and an excellent oxygen storage medium apart from its great thermal stability and non-toxicity. Ce1-xZnxO2-x materials were prepared by soft-chemistry in the presence of citric acid, and characterized by various techniques. The insertion of cerium generates oxygen vacancies and active sites responsible for better photocatalytic mineralization of diclofenac under visible light. Then, we synthesized CeO2/La2O3/ZnO ternary compounds and their photocatalytic activity was tested under solar irradiation for the degradation of diclofenac. The results showed that the addition of lanthanum to the Ce1-xZnxO2-x solid solution further improves the photocatalytic mineralization of diclofenac in water
Blech, Vincent. „Analyse corrélée du plasma de pulvérisation et des films minces de La2O3 et de RuO2 pour les futurs transistors MOSFET“. Paris 11, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA112040.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn order to increase the calculation power and speed of integrated circuits, semiconductor industry has continuously scaled down its elementary components: the field effect transistors, so called MOSFETs. Such scaling down leads to a fundamental limitation: for a SiO2 gate dielectric thinner than 2 nm, high direct tunnel current appears to dramatically alter the behaviour of the transistor. To solve this problem, high dielectric constant (high-K, i. E. K > 15) dielectrics are needed. We studied the physical and electrical properties of La203 (K~30) thin films deposited by magnetron sputtering, in order to evaluate its compatibility with the industrial process of MOSFETs fabrication. This material is highly reactive with water molecules in air and, as a consequence, must be capped; such process could be achieved with Ru or ZrO2 cap layers. On the other hand, the use of the La2O3 sputtering target was also made complicated by its chemical instability. Thus, we studied a "pre-sputtering" process which allows obtaining reproducible thin films. The second part of this thesis is about ruthenium oxide RuO2, which was used as the metal gate electrode in metal-insulator- semiconductor structures, in order to study the electrical properties of La2O3 thin films. Since RuO2 thin films are deposited by reactive (Ar + O2) sputtering, we studied both properties of the plasma (with optical emission spectroscopy, or OES) and properties of thin films, as a function of O2 flux. The correlation of both measurements allows understanding the mechanisms of RuO2 growth in oxidizing atmosphere, as well as controlling the deposition process with OES, a non expensive, fast and in-situ technique. Moreover, the electrical characterization of Si/La2O3/RuO2 structures, capped with a ZrO2 film, show a dielectric constant of ~20 for La2O3, and leakage currents of 10^-6 A. Cm^-2 (at gate voltage = 1V) for a 4. 5 nm La2O3 film (which corresponds to an equivalent SiO2 thickness of 3 nm). To conclude, interface states density and fixed charge density in the dielectric film have also been estimated
Klettlinger, Jennifer Lindsey Suder. „Fischer-Tropsch Cobalt Catalyst Improvements with the Presence of TiO2, La2O3, and ZrO2 on an Alumina Support“. University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1333981467.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLacombe, Sylvie. „Etude mécanistique du couplage oxydant du méthane sur oxyde de lanthane“. Lyon 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993LYO10276.
Der volle Inhalt der QuellePetitjean, Marie. „Propriétés et réactivité de ferromanganites de lanthane strontium, cathodes de piles à combustible SOFC“. Dijon, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003DIJOS057.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleFlandre, Xavier. „Nouvelles électrodes pour pile à combustible à oxyde solide et électrolyseur à haute température“. Thesis, Lille 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LIL10182/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn the current context, fossil energy resources decrease and become more expensive, in addition to environmental concern. In this frame, solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) are a promising green alternative energy source. Reversibly used, this system can also allow storage of electricity produced intermittently through the electrolysis of water. However, several bottlenecks still remain in terms of performances and stability of materials currently used to improve their lifetime and decrease their working temperature. In this doctoral thesis, our contribution focused on two cathode materials for SOFCs, Ba2Co9O14 and Ca3Co4O9+δ, and compounds derived from La4Ti2O10 which may be relevant as anode material. Our study mainly focused on the understanding of the physicochemical mechanisms involved in these materials by using impedance spectroscopy. For cobaltites, this study has led to the identification of the limiting parameters and will help the future optimization of complete stacks with better performances. For the La4Ti2O10 derived phases with the cuspidine structure, a neutron scattering study confirmed the oxygen diffusion mechanisms in these materials. However, their conductivity and catalytic properties remain insufficient to hope to use these compounds as SOFC’s anode, unlike other lanthanum titanates which display a layered perovskite structure
Guillot, Stéphanie. „Étude des paramètres principaux gouvernant les propriétés de conduction dans les apatites, électrolytes pour piles SOFC“. Thesis, Lille 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LIL10052/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis work is devoted to the elaboration and the characterisation of apatite type lanthanum silicates as new electrolyte for SOFC fuel cells. Apatite powders and dense ceramics with different oxygen stoichiometries and compositions (substitutions) were prepared by high temperature solid state reaction. Whatever the composition, we can conclude that the key parameter which governs the conduction properties is the oxygen stoichiometry. The conductivity reaches 1.7 x 10-2 S.cm-1 at 700°C for the La10Si5,5Mg0,5O26,5 composition. By combining Raman spectroscopy, NMR and neutron diffraction, an oxide ion conduction mechanism was deduced. The existence of an interstitial site located at (-0.01, 0.04, 0.06) was confirmed. This allows to proposed a realistic oxygen diffusion pathway through this interstitial site along the c axis. Moreover, this mechanism seems to be facilitated by the displacement of tetrahedral located at the periphery of the oxide channels
Bertrand, Gregory. „Films minces de manganites de lanthane (LaxMnyO 3 + δ) sur zircone yttriée ((100)YSZ) comme modèle de demi-pile à combustible à oxydes solides (SOFC) : élaboration par LP-MOCVD et propriétés interfaciales“. Dijon, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000DIJOS036.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLauret, Hervé. „Propriétés électriques et électrochimiques de manganites de lanthane dopées comme matériau de cathode pour pile à combustible à oxyde électrolyte solide“. Grenoble INPG, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994INPG0053.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBlanck, Dimitri. „Modélisation de la structure et de la réactivité de la pérovskite LaFeO3 dopée“. Thesis, Lille 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LIL10166/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuellePollution control of exhaust gases from gasoline vehicles is operated by three-way catalysis (TWC). This term refers to the combination of three reactions: the oxidation of CO to CO2, the combustion of unburned hydrocarbons and NOx reduction. Actually three-way catalysts are made of noble metal nanoparticles (Pt, Rh, Pd ...) deposed on an oxide support. Due to their high and fluctuating price numerous study are trying to limit their use. One possibility are perovskites which are used since the mid-70s in catalysis as support. These materials have also been a recent revival of interest as a carrier or as the active phase to the extent that their structural properties reduce the amounts of noble metals by limiting the aggregation of the metal nanoparticles. In the case of three-way catalysis, the redox intrinsic iron capabilities make the perovskite LaFeO3 (LFO) an interesting candidate for the reduction of NOx and oxidation of CO. To date, the reaction mechanisms, as well as the active sites of the catalyst are unknown. It is important to highlight them for rational improvement activities and selectivity of the catalysts 3 new generation pathways. In this study we sought to determine the reaction mechanism on perovskite. At first we tried to study the surface condition of the perovskite in the presence of water and determine these surfaces. Then we calculated the thermochemistry of a set of elementary reaction on surfaces to finally proposed possible reaction mechanism of NO reduction and CO oxidation. After determining transition states we sought to optimize the formulation of the perovskite by doping transition metal surfaces
Guillot, Stéphanie. „Étude des paramètres principaux gouvernant les propriétés de conduction dans les apatites, électrolytes pour piles SOFC“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Lille 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LIL10052.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis work is devoted to the elaboration and the characterisation of apatite type lanthanum silicates as new electrolyte for SOFC fuel cells. Apatite powders and dense ceramics with different oxygen stoichiometries and compositions (substitutions) were prepared by high temperature solid state reaction. Whatever the composition, we can conclude that the key parameter which governs the conduction properties is the oxygen stoichiometry. The conductivity reaches 1.7 x 10-2 S.cm-1 at 700°C for the La10Si5,5Mg0,5O26,5 composition. By combining Raman spectroscopy, NMR and neutron diffraction, an oxide ion conduction mechanism was deduced. The existence of an interstitial site located at (-0.01, 0.04, 0.06) was confirmed. This allows to proposed a realistic oxygen diffusion pathway through this interstitial site along the c axis. Moreover, this mechanism seems to be facilitated by the displacement of tetrahedral located at the periphery of the oxide channels
Dru, Sophie. „Mise en forme de silicates de lanthane par projection plasma pour les piles à combustible à oxyde solide fonctionnant à température intermédiaire“. Thesis, Orléans, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010ORLE2034/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis study deals with the elaboration by atmospheric plasma spraying process and the characterization of La9Sr1Si6O26,5 lanthanum silicates electrolyte for SOFC cell working at intermediate temperature (700 °C). In a first step, this work has been devoted to choose the plasma spraying conditions to elaborate dense apatite coatings, fundamental characteristic of an electrolyte. It has been observed that the use of plasma mixture with high enthalpy and thermal conductivity, as well as low gas flow rate, favours dense apatite coatings formation. However, to ensure a sufficient density of the coating while keeping their composition, it is necessary to add a sintering step. The two sintering techniques tested (conventional sintering and Spark Plasma Sintering) have leaded to the coatings crystallization and densification, thus permitted to improve their electrochemical properties. Particularly, a high ionic conductivity increase has been observed for sintered coatings elaborated with high power plasma spraying conditions. The ionic conductivity reaches 1.3.10-3 de Ω-1.cm-1 at 700 °C. In a second step, (La2, Nd2 et Pr2)NiO4+δ type nickelates materials have been studied as cathode. Their compatibility with apatite electrolyte was demonstrated and their sintering temperature was optimized in order to obtain sufficiently porous microstructure. The best electrochemical results were reached with Pr2NiO4+δ cathodes sintered at 1100 °C presenting a 0.2 Ω.cm2 ASR (Area-Specific Resistivity) at 700 °C
Boujamaa, Rachid. „Caractérisations physico-chimiques et électriques d’empilements de couches d’oxyde à forte permittivité (high-k) / grille métallique pour l’ajustement du travail effectif de la grille : application aux nouvelles générations de transistors“. Thesis, Grenoble, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013GRENT100.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis thesis is part of the development of CMOS technologies 32/28nm STMicroelectronics. It focuses on the study of stacks of metal / high-k dielectric prepared by an integration strategy Gate First , where the couple TiN / HfSiON gate is introduced with an interfacial layer SiON and encapsulation of TiN gate polysilicon by . The study was mainly focused on the analysis of interactions between the various layers forming the stacks , in particular lanthanum and aluminum additives , used for modulating the threshold voltage Vth of the PMOS and NMOS transistors respectively . The physico-chemical analyzes in this work helped to highlight the depth distribution of the elements La and Al through the HfSiON gate dielectric under the influence of dopant activation annealing at 1065 ° C. The results obtained showed that this diffusion process causes a reaction of lanthanum and aluminum with the interfacial layer of SiON to form a stable silicate La ( or Al ) SiO benefit of the SiON layer . The analysis of electrical properties of MOS structures revealed that the presence of the atoms near the Al or HfSiON / SiON interface leads to the presence of a dipole generated at this interface , which has the effect of shifting actual output work of the metal gate
Combemale, Lionel. „Elaboration et réactivité interfaciale d'oxydes pérovskites à base de Lanthane Strontium Chrome Ruthénium (LSCrRu) comme composés d'anode de piles à combustible à température intermédiaire (ITSOFC)“. Dijon, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005DIJOS052.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleNew data on the interest of ruthenium doped lanthanum strontium chromite La1-xSrxCr1-yRuyO3δ (LSCrRu) as anode in ITSOFC are presented. Microwave synthesis of mixed oxides allowed shaping of half-cells and complete cells using sputtering and screen printing methods. LSCrRu methane reforming property had been studied in a mono-chamber system coupled with a mass spectrometer in collaboration with Institut de REcherche Hydro-Québec. Anode/electrolyte interfacial reactivity had been analysed using SIMS and XRD on half cells models after ageing under H2 at 800°C. This experiment gave the chemical composition of the film after treatment. Complete cells, tested under working conditions, highlighted, after selective dissolution of LSCrRu film, a microstructure modification at anode/electrolyte interface. XPS and SEM-EDX techniques did not show chemical reactivity
Wattiaux, Alain. „Étude du comportement électrocatalytique relatif au dégagement de l'oxygène des perovskites non-stœchiométriques La₁-ₓSrₓFe₁-zCozO₃-y“. Bordeaux 1, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985BOR10638.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleKehal, Ibtissam. „Développement et caractérisation de nouveaux matériaux d’électrodes pour pile à combustible à oxyde solide (SOFC) : des titanates de lanthane de structure cuspidine aux cobaltites“. Thesis, Lille 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LIL10005/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn the current energy context, solid oxide fuel cells hold great promise as an alternative energy source for electricity generation. However, bottlenecks remain to improve their sustainability, particularly in terms of electrode materials. This work focused on the characterization of new anode and cathode materials. The partial substitution of titanium by vanadium in the lanthanum titanate La4Ti2O10 of cuspidine structure has led to promising anode materials with Aera Specific Resistance (ASR) of the order of 0.2 W.cm2 at 750 ° C under hydrogen. At the cathode, our research has focused on two types of cobaltites: a perovskite Ba1-xCo0,9Fe0,2Nb0,1O3-d with x = 0 and 0.1 and an innovative material Ba2Co9O14. In either case, after optimization of the microstructure of the electrodes, ASR less than 0.1 W.cm2 at 700 ° C were obtained
Kehal, Ibtissam. „Développement et caractérisation de nouveaux matériaux d’électrodes pour pile à combustible à oxyde solide (SOFC) : des titanates de lanthane de structure cuspidine aux cobaltites“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Lille 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LIL10005.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn the current energy context, solid oxide fuel cells hold great promise as an alternative energy source for electricity generation. However, bottlenecks remain to improve their sustainability, particularly in terms of electrode materials. This work focused on the characterization of new anode and cathode materials. The partial substitution of titanium by vanadium in the lanthanum titanate La4Ti2O10 of cuspidine structure has led to promising anode materials with Aera Specific Resistance (ASR) of the order of 0.2 W.cm2 at 750 ° C under hydrogen. At the cathode, our research has focused on two types of cobaltites: a perovskite Ba1-xCo0,9Fe0,2Nb0,1O3-d with x = 0 and 0.1 and an innovative material Ba2Co9O14. In either case, after optimization of the microstructure of the electrodes, ASR less than 0.1 W.cm2 at 700 ° C were obtained
Gao, Wei Liao Hanlin. „Synthèse et caractérisation de revêtements de silicates de lanthane de structure apatite élaborés par projection plasma dédiés aux piles à combustibles IT-SOFCs“. [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2008. http://artur.univ-fcomte.fr/ST/ELECTRO/these/gao_wei.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleGao, Wei. „Synthèse et caractérisation de revêtements de silicates de lanthane de structure apatite élaborés par projection plasma dédiés aux piles à combustibles IT-SOFCs“. Besançon, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008BESA2011.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn the field of electrical power generation, the development of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) is limited because of their high operationg temperatures. Twi solutions are generally considered to decrease the temperature: reducing the thickness of the conventional yttria-stabilised zirconia (YSZ) electrolyte and/or using the new materials. The second option seems the most exploitable because novel apatite-type silicates are attracting considerable interest as a new family of oxide-ion conductors with potential use in intermediate temperature between 500 and 800 °C. Among the many silicate ceramics that could be used for this application, lanthanum silicates are very promising candidates at the moment. The objective of this thesis is the synthesis and characterization of apatite-type lanthanum silicate (ATLS) as a novel electrotype dedicated to SOFC at intermediate temperature (IT-SOFC). In a first step, this work is to synthesize La10(SiO4)6O3 powders via a solid-state reaction. Particular emphasis is placed on optimizing executive protocols. The control of synthesis parameters (nature reagents, co-grinding, sintering temperatures and residence times, etc. ) can get the apatite phase in a sintering temperature between 1350 °c and 1650 °C. The calcined powders were used to prepare density coatings greater than 90 %. La10(SiO4)6O3 coatings were thermally deposited by conventional atmospheric plasma spraying (APS). The influence of projection parameters on the microstructure of coatings has been studied. The effects of porosity on the electrical properties were also discussed. Improving the ionic conductivity is based on controlling the properties of developed coatings. For example, several sets of samples to be controlled stoichiometry have been synthesized and characterized. This study has enabled us to establish a correlation between the microstructure and conduction properties of the ceramics
Cienfuegos, René Fabian Ansart Florence Castillo Simone. „Synthèse par voie sol-gel et mise en forme de couches épaisses de nickelates de lanthane applications comme cathodes de piles à combustible SOFC /“. Toulouse (Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse 3), 2008. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/233.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleCienfuegos, René Fabian. „Synthèse par voie sol-gel et mise en forme de couches épaisses de nickelates de lanthane : applications comme cathodes de piles à combustible SOFC“. Toulouse 3, 2008. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/233/.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis work focuses on the synthesis and elaboration of thin and thick layers of lanthanum nickelates (Ruddlesden-Popper phases) La2-xNiO4+d (x = 0, 0. 02) and La4Ni3O10. These mixed conducting materials (MIEC) are studied for their application as cathodes for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) operating at intermediate temperatures (700-800°C). They are prepared in the form of powders by sol-gel process and then incorporated into suspensions. In these suspensions, physico-chemical parameters have been optimized in order to ensure their stability. By dip-coating the substrate directly in the sol or in the suspension, followed by heat treatment, homogeneous and crack-free thin (100-200 nanometers) or thick (several microns) coatings respectively are prepared. In a second step, homogeneous or architectured thick multilayers were prepared, with or without interfacial thin layer. In this work, structural and microstructural characterization of the coatings are presented and discussed. Electrochemical tests of selected architectures were then used to valid performances of these promising structured cathodes
RAMIREZ-SALGADO, JOEL. „Contribution à l'étude des électrodes à gaz dans un capteur potentiométrique à CO2 de deuxième espèce“. Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001GRE10113.
Der volle Inhalt der QuellePajot, Martin. „Nouveaux matériaux à conduction mixte à basse température pour pile à combustible de type SOFC à base de bismuth“. Thesis, Lille 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LIL1R049.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn the current context of the energy mix, fuel cells are promising devices. They make it possible to generate electrical energy from a fuel by electrochemical reaction but also to produce just water as a by-product when hydrogen is used as fuel. Of the different types of fuel cells currently being developed, Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) offers the advantage of providing significant flexibility on the nature of the usable fuel (hydrogen, methane, methanol, etc.) as well as increased resistance to impurities (carbon monoxide, sulfur, ...) compared to other technologies. However, the disadvantage of this type of system is the too high operating temperature, typically above 700 °C, which generates constraints and durability problems. However, a recent study has shown that by using a bilayer electrolyte, formed of a stabilized bismuth oxide protected by a layer of doped ceria, it would be possible to lower the operating temperatures down to 350 °C. Nevertheless, for the development of this type of device, the identification of low cost cathode materials, compatible with bismuth oxide, remains bottleneck. The search for this type of material is the subject of this thesis work. For the electrolyte, with regard to the work carried out previously, erbium stabilized bismuth oxide of formulation (Bi2O3)0.75(Er2O3)0.25, called ESB in the manuscript, was chosen. After a bibliographic analysis of the work carried out on this type of cells, the elaboration of the electrolyte is described in the second chapter with an emphasis on the interest of grinding the oxides in acetone to allow a lowering of the sintering temperatures of the electrode materials on the electrolyte. In a second step, the study of lanthanum manganite La1-xSrxMnO3 (LSM) in composite with ESB was undertaken. While previous work focused on compositions x = 0.15 - 0.20, a wide range of compositions (x = 0.15, 0.30, 0.40, 0.50, 0.60 and 0.80) was considered. After having optimized the thickness of the electrode as well as the proportion between the two materials constituting the composite for the composition x = 0.20 (optimum thickness between 50 μm and 60 μm and optimal proportion of 50 % by weight of each constituent), ESB La1 xSrxMnO3|ESB|ESB-La1-xSrxMnO3 ESB symmetric cells were developed. At low temperature, the specific surface resistance is reduced by almost 50 % when a composite ESB La0.60Sr0.40MnO3 is used in comparison with a ESB-La0.85Sr0.15MnO3 composite, conventionally used at high temperature. Finally, in a third step, a large number of materials, chosen according to their structural parameters such as Ca3Co4O9, Bi2Ca2Co3O9 or Bi2Sr2Co2O9, or their electronic conduction properties such as Bi2Sr2-xLaxCuO6+δ for x = 1 and x = 0.40 or their mixed conduction property such as NaBi25Cr10O78 or Bi38Cr7O68 were tested. Although these studies are only at a preliminary stage, several compositions appear promising, in particular Bi2Ca3Co2O9 or else Bi14CrO24, decomposition product of Bi38Cr7O68 itself
Pajot, Martin. „Nouveaux matériaux à conduction mixte à basse température pour pile à combustible de type SOFC à base de bismuth“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lille (2018-2021), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LILUR049.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn the current context of the energy mix, fuel cells are promising devices. They make it possible to generate electrical energy from a fuel by electrochemical reaction but also to produce just water as a by-product when hydrogen is used as fuel. Of the different types of fuel cells currently being developed, Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) offers the advantage of providing significant flexibility on the nature of the usable fuel (hydrogen, methane, methanol, etc.) as well as increased resistance to impurities (carbon monoxide, sulfur, ...) compared to other technologies. However, the disadvantage of this type of system is the too high operating temperature, typically above 700 °C, which generates constraints and durability problems. However, a recent study has shown that by using a bilayer electrolyte, formed of a stabilized bismuth oxide protected by a layer of doped ceria, it would be possible to lower the operating temperatures down to 350 °C. Nevertheless, for the development of this type of device, the identification of low cost cathode materials, compatible with bismuth oxide, remains bottleneck. The search for this type of material is the subject of this thesis work. For the electrolyte, with regard to the work carried out previously, erbium stabilized bismuth oxide of formulation (Bi2O3)0.75(Er2O3)0.25, called ESB in the manuscript, was chosen. After a bibliographic analysis of the work carried out on this type of cells, the elaboration of the electrolyte is described in the second chapter with an emphasis on the interest of grinding the oxides in acetone to allow a lowering of the sintering temperatures of the electrode materials on the electrolyte. In a second step, the study of lanthanum manganite La1-xSrxMnO3 (LSM) in composite with ESB was undertaken. While previous work focused on compositions x = 0.15 - 0.20, a wide range of compositions (x = 0.15, 0.30, 0.40, 0.50, 0.60 and 0.80) was considered. After having optimized the thickness of the electrode as well as the proportion between the two materials constituting the composite for the composition x = 0.20 (optimum thickness between 50 μm and 60 μm and optimal proportion of 50 % by weight of each constituent), ESB La1 xSrxMnO3|ESB|ESB-La1-xSrxMnO3 ESB symmetric cells were developed. At low temperature, the specific surface resistance is reduced by almost 50 % when a composite ESB La0.60Sr0.40MnO3 is used in comparison with a ESB-La0.85Sr0.15MnO3 composite, conventionally used at high temperature. Finally, in a third step, a large number of materials, chosen according to their structural parameters such as Ca3Co4O9, Bi2Ca2Co3O9 or Bi2Sr2Co2O9, or their electronic conduction properties such as Bi2Sr2-xLaxCuO6+δ for x = 1 and x = 0.40 or their mixed conduction property such as NaBi25Cr10O78 or Bi38Cr7O68 were tested. Although these studies are only at a preliminary stage, several compositions appear promising, in particular Bi2Ca3Co2O9 or else Bi14CrO24, decomposition product of Bi38Cr7O68 itself
Ben, Salem Ezzedine. „Halogénation et propriétés structurales et supraconductrices des oxydes La2-xBaxCuO4 (phases de type T) et La1,8-xSmxSr0,2CuO4 (phases de type T, T* ou T')“. Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 1994. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00139979.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleOuzaouit, Khalid. „Matériaux bi-fonctionnels pour applications catalytiques et piézoélectriques, à base d'oxydes de cérium, de lanthane et de langasite“. Phd thesis, Université du Sud Toulon Var, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00257241.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleVu, Tuong-Dan. „Etude des diagrammes de phases ternaires La2O3 - Nb2O5 - (W/Mo)O3 et exploration des propriétés de conduction ionique“. Thesis, Le Mans, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LEMA1024/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLa2Mo2O9, the first compound in the LAMOX family, is interesting for its applications as electrolytes in fuel cells because it presents a high ionic conductivity. It was discovered during the investigation of La2O3 - MoO3phase diagram. That shows the important role of phase diagram study in the discovery of new materials which has become a major objective of many solid chemists.In this concept, two ternary phase diagrams of La2O3-Nb2O5-WO3 and La2O3-Nb2O5-MoO3 were explored and analyzed for the first time using the solid-state synthesis. The structures of the obtained samples were characterized by the powder X-ray and neutron diffraction and by the transmission electronic microscopy. Besides, their electric properties were tested by the complex impedance spectroscopy onsintered pellets.As results, most of the mono-, bi-, tri-phase zones in the title phase diagrams have been defined. Particularly, during the phase-diagram investigation, the structures of two new phases La3NbWO10 and La5NbMo2O16 were ab-initio resolved. Firstly, the La3NbWO10 cell is asuperstructure of a fluorine (2aF*2aF*2aF) with the lengthened c axis. Considering the La18Nb6W62O604(Z = 6) formulation, we can easily note that the structure presents 2 types of defaults: cationic and anionic vacancies. Secondly, the La5NbMo2O16 phase is isotype of Pr5Mo3O16 compound. Its cell is also a fluorine superstruture. It crystallized in a cubic system (a = 11.22Å) with the space group Pn n. The compound is promising because it presents an oxygen conductivity comparable to that of La2Mo2O9 at low temperature
Cahoreau, Amélie. „Trous d' électrons dans des oxydes de type cuprate supraconducteur. Etude cristallochimique d'une nouvelle famille d' oxyhalogènure de tellure et d' alcalinoterreux A3Te2O6X2 (A=Sr, Ba et X=Cl, Br“. Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 1996. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00150529.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSoudan, Patrick. „Etude des proprietes electrochimiques de nouveaux oxydes et bronzes de type m yv 2o 5 prepares par voie sol-gel et utilisables comme electrodes positives d'accumulateurs au lithium“. Paris 6, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA066625.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleFompeyrine, Jean. „Propriétés structurales et magnétiques de quelques phases dérivées de la perovskite dans les systèmes La-Ti-O et Ba(M,M') - F-Cl (M,M'élément 3 D)“. Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 1995. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00148927.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleVernoux, Philippe. „Reformage interne progressif du méthane dans les piles à combustible à oxyde électrolyte solide“. Grenoble INPG, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998INPG0155.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleFontaine, Marie-Laure. „Elaboration et caractérisation par le procédé sol-gel d'architectures d'électrodes de nickelates de lanthane sous forme de films minces (inférieurs à 1 micron) : application pile à combustible à oxyde solide fonctionnant à température intermédiaire“. Toulouse 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004TOU30175.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDarracq, Stéphane. „Contribution à l'étude des corrélations entre stoechiométrie, structure, liaison chimique et propriétes physico-chimiques de perovskites oxygénées renfermant un élément 3d a un degrè d'oxydation inusuel (Cu(III), Cu(IV), Fe(IV))“. Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 1993. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00136172.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMonroux, Christophe. „Etude en mode galvanostatique de l'intercalation-désintercalation électrochimique de l'oxygène dans le cuprate supraconducteur La2CuO4+delta“. Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 1996. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00150532.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSun, Fu. „Caractérisation de revêtements de silicate de lanthane de structure apatite dopé au magnésium réalisés par projection plasma en vue d'application comme électrolyte de pile à combustible de type IT-SOFC“. Phd thesis, Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00598644.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBarbe, Pascal. „Étude expérimentale de la réaction de couplage oxydant du méthane à l'aide d'un réacteur continu agité à surface catalytique variable“. Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993INPL104N.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleRinguedé, Armelle. „Cathode et réaction cathodique dans les piles à combustibles à oxyde électrolyte solide moyennes températures (S. O. F. C)“. Grenoble INPG, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999INPG0017.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLefebvre, Dominique. „Hexagallates de lanthanide pour matrices laser et substrats d'épitaxie : élaboration, étude cristallographique et spectroscopique“. Paris 6, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA066415.
Der volle Inhalt der QuellePugnat, Pierre. „Etude de l'irréversibilité et de l'anisotropie du vecteur aimantation des supraconducteurs à haute température critique“. Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995GRE10049.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAlouche, Adel. „Propriétés du nickel déposé sur oxydes de terre rare dans la réaction de conversion d'oxydes de carbone“. Poitiers, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988POIT2260.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleGong, Minhui. „Etude des électrodes sur batterie zinc-air“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Paris sciences et lettres, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021UPSLC024.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleZinc-air battery is becoming a potential alternative for lithium-ion battery owing to its resource stock advantage, high theoretical energy density, and low potential of safety risk. This work emphasizes the conventional issues involving both zinc and air electrode, aiming to application.For the zinc electrode, two homemade setups are used to study the zinc dendrite growth and hydrogen evolution during deposition with static and flowing electrolyte, respectively. It is found that high zincate concentration in electrolyte with 7 M KOH (>0.4 M ZnO) and flowing electrolyte are preferable for depressing dendrite growth. While flowing electrolyte would generate more hydrogen evolution. For the air electrode, a detailed cyclic voltametric investigation of the catalytic activity of lanthanum strontium manganese oxides (LSMO) towards oxygen reduction reaction is conducted. A new current normalization method is proposed for comparison of catalytic activity of the LSMOs. Zinc-air battery assembly is also tested, while remaining to be improved. Nevertheless, cost-effective PVDF-HFP is found to be a promising binder for air electrode formulation
Hammouche, Abderrezak. „Contribution à l'étude de La(1-x)Sr(x)MnO3 comme matériau d'électrode à oxygène à haute température“. Grenoble INPG, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989INPG0075.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMa, Yangzhou. „Modeling and development of new materials for fuel cells solid electrolyte“. Thesis, Belfort-Montbéliard, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BELF0286/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) defined by its ceramic and oxide electrolyte, is an electrochemical energy conversion device that produces electricity directly from the chemical reaction of fuel. Nowadays, apatite type rare earths silicates and germaniums attract many interests as the solid electrolyte due to the superior transport properties with high ionic conductivity and low activation energy. They can operate stably at intermediate temperature over a wide oxygen partial pressure range and maintain excellent performances, being considered as a candidate for IT-SOFC electrolytes. Among this series of conductors, the La-Si-O type has a higher conductivity and the performance would be modified by different doping elements.The objective of this thesis is to study the effects of element substitution/doping and synthesis methods on the structural and conductivity properties of apatite type lanthanum silicates. In this study, we use a double approach: a simulation approach and an experimental approach to optimize the electrolyte materials purity and performance.Using simulation approach, a first principle calculation based on DFT (Density Functional Theory) was carried out to investigate the effect on doping positions: Sr dopant at La position and Ge dopant at Si position. The calculation results give a connection to the ionic conductivity obtained by experiments.With experimental approach, we present the synthesis and characterization of Sr-doped La10Si6O27 (LSO) prepared through an optimized water-based sol-gel process. The results show that the ionic conductivity is thermally activated and values lies between 4.5×10-2 and 1×10-6 Scm-1 at 873 K as a function of the composition and powder preparation conditions
Omar, Abderrahim. „Contribution à l'étude des propriétés électromagnétitques des couches et multicouches supraconductrices à haute Tc : mesure d'impédance de surface par oscillateur à diode tunnel“. Grenoble 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993GRE10168.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSchwerdtfeger, Michael. „Elaboration et caractérisation de multicouches supraconductrices YBaCuO/LaSrCuO“. Grenoble 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993GRE10179.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAL-NEAMI, KADOM ANAM. „Mesure des sections efficaces de production des rayons x : :(l) des elements ::(56)ba, ::(57)la, ::(58)ce par des protons de 1 mev-3,5 mev“. Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988STR13172.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnguile, Jean-Jacques. „Ceramiques du systeme ln-si-o-n : influence du carbone sur les melanges oxydes de terres rares-nitrure de silicium traites a haute temperature“. Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987STR13048.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleGueritey, Nicolas. „Valorisation chimique du méthane par oxydation catalytique sélective“. Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996INPL034N.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMarinha, Daniel. „Nouvelles électrodes à architecture contrôlée pour piles à combustible à oxydes solides fonctionnant à température intermédiaire“. Grenoble INPG, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010INPG0110.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe goal of this thesis regards the preparation, microstructural and electrochemical characterization of tailored cathodes for intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cells in planar configuration. The objective is to decrease the cathode overpotential by facilitating the access of oxygen to larger surface areas, thus increasing the active cathode volume. In this sence, the microstructural optimization of a La0. 6Sr0. 4Co0. 2Fe0. 8O3-8 (LSCF) cathode, deposited onto gadolinia-doped ceria (CGO) electrolytes has been investigated. For film deposition, we have chosen to work with electrostatic spray deposition technique (ESD) which allows the preparation of original microstructures with potential interest for SOFC technologies. The performance of the LSCF films was characterized in detail by means of impedance spectroscopy measurements, as a function of temperature and oxygen partial pressure
Pignard, Stéphane. „Elaboration par MOCVD à injection, caractérisations structurale et physique de films d'oxydes magnétiques : hexaferrite BaFe12O19 et pérovskite à magnétorésistance géante La(1-x)MnO(3-delta)“. Grenoble INPG, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997INPG0189.
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