Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema „OWL (Organization)“
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1
O'Keefe, Lawrence P., Jonathan B. Levitt, Daniel C. Kiper, Robert M. Shapley und J. Anthony Movshon. „Functional Organization of Owl Monkey Lateral Geniculate Nucleus and Visual Cortex“. Journal of Neurophysiology 80, Nr. 2 (01.08.1998): 594–609. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1998.80.2.594.
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O'Keefe, Lawrence P., Jonathan B. Levitt, Daniel C. Kiper, Robert M. Shapley, and J. Anthony Movshon. Functional organization of owl monkey lateral geniculate nucleus and visual cortex. J. Neurophysiol. 80: 594–609, 1998. The nocturnal, New World owl monkey ( Aotus trivirgatus) has a rod-dominated retina containing only a single cone type, supporting only the most rudimentary color vision. However, it does have well-developed magnocellular (M) and parvocellular (P) retinostriate pathways and striate cortical architecture [as defined by the pattern of staining for the activity-dependent marker cytochrome oxidase (CO)] similar to that seen in diurnal primates. We recorded from single neurons in anesthetized, paralyzed owl monkeys using drifting, luminance-modulated sinusoidal gratings, comparing receptive field properties of M and P neurons in the lateral geniculate nucleus and in V1 neurons assigned to CO “blob,” “edge,” and “interblob” regions and across layers. Tested with achromatic stimuli, the receptive field properties of M and P neurons resembled those reported for other primates. The contrast sensitivity of P cells in the owl monkey was similar to that of P cells in the macaque, but the contrast sensitivities of M cells in the owl monkey were markedly lower than those in the macaque. We found no differences in eye dominance, orientation, or spatial frequency tuning, temporal frequency tuning, or contrast response for V1 neurons assigned to different CO compartments; we did find fewer direction-selective cells in blobs than in other compartments. We noticed laminar differences in some receptive field properties. Cells in the supragranular layers preferred higher spatial and lower temporal frequencies and had lower contrast sensitivity than did cells in the granular and infragranular layers. Our data suggest that the receptive field properties across functional compartments in V1 are quite homogeneous, inconsistent with the notion that CO blobs anatomically segregate signals from different functional “streams.”
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Xu, X. „Functional Organization of Visual Cortex in the Owl Monkey“. Journal of Neuroscience 24, Nr. 28 (14.07.2004): 6237–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1523/jneurosci.1144-04.2004.
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Malach, R. „Organization of intrinsic connections in owl monkey area MT“. Cerebral Cortex 7, Nr. 4 (01.06.1997): 386–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cercor/7.4.386.
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Sharma, Abhisek, und Sarika Jain. „Altering OWL Ontologies for Efficient Knowledge Organization on the Semantic Web“. International Journal of Information System Modeling and Design 13, Nr. 7 (20.10.2022): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijismd.313431.
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The increase in the number of users on the internet and the advancement in information technology have spiked the generation of information to an unprecedented level making information retrieval and web mining a difficult task. Semantic technologies can help improve the results of web mining by providing constructs that can help represent the web documents in a machine-understandable manner. To keep providing semantically rich services while keeping this surge in the amount of information in mind, we have to work towards ways to make the process of information management efficient while retaining its effectiveness. One of the ways to accomplish the above task is to improvise the knowledge organization in a manner that every piece of information is in its designated place. This paper discusses and addresses the problems with current knowledge organization methodologies and presents an algorithm to alter the available OWL ontologies. The authors were able to get a noticeable improvement in the amount of storage used by the ontology with fewer axioms without losing any information.
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García de la Chica, Alba, Eduardo Fernandez-Duque und Marcelo Rotundo. „The life of Fabian, an Azara’s owl monkey (Aotus azarae) of the Argentinean Chaco“. Behaviour 157, Nr. 12-13 (05.10.2020): 1113–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1568539x-bja10035.
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Abstract Species-life history patterns provide insights into the adaptative strategies and importance of social behaviours. The cathemeral activity pattern of Aotus azarae allowed researchers from the Owl Monkey Project of Formosa, Argentina, to witness remarkable life changing events over the complete lifespan of several individuals. Here we summarize the life of Fabian, a male owl monkey we followed from the moment he started searching for a mate until he died. Although still not consistently considered in models of social evolution of mammals, our discovery of a subpopulation of solitary owl monkey floaters forced us to rethink some aspects of their characteristic social organization and mating system. Through the life of Fabian we present some representative examples of the intrasexual competition regulating the social system of the members of this genus during the different stages in the life of individuals, while reporting the first case of extra-pair copulation in wild owl monkeys.
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Lyon, D. C., X. Xu, V. A. Casagrande, J. D. Stefansic, D. Shima und J. H. Kaas. „Optical imaging reveals retinotopic organization of dorsal V3 in New World owl monkeys“. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 99, Nr. 24 (19.11.2002): 15735–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.242600699.
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Sunde, Peter, und Mikkel S. Blstad. „A telemetry study of the social organization of a tawny owl (Strix aluco) population“. Journal of Zoology 263, Nr. 1 (Mai 2004): 65–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0952836904004881.
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McColgan, Thomas, Paula T. Kuokkanen, Catherine E. Carr und Richard Kempter. „Dynamics of synaptic extracellular field potentials in the nucleus laminaris of the barn owl“. Journal of Neurophysiology 121, Nr. 3 (01.03.2019): 1034–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00648.2017.
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Synaptic currents are frequently assumed to make a major contribution to the extracellular field potential (EFP). However, in any neuronal population, the explicit separation of synaptic sources from other contributions such as postsynaptic spikes remains a challenge. Here we take advantage of the simple organization of the barn owl nucleus laminaris (NL) in the auditory brain stem to isolate synaptic currents through the iontophoretic application of the α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA)-receptor antagonist 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-6-nitro-2,3-dioxo-benzo[ f]quinoxaline-7-sulfonamide (NBQX). Responses to auditory stimulation show that the temporal dynamics of the evoked synaptic contributions to the EFP are consistent with synaptic short-term depression (STD). The estimated time constants of an STD model fitted to the data are similar to the fast time constants reported from in vitro experiments in the chick. Overall, the putative synaptic EFPs in the barn owl NL are significant but small (<1% change of the variance by NBQX). This result supports the hypothesis that the EFP in NL is generated mainly by axonal spikes, in contrast to most other neuronal systems. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Synaptic currents are assumed to make a major contribution to the extracellular field potential in the brain, but it is hard to directly isolate these synaptic components. Here we take advantage of the simple organization of the barn owl nucleus laminaris in the auditory brain stem to isolate synaptic currents through the iontophoretic application of a synaptic blocker. We show that the responses are consistent with a simple model of short-term synaptic depression.
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Recanzone, Gregg H., Christoph E. Schreiner, Mitchell L. Sutter, Ralph E. Beitel und Michael M. Merzenich. „Functional organization of spectral receptive fields in the primary auditory cortex of the owl monkey“. Journal of Comparative Neurology 415, Nr. 4 (27.12.1999): 460–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1096-9861(19991227)415:4<460::aid-cne4>3.0.co;2-f.
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Jacobs, Francois, William Cain, Renxiang Lu und Amy Daugherty. „Case Study: Teaching with Industry (TWI) Using New Videoconferencing Technology and Innovative Classroom Setups“. Education Sciences 12, Nr. 2 (16.02.2022): 128. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/educsci12020128.
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This paper describes a case study of a novel teaching method where the “Teaching with Industry” (TWI) model–industry practitioners incorporated as co-instructors in a semester-long classroom setting–is enhanced by using new videoconferencing technologies such as Zoom and Meeting Owl Pro, and innovative classroom setups. This enhanced model was developed with the intent to bridge the gap between information acquired in the classroom and the skills and competencies required in the industry. The different teaching platforms not only facilitated the teaching when industry practitioners were/are not able to be physically present in the classroom, but also led to efficient organization of the different activities carried out in class. Results obtained from end-course surveys showed that students had a positive experience using Zoom and Meeting Owl Pro welcoming the opportunity to engage with industry practitioners and gain better understanding of the practical usefulness of the course.
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XU, XIANGMIN, A. B. BONDS und VIVIEN A. CASAGRANDE. „Modeling receptive-field structure of koniocellular, magnocellular, and parvocellular LGN cells in the owl monkey (Aotus trivigatus)“. Visual Neuroscience 19, Nr. 6 (November 2002): 703–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0952523802196027.
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Most cells in the retina and lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) of primates have a concentric center/surround receptive-field organization. Details of the relationship between center and surround often can be used to predict how cells respond to visual stimuli. Models of the receptive-field organization and center/surround relationships also are useful when comparing cell classes. In the present study, we used the difference-of-Gaussians (DOG) model to quantitatively examine and compare the receptive-field center/surround organization of koniocellular (K), magnocellular (M), and parvocellular (P) LGN cells of owl monkeys. We obtained estimates of receptive-field center size (rc) and center sensitivity (Kc), and surround size (rs), and surround sensitivity (Ks) from 62 K, M, and P LGN cells by fitting their spatial-frequency responses with a DOG function (Rodieck, 1965; Croner & Kaplan, 1995). The DOG function not only accounted for the responses of P and M cells, but also provided a good description of K-cell responses. We found that at matched eccentricities of less than 15 deg, K cells had the largest rc and rs among the three cell classes. K cells also had the lowest Kc and Ks.
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Stepniewska, Iwona, Todd M. Preuss und Jon H. Kaas. „Architectionis, somatotopic organization, and ipsilateral cortical connections of the primary motor area (M1) of owl monkeys“. Journal of Comparative Neurology 330, Nr. 2 (08.04.1993): 238–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cne.903300207.
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Parejo, Deseada, Jesús M. Avilés und Juan Rodríguez. „Alarm calls modulate the spatial structure of a breeding owl community“. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 279, Nr. 1736 (25.01.2012): 2135–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2011.2601.
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Animals should continuously assess the threat of predation. Alarm calls inform on predation risk and are often used as cues to shape behavioural responses in birds and mammals. Hitherto, however, the ecological consequences of alarm calls in terms of organization of animal communities have been neglected. Here, we show experimentally that calls of a resident nocturnal raptor, the little owl Athene noctua , triggered a response in terms of breeding habitat selection and investment in current reproduction in conspecifics and heterospecifics. Little owls preferred to settle in territories where calls of conspecifics, irrespective of their type (i.e. alarm versus contact calls), were broadcasted, indicating that either conspecific attraction exists or calls are interpreted as foreign calls, eliciting settlement as a mode of defence against competitors. Also, we found that little owls seemed to invest more in current reproduction in safe territories as revealed by conspecific calls. Innovatively, we reported that a second owl species, the migratory scops owl Otus scops , preferred to breed in safe territories as indicated by little owls' calls. These results evidence that the emission of alarm calls may have, apart from well-known behavioural effects, ecological consequences in natural communities by inducing species-specific biases in breeding habitat selection. This study demonstrates a previously unsuspected informative role of avian alarm calls which may modulate the spatial structure of species within communities.
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Perez-Caballero, David, Theodora Hatziioannou, Fengwen Zhang, Simone Cowan und Paul D. Bieniasz. „Restriction of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 by TRIM-CypA Occurs with Rapid Kinetics and Independently of Cytoplasmic Bodies, Ubiquitin, and Proteasome Activity“. Journal of Virology 79, Nr. 24 (15.12.2005): 15567–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.79.24.15567-15572.2005.
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ABSTRACT TRIM-CypA is an owl monkey-specific variant of the retrovirus restriction factor TRIM5α. Here, we exploit its modular domain organization and cyclosporine sensitivity to probe the kinetics and mechanism of TRIM5-mediated restriction. Time of addition/withdrawal experiments reveal that inhibition of incoming human immunodeficiency virus type 1 capsids by TRIM-CypA occurs within minutes of their delivery to the target cell cytoplasm. However, while TRIM-CypA restriction is partly dependent on a RING domain, restriction occurs independently of the ubiquitin/proteasome system. Moreover, tagged TRIM-CypA proteins can be fully active as restriction factors without forming cytoplasmic bodies.
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Rogushina, J. V. „Use of Ontology-based knowledge Organization Sysytems for WIKI Resources“. PROBLEMS IN PROGRAMMING, Nr. 1 (März 2022): 023–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/pp2022.01.023.
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The paper considers the theoretical foundations of knowledge organization systems (KOSs) in intelligent ontology-based applications. The aim of this study is to analyze the use of different types of KOSs to organize and improve the knowledge base of semantic Wiki resources that contain heterogeneous multimedia content of large volume and have a complex structure integrated knowledge from different domains. The dialects of the OWL ontology representation language and their expressiveness for representing special cases of ontologies used in KOSs are considered. The criteria for the classification of KOSs and sphere of their usage are analyzed. Formal model of ontology for semantic Wiki resource is proposed. This model is integrated with various implementing means for different types of relations between objects in the Semantic MediaWiki environment based on templates. Problems of access and retrieval of information in these resources and methods of their solving from the KOSs point of view are considered. The software implementation of the proposed approach with the example of the portal version of the Great Ukrainian Encyclopedia (e-VUE) is realized. The urgency of the problem intensifies by the need for national information resources in martial law situation, for which the determining factors of effective information processing are both the ability to obtain satisfaction of complex information needs and the relevance of the information obtained. This increases the importance of official government portals that integrate reliable data from various fields of knowledge and prevent possible misrepresentation (both accidental and malicious) of information in resources with open content generation.
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Zhu, Qi, und Wim Vanduffel. „Submillimeter fMRI reveals a layout of dorsal visual cortex in macaques, remarkably similar to New World monkeys“. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 116, Nr. 6 (23.01.2019): 2306–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1805561116.
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The macaque dorsal occipital cortex is generally thought to contain an elongated third visual area, V3d, extending along most of the rostral border of area V2. In contrast, our submillimeter retinotopic fMRI maps (0.6-mm isotropic voxels, achieved by implanted phased-array receive coils) consistently show three sectors anterior to V2d. The dorsal (mirror image) sector complies with the traditional V3d definition, and the middle (nonmirror image) sector with V3A. The ventral (mirror image) sector bends away from V2d, as does the ventrolateral posterior area (VLP) in marmosets and the dorsolateral posterior area (DLP) in owl monkeys, and represents the entire contralateral hemifield as V3A does. Its population-receptive field size, however, suggests that this ventral sector is another area at the same hierarchical level as V4d. Hence, contrary to prevailing views, the retinotopic organization of cortex rostral to V2d differs substantially from widely accepted models. Instead, it is evolutionarily largely conserved in Old and New World monkeys given its surprisingly similar overall visuotopic organization.
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Cusick, C. G., J. T. Wall, D. J. Felleman und J. H. Kaas. „Somatotopic organization of the lateral sulcus of owl monkeys: Area 3b, s-II, and a ventral somatosensory area“. Journal of Comparative Neurology 282, Nr. 2 (08.04.1989): 169–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cne.902820203.
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Born, Richard T. „Center-Surround Interactions in the Middle Temporal Visual Area of the Owl Monkey“. Journal of Neurophysiology 84, Nr. 5 (01.11.2000): 2658–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.2000.84.5.2658.
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Microelectrode recording and 2-deoxyglucose (2dg) labeling were used to investigate center-surround interactions in the middle temporal visual area (MT) of the owl monkey. These techniques revealed columnar groups of neurons whose receptive fields had opposite types of center-surround interaction with respect to moving visual stimuli. In one type of column, neurons responded well to objects such as a single bar or spot but poorly to large textured stimuli such as random dots. This was often due to the fact that the receptive fields had antagonistic surrounds: surround motion in the same direction as that preferred by the center suppressed responses, thus rendering these neurons unresponsive to wide-field motion. In the second set of complementary, interdigitated columns, neuronal receptive fields had reinforcing surrounds and responded optimally to wide-field motion. This functional organization could not be accounted for by systematic differences in binocular disparity. Within both column types, neurons whose receptive fields exhibited center-surround interactions were found less frequently in the input layers compared with the other layers. Additional tests were done on single units to examine the nature of the center-surround interactions. The direction tuning of the surround was broader than that of the center, and the preferred direction, with respect to that of the center, tended to be either in the same or opposite direction and only rarely in orthogonal directions. Surround motion at various velocities modulated the overall responsiveness to centrally placed moving stimuli, but it did not produce shifts in the peaks of the center's tuning curves for either direction or speed. In layers 3B and 5 of the local motion processing columns, a number of neurons responded only to local motion contrast but did so over a region of the visual field that was much larger than the optimal stimulus size. The central feature of this receptive field type was the generalization of surround antagonism over retinotopic space—a property similar to other “complex” receptive fields described previously. The columnar organization of different types of center-surround interactions may reflect the initial segregation of visual motion information into wide-field and local motion contrast systems that serve complementary functions in visual motion processing. Such segregation appears to occur at later stages of the macaque motion processing stream, in the medial superior temporal area (MST), and has also been described in invertebrate visual systems where it appears to be involved in the important function of distinguishing background motion from object motion.
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Islam, A. K. M. Saiful, und Michael Piasecki. „A generic metadata description for hydrodynamic model data“. Journal of Hydroinformatics 8, Nr. 2 (01.03.2006): 141–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/hydro.2006.017b.
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Sharing of data sets between numerical models is considered an important and pressing issue in the modeling community, because of (i) the time consumed to convert data sets and (ii) the need to connect different types of numerical codes to better map inter-connectedness of aquatic domains. One of the reasons for the data sharing problem arises from the lack of sufficient description of the data, or lack of metadata, which is due to the absence of a standardized framework for these metadata sets. This paper describes the development of a metadata framework for hydrodynamic data descriptions using the Geographic Information Metadata, 19115:2003 standard published by the International Standards Organization (ISO). This standard has been chosen not only because of its extent and adequacy to describe geospatial data, but also because of its widespread use and flexibility to extend the coverage. The latter is particularly important, as further extensions of the metadata standard are needed to provide a comprehensive metadata representation of hydrodynamics and their I/O data. In order to enable the community to share and reuse numerical code data sets, however, they need to be published in both human and machine understandable format. One such format is the Web Ontology language (OWL), whose syntax is compliant with the Extensible Markup Language (XML). In this paper, we present an extensive metadata profile using the available elements of ISO 19115:2003 as well as its extension rules. Based on the metadata profile, an explicit specification or ontology for the model data domain has been created using OWL. The use of OWL not only permits flexibility when extending the coverage but also to share data sets as resources across the internet as part of the Semantic Web. We demonstrate the use of the framework using a two-dimensional finite element code and its associated data sets.
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Khaytin, I., X. Xu, C. E. Collins, P. M. Kaskan, D. W. Shima, J. H. Kaas und V. A. Casagrande. „The Organization of the Middle Temporal Visual Area (MT) in Bush Babies and Owl Monkeys Revealed by Optical Imaging“. Journal of Vision 4, Nr. 8 (01.08.2004): 279. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/4.8.279.
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Xu, X., W. Bosking, G. Sary, M. Jones, D. Royal, J. Stefansic, D. Shima, D. Fitzpatrick und V. Casagrande. „The functional organization of orientation maps in owl monkey V1 and V2 revealed by optical imaging of intrinsic signals“. Journal of Vision 2, Nr. 7 (15.03.2010): 99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/2.7.99.
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Carr, C. E., und R. E. Boudreau. „Organization of the nucleus magnocellularis and the nucleus laminaris in the barn owl: Encoding and measuring interaural time differences“. Journal of Comparative Neurology 334, Nr. 3 (15.08.1993): 337–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cne.903340302.
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Hwang, Jae W., und Shmuel Rotenstreich. „A Policy-Based Team Collaboration“. International Journal of e-Collaboration 8, Nr. 1 (Januar 2012): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jec.2012010101.
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This paper presents a policy-based coordination model for team collaboration. Team collaboration requires an agreement that utilizes a negotiation protocol to find candidate teams and to decide on a collaboration partner. The decision relies on policies that are rules governing team situations in an organization. Contexts and rules allow reasoning about team situations. The authors describe a policy-based negotiation protocol. It introduces an ontology-based whiteboard component that uses the Semantic Web technologies such as Web Ontology Language (OWL), Semantic Web Rule Language (SWRL), and Semantic Query-enhanced Web Rule Language (SQWRL). The negotiation protocol facilitates whiteboards as a computational foundation for awareness of situations and policies, and it assists with the final decision using a measure based on the combination of rule-based queries and functions.
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Hao, Jia, Yan Yan, Guo Xin Wang und Jian Jun Lin. „Study on Ontology-Based Knowledge Integration“. Advanced Materials Research 139-141 (Oktober 2010): 1545–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.139-141.1545.
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This paper firstly discussed the definition of knowledge integration in the field of product development and proposed the multidimensional knowledge integration model which could be the guidance during the implementation of knowledge integration. Subsequently the framework of knowledge integration is presented, three layer (the enterprise distributes resources layer, enterprise managed knowledge layer and product development process layer) in the framework are explanted respectively. The ontology is introduced to provide the semantic fundament for the framework. The structure of integrative ontology is studied and constructed with OWL(Ontology Web Language). The ontology plays an important role in knowledge organization and knowledge service and it’s the core part of the whole framework. At last a prototype system based on the previous techniques is developed and basically fulfills knowledge integration in product development process.
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Buch, Anders Christian. „When does the owl of Minerva spread its wings? Shadow organizing and modes of inquiry“. Qualitative Research in Organizations and Management: An International Journal 15, Nr. 2 (17.07.2019): 108–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/qrom-10-2018-1691.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to critique the metaphor of “shadow organizing” in relation to researchers’ allegedly ontological commitment to processual metaphysics. Design/methodology/approach The paper focuses on the association of “shadow organizing” with post-epistemologies that are grounded in process ontology. The investigation examines aspects of relational thinking and is guided by John Dewey and Arthur Bentley’s genealogical reconstruction of modes of inquiry. Findings Inquiry is construed in either substantialist or relational ways by researchers. By using the metaphor of “shadow organizing,” the relational aspects of organizational phenomena are prioritized for explorative purposes. Other research objectives are aided by substantialist modes of inquiry. It is the argument of the paper, however, that relational research approaches need not make commitment to process ontology, and that the relational ambitions imbued in the metaphor of shadow organizing are in fact better honored for their methodological virtues. Originality/value The paper’s original contribution consists in critiquing post-epistemological attempts to ground organization studies in ontological first principles of process metaphysics. The paper argues that the metaphor of “shadow organizing” is a promising concept that is better appreciated as a methodological move than an ontological commitment.
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Cohen, Yale E., und Eric I. Knudsen. „Representation of Binaural Spatial Cues in Field L of the Barn Owl Forebrain“. Journal of Neurophysiology 79, Nr. 2 (01.02.1998): 879–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1998.79.2.879.
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Cohen, Yale E. and Eric I. Knudsen. Representation of binaural spatial cues in Field L of the barn owl forebrain. J. Neurophysiol. 79: 879–890, 1998. This study examined the representation of spatial information in the barn owl Field L, the first telencephalic processing stage of the classical auditory pathway. Field L units were recorded extracellularly, and their responses to dichotically presented interaural time differences (ITD) and interaural level differences (ILD) were tested. We observed a variety of tuning profiles in Field L. Some sites were not sensitive to ITD or ILD. Other sites, especially those in the high-frequency region, were highly selective for values of ITD and ILD. These sites had multipeaked (commonly called “phase ambiguous”) ITD tuning profiles and were tuned for a single value of ILD. The tuning properties of these sites are similar to those seen in the lateral shell of the central nucleus of the inferior colliculus. Although the tuning properties of Field L sites were similar to those observed in the inferior colliculus, the functional organization of this spatial information was fundamentally different. Whereas in the inferior colliculus spatial information is organized into global topographics maps, in Field L spatial information is organized into local clusters, with sites having similar binaural tuning properties grouped together. The representation of binaural cues in Field L suggests that it is involved in auditory space processing but at a lower level of information processing than the auditory archistriatum, a forebrain area that is specialized for processing spatial information, and that the levels of information processing in the forebrain space processing pathway are remarkably similar to those in the well-known midbrain space processing pathway.
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Cohen, YE, und EI Knudsen. „Binaural tuning of auditory units in the forebrain archistriatal gaze fields of the barn owl: local organization but no space map“. Journal of Neuroscience 15, Nr. 7 (01.07.1995): 5152–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1523/jneurosci.15-07-05152.1995.
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Ichida, Jennifer M., und Vivien A. Casagrande. „Organization of the feedback pathway from striate cortex (V1) to the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) in the owl monkey (Aotus trivirgatus)“. Journal of Comparative Neurology 454, Nr. 3 (19.11.2002): 272–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cne.10441.
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Du, Xiaofeng, Malcolm Munro und William Song. „CbSSDF“. International Journal of Information System Modeling and Design 2, Nr. 4 (Oktober 2011): 82–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jismd.2011100104.
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Web services as a new distributed system technology have been widely adopted by industries in the areas, such as enterprise application integration (EAI), business process management (BPM), and virtual organization (VO). However, lack of semantics in the current Web service standards has become a major barrier in service discovery and composition. To tackle the semantic issues of Web services, this paper proposes a comprehensive semantic service description framework – CbSSDF and a two-step service discovery mechanism based on CbSSDF—to help service users to easily locate their required services. The authors give a detailed explanation of CbSSDF, and then evaluate the framework by comparing it with OWL-S to examine how the proposed framework can improve the efficiency and effectiveness of service discovery and composition. The evaluation is carried out by analysing the different proposed solutions based on these two frameworks for achieving a series of tasks in a scenario.
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Nehete, Pramod N., Sriram Chitta, Bharti Pramod Nehete, John A. Vanchiere und Christian R. Abee. „Identification and functional analysis of NKp46+ natural killer cells from peripheral blood of squirrel (Saimiri sps.) and owl monkey (Aotus sps.)“. Journal of Immunology 200, Nr. 1_Supplement (01.05.2018): 49.18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.200.supp.49.18.
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Abstract Natural Killer (NK) cells as minor subsets of peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) are innate in nature to clear invading pathogens and tumor cells. Small rodent species to nonhuman primates and humans, immune systems consist of a spectrum of NK cell subsets with phenotype and functional diversity. This study examined NK cell subsets and expression of NKp46 in squirrel and owl monkeys, which are both New World primate species. Squirrel and owl monkeys are recommended by the World Health Organization as excellent experimental models for studies of malaria infection due to their susceptibility to some of the same strains that cause disease in humans and endemic viruses that are analogues of opportunistic human viruses. NK cells were identified from CD3 negative lymphocytes and sub-phenotyped by CD16 and CD8 expression, to classify CD8+ and CD8− NK cells and absolute numbers in peripheral blood were compared. Analysis of expression of NCR (Natural Cytotoxicity Receptors) proteins, NKp30 and NKp46 showed that NK cells from NHP had preferential expression of NKp46 over NKp30 and expression is mostly restricted to subset of CD8+ NK cells. Peripheral blood lymphocytes, enriched based on NKp46 expression, were further phenotyped as classic CD3−CD16+CD8+NK cells. Functional analysis of enriched cells was focused to verify whether subsets differ in cytolitic and/or “innate” in nature and to correlate with NCR protein expression. Enriched NK cells were co-cultured for stimulation with standard target cells including tumor cells and analyzed for cytokine production. The potential plasticity of peripheral blood NK cells in NHP based on steady state and/or inflammatory/pathogenic status of species will be analyzed and discussed.
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Schönteich, Falko, Ansgar Scherp und Andreas Kasten. „Distributed Identity Management for Semantic Entities Based on Graph Signatures and owl:sameAs“. International Journal of Semantic Computing 15, Nr. 01 (März 2021): 57–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793351x21500033.
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Distributed Identity Management (DIM) refers to the ability of defining distributed identities of agents and roles, i.e. a single agent is represented using multiple unique identifiers managed in different namespaces and may have various roles across those namespaces. We propose semDIM, a novel approach for Semantic DIM based on a Semantic Web architecture. For the first time, semDIM provides a framework for a distributed definition and management of entities such as persons being part of an organization, groups, and roles across namespaces. It is suitable for informal, i.e. social networks, as well as for professional networks such as cross-organizational collaborations. In addition, the framework ensures authenticity, authorization and integrity for such distributed identities by featuring certificate-based graph signatures. Beyond the capabilities of existing Identity Management solutions, we allow distributed identifiers and management of groups (consisting of agents and sub-groups) and roles as “first-class entities”. semDIM uses owl:sameAs relations to represent and verify distributed identities via formal reasoning. This concept enables novel functionalities for DIM, as these entities can be identified, related to one another, as well as be managed across namespaces. Our semDIM approach consists of a modular software architecture, a process model using a novel approach for pattern-based concurrency control, as well as a set of state-of-the-art formal OWL ontology patterns. The use of formal patterns ensures semantic interoperability, and extensibility for future requirements. Thereby, our approach can be combined with other applications based on the same or related patterns. We evaluate semDIM in the context of a real-world scenario of securely exchanging DIM information across organizations.
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Si, Li, und Jing Zhou. „Ontology and Linked Data of Chinese Great Sites Information Resources from Users’ Perspective“. KNOWLEDGE ORGANIZATION 49, Nr. 8 (2022): 547–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/0943-7444-2022-8-547.
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Great Sites are closely related to the residents’ life, urban and rural development. In the process of rapid urbanization in China, the protection and utilization of Great Sites are facing unprecedented pressure. Effective knowledge organization with ontology and linked data of Great Sites is a prerequisite for their protection and utilization. In this paper, an interview is conducted to understand the users’ awareness towards Great Sites to build the user-centered ontology. As for designing the Great Site ontology, firstly, the scope of Great Sites is determined. Secondly, CIDOC- CRM and OWL-Time Ontology are reused combining the results of literature research and user interviews. Thirdly, the top-level structure and the specific instances are determined to extract knowledge concepts of Great Sites. Fourthly, they are transformed into classes, data properties and object properties of the Great Site ontology. Later, based on the linked data technology, taking the Great Sites in Xi’an Area as an example, this paper uses D2RQ to publish the linked data set of the knowledge of the Great Sites and realize its opening and sharing. Semantic services such as semantic annotation, semantic retrieval and reasoning are provided based on the ontology.
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Kotler, Burt P., Joel S. Brown, Sonny S. Bleicher und Keren Embar. „Intercontinental-wide consequences of compromise-breaking adaptations: the case of desert rodents“. Israel Journal of Ecology and Evolution 62, Nr. 3-4 (18.05.2016): 186–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15659801.2015.1125832.
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Desert rodent assemblages from around the world provide convergent, but independent crucibles for testing theory and deducing general ecological principles. The heteromyid rodents of North America and the gerbils of the Middle East and their predators provide such an example. Both sets of rodents face predation from owls and vipers, but the North American species possess unique traits that may represent macroevolutionary breakthroughs: rattlesnakes have infra-red sensitive sensory pits, and heteromyids have cheek pouches. To test their significance, we brought together two gerbils (Middle East), two heteromyid rodents (a kangaroo rat and a pocket mouse; North America) in a common setting (a vivarium in the Negev Desert), and quantified the “opinions” of the rodents towards the North American sidewinder rattlesnake and the Middle Eastern Saharan horned viper and the foraging behavior of each in the face of these snake predators plus owl predators. Gerbils are fairly evenly matched in their anti-predator abilities, while the heteromyids differ widely, and these seem to match well with and may determine the types of mechanisms of species coexistence that operate in the communities of each continent. Evolutionary history, macroevolutionary traits, and risk management therefore combine to determine the characteristics of the organisms and the organization of their communities.
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Yu, Sheng-Tsai, Ying-Chyi Chou und Wen-Hsiang Lai. „Constructing Ontology-based Exclusive Environmental Certification Systems“. International Business Research 9, Nr. 11 (09.10.2016): 135. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ibr.v9n11p135.
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<p>Since the 1970s, governments around the world have developed environmental regulations and environmental management system (EMSs). Public and private enterprises are obligated to comply with EMSs to prevent environmental pollution. After the International Organization of Standardization (ISO) published the ISO 14001 EMS in September 1996, environmental certification became a focus of attention for enterprises worldwide. Subsequently, various EMSs, such as the ISO 14064-1 Greenhouse Gas Emission Auditing System in 2006 and the ISO 50001 Energy Management System in 2011, have been developed. Governments can demand environmental certification to enforce compliance with environmental regulations. Furthermore, environmental certification can motivate enterprises to improve environmentally relevant practices, conserve energy, and lower costs. This study establishes an ontological knowledge model of shareable and reusable environmental certification index systems. According to this knowledge model, an environmental certification system, an environmental performance index system, and a leather-industry-exclusive environmental certification system were created using the Web Ontology Language (OWL) found in the Protégé platform. The relationship between the EMSs and the performance indices was then generalized to explain the certification systems and their attainable performance indices to enterprise owners. Thus, enterprise owners can select applicable EMSs according to this EMS ontology.</p>
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Allocca, Carlo, Samia Jilali, Rohit Ail, Jaehun Lee, Byungho Kim, Alessio Antonini, Enrico Motta et al. „Toward a Symbolic AI Approach to the WHO/ACSM Physical Activity & Sedentary Behavior Guidelines“. Applied Sciences 12, Nr. 4 (09.02.2022): 1776. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12041776.
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The World Health Organization and the American College of Sports Medicine have released guidelines on physical activity and sedentary behavior, as part of an effort to reduce inactivity worldwide. However, to date, there is no computational model that can facilitate the integration of these recommendations into health solutions (e.g., digital coaches). In this paper, we present an operational and machine-readable model that represents and is able to reason about these guidelines. To this end, we adopted a symbolic AI approach that combines two paradigms of research in knowledge representation and reasoning: ontology and rules. Thus, we first present HeLiFit, a domain ontology implemented in OWL, which models the main entities that characterize the definition of physical activity, as defined per guidance. Then, we describe HeLiFit-Rule, a set of rules implemented in the RDFox Rule language, which can be used to represent and reason with these recommendations in concrete real-world applications. Furthermore, to ensure a high level of syntactic/semantic interoperability across different systems, our framework is also compliant with the FHIR standard. Through motivating scenarios that highlight the need for such an implementation, we finally present an evaluation of our model that provides results that are both encouraging in terms of the value of our solution and also provide a basis for future work.
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Abedi, Akbar. „Seal and sealing in the Kura-Araxes culture: New findings from northwestern Iran“. ARAMAZD: Armenian Journal of Near Eastern Studies 16, Nr. 1-2 (31.12.2022): 3–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.32028/ajnes.v16i1-2.1820.
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Administrative evidences such as seal, seal making and seal impression are not common in the Kura-Araxes culture and considered as a rare finding why the total seals reported from Kura-Araxes sites in northwestern Iran, the southern Caucasus and Eastern Anatolia does not exceed one dozen. First and second seasons of excavation in Kul Tepe Gargar brought to light a stamp and a cylinder seals that are considered as the first evidence of seal and seal making in the Kura –Araxes culture in northwestern Iran. Between these seals, cylinder one contains special and unique design that known as the double-spiral or spiral horns in the shape of a ram’s horn or owl or human eye as a symbol of Kura-Araxes culture. As this design and symbol revealed in Kura-Araxes culture on different objects such as pottery, metal objects and other jewelry and ornaments, its appearance on the seal design proof of many changes in the economic and social organization of the Kura-Araxes culture. This seal dates back to 2900-2850 cal. BC. Since these seals are among the first evidences of administrative, economic and social ownership and property in this region of Iran, their introduction and identification can play an effective role in reconstructing the social behavior and could be considering as possible indicators of administrative control in the Kura-Araxes societies.
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Kaskan, Peter M., Haidong D. Lu, Barbara C. Dillenburger, Jon H. Kaas und Anna W. Roe. „The Organization of Orientation-Selective, Luminance-Change and Binocular- Preference Domains in the Second (V2) and Third (V3) Visual Areas of New World Owl Monkeys as Revealed by Intrinsic Signal Optical Imaging“. Cerebral Cortex 19, Nr. 6 (08.10.2008): 1394–407. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhn178.
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Manhal, Mohammed Hussein, Abbas Al-khalidi und Zaina Mustafa Mahmoud Hamad. „Strategic network: Managerial myopia point of view“. Management Science Letters 13, Nr. 3 (2023): 211–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.5267/j.msl.2023.4.002.
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The strategic network of any organization plays a significant role in the industry. Therefore, companies must study the factors hindering the construction of this network. Companies need a strategic network of alliances and partnerships to complement each other and constitute a superpower that competitors cannot overcome. This study explores the size of obstacles posed by managerial myopia in weakening the ability of organizations to build their strategic network. Current paper tests the influential relationship between managerial myopia and the ability of organizations to build their strategic network in one of the most important institutions within the oil sector. Results show a negative impact of managerial short-sightedness on an organization's ability to build a successful strategic network that enables it to coexist within an atmosphere of competition. This study recommends that organizations adopt the concept of managerial hyperopia as a valuable tool for organizational success.
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Capuano, Nicola, Pasquale Foggia, Luca Greco und Pierluigi Ritrovato. „A Linked Data Application for Harmonizing Heterogeneous Biomedical Information“. Applied Sciences 12, Nr. 18 (16.09.2022): 9317. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12189317.
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In the biomedical field, there is an ever-increasing number of large, fragmented, and isolated data sources stored in databases and ontologies that use heterogeneous formats and poorly integrated schemes. Researchers and healthcare professionals find it extremely difficult to master this huge amount of data and extract relevant information. In this work, we propose a linked data approach, based on multilayer networks and semantic Web standards, capable of integrating and harmonizing several biomedical datasets with different schemas and semi-structured data through a multi-model database providing polyglot persistence. The domain chosen concerns the analysis and aggregation of available data on neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs), a relatively rare type of neoplasm. Integrated information includes twelve public datasets available in heterogeneous schemas and formats including RDF, CSV, TSV, SQL, OWL, and OBO. The proposed integrated model consists of six interconnected layers representing, respectively, information on the disease, the related phenotypic alterations, the affected genes, the related biological processes, molecular functions, the involved human tissues, and drugs and compounds that show documented interactions with them. The defined scheme extends an existing three-layer model covering a subset of the mentioned aspects. A client–server application was also developed to browse and search for information on the integrated model. The main challenges of this work concern the complexity of the biomedical domain, the syntactic and semantic heterogeneity of the datasets, and the organization of the integrated model. Unlike related works, multilayer networks have been adopted to organize the model in a manageable and stratified structure, without the need to change the original datasets but by transforming their data “on the fly” to respond to user requests.
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Kusumajati, Dian Anggraini. „Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) Karyawan pada Perusahaan“. Humaniora 5, Nr. 1 (30.04.2014): 62. http://dx.doi.org/10.21512/humaniora.v5i1.2981.
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Human resources are the most important asset in a company to get success of an organization/company. Many organizations face challenges such as how organizations respond to change from external and adapt to internal environment of organization. In this case OCB can increase organizational performance, because this behavior is the "oil" of social machine of the organization. In other words, with this behavior in social interaction the member from organization can be smooth, reduce disputes, and improve efficiency. OCB is a voluntary behavior that exceeds workers’ basic needs such as helping co-workers and courteous to others, which benefit an organization, and does not relate to the compensation system. The dimensions of OCB consist of altruism, conscientiousness, sportsmanship, courtesy, civic virtue. The factors affect the OCB, namely: culture and climate, personality and mood, organizational support, quality of interaction superiors and subordinates, tenure and gender. Implications of OCB are quality of service, performance groups, and turnover. The benefits from OCB to the company are improving the productivity of co-workers, increasing managers’ productivity, saving management’s and organization’s resources, saving energy resources to maintain the group function, to be an effective facility to coordinate the activities of the working groups, improving the ability from organization to attract and maintain best employees, improving the stability of organizational performance, and enhancing the organization's ability to adapt environmental changes. It can be said that if the company wants to increase employee’s OCB, the company should pay attention to the factors that influence employee’s OCB and OCB implications to the company.
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Sparks, D. L. „Translation of sensory signals into commands for control of saccadic eye movements: role of primate superior colliculus“. Physiological Reviews 66, Nr. 1 (01.01.1986): 118–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/physrev.1986.66.1.118.
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Afferent signals that guide orienting movements converge in the deeper layers of the SC in a wide variety of animals. The sensory cells are arranged topographically according to their receptive-field locations and, thereby, form maps of sensory space. Maps of visual, somatosensory, and/or auditory space have been obtained in the iguana, mouse, hamster, barn owl, chinchilla, cat, and monkey. The deeper layers of the SC also contain neurons involved in the generation of movements of the eyes, head, vibrissae, and pinnae. Thus the SC, a site containing multiple sensory maps and perhaps multiple motor maps, has been selected by many investigators as a structure for investigating the problem of sensorimotor integration. In the mammalian nervous system, emphasized in this review, much remains to be learned about the structure, organization, and function of the SC. While anatomical studies continue to add to the knowledge of the sources of afferent projections, their pattern of laminar termination, and the source and destination of efferent projections, relatively little is known about the intrinsic organization of the colliculus, especially the deeper layers. Recently, electrophysiological studies have moved from an emphasis on the sensory and motor properties of collicular neurons to an examination of the maps of auditory and somatosensory space and the correspondence of these maps. In the future, major efforts aimed at identifying the functional properties of cells that project to the SC from diverse brain regions as well as the functional properties that project to the various structures receiving input from the colliculus are needed. A combination of anatomical and electrophysiological methods is required to describe the signal transforms that occur between the SC and motor areas (such as the paramedian pontine reticular formation) closer to the final common pathway. Conceptual and empirical work is needed to develop and test models of how the dynamic visual and auditory maps found in the primate SC are generated. In general, new and/or improved models of the role of the SC in sensorimotor integration are needed as guides for future research. A point of view emphasized here is that it may be fruitful to examine the function of the SC from a motor perspective. The nature of the motor command imposes constraints on the configuration of signals that can initiate movements and thereby determines the required transformation of sensory signals.
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Alzoubi, Haitham M., Kakul Agha, Muhammad Turki Alshurideh, Taher M. Ghazal und Khaled M. K. Alhyasat. „The impact of organizational empowerment practices and learning organization on firm performance“. Corporate and Business Strategy Review 4, Nr. 2 (2023): 151–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/cbsrv4i2art14.
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Organizations adapt and implement different strategies and practices in order to improve and enhance its performance and competitiveness in the marketplace. This study investigates the impact of organizational empowerment practices and learning organization on organizational performance of Abu Dhabi National Oil Company (ADNOC) in the UAE. The study contributes to the knowledge by investigating empirical data about organizational empowerment practices, learning organization, and organizational performance and elaborating it in the context of the oil industry in the UAE. The study adopted the quantitative approach and explored participants from different managerial levels. A total number of 212 valid questionnaires were used for analysis. Further, appropriate statistical tests were used to examine the model validation and hypotheses verification. The literature findings suggest that organization performance and organizational commitment increase as the organization invests in training its employees. The study concluded that an increase in communication, rewards, stimulus culture, and sharing of vision among managers, supervisors, or mid-managers could positively impact the performance of ADNOC.
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MONTIEL-PONSODA, E., G. AGUADO DE CEA, A. GÓMEZ-PÉREZ und W. PETERS. „Enriching ontologies with multilingual information“. Natural Language Engineering 17, Nr. 3 (09.06.2010): 283–309. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1351324910000082.
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AbstractThis paper presents a novel approach to ontology localization with the objective of obtaining multilingual ontologies. Within the ontology development process, ontology localization has been defined as the activity of adapting an ontology to a concrete linguistic and cultural community. Depending on the ontology layers – terminological and/or conceptual – involved in the ontology localization activity, three heterogeneous multilingual ontology metamodels have been identified, of which we propose one of them. Our proposal consists in associating the ontology metamodel to an external model for representing and structuring lexical and terminological data in different natural languages. Our model has been called Linguistic Information Repository (LIR). The main advantages of this modelling modality rely on its flexibility by allowing (1) the enrichment of any ontology element with as much linguistic information as needed by the final application, and (2) the establishment of links among linguistic elements within and across different natural languages. The LIR model has been designed as an ontology of linguistic elements and is currently available in Web Ontology Language (OWL). The set of lexical and terminological data that it provides to ontology elements enables the localization of any ontology to a certain linguistic and cultural universe. The LIR has been evaluated against the multilingual requirements of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations in the framework of the NeOn project. It has proven to solve multilingual representation problems related to the establishment of well-defined relations among lexicalizations within and across languages, as well as conceptualization mismatches among different languages. Finally, we present an extension to the Ontology Metadata Vocabulary, the so-called LexOMV, with the aim of reporting on multilinguality at the ontology metadata level. By adding this contribution to the LIR model, we account for multilinguality at the three levels of an ontology: data level, knowledge representation level and metadata level.
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Andon, P. I., J. V. Rogushina, I. Yu Grishanova, V. A. Reznichenko, A. M. Kyridon, A. V. Aristova und A. O. Tishchenko. „Experience of the semantic technologies use for intelligent Web encyclopedia creation (on example of the Great Ukrainian Encyclopedia portal)“. PROBLEMS IN PROGRAMMING, Nr. 2-3 (September 2020): 246–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/pp2020.02-03.246.
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We consider the conceptual principles of the Great Ukrainian Encyclopedia development and analyze the main advantages of its portal version – e-VUE. This portal version requires the relevant technological platform with high-level expressiveness and efficiency. Development of e-VUE with complex knowledge structure causes the study of modern Web-technologies and matching their capabilities with the specific requirements of encyclopedia. Therefore we consider in details the project idea and purposes, the specifics of e-VUE information representation (number and volume of articles, content types and sources, relations between content elements and their properties, business processes of article publication, design requirements) and processing (navigation, requests, integration and matching means) to estimate the Wiki-technology feasibility use (namely - opportunities and restrictions of MediaWiki technological platform). Also attention is paid to the means of information security ensuring and semantic-based establishment of content access rights. The results of such analysis show that MediaWiki with semantic plugins can be used as a base for e-VUE portal construction but needs in extension of its functionality based on modern knowledge management tools and formats of their interoperable representation. Now we are oriented on use of ontological analysis and Semantic Web standards (OWL, RDF, SPARQL). In terms of the Semantic Web, e-VUE is a distributed database with heterogeneous types of information objects that can be used both by humans and by external software (e.g. by intelligent agents). The main principles of e-VUE knowledge base organization are grounded on Wiki categories and semantic properties of Semantic MediaWiki that are used for formal representation of the e-VUE typical information objects (TIO). Such approach allows to express TIO relations, properties and characteristics that can be used by logical inference and semantic retrieval to improve the navigation between portal elements and integration of data from various Wiki pages.
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Delbahari, Vahideh, Iraj Soltani und Akbar Etebarian Khorasgani. „Designing an organizational engagement model using structural equation modeling: case study of National Iranian Oil Company“. Problems and Perspectives in Management 17, Nr. 3 (11.07.2019): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/ppm.17(3).2019.01.
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Today’s organizations need energetic and engaged employees, those who are interested in their jobs. Generally, the engaged ones love their job and do their job tasks well. If there is no engagement in the organizations, the organization is encountered with serious problems in this ground. This study aims to design engagement assessment model in the organizations and its applied purpose is creating new theoretical basics in the maturity of engagement in the organization and this helps the organizations for better perception and consistency of organizational goals with the goals of employees. The employees of the National Iranian Oil Company constituted the population for this research. The National Iranian Oil Company was selected as the context, because employee engagement has emerged as a critical problem confronting this sector. 356 employees of this company were selected by simple random sampling method and data were collected using a questionnaire. The researcher attempts to answer the question how we can design an engagement assessment model in the organizations. The different dimensions of engagement are identified at individual and organizational levels and then based on the findings, the employees are classified based on the individual and organizational engagement and the results of this study can help the researchers for better recognition of this internal variable and this helps the better understanding of researchers to use it.
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Khudair Al-Hadrawi, Baqer, und Ali Raheem Al-Zulfi. „Gratitude in Organizations and its Effect on Reducing Organizational Cynicism“. Akkad Journal of Contemporary Management Studies 2, Nr. 1 (03.12.2022): 15–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.55202/ajcms.v2i1.142.
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The present study aims to investigate the nature of the relationship between gratitude in organizations and organizational cynicism in Union Food Industries Company Ltd. - Sugar and Oil Industry in Babil Governorate / Iraq, and the study relied on the descriptive analytical approach in achieving its objectives. The study reached a number of conclusions, including: Affective cynicism and Behavioral cynicism are greatly influenced by gratitude. While after cognitive cynicism was not significantly affected in gratitude, this effect of gratitude reveals the relationship between variables. It is desirable that the concepts of gratitude in organizations and organizational cynicism are undoubtedly fundamental factors for the industrial sector in particular, and for other sectors in general
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МОЛЧАНОВА, Е. С., und Л. В. ЗУБАРЕВА. „INFORMATION BASE FOR EVALUATING THE ACTIVITIES OF OIL AND GAS INDUSTRY ENTERPRISES“. Экономика и предпринимательство, Nr. 11(148) (13.05.2023): 1434–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.34925/eip.2022.148.11.286.
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Информация, необходимая для оценки деятельности организации собирается из различных источников. Характеристики оцениваемой экономической деятельности организации на дату оценки являются результатом предыдущего развития, предпосылкой будущего развития и одновременно зависят от положения дел в экономике страны, в отрасли и регионе. Поскольку результат деятельности организации является итогом воздействия многочисленных взаимосвязанных факторов, постольку и информация, необходимая для ее оценки, представляет собой систему взаимосвязанных информационных блоков. Среда, в которой функционируют организации, отличается повышенным уровнем неопределенности, сложностью и стремительностью развития. При этом организации, чтобы оставаться конкурентоспособной на рынке, избежать неверно принятых управленческих и стратегических решений, нужно использовать только качественную информационную базу, соответствующую таким требованиям как достоверность, точность, комплексность и полнота. The information needed to evaluate the organization's activities is collected from various sources. The characteristics of the estimated economic activity of the organization at the assessment date are the result of previous development, a prerequisite for future development and at the same time depend on the state of affairs in the economy of the country, in the industry and the region. Since the result of an organization's activity is the result of the impact of numerous interrelated factors, to the extent that the information necessary for its assessment is a system of interrelated information blocks. The environment in which organizations operate is characterized by an increased level of uncertainty, complexity and rapid development. At the same time, in order for an organization to remain competitive in the market, to avoid incorrectly made managerial and strategic decisions, it is necessary to use only a high-quality information base that meets such requirements as reliability, accuracy, complexity and completeness.
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Genkin, Evgeniy V., Dariko K. Balakhanova, Marina N. Singaeva, Abdulaziz A. Zh ugli Tleubergenov und Tatyana F. Chernova. „SOME ASPECTS OF THE DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION OF RUSSIAN ORGANIZATIONS“. EKONOMIKA I UPRAVLENIE: PROBLEMY, RESHENIYA 10/2, Nr. 130 (2022): 137–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.36871/ek.up.p.r.2022.10.02.011.
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This article reveals the features of the digital transformation of Russian organizations of various types of activity. The essence of the digital transformation of the organization is shown, the benefits of digital transformation for the organization and the country as a whole are considered. The legal aspects of the digital transformation of organizations in the Russian Federation within the framework of the National Project are considered. Examples and directions of digital transformation of educational and scientific organizations, oil and gas complex, healthcare system is shown. It is concluded that the digital transformation of industries represents an opportunity to create value for both industry and society.
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Akbar, Muhamad, und Antoni Darius. „E-Supply Chain Management Value Concept for The Palm Oil Industry“. Jurnal Sistem Informasi 15, Nr. 2 (31.10.2019): 15–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.21609/jsi.v15i2.859.
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The Harmony of IT and Business is an asset and the foundation of the organizations to improve and build business competitive strategies. There is a need to integrate and coordinate all business partners of the organization, particularly those associated with Information Technology and suppliers, raw materials or resources needed in the supply chain management. The effectiveness of an E-SCM in Palm Oil industry will be the crucial factor to provide the organization with business opportunities and improve competitive position in the marketplace. Aim of this study is to investigates critical factors E -Supply Chain Management in Oil Palm Industry through Theory Resource Based View (RBV). With RBV theory, this study develops a concept that can be utilized for identifying the critical success factors of E-SCM value in Palm Oil industry. The quantitative research method is used for collecting data in four Palm Oil organizations in South Sumatera. This research reveals that IT human resources and IT infrastructure are the critical factors and capability in to operate E-SCM effectively and
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Telnov, Yu F., A. V. Danilov, R. I. Diveev, V. A. Kazakov und E. V. Yaroshenko. „Development of a prototype of multi-agent system of network interaction of educational institutions“. Open Education 22, Nr. 6 (14.01.2019): 14–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.21686/1818-4243-2018-6-14-26.
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The aim of the researchis to develop a prototype of the intelligent multi-agent system for dynamic interaction of the intelligent agents in the integrated information and educational space to solve the problem of formation of joint educational programs by several educational institutions.Materials and methods.In modern conditions of digital transformation of education the organization of network training of students on dynamically formed educational programs in accordance with the needs of the labor market and the individual requirements of students is becoming increasingly important. It is proposed to develop a software platform based on intelligent multi-agent technology for flexible integration of educational resources and implementation of joint educational programs by several interacting educational institutions. As a basis for the development of the software prototype architecture, the specifications of the developer community for the standardization of agent technologies FIPA (the Foundation for Intelligent Physical Agents), and the software tool environment – JADE framework (Java Agent Development Network) were chosen.Results.The paper presents the architecture of intelligent multi-agent system for network interaction of educational institutions in the integrated information and educational space, which allows to dynamically forming educational programs in accordance with the requested professional competencies. The structure of the ontology of information and educational space, providing the interaction of intelligent agents, is justified, and the mechanism of its display from the OWL format to the format of the tool environment JADE, using the plugin Protege is described. The description of the software prototype, the structure of intelligent agents in the JADE format and the technology of agent interaction, based on the FIPA protocols in the process of educational programs formation is presented.Conclusion.The implementation of the multi-agent system prototype for network interaction of educational institutions allows you to quickly create educational programs in accordance with individual and group learning trajectories under the specific formed professional competence. The presented software prototype with some modification can be used for other subject areas of the digital economy, involving the dynamic formation of network structures of interaction for business partners.