Dissertationen zum Thema „Outils d'aide à la décision multicritère“
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Rosas, Flunger Rudolf. „L'approche de la dynamique des systèmes et l'aide à la décision multicritère comme outils d'apprentissage organisationnel“. Paris 9, 1999. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1999PA090041.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDamart, Sébastien. „Une étude de la contribution des outils d'aide à la décision aux démarches de concertation : Le cas des décisions publiques de transport“. Phd thesis, Université Paris Dauphine - Paris IX, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00421927.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDe ce fait, les législateurs ont tenté, depuis plusieurs décennies en France, de préciser un contenu et des modalités de mise en œuvre d'une démarche de concertation. Néanmoins, de nombreux auteurs concluent de toute façon à un décalage persistant et croissant entre ce que préconisent les textes de loi et ce qu'est la pratique de la décision publique en matière d'environnement ou de questions liées aux transports. Les réflexions de ces auteurs les conduisent à relever également une évidente inadéquation à des démarches participatives, des outils actuellement mobilisés dans les processus de décision. Dans des contextes participatifs, il faut donc d'une part imaginer d'autres outils capables de supporter différents points de vue et différentes rationalités et d'autre part parvenir à en évaluer l'intérêt dans ce type de contexte. Notre thèse s'inscrit dans cette perspective.
L'objet de la thèse est en effet, d'identifier, dans le cadre des décisions publiques, la nature et la forme des outils d'aide à la décision qui peuvent instrumenter et rendre possible des démarches de concertation. De fait, le travail conduit à préciser ainsi la nature des liens et de la contribution des outils d'aide à la décision aux démarches de concertation.
Pour cela, nous construisons une grille de lecture des démarches de concertation fondée sur les concepts d'intégration et d'identification qui nous permet, dans une perspective d'abduction d'inférer des facteurs contextuels dont dépend la pertinence d'outils d'aide à la décision par rapport à une démarche de concertation.
Hugrel, Charlotte. „Contribution à l'élaboration d'un outil d'aide a la décision multicritère pour la mise en place de la politique environnementale des collectivités locales“. Lyon, INSA, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998ISAL0078.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe purpose of this research is to contribute to the achievement of a multicriteria decision aid tool for the stating of local communities environmental policy. The procedure finally proposed allows local communities to identify their goals regarding specific environmental stakes of their own territory along with the stakes related to other territories and future generations. A general characterization of environmental problems is done through the concept of use conflicts. The environment state assessment criteria are based on an analysis of environmental uses. This allows: - to work out the list of locally relevant criteria in close collaboration with the population, - to give intelligible results that make each citizen enable to express his own point of view with full knowledge of the facts on the community environmental priorities. Some elements of the procedure are illustrated with the case of water and air on the area of the urban community of Lyon
Gebhardt, Karolin. „Le management de projets d'innovation piloté par l'incertitude : méthodes et outils“. Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020GRALI025.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleUncertainty is an intrinsic part of every project, in particular of innovation projects. Unclear and changing specifications, lack of experience and skills as well as context influences coming from e.g. stakeholders and legislation are only a few typical sources of uncertainty. In general, uncertainty levels are not homogeneously distributed among individual project tasks. A task’s uncertainty level, however, has a huge influence on how this task shall be managed and executed. In common practice, project managers, project teams and project management tools do not consider this fact systematically, which leads to inappropriate task execution modes with unsatisfying outcomes and negative consequences downstream the project.In this context, this thesis proposes a novel methodology for systematically including uncertainty and context considerations in project planning and analysis from macro- (i.e., project) to micro- (i.e., task) level. It is based on classifying individual project tasks according to the uncertainty they are confronted with. To achieve this, this work first identifies fundamental requirements to management and decision aid tools facilitating the planning, monitoring, and analysis of any kind of projects characterized by a considerable level of uncertainty. Based on a task model that integrates a definition of the input, targeted outcome, the action as well as its context in the form of involved stakeholders, our tool integrates a task classification according to the estimated uncertainty levels of each task’s targeted outcome with respect to its inputs, as well as the task’s actions and context. Context can be taken into account systematically using a novel context classification and measurement framework derived from existing frameworks for capturing project complexity and uncertainty. A modelling language facilitating the practical application of these models using the task and stakeholder network analysis and visualization tools has been implemented.The entire work is based on a grounded field study that has been carried out within the industrial research environment of the Bayer Group over three years, complemented by an in-depth analysis of research literature in the related fields. Expert interviews, workshops and trainings, as well as the active support and accompaniment of concrete corporate innovation projects have been the central practical means of developing and validating the results
Romani, Zaid. „Développement d'une méthode d'aide à la décision multicritère pour la conception des bâtiments neufs et la réhabilitation des bâtiments existants à haute efficacité énergétique“. Thesis, La Rochelle, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LAROS034/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe building sector is the largest consumer of energy in the world. In Mediterranean region, facing the economic crisis and commitments for climate change, the reduction of energy consumption for both new and existing buildings is more necessary. Against this background, seeking optimal technical solutions taking into account the economic, environmental and societal criteria is a very complex problem due to the high number of parameters to consider. In order to solve this problem, a state of the art of multi-criteria optimization method has been achieved. We found that many constraints exist when using these methods such as high time calculation and no absolute assurance to find the global optimum. Thus, the main objective of the present work is to propose a new method that allows overcome these difficulties. This method is based on the development of polynomial models for the prediction of heating energy needs, cooling energy needs, final energy needs and summer thermal comfort. To establish these models, we used the design of experiments method and dynamic thermal simulations using TRNSYS software. From these models, a sensitivity analysis has been achieved in order to identify the leading parameters on energy requirements and thermal comfort in summer. A database associating each parameter for its cost and environmental impact on its lifetime was generated from CYPE software and INIES database. Then, a detailed parametric study was performed using polynomial functions for determining a set of optimal solutions using the Pareto front approach. This new method was applied to design new buildings with high energy efficiency at controlled costs for the six Moroccan climate zones. The validation of polynomial models through a comparison with random simulations gave very satisfactory results. With a polynomial model of the second order, the maximum error on the energy needs and the adaptive thermal comfort did not exceed 2 kWh/m².an and 9% respectively. The developed models were used for multiple-criteria decision analysis. The results showed that buildings with very low energy needs can be built with a reasonable cost. On the other hand an effort should be focused on more efficient solutions for adaptive thermal comfort in summer especially for Marrakech and Errachidia. Finally, we also implemented our method to a project of energy rehabilitation of an existing building located in La Rochelle (France). Environmental criteria were also taken into account in the optimization process. The selected technical solutions procured approximately 15 kWh/m².year of heating energy needs. The developed multicriteria decision method showed a great potential for both designing new and existing buildings with high energy efficiency. It allows a very fast operational optimization of sustainable buildings at reasonable cost and low energy consumption
Omrani, Hichem. „Développement d'une méthode et d'un outil d'aide à l'évaluation : application à la mobilité urbaine“. Compiègne, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007COMP1717.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThese works problem consists in evaluating projects of transport starting from a set of criteria having different degrees of importance, in interaction and evaluated by heterogeneous sources of information (experts, surveys, sensors, model etc). The collected data are generally sullied with uncertainty and inaccuracy. To solve this problem of projects evaluation related to transportation, we propose a hybrid approach entitled HA4IA (Hybrid Approach for Impacts Assessment). It is based on the theory of the multi criteria analysis, fuzzy logic and belief theory. These theoretical frameworks present a favourable framework for the management of the vague and uncertain data. We propose also a tool (DeSSIA), based on the proposed approach. The approach was applied for several projects of transport implemented (in La Rochelle - France) within the framework of a European project (SUCCESS under CIVITAS program). The developed tool is based on a data-processing environment open source (R, PHP, Mapserver, Mapscript, Jpgraph, XHTML, Ajax etc). It makes it possible to evaluate various impacts related to urban mobility. The results of evaluation can be represented in the form of graphs (using the techniques of chart) or of maps (traffic, pollution, acoustics). The cartography makes it possible to represent the space-time distribution of the impacts presenting an additional geo-space tool of evaluation aid
Martinez-Leal, Jorge. „Développement d’outils d’aide à la décision en conception pilotés par l’analyse multicritère de la valorisabilité du produit et l’outillage des lignes directrices d’écoconception pour la fin de vie“. Thesis, Paris, ENSAM, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019ENAM0062.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleCurrent regulations encourage designers and manufacturers to engage in circular economy and eco-design approaches in order to mitigate the environmental impact of their products. Today, design choices are mainly driven by product recoverability assessment. Guidelines associated with design for X approaches are then used as a decision-making tool for finding solutions. It is therefore necessary to establish a link between the assessed recoverability and eco-design guidelines so that designers can better interpret the information they are given and simplify their design process accordingly. An inventory of these guidelines combined with an eco-design for an end-of-life approach makes it possible to identify the associated levers for action. However, there is only minimal correlation between recoverability indicators and the levers associated with the guidelines. Therefore, this proposal aims to build an indicator-based decision-making design methodology based on a multi-criteria analysis of the product's recoverability. It is enhanced by a tooled guide based on eco-design for end-of-life guidelines. The proposed approach has been validated through the study of a Fairphone® included in the WEEE recycling chain
Lachhab, Majda. „Proposition d'un outil d'aide à la décision multicritère sous incertitudes à base de colonies de fourmis : une approche intégrée appliquée à la gestion des risques dans les projets d'ingénierie système“. Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018INPT0141/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn this thesis, we propose a multi-criteria decision making tool that allows decision-makers to select an optimal scenario in a project graph that includes all the alternative choices of a new system’s conception and realization, while taking into account the risks inherent to these choices. The model of the graph is constructed by considering all the collaborative decisions of the different actors involved in the project. This decision making tool is based mainly on the techniques of combinatorial optimization. Indeed, we have decided to work with the metaheuristic ACO (Ant Colony Optimization algorithm) for its ability to provide optimal solutions in a reasonable amount of time. The objectives to be minimized are the total cost of the project, its global duration and the uncertainties about these criteria (cost, duration). The uncertainties modeling is performed according to two different approaches. The first approach consists in using single intervals to model the uncertainty and it is considered as a third objective to optimize besides cost and duration. As for the second approach, the uncertainty about project objectives (cost, duration) is performed by using probabilities distributions. The optimization tool proposed in this thesis is a part of an integrated and more global process, based on industrial standards (the systems engineering process and the project management one) that are widely known and used in companies. Thus, the work developed in this thesis is a real guide for companies in their process of design and realization of innovative complex systems in the systems engineering field
Deng, Xiaoguang. „Développement d'un outil d'aide à la conception des matériaux fibreux multifonctionnels par les techniques de calcul avancé“. Thesis, Lille 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008LIL10111/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleFace to the more and more intensive international concurrence, how to develop the new products with a minimum life cycle design is an interesting topic for many industries. A quick product development meeting the vary consumer's requirements is a critical key for the success of the company. ln this context, the tools of « rapid prototyping» have been developed and used for forecasting the performance of product and process. Using the computer modelling techniques, these tools permit to realise the representative prototypes close to the quality features predefined in the functional specifications with a limited trails and measures. This PHD thesis presents the research works in the filed of developing a design support tool for multifunctional materials. It permits to realise the prototypes adapted to the client's need with a limited time. This tool aims at measuring the relevance of design factors (raw material, process parameters and structural parameters), determining the relevant operation settings (acceptable range of design factors) related to the manufacturing process, and evaluating the global quality of prototypes using the multicriteria decision support methods
Enjolras, Manon. „Méthodologie d’analyse de la capacité à innover et à exporter des PME manufacturières et de procédés : identification et caractérisation d'un espace commun en vue de l'élaboration d'un outil multicritères d'aide à la décision“. Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LORR0149/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis research work aims to suggest a methodology for analyzing the innovation and export capabilities of SMEs working in the manufacturing and process sectors. This methodology is based on the identification and the characterization of a conceptual innovation/export common space representing the activities, the resources, the skills that a SME has to mobilize first and foremost in order to improve in a simultaneous way its performances concerning innovation and export. Working on the activities included in the common space allows the reduction of the effort associated with this performance improvement. This work contributes to the scientific research through various aspects. First of all, the innovation / export relationship in SMEs, traditionally thought in a causal way, was envisaged through the prism of the complexity paradigm. This theoretical contribution allowed the identification of an innovation/export common space. Then, this common space was characterized through the identification of joint activities. The identification of these joint activities is both a theoretical and managerial contribution because by improving one of these activities, companies activate a single lever which echoes simultaneously on innovation and export capabilities. In the context of SMEs, for whom the lack of resources is a major difficulty, it makes perfect sense. Finally, an evaluation methodology of the innovation and export capabilities based on this common space was designed so as to propose a multicriteria decision-making tool dedicated to SMEs. This tool was finally tested within manufacturing and process SMEs of the Lorraine region
Gzara, Mariem. „Méthode coopérative d'aide multicritère à l'ordonnancement flou“. Lille 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001LIL10117.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBaez, Senties Oscar. „Méthodologie d'aide à la décision multicritère pour l'ordonnancement d'ateliers discontinus“. Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2007. https://hal.science/tel-04595449.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleScheduling of electronic components manufacturing systems is identified as a complex task, mainly because of the typical features of the process scheme, such as cyclic flows and the high number of equipment items. Actually, production managers have to cope with various objectives, which contribute also to scheduling complexity. Discrete-event simulation (DES) is one of the most widely used methods to study, analyze, design, and improve manufacturing systems, however their applications in industrial processes takes an enormous computing time. In this study, we propose the DES substitution by an approach based on a neural network technique coupled with a multiobjective genetic algorithm for multi-decision scheduling problems in semiconductor wafer fabrication. The training phase of the neural network was performed by use of the previously developed discrete-event simulator, by using a backpropagation algorithm. The neural networks are then embedded in a multiobjective genetic algorithm (MOGA) to optimize the decision variables and to deal with the set of compromise solutions for the studied criteria, thus giving the optimal Pareto zone solutions. The computing time is then considerably reduced. The program efficiency is validate by means of a simplified industrial examples based on semiconductor manufacturing
Baez, Senties Oscar. „Méthodologie d'aide à la décision multicritère pour l'ordonnancement d'ateliers discontinus“. Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2007. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/7598/1/baez_senties.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleGeneste, Laurent. „Outils d'aide à la décision pour le pilotage d'atelier“. Toulouse 3, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995TOU30030.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleFarah, Mohamed. „Approche multicritère des problèmes de recherche documentaire“. Paris 9, 2006. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2006PA090028.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleResearch in Information Retrieval shows performance improvement when many sources of evidence are combined to produce a ranking of documents. When documents are evaluated according to some attributes or criteria, most current approaches assess document relevance by computing a single score which aggregates performance values w. R. T. These attributes. When only ranked lists of relevant documents are provided by multiple ‘blackbox’ methods, most current approaches combine these lists into one single output result set. In both cases, we propose ranking methods within a multiple criteria framework using aggregation mechanisms based on decision rules identifying positive and negative reasons for judging whether a document should get a better ranking than another. The proposed methods deal well with the Information Retrieval distinctive features. Experimental results are reported in both contexts
Bouyssou, Denis. „Méthodes d'aide multicritère à la décision : fondements et mise en œuvre“. Paris 9, 1990. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1990PA090032.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis text aims at introducing thirteen papers dealing with multiple criteria decision-aid. Its first part is devoted to the presentation of the conceptual framework of our research. In particular, we discuss the scope and limits of scientific research applied to decision-aid and the interest of using multiple criteria methods. The papers are presented in a second part. This presentation is structured around the following five themes : - a conceptual reflexion on decision-aid, - a detailed analysis of several decision-aid methods, - a reflexion on the notion of criterion, - a reflexion on the notions of family of criteria and aggregation procedures, - a theoretical analysis of aggregation procedures
Arondel, Cécile. „Mécanismes incitatifs agriculture-environnement et démarche d'aide multicritère à la décision“. Paris 9, 2000. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2000PA090038.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleElkhyari, Abdallah. „Outils d'aide à la décision pour des problèmes d'ordonnancement dynamiques“. Phd thesis, Université de Nantes, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00008377.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDuquesne, Ludovic. „Une approche d'aide multicritère à la décision pour l'acceptation d'une signalisation routière dynamique“. Valenciennes, 2009. http://ged.univ-valenciennes.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/ac3586a6-8235-4311-9824-0593c7f46113.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis research deals with road safety, specifically the design of a dynamic road sign system for drivers in situations potentially dangerous. The system seeks to better inform drivers by making the road signs that present road condition information more readable thus making it easier to negotiate these conditions and difficulties that result from interpreting visual information poorly. The specific goal was to develop a method for assessing road sign systems legally, economically, socially and individually. The multicriteria dimension of the method is due to the fact that what is acceptable from one point of view is not inevitably acceptable from another, and that it is impossible to separate the judgments. We initially established one model in each acceptability by direct discussions with experts. All of these models were then synthesized in an inter‐acceptability global model which consider all the acceptability together. Based on a multicriterion decision aid methodology, a synthesis and classification work made it possible to lead to a reading grid which will help a decision maker to choose an action. This grid was partially valued by experiments on real roads to approve the study
Le, Huédé Fabien. „Intégration d'un modèle d'Aide à la Décision Multicritère en Programmation Par Contraintes“. Paris 6, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA066540.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleJalkh, Naji Pierre. „Méthodologie multicritère d'aide à la décision et gestion de portefeuille en actions“. Paris 9, 2004. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2004PA090074.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleFerhat, Abdelhamid. „Méthodes interactives en programmation mathématique multicritère utilisant des relations de surclassement comme modèle de préférence“. Paris 9, 1996. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1996PA090010.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleKhouider, Smaïl. „Outils d'aide à la décision pour la prise de commandes imprévues“. Phd thesis, Université de Metz, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00606849.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleKhouider, Smaïl. „Outils d'aide à la décision pour la prise de commandes imprévues“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Metz, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008METZ039S.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe modern business universe is characterized by globalization of trade and diversification of players who comprise it. To survive in this environment, the company must lean to a set of solid business partners and thus be a strong outer structure that allow not only to survive in its environment but also to ensure sustainable development. In this context, the difficulty of decision-making is i the fact the company does not control all features (internal and external). This implies the need to find ways of coordinating able to mitigate the effects "harmful", ie inconsistencies resulting from the decisin-making. This thesis addresses the problem of decision-making to meet unforeseen orders. It is important because the satisfaction of orders is the is the essence of any enterprise business. In this context, the decision is opertional because the deadline to respond to a command is short. In addition, we voluntarily put in the position for which application are not prepared to forecast previously. Finally, companies that make up the network are considered autonomous in their decisions and their information systems. It is then a distributed architecture. The objective of this work is to develop processes and tools to support the decision to allow the satisfaction of an unexpected in the distribution chain
Mousseau, Vincent. „Problèmes liés à l'évaluation de l'importance relative des critères en aide multicritère à la décision : réflexions théoriques, expérimentations et implémentations informatiques“. Paris 9, 1993. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1993PA090018.
Der volle Inhalt der QuellePlantié, Michel. „Extraction automatique de connaissances pour la décision multicritère“. Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Saint-Etienne, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00353770.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLe modèle qui supporte notre système interactif d'aide à la décision de groupe (SIADG) s'appuie largement sur des traitements automatiques de la connaissance. Datamining, multicritère et optimisation sont autant de techniques qui viennent se compléter pour élaborer un artefact de décision qui s'apparente à une interprétation cybernétique du modèle décisionnel de l'économiste Simon. L'incertitude épistémique inhérente à une décision est mesurée par le risque décisionnel qui analyse les facteurs discriminants entre les alternatives. Plusieurs attitudes dans le contrôle du risque décisionnel peuvent être envisagées : le SIADG peut être utilisé pour valider, vérifier ou infirmer un point de vue. Dans tous les cas, le contrôle exercé sur l'incertitude épistémique n'est pas neutre quant à la dynamique du processus de décision. L'instrumentation de la phase d'apprentissage du processus décisionnel conduit ainsi à élaborer l'actionneur d'une boucle de rétroaction visant à asservir la dynamique de décision. Notre modèle apporte un éclairage formel des liens entre incertitude épistémique, risque décisionnel et stabilité de la décision.
Les concepts fondamentaux de connaissance actionnable (CA) et d'indexation automatique sur lesquels reposent nos modèles et outils de TALN sont analysés. La notion de connaissance actionnable trouve dans cette vision cybernétique de la décision une interprétation nouvelle : c'est la connaissance manipulée par l'actionneur du SIADG pour contrôler la dynamique décisionnelle. Une synthèse rapide des techniques d'apprentissage les plus éprouvées pour l'extraction automatique de connaissances en TALN est proposée. Toutes ces notions et techniques sont déclinées sur la problématique spécifique d'extraction automatique de CAs dans un processus d'évaluation multicritère. Enfin, l'exemple d'application d'un gérant de vidéoclub cherchant à optimiser ses investissements en fonction des préférences de sa clientèle reprend et illustre le processus informatisé dans sa globalité.
Yannacopoulos, Denis. „Mise en place et expérimentation d'un système interactif d'aide à la décision multicritère“. Paris 9, 1985. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1985PA090027.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleVillamil, Galvis Gloria Elizabeth. „Outils d'aide à la décision pour le renouvellement d'une flotte de véhicules“. Thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2014/29951/29951.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis thesis deals with the issues related to the vehicles fleet renewal. It presents de context, motivations and factors to consider in the renewal process. Decisions-making tools to support the development of the renewal plan, the selection of new vehicles and fleet maintenance management are proposed. The thesis also refers to the cost to consider throughout the life cycle of each vehicle. The contents of this thesis should prove useful to both fleet managers and researches interested in costs analysis with regard to the life cycle of vehicles within a perspective of sustainable development.
Sutour, Marie-Cécile. „Approche multicritère de la gestion des stocks et des approvisionnements“. Paris 9, 1993. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1993PA090014.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleFrom the insufficiencies of the classical models for inventory control, we point out the interest of a multicriteria approach in order to help a manager decide the rhythm and amount of the orders for each product according to its characteristics. For that matter, we focus on problems of comparisons, adjustments, robustness and decision-making aid to highlight the "best" policies within the frames of the two traditional types of inventory control and one or two storage levels. The work relies on the classical concept in multicriteria theory of "efficient border" in order to accord at best the conflicting criteria in the inventory control. The development of a tool reflecting our model is indispensable for our researches; they, in turn, enable it to become a genuine system for inventory control aid and a pedagogic tool
Bouzarour-Amokrane, Yasmina. „Structuration des processus d'aide à la décision par analyse bipolaire“. Toulouse 3, 2013. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/2322/.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe research presented in this thesis concerns the multi-criteria decision support field. This field aims at helping decision makers (DM) to face decisions involving several conflicting objectives. To deals with this, decision is addressed in a context where a group of alternatives is evaluated through a set of criteria (often contradictory) to estimate the potential of each to achieve the goals. The main concern of this research is to propose flexible structuring decision problem support for evaluating alternatives distinguishing between positive and negative aspects they present with regard to objectives achievement. Bipolar structure models are proposed first to evaluate the decision problems at the individual level. The synergistic relationships and potential interactions between the decision characteristics (attributes, alternative objectives) are modeled in a bipolar context and integrated into resolution approaches taking account the certain or uncertain environment in which the evaluation takes place. In a second part, group decision problems are discussed taking into account the impact of human behaviour (influence, individualism, fear, caution, etc. ) on decisional capacity at individual and collective levels. Valuation models and a consensus process are proposed in two relatively independent problem categories: social choice problems, and, strategic game problems
Yu, Wei. „Aide multicritère à la décision dans le cadre de la problématique du tri : concepts, méthodes et applications“. Paris 9, 1992. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1992PA090032.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis research is concerned by the field of multiple criteria decision aid. It aims at providing some elements of a general methodology for multiple criteria sorting problems and, more specifically, multiple criteria segmentation (MCS) problems. After showing some drawbacks of "classical" approaches, we focus our attention on the outranking approach. Some basic concepts and a general methodology are introduced. Considering elementary MCS problems, we develop and analyze several sorting procedures. By enlarging preference modelling to subsets of alternatives. We extended these procedures to the case of generalized MCS problems. In he last part, we present and illustrate, on a practical example, our software Electre tri, which is based on the Electre tri method described previously
Wang, Yiding. „Contribution à l’élaboration d'un système d'aide à la décision en conception initiale“. Lyon, INSA, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995ISAL0113.
Der volle Inhalt der Quelle[The design process of a mechanical abject is often characterised by design specifications. A first step in the design process involves the correct definition of the problem which consists in defining the functions to be satisfied and the underlying constraints. This yields to a functional design specification report. The choices to be made are obtained in an iterative way and with successive approximations by exploring the physical domain in order to identify the solutions. The design process is an multidisciplinary activity in which the intuitive decisions made by the designer play an important role. This thesis work presents the possible modellings and the decision making strategies based on the design theories, methodologies and available tools. We have finally elaborated a decision making system for conceptual design. The system is based on the axiomatic approach, logic reasoning and multi-criteria approach. The framework gives a way to model the iterative process in order to give an aid during the design project. The possible solutions are evaluated according to each criterion depending on the designer's judgement and on the context. ]
André, Stéphane. „Evaluation de la performance non financière des entreprises : apport des méthodes multicritère d’aide à la décision“. Paris 9, 2009. https://bu.dauphine.psl.eu/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2009PA090025.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleWith the strengthening of corporate social responsibility, performance evaluation within companies needs to be revised. In this context, our research aims to validate the interest of the Multicriteria Decision Analysis methodologies (MCDA). We propose a method called EPISSURE which allows non financial performance evaluation thanks to synthesis indicators, which are built in a four hierarchical levels and computed with MCDA tools. These indicators are implemented thanks a formalized process called “framed dialog”. The purpose of this “framed dialog” is to build a common vision about performance evaluation for all the shareholders. In order to validate EPISSURE, we conducted eight fields’ studies about environmental and sponsorship performance evaluation. EPISSURE is still working on four of these eight studies. Even if several limits have been pointed up, feedbacks seem to validate that EPISSURE could be considered as an added value in order to evaluate non financial performance
Guessoum, Yasmine. „La dynamique de convergence en Méditerranée : un système d'évaluation basé sur l'analyse multicritère“. Aix-Marseille 2, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006AIX24004.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleQuestions regarding to long-term growth and development outlook such as economic policy orientation and reformation programs require a decision-making support system able to take into account multidimensional aspects. Our results show that multicriteria analysis formerly applied to a microeconomic level can also be used at a country scale for macroeconomic estimations. More precisely, a software tool based on Electra methodologies is implemented to evaluate cross-country convergence with respect to predefined profiles (benchmarking process) and to get a snapshot through a comparative approach (rating process)
Botreau, Raphaelle. „Evaluation multicritère du bien-être animal : exemple des vaches laitières en ferme“. Paris, AgroParisTech, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008AGPT0008.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleJomaa, Dhia. „Outil d'aide à la décision dans le pilotage de plateforme logistique hospitalière : mise en place d'un module de préconisation de commandes“. Thesis, Saint-Etienne, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013STET4028.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleWe deal in this work with an implementation of a replenishment module within a pharmaceutical warehouse management system. Two main parts are treated : the classification topic and the forecasting topic. A literature review of multi criteria classification techniques allow us to define classification techniques and concept that suit the best the pharmaceutical problematic. Using these methods, a classification module is developed and integrated within the WMS system. A literature review about statistical forecasting techniques allow to choose in between extrapolation methods appropriate for the case of pharmaceutical consumption patterns. A forecasting module is then developed and integrated so to optimize the choice of the forecasting technique depending on the consumption pattern and make the calculations more accurate. The system developed was compared to an existing one using data from pharmaceutical platforms of Lyon hospital. Our system is proven more preferment in term of calculations accuracy but also inventory management performances
Scoyez, Sylvie. „Entre cohérences et tensions : les effets productifs des outils de gestion : une application aux outils de gestion des ressources humaines“. Lille 1, 1999. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/1999/50374-1999-24.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleCollard, Philippe. „Approche multicritère de l'évaluation de la qualité des ambiances intérieures : application aux bâtiments tertiaires“. Chambéry, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001CHAMS017.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMagnouni, Samir El. „Méthodologie d'aide a la décision pour l'évaluation et la gestion multicritère des ressources en eau souterraine“. Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993INPL039N.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleGrégoire, Pascal. „Modèle conceptuel d'aide à la décision multicritère pour le choix négocié d'un scénario de dragage maritime“. Artois, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004ARTO0201.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDredging works pose the problem of the transfer and what to do with the products to be evacuated, taking into account the economic repercussions and environmental aspects linked to protection of the environment. The environmental asssessment process, reinforced by study of the impact on the environment, within a context of information and participation of the actors concerned enables orientation of an iterative and negotiated approach that correponds to a social logic. Our aim is to make available to the numerous participants an oprerational tool for piloting operations that corresponds to the choice of thebest techniques and to theproblem what to do with the products. The approach we are proposing is based on multi-criteria analysis. This analysis takes into account the technical, economic,environmental, regulatory, health and social parameters, as well as their weighting. This weighting of criteria is necessary to assess the solutions or alternative variants in a context of durable development
Aboud, Talal. „Développement d'un système interactif d'aide à la decision utilisant un raisonnement approximatif : dans le cadre de la problématique de tri“. Paris 9, 1996. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1996PA090024.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleOuzilou, Olivier. „Intégration des incertitudes et du risque dans les méthodes d'aide à la décision appliquées à la planification énergétique de bâtiment et de quartier“. Aix-Marseille 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000AIX24022.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleHammami, Abdelkader. „Modélisation technico-économique d'une chaine logistique dans une entreprise réseau“. Saint-Etienne, EMSE, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/79/79/18/PDF/2003_Hammami_Abdelkader.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis thesis is a contribution to the study of the problem of designing and controlling a logistic chain in a network of firms. It specifically examines the case of a co-operative network where all the partners enjoy the same privileges. A decision aid procedure based on the concepts of multicriterion optimization was proposed. It takes into account the inherent problems of networks of firms. This procedure consists in distributing the activities to the members of the network. It ensures the satisfaction of short-term objectives such as performance improvement and supports long-term objectives, particularly the promotion of competences within the network. The procedure integrates stochastic aspect which can affect the total performance of the network. Concepts of reliability are used to integrate this aspect. The thesis led to contributions for designing and managing co-operative networks. These contributions support better competitiveness for the network and the partners who constitute it
Peña-Torres, Daniel. „Vers une gestion durable des ressources : une approche d'ingénierie des systèmes de processus pour les interfaces eau-énergie-alimentation“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Toulouse (2023-....), 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024TLSEP043.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleWater, energy, and food are critical resources required to meet basic human needs, ensure economic development, and achieve sustainable development goals. Global demand for these resources is steadily rising due to population growth and climate change. Compared to their 2012 values, reliance on water, energy, and food is projected to increase respectively by 40, 50, and 35 percent by the year 2050. In addition, it is expected that the atmosphere will continue to warm up during the twenty-first century, putting even more pressure on energy use, water availability, and food production. These pressures can result in conflicts, for example, over disputed land and resources. To ensure safe access to water, energy, and food for human development, it is important for planners and policy makers to incorporate various vulnerabilities when designing strategies to reduce climate risks. Moreover, water, energy, and food are highly interrelated, presenting both synergisms and trade-offs along their supply chains. The connection of these three resources and the study of their interdependencies has been referred to in the literature as the Water Energy Food Nexus (WEFN). This dissertation explores the Water Energy Food Nexus, examining the intricate interdependencies and potential conflicts along their supply chain.Within the challenges present in WEFN systems, effective decision-making tools are indispensable. Process Systems Engineering (PSE) tools offer promising avenues for managing WEFN systems. This thesis conducts a thorough literature review, identifying gaps in existing optimization models for WEFN management. Subsequently, a generic multi-objective optimization model is formulated and applied to a real-case study at a regional scale, with sensitivity analyses revealing diverse scenarios. Recognizing the roles of various agents and actors within WEFN systems, a multi-agent analysis, coupled with a multi-criteria decision analysis is executed. The tools and methodologies developed in this study not only contribute to the PSE community, but also provide benchmarks for a comparative analysis of WEFN systems. This research emphasizes the vital role of PSE in addressing complexities of WEFN systems, offering insights for planners and policymakers dealing with the critical interdependencies of water, energy, and food resources
Hurson, Christian. „La gestion de portefeuilles boursiers et l'aide multicritère à la décision“. Aix-Marseille 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996AIX24002.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMartins, Carolina Lino. „Système d'aide à la décision multicritère orienté Web pour la répartition des ressources des universités publiques brésiliennes“. Thesis, Toulouse 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TOU10065/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe allocation of scarce resources is a complex problem, especially when it comes to budget constraints. Thus, this work aims to propose a multicriteria web-based Decision Support System for resource allocation in the context of higher education organizations, more precisely, public universities that have budget constraints, such as Brazilian federal universities. To do so, a Brazilian federal university was chosen as an end-user to make a numerical application to validate the multicriteria model for resource allocation proposed and, afterward, a web-based DSS was developed. For the MCDM resource allocation model, an additive value function was considered to set the percentage of the total budget that every alternative should receive. The problem was seen as a special case of project portfolio selection problem because its approach is deemed to be appropriate for a resource allocation decision context. For the web-based DSS, the analysis was carried out by developing a DSS Database model to store and retrieve data, defining the user’s interface based on his detailed requirement analysis and using a web platform to transform the prototype into a web-based system. The results were achieved. The system provided a clear vision on how the resource allocation procedure works, the entire process became more transparent to the ones that are affected by it, to the decision makers and to the government, enabling them to take safer and reliable decisions, seeking to reduce uncertainties and to maximize their results. The multicriteria web-based DSS presented here could be extended and applied by other federal universities in Brazil or other countries, adapting the alternatives and criteria for each specific internal allocation model and to the DM needs
Benabbou, Loubna. „Contributions à la classificaton supervisée multi-classes et multicritère en aide à la décision“. Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/20646.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleStathopoulos, Nikolas. „Pour une conception territoriale des réseaux : modèles conceptuels, aspects stratégiques et outils d'aide à la décision“. Paris 9, 1990. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1990PA090031.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDesigning transportation networks for the future is a challenge for most great urban areas. For the designer, this is a highly complex problem due to its combinatorial aspects and the necessity to take into account "territorial factors", like local urban space policies, spatial integration of transportation modes and multitude of local actors. Traditional methods and procedures of networks design seem to be inappropriate for this task, because they mainly ignore the territorial character of infrastructure networks. This thesis -based on a unified approach to infrastructure networks- tries to specify the models, the methods and the procedures that are needed for "a territorial design" of urban transportation networks. Thus, we present two decision support systems (Retis and Eter) for computer assisted bus network design, developed and used for the "pilot sectors" operations of the RATP (Régie Autonome des Transports Parisiens). We analyze the efficiency on a real case of network design and the contribution to the network design process of these two interactive graphic tools
Ravat, Franck. „Modèles et outils pour la conception et la manipulation de systèmes d'aide à la décision“. Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université des Sciences Sociales - Toulouse I, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00379779.
Der volle Inhalt der QuellePour les ED, notre objectif a été d'apporter des solutions pour la modélisation de l'évolution des données décisionnelles (extension de modèle objet) et pour l'intégration de données textuelles sans en fixer le schéma à priori. Pour les MD, nous avons proposé un modèle multidimensionnel de base avec différentes extensions répondant aux besoins des décideurs. Ces extensions permettent de prendre en compte la gestion d'indicateurs et de données textuelles, l'évolution temporelle (versions), la cohérence des données et de ses analyses (contraintes sémantiques), l'intégration et la capitalisation de l'expertise des décideurs (annotations) ainsi que la personnalisation des schémas multidimensionnels (poids). Ces travaux ont été complétés par la proposition d'une démarche de conception qui présente l'avantage de prendre en compte les besoins des décideurs et les sources de données. Cette démarche permet de modéliser aussi bien l'aspect statique (données décisionnelles) que l'aspect dynamique (processus d'alimentation du SAD).
D'un point de vue manipulation des données, nous avons proposé une algèbre complétée d'un langage graphique orienté décideur et d'un langage déclaratif. Nos propositions ont été validées par la participation à différents projets ainsi que le co-encadrement de 5 thèses de doctorat et le suivi de travaux de plusieurs Master Recherche.
Tournois, Guy. „Les nouvelles problématiques de la gestion de patrimoine : concepts et outils d'aide à la décision“. Nice, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996NICE0027.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe notion of inheritance is complex. Beyond the legal and the economic aspects, we note that the inheritance became a strategic data and one of the key concepts of the social organization. We study investment management through his different modes of operation, his functional aspects and his strategic aspects, banks, notaries, insurers. . . Having this activity as a major axis of development. Investment management can be divided within three running steps : the first step is "legal social psychology", the second one is discovery, the third one is analysis of economic cycles, all the informations leading to a concept of patriminial expert appraisement. At least, investment management moves in a context of world wide and global markets. We try to give a definition of the customers through a typology test. The client approach is brought about by two ways : the first one we call "classic cyclical by product", the second one which gives a good answer to the complexification of investment management is called "modern structural approach by client". The reorganization of the banking system based on a network structure leads to the concept of "vertical market" where the competitors exploit nichemarkets corresponding to their ability. The "counsel sale" can be developped thanks to the use of an expert system, a making decision tool