Dissertationen zum Thema „Outil statique“
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PARMENTELAT, THIERRY. „Metropol : un outil de mesure statique sur les arbres centaur“. Paris, CNAM, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991CNAM0128.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMerdassi, Asma. „Outil d'aide à la modélisation moyenne de convertisseurs statiques pour la simulation de systèmes mécatroniques“. Phd thesis, Grenoble INPG, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00434953.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMerdassi, Asma. „Outil d'aide à la modélisation moyenne de convertisseurs statiques pour la simulation de systèmes mécatroniques“. Phd thesis, Grenoble INPG, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009INPG0099.
Der volle Inhalt der QuellePower electronics models of static converters are useful in a huge set of applications. They are used for component sizing, as well for control adjustment, control or behaviour simulation. In this context, average models are a good compromise between complexity, computation time and acceptable accuracy for system simulation. However, they may be difficult to create, especially when the structures of the studied converters are complex and their control involves uncontrolled commutations. Our work focuses on the way to carry out automatically such a process by using a symbolic treatment. We propose an automatic building approach of both exact and average models by using a software tool. This one is named AMG (for Average Model Generator) and has been developed in our works. This tool is dedicated to the average modelling of power electronics converters. It deals with some discontinuous conduction modes and continuous conduction modes. The models are created from the description of the structure of the static converter (i. E. Its netlist), its operating mode and its control. In the architecture of AMG, three steps are important: the analysis of the circuit, the extraction of the state matrixes for each configuration of the static converter and finally the building of the global state model. The generated models are generated under their symbolic forma and in Modelica and VHDL-AMS languages; so this allows their simulation in several software. The modelling of several static converters is presented to show the possibilities of AMG
Dau, Anh Tuan. „Elaboration d’un outil numérique reliant les échelles micro/méso d’un composite thermoplastique sensible à l’humidité et à la température en quasi-statique“. Thesis, Ecole centrale de Nantes, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019ECDN0004/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe objective of this PhD thesis is to create a methodology to simulate the behavior of a 2x2 glass/PA66 twill composite using homogenization. To achieve this goal, we use two steps: first one is dedicated to represent the yarn behavior and the second one to represent the behavior of the composite RVE. An experimental characterization campaign about the PA66 has been done in order to quantify the influence of both hygrometry and temperature on the behavior of the matrix in quasi-static. Then, we formulated, implemented and validated an isotropic elasto-plastic damageable constitutive law. It was used to identify by homogenization the behavior of the yarns by assuming a perfect bonding of the fibers and the matrix as well as a water homogeneity inside the yarn. Thanks to the identified behavior of the yarns and by formulating a compatible constitutive law (anisotropic elasto-plastic damageable), we have determined for the woven composite on one hand the elastic properties and in the other hand the longitudinal/transversal and shear nonlinear behaviors. The comparisons of the numerical and experimental results offer satisfactory results. It provides good outlook in short-term in regard of structures design which include this type of woven composite materials. The main advantage of the methodology is to decrease the number of required experimental tests. Some outlook dedicated to crash studies are finally suggested
Enjalbert, Gérard. „Développement d'un outil de conception assistée par ordinateur : le logiciel circuit“. Grenoble INPG, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989INPG0095.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleOikonomopoulou, Apostolia. „APPROCHES NUMERIQUES POUR L'ETUDE DU COMPORTEMENT DES STRUCTURES MAÇONNEES ANCIENNES : Un outil basé sur le Calcul à la Rupture et la visualisation graphique“. Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00493588.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAl-Kassar, Feras. „Testability Tarpits - Navigating the Challenges of Static Tools in Web Applications“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023SORUS675.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe goal of this thesis was to evaluate the effectiveness of a combination of commercial and open source security scanners. Through experimentation, we identified various code patterns that hinder the ability of state-of-the-art tools to analyze projects. By detecting these patterns during the software development lifecycle, our approach can offer valuable feedback to developers regarding the testability of their code. Additionally, it enables them to more accurately evaluate the residual risk that their code might still contain vulnerabilities, even if static analyzers report no findings. Our approach also suggests alternative methods to transform the code and enhance its testability for SAST
Gauvin, Laetitia. „Modélisation de systèmes socio-économiques à l'aide des outils de physique statique“. Paris 6, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA066425.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleEcorchard, Gaël. „Amélioration de la précision statique des machines-outils à cinématique parallèle redondante“. Rennes, INSA, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009ISAR0022.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleRedundant parallel kinematic machines are parallel mechanisms to which one or more kinematic branch is added in order to improve their mechanical properties. New calibration methods are developed in this thesis in order to deal with the particularities related to the actuation redundancy. First, calibration methods using geometrical models are tested. Geometrical calibration methods, however, do not take into account the elastic deformations due to the internal constraints related to the redundancy. Modeling methods are then developed that take into account the geometry of the mechanism as well as the stiffness of its elements to improve the accuracy of the calibration. With such modeling methods, it is possible to determine the tool-center-point position for redundantly actuated parallel mechanisms from geometrical and stiffness parameters and given positions for all actuators
Metin, Hakan. „Exploitation des symétries dynamiques pour la résolution des problèmes SAT“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUS552.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBoolean satisfiability (SAT) solves the problem of finding a solution to a propositional Boolean formula. This NP-complete problem can model a wide variety of industrial and academic problems covering planning, formal verification, logic optimization... Many systems in practice exhibit symmetries, that can allow to reason on a quotient abstraction of the search space that can be exponentially smaller than the full search space in favorable cases. In this thesis, we explore how to exploit symmetry to improve the performance of SAT solvers. Existing approaches to exploit symmetries in SAT solving, consist in computing the symmetries of the problem then generating so-called static "symmetry breaking predicates" (sbps) that are added to the problem, forcing the solver to adopt only one representative for each equivalence class. The problem with this approach is that the number of additional constraints can be larger than the original system, and may overload the solver. The first contribution of this thesis called CDCL[sym] is a novel lightweight and dynamic algorithm, that only introduces these additional sbps opportunistically as the solver progresses. A second approach to exploit symmetries consists in so-called dynamic symmetry breaking that is concerned with symmetric propagation of the deductions of the solver when possible. This approach solves some models that static symmetry breaking cannot solve, and vice-versa. In our second contribution of this thesis, we combine this strategy with the previous approach, enabling for the first time on the fly propagation of symmetric deductions while still gaining the benefits of CDCL[sym]
Ben, Ouezdou Fethi. „Outils d'aide a la conception de robots a locomotion articulee. Analyses statique, cinematique et dynamique“. Paris 6, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA066402.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDelbove, Julien. „Contribution aux outils de simulation aéroélastique des aéronefs : prédiction du flottement et déformation statique des voilures“. Toulouse, ENSAE, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005ESAE0006.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleCharki, Abdérafi. „Modélisation du comportement statique et dynamique des paliers à air à orifices. Application à la conception de broches“. Compiègne, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000COMP1313.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAlliet, Marion. „Concepts et outils logiciels pour l'aide à l'analyse des résultats de simulations statiques de procédés“. Toulouse, INPT, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997INPT004G.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLecocq, Pascal. „Simulation d'éclairage temps réel par des sources lumineuses mobiles et statiques : outils pour la simulation de conduite“. Université de Marne-la-Vallée, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001MARN0122.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMerheb, Rania. „Fiabilité des outils de prévision du comportement des systèmes thermiques complexes“. Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00969036.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleGroud, Alain. „Contribution à l'analyse des systèmes électrotechniques complexes : méthodes et outils appliqués à l'étude des harmoniques“. Grenoble INPG, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997INPG0085.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleElements (static converters, machine, load,. . . ), closely interacting. This work attempts to study such interactions considering harmonic disturbanc,es, and to determine, or build the best compUtation tools for analysis and further 'optimisation of the systems. The common solution consists inusing heavy simulation programs and spectra computation algorithms. But it is too time and memory consuming; it does not help much in understanding the phenomena, and the validity of the. Results is questionable. That is why simplified models and optimised procedures must be looked for, to analyse the phenomena. Such anapproach implies the system to be civided in elements, using functionnal or physical criteria. Then the interactions to study must be defined, and consequently a model chosen for each of the elelements and,its environment. Finaly, the best calculation tool must be chosen. An harnonic analysis method, able to take into account mutual interactions between source, converter and machine is proposed. It provises a gread precision. It the case under study, it has been shown that the interactjons are not significant and that the global model can be simplified. The method is also applied to an example of electromagnetic compatibility. In this case, time and memory consumption are significantly reduced. The optimisation problem has not been faced yet, but this work presents a first step towards a generalised scheme for complex systems analysis, in a minimised computation volume.
Raelijohn, Erick F. „Vérification des patrons temporels d’utilisation d’API sans exécution du code : une approche et un outil“. Thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/24332.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn modern software development, reuse takes the form of using libraries that expose their functionality via Application Programming Interfaces (APIs). In theory, APIs allow developers to write client code that reuses library code without needing to know its internals. In practice, correctly using APIs requires respecting explicit and implicit constraints and usage patterns. This allows developers to use functionality proposed by API so that they can focus directly on the task they want to achieve. APIs require a significant effort from the developer to learn various usage constraint. Ignoring such patterns could lead to errors and design flaws. These often cannot be detected prior to integration and system testing. Researchers have attempted to solve this problem by extracting API usage patterns and analyzing client code traces for conformance. However, dynamic analysis is still impossible to perform early without a minimum of integration and execution. We propose the Temporal Usage PAttern Checker (Tupac) for API, an interprocedural static analysis approach that can verify that client code conforms to temporal API usage patterns as it is being developed. Tupac can be deployed inside an Integrated Development Environment (IDE), thus providing developers with feedback about API usage much earlier in the development process. We evaluated the effectiveness of our approach on four projects with four different APIs. Our evaluation shows that Tupac has good precision and interesting recall. Crucially, we also show that it takes, on average, half a second to check an entire project for conformance to a pattern, meaning that it can realistically be deployed in the regular coding rhythm
Brouillette-Alarie, Sébastien. „L’évaluation du risque de récidive des agresseurs sexuels : vers une approche centrée sur les construits psychologiques“. Thèse, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/18446.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLes outils actuariels servant à évaluer le risque de récidive criminelle des agresseurs sexuels ont souvent été critiqués pour leurs fondements « athéoriques ». En effet, ces derniers ont été constitués en rassemblant les caractéristiques les plus fortement associées à la récidive, sans qu’une théorie ne les unisse à priori. Si cette méthode a assuré une bonne validité prédictive à ces instruments, elle leur a insufflé très peu de résonnance clinique; plusieurs professionnels n’y voient qu’une liste de corrélats statistiques vides de sens. La présente thèse a entrepris de relativiser ces critiques en appliquant des modèles de facteurs latents aux différents items des outils actuariels. Les modèles de facteurs latents postulent que les comportements manifestes (observables) d’un individu renseignent sur ses caractéristiques psychologiques latentes (non observables) – de la même manière que les symptômes d’une maladie permettent d’inférer sa présence chez un patient. Puisque les items des outils actuariels correspondent à divers comportements ou caractéristiques criminogènes manifestes, il devrait être possible de les rassembler en dimensions pour identifier les principaux construits psychologiques latents associés à la récidive des agresseurs sexuels. Les articles de la présente thèse ont donc proposé d’identifier les dimensions de la Statique-99R et de la Statique-2002R, la famille d’outils actuariels pour agresseurs sexuels la plus utilisée mondialement. Trois dimensions ont été extraites par analyse factorielle : 1) la persistance dans les délits sexuels/paraphilies sexuelles, 2) la délinquance générale et 3) le jeune âge/victimes sexuelles non familières. La première dimension était exclusivement associée à la récidive sexuelle, tandis que les deux dernières étaient associées à tous les types de récidives. Leur validité convergente a ensuite été explorée afin d’évaluer à quelles caractéristiques psychologiques ces dernières référaient. La persistance/paraphilie a convergé avec des indicateurs d’intérêts sexuels déviants non coercitifs, alors que la délinquance générale a convergé avec une constellation de traits antisociaux. Finalement, le jeune âge/victimes sexuelles non familières a convergé avec l’intention claire de blesser ses victimes. Ces résultats ont mené au développement d’un modèle tridimensionnel du risque de récidive des agresseurs sexuels ayant plusieurs implications pratiques pour le domaine. D’une part, les outils actuariels gagneraient à utiliser des scores dimensionnels plutôt que des scores totaux. Par exemple, en retirant la dimension de persistance/paraphilie de la Statique-99R/2002R, il est possible de prédire efficacement la récidive violente non sexuelle et non sexuelle non violente des agresseurs sexuels, ce que l’instrument ne permettait pas précédemment. D’autre part, la connaissance des grandes dimensions de facteurs de risque est susceptible d’aider les évaluateurs à choisir et intégrer plusieurs mesures actuarielles. Cela se révèle particulièrement pertinent lorsque deux mesures du risque divergent, malgré qu’elles aient été conçues pour la même population. Finalement, nos résultats indiquent que les facteurs de risque statiques sont susceptibles de renseigner (imparfaitement) la pratique clinique quant aux besoins criminogènes des agresseurs sexuels. Bien que nous ne suggérions aucunement de substituer cette pratique à la cotation d’outils actuariels de troisième génération, elle pourrait se révéler pertinente pour les établissements n’ayant pas les ressources nécessaires pour coter de tels instruments. Au plan théorique, le modèle tridimensionnel comporte plusieurs avantages par rapport aux modèles à deux dimensions, traditionnellement constitués de la déviance sexuelle et de la délinquance générale/psychopathie (ex. : Doren, 2004). D’une part, les données empiriques supportent clairement la présence de trois dimensions du risque de récidive des agresseurs sexuels, et non deux. D’autre part, la troisième dimension permet d’intégrer une nuance importante au modèle, soit la distinction entre les intérêts sexuels déviants par leur objet de désir (ex. : pédophilie) et les intérêts sexuels déviants par leur aspect coercitif (ex. : sadisme sexuel). Cette distinction est primordiale, dans la mesure où ces intérêts sexuels ne prédisent pas les mêmes types de récidives. Finalement, notre modèle s’intègre au modèle étiologique du risque de Beech et Ward (2004), qui, lorsque complètement validé, pourra donner lieu à des efforts de prévention – une denrée rare dans le domaine.
Actuarial scales for the prediction of sexual violence have been criticised because they are purely based on atheoretical correlates. Therefore, they are unlikely to provide clinical and theoretical insight on the psychological traits and mechanisms that underlie criminal recidivism. However, according to latent variable models commonly used in psychology, patterns of behavior, thought, and emotion are caused by latent psychological constructs, such as extraversion and neuroticism. Because static and stable risk factors in actuarial scales are mostly behavioral, it should be possible to use them to infer the major psychological constructs responsible for recidivism risk. The current thesis applied latent variable models to nonredundant items from the Static-99R and Static-2002R, the two most commonly used risk tools for sexual offenders. Three dimensions were identified: 1) persistence in sexual crimes/paraphilia, 2) general criminality, and 3) youthful stranger aggression. To understand the psychological meaning of these dimensions, convergent and predictive validity analyses were conducted. Results indicated that persistence/paraphilia was related to dysregulation of sexuality towards atypical objects, without intent to harm, while general criminality was related to antisocial traits. Finally, youthful stranger aggression was related to a clear intent to harm victims. All three constructs predicted sexual recidivism with similar accuracy, but only general criminality and youthful stranger aggression predicted nonsexual recidivism. These results suggest that a tridimensional model of sexual offender risk is viable. That model has numerous practical implications. First, actuarial scales should sort items by constructs rather than rely on total scores. Total scores focus the predictive utility of risk scales to the specific outcome for which they were developed (usually sexual recidivism). When constructs are known, it is possible to improve the prediction of other outcomes by removing constructs unrelated to each of these new outcomes (e.g., removing sexual criminality items to improve the prediction of nonsexual recidivism). Second, construct-level approaches facilitate the integration of potentially conflicting risk scales. By understanding the constructs assessed by each scale, an evaluator can deduce which measures should be combined, and which should not. Finally, static risk constructs significantly correlate with psychological features that are found in dynamic risk scales. Consequently, scales composed entirely of static risk factors could – albeit imperfectly – inform the treatment needs of sexual offenders. These results could assist settings lacking the resources to implement dynamic risk tools. The tridimensional model also has theoretical implications. First, our model showed better statistical fit than classical two factor models based on sexual deviance and psychopathy (e.g., Doren, 2004), suggesting that there are more than two substantive dimensions related to sexual offender recidivism risk. Second, the presence of a third factor enabled an important distinction between noncoercive (e.g., fixated pedophilia) and coercive (e.g., sexual sadism) deviant sexual interests. Such a distinction is particularly relevant in the field of risk assessment, because they do not predict the same types of recidivism. Finally, our model can be integrated in Beech and Ward’s (2004) etiological model of risk, which, once fully validated, could enable primary and secondary prevention efforts.
Considine, Breandan. „Programming tools for intelligent systems“. Thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/24310.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleProgramming tools are computer programs which help humans program computers. Tools come in all shapes and forms, from editors and compilers to debuggers and profilers. Each of these tools facilitates a core task in the programming workflow which consumes cognitive resources when performed manually. In this thesis, we explore several tools that facilitate the process of building intelligent systems, and which reduce the cognitive effort required to design, develop, test and deploy intelligent software systems. First, we introduce an integrated development environment (IDE) for programming Robot Operating System (ROS) applications, called Hatchery (Chapter 2). Second, we describe Kotlin∇, a language and type system for differentiable programming, an emerging paradigm in machine learning (Chapter 3). Third, we propose a new algorithm for automatically testing differentiable programs, drawing inspiration from techniques in adversarial and metamorphic testing (Chapter 4), and demonstrate its empirical efficiency in the regression setting. Fourth, we explore a container infrastructure based on Docker, which enables reproducible deployment of ROS applications on the Duckietown platform (Chapter 5). Finally, we reflect on the current state of programming tools for these applications and speculate what intelligent systems programming might look like in the future (Chapter 6).