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1
Dickenson-Hazard, Nancy. „Resource helps nurses help others“. Nursing Management (Springhouse) 35, Nr. 5 (Mai 2004): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006247-200405000-00005.
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Wu, Xiu Guo. „Resource Representation in Migrating Workflow System Modeling“. Advanced Materials Research 424-425 (Januar 2012): 709–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.424-425.709.
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Workflow is a critical enabler for achieving enterprise competitiveness with today’s hot technologies, as portals, e-business and e-commerce. Workflow modeling is the first step before workflow executes, and resources can become important decision factors. The lack of resources can cause contention, the need for some tasks to wait for others to complete, and the slowing down of the accomplishment of larger goals. In this paper, we discuss the resource model in workflow system, and define the resource-constrained model. The main merit of resource model is that it bridges the gap between the human and the machine level problem solving.
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Трофимова, Tatyana Trofimova, Коржов und Sergey Korzhov. „Resource saving tillage technologies“. Forestry Engineering Journal 4, Nr. 1 (21.04.2014): 200–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/3370.
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The basic ways of energy-saving methods of the basic soil cultivation in Central Chernozem Region are suggested. Reducing the depth of primary tillage, replacement of moldboard plowing for subsurface soil loosening, combination of several operations and methods in one working process by the use of combined units and wide-coverage units and module-block complexes, the use of "gentle" tillage technologies: lane, zero and others.
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D’Oria, Laura, T. Russell Crook, David J. Ketchen, David G. Sirmon und Mike Wright. „The Evolution of Resource-Based Inquiry: A Review and Meta-Analytic Integration of the Strategic Resources–Actions–Performance Pathway“. Journal of Management 47, Nr. 6 (19.03.2021): 1383–429. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0149206321994182.
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Understanding why some firms outperform others is central to strategy research. The resource-based view (RBV) suggests that competitive advantages arise due to possessing strategic resources (i.e., assets that are valuable, rare, nonsubstitutable, and inimitable), and researchers have extended this logic to explain performance differences. However, RBV is relatively silent about the actions managers could use to create or capitalize on a resource-based advantage. Enriching RBV, the resource orchestration framework describes specific managerial actions that use such resources to realize performance gains. After reviewing the conceptual evolution of these two literature streams as well as related streams, we use meta-analytic structural equation modeling to aggregate evidence from 255 samples involving 111,614 observations to answer outstanding research questions regarding the strategic resources–actions–performance pathway. The results show strong complementarity and interdependence between their logics. Additional inquiry drawing on their complementarity is a clear path toward enhancing scholars’ understanding of how and why some firms outperform others. We build on our findings to lay a foundation for such inquiry, including a call for theorizing centered on the interdependence of resources and actions, as well as new theoretical terrain that can help resource-based inquiry continue to evolve.
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Horlick, Gary. „John Jackson as a Resource for Scholars and Others“. Journal of International Economic Law 19, Nr. 2 (13.05.2016): 401–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jiel/jgw040.
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Dunford, Richard W., Sara P. Hudson und William H. Desvousges. „Linkages between Oil Spill Removal Activities and Natural Resource Damages“. International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 1991, Nr. 1 (01.03.1991): 377–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-1991-1-377.
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ABSTRACT The new Oil Pollution Act of 1990 defines natural resource damages from oil spills as the sum of the cost to restore foregone natural resource services, the diminution of value of natural resource services prior to restoration, and damage assessment costs. Natural resource damages are usually determined once removal activities (containment, protection, and cleanup) are completed. Nevertheless, removal activities affect the magnitude of all three natural resource damage components. Consequently, to minimize the total cost of oil spills, decisions on removal activities should consider the linkages between removal activities and natural resource damages. Successful containment results in minimal natural resource damages, because oil generally does far less damage to natural resources in open water than on shore. If oil cannot be contained, the potential natural resource damages from oil coming ashore in certain areas can help determine priorities for protection activities. In particular, oil may harm natural resource services much more in some areas than in others. Furthermore, some natural resource services are more costly to restore and assess than others. Finally, some cleanup activities do more harm than good to natural resource services. If the effects of cleanup activities on natural resource damages are ignored, “excessive” cleanup activities are likely.
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WANG, JIACUN, und DEMIN LI. „RESOURCE ORIENTED WORKFLOW NETS AND WORKFLOW RESOURCE REQUIREMENT ANALYSIS“. International Journal of Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering 23, Nr. 05 (Juni 2013): 677–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218194013400135.
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Petri nets are a powerful formalism in modeling workflows. A workflow determines the flow of work according to pre-defined business process. In many situations, business processes are constrained by scarce resources. The lack of resources can cause contention, the need for some tasks to wait for others to complete, which slows down the accomplishment of larger goals. In our previous work, a resource-constrained workflow model was introduced and a resource requirement analysis approach was developed for emergency response workflows, in which support of on-the-fly workflow change is critical [14]. In this paper, we propose a Petri net based approach for recourse requirements analysis, which can be used for more general purposes. The concept of resource-oriented workflow nets (ROWN) is introduced and the transition firing rules of ROWN are presented. Resource requirements for general workflows can be done through reachability analysis. An efficient resource analysis algorithm is developed for a class of well-structured workflows, in which when a task execution is started it is guaranteed to finish successfully. For a task that may fail in the middle of execution, an equivalent non-failing task model in terms of resource consumption is developed.
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Xu, Xin, und Huiqun Yu. „A Game Theory Approach to Fair and Efficient Resource Allocation in Cloud Computing“. Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2014 (2014): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/915878.
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On-demand resource management is a key characteristic of cloud computing. Cloud providers should support the computational resource sharing in a fair way to ensure that no user gets much better resources than others. Another goal is to improve the resource utilization by minimizing the resource fragmentation when mapping virtual machines to physical servers. The focus of this paper is the proposal of a game theoretic resources allocation algorithm that considers the fairness among users and the resources utilization for both. The experiments with an FUGA implementation on an 8-node server cluster show the optimality of this algorithm in keeping fairness by comparing with the evaluation of the Hadoop scheduler. The simulations based on Google workload trace demonstrate that the algorithm is able to reduce resource wastage and achieve a better resource utilization rate than other allocation mechanisms.
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Parks, Craig D., Xiaojing Xu und Paul A. M. Van Lange. „Does information about others’ behavior undermine cooperation in social dilemmas?“ Group Processes & Intergroup Relations 20, Nr. 2 (27.07.2016): 260–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1368430215612220.
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This project addresses how and why behavior in a resource dilemma differs when one only knows the choices of others versus only knows the state of the resource. Study 1 suggested that resource information is more valuable than social information, in that if the resource can be monitored, whether or not others’ choices can also be monitored has no impact on behavior. However, if the state of the resource is not known, the ability to know what others are doing is critical for cooperation. This seems to be because resource information encourages planning and long-term thinking, and social information encourages comparative thinking. Study 2 replicated the behavior pattern, revealed—surprisingly—that warnings that a resource is critically low undermine (rather than promote) cooperation, and that such responses depend on the availability of social and environmental information. Discussion focuses on how incomplete information about a resource might be addressed.
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Özturan, Can. „Resource Bartering in Data Grids“. Scientific Programming 12, Nr. 3 (2004): 155–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2004/601381.
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We present models for bartering of resources on grids. Bartering models can be useful for making resource allocation decisions in grids and perhaps even for building a so called barter grid whereby distributed resources such as electronic media can be bartered. Grids allow various resources to be shared among many users. This sharing however definitely does not mean that everyone will have unrestricted use of the resources. Some mechanism such as pricing or quotas can be employed in order to enforce controlled sharing of resources. A barter model for resource sharing can enable people or computer centers to directly get something in return for letting their resources to be used by others. We utilize directed hypergraphs to develop a barter model in which multiple resources can be traded. We prove that the decision version of the multi-resource bartering problem is NP-complete. We present an integer programming formulation for the bartering problem. We also present a linear time algorithm to compute components that may contain feasible bartering solutions. We generalize our multi-resource bartering formulation to the case where multiple instances of resources are present. Finally, we present various computational results from our software that makes use of LP_SOLVE and CPLEX mixed integer programming libraries to solve example bartering problems.
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Liu, Xu, Xiaoqiang Di, Jinqing Li, Huan Wang, Jianping Zhao, Huamin Yang, Ligang Cong und Yuming Jiang. „Allocating Limited Resources to Protect a Massive Number of Targets Using a Game Theoretic Model“. Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2019 (13.03.2019): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/5475341.
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Resource allocation is the process of optimizing the rare resources. In the area of security, how to allocate limited resources to protect a massive number of targets is especially challenging. This paper addresses this resource allocation issue by constructing a game theoretic model. A defender and an attacker are players and the interaction is formulated as a trade-off between protecting targets and consuming resources. The action cost which is a necessary role of consuming resource is considered in the proposed model. Additionally, a bounded rational behavior model (quantal response: QR), which simulates a human attacker of the adversarial nature, is introduced to improve the proposed model. To validate the proposed model, we compare the different utility functions and resource allocation strategies. The comparison results suggest that the proposed resource allocation strategy performs better than others in the perspective of utility and resource effectiveness.
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Pearson, R. A. „Resource requirements for draught animal power“. BSAP Occasional Publication 16 (1993): 57–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263967x00031074.
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AbstractThe place of draught animal power on farms in tropical agriculture is discussed. In some areas of the world draught animal power is traditional, in others it is a relatively new technology. There are situations which fall between the two, but when thinking about resolving technical and more particularly socio-economic constraints it is often useful to be aware of these two categories. While some of the problems encountered are universal, other problems can be more specific to a particular situation or country.In this paper some of the issues are discussed. These include the energy requirements for work, the provision of food, particularly in ‘new’ draught animal areas, the consequences of using draught cows in traditional systems, disease treatment and two examples of country specific problems. In some cases strategies to cope with these issues are available, largely as a result of research, in others it is apparent that more information is required.
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Sato, Jin. „Resource Politics and State-Society Relations: Why Are Certain States More Inclusive than Others?“ Comparative Studies in Society and History 56, Nr. 3 (Juli 2014): 745–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0010417514000310.
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AbstractWhy do some states resort to more exclusive top-down management of natural resources, while others tend to be more inclusive and solicit participation from civil society? By rejecting the simple characterization of the state within the narrow spectrum of “weak” and “strong,” this article investigates resource-mediated relations in the peripheral social groups that the state has sought to transform as part of the process of modernization. Focusing on Siam and Japan, I highlight alternative explanations based on ethnicity and labor, bureaucratic mindset, and agro-ecological conditions. I argue that the more embedded nature of the labor force in resources sectors made it necessary for the Japanese government to engage with marginal people, whereas the enclave nature of such sectors in Siam allowed elites to establish a distinctively exclusive system. While the Japanese state quickly learned to accommodate people at the fringes through its recognition and acceptance of existing customs in the management of resources, and even facilitated the creation of local organizations such as forest unions, the Siamese were consistently more exclusionary and even oppressed indigenous groups living at the state's territorial periphery. Resource interventions targeted at the fringes of land and society in Japan and Siam produced lasting effects on state-society relations that have extended far beyond their original intention of securing resource procurement. Understanding the historical roots of such relations offers a fresh perspective from which to explain why state inaction prevails in the present debate on state devolution in Thailand.
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Lewis-Hunstiger, Marty. „Story: An Intimate Human Resource“. Creative Nursing 20, Nr. 3 (2014): 147–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/1078-4535.20.3.147.
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The significance of story in providing therapeutic, person-centered care and the centrality of relationship in obtaining stories are explored in this issue of Creative Nursing. Authors explain narrative medicine, narrative nursing, and the narrative reflective process as used in education, a research cluster, and a program to help nurses thrive amid stress. Nurses tell their own and others’ stories of courage, compassion for the dying, immersion in another culture, and grieving adverse life events.
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King, Albert S., und Terrence R. Bishop. „Human Resource Experience: Survey and Analysis“. Public Personnel Management 23, Nr. 1 (März 1994): 165–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/009102609402300113.
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The results of a nationwide survey of members of the Society for Human Resource Management are discussed. HR managers shared their perceptions regarding involvement in HR activities, involvement in strategic planning, professional development, impressions, and future issues. The findings update results of 1985–87 surveys compiled by ASPA, TPFC, BNA, and others.
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Das, Rashmi Ranjan, Jhuma Sankar und M. Jeeva Sankar. „Sick Neonate Score: Better than Others in Resource Restricted Settings?“ Indian Journal of Pediatrics 83, Nr. 2 (09.01.2016): 97–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12098-015-2005-y.
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Brown, Gardner M. „The Personal Journey of a Resource Economist“. Annual Review of Resource Economics 10, Nr. 1 (05.10.2018): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-resource-100516-053338.
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This perspective article begins with speculation about my early interest in conservation at age six and traces my personal development until I became an assistant professor. My contribution to the beginning and development of nonmarket valuation, including an early publication on the stated preference method, is included. All but one of the discussed articles was about a nonmarket context. I also explore my research on endangered species in general and the spotted owl and black rhinoceros in particular. The arc of interest represented in my publications embraces biodiversity. For example, one article covers a metapopulation model, whereas others discuss the bio-economics of antibiotics and an early treatment of uncertainty in a public utility setting. My reconsideration of the analytical and empirical resource scarcity literature in the field is distinctive, while the necessity to work in an interdisciplinary setting is shown as transparent.
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Lim, Seunghoo, Tae Kyu Wang und Soo-Young Lee. „Shedding New Light on Strategic Human Resource Management: The Impact of Human Resource Management Practices and Human Resources on the Perception of Federal Agency Mission Accomplishment“. Public Personnel Management 46, Nr. 2 (24.04.2017): 91–117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0091026017704440.
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We assess the resource-based view in the study of strategic human resource management in public agencies. We mainly examine the impact of both human resource management (HRM) practices and actual human resources on the perception of federal agency mission accomplishment. We show that all types of goal-aligned and performance-based HRM practices (including rewards, training, appraisal, and recruitment) positively affect perceived agency mission accomplishment. In addition, certain types of human resources (including the percentage of career senior executive service members and organizational size) contribute to perceived agency mission accomplishment although others (including the percentage of professionals and noncareer senior executive service members) make negative contributions. Strategic knowledge, regarding an organization’s valuable, rare, inimitable, and nontradable resources—in both HRM practices and human resources—can help improve perceived federal agency mission accomplishment.
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Rahman, Rahis, und Mehmood Faheem. „Management Development Program to Increase Employee Capacity and Responsibility during the Covid-19 Pandemic“. Journal of Asian Multicultural Research for Economy and Management Study 2, Nr. 1 (24.03.2021): 54–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.47616/jamrems.v2i1.106.
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This article discusses the urgency of a management development program. A development principle that combines experiential learning, classroom learning and learning through others. The program development strategy can run well if it is accompanied by a well-planned human resource and capacity development program. So that it is expected to be able to help achieve the goals in producing high quality human resources. The human resource development strategy is a plan on how the quality of human resources can develop into a better direction and increase their work capacity. and have good loyalty to the company. Human resource development is needed for the continuity of a company so that it can develop more dynamically. because human resources are the most important element in a company.
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Zimmer, Catherine, und Howard Aldrich. „Resource Mobilization through Ethnic Networks“. Sociological Perspectives 30, Nr. 4 (Oktober 1987): 422–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1389212.
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Shopkeepers have social networks composed of ties to many others: Family, friends, customers, suppliers, employees, and moneylenders. We examine how ties to family and friends affect three aspects of entrepreneurship for Asian and white shop owners in four English cities: Business foundings, business success, and business turnover. Social ties are important for all three processes in both groups. An implication of our research is that the comparative study of immigrant and native groups shifts the focus from group differences to group similarities. Studies examining only immigrants may find apparently distinctive characteristics, but, in fact, many traits are common to all small-business owners, given the turbulent environment they face.
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Ksenofontova, Elena Gennadievna, und Elena Albertovna Sverdlikova. „Horizontal-resource models of happiness“. SHS Web of Conferences 122 (2021): 03006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/202112203006.
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“Happiness” is not even considered by many as a scientific term. Meanwhile, some practitioners are concerned with improving the quality of life and the objective reasons for people’s subjective satisfaction while others note the prevalence of problems related to “unhappiness”. Thus, in the best case, people turn to clergy, significant others, or psychotherapists to change either themselves or their lives for the better. However, theoretical interpretations of the phenomenon of happiness in many sciences that are based on the models of balance, the correspondence between the desired and the available, etc., use a fragmented and practically unstructured terminological apparatus. The goal of the study is to identify the conceptual models in all the diversity of interpretations and studies of happiness that allow uniting groups of researchers from different fields of knowledge, as well as to present the views of the authors of artworks on the mechanisms of experience and empathy with the processes of gaining and losing happiness. Methods: Comparative analysis of views on the phenomenon of happiness and the related states presented in works of art, spiritual and cultural life, and studies of the social and human sciences. The analyzed material allowed us to show the presence of a large number of models of interpretation of the state of happiness often associated with the assessment of resources available to the individual (horizontal-resource models of happiness). This distinguishes them from the vertical-level models that contrast the highest levels of happiness of special quality with the manifestation of different, lower-order states also referred to as happiness. It is important to note that in horizontal-resource interpretations, many models do not treat happiness simply as a significant share “of the total pie”. Resource-based approaches assess the available or absent potential (of varying nature), as well as the absence or presence of the possibility of approaching a subjectively meaningful state.
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Smith, Eric E., Philippe Couillard, John D. Fisk, Zahinoor Ismail, Manuel Montero-Odasso, Julie M. Robillard, Isabelle Vedel, Saskia Sivananthan und Serge Gauthier. „Pandemic Dementia Scarce Resource Allocation“. Canadian Geriatrics Journal 23, Nr. 3 (01.09.2020): 260–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.5770/cgj.23.457.
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Hospitals and intensive care units are straining to provide care for a large surge of patients with coronavirus disease 19 (Covid-19). Contingency plans are being made for the possibility that resources for lifesaving care, including mechanical ventilators, will be in short supply. Covid-19 is more severe and more likely to be fatal in older persons. Dementia is one of the commonest severe comorbidities of aging. Persons with dementia are vulnerable and often need the support of others to make their voices heard. This commentary, created by a task force commissioned by the Alzheimer Society of Canada, provides guidance for triaging persons with dementia to scarce medical resources during the Covid-19 pandemic.
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Ploeg, Frederick van der. „Natural Resources: Curse or Blessing?“ Journal of Economic Literature 49, Nr. 2 (01.06.2011): 366–420. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/jel.49.2.366.
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Are natural resources a “curse” or a “blessing”? The empirical evidence suggests that either outcome is possible. This paper surveys a variety of hypotheses and supporting evidence for why some countries benefit and others lose from the presence of natural resources. These include that a resource bonanza induces appreciation of the real exchange rate, deindustrialization, and bad growth prospects, and that these adverse effects are more severe in volatile countries with bad institutions and lack of rule of law, corruption, presidential democracies, and underdeveloped financial systems. Another hypothesis is that a resource boom reinforces rent grabbing and civil conflict especially if institutions are bad, induces corruption especially in nondemocratic countries, and keeps in place bad policies. Finally, resource rich developing economies seem unable to successfully convert their depleting exhaustible resources into other productive assets. The survey also offers some welfare-based fiscal rules for harnessing resource windfalls in developed and developing economies. (JEL O47, Q32, Q33)
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Torvik, R. „Why do some resource-abundant countries succeed while others do not?“ Oxford Review of Economic Policy 25, Nr. 2 (01.06.2009): 241–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxrep/grp015.
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Nikolaeva, O. V. „Resource potential of personality in cardiac surgery patients: characteristics of hardiness and social support“. PERSONALITY IN A CHANGING WORLD: HEALTH, ADAPTATION, DEVELOPMENT 9, Nr. 2 (33) (30.06.2021): 175–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.23888/humj20212175-182.
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In cardiovascular surgery, the stress of surgical treatment is added to the traditional psychosocial factors of cardiac pathology. In connection with the tasks of psychological help, data on the resource potential of the personality of a cardiac surgical patient, determined by the totality of his intrapersonal and interpersonal resources, are of particular importance. In this work, based on the assessment of the characteristics of hardiness and social support and taking into account the specifics of the surgical intervention, the features of the resource potential of the personality in cardiac surgery patients at the preoperative stage of treatment were determined. Using the Hardiness Test and the Multidimensional Social Support Perception Scale, 152 patients with cardiovascular diseases who were admitted to the hospital for surgical treatment were studied. Taking into account the volume and nature of the planned surgical intervention, patients were assigned to three clinical groups. According to the results of the study, it was found that in patients preparing for massive open heart surgery, the intrapersonal adaptive resource of hardiness at the level of most components is insufficient. The interpersonal resource of social support is fully implemented in all cardiac surgery patients; in terms of social support for the family and significant others, it is close to excessive. At the preoperative stage of work with cardiac patients, it is recommended to rely more on the resources of social support for the family and significant others. Psychological work with the intrapersonal resource of hardiness can be carried out at later stages of rehabilitation.
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Suresh, S. „Ethical Issues in Human Resource Management“. Management and Labour Studies 36, Nr. 4 (November 2011): 367–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0258042x1103600405.
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Ethics refers to a system of moral principles - a sense of right and wrong, and goodness and badness of actions and the motives and consequences of these actions. In the business, businessmen must draw their ideas about what is desirable behavior from the same sources as anybody else would draw. Ethical values channelize the individual energies into pursuits that are benign to others and beneficial to the society. Ethical issues abound in HR activities, such as remuneration, labour relations, health and safety, training and development etc. This article offers insight into a detailed discussion of how ethical issues related to HR situations.
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Jia, Pengpeng, Dafang Zhuang und Yong Wang. „Impacts of temperature and precipitation on the spatiotemporal distribution of water resources in Chinese mega cities: the case of Beijing“. Journal of Water and Climate Change 8, Nr. 4 (07.08.2017): 593–612. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wcc.2017.038.
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Abstract Water shortages in China have hindered development of mega cities, especially Beijing. Assessing the impact of temperature and precipitation on water resources is important. This study analyzed spatiotemporal variations and impacts of temperature and precipitation on water resources in Beijing from 1956 to 2013, using statistical and spatial analysis. The results showed the following. (1) Temperature and precipitation affect water resources variously from region to region; their correlation in mountains is lower than in other areas. Precipitation redistribution caused by terrain reduces water resources. (2) The inter-annual variabilities of precipitation, temperature and water resources are different among five water resource divisions. Because of ‘rain-slope’, Beisanhe's precipitation is larger than others; Yongdinghe's precipitation is less than others due to ‘rain-shadow’; suffering from urban heat island effect, Beisihe and Daqinghe-plain's temperature is higher than others; Beisanhe and Beisihe's water resources are greater than others due to area differences. (3) Water resources are positively correlated with precipitation and negatively with temperature. (4) In recent years, precipitation and water resources decreased and temperature rose. Population growth, land use/land cover change, urbanization and pollution affected precipitation, temperature and water resources. Imported water cannot completely solve water shortages. With increasing water demand, precipitation and temperature will significantly influence water resources in Beijing.
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Rider, Jeff. „“Flanders was empty and uncultivated and heavily wooded”: Historiography as Urban Resource in the Twelfth Century“. Human and Social Studies 6, Nr. 2 (01.06.2017): 13–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/hssr-2017-0012.
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Abstract The stories that the inhabitants of a milieu tell themselves and others about that milieu are an important part of the immaterial, human, symbolic resources available to them to help them grasp, articulate and inflect their milieu’s historical development and thus shape its future. The conglomerate of stories that the inhabitants of a milieu tell themselves and others about that milieu, the milieu’s storyworld, is unique to that milieu and help make that milieu unique. A distinct storyworld is part of what makes one milieu different from other milieux, is 13 one of the matrices that orient and limit a milieu’s future development, part of what gives it its sens and leads it to develop in certain ways and not others. This is how the storyworld of a milieu, reflected in its historiography, is a resource for the development of that milieu.
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Polterovich, V., V. Popov und A. Tonis. „Mechanisms of Resource Curse and Economic Policy“. Voprosy Ekonomiki, Nr. 6 (20.06.2007): 4–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.32609/0042-8736-2007-6-4-27.
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This paper compares various mechanisms of resource curse leading to a potentially inefficient use of resources; it is demonstrated that each of these mechanisms is associated with market imperfections and can be "corrected" with appropriate government policies. Empirical evidence seems to suggest that resource abundant countries have on average lower budget deficits and inflation, and higher foreign exchange reserves. Besides, lower domestic fuel prices that are typical for resource rich countries have a positive effect on long-term growth even though they are associated with losses resulting from higher energy consumption. On top of that resource abundance allows to reduce income inequalities. So, on the one hand, resource wealth turns out to be conducive to growth, especially in countries with strong institutions. However, on the other hand, resource abundance leads to corruption of institutions and to overvalued real exchange rates. On balance, there is no solid evidence that resource abundant countries grow more slowly than the others, but there is evidence that they grow more slowly than could have grown with the right policies and institutions.
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Arun Kumar, G., Aravind Sundaresan, Snehanshu Saha, Bidisha Goswami und Shakti Mishra. „A Novel Probabilistic Strategy for Delay Corrected Allocation in Shared Resource Systems“. Cybernetics and Information Technologies 17, Nr. 2 (01.06.2017): 83–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cait-2017-0018.
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Abstract Cloud computing offers scalable services to the user where computing resources are owned by a cloud provider. The resources are offered to clients on pay-per-use basis. However, since multiple clients share the cloud’s resources, they could potentially interfere with each others’ task during peak load instances. The environment changes every instant of time with a new set of job requests demanding resource while another set of jobs relieving another set of resources. A major challenge among the service providers is to maintain a balance without compromising Service Level Agreement (SLA). In case of peak load, when each client strives for a particular resource in minimal time, the resource allocation problem becomes more challenging. The important issue is to fulfil the SLA criterion without delaying the resource allocation. The paper proposes a n-player game-based Machine learning strategy that would forecast outcome using a priori information available and measure/estimate existing parameters such as utilization and delay in an optimal load-balanced paradigm. The simulation validates the conclusion of the theorem by showing that average delay is low and stays in that range as the number of job requests increase. In future, we shall extend this work to multi-resource, multi-user environment.
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Lim, Jia Hui, Kenneth Tai, Peter A. Bamberger und Elizabeth W. Morrison. „Soliciting Resources from Others: An Integrative Review“. Academy of Management Annals 14, Nr. 1 (Januar 2020): 122–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/annals.2018.0034.
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Yang, Yi-Feng. „THE ROLES OF HUMAN RESOURCES, INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY, AND MARKETING KNOWLEDGE CAPABILITIES IN PERFORMANCE: AN EXTENSION OF THE RESOURCE-BASED THEORY PERSPECTIVE“. Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 36, Nr. 9 (01.01.2008): 1269–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2008.36.9.1269.
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For some time now, the resource-based theory (RBT) has been used as a perspective in understanding the relationship between resources (or capabilities) and performance; however, there is a dearth of empirical research shedding light on why some firms successfully use their capabilities while others do not. Thus, in this study the effects on performance of three resource variables were investigated: human resources (HR), information technology (IT), and marketing knowledge (MK). Results showed: the positive performance of IT, MK, and HR capabilities (β = .275, .254, and .027, p < .01, respectively); and exploratory results with multiple hierarchical/interaction regressions suggested that two- and three-way interactions enhanced performance. These new findings suggest that these three capabilities are important business resources since they significantly improved performance.
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Arthur, John. „Resource Acquisition and Harm“. Canadian Journal of Philosophy 17, Nr. 2 (Juni 1987): 337–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00455091.1987.10716439.
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Capitalism is often defended by appeals to natural rights: only in a free market, it is said, are people protected from the illegitimate intrusions of others. Coercion, either to prevent exchanges or to redistribute wealth, violates people's rights. But much of the property people have acquired came not from their own effort or the efforts of those who gave them gifts, but instead was taken from nature. Thus the question I propose to discuss in this paper: How is it that an unowned natural resource (land, for example) can legitimately be acquired for private benefit? Much thought has been given by libertarian defenders of capitalism to justifying the claim that, once owned, property cannot be taken without its owner's consent. Relatively little attention has been paid, however, to how the original acquisition can be justified. Indeed, I argue here that if one approaches the problem of resource appropriation from the perspective of the Lockean ‘proviso,’ that enough and as good must be left in common, then the typical method of acquiring property under capitalism is unjust. Libertarians must either give up the individualistic, state of nature approach to economic justice or admit that appropriation of natural resources requires compensation of people who do not get a share of the resource.
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Johnson, G. M. „Vision, Educational Level, and Empowering Work Relationships“. Journal of Visual Impairment & Blindness 89, Nr. 2 (März 1995): 112–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0145482x9508900206.
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Machinists (blind, sighted, and visually impaired) answered questions about trust, resource sharing, and empowerment in their work relationships. Employees with low vision were the least trusting and trusted, received the fewest shared resources, and reported proportionately more disempowering relationships. The more educated employees, regardless of their visual status, gave and received trust and resources more readily, saw more of their relationships as empowering, and were seen as empowering by others.
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Alcaraz-Mejia, Mildreth I., Raul Campos-Rodriguez, Ernesto Lopez-Mellado und Antonio Ramirez-Trevino. „Partial Reconfiguration of Control Systems using Petri Nets Structural Redundancy“. Information Technology And Control 44, Nr. 3 (24.09.2015): 287–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.itc.44.3.8783.
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This paper deals with the partial reconfiguration of the discrete control systems due to resource failures using the structural redundancy of the global system model. The approach herein proposed introduces a new subclass of Interpreted Petri Nets (IPN), named Interpreted Machines with Resources (IMR), allowing representing both the behaviour of a system and the resource allocation. Based on this model, an efficient reconfiguration algorithm is proposed; it is based on finding the set of all redundant sequences using alternative resources. The advantages of this structural reconfiguration method are: (1) it provides minimal reconfiguration to the system control assuring the properties of the original control system, (2) since the model includes resource allocation, it can be applied to a variety of systems such as Business Processes, and FPGAs, among others. The method is illustrated through a case study dealing with a manufacturing system controller that includes both alternative resources and operation sequences.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.itc.44.3.8783
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Olthaar, Matthias, Wilfred Dolfsma, Clemens Lutz und Florian Noseleit. „Strategic resources and smallholder performance at the bottom of the pyramid“. International Food and Agribusiness Management Review 22, Nr. 3 (19.04.2019): 365–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.22434/ifamr2018.0111.
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In a competitive business environment at the Bottom of the Pyramid smallholders supplying global value chains may be thought to be at the whims of downstream large-scale players and local market forces, leaving no room for strategic entrepreneurial behavior. In such a context we test the relationship between the use of strategic resources and firm performance. We adopt the Resource Based Theory and show that seemingly homogenous smallholders deploy resources differently and, consequently, some do outperform others. We argue that the ‘resource-based theory’ results in a more fine-grained understanding of smallholder performance than approaches generally applied in agricultural economics. We develop a mixed-method approach that allows one to pinpoint relevant, industry-specific resources, and allows for empirical identification of the relative contribution of each resource to competitive advantage. The results show that proper use of quality labor, storage facilities, time of selling, and availability of animals are key capabilities.
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Bond, Michael Harris. „Culture and Aggression—From Context to Coercion“. Personality and Social Psychology Review 8, Nr. 1 (Februar 2004): 62–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/s15327957pspr0801_3.
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This article is an attempt to study the neglected linkages between culture and aggression. It does so by conceptualizing culture as a set of affordances and constraints that channel the expression of coercive means of social control by self and others. All cultural systems represent solutions to the problems associated with distributing desired material and social resources among its group members while maintaining social order and harmony. Norms are developed surrounding the exercise of mutual influence in the process of resource allocation, favoring some and marginalizing others. Violations of these norms by resource competitors are conceptualized as “aggressive” behaviors and stimulate a process of justified counterattack, escalating the violence. The current data from both societal-level and individual-level studies are examined and integrated in light of this organizing framework, and future studies are proposed to explore the interface between culture and aggression more productively.
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Guo, Yunli. „An Interview with Human Resource Manager“. Research in Economics and Management 3, Nr. 2 (23.05.2018): 142. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/rem.v3n2p142.
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<em>Leadership has been described as the process of social influence in which one person can enlist the aid and support of others in the accomplishment of a common task. Different people require different styles of leadership. There are many traits that help people increase the effectiveness of their leadership. How to be a successful manager? In this paper, I interviewed a HR and summarized her descriptions about human resource management. As a Human Resource Manager, she described some specific daily activities and responsibilities in this interview, also gave some realistic experiences and useful advice for us. In order to have an effective leadership, it is important to build your own leadership style which can expend strengths and avoid weaknesses.</em>
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Elenbaas, Laura, und Melanie Killen. „How do young children expect others to address resource inequalities between groups?“ Journal of Experimental Child Psychology 150 (Oktober 2016): 72–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jecp.2016.05.002.
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S. Fogel, Daniel, und Janet Elizabeth Palmer. „Water as a corporate resource“. Journal of Global Responsibility 5, Nr. 1 (06.05.2014): 104–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jgr-02-2014-0007.
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Purpose – Water is a unique resource that does not receive enough attention among companies given its essential contribution to human life. Its uniqueness among all resources results from its environmental, socio-political and economic characteristics. The purpose of this paper is to explore water's uniqueness to companies, especially how one company, Coca-Cola, is currently managing this resource and to describe a few serious challenges that companies will face. Design/methodology/approach – Coca-Cola has become a leader among these corporations, and we can learn from this company about suggested actions that others might want to use. Findings – The major actions that companies must take relate to impact assessment and reporting, increased stewardship as a corporate responsibility, observing principles of sustainability and the increased recognition of water in all environmental policies and regulatory actions, partnerships with government and non-government organizations, and technology and design, i.e. allocating financial and human capital to develop new technologies. Originality/value – Several corporations, in recognizing water's uniqueness as a resource, have taken actions for its management.
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Gao, Ying, Cong Liu, Qingtian Zeng und Hua Duan. „Two Effective Strategies to Support Cross-Organization Emergency Resource Allocation Optimization“. Mobile Information Systems 2021 (04.01.2021): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/7965935.
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Cross-organization emergency resource allocation optimization problem is essential to guarantee a successful emergency disposal, and it has become a research focus of modern emergency management. Generally speaking, there are two possible types of resource allocation scenarios: (1) if the emergency resources are overallocated, on the one hand, parallel execution of independent emergency activities can be supported and the emergency disposal time is reduced; on the other hand, too many idle resources may cause low resource utilization rate, high scheduling overhead, and high cost; and (2) if emergency resources are underallocated, this may lead to resource conflicts and the need for some emergency activities to wait for others to complete, and finally the emergency disposal time may increase. Therefore, reasonable emergency resource allocation strategies are highly desired. To the best of our knowledge, there is no formal approach to support the cross-organization emergency resource allocation issue. To handle this problem, we propose a two-layered framework to facilitate the allocation of limited emergency resources to meet its time constraints with high efficiency. More specifically, a kind of Petri net extended with time, resource, and message information, denoted as CE-net, is presented to model cross-organization emergency response processes. Based on the obtained CE-net, the minimum resource requirements are obtained with corresponding algorithms. Then, Minimum Execution Time (MET) strategy and Minimum Resource Consumption (MRC) strategy with their corresponding estimated execution intervals are introduced to facilitate the stakeholder to determine which strategy is suitable according to the timing requirements. A cross-organization fire emergency case is applied to validate the proposed approaches throughout the whole paper.
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Othman, Idris, Madzlan Napiah und Narayanan Sambu Potty. „Resource Management in Construction Project“. Applied Mechanics and Materials 567 (Juni 2014): 607–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.567.607.
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Construction projects experience various problems and complex factors such as cost, duration, quality and safety. Construction sector is diverse as it contains sub-contractors, contractors, consultants, architects, owners, and others. The aim of this paper is to identify and analyze resource management issues in construction project. Other than that is to ascertain the significance of the resource management as one of the key element in construction project success. A literature review and a questionnaire survey were done for data collection and analyzed using Relative Importance Index and Cronbach’s alpha. The questionnaires were distributed to the team members of KLIA 2 – New Low Cost Terminal Project: Client, Architects, Main Contractor, and Sub-Contractor. The findings revealed that dependent on foreign workers to respond to the high demand of skilled workers, weather condition affecting machineries/equipment-work-related performance and weaknesses in quality assurance for the supply of construction materials should be given serious attention in order to ensure the productivity and financial performance of the projects. Keywords: Construction Project Management, Resource Management, Manpower, Machineries, Materials
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Ikkos, George, Jed Boardman und Tony Zigmond. „Talking liberties: John Rawls's theory of justice and psychiatric practice“. Advances in Psychiatric Treatment 12, Nr. 3 (Mai 2006): 202–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/apt.12.3.202.
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Scarcity of resources compared with need results in resource-allocation decisions that will have a beneficent effect on some clinical populations and will be detrimental to others. Political philosophy, through theories of social justice, aims to establish generally applicable principles to guide such decision-making. We introduce here the work of the foremost liberal political philosopher of the second half of the 20th century, John Rawls. As well as having implications for resource allocation, John Rawls's work is of relevance to law and ethics in clinical practice, especially for psychiatrists, who often work with vulnerable, disadvantaged and stigmatised people.
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Kamasak, Rifat. „Creation of firm performance through resource orchestration: the case of ÜLKER“. Competitiveness Review 25, Nr. 2 (16.03.2015): 179–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/cr-02-2014-0005.
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Purpose – This study aims to investigate the complex interaction of different resource sets and capabilities in the process of performance creation within the context of resource-based theory. Design/methodology/approach – An inductive case study approach that included multiple data collection methods such as in-depth interviews, observation and documentation was utilized. Findings – Organizational culture, reputational assets, human capital, business processes and networking capabilities were found as the most important determinants of firm performance within the context of Ülker case study. Originality/value – Although large-scale empirical studies can be used to explore the direct resource–performance relationship, these quantitative methods bypass the complex and embedded nature of intangibles and provide only a limited understanding of why some resources are identified as strategic but others are not, what their roles are, and how these resources are converted into positions of competitive advantage. However, understanding of complex nature of resources that are embedded in organizations designates the need for more fieldwork-based qualitative studies. This study aims to address this gap by providing a thorough understanding about the managerial and organizational processes through which the resources become valuable.
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Roelke, Daniel L., Sierra E. Cagle, Rika M. W. Muhl, Athanasia Sakavara und George Tsirtsis. „Resource fluctuation patterns influence emergent properties of phytoplankton assemblages and their resistance to harmful algal blooms“. Marine and Freshwater Research 71, Nr. 1 (2020): 56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf18386.
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Recent advances in phytoplankton modelling have used species-rich, self-organising assemblages. These models have shown that phytoplankton with complementary life-history traits related to resource exploitation assemble into stable states of lumpy coexistence when resources fluctuate where species’ niches occur in clusters along resource gradients. They have also shown that a high degree of competitive dissimilarity between clusters arises, and that this relates to the incidence of monospecific blooms of allelochemical-producing taxa, i.e. some harmful algal bloom (HAB) species. These findings further suggest that the mode (sudden v. gradual changes) under which limiting resources fluctuate plays an important role in determining the emergent properties of the assemblage. For example, productivity, biodiversity and the number of species clusters (and, therefore, resistance to HABs) are all enhanced when switches in resource supplies are gradual, compared with when they are sudden. These theoretical findings, as well as others discussed herein, are of particular interest in watersheds where human activities, such as dam construction, have the capacity to dramatically alter natural-resource fluctuation patterns.
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Aljarallah, Ruba A., und Andrew Angus. „Dilemma of Natural Resource Abundance: A Case Study of Kuwait“. SAGE Open 10, Nr. 1 (Januar 2020): 215824401989970. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2158244019899701.
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There is a lively debate about the relationship between a nation’s natural resource abundance and economic growth. Some view natural resource abundance as a curse, whereas others view it as a blessing. This study examines the economic, social, and political effects of resource abundance in an oil-rich country, Kuwait, using data from 1984 to 2014. This study analyzes the short- and long-run impacts of resource rents on per capita gross domestic product (GDP), productivity, human capital, and institutional quality. The study reveals through autoregressive distributed lag modeling and error correction modeling that resource rents increase per capita GDP merely in the short-run; however, resource rents deteriorate productivity, human capital, and institutional quality in both the short and the long-run. These results indicate that, for Kuwait, the overreliance on its natural resources has been detrimental over the long-run. The study suggests that there is a need to improve the quality of institutions and enhance the level of human capital to get economic sustainability and development over time.
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Chen, Xuefen, und Baiyin Yang. „Copying from others or developing locally?“ Journal of Chinese Human Resources Management 1, Nr. 2 (Februar 2010): 128–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/20408001011117662.
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Bretz, Robert D., und Timothy A. Judge. „The Role of Human Resource Systems in Job Applicant Decision Processes“. Journal of Management 20, Nr. 3 (Juni 1994): 531–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/014920639402000301.
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Given that organizations make choices about how to manage their human resources, information about the organization is often expressed or implied in the human resource systems that organizations implement. This study proposes that information conveyed through human resource systems affects applicant job choices, that particular systems will be more important to some people than to others, and that job acceptance will be influenced by the degree to which individual characteristics match the content of the system information presented. A policy-capturing design was used to assess the effects of human resource systems within the context of other variables that past research has shown to significantly influence job choices. Results suggested support for the importance of human resource systems in job choice decisions, and further suggested that the fit between individual characteristics and organizational settings described by these systems may be particularly important determinants of job acceptance.
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Sangaji, Janer, Tridoyo Kusumastanto und Sahat M. H. Simanjuntak. „Analisis Depresiasi dan Kebijakan Pengelolaan Sumberdaya Ikan Layang di Wilayah Perairan Kota Ambon“. Journal of Agriculture, Resource and Environmental Economics 1, Nr. 1 (01.04.2014): 43–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/jaree.v1i1.11298.
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Generally, fishery resources are open access which means that anyone can participate without having these resources. This is shown by an increase in the utilization of fish resources that will lead to a crisis in which when the rate of exploitation goes beyond the ability of regeneration that makes the catches more economical (economic overfishing). Moreover, this will take place in conditions of uncontrolled fishing. The main factor causing this crisis is the uncontrolled human intervention toward the existing fishery resources. The exploitation of these resources can lead to an imbalance between the input and the potential capture of fish resources so that it can lead to over-fishing, overcapacity, inefficiency arrest, resource rents decline, degradation of the resource stock and a decrease in production. The degradation impact of small pelagic fish resource, especially Layang fish in Ambon also is the reduction of producer welfare, especially the welfare of fishermen and coastal communities. This is due to, among others, the lack of control from the government as the authors,, and the lack of understanding of resource actors (local fishermen) about the nature of fish resources which are open access. Thus, the calculation of the depreciation of small pelagic fish resources, especially lyang fish, and welfare aspects which are considered important to know as a point of reference as well as an early warning signal to determine whether the extraction of small pelagic fish resources, especially layang fish in Ambon has exceeded their capabilities.
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Sackel, Johanna. „Food justice, common heritage and the oceans: Resource narratives in the context of the Third United Nations Conference on the Law of the Sea“. International Journal of Maritime History 29, Nr. 3 (August 2017): 645–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0843871417713682.
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The United Nations Conference on the Law of the Sea was an arena in which global resource equity was negotiated in a process that extended beyond the governmental actors who took centre stage. But our perceptions of the role of an increasingly civil society in framing national decision-making processes during the 1970s – for instance, through trade associations or nongovernmental organizations – is blurred. Both civil society and economic actors crafted similar policies, though for different purposes: some – with regard to the north–south divide – focused on the conservation of the ocean’s resources over the long term, whereas others were more concerned with short-term economic benefits. This article asks which arguments legitimized property and usage rights, and which resource narratives were used. By taking into account the charged relationship of local–national–global reaches, it also examines perceptions and management of resources in the context of resource equity on a global scale.